Insulin farida (shirye shiryen insulin)

Kusan duk marasa lafiya da ke da insulin-ins da kuma mutane da yawa marasa lafiya da ke fama da rashin lafiyar insulin-insulin-mellitus wadanda ke kula da su suna yin insulin. Idan ya cancanta, ana iya shigar da insulin cikin / in da / m, amma na dogon lokaci, magani tsawon rayuwa yana amfani da allurar sc. SC injections na insulin ba gaba daya ke sake bayyana tsarewar wannan kwayoyin ba. Da fari dai, ana samun insulin a hankali daga kashin da ke cikin subcutaneous, wanda ba ya haifar da haɓaka ta hanyar haɓaka ta hanzari a cikin ƙwayar hormone yayin cin abinci, sai ya rage raguwa. Abu na biyu, daga kasusuwa na ciki, insulin ba ya shiga cikin tsarin hanta, amma a cikin tsarin kewaya. Saboda haka, insulin baya tasiri metabolism na hepatic. Koyaya, tare da lura da tsarin kula da magunguna, magani na iya zama mai nasara.

Shirye-shiryen insulin suna da tsararraki daban-daban na aiki (gajere, yin matsakaici da aiki mai tsayi) da kuma asali daban (ɗan adam, bovine, alade, bovine / alade). Motsin jikin dan adam, wanda aka samo ta hanyar injiniyan kwayoyin, yanzu yana da samuwa kuma ana amfani dashi sosai. Allurar kwayar cutar kwalliya ta bambanta da amino acid na ɗan adam (alanine maimakon threonine a matsayi 30 na sarkar B, i.e. a cikin tashar C-terminus). Bovine ya bambanta da porcine da ɗan adam ta ƙarin amino acid biyu (alanine da valine maimakon threonine da isoleucine a wurare 8 da 10 na sarkar). Har zuwa tsakiyar 1970s shirye-shiryen insulin sun ƙunshi proinsulin, glucagon-kamar peptides, polypeptide na pancreatic, somatostatin da VIP. Bayan haka, kayan kwalliyar alade da aka tsarkakakke sun bayyana a kasuwar da basu da waɗannan ƙazanta. A ƙarshen 1970s. Dukkanin kokarin sun dogara ne kan samun insulin din jikin dan adam.

A cikin shekaru goma na ƙarshe na karni na 20, insulin ɗan adam ya zama ƙwayar zaɓi a cikin maganin cutar ciwon sukari.

Saboda bambance-bambance a cikin jerin amino acid, ɗan adam, porcine da bovine insulins ba daidai bane a cikin kayan aikin kimiyyar sunadarai. Insulin ɗan adam da aka samu ta injinin ƙwayar cuta ta fi kyau narkewa cikin ruwa fiye da naman alade, saboda yana da ƙarin ƙungiyar hydroxyl (a matsayin wani ɓangare na threonine). Kusan duk shirye-shiryen insulin na ɗan adam suna da tsaka-tsakin pH sabili da haka sun fi barga: ana iya kiyaye su a zazzabi a cikin ɗakuna da yawa.