Menene nau'in ciwon sukari na 2?

Kwayar ta samar da sinadarin horarwa, wanda ke ba sel damar canza glucose zuwa makamashi. A cikin mutane masu ciwon sukari na 2, ana samar da wannan hormone, amma ba a amfani dashi da isasshen aiki. Likitoci suna kiran wannan juriya ta insulin. Da farko dai, sinadarin dake dauke da sinadarin insulin sunadarai sosai, suna kokarin rama karfin juriya da insulin. Amma a ƙarshe, sukari jini ya fara tashi. Yawanci, nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ana haifar dashi ta haɗuwa da waɗannan dalilai masu zuwa:

• Kiba mai yawa da kiba na iya haifar da jurewar insulin, musamman idan aka sanya karin fam a kusa da kugu. A halin yanzu, yawan masu ciwon sukari a cikin yara da matasa sun karu, wanda ke da alaƙa da yawan kibarsu.
• Maganin cutar metabolism. Mutanen da ke jure insulin yawanci suna da cutar hawan jini, mai mai yawa a cikin kugu, da kuma matakan glucose, cholesterol, da kuma triglycerides na jini.
• Yawan yawan glucose a hanta. Lokacin da aka saukar da sukari na jini, hanta ya haɗu da ɓoye glucose. Bayan cin abinci, a matsayin mai mulkin, matakin glycemia ya tashi, hanta ta fara adana glucose don gaba. Amma a wasu mutane, waɗannan ayyukan hanta ba su da illa.
• Rarraba ma'amala tsakanin sel. Wasu lokuta a cikin kwayoyin jikin mutum akwai matsaloli da ke hana su amfani da insulin ko glucose, wanda hakan na iya haifar da ciwon sukari na 2.

Abubuwan da ke biyo baya suna kara haɗarin ciwon sukari na 2:

• Shekaru (shekaru 45 da ƙari).
• Kusa da dangi (iyaye, 'yar uwa ko ɗan'uwana) tare da wannan cutar.
• Rashin aiki na jiki.
• Shan taba.
• Damuwa
• Yawancin bacci ko kadan.

Hoto na asibiti

Bayyanar cututtukan ciwon sukari suna tasowa daga gaskiyar cewa yawancin glucose suna kasancewa cikin jini kuma ba'a amfani dashi don makamashi. Jikin yayi qoqarin cire yalwar sa a cikin fitsari. Babban bayyanar cututtuka na ciwon sukari na kowane nau'in:

• Fitsarin yawan fitsari (polyuria), musamman da dare.
• Babban ƙishirwa.
• Babban gajiya.
• Rage nauyi.
• Itching a kusa da genitals ko m lokuta na murkushe.
• Saurin warkar da kowane irin cutarwa da raunuka.
• Rashin gani.

Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, waɗannan alamomin suna haɓaka a hankali a cikin shekaru da yawa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa yawancin marasa lafiya ba su san cutar su na dogon lokaci. Ganowa da wuri da kuma maganin cututtukan type 2 suna da matukar muhimmanci, domin yana iya rage haɗarin rikice-rikice nan gaba.

Binciko

Don bincika nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, likitoci suna gudanar da gwajin jini da fitsari don tantance matakin glucose.

• Glycosylated haemoglobin - yana nuna matsakaiciyar yawan sukarin jini a cikin watanni 2 zuwa 3 da suka gabata.
• Azumtar Gumi - Ana auna sukari na jini a cikin komai a ciki (kada ayi amfani da wani abu banda ruwa na tsawon awanni 8 kafin bincike).
• Gwajin haƙuri na gwajin jini - an bincika matakin glycemia kafin da kuma awanni 2 bayan shan giya mai zaki. Yana ba ku damar kimanta yadda jiki ke sarrafa sukari.

Tashin hankali

Idan babu magani yadda yakamata, cutar sankarau na iya haifar da matsaloli daban-daban. Gluara yawan glucose na jini yana lalata tasoshin jini, jijiyoyi da gabobin jiki daban-daban. Ko da mai laushi mara nauyi wanda ba ya haifar da kowane alamu na iya samun illa mai daɗewa ga lafiyar:

• Zuciya da kwakwalwa. A cikin mutum mai ciwon sukari, haɗarin cutar zuciya da bugun jini yana ƙaruwa sau 5. Tsawan matakan glucose mai tsawo na haɓaka da yiwuwar rashin atherosclerosis, a cikin abin da tasoshin jini ke kunkuntar da filaye. Wannan yana haifar da lalacewa cikin wadatarwar jini zuwa zuciya da kwakwalwa, wanda zai iya haifar da angina pectoris, bugun zuciya, ko bugun jini.
• Peripheral jijiyoyi. Hyperglycemia na iya lalata ƙananan tasoshin a cikin jijiyoyi, wanda ke haifar da nakasawar jijiyoyi a hannu da kafafu. Idan jijiyoyin narkewar hanji suka shafa, mai haƙuri na iya fuskantar tashin zuciya, amai, zawo, ko maƙarƙashiya.
• Rashin maganin ciwon sukari. Abubuwan jini na retinal a cikin ciwon sukari sun lalace, wanda ke lalata wahayi. Domin ganowa farkon maganin cututtukan fata, masu fama da cutar sankara suna buƙatar aƙalla jarrabawar kowace shekara ta likitan likitan ido.
• Lalacewar kodan. Tare da lalacewar ƙananan jijiyoyin jini na kodan, nephropathy na iya haɓaka, wanda yawanci ke haɗuwa da hawan jini. A cikin lokuta masu rauni, gazawar haɓaka ke tasowa, a cikin abin da magani dialysis na iya zama dole.
• Kafar ciwon sukari. Lalacewa a cikin jijiyoyin ƙafafun na iya haifar da gaskiyar cewa mara lafiya ba ya lura da ƙarami ko yankan akan sa, wanda, a haɗe tare da kewaya mai lalacewa, wani lokacin yakan haifar da rauni. Wannan rikitarwa yana tasowa a cikin 10% na mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari.
• Rashin Jima'i A cikin maza masu fama da cutar sankara, musamman masu shan sigari, lalacewar jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin jini na iya haifar da matsaloli tare da tashin hankali. Matan da ke da ciwon sukari na iya fuskantar raguwar libido, raguwa cikin nishaɗi daga jima'i, bushewar farce, ƙarancin ikon yin inzali, jin zafi yayin jima'i.
• Zina da rashin haihuwa. Matan da ke da juna biyu masu ciwon sukari suna da haɗarin kamuwa da fitina da kuma haihuwa. Tare da kulawar glucose mara kyau a farkon matakan ciki, hadarin lalacewa na haihuwar yana ƙaruwa.

Ga wasu mutane, abinci, motsa jiki, ko alluna tare da magunguna masu rage sukari sun isa su sarrafa nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Koyaya, yawancin marasa lafiya suna buƙatar allurar insulin don magance wannan cutar. Mafi kyawun hanyar kulawa da likita an zaɓa ta likita, amma - ba tare da la'akari da zaɓin ba - abinci mai kyau da aikin jiki suna cikin kowane yanayi mai mahimmanci. Manufar shine a rage yawan ƙwayar cutar glycemia da haɓaka amfani da insulin. An samu wannan da:

• Abincin lafiya.
• Motsa jiki.
• Rage nauyi.

Hakanan masu haƙuri suna buƙatar buƙatar shan magani. Ciwon sukari na 2 wani cuta ne mai ci gaba, wanda ke nufin cewa a cikin lokaci ƙarancin ana samar da insulin a jikin mai haƙuri. Saboda haka, yawancin marasa lafiya ba da jimawa ba zasu sha magungunan kwayoyi ko allurar insulin.