Abinda ke barazanar cutar hawan jini

Yaya za a kare kanka daga atherosclerosis? Kuna iya jin cewa kuna da ƙwayar ƙwayar jini sosai? A wane shekaru ne ya kamata ku fara lura da cholesterol din ku kuma sau nawa ya kamata kuyi nazari?

Olga Shonkorovna Oinotkinova, Likita na Kimiyyar Kimiyya, Farfesa, Daraktan Likita na Tarayyar Rasha, Babban Malami ne na Makarantar Lipidology da Cutar Kwayar cuta, Shugaban Societyungiyar Al'umma don Nazarin Lipidology da Cutar Kwayar cuta mai alaƙa.

Menene cholesterol kuma me yasa yake da haɗari?

Cholesterol abu ne mai laushi, mai mai narkewa a cikin jini wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin gina membranes cell da kuma samar da kwayoyin halitta. Cholesterol yana da mahimmanci don aiki na yau da kullun na rigakafi, juyayi, tsarin narkewa, amma idan a cikin jini akwai abubuwa da yawa fiye da yadda ake buƙata don rayuwa ta al'ada, sannu a hankali ana ajiye cholesterol a jikin bangon ciki. Wannan yana haifar da “marairayar atherosclerotic” - matattakala, mai kauri, mai yawa wanda zai narke jirgin kuma ya rage yadda yake ji. Wannan tsari shine ke haifar da irin wadannan lafuzza an kira shi da "atherosclerosis."

Bayan wani lokaci, daskararren ƙwayar tsoka na iya yin aiki a wurin da ƙwaƙwalwar atherosclerotic, wacce ke rufe jirgin ruwa gaba ɗaya, yana toshe abincin abinci mai mahimmanci. Mutuwar jirgin ruwa da ke ciyar da zuciya yakan kai ga haifar da tasirin ma'anar zuciya, toshewar jirgin da ke ciyar da kwakwalwa yana kaiwa ga bugun jini.

Amma ba za su mutu daga ƙwayar cutar cholesterol ba?

Daga gaskiyar cutar cholesterol - a'a, amma rikice-rikice masu tasowa suna haifar da mutuwa. Sakamakon atherosclerosis shine cututtukan zuciya da na zuciya kuma kamar rikicewar ƙwayar cuta ta mahaifa, cututtukan kwakwalwa na ischemic, bugun jini, babban thrombosis a cikin tasoshin da ke ciyar da narkewar abinci. Tare da lalacewar jijiyoyin bugun tsokoki, rean wasan gangami na iya haɓaka.

Shin akwai "mai kyau" da "mummunan" cholesterol?

Cholesterol baya narke cikin jini. Don canjawarsa daga sel zuwa tantanin halitta, ana amfani da jigilar jigilar - liproproteins -.

Babban sinadari na lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) yana taimakawa canja wurin cholesterol daga arteries zuwa hanta, tare da cire shi daga jiki. Ana kiran HDL cholesterol "mai kyau": babban matakin sa yana kare cutar daga zuciya. Loweraramar matakin HDL, mafi girman haɗarin cutar zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.

Darancin lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, ya bambanta, yana ɗaukar cholesterol daga hanta zuwa ƙwayoyin jikin. Yawan LDL cholesterol yana da ikon ajiyewa a cikin jijiyoyin wuya kuma ya samar da “firamis” na atherosclerotic. Lowerananan matakin LDL, mafi kyau.

Akwai kuma wani nau'in lipids wanda yake buƙatar kulawa dashi - triglycerides. Yawancinsu a cikin jini shima ba a ke so dashi ba.

Me yasa cholesterol yake tashi?

Mafi yawan lokuta, abin shine game da abinci, wato yawan cin abinci mai wadatar ƙoshin mai da yawa. Sauran abubuwanda zasu iya haifar da rage yawan aikin thyroid, gazawar koda, da kuma maye giya.

A ƙarshe, wasu mutane suna da babban matakan cholesterol saboda wata cuta mai saurin cutar - familial hypercholesterolemia.

Ana samun cholesterol a samfuran dabbobi kawai, daidai ne?

Haka ne, abincin shuka bai ƙunshi cholesterol ba. Amma wannan ba yana nufin cewa zaku iya cin kowane adadin soyayyen dankali ba, kayan kiwo mai ɗauke da man dabino, sausages da sausages. Duk wannan ma yana ba da gudummawa ga cin zarafin ƙwayar lipid a cikin jiki.

Idan ina da lafiyar hanta da ƙayyadaddun ƙwayar cuta, ba zan iya damuwa da cholesterol ba, Ina da abin da nake so, kuma ba ni da “plaques”.

A bangare guda, hakika, waɗanda ke da dalilai masu haɗari don dyslipidemia suna cikin haɗari mafi girma. A gefe guda, babu buƙatar gwada jikinku da yake aiki don ƙarfi. Idan kuka ci kitsen dabbobi da yawa, mai sauƙin narkewa da ƙwayoyi da abinci mai kuzari, wannan na iya ƙara yawan ƙwayoyin jini. Tare da sauran abubuwan haɗarin cutar zuciya, wannan zai taimaka ga ci gaban atherosclerosis kuma ba da jimawa ba ko kuma daga baya zai haifar da mummunan sakamako.

Wanne cholesterol da ake dauka a matsayin al'ada?

Jimlar cholesterol - 5 mmol / l

LDL cholesterol - kasa da 3.0 mmol / l,

HDL cholesterol - fiye da 1.2 mmol / l na mata da fiye da 1.0 mmol / l na maza.

Hakanan - kasa da 1.7 mmol / l.

Tare da wannan sakamakon, zaku iya mantawa game da cholesterol na shekaru uku zuwa hudu (muddin kuna jagorancin rayuwa mai kyau, ba shan sigari, kada ku sha barasa kuma ku ci daidai).

Babban Matsayi na cholesterol - daga 200 zuwa 239 MG% (daga 5 zuwa 6.4 mmol / l da mafi girma):

Yi la'akari da tsarin abincinku, bincika matakin ƙwaƙwalwar ku aƙalla sau biyu a shekara. Idan akwai wasu dalilai na haɗari don cututtukan zuciya, likitanku zai ba da izinin gwaje-gwaje don gano matakin da rabo na HDL da LDL.

Hadari Matsayi na cholesterol - sama da 240 mg% (6.4 mmol / l ko fiye):

Wayoyinku na cikin haɗari, akwai haɗarin cutar cututtukan zuciya. Likita zai gudanar da ƙarin gwaje-gwaje don sanin matakin LDL, HDL da triglycerides, sannan ya ba da cikakken isasshen magani.

Mutanen da ke cikin haɗarin rikice-rikice na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini (cututtukan zuciya, bugun jini, atherosclerosis na yanki, artal na koda, ciwon sukari mellitus - total cholesterol kasa da 4.5 mmol / l, LDL ƙasa da 2.5 - 1.8 mmol / l.

Ta yaya zan san cewa ina cikin hadarin kamuwa da cutar atherosclerosis?

Kuna buƙatar kula da ƙwayar cholesterol idan:

Kai mutum ne kuma ka cika shekara 40,

Ke mace ce kuma kin cika shekara 45,

Kuna da ciwon sukari

Kuna da kiba, hawan jini, cutar ta thyroid, cutar koda, yawan kiba

Bi da salon rayuwa mai santsi.

Ta yaya zan iya fahimtar cewa ina da cholesterol sosai?

Atherosclerosis ba ya ciwo kuma har zuwa wani lokaci ba a ji. Yawancin mutane masu dauke da cutar cholesterol suna jin cikakken lafiya.

Hanya guda daya wacce za'a gano game da hadarin shine a dauki gwajin jinin kwayoyin a kai a kai.

Shin gaskiya ne cewa atherosclerosis yana barazanar ƙarin maza?

Ba da gaske irin wannan ba. A cewar kididdigar, cututtukan zuciya na zuciya a cikin maza suna tasowa tun yana ƙarami, saboda haka an shawarce su dasu kula da matakan cholesterol a baya.

Mata a cikin shekarun haihuwa suna da kariya ta wani bangare ta yanayin haɓakar haɓakar su, suna da babban matakin "kyakkyawan" cholesterol idan aka kwatanta da maza. Amma tare da farawar menopause, "mummunan" cholesterol da triglycerides sun fara girma. A lokacin da suka manyanta sosai, mata, kamar maza, suna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar atherosclerosis.

A wane shekaru kake buƙatar fara saka idanu game da matakin cholesterol kuma sau nawa kake bincike?

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, atherosclerosis ya nuna "sake sabuntawa." Ko da a cikin shekaru talatin da biyar marasa lafiya wani lokacin za mu binciki cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya. Tsakanin shekarun 20 zuwa 65, matakan cholesterol na iya kara girma a hankali, wanda daga baya kadan ya ragu a cikin maza, yayin da a cikin mata yake zama kamar daidai yake.

Duk manya dole ne a yi gwajin jini a kalla a duk shekaru 5. Idan matakin cholesterol dinku ya zama na al'ada, to ya kamata kawai ku sake bincika shi bayan wasu 'yan shekaru, amma idan ya haɓaka, ko kuma tarihin gidanku yana ɗaukar nauyi daga ƙwayar cholesterol ko cututtukan zuciya, kuna buƙatar bincika shi sau da yawa.

Shin yawan ƙwayar cholesterol na iya zama barazanar yara?

Yara suna cikin haɗari idan suna da alamun maganin heperitary hypercholesterolemia (metabolism mai rauni na rashin ƙarfi). A wannan yanayin, daga farkon shekarun, yaron zai buƙaci ya lura da likitan yara - likitan zuciya. A wasu halaye, tantance matakin cholesterol a cikin yara ba lallai ba ne.

Idan yaro yana cikin haɗari, yakamata ya yi gwajin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cholesterol yana da kimanin shekaru 2.

Shin cututtukan zuciya na zuciya shine babban barazanar da ke haifar da cholesterol?

Atherosclerosis yana barazanar dukkanin jijiya. Ya danganta da inda daidai cholesterol yake zaune, cututtuka daban-daban suna haɓaka, kuma suna bayyana kansu ta hanyoyi daban-daban.

SAURARA ZUWA GA MUTANE. MAGANIN KWANKWASO NA ATHEROSCLEROSIS

Wadanne tasoshin cholesterol suke shafa?

Cututtukan zuciya na zuciya, hadarin infarction na zuciya.

Angina pectoris (jin zafi a bayan tsananin) tare da matsanancin motsa jiki ko kuma matsanancin farin ciki, jin wani nauyi a bayan tsananin, zafin rashin iska.

Cutar ciki na ciki da jijiyoyinta marasa amfani

Ischemic lalacewar tsarin narkewa

Rashin ciwo mai rauni a ƙarƙashin hanyoyin xiphoid ("bene tare da cokali") wanda ke faruwa a cikin mintina 15-20 bayan cin abinci. Bloating, maƙarƙashiya

Harin ischemic na tashin hankali, rauni na ischemic

Akai-akai na rashin ciwon kai, tinnitus, farin ciki

Ciwon koda na Ischemic

Hawan jini, haɓakar rashin aiki na koda

Artarancin jijiyoyin mahaifa

Cututtuka na jijiyoyin zuciya daga cikin ƙananan sassan

Jin bugun kafafu a cikin kafafu, jin zafi a cikin ƙwayoyin maraƙin a babban nauyin.

Wataƙila akwai wasu alamu waɗanda ke nuna cewa wani abu ne ba daidai ba ni?

Tabbas kuna buƙatar yin rajistar zuwa likitan likitanci ko likitan zuciya da wuri-wuri idan:

Lokacin da kuke motsa jiki, kuna jin ciwo mai zafi a baya daga sternum,

Wani lokacin kuna jin ciwo ɗaya lokacin da ba ku motsawa ba, amma kuna da matukar damuwa (alal misali, kalli wasan ƙwallon ƙafa ko karanta labarin mai muni a cikin jaridar) ko kuna hutawa,

Ko da tare da ɗan motsawa ta jiki (tafiya mai ƙarfi) kuna samun jin rashin isasshen iska kuma kuna son tsayawa da ɗaukar ƙarin numfashi,

Kuna lura da ƙara yawan gajiya, jin wani nauyi a bayan mafitar,

Kuna da damuwa game da ciwon kai na rashin damuwa da yawa, tinnitus, fushewa, da sauran alamun rashin isashshen oxygen.

Hankali! Har zuwa wani lokaci, ba za ku lura cewa kuna da ƙwayar cholesterol sosai - don haka yana da mahimmanci ku ɗan gwada gwaje-gwaje da tuntuɓi likitanku akai-akai.

Idan na lura da waɗannan alamun, wa zan tuntuɓa?

Yi rajista tare da likitan ku a asibitin asibitin. Zai yi gwajin farko kuma ya rubuta muku jerin karatuttukan ko rubuta wasiƙa ga ƙwararrun likitocin zuciya ko kuma likitocin gaba ɗaya - likitan lipidologist. Zai yi wuya a gano cutar atherosclerosis ba tare da sakamakon binciken ƙirar ƙwayoyin cuta da kayan aiki ba.

Yaya ake auna cholesterol?

Wataƙila, za a umurce ku da gwajin jini don cholesterol kuma a ba ku wata hanya don ECG. Bayan haka, duk ya dogara da bayanan da aka samo kuma akan dabarun da likita zai zaba muku.

A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana gudanar da samin jini daga jijiya, amma kuma ana iya tantancewa ta hanyar hanyar bayyana lokacin da aka dauki jini daga yatsa - sannan a ba da shawara a yi bincike kan komai a ciki.

Babban haɗarin babban cholesterol

A jikin mutum cikakke lafiyayyen lafiya, matakin cholesterol a cikin jini ya kamata ya bambanta daga 3.6 zuwa 7.8 mmol / lita. Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya tana da ka’idojinta, wanda bai kamata ya wuce 6 mmol / lita ba. Irin waɗannan dabi'un iyakokin suna tsoratar da saka filayen atherosclerotic a jikin jijiyoyin jini, wanda ke ƙara haɗarin bugun zuciya da bugun jini.

Idan kun yi imani tsohuwar ka'idar Soviet, matakin LDL a cikin jini bai wuce 5 mmol / lita ba. Domin Assessmentimar kimanta darajar adadin cholesterol a cikin jini na buƙatar kimantawar adadin alamomi. Da fari dai, ya zama dole a tantance girman LDL da HDL a cikin jini, sannan a kirga lissafi na atherogenic. Ta wannan hanyar ne kawai likitan likita zai iya tantance abin da ke barazanar cutar cholesterol a cikin jini

Ba shi da wahala a fahimci abin da ke haifar da cutar cholesterol. Amma wasu ba su kula sosai da wannan siga ba kuma suna ci gaba da jagorancin al'amuransu na yau da kullun. A zahiri, wannan sabon abu yana da matukar hadari ga yanayin jikin mutum, idan aka gano cewa yana dauke da kwayar cholesterol, kai tsaye ka tuntubi likitan ka.

Bugu da kari, kwayar cholesterol da ke dauke da jini na barazanar:

1. Samuwar atherosclerosis wani sabon abu ne wanda ake samun filaye a jikin kabarin jini. Saboda wannan, suna iya zama mai ruɓi, wanda ke rikicewa da kewaya jini.
2. Haɓakar angina pectoris cuta ce da ke faruwa saboda rashin isasshen ƙwayar jijiya.
3. Haɓaka mummunan cututtukan zuciya, kamar cututtukan zuciya, ischemia, bugun zuciya.
4. Samuwar jini wanda zai iya zuwa ya rufe bakin hanji.

Cutar cututtukan cututtukan zuciya da aka lissafa a sama ana haifar da su ne da farko saboda rikicewar jijiyoyin jini. Saboda wannan, myocardium - jakar tsoka - yana karbar isasshen abinci mai gina jiki. Wannan sabon abu yana haifar da karuwa a cikin lahani da rage darajar cholesterol. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a bincika waɗannan kitse na jini.

Abubuwa masu yawa na iya shafar alamun alaƙar cholesterol, daga cikinsu akwai:

• Cin abinci mai yawan kitse. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, kashi 80% na cholesterol suna fitar da jiki daga abinci. A saboda wannan dalili, idan kuna son yin rayuwa mai tsayi da lafiya, fara sa ido kan abincinku. Yin sakaci yana barazanar haɓakar hypercholesterolemia.
• Yawan kiba. Irin wannan matsalar tana shafar bayyanar mutum ba kawai, amma zai iya lalata yanayin lafiyar sa sosai. A jikin irin waɗannan mutane, yawan lipoproteins mai yawa yana da kaɗan, kuma low - haɓaka matakin. Saboda wannan, kullun a kan samar da allunan jini.
• Jagoranci rayuwa mara amfani. A cikin tasirin sa, wannan yanayin yana kama da wanda ya gabata. Rashin motsa jiki yana shafan yawan amfani mai da illa ga cholesterol, yana sanya jijiyoyin jini a jiki. Wannan yana haifar da toshewar su, wanda ke tsokani ci gaban babban rikitarwa. Idan saboda dalilai na kiwon lafiya ba za ku iya shiga wasanni ba, yi ƙoƙarin yin tafiya kowace rana a cikin iska mai tsawan minti 30 zuwa 40.
• Tsarin kwayoyin halitta. Idan danginku sun sami matsalolin zuciya na tsararraki da yawa, wannan babban dalili ne don yin tunani game da salon rayuwar ku. Kar a manta a dauki gwajin jini a kai a kai don gano kwalakwala.
• Shekaru sama da shekaru 50. Lokacin da jiki ya fara tsufa, haɓaka matakin cholesterol a cikin jininsa yana faruwa ba tare da tasirin abubuwan abubuwan waje ba. A saboda wannan dalili, a wannan lokacin na rayuwar ku, ya kamata ku mai da hankali sosai ga lafiyarku da ayyukanku na zahiri. Hakanan, kar a manta ziyartar kwararrun likitan ku a kai a kai. Yin watsi da shawarwarin an cike su da mummunan rikice-rikice.
• Matsaloli tare da glandar thyroid - malfunctions a cikin aikin wannan jikin, wanda ke da alhakin samar da wasu kwayoyin halittar jiki, na iya haifar da karuwa a cikin yawan ƙwayoyin cholesterol a cikin jini. Irin waɗannan abubuwan ana buƙatar su musamman ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari da kuma cututtukan jini. Duk wani rashin lafiyar thyroid zai iya ganewa ta hanyar asarar gashi, amai, da kuma saurin gajiya.
• Amfani da samfuran kiwo - a cikin haɗin su zaka iya samun mayuka na musamman waɗanda ba su dace da jikin tsoho ba. Saboda wannan, matakan cholesterol a cikin jini ya hauhawa. Da farko, kuna buƙatar barin man shafawa, margarines da cheeses. Hakanan, kar ku ci abincin da ke ɗauke da adadin ƙwayar dabino ko kwakwa.
• Shan taba da shan giya - waɗannan munanan halaye guda biyu suna ba da gudummawa ga rage ƙwayar cholesterol, wanda ke haifar da haɓaka LDL.Saboda wannan, faratis ya fara yin kama, wanda zai iya zama m.

Cholesterol wani sinadari ne wanda dole ne ya kasance cikin wani yanayi a jikin kowane mutum. Ya kamata a bincika ƙarar sa akai-akai tare da gwajin jinin gwaje-gwaje.

Game da kara darajar, likitan ku zai rubuto muku magunguna. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a gare ku ya bayyana muku abin da ke haifar da cholesterol mai hawan jini. Yin watsi da irin wannan karkatarwa na fuskantar barazanar da ke tattare da rikice-rikice da ke dagula ingancin rayuwa.

Game da cholesterol

Cholesterol (cholesterol) shine sinadaran mahadi wanda ya kasance mai hadarin kamshi. Tsarin sunadarai shine giya mai narkewa, mai narkewa a cikin tsarar kwayoyin kuma talauci cikin ruwa. Abubuwan sun samo sunan Helenanci χολή (bile). Kolostarol na jini, wanda hanta ke samar dashi, ana daukar shi abu mai mahimmanci. Abune mai mahimmanci na membranes na dabbobi da ƙwayoyin shuka, abu ne don gina bitamin D-gami da kwayoyin hodar iblis, ciki har da jima'i.

Yawan cakuda cholesterol a cikin jirgin ruwa

Cholesterol yana watsa kwayoyi masu guba ta cikin membrane ta salula. A ƙarshe, ba tare da wannan barasa mai ƙima ba, narkewar al'ada ba zai yiwu ba, tunda ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta shine farkon abubuwan bile acid.

Cholesterol da ke gudana yakan zama cikin jini. Daga kyallen, ko kuma narkewa, ana aika shi zuwa hanta, yana cikin halayen bile. Kwayar cholesterol wacce aka samar a cikin hanta, cholesterol tana ratsa jini zuwa ga kasusuwa. Movementarfafa ƙwayar cholesterol yana faruwa a cikin nau'i na mahadi tare da furotin na furotin.

Akwai nau'ikan cholesterol da yawa:

• Poarancin lipoproteins mai yawa (LDL), LDL, ko β-lipoproteins. Ana ɗaukar cholesterol daga hanta zuwa ƙwayoyin nama. An tsara shi don jigilar cholesterol daga hanta zuwa kyallen. Wannan shi ne "mummunan" cholesterol, wanda ya wuce gona da iri a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jini, da ke haifar da barkewar cholesterol,
• Poarancin wadataccen lipoproteins (VLDL), VLDL. Suna jigilar mai. Suna rushe a cikin jiki, sabili da haka, kar a zano kan bangon jijiyoyin jini. Koyaya, wani ɓangaren VLDL an canza shi zuwa LDL, sabili da haka, ana ɗaukar wannan cholesterol mara kyau,
• Girma (HDL), HDL. Canja wurin daukar kwayar zarra daga gabobin zuwa hanta don zubarwa. Wannan yana da kyau “cholesterol”.

Ana ɗaukar matakan HDL mai kyau alama ce mai kyau: babban cholesterol a cikin jini sau da yawa yana zuwa hanta. A can, cholesterol yana aiki kuma bazai fada akan bangon jijiyoyin jini ba.

Ana ɗaukar cholesterol a cikin mmol / l. Ka'idar cholesterol na jini shine 5.7 ± 2.1 mmol / l. Koyaya, idan matakan cholesterol suka wuce 5 mmol / l, ana ɗaukar cholesterol a matsayin haɓaka. Dangantaka tsakanin HDL da LDL + VLDL tana da mahimmanci. Ana ɗaukar matakin HDL mafi girma. Idan wannan ba haka bane, kuna buƙatar sake duba tsarin abincin kuma kuyi bincike. Lokacin da wannan rabo yake ƙasa, me ake nufi? Mutum yana da alamar cutar atherosclerosis na jijiyoyin jini.

Alamu don bincike

A cikin tsarin nazarin nazarin halittu, an ƙaddara adadin cholesterol. Abubuwan da ake buƙata don mai ba da gudummawar jini mai kyauta shine daidaitattun - bayar da gudummawar jini akan komai a ciki. Kashegari, kada ku ci kitse, kada ku sha giya, kada ku sha taba a ranar gwaji na jini.

Eterayyade cholesterol na jini ya zama dole don waɗannan rukuni na masu zuwa:

• Masu ciwon sukari
• Tare da hypofunction na thyroid gland shine yake,
• Masu ɗaukar nauyi fiye da kima,
• Marasa lafiya tare da alamun asibiti na atherosclerosis,
• Marasa lafiya waɗanda suka daɗe suna shan maganin steroid,
• Menopause
• Maza> Shekaru 35.

Sanadin Hypercholesterolemia

Ana kulawa da zubar da jini tare da cholesterol a matsayin haɗarin haɗari ga haɓakar atherosclerosis.

Akwai dalilai masu zuwa don kara yawan LDL + VLDL + HDL:

• Yawancin LDL + VLDL akan HDL saboda lahani na haihuwa,
• Kiba Cholesterol yana nufin mahadi mai-mai narkewa, saboda haka ana ajiye adadin sa a cikin mai mai mai mutum,
• Rashin daidaitaccen tsarin cin abinci: excessaci dabba mai wuce haddi tare da rashi na bitamin da ƙwayoyin shuka,
• Adinamiya
• Hypofunction na thyroid gland shine yake,
• Ciwon sukari mellitus
• Add buri ga taba. Nikotine yana tsokanar spasms na jijiyoyin jiki da haɓaka aikin LDL + VLDL,
• Damuwa Yana haifar da jihohi masu rikitarwa na tasoshin jini, wanda ya kawo cikas ga hanyar hypercholesterolemia.

Hypercholesterolemia yana tasowa a hankali. Da farko, asymptomatic ne, sannan alamun cututtukan haɓaka. Menene ke haifar da cutar cholesterol a cikin jini da alamunta? Matsaloli masu zuwa:

• Bayyanar latsa, matse mai zafi a bayan jijiya, bayyanar cututtukan zuciya, bayyanar gazawar numfashi tare da ƙaramar jijiyar jiki,
• Necrosis na myocardial site. Yana bayyana kanta a matsayin m, yankan zafi a cikin rami kirji,
• Atherosclerosis na ma'adanai na hanji - wanda aka nuna ta hanyar tashin zuciya, rashi, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa da ɓoye hangen nesa,
• Matsalar wata gabar jiki. Ciwon ciki a cikin kwakwalwa,
• Bayanin rikicewar rikice - rikicewar yanayin rarrashi saboda yanayin toshe hanyoyin lamuran jini,
• Bayyanar xanthelasma wani lebur ne, mai launin shuɗi, ƙaramin tsari wanda ya ƙunshi sinadarin cholesterol wanda ya fito daga saman fata. Located a kan eyelids, kusa da hanci. Ba su ji rauni ba, kada su juya zuwa kayan tarihin oncological.

Sabili da haka, mutane suna haɗuwa da cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin jiki suna buƙatar sarrafa matakan cholesterol a cikin manya da yara.

Abincin warkewa

Tare da abinci, ba fiye da 20% na cholesterol da kewaya ko'ina cikin jikin yana shiga cikin jiki. Koyaya, ƙungiyar abinci mai warkewa tana da tasirin gaske akan cutar. Bugu da kari, akwai samfurori don rage cholesterol.

Abincin warkewa don mummunar cholesterol yana ba da hani ko haɓaka yawancin samfurori daga abincin yau da kullun.

Wadannan sun hada da:

• Nama mai nama,
• Hanta
• Ma mayonnaise
• Margarine
• Kwai yolks
• Kirim mai tsami
• Nonfat kayayyakin kiwo,
• Kwakwalwar naman sa.

Akwai tebur da ke nuna cholesterol a cikin abinci. An ba da shawarar yin tsarin abincin don ya ƙunshi ba> 350 MG na cholesterol.

Tebur Cholesterol Tebur

Likitocin sun ba da shawarar wadataccen abinci tare da waɗannan abinci:

• Legumes - peas, lentils. wake, kaza, soya. Sun ƙunshi mahimmancin abubuwa na pectin da ƙwayoyin tsirrai, waɗanda ke rage ɗaukar lipids daga bututun hanji,
• Ganye - faski, alayyafo, ganyen albasa da tafarnuwa. Waɗannan samfuran suna nuna kaddarorin anti-atherogenic - ba su taurara sakamakon ƙwaƙwalwar cholesterol,
• A tafarnuwa. Allicin ya tsoma baki tare da kirar cholesterol,
• Kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu launi ja. Sun ƙunshi polyphenols, suna haɓaka aikin kwalayen "mai kyau",
• Kayan lambu - kayan masara, waken soya, sunflower, zaitun. Ya ƙunshi phytosterols masu kama da “mai kyau” cholesterol,
• Kifin Abinci. Suna haɓaka abun cikin "cholesterol" mai kyau cikin jini.

Abincin da ke da babban cholesterol yana buƙatar daidaita shi ta hanyar adadin kuzari da duk abubuwan gina jiki. Ku ci sau shida a rana a cikin ƙaramin rabo. Don cin abincin dare kafin gado, an sanya dokar hana fita.

Cikakken magani, ban da abinci, ya ƙunshi ƙa'idodi masu zuwa:

• Takwas awa barci, hutawa mai kyau,
• Yarda da barci, hutawa, abinci mai gina jiki,
• Shan taba da barasa,
• Horar da ilimin halayyar dan adam. Kariya daga hauhawar tunani,
• Yaki da adynamia. Yin caji, gudana, tafiya, keke,
• Yaki da kiba Cikakken magani ga cututtukan cututtukan fata.

Magungunan magungunan gargajiya

Kulawa da ƙwayar cholesterol tare da magunguna na mutum ya sauko zuwa ga amfani da samfuran ganye wanda zai iya cire "mummunan" cholesterol daga jiki ko kuma haɓaka samar da "kyakkyawa".

Yawan cin abinci na yau da kullun na adadin ƙwayoyin tafarnuwa biyu ko uku na iya haifar da babban cholesterol zuwa al'ada. Tafarnuwa za'a iya dandano shi da lemun tsami ko zuma. Magunguna da aka samo ta hanyar haɗawa da tafarnuwa mai narkewa (200 g) tare da cokali biyu na zuma da ruwan 'ya'yan itace da aka matse daga lemun tsami-matsakaici ana ɗaukar shahara.

An rufe miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da murfi kuma an cinye shi a cikin yawan - teaspoon a kowace rana. Ana adana samfurin a cikin firiji.

Ana amfani da ingantaccen magani akan cholesterol sosai kamar hawthorn (alba). Its tincture barasa an yi tattali ta hanyar cakuda daidai kundin 'ya'yan itace cikakke waɗanda aka watsa cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara da kuma Ruhun vini. Abubuwan da ke warkewa na maganin hawthorn sune furanni da 'ya'yan itatuwa alba masu kyau. Alcohol tincture an shirya shi daga furanni, kuma ana yin shayi daga 'ya'yan itatuwa da aka bushe.

Hawthorn tincture

Sauran abubuwa masu aiki

Suna ba da gudummawa ga daidaituwar matakan cholesterol jini, hatsin rai Bran, sha'ir sha'ir, ƙwayar gyada. Tannins da ke cikin koren shayi sun sami damar ɗaure fiye da sinadarin "mara kyau".

Bai kamata ku zama mai girman kai da magani ba. Abubuwa masu kwayar halitta na asalin halitta suna iya yin lahani idan anyi amfani dasu da kyau. Sabili da haka, tattaunawa tare da gwani wajibi ne.

Magungunan magani

Idan an gano mai haƙuri da cutar atherosclerosis da magani mara amfani da magani ba ya ba da tasiri, koma zuwa wurin magani.

Ana amfani da magunguna masu zuwa ga cholesterol a mafi yawancin sune:

• Statins Ka'idar aiki na statin shine hana enzyme da ke tattare da tasirin cholesterol. Ainihin jiyya yana da tsawo,
• Vasilip. Ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da taka tsantsan a ƙarƙashin kulawar likita, tunda akwai yawancin contraindications,
• Torvacard. Yana inganta rabo mai kyau da kyau cholesterol. Yana hana cututtukan jini da zuciya.

Akwai magunguna na fibrate da yawa waɗanda ke haɓaka cholesterol masu kyau.

Kula da cutar na buƙatar ƙoƙari da kuɗi da yawa fiye da rigakafin. Babban aikin rigakafin ya kamata a yi la’akari da kawar da munanan halaye tare da samun kyawawan halaye. Muna fatan mun baku amsar abin da ke cikin cholesterol mai hawan jini, menene, menene alamuncinta da kuma haddasawa, da kuma yadda za'a magance magunguna.

Menene cholesterol?

Za'a iya daukar tasirin cholesterol shine matsalar da ta zama ruwan dare a duniyar yau.

Mafi sau da yawa, wannan ilimin yana faruwa a cikin wakilan maza rabin yawan maza, wanda ke da alaƙa da haɗuwa da karfi ga halayen cutarwa, ban da wannan, galibi maza sun fi cin abinci da abinci mai ƙiba fiye da mata.

Matakan lipids yana shafar sigari, shan giya, rayuwa mai kauri, da kuma yawan damuwa.

Matsalolin da ke tasowa saboda karuwar ƙwayoyin cholesterol a cikin maza suna bayyana sau da yawa, fara daga shekaru 35.

Mutumin da ke da lafiya a cikin jini yana da ma'aunin cholesterol da ƙasa da 5.0 mmol / L. Likitoci suna magana ne game da karuwar ƙwayoyin jini a cikin abin da wannan alamar ta tashi daga al'ada, sama da na uku.

Cholesterol giya ce mai kitse.

A magani, masana sun bambanta nau'ikan cholesterol:

1. Babban Liarancin Lipoproteins (HDL).
2. Poarancin yawa na Lipoproteins (LDL).
3. Lipoproteins na tsaka-tsaki mai tsayi.
4. Lowarancin wadataccen lipoproteins.

Poarancin lipoproteins mai yawa ana kiransu mummunan cholesterol. Babban lipoproteins mai yawa yana taimakawa rage LDL.

Matsayi na cholesterol ya dogara da dalilai masu yawa, daga cikinsu akwai masu mahimmancin gaske:

• kiba
• tsinkayar gado zuwa atherosclerosis,
• hauhawar jini
• shan taba
• ciwon sukari mellitus
• karancin amfani kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa,
• sama da shekara 40
• cututtukan zuciya
• Rayuwa mara aiki (ƙungiyar haɗari - direbobi, ma'aikatan ofis),
• zagi da mai, mai dadi, soyayyen abinci mai gishiri, giya.

Bugu da ƙari, haɓakar ƙwayar cholesterol tana faruwa lokacin da ake amfani da wasu kwayoyi yayin aikin jiyya.

Ka'idar cholesterol a jikin dan adam

Yawan lipids an ƙaddara ta hanyar yin gwajin jini na gwajin jini.

Matakan wannan bangaren ya dogara da jinsi da shekaru.

A cikin jikin mace, maida hankali ne na lipoproteins yana cikin kwanciyar hankali har zuwa farkon farawar haila da canje-canje na hormonal dangane da lalata aikin aikin haihuwa.

A daidai da ka'idojin da aka yarda da mutum gaba ɗayan mutum, adadi na 5.0-5.2 mmol / L ana ɗaukar shi al'ada ne. Anara yawan lipoprotein zuwa 6.3 mmol / L shine mafi girman yarda. Tare da haɓaka fiye da 6.3 mmol / L, ana ɗauka cholesterol a sama.

A cikin jini, cholesterol yana cikin nau'ikan daban-daban. Ga kowane ɗayan waɗannan nau'ikan mahadi akwai ƙaddara ta dabi'a. Wadannan alamun suna dogara ne da shekaru da jinsi na mutum.

Tebur yana nuna alamun al'ada na lipoproteins na nau'ikan nau'ikan mata, dangane da shekaru, a mmol / L.

Da ke ƙasa akwai sakamakon matsakaici na binciken abubuwan da ke tattare da nau'o'in lipoproteins a cikin maza, dangane da shekaru.

Dangane da bayanan da aka gabatar, ana iya yanke shawara cewa tarawar cholesterol, duka mata da maza, ya dogara ne da alamu kai tsaye, mafi girman shekaru, mafi girman abubuwanda ke cikin sashin jini.

Bambanci tsakanin mace da namiji shi ne cewa a cikin maza yawan shan barasa yakan kai shekaru 50, kuma bayan ya kai ga wannan zamani, raguwa a cikin wannan siga yana farawa.

Abubuwan da ke Shafar Tasirin Lipoprotein

Lokacin fassara sakamakon gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje, yakamata a yi la'akari da abubuwa da yawa waɗanda zasu iya yin tasiri ga mai nuna alamun lipids a cikin jinin mutum.

Don mata, a cikin alamomin fassara, ya kamata a la'akari da lokacin haila tare da kasancewar ciki.

Bugu da kari, yakamata ayi la'akari dashi yayin aiwatar da sakamakon binciken da aka samu na binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje kamar su:

1. Lokaci na shekara yayin binciken.
2. Kasancewar wasu cututtuka.
3. Kasancewar mummunan cutar neoplasms.

Ya danganta da lokacin shekara, abun cikin cholesterol na iya raguwa ko haɓaka. Amintaccen abu ne sananne cewa a cikin lokacin sanyi, yawan ƙwayar cholesterol yana ƙaruwa da kashi 2-4%. Irin wannan karkatarwa daga matsakaiciyar aiki al'ada ne.

A cikin matan da suka isa haihuwa yayin haila a farkon rabin haila, ana lura da ƙaruwa 10%, wanda ake ganin al'ada ne.

Lokacin haihuwar lokaci ne kuma lokacin da ake samun gagarumin ci gaba a matakin lipoproteins.

Kasancewar cututtuka irin su angina pectoris, ciwon sukari mellitus, hauhawar jini a cikin babban lokacin ci gaba yana tsoratar da haɓakar ƙwayoyin cholesterol.

Kasancewar rashin lafiyar neoplasms yana haifar da raguwa sosai a cikin yawan ƙwayar lipid, wanda aka bayyana shi ta hanyar haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta.

Samuwar ƙwayoyin cuta yana buƙatar adadi mai yawa na mahadi daban-daban, gami da giya mai kitse.

Me ke haifar da cutar cholesterol?

Ana gano kasancewar babban kwalabe yayin gudanar da bincike na yau da kullun ko lokacin da aka kwantar da maraice a asibiti a asibiti tare da alamun cutar bugun zuciya ko bugun jini.

Rashin matakan kariya da kuma kiyaye rayuwa mara kyau, haka nan kuma hana daukar gwaje-gwaje, ya shafi yanayin lafiyar mutane a nan gaba.

Kasancewar babban sinadarin lipoproteins a cikin jini yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa LDL yana tsinkaye. Wannan labulen yana sanya ajiya a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jini a cikin nau'ikan kwalliyar cholesterol.

Samuwar waɗannan adibas yana haifar da ci gaban atherosclerosis.

Samuwar filaye yana haifar da rikice-rikice a cikin samar da jini ga gabobin, wanda hakan ke haifar da rashin abinci mai gina jiki a cikin sel da kuma iskar oxygen.

Jirgin ruwa mara kyau yana haifar da bayyanar cututtukan zuciya da haɓakar angina pectoris.

Likitocin zuciya sun lura cewa hauhawar yawan lipids a cikin jini yana haifar da ci gaban cututtukan zuciya da bugun jini.

Komawa ga rayuwa ta al'ada bayan bugun zuciya da bugun jini aiki ne mai wahala da ke buƙatar dogon lokacin dawowa da ƙoshin lafiya.

Game da haɓaka da yawan ƙwayoyin lipids, mutane suna haɓaka ƙarancin ƙarfi a cikin aikin ƙashin bayan lokaci, kuma ana yin rikodin bayyanar jin zafi yayin motsi.

Bugu da kari, tare da babban abun ciki na LDL:

• bayyanar xanthomas da launin rawaya shekaru a saman fatar,
• nauyi da kiba
• bayyanar matsananciyar zafin rai a cikin zuciya.

Bugu da ƙari, haɓaka mummunan cholesterol yana haifar da fitowar hanji a ciki sakamakon adon mai a cikin rami na ciki. Wannan yana haifar da rudani a cikin aikin narkewa.

Lokaci guda tare da abubuwan da aka lissafa, ana lura da rashin aiki na tsarin numfashi, tunda akwai yawan kiba da huhun huhu.

Bala'i a cikin jini wurare dabam dabam a sakamakon samuwar cholesterol filayen sanya tsokane jini na jini, wanda barnatar da shafi aiki na tsakiya juyayi tsarin. Kwakwalwar mutum ba ta samun isasshen abinci mai gina jiki.

Lokacin da aka toshe hanyoyin da ke cikin jijiyoyin jini masu kawo ƙwaƙwalwa, ana lura da yunwar oxygen da ke cikin ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa, kuma wannan yana haifar da ci gaban bugun jini.

Increasearuwar triglycerides na jini yana haifar da haɓakar cutar koda da cututtukan zuciya.

Haɓaka bugun zuciya da bugun jini shine dalilin karuwar mutuwar ɗan adam tare da ƙaruwa da yawan LDL a cikin jini. Rtarfe rai daga waɗannan cututtukan kusan 50% na duk lokuta da aka rubuta.

Katangar jijiyoyin jiki sakamakon samuwar plaque da thrombus yana haifar da ci gaban gangrene.

Babban matakan low lipoproteins mai yawa na iya taimakawa wajen ci gaban ma'adanai arteriosclerosis. Wannan na iya haifar da bayyanar cututtukan zuciya. A wasu halaye, yana yiwuwa a bincikar mutum mai cutar Alzheimer.

A wasu yanayi, karuwar yawan lipoproteins mai ƙarancin ƙarfi na iya nuna cewa mutum yana da matsalolin kiwon lafiya a matakin ƙwayar cuta.

Tare da karuwa a cikin cholesterol ba tare da kulawa ba, matsaloli na iya faruwa a cikin hanta, a wannan yanayin, samuwar duwatsu cholesterol yana faruwa.

Arin cholesterol shine babban dalilin haɓakar atherosclerosis

A karon farko, tunanin da yake nuna kwayar cutar cholesterol shine mafi mahimmancin dalilin atherosclerosis wanda N. Anichkov ya kirkira a farkon karni na ƙarshe.

Samuwar adibas na giya mai yawa yana haifar da haifar da ƙwanƙwasa jini a wuraren adana kuɗi.

Tare da ci gaba na ilimin pathology, rabuwa ko rushewar thrombus na iya faruwa, wannan yana haifar da bayyanar cututtuka masu zurfi.

Daga cikin mafi yawan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan da ke faruwa sanadiyyar lalacewar adana cholesterol sune:

1. A farko na kwatsam mutuwar zuciya.
2. Ci gaban huhun huhu.
3. Ci gaban bugun jini.
4. Haɓaka bugun zuciya tare da ciwon sukari.

A cikin ƙasashen da yawan jama'arta ke fama da cutar LDL, yawan cutar cututtukan zuciya yana da girma sama da ƙasa a cikin ƙasashen da ake gano adadi kaɗan na mutane da ke da wadataccen abinci mai ɗumbin yawa.

Lokacin gudanar da bincike na dakin gwaje-gwaje don abubuwan da ke cikin LDL, ya kamata a tuna cewa rage adadin wannan bangaren shima ba a so ga jiki. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa wannan rukuni na abubuwa yana hana haɓakar ƙwayar cuta da rashin lafiyar jijiya.

Bugu da ƙari, kasancewar jikin mutum na mummunan mummunan ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin tasirin al'ada yana hana haɓakar ƙwayoyin neoplasms.

Zai yiwu sakamakon sakamakon atherosclerosis a cikin ciwon sukari a cikin bidiyo a wannan labarin.

Menene cholesterol

Wannan daya ne daga cikin wadancan kwayoyin halittar da ke jikin mutum, ba tare da hakan yana da matukar wahala mutum ya rayu ba, idan ba haka bane, ba zai yiwu ba. Wannan fili na sunadarai shine tushen wasu abubuwa masu aiki da kayan halitta wadanda suke samarda jiki ga aiki mai mahimmanci. Ba zai yiwu ba tare da shi ba, amma a adadi mai yawa yana haifar da rikitarwa mai yawa da yanayi mai raɗaɗi wanda ya shafi rayuwar mutum sosai.

Mene ne mummunan tasirin cholesterol

Prolongara yawanta a cikin yawan ƙwayar cholesterol na ba da gudummawa ga tsarin jijiyoyin bugun gini. Wannan yanayin ana kiransa atherosclerosis, kuma asalinsa shine ƙananan ƙwayoyin halitta suna fitowa a gado na jijiyoyin bugun gini. Ruwaye suna haifar da yanayi don toshewa ko kuma ganuwar jini. Ya danganta da inda aka toshe hanyoyin jini, ana iya jera cututtukan cututtukan da ke haifar da cutar raunuka na atherosclerotic.

Rashin wadataccen jini na oxygen a cikin tasoshin jini na kwakwalwa saboda atherosclerosis yana haifar da hypoxia. Wannan zai bayyana kansa a matsayin yanayin barazanar rayuwa wanda ke haifar da nakasassu ga mutum.

4. Ciwon koda na koda

Idan tasoshin kodan saboda kasancewar wurarenda ke cikin atherosclerotic plaques suka fara samun karancin iskar oxygen da abinci mai gina jiki, wannan zai sami tasiri a aikin kodan. Rashin cire abubuwa masu cutarwa daga jiki ta hanyar fitsarin urinary zai haifar da mummunan cuta a cikin mutane.

Kirkirar jini a koina a jikin mutum na iya haifar da cututtuka da dama sakamakon karancin abinci mai gina jiki da isashshen sunadarin oxygen tare da jini. Kowane ɗayansu, a ƙarshe, yana shafar lafiyar, inganci da tsawon rai.

2. Matsalar metabolism

Cututtukan da mutum yake samu a tsawon rayuwarsa. Suna iya haifar da canji a cikin taro na cholesterol a cikin jini. Zai yi kyau, aƙalla a taƙaice, a ambace su:

- cutar hanta (cholecystitis, hepatitis, cholestasis),

- pathology na endocrine (mellitus na ciwon sukari, ciwan adrenal, hypothyroidism).

4. Magunguna

Idan akwai cututtukan mahalli na cikin gida kuma idan ba zai yiwu a shawo kan cututtukan da aka samu ba, to ya kamata ku sha magungunan da likitan ya umarta wanda zai rage adadin cholesterol a cikin jini.

Babban adadin cholesterol a cikin jinin mutum kusan koyaushe yana haifar da cutar sankara. Cutar mahaifa da sikari mai narkewa - a lokacinmu, wannan shine babban dalilin mace-mace mai yawan gaske. Za'a iya hana su kawai idan kun bi tsarin hypocholesterol, jagoranci rayuwa mai aiki da lafiya kuma, idan ya cancanta, shan magunguna na musamman.