Bayyanar cututtukan glucose na jini (sukari)

Sau da yawa, matan da basu da ƙushin fata suna lalata gashi, sukan fara canza kayan kayan aikinsu ba tare da zuwa likita ba kuma suna zargin cewa sun ci karo da alamun farko na cutar hawan jini.

Gabaɗaya, alamun ƙara yawan matakan jini a cikin mata da maza ba sa bambanta a cikin matakan sukari, ban da bayyanannu daga tsarin haihuwa.

Yaya ake yin jarrabawar?

Ana gudanar da bincike ta hanyar bayyana ko a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje ta amfani da kayan aiki na musamman. A cikin hanyar farko, ana ɗaukar jini a cikin komai a ciki tare da glucometer daga yatsa. A wannan yanayin, sakamakon ba shi da ƙima kuma ana ganin farkon. Wannan kayan aikin yana da kyau don amfani a gida don sarrafa sukari akai-akai. Idan an gano karkacewa daga ƙimar al'ada, ana sake maimaita binciken a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Yawancin lokaci ana ɗaukar jini daga jijiya. Maganin ciwon sukari mellitus an yi shi ne idan, bayan gwajin jini sau biyu a cikin kwanaki daban-daban, sakamakon ya nuna wuce gona da iri. Kusan 90% na duk masu yin rajista suna fama da ciwon sukari na 2.

Alamomin Babban Glucose

Gabaɗaya, alamun cututtukan ciwon sukari a cikin yawancin marasa lafiya suna kama, kodayake suna iya bambanta dangane da shekaru da tsawon cutar. Yawanci, alamun farko na yawan sukari sune kamar haka:

1. Ryanƙano mai bushe yana ɗayan bayyanannun alamun cutar sankarau.
2. Polydipsia da polyuria. Thirstaƙƙarfan kishirwa da kuma sakin babban adadin fitsari sune alamu mafi bayyanuwa da matakan sukari. Tsoro wata alama ce ta jiki game da bukatar yin yunƙurin asarar ruwa don guje wa rashin ruwa. Kodan, bi da bi, suna fitar da glucose mai yawa, suna ɓoye adadin adadin fitsari.
3. Gajiya da rauni. Suga ba ya shiga sel, yana kwance a cikin jini, don haka ƙwayar tsoka ba ta da ƙarfi don nuna aiki.
4. Rashin warkarwa daga lalatattu, raunuka, abrasions, yanke. Yana da mahimmanci don guje wa lalacewar fata, saboda suna da haɗari ga kamuwa da cuta, wanda ke haifar da ƙarin matsaloli.
5. Orara ko raguwa a jiki.
6. Alamomin kamuwa da cutar sankarau sune cututtukan fata da cututtukan fata da ke haifar da ƙaiƙayi. Zai iya zama furunlera, candidiasis, colpitis, kumburi da urinary tract da urethra.
7. Kamshin acetone daga jiki. Wannan na hali ne don matakan sukari sosai. Wannan alama ce ta ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari, yanayin barazanar rayuwa.

Daga baya, mai haƙuri ya haɗu da alamun bayyanar cututtuka na sukari mai girma:

• Magulopathy na macilopathy da retinopathy - cututtukan ido wanda aka kwatanta da rauni na gani. Retinopathy, a cikin abin da jijiyoyin idanu ke shafa, shine babban dalilin makantawar manya a cikin masu cutar siga.
• Jigilar jini, zubar hakora.
• Rage jiyya a cikin ƙarshen: tingling, numbness, Goose kumburi, canje-canje a zafi da zazzabi ji na ƙwarai a hannu da ƙafa.
• Matsalar narkewa: gudawa ko maƙarƙashiya, ciwon ciki, rashin daidaituwa, haɗu da wahala.
• Kumburi daga sassan jikinsu sakamakon jinkiri da tarin ruwa a jikin mutum. Irin waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka suna iya faruwa tare da haɗuwa da ciwon sukari da hauhawar jini.
• Abubuwan da ke tattare da babban sukari sun hada da gazawar koda na koda, furotin a cikin fitsari da sauran raunin yara.
• Cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.
• Kuskuren lalacewar jiki, yawan cututtukan urinary tract.
• Rage hankali da ƙwaƙwalwa.

Me yasa glucose na jini ya tashi?

Dalilin karuwar sukari suna da yawa. Mafi yawan abubuwan da aka fi amfani dasu shine nau'in 1 ko nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Bugu da kari, akwai wasu karin:

• yanayi na damuwa
• kasancewar a cikin abincin abinci tare da azumi, wato, carbohydrates na narkewa,
• mummunan cututtuka.

Yawan abinci mai sukari

Abincin da ke da glucose na jini babban bangare ne na jiyya. Dole ne a kiyaye mahimman ka'idodin abinci mai gina jiki:

• Ku ci a kai a kai, a cikin kananan rabo, sau 5-6 a rana, a awanni guda,
• sha a kalla 1-2 na ruwa a kowace rana,
• dole ne kayayyakin sun hada da dukkan abubuwanda suke bukata don rayuwa,
• abincin da ake amfani da fiber
• ya kamata a ci kayan lambu yau da kullun
• Guji abinci mai gishiri
• ƙi giya

Ya kamata ku ci abincin da ba sa ƙara yawan glucose na jini kuma ba shi da abinci mai gina jiki. Daga cikinsu akwai:

• Nama mai yawan kitse,
• kifi mai danshi
• kayan kiwo,
• buckwheat, shinkafa, oatmeal,
• hatsin rai
• qwai (babu fiye da biyu a rana),
• Peas, wake
• kayan lambu: eggplant, barkono ja, kore da kore, radish, kabeji, radishes, albasa, ganye, tafarnuwa, seleri, cucumbers, alayyafo, salatin, tumatir, gyada kore,
• 'ya'yan itatuwa da berries: apples, pears, blueberries, cranberries, ash ash, lingonberries, quinces, lemons.

Ya kamata a ba wa fats kayan lambu, ya kamata a maye gurbin sukari da mai zaki. Abinci ne mafi kyau steamed, gasa, stewed kuma Boiled.

Kayan da ba za a iya ci ba

Game da sukarin jini, kuna buƙatar watsi da samfuran kamar:

• gari, garin kek da kayan kwalliya: kek, kayan lemo, kayan lefe, ice cream, pies, adana, sodas, taliya, sukari,
• m nama da kifi, sausages, kyafaffen nama, man alade, abincin gwangwani,
• kayayyakin kiwo: cuku mai, cream, kirim mai tsami, cuku gida mai,
• mayonnaise
• 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da busassun' ya'yan itace: ɓaure, inabi, tsab.

Kammalawa

Likitocin ba su dauki ciwon sukari a matsayin hukunci ba, duk da cewa cuta ce da ba ta warkarwa. Idan kun gano alamun farkon sukari na jini, zaku iya fara daidaita yanayin ku kuma koya yadda ake rayuwa da shi. Wannan zai iya gujewa ko yin jinkiri ga ci gaba da rikitarwa mai zurfi da sakamako kamar makanta, gangami, yanki na ƙananan ƙarshen, nephropathy.

Sanadin Samun Hawan jini

Anarin haɓakar glucose na jini (hyperglycemia) na iya zama na ilimin halayyar ɗan adam da kuma jijiyoyin jini a cikin yanayi.

Abubuwan haɓaka na jiki suna haɓaka lokacin da ƙwayar tsoka ko aiki mai juyayi ke gaba.

Ana lura da cututtukan sukari mai yawa a cikin jini yayin mummunan yanayin damuwa a cikin mata da maza. Hyperglycemia yana da alaƙa da:

• bugun zuciya
• bacin rai
• shiga tsakani
• amai na amai,
• babban ƙonewa
• ciwon kai
• gazawar hanta
• matsananciyar damuwa ta jiki ko ta tunani-tausayawa.

A lokacin damuwa, 90% na mutane suna haɓaka haɓakar hyperglycemia fiye da 7.8 mmol / L.

Lokacin da adadin adrenaline adrenaline ya shiga jini, matakin sukari ya tashi sosai, wanda alamomin ke bayyanawa:

• bugun zuciya
• latedan makaranta, rikicewar masauki - ƙwarewar mayar da idanunku kan batun,
• gumi
• saurin numfashi
• hawan jini.

Pathological, i.e., hade da haɓakar cutar, an lura da karuwa a cikin sukarin jini a cikin yanayi:

• mai fama da rashin jituwa a cikin jiki (mai kamuwa da ciwon suga),
• ciwon sukari - nau'ikan 1,2, autoimmune (LADA diabetes), a cikin mata - gestational da wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan wannan cuta.

Jihar ciwon sukari

Yanayin ciwon suga

• a kan komai a ciki cikin jini ya wuce 5.7, amma bai fi 6.1 mmol / l ba,
• bayan awa 2 daga cin abinci, sama da 7.8, amma ƙasa da 11.1 mmol / l.

Wannan sabon abu yana tasowa lokacin samar da insulin din bai tsaya ba, amma kuma jijiyoyin jikinta suna raguwa.

Sakamakon haka, glucose jini yana daɗaɗaɗaɗaɗɗar kullun, amma alamun cutar har yanzu basu da mahimmanci kamar bayyanar alamun bayyanar cututtuka.

Iri ciwon sukari

Tare da ciwon sukari na kowane nau'in, sukari jini ya wuce 11.1 mmol / L. Alamar tana aiki a matsayin shawo kan cutar cututtukan cututtukan da ake amfani da su don maza da mata na kowane rukuni.

Ciwon sukari 1 cuta ce mai gado. Yana cikin kimanin 2% na yawan adadin marasa lafiya.

Cutar sankara 2 cuta ce da aka samo asali tare da magadan gado wanda ya haifar da cin zarafin metabolism na carbohydrates da lipids.

Cutar tana da alaƙa da lalacewar jijiyoyin jiki da haɓakar atherosclerosis wanda a wasu lokuta ana kiran shi azaman cututtukan zuciya.

Me yasa yake da haɗari don ƙara yawan sukarin jini

Asedara yawan sukari na jini ba shi da kyau ya shafi jigilar oxygen da yanayin tasoshin jini.

Tare da babban taro na sukari a cikin jini, yawan adadin haemoglobin mai glycated da ke hade da glucose yana ƙaruwa, i.e. Abun da erythrocyte yake dauke da haemoglobin mai narkewa baya iya isar da iskar oxygen yadda yakamata, wanda shine yasa kyallen takarda ke jin yunwar oxygen.

Ganuwar jijiyoyin jini tare da matsakaicin matakan glucose sun rasa ƙarfi, sun zama marasa ƙarfi. Saboda wannan, an rage girman rufin capillaries.

Mafi yawanci, ana nuna canje-canje mara kyau a cikin gabobin tare da ƙarin yawan jini. Abubuwan da aka yi niyya sune:

1. Eyes - Jirgin ruwa mai kanti ya lalace
2. Kwakwalwa da na jijiyoyin hannu - samuwar ƙwayar myelin an lalace, jijiyar jiki na ƙanƙanin sannu a hankali ya ɓace
3. Kodan - tarfin ofarye na tayinles na koda yana da illa
4. Zuciya - jini mai wahala

Game da matsananciyar damuwa, jikin mutum yana samar da yanayi don samar da ciwon suga da kuma sauyawarsa ga masu ciwon sukari na 2.

Alamomin ciwon suga

Alamar farko da ke haifar da rashin daidaituwa a jiki shine samuwar mutum a cikin cututtuka daban-daban na tsarin zuciya. Cutar sukari tana da matukar yawa a cikin matan da ke fama da cutar atherosclerosis da hauhawar jini.

Alamomin farkon hauhawar sukari a cikin jini sune alamu:

• rashin bacci
• Jin magana a cikin sassan, ƙanƙancewa lalacewa ta hanyar lalacewar jijiyoyin ƙasa,
• Yunwa da yawa kuma urination,
• rage a cikin acuity na gani,
• bayyanar fata itching,
• ƙara cututtukan fata
• lalata fata, gashi,
• fiye da yadda aka saba rauni waraka
• m cututtuka, m tsanani hanya.

Ofayan alamu na yau da kullun na haɓaka haƙuri, wanda galibi ba shi da alaƙa da ciwon suga, shine rashin bacci.

Idan aka haɓaka sukari na jini, to wannan ana iya bayyanar da wannan alama ta azaman dare - dakatarwar numfashi na ɗan lokaci a cikin mafarki. Ana bayyana matsalar rashin bacci ta hanyar:

• farkon farkawa
• jin gajiya da safe ko da na al'ada,
• haske mai barci, yawan bacci da daddare.

Cutar Ciwon Mara

Alamun da mai haƙuri ya karu da sukarin jini sosai alamu ne na halayyar irin 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2:

1. Polyuria - karuwa a cikin yawan fitsari yau da kullun, a maimakon lita 1.4 na al'ada, rarar da ya kai lita 5 ko fiye.
2. Polydipsia ƙishirwa ne na jiki wanda ke haifar da rashin ruwa, yawan tara kayan abinci a cikin jini
3. Polyphagy - ci abinci mai yawa wanda ya haifar da rashin tasirin glucose
4. Rage nauyi
5. Glucosuria - bayyanar sukari a cikin fitsari
6. Tsarin jini na Orthostatic - rage karfin jini yayin tsayawa

Tare da alamu waɗanda galibi ana lura da su a matakai na sukari mai yawa na jini, alamu na bayyana:

• ƙanshi na acetone daga jiki,
• numbashi na wata gabar jiki.

Gano da ciwon sukari mellitus 1 (T1DM) mafi yawan lokuta a ƙarami, mafi yawan abin da ya faru shine a cikin yara masu shekaru 10 zuwa 13.

Cutar na bayyana kanta tare da alamomin m, tana haɓaka cikin sauri cikin fewan makonni ko watanni. An gano shi yawanci a cikin lokacin sanyi, ganiya yana sauka akan Oktoba - Janairu.

Sau da yawa bayyanuwar cutar ana gabuwa da amai da cuta, matsanancin ƙwayar cuta ta huhu, ana ɗauka a kafafu da kuma yawan yin fari.

Pathology yana fushi da kiba, yawanci ana bincikar shi bayan shekaru 40. Ciwon sukari 2 (T2DM) yana rufe kusan 10% na dukkan manya, a kowace shekara 15 - 20 yawan masu dauke da cutar T2DM a duniya ya ninka.

Cutar tana nuna alamar ƙaruwa a hankali.

Alamun farko na karuwa a cikin sukari da wannan cuta sune:

• itchy dermatoses - cututtukan fata, neurodermatitis, psoriasis, urticaria,
• fungal vulvovaginitis a cikin mata,
• rashin ƙarfi a cikin maza.

Daga bayyanar alamun farko na karuwa a cikin sukari na jini zuwa ganowa da kuma fara jiyya ga T2DM, yana ɗaukar kimanin shekaru 7.

A cikin manya, alamar farko na yawan sukarin jini a jiki sau da yawa shine bayyanar itchy dermatosis, wanda ke haifar da marasa lafiya don neman taimakon likita daga likitan fata.

Alamar farko ta yawan sukarin jini a cikin mata na iya zama abin mamaki a cikin kashin ciki, wanda da taurin kansa ya ƙi warkarwa.

Bayyanar cututtukan sukari na jini na iya zama cuta ta sake zagayawa a cikin mata masu haihuwa. Tare da menopause, alamun cutar hauka a cikin mata sune:

• tides
• gumi
• canje-canje mara nauyi a cikin abinci
• busa, ciwon kafa,
• rage aiki
• rauni.

Rubuta canje-canje da ya haifar da hauhawar yawan sukarin jini zuwa alamun bayyanar haila, mata kan sanya jinkirin ziyarar likita da kuma gano cutar.

Increasearin yawan sukari na iya ci gaba kamar haka cikin haƙuri cewa mai haƙuri ba ya zuwa ga likita a farkon alamun cutar, amma tuni a mataki na rikice-rikice-rayuwa masu haɗari:

• rauni na ƙafa
• rage gani
• kauda endarteritis,
• bugun zuciya
• bugun jini.

Alamun lalacewar gabobin a cikin cutar sankara

Ba shi yiwuwa a fahimci cewa ana ɗaukaka girman sukarin jini, ba tare da tantance matakin glycemia ba, yana mai da hankali ne kawai ga alamu kamar ƙishirwa, polyuria ko tashin hankalin bacci.

Babban glucose yana haifar da lalacewar tsarin tsarin, ba tare da togiya ba. Cutar cututtukan sukari mai yawa ana iya rufe ta ta hanyoyi da yawa na cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.

Tsarin jijiyoyin jiki, kwakwalwa, idanu, da kodan sun fi shafar ƙaruwa da glycemia. A cikin mata masu fama da cutar sukari, haɓakar osteoporosis yayin haila tana da alaƙa.

Alamar hauhawar jini daga zuciya da jijiyoyin jini

Tare da T2DM, ischemia na zuciya sau da yawa yana haɓaka - isasshen wadataccen ƙwayoyin myocardial tare da oxygen. Rikitarwa na ischemia na zuciya shine rauni mai rauni wanda ke da haɗarin mace-mace.

Ana amfani da T1DM ta cututtukan zuciya na masu ciwon sukari. Alamomin wannan yanayin sune:

• jin zafi a zuciya, ba damuwa da aiki ta jiki,
• karancin numfashi
• kumburi
• arrhythmia.

65% na manya masu fama da cutar hawan jini suna nuna alamun cutar hawan jini.

Ana nuna alamun hauhawar jini, lokacin da sukari ya hauhawa cikin jini,

• tinnitus
• tsananin fushi da ciwon kai,
• samarin
• ciwon zuciya.

Alamomin narkewar hanji

Tare da haɓaka sukari, duk gabobin narkewar hanji suna tasiri. Alamun lalacewar tsarin narkewa:

1. Dysphagia - rashin jin daɗi lokacin haɗiye
2. Jin zafi a cikin hypochondrium na dama wanda ya haifar da lalacewa mai narkewa a cikin hanta
3. Enteropathy na ciwon sukari - take hakkin hanji na ciki
4. Mai ciwon sukari gastroparesis - take hakkin tsarin juyayi da ciki

Bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa, daya daga cikin mafi girman rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari, sun haɗa da:

• ƙwannafi
• shaƙatawa
• tashin zuciya, amai, ciwon ciki bayan cin abinci,
• bloating
• jin daɗin ciki na ciki daga cokali na farko.

Ana nuna ci gaban cututtukan gastroparesis ta hanyar haɓaka alamu bayan cin abubuwan sha da keɓaɓɓu, soyayyen nama, fiber, man shanu, da abinci mai mai.

Bayyanar cututtuka na enteropathy na ciwon sukari, wanda ke faruwa sakamakon ƙayyadaddun matakan sukari na jini na wani lokaci:

• zawo
• steatorrhea - feces da mai sheen,
• na gida mai zafi stool sau da yawa a rana,
• zawo guda da dare,
• rashin daidaituwa
• asarar nauyi.

Mafi sau da yawa fiye da maza, mata suna da rashin daidaituwa na rashin daidaituwa, wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar haihuwa mai wahala, yanayin tsarin juyayi. Tare da haɓaka sukari, ƙwayar murhu ta narke, saboda abin da yake shakata da shi ba tare da kulawa ba.

Sakamakon cututtukan hyperglycemia akan tsarin urinary

Canje-canje a cikin kodan da kuma mafitsara da ke haifar da sakamakon guba na ƙwanƙwasa jini ana lura da su cikin 50% na marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon sukari. Alamomin ciwon sukari daga mafitsara na iya haɗawa da:

• a rage yawan urination mita zuwa 2-3 a rana,
• tara fitsari a cikin mafitsara har zuwa 1 lita maimakon al'ada 300 - 400 ml,
• bai cika ba
• katsewa na fitsari,
• yadudduka da urinary rashin daidaituwa,
• yawan cututtukan urinary koda.

Wani mawuyacin yanayi wanda ba za'a iya jin daɗi ba kamar matsalar rashin daidaituwa shine rashin urinary rashin daidaituwa a cikin mata. Kididdiga ta nuna cewa matsalar rashin daidaituwa na urinary rashin damuwa ba kawai tsofaffi mata ba ne a lokacin haila, har ma da mata masu haihuwa.

Sakamakon babban sukari akan yanayin fata

Tare da karuwa mai tsawo a cikin glucose, canje-canje a cikin katangar katangar fata na faruwa. Bayyanar cututtuka na cin zarafin sune:

• fata mai ƙaiƙayi
• fungal akai-akai, cututtukan fata na fata,
• shekaru aibobi a gaban kafa,
• Jan fata na fata na kunci da na farji.

Waɗannan alamun alamun karuwar sukari jini sune alamun farko na T2DM ga matan da suka kamu da cutar sukari.

Tasirin hyperglycemia akan kashi

Tare da haɓaka cikin yawan sukarin jini na manya, canje-canje a cikin ƙashin kashi yana faruwa, kuma alamu sun haɓaka:

• osteoporosis
• nakasar ƙafa,
• ciwo "hannun masu adalci."

Wani mummunan haɗari na hyperglycemia a cikin mata shine osteoporosis. Rushewar kasusuwa kashi yafi yawa tsakanin mata, alamomin sa:

• take hakkin hali
• kusoshi na kusoshi
• lalata hakora
• ƙafafun kafafu
• ƙananan ciwon baya a madaidaiciyar matsayi ko zaune.

Matan da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 1 sune sau 12 mafi kusantar su sami rauni a gwiwa fiye da matan da basu da sukari mai yawa. Tare da T2DM, osteoporosis ba shi da kullun, duk da haka, haɗarin fashewa saboda osteoporosis sau 2 ya fi wanda yake lafiya.

Canje-canje a cikin sukari mai girma yana shafar gabobin. Don bincika abin da rikice-rikice ya riga ya faru tare da hannayensu tare da sukari mai jini, bincika alamar kamar "hannu masu ciwon sukari."

Wannan cutar ana kuma kiranta “hannun mai-adalci,” hyropathy na ciwon sukari. Ya ƙunshi gaskiyar cewa lokacin da kake ƙoƙarin ninka tafukan hannunka a haɗe, riƙe hannunka a kan layi, ba zaka iya rufe yatsun hannun da hannun dama da hagu ba.

Rashin ikon sanya dabino tare ko “dabino a gidan” an lura cikin duka T1DM da T2DM.

Cutar sankarar LADA

Ana lura da sukari mai tsayi na dogon lokaci tare da latent (latent) autoimmune ko cutar LADA. Cutar tana da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1-wanda ya dogara da ita, amma alamunta suna kama sosai da irin na masu ciwon sukari na 2.

LADA tana haɓaka yana da shekaru 35 - 55. Dalilin LADA shine zaluntar tsarin rigakafi ga ƙwayoyin beta na pancreatic.

San irin alamun cututtukan da suke fama da cutar sanƙara wanda yake buƙatar jiyya kai tsaye. A cewar kididdigar, a cikin 15% na lokuta, saboda kamanceceniyar alamomin, maimakon LADA, suna bincikar cutar T2DM.

Bambanci tsakanin ire-iren wadannan cututtukan da ke haifar da babban sukari,

• tare da T2DM, kiba, kiba,
• tare da LADA, nauyi ba ya ƙaruwa.

Alamomin babban sukari da LADA sune:

• bushewa
• rashin tasiri yayin amfani da magunguna masu rage sukari.

LADA ta fi yawa a cikin mata. Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan haɗari don haɓakar wannan nau'in cutar shine bayyanar cututtukan ƙwayar cutar mahaifa yayin daukar ciki.