Dogon insulin da sunan ta

Shirye-shirye don maganin insulin ya bambanta a cikin tsawon lokacin aiki akan gajere, matsakaici, tsayi da haɗe. Dogon insulin an tsara shi ne a daidaitaccen tsarin wannan hormone, wanda yawanci ke haifar da koda. Ana amfani dashi don nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na sukari, har ma da yanayi inda ake buƙatar sarrafa sukari na jini.

Hanyar aikin

Dogon insulin wani magani ne na tsawan aiki wanda ya wajaba don kula da matakan glucose na jiki na dogon lokaci. Yana kwaikwayon samarda insulin basal ta hanyar farji da hana ci gaban gluconeogenesis.

Ana lura da kunnawar hormone na tsawanta kimanin awa 4 bayan allura. Peak abun ciki ne m ko ba ya nan, barga taro na miyagun ƙwayoyi ne lura na 8-20 hours. Bayan kimanin sa'o'i 28 bayan gudanarwa (ya dogara da nau'in maganin), an rage ayyukanta zuwa sifili.

Ba a yin dogon insulin don magance daskararren sukari a cikin sukari wanda ke faruwa bayan cin abinci. Yana kwaikwayon matakin ilimin halittar jiki na asirin hormone.

Iri da kwayoyi

A halin yanzu, ana amfani da ƙungiyoyi biyu na magunguna masu tsayi-matsakaici - matsakaici da tsawon lokacin dogon. Matsayi na wucin gadi yana da lokaci mafi yawa, kodayake ba kamar yadda aka ambata azaman magungunan gajere ba. Ultra-dogon aiki-insulins marasa aiki ne. Wadannan abubuwan ana yin la’akari da su yayin zabar wani kashi na hormone basal.

Yin amfani da insulin mai aiki da dadewa ana bada shawara ga waɗannan alamun:

• nau'in ciwon sukari guda 1
• nau'in ciwon sukari na 2
• rigakafi ga baka magunguna don rage yawan glucose jini,
• shiri don tiyata
• ciwon sukari.

Hanyar aikace-aikace

Ana samun insulin aiki mai tsawo a cikin nau'ikan dakatarwa ko mafita don allura. Lokacin da aka gudanar da aikin karkashin kasa, miyagun ƙwayoyi suna kasancewa a cikin adipose nama na wani ɗan lokaci, inda yake hankali da sannu a hankali yana shiga cikin jini.

Adadin maganin ana tantance shi ta likita daban-daban ga kowane mara lafiya. Bugu da ƙari, mai haƙuri zai iya yin lissafin sashin kansa bisa shawarar da ya bayar. Lokacin juyawa daga insulin dabba zuwa kashi na mutum, yana da bu toatar sake zaɓa. Lokacin maye gurbin nau'in magani guda tare da wani, ikon likita da ƙarin binciken kullun na yawan sukarin jini suna da mahimmanci. Idan yayin sauyawa, kashi na sarrafawa ya wuce raka'a 100, ana tura mai haƙuri zuwa asibiti.

Ana yin allurar cikin ƙasa, kowane lokaci zuwa wani wuri dabam. Za'a iya yin allurar insulin a cikin ƙwayar triceps, a cikin yankin kusa da cibiya, a cikin kwano na sama na maɗaukakar gluteal ko a cikin babban ɓangaren cinya na cinya. Bai kamata a gauraya insulin ko a cakuda shi ba. Dole ne sirinjin din yayi girgiza kafin allura. Wajibi ne a karkatar da shi tsakanin tafin hannu, har da cewa abin da ke ciki ya zama ya zama daidai kuma yana da kadan. Bayan allura, an bar allura a karkashin fata na wasu 'yan dakikoki don gudanar da cikakkiyar maganin, sannan kuma a cire shi.

Yin lissafi

Mutumin da ke da ƙoshin narkewar al'ada yakan samar da 24-26 IU na insulin a kowace rana, ko kuma kusan 1 IU awa ɗaya. Wannan yana ƙayyade matakin matakin, ko yalwataccen, insulin wanda ake buƙatar gudanar dashi. Idan ana sa ran tiyata, yunwa, damuwa psychophysical yayin rana, to yakamata a kara kashi.

Don kirga sashi na insulin na asali, ana yin gwajin ciki. Ya kamata ku ƙi abinci 4-5 hours kafin binciken. An bada shawara don fara zaɓi na adadin tsawon insulin na dare. Don sakamakon sakamako ya zama daidai, kuna buƙatar cin abincin dare da wuri ko tsallake abincin maraice.

Kowane sa'a, ana auna sukari tare da glucometer. A lokacin gwaji, kada ya kasance karuwa ko raguwar glucose ta 1.5 mmol. Idan matakin sukari ya canza sosai, ƙwaƙwalwar bas ɗin yana buƙatar gyara.

Yawan abin sama da ya kamata

Yawancin magunguna na iya haifar da hauhawar jini. Ba tare da taimakon likita ba, yana haifar da rikitarwa mai wahala. Convulsions, rikicewar juyayi suna faruwa, ba a cire ƙwayar cutar hypoglycemic, a cikin mawuyacin hali yanayin na iya haifar da mutuwa.

Tare da hypoglycemia, yana da gaggawa don ɗaukar carbohydrates mai sauri, wanda zai haɓaka matakin glucose a cikin jini. Nan gaba, kuna buƙatar ikon likita, gyaran abinci mai gina jiki da allurai na insulin.

Contraindications

Ba a yarda da insulin na tsawon lokaci ba don duk rukunin masu haƙuri. Ba za a iya amfani dashi don hypoglycemia da hypersensitivity zuwa abubuwan da ke cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi ba. An contraindicated a cikin mata masu ciki da yara a ƙarƙashin shekaru 6.

Za'a iya amfani da maganin a kan shawarar kwararrun likita idan faɗin da ake tsammanin ya wuce haɗarin yiwuwar rikitarwa. Dole ne koyaushe likita ya ƙididdige sashi.

Side effects

Lokacin amfani da insulin aiki na tsawon lokaci, ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa wucewa da kashi na iya haifar da cututtukan jini, ƙwaƙwalwa da ƙwaƙwalwa. Allergic halayen, redness da itching a wurin allurar ba su yanke hukunci.

Ingantaccen insulin an yi niyya ne kawai don sarrafa glucose, ba ya taimaka da ketoacidosis. Don cire sassan ketone daga jiki, ana amfani da gajeren insulin.

A cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, an haɗa insulin mai tsawo tare da kwayoyi masu amfani da gajerun abubuwa kuma suna aiki azaman asali na maganin. Don kiyaye taro na miyagun ƙwayoyi iri ɗaya, ana canza wurin allurar kowane lokaci. Sauyin daga matsakaici zuwa insulin yakamata a gudanar dashi karkashin kulawar likita kuma yana ƙarƙashin ma'aunin yau da kullun na matakan glucose na jini. Idan kashi bai cika buƙatun ba, zai zama dole a daidaita ta amfani da wasu magunguna.

Don hana cutar dare da safiya, ana ba da shawarar rage taro na dogon insulin kuma ƙara haɓaka na gajere. Ana yin lissafin girman magungunan ne ta likita.

Dogon insulin yana buƙatar gyara idan kun canza abinci da aikin jiki, harma da cututtukan da ke kama da juna biyu, tiyata, ciki, cututtukan koda, da kuma tsarin endocrine. Ana sabunta kashi tare da sauyi mai bayyana a cikin nauyi, yawan shan giya kuma a ƙarƙashin rinjayar wasu abubuwan da ke canza taro na glucose a cikin jini. Tare da rage matakan glycosylated haemoglobin, ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa hypoglycemia kwatsam na iya faruwa duka dare da rana.

Hanyar ajiya

Ya kamata a adana insulin da ya dade yana aiki a cikin kwali a kwali a ƙasan ɗakin firiji, inda zazzabi ya kasance +2. +8 ° С. A irin waɗannan yanayin, ba daskarewa.

Bayan buɗe kunshin, zazzabin ajiya na samfurin kada ya wuce +25 ° C, amma dole ne a cire shi cikin firiji. Ajiye akwatin daga isar yara. Rayuwar shiryayye daga insulin shine shekaru 3, aka buɗe - kimanin wata daya.

Generation na gaba Mai daukar aiki insulin

Ga masu ciwon sukari, ana samun insulin NPH na mutum da dogon aikin analogues. Tebur da ke ƙasa yana nuna manyan bambance-bambance tsakanin waɗannan magunguna.

A watan Satumbar 2015, an gabatar da sabon aikin insha na Abasaglar wanda yake kusan iri daya ne ga Lantus.

Insulin aiki mai tsawo

Gudanar da Abinci da Magunguna (FDA, US FDA) - Wani ma'aikacin gwamnati wanda ke ƙarƙashin Sashin Lafiya na Amurka a cikin 2016 ya amince duk da haka analog na anaulin mai ɗaukar dogon lokaci, Toujeo. Ana samun wannan samfurin a kasuwannin gida kuma yana tabbatar da fa'idarsa a cikin maganin cutar sikari.

NPH insulin (NPH Neutral Protamine Hagedorn)

Wannan wani nau'in insulin na roba ne wanda aka kera shi a ƙirar insulin ɗan adam, amma ya wadatar da protamine (furotin na kifi) don rage shi. NPH yana da gajimare. Sabili da haka, kafin gudanarwa, ya kamata a juya shi a hankali don haɗawa da kyau.

NPH shine mafi ƙarancin nau'in insulin aiki na tsawon lokaci. Abin takaici, yana ɗaukar haɗarin hauhawar jini da hauhawar nauyi, saboda yana da ƙoshin da ake faɗi a cikin aiki (kodayake tasirinsa a hankali kuma ba shi da sauri kamar insulin a cikin bolus).

Marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 1 ana yawanci ba su kashi biyu na NPH insulin kowace rana. Kuma masu haƙuri da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na iya yin allura sau ɗaya a rana. Dukkanta ya dogara da matakin glucose a cikin jini da kuma shawarwarin likita.

Analogs Insulin na tsawon lokaci

Insulin, abubuwan sunadarai wadanda ake canza su har suke rage jinkiri da tasirin maganin, ana daukar su ne a matsayin kwayar kwayar halittar dan adam.

Lantus, Abasaglar, Tujeo da Tresiba suna da fasalin gama gari - tsawon lokaci na aiki da ƙarancin rawar da aka ambata fiye da NPH. A wannan batun, cin abincin nasu yana rage haɗarin hauhawar jini da hauhawar nauyi. Koyaya, farashin analogues yana da girma.

Abasaglar, Lantus, da Tresiba insulin ana ɗaukar su sau ɗaya a rana. Wasu marasa lafiya kuma suna amfani da Levemir sau ɗaya a rana. Wannan bai shafi nau'in masu ciwon sukari guda 1 ba wanda aikin miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kasa da sa'o'i 24.

Tresiba shine sabon kuma a halin yanzu shine mafi tsada irin insulin da ake samu a kasuwa. Koyaya, yana da muhimmiyar fa'ida - haɗarin hauhawar jini, musamman da daddare, shine mafi ƙasƙanci.

Yaya tsawon lokacin insulin zai wuce

Matsayin insulin da ke aiki tsawon lokaci shine wakiltar babban ɓarin insulin ta cikin farji. Don haka, ana samun daidaitaccen matakin wannan hormone a cikin jini a duk tsawon aikinsa. Wannan yana bawa sel jikin mu damar amfani da glucose da ke narkar da jini a cikin tsawan awa 24.

Yadda ake allurar insulin

Dukkanin abubuwan insulins na dogon lokaci ana allura a karkashin fata zuwa wuraren da akwai matattakakken mai. Wani gefen gefen cinya ya fi dacewa da waɗannan manufofin. Wannan wurin yana ba da damar jinkirin shan magunguna. Ya danganta da alƙawarin endocrinologist, kuna buƙatar yin allura ɗaya ko biyu kowace rana.

Mitar allura

Idan makasudin ku shine ku kiyaye allurar insulin kamar yadda zai yiwu, yi amfani da Abasaglar, Lantus, Toujeo, ko Tresiba analogues. Jectionaya daga cikin allura (safe ko maraice, amma koyaushe a lokaci guda na rana) na iya samar da matakan insulin a kusa da agogo.

Kuna iya buƙatar allura biyu a kowace rana don kula da ingantaccen matakan hormone jini lokacin zabar NPH. Wannan, koyaya, yana baka damar daidaita sashi gwargwadon lokacin rana da aiki - mafi girma yayin rana da ƙasa da lokacin kwanciya.

Rashin haɗarin hauhawar jini a cikin amfani da insulin basal

An tabbatar da cewa analogs insulin na tsawon lokaci ba su da wata matsala da zai haifar da rashin lafiyar hypoglycemia (musamman maƙarƙashiya mai ƙarfi a cikin dare) idan aka kwatanta da NPH. Lokacin amfani da su, ƙimar abubuwan haemoglobin HbA1c mai yiwuwa ana iya cimma su.

Hakanan akwai tabbaci cewa yin amfani da insulin analogues na dogon lokaci idan aka kwatanta da isoflan NPH yana haifar da raguwa a cikin nauyin jiki (kuma, sakamakon haka, raguwa a jure kwayoyi da kuma buƙatar gaba ɗaya na miyagun ƙwayoyi).

Nau'in aiki mai dadewa I ciwon sukari

Idan kun sha wahala daga kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 1, ƙwayar kumburinku ba ta iya samar da isasshen insulin ba. Sabili da haka, bayan kowane abinci, yakamata kuyi amfani da wani magani mai amfani wanda zaiyi kwatancin asirin insulin ta hanyar beta. Idan ka rasa allura, to akwai hadarin kamuwa da cutar ketoacidosis.

Lokacin zabar tsakanin Abasaglar, Lantus, Levemir da Tresiba, kuna buƙatar sanin wasu fasalolin insulin.

• Lantus da Abasaglar suna da bayanin martaba kaɗan fiye da Levemir, kuma ga mafi yawan marasa lafiya, suna da aiki awanni 24.
• Levemir na iya buƙatar ɗauka sau biyu kowace rana.
• Amfani da Levemir, ana iya lissafta allurai gwargwadon lokacin rana, don haka rage haɗarin cutar rashin ƙwaƙwalwa ta hanji da haɓaka kulawar rana.
• Toujeo, magungunan Tresibia sun fi dacewa rage alamun da ke sama idan aka kwatanta da Lantus.
• Hakanan ya kamata kuyi la’akari da tasirin magunguna kamar su fitsari. Waɗannan halayen suna da ɗan wuya, amma suna iya faruwa.
• Idan kana buƙatar canzawa daga analogues na insulin analogues zuwa NPH, ka tuna cewa kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi bayan abinci yana yiwuwa a rage shi.

Dogon aiki insulin don ciwon sukari na II

Jiyya don ciwon sukari na II yawanci yana farawa da gabatarwar ingantaccen tsarin abinci da magungunan baka (Metformin, Siofor, Diabeton, da dai sauransu ..). Koyaya, akwai yanayi yayin da aka tilasta likitoci suyi amfani da maganin insulin.

Mafi na kowa ana jera su a ƙasa:

• Rashin tasirin magungunan baka, rashin iya maganin glycemia na al'ada da haemoglobin glycated
• Contraindications don maganin baka
• Binciken cutar sankara tare da yawan ƙwayar glycemic, ƙara yawan alamun bayyanar cututtuka
• Myocardial infarction, na jijiyoyin zuciya, angiography, bugun jini, m kamuwa da cuta, hanyoyin tiyata
• Ciki

Bayanin insulin mai aiki da dogon lokaci

Maganin farko shine yawanci raka'a 0.2 / kilogiram na jiki. Wannan lissafin yana da amfani ga mutane ba tare da juriya na insulin ba, tare da aikin hanta da koda na koda. Ana ba da umarnin sashi na insulin ne ta hanyar likitanka (!)

Baya ga tsawon lokacin aiki (mafi tsawo shine degludec, mafi guntu shine asalin injinin inuwa na insulin-isophan), wadannan kwayoyi ma sun banbanta da bayyanar. A batun insulin NPH, ana rarraba kololuwar yanayi tsawon lokaci kuma yana faruwa tsakanin awanni 4 zuwa 14 bayan allura. Alamar aiki insulin ta yin aiki tsawon lokaci tana kai kololuwa tsakanin awanni 6 zuwa 8 bayan allurar, amma ya fi ƙanƙanta da rashin ƙarfi.

Saboda haka ake kira insulin glargine saboda haka ake kira 'insulin basal'. Hankalinsa a cikin jini ya ragu sosai, saboda haka hadarin cutar ƙwacewar jini ya ragu sosai.

Cutar Alzheimer: sanadin da magani. Abin da kuke buƙatar sani

Shirye-shirye don maganin insulin ya bambanta a cikin tsawon lokacin aiki akan gajere, matsakaici, tsayi da haɗe. Dogon insulin an tsara shi ne a daidaitaccen tsarin wannan hormone, wanda yawanci ke haifar da koda. Ana amfani dashi don nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na sukari, har ma da yanayi inda ake buƙatar sarrafa sukari na jini.

Bayanin Kungiya

Koyarwar insulin shine tsarin tafiyar matakai da kuma ciyar da sel da abinci.Idan wannan kwayoyin ba ya cikin jiki ko ba a samar da shi cikin adadin da ake buƙata ba, mutum yana cikin babban haɗari, har ma da mutuwa.

An hana shi sosai don zaɓar rukunin shirye-shiryen insulin akan kanku. Lokacin canza magani ko sashi, dole ne a kula da mara lafiya kuma a kula da matakin glucose a cikin jini. Sabili da haka, don irin waɗannan alƙawura, ya kamata ka je wurin likitanka.

Abubuwan da ke ɗaukar dogon lokaci, sunayen da likita zai ba su, ana yawan amfani da su tare da sauran irin waɗannan kwayoyi na gajere ko na matsakaici. Commonlyarancin yau da kullun, ana amfani da su wajen lura da ciwon sukari na 2. Irin waɗannan kwayoyi suna riƙe glucose koyaushe a matakin guda, a kowane yanayin ƙin barin wannan siga sama ko ƙasa.

Irin waɗannan magunguna suna fara shafar jikin mutum bayan sa'o'i 4-8, kuma mafi girman yawan insulin za'a gano shi bayan sa'o'i 8-18. Sabili da haka, jimlar lokacin tasirin glucose shine - 20-30 hours. Mafi sau da yawa, mutum zai buƙaci hanyar 1 don gudanar da allurar wannan maganin, ƙasa da wannan ana yin shi sau biyu.

Daban-daban magani na ceton rai

Akwai nau'ikan wannan misalin analog na jikin mutum. Don haka, sun rarrabe aikin ultrashort da gajeren sigar, tsawaita da haɗewa.

Nau'in farko ya shafi jikin mintina 15 bayan fitowar sa, kuma mafi girman matakin insulin ana iya ganin shi cikin awa 1-2 bayan allurar subcutaneous. Amma tsawon lokacin abu a cikin jiki yayi gajarta.

Idan muka yi la’akari da daskararru masu daukar dogon lokaci, ana iya sanya sunayensu a cikin tebur na musamman.

Mafificin fa'idodi

Ana amfani da insulin mai tsayi don yin daidai da kwaikwayon tasirin ƙwayar mutum. Ana iya rarrabasu cikin sharaɗi zuwa kashi biyu: matsakaicin tsawon lokaci (har zuwa 15 hours) da matsanancin aiki, wanda ya kai awowi 30.

Masu kera sun sanya sigar farko na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin nau'in ruwan launin toka mai kauri da gajimare. Kafin gudanar da wannan allurar, mai haƙuri dole ne ya girgiza kwalin don cimma launi na kama. Bayan wannan magudanar mai sauki ne kawai zai iya shiga ciki.

Dogon insulin da aka yi aiki da shi an yi niyya ne sannu a hankali don haɓaka da hankali kuma riƙe shi a daidai matakin. A wani lokaci, lokacin mafi girman maida hankali samfurin ya zo, daga baya matakan sa a hankali ya ragu.

Yana da mahimmanci kada ku rasa lokacin da matakin ya lalace, wanda bayan haka ya kamata a gudanar da kashi na gaba na maganin. Ba za a yarda da canje-canje mai kaifi a cikin wannan alamar ba, don haka likita zai yi la’akari da ƙayyadaddun rayuwar mai haƙuri, bayan haka zai zaɓi magani mafi dacewa da kuma maganin.

Tasirin mai laushi ga jiki ba tare da kwatsam ba ya sa insulin aiki tsawon lokaci ya zama mafi tasiri a tsarin kulawa da masu ciwon suga. Wannan rukunin magungunan suna da wani fasalin: ya kamata a gudanar dashi kawai a cinya, kuma ba cikin ciki ko hannaye ba, kamar yadda a cikin wasu zaɓuɓɓuka. Wannan ya faru ne saboda lokacin ɗaukar samfurin, tunda a wannan wurin yakan faru a hankali.

Lokaci da kuma adadin gudanarwa ya dogara da nau'in wakili. Idan ruwa yana da daidaitaccen girgije, wannan magani ne tare da ganiya, don haka lokacin mafi girman hankali yana faruwa a cikin 7 hours. Ana gudanar da irin wadannan kudade sau 2 a rana.

Idan magani ba shi da irin wannan ganiya mafi girman maida hankali, kuma tasirin ya bambanta da tsawon lokaci, dole ne a gudanar da shi sau 1 a rana. Kayan aiki mai santsi ne, mai dorewa kuma mai daidaituwa. Ana samar da ruwa ta hanyar tsarkakakken ruwa ba tare da kasancewar lamuran girgije ba a kasan. Irin wannan insulin na tsawon lokaci shine Lantus da Tresiba.

Zaɓin sashi yana da matukar mahimmanci ga masu ciwon sukari, saboda ko da dare, mutum na iya yin rashin lafiya. Ya kamata kuyi la'akari da wannan kuma kuyi allurar da ta dace akan lokaci. Don yin wannan zaɓin daidai, musamman da daddare, yakamata a ɗauki matakan glucose cikin dare. Ana yin wannan mafi kyau a kowane sa'o'i 2.

Don ɗaukar shirye-shiryen insulin na dogon lokaci, mara lafiya zai zauna ba tare da abincin dare ba. Dare na gaba, mutum ya ɗauki matakan da suka dace. Mai haƙuri ya sanya dabi'un da aka samu ga likita, wanda, bayan nazarin su, zai zaɓi ƙungiyar insulins daidai, sunan ƙwayar, kuma ya nuna ainihin sashi.

Don zaɓar kashi a cikin rana, mutum ya kamata ya kwana da yunwa gaba ɗaya ya ɗauki ma'aunin glucose iri ɗaya, amma kowane sa'a. Rashin abinci mai gina jiki zai taimaka wajen tattaro cikakken hoto cikakke na canje-canje a jikin mai haƙuri.

Umarnin don amfani

Ana amfani da shirye-shiryen insulin gajere da dogon aiki a cikin marasa lafiya da ke ɗauke da ciwon sukari 1. Anyi wannan ne don adana wani ɓangare na ƙwayoyin beta, kazalika don guje wa ci gaban ketoacidosis. Marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in na biyu na ciwon sukari mellitus wani lokacin dole ne su gudanar da irin wannan magani. An yi bayani game da bukatar irin waɗannan ayyuka a sauƙaƙe: ba za ku iya ƙaddamar da sauyin ciwon sukari daga nau'in 2 zuwa 1 ba.

Bugu da kari, an wajabta insulin aiki tsawon lokaci don rage alfijir sanyin safiya kuma don daidaita matakan glucose na plasma da safe (akan komai a ciki). Don tsara waɗannan magunguna, likitanku na iya tambayar ku don yin rikodin sarrafa glucose na mako uku.

Insulin mai aiki da tsayi yana da sunaye daban-daban, amma yawancin lokuta marasa lafiya suna amfani da wannan. Irin wannan magani ba ya buƙatar girgiza shi kafin gudanarwa, ruwansa yana da launi mai tsabta da daidaito Masu kera suna samar da maganin ta fannoni da yawa: wani alkalami mai ƙarfi na OpiSet (3 ml), harsashi na Solotar (3 ml) da kuma tsarin da ke da tarin katako na OptiClick.

A cikin sashin na karshen, akwai katako guda 5, kowane 5 ml. A farkon lamari, alkalami kayan aiki ne mai dacewa, amma dole ne a sauya katako a kowane lokaci, shigar a cikin sirinji. A cikin tsarin Solotar, ba za ku iya canza ruwa ba, tunda kayan aiki ne da za a iya cirewa.

Irin wannan magani yana haɓaka samar da furotin, lipids, amfani da haɓaka ƙwaƙwalwar ƙashi da tsoka nama ta hanyar glucose. A cikin hanta, canzawar glucose zuwa glycogen yana motsawa, kuma yana rage sukarin jini.

Umarni sun ce buƙatan allura guda, kuma endocrinologist na iya ƙayyade sashi. Wannan zai dogara da tsananin cutar da ɗabi'un jariri. Sanya yara kanana sama da shekaru 6 da manya tare da kamuwa da cutar guda 1 ko nau'in ciwon sukari guda 2.

Ga mutumin da ke da cikakken rashi na insulin na hormone, makasudin magani shine mafi kusancin yiwuwar maimaita sirrin yanayi, duka asali da kuma motsawa. Wannan labarin zai gaya muku game da zaɓi na daidai na adadin insulin basal.

Tsakanin masu ciwon sukari, kalmar 'ci gaba ko da baya' ya zama sananne, domin wannan ana buƙatar isasshen ƙwayar insulin da za a dade ana yinsa.

Inganta insulin

Don su iya kwaikwayon sirrin basal, suna amfani da insulin-mai aiki. A cikin jerin masu ciwon sikari da ke fama da cutar siga, akwai wasu jumloli:

• “Long insulin”
• “Babban insulin”,
• "Basal"
• Karin insulin
• "Dogon insulin."

Duk waɗannan sharuɗɗan suna nufin - insulin aiki na tsawon lokaci. A yau, ana amfani da nau'ikan insulins guda biyu.

Insulin na matsakaici tsawon lokaci - tasirinsa ya kai zuwa awanni 16:

1. Biosulin N.
2. Insuman Bazal.
3. Protafan NM.
4. Humulin NPH.

Hasken insulin da ya dade yana aiki - yana aiki sama da awanni 16:

Levemir da Lantus sun bambanta da sauran insulins ba kawai a cikin yanayin aikinsu daban ba, har ma a cikin tabbataccen bayyaninsu na waje, yayin da rukunin farko na miyagun ƙwayoyi suna da fararen launi mai haske, kuma kafin gudanar da mulki suna buƙatar yin birgima a cikin dabino, to mafita ta zama girgije gaba ɗaya.

Wannan bambanci shine saboda hanyoyi daban-daban na samar da shirye-shiryen insulin, amma ƙari akan hakan daga baya. Magungunan matsakaiciyar tsawon lokacin aiki ana ɗaukarsu ne mafi girma, wato, a cikin aikin aikinsu, hanyar da ba a bayyana sosai ba bayyane ba, amma ga ɗan gajeren abu, amma har yanzu akwai ganiya.

Ultra-dogon aiki-insulins ana ɗaukar peakless. Lokacin zabar wani kashi na basal magani, wannan fasalin dole ne a la'akari. Koyaya, ƙa'idojin gaba ɗayan duk abubuwan insulins suna zama iri ɗaya.

Mahimmanci! Ya kamata a zaba adadin insulin da ya dade yana aiki ta hanyar da za'a kiyaye yawan glucose a cikin jini tsakanin abinci na yau da kullun. An yarda da ƙananan yaduwa a cikin kewayon 1-1.5 mmol / l.

A wasu kalmomin, tare da gwargwadon matakin da ya dace, glucose a cikin jini bai kamata ya ragu ba ko kuma, a takaice, yana ƙaruwa. Manunin ya kamata ya zama barga yayin rana.

Wajibi ne a fayyace cewa allurar insulin aiki tsawon lokaci ana yi ne a cinya ko a gindi, amma ba cikin ciki da hannu ba. Wannan ita ce hanya daya tilo da za a tabbatar da wadatar sha. 'Insulin' gajeren aiki da aka allura cikin hannu ko ciki don cimma matsakaicin ganiya, wanda ya dace da lokacin cin abinci.

Dogon insulin - kashi da daddare

Zaɓin wani kashi na tsawon insulin ana bada shawara don fara tare da kashi na dare. Mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari ya kamata ya lura da halayen glucose a cikin jini da dare. Don yin wannan, kowane awanni 3 ya zama dole don auna matakan sukari, fara daga 21 na sa'a kuma ya ƙare da 6th na safe na gobe.

Idan daya daga cikin tsaka-tsakin lokaci an lura da sauyawa mai yawa a cikin tattarawar glucose zuwa sama ko, a gefe guda, wannan yana nuna cewa an zaɓi maganin ne da kuskure.

A cikin irin wannan yanayi, ana buƙatar duba wannan sashin a cikin ƙarin daki-daki. Misali, mara lafiya yana hutu tare da glucose na 6 mmol / L. A 24:00 mai nuna alamar ya tashi zuwa 6.5 mmol / L, kuma a 03:00 ba zato ba tsammani ya tashi zuwa 8.5 mmol / L. Mutum ya hadu da safe tare da yawan sukari.

Yanayin ya nuna cewa yawan insulin da daddare bai isa ba kuma yakamata a kara kashi a hankali. Amma akwai daya “amma”!

Tare da wanzuwar irin wannan ƙaruwa (kuma mafi girma) da dare, ba koyaushe yana iya nufin rashin insulin ba. Wasu lokuta hypoglycemia yana ɓoye a ƙarƙashin waɗannan abubuwan da ke bayyana, wanda ke haifar da wani "juzu'i", wanda ke nuna karuwa a matakin glucose a cikin jini.

• Don fahimtar tsarin kara sukari da daddare, tazara tsakanin ma'aunin matakin dole ne a rage zuwa awa 1, wato, auna kowace awa tsakanin karfe 24:00 zuwa 03:00 a.
• Idan an lura da raguwar yawan glucose a wannan wuri, zai iya yiwuwa wannan ya kasance "masaniyar" ne da aka gabatar dashi tare da yin juyi. A wannan yanayin, yawan insulin na asali bai kamata ya karu ba, amma an rage shi.
• Bugu da kari, abincin da ake ci a rana shima yana shafar tasirin insulin na asali.
• Sabili da haka, don kimantawa daidai da tasirin insulin na basal, bai kamata akwai glucose da insulin gajere a cikin jini daga abinci ba.
• Don yin wannan, abincin da ya gabaci kimantawa ya kamata ya tsallake ko za a sake tsara su a farkon lokacin.

Kawai sai abincin da gajeran insulin da aka gabatar a lokaci guda baza suyi tasiri a fili hoton ba. Saboda dalili iri ɗaya, ana bada shawara don amfani da abinci na carbohydrate kawai don abincin dare, amma ware mai da furotin.

Wadannan abubuwan suna da hankali sosai kuma daga baya na iya kara yawan sukari, wanda ba a ke so don yin kwatankwacin aikin insulin na dare.

Dogon insulin - kashi na yau da kullun

Kallon insulin basal yayin rana shima sauki ne, dan dole sai anjima dan kadan, sai a dauki matakan sukari a cikin awa daya. Wannan hanyar zata taimaka tantance a cikin wanne zamani akwai karuwa, kuma a cikin wane - raguwa.

Idan wannan ba zai yiwu ba (misali, a cikin yara ƙanana), ya kamata a duba aikin insulin na lokaci-lokaci. Misali, yakamata ku tsallake karin kumallo da farko kuma ku auna kowane awa daga lokacin da kuka farka ko daga lokacin da kuka shiga insulin yau da kullun (idan an wajabta guda) har zuwa abincin rana. Bayan 'yan kwanaki bayan haka, ana maimaita tsarin tare da abincin rana, har ma daga baya tare da abincin dare.

Yawancin insulins da ke aiki tsawon lokaci dole ne a gudanar dasu sau 2 a rana (in ban da Lantus, ana allura sau ɗaya kawai).

Kula! Duk shirye-shiryen insulin da ke sama, banda Levemir da Lantus, suna da ganiya a ɓoyewa, wanda yawanci yakan faru awanni 6-8 bayan allura.

Sabili da haka, a wannan lokacin, za'a iya samun raguwa a cikin matakan glucose, wanda ake buƙatar ƙaramin kashi na "gurasar abinci".

Lokacin canza kashi na insulin basal, duk waɗannan ayyukan ana bada shawarar su maimaita su sau da yawa. Mafi muni, kwanaki 3 zasu isa sosai don tabbatar da kuzarin a wani bangare ko wata. Ana ɗaukar ƙarin matakai daidai da sakamako.

Lokacin da ake tantance insulin yau da kullun, akalla sa'o'i 4 ya kamata ya wuce tsakanin abinci, da dacewa 5. Ga waɗanda ke yin amfani da insulin gajeren lokaci maimakon ultrashort, wannan tazara ya kamata ya fi tsayi (sa'o'i 6-8). Wannan ya faru ne saboda takamaiman aikin waɗannan insulins.

Idan aka zaɓi dogon insulin daidai, zaku iya ci gaba tare da zaɓin gajeren insulin.

Ba a kula da ciwon sukari na 1 ba. Don daidaita yanayin, mai haƙuri ya kamata a kowace rana. Akwai nau'ikan kwayoyi da yawa na wannan hormone, amma ainihin a cikinsu yana ƙara insulin.

Idan ba tare da insulin ba, jiki ba zai iya aiki yadda yakamata ba. Wannan hormone yana da alhakin furotin, mai da metabolism metabolism. A cikin rashi ko rashin maida hankali, tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a jiki jinkirin. Wannan yana haifar da rikitarwa masu haɗari waɗanda zasu iya zama m.

Dukkanin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari suna buƙatar insulin, musamman kwayoyi masu amfani da dogon lokaci. Cutar na tasowa ne saboda rashi a jikin mai haƙuri wanda ke da alhakin samar da kwayoyin halittun nasu, insulin, wanda zai tsara matakan tafiyar jini da matakan glucose. Don haka, magunguna na zamani na zamani suna ba da izinin jikin mai haƙuri yin aiki yadda yakamata.

Cutar sankara tana da haɗari saboda rikitarwa. Gudanar da insulin ga mai haƙuri, alal misali, tsawaita aikin, yana hana ci gaban waɗannan rikice-rikice, wanda yawanci yakan haifar da mutuwa.

Lokacin zabar insulin matsakaici ko aiki na tsayi, sunayen waɗanda suke rikitarwa wasu lokuta, yana da mahimmanci kada kuyi magani da kansu. Idan kuna buƙatar canza magani ko daidaita sashi na yau da kullun, shawarci likita.

Iri injections

Ana tilasta wa mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari ɗaukar alluran hormone a kowace rana, kuma sau da yawa sau da yawa a rana. An gabatar da insulin yau da kullun yana taimakawa wajen kwantar da yanayin. Idan ba tare da wannan kwayoyin ba, ba shi yiwuwa a tsara sukari na jini. Ba tare da allura ba, mai haƙuri ya mutu.

Hanyoyin cututtukan cututtukan fata na zamani suna ba da nau'ikan injections da yawa. Sun bambanta cikin tsawon lokaci da saurin watsawa.

Akwai magunguna na gajarta, ultrashort, hade da tsawan aiki.

Short kuma ya fara aiki kusan nan da nan bayan gudanarwa. Ana samun saurin maida hankali ne a cikin sa'o'i ɗaya zuwa biyu, sannan sakamako injection ɗin ya ɓace a hankali. Gabaɗaya, irin waɗannan magunguna suna aiki na kimanin 4-8 hours.A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana bada shawarar yin irin wannan allurar nan da nan bayan abinci, bayan haka yawan tattarawar glucose a cikin jinin mai haƙuri ya fara karuwa.

Dogaro da insulin ya zama tushen jiyya. Yana aiki na awa 10-28, ya danganta da nau'in magani. Tsawon aikin da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya bambanta a cikin kowane haƙuri, ya danganta da yanayin cutar.

Siffofin kwayoyi masu amfani da dogon lokaci

Inganta insulin ya zama dole domin ya zama daidai yadda ake yin daidai da tsarin samar da kwayar halittar kansa a cikin mara lafiya. Akwai nau'ikan irin waɗannan kwayoyi guda biyu - magunguna na matsakaici na matsakaici (suna aiki na kimanin sa'o'i 15) da kwayoyi masu matuƙar aiki (har zuwa awanni 30).

Magunguna na tsawon matsakaici suna da wasu fasali na aikace-aikace. Insulin kanta tana da launin fari-mai launin shuɗi. Kafin gabatar da hormone, ya kamata ka cimma daidaitaccen launi.

Bayan gudanar da maganin, an lura da ƙaruwa a hankali a cikin taro na hormone. A wani lokaci, matakin da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya zo ya zo, wanda daga baya hankali ya ragu ya ragu. Sannan ya kamata a sanya sabon allura.

An zabi sashi don magani ya iya sarrafa lafiyar sukari na jini yadda ya kamata, da nisantar kaifi mai kauri tsakanin injections. Lokacin zaɓin sashi na insulin ga mai haƙuri, likita yayi la'akari da tsawon lokacin da ƙwaƙwalwar aikin miyagun ƙwayoyi ke faruwa.

Wani fasalin shine shafin allura. Ba kamar magungunan gajere ba, waɗanda aka allura cikin ciki ko hannu, an saka insulin tsayi a cinya - wannan zai baka damar cimma tasirin amfani da maganin mai laushi cikin jiki.

Wani haɓaka ne mai santsi a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta wanda ke ƙayyade tasirirsa azaman allurar tushe.

Sau nawa ake yin allura?

Akwai magunguna da yawa don insulin na tsawon lokaci. Yawancin su ana kwatanta da yanayin girgije da kuma kasancewar babban aiki, wanda ke faruwa kimanin sa'o'i 7 bayan gudanarwa. Ana amfani da irin waɗannan kwayoyi sau biyu a rana.

Ana amfani da wasu kwayoyi (Tresiba, Lantus) sau 1 a rana. Wadannan magungunan ana nuna su da tsawon lokaci na aiki da kuma ɗaukar hankali, ba tare da babban aiki ba - wato, gabatarwar hodar da ake gabatarwa tayi daidai gwargwadon tsawon lokacin aikin. Wani fasalin waɗannan magungunan shine cewa basu da haɓakar girgije kuma ana bambanta su da launi mai haske.

Likita a lokacin tattaunawar zai taimake ka ka zabi mafi kyawun magani ga wani mara lafiya. Kwararrun zai zaɓi ainihin insulin na matsakaici ko tsawaita aiki kuma ya faɗi sunayen mafi kyawun magunguna. Ba da shawarar a zabi insulin tsawanta da kanka ba.

Yadda za a zabi kashi?

Ciwon sukari baya bacci da daddare. Saboda haka, kowane mara lafiya ya san yadda yake da mahimmanci a zaɓi madaidaicin sashi na maganin don guje wa ɗibar sukari a lokacin hutun dare.

Don zaɓar gwargwadon yadda yakamata, yakamata ku auna sukarin jini kowane awa biyu na dare.

Kafin ka fara amfani da insulin, tsawan aiki, ana bada shawarar ƙin abincin dare. A cikin dare, ana auna matakin sukari, sannan, dangane da waɗannan bayanan, ana tantance mahimmancin allurar ne bayan tattaunawa da likita.

Ayyade ƙa'idodin yau da kullun na kwayoyi masu dadewa kuma suna buƙatar hanya ta musamman. Mafi kyawun zaɓi shine ƙin abinci a ko'ina cikin yini tare da ma'aunin saurin saurin matakan sukari. Sakamakon haka, da maraice, mara lafiya zai san daidai yadda sukarin jini yake aiki yayin allura tare da sakamako mai amfani da dogon lokaci.

Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa daga allura

Duk wani insulin, ba tare da la'akari da tsawon lokacin aiki ba, na iya haifar da sakamako masu illa. Yawancin lokaci, sanadin rikitarwa shine rashin abinci mai gina jiki, ƙarancin zaɓaɓɓen zaɓi, ƙeta tsarin kula da magunguna. A cikin waɗannan halayen, haɓaka sakamakon sakamako masu zuwa zai yiwu:

• bayyanar wani rashin lafiyan dauki ga miyagun ƙwayoyi,
• rashin jin daɗi a wurin allurar,
• da ci gaban hypoglycemia.

Kamar yadda kuka sani, hypoglycemia na iya haifar da rikitarwa mai mahimmanci, har zuwa cutar sankara mai ciwon sukari. Guji wannan ta bin duk umarnin da likitanku ya ba ku.

Yadda za a guji rikitarwa?

Cutar sankara cuta cuta ce mai wahala kuma tana da wahala ka iya kamuwa da ita. Koyaya, mai haƙuri ne kawai zai iya tabbatar da rayuwa mai dadi. Don yin wannan, ya zama dole a yi amfani da duk matakan da zasu taimaka wajen guje wa rikice-rikice da ƙarancin lafiya.

Dalili don lura da ciwon sukari na 1 shine allura, amma magani na kai yana da haɗari. Sabili da haka, don kowane tambayoyi game da maganin da ake gudanarwa, mai haƙuri ya kamata ya nemi likita kawai.

Don jin lafiya, kuna buƙatar cin abinci daidai. Insulin yana taimakawa sarrafa jini sugar, amma mai haƙuri dole ne ya yi duk ƙoƙari don kada ya tsokane su. Har zuwa wannan, likitoci suna ba da abinci na musamman wanda zai taimaka wajen daidaita yanayin mai haƙuri.

Duk wani magani da akayi amfani dashi don magani dole ne a yi amfani dashi da umarnin likita.