Polyneuropathy: menene wannan cuta kuma yaya za a bi da ita?

Polyneuropathy na ciwon sukari yana haɓaka asalin bayan mellitus na sukari mai tsawo, wanda lalata jiragen ruwa da jijiyoyin jijiya. Wannan yana rage jinkirin watsa jijiyoyin jijiya, wanda ke rushe tsarin jijiyoyin gefe.

Ciwon sukari mellitus, wanda ya fi kusan shekaru 15, yana haifar da lalata yawancin gabobin ciki kuma yana haifar da ƙarancin oxygen a cikin tsarin juyayi na gefe. Ana gano cututtukan ciwon sukari a cikin 50% na masu ciwon sukari.

Cutar ta shafi daidai marasa lafiya da nau'in 1 da nau'in 2. Lalacewa a cikin ƙwayar jijiya na iya haifar da rikice-rikice, wanda ya haɗa da lalata ƙafa da mutuwa.

Etiology da Sanadin cutar

Ciwon sukari mellitus cuta ce ta endocrine, tare da haɓaka taro na sukari a cikin jini. Mutane miliyan 150 a duniya suna da ciwon sukari. Idan mai haƙuri zai sarrafa taro na glucose, ba ƙyale haɓakawa sama da ƙimar 8 mmol / l, to, haɗarin haɓakar polyneuropathy (neuropathy) zai zama kaɗan.

Don fahimtar menene cutar ciwon sukari (DPN), kuna buƙatar fahimtar cewa karuwa da sukari na jini yana haifar da lalata ganuwar jijiyoyin jiki. Saboda wannan, ƙwayoyin jijiya basa samun adadin oxygen da ake buƙata, wadatar jini da metabolism suna cikin damuwa. Ischemia sannu-sannu ta haɓaka, yana toshe hanyar watsa jini.

An raba tsarin juyayi na gefe zuwa cikin na kansa da na somatic. Aikin somatic shine sarrafa ayyukan jiki. Tsarin mulkin kai yana daidaita ayyukan gabobin ciki. Mai ciwon sukari na cutar siga yana lalata tsarin biyu. Pathology (lambar ICD 10: G63.2) yana nufin ɗayan yanayi mafi haɗari.

Kula! Cutar na iya faruwa bayan shekaru da dama daga lokacin da aka gano cutar sankarau.

Babban dalilin cutar ciwon sikila na ƙananan ƙarshen shine ƙara yawan sukari da tsawan rashin insulin. Rushewar metabolism a matakin salula yana da mummunar tasiri a cikin yankuna na jijiya na gefe.

Sauran dalilai da suka shafi ci gaban ilimin cuta sune:

• rikicewar endocrine,
• cutar koda, hanta,
• cututtuka
• saukar da rashin rigakafi,
• yanayin bakin ciki
• shan giya
• Sinadaran sunadarai,
• ƙari neoplasms.

Cutar na faruwa ne yayin da sukari jini ya tashi sosai. Ciwon sukari mellitus yana haifar da katsewa a cikin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, wanda shine sanadin hargitsi a cikin sashin gefe na tsarin juyayi. Kwakwalwa ta fara rasa isashshen sunadarin oxygen, rashi wanda hakan ke haifar da karancin jini da lalacewar jijiya. Akwai hare-hare masu raɗaɗi masu rauni, marasa lafiya sun lura da rauni na tsoka, ƙarancin ƙafafu.

Symptomatology

Neuropathy a cikin ciwon sukari ya bayyana kanta a cikin matakai da yawa: subclinical da na asibiti. A matakin farko, mutum yana jin cikakken lafiya, babu korafi. Amma masanin ilimin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ya bayyana lalacewa a ƙarshen ƙarar zazzabi da jin zafi, raguwa a cikin tasirin Achilles.

A matakin asibiti, alamun cuta sun bayyana a sarari. An lalata aikin jijiyoyi da yawa. Mai haƙuri ya rasa hankalin sa. Samuwar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta a cikin ƙananan ƙananan hanyoyin.

Da farko, ana bayyana polyneuropathy na ciwon sukari a cikin ɗalibi, raɗaɗi da "kumburin kumburi" a cikin gabobin. Ana jin ciwo mai raɗaɗi koda a cikin hutawa. Daga baya, abubuwan jin daɗi marasa hankali suna fara damuwa yayin yanayi mai wahala kuma da dare, jin ƙonewa a ƙafafu yana ƙaruwa. Mutum na shan azaba da rashin bacci, damuwa. Reducedwanƙantar wahala da zafin zazzabi ya ragu.

Sauran alamun sun hada da tsoka da rauni. Hannun yatsun ya sami launin ja, duhu duhu ya bayyana. Akwai lalacewa daga farantin ƙusa: ƙusoshin suna da kauri sosai ko bakin ciki. Siffar ƙafafun ya canza: yana ƙaruwa a cikin juyawa, an kafa ƙafafun lebur, haɗin gwiwa na gwiwa ya lalace.

Yayinda cutar ta ci gaba, wasu sassan ƙafafun sun zama matacce, wanda ke haifar da gungun mata.

Da farko, zai shafi tsofaffin tsokoki waɗanda ke zuwa ƙafafun da hannuwanku. Kafa biyu suna da mutuƙar fari. Sakamakon lalacewar ƙaƙƙarfan jijiya mai ƙarewa, fatar ta zama mai saurin motsa jiki. An gano cutar Allodynia - yanayin da mai haƙuri ke jin ciwo mai zafi daga taɓawa.

An yatsu sun rasa mai ƙarfi. Bayan lalacewar ƙananan ƙwayoyin jijiya, ji zafin jiki ya ɓace, ƙonewa, tingling yana bayyana. Akwai kumburin kafafu, fatar kan da ta bushe da tawo. Daidaitan kafa corns, fasa, ulcers.

Mene ne maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta da kuma abin da bayyanar cututtuka ke haɗuwa da shi

Daga yaren helenanci an fassara wannan cutar a matsayin "cuta ta jijiyoyi da yawa", kuma wannan yana ishara da ainihin ma'anar ta. Tare da polyneuropathy, kusan dukkanin ƙananan jijiyoyin gefe suna shafar su. Abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar sun bambanta, amma alamun polyneuropathy koyaushe suna kama da juna, ba tare da la'akari da abin da ya haifar da cutar ba:

• rauni na tsoka na babba da na babba (mafi yawanci mai haƙuri ya fara korafin rauni na ƙafa da hannaye ne, to sai ya bazu zuwa kan gaba ɗaya),
• rage ji na ƙwarai (har zuwa cikakken ɓacewar shi), kazalika da rashi rashin amsawa,
• bayyanar tsananin zafin,
• bakon abin mamaki a cikin gabar jiki - goosebumps, kona,
• kumburi kafafu da hannaye,
• yatsan yatsa, wani lokacin ya zama kamar an murqushe tsoka,
• sweating, wanda ba shi da 'yanci da zazzabi da kokarin jiki,
• gazawar numfashi, gazawar numfashi, bugun zuciya,
• jin nauyi, wahala tare da daidaito, daidaitawa daidaituwa (musamman tare da rufe idanu),
• jinkirin warkar da raunuka.

Verarfin waɗannan alamun na iya zama mai ƙarfi da rauni. Wani lokacin wata cuta ta taso na dogon lokaci, sama da shekaru da yawa, amma tana iya faruwa ba zato ba tsammani, a zahiri makonni.

Lura

Ana gano cutar ta polyneuropathy a cikin kusan kashi 2.5% na mutane, a cikin tsofaffi wannan alamar ta fi girma - kusan 8%.

Sanadin cutar

Mai biyo baya na iya haifar da neuropathy:

• ciwon sukari mellitus . Daya daga cikin abubuwanda suka fi haifar da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta (polyneuropathy). Ciwon sukari yana hana aiki na tasoshin da ke ciyar da jijiyoyi kuma yana haifar da damuwa na rayuwa a cikin ƙwayar myelin na ƙwayoyin jijiya. Wannan yana kaiwa ga shan kashi. A cikin ciwon sukari na mellitus, ƙananan ƙarshen ƙananan yawanci suna fama da polyneuropathy,
• m rashi na bitamin B . Wadannan bitamin suna da mahimmanci don aiki da tsarin juyayi, kuma rashi na dogon lokaci yakan haifar da cutar polyneuropathy,
• bayyanar cututtuka da gubobi . Waɗannan sun haɗa da abubuwa masu guba na guba (gami da barasa) da maye a cikin cututtuka, musamman tare da diphtheria, HIV, da herpes. Lokacin da guba tare da abubuwa kamar carbon monoxide, arsenic, polyneuropathy na iya bayyana kansa da sauri, a cikin 'yan kwanaki, kuma tare da kamuwa da cuta da giya, cutar na ci gaba a hankali,
• raunin da ya faru . Lalacewa a cikin ƙwayoyin jijiya yayin raunin ko aiki zai iya haifar da polyneuropathy. Raunin yakamata ya hada da matsa daga jijiyoyi, wanda shine halayyar cututtukan kashin baya kamar osteochondrosis da herniated fayafai,
• Guillain-Barré ciwo - cuta mai saurin cutar kansa, sau da yawa tana ci gaba bayan cututtuka masu yaduwa,
• gado na gado . An sani cewa wasu rikice-rikice na rayuwa wanda ke haifar da polyneuropathy za'a iya watsa shi ta hanyar jini.

Wani lokacin polyneuropathy yana shafar mata masu lafiya gaba ɗaya yayin daukar ciki . Zai iya faruwa a kowane lokaci. An yi imanin cewa sanadin ƙwayar cutar ƙwaƙwalwa a cikin mata masu juna biyu rashi ne na bitamin B, da guba da rashin wadataccen tsarin garkuwar jiki ga tayin.

Iri na polyneuropathy

Magani ya bambanta nau'ikan polyneuropathy:

• azanci . Yana bayyana kanta musamman tare da rikicewar hankali a cikin gabobin da abin ya shafa - nade, ƙwanƙyashewa ko guzuwa, abin ƙonawa,
• mota . An nuna shi ta hanyar rauni na tsoka, har zuwa cikakken rashin iya motsa hannu ko ƙafa. Wannan yana haifar da sauri zuwa ƙwayar tsoka,
• karasawa a cikin abin da ake haɗuwa da alamun firikwensin da polyneuropathy na motsa jiki. A mafi yawan lokuta, ana lura da wannan tsari,
• ciyayi . Ba kamar siffofin uku na farko ba, tare da polyneuropathy na autonomic, alamun bayyanar lalacewar tsarin juyayi mai lalacewa sun zo kan gaba: sweating, pallor of skin, dizziness, narkewa da narkewa, tachycardia, shortness of breath,
• gauraye wanda a ciki ake lura da duk alamun da ke sama.

Sakamakon ilimin halayyar cuta

Polyneuropathy yana da haɗari sosai. Wannan cuta ba ta barin kanta, kuma idan kun ba ta damar ci gaba, sakamakon zai zama mai wahala sosai. Rashin ƙarfi da sauri yana haifar da raguwa cikin sautin tsoka da ƙwayar tsoka. Wannan, wannan, ya cika da bayyanar ulce. Wani lokacin sakamakon polyneuropathy shine cikakkiyar cututtukan ƙafafun ƙwayar cuta ko gabobin jiki, kuma wannan mai mutu ne.

Bugu da ƙari, polyneuropathy na ci gaba yana ba mutum wahala mai yawa, yana canza yanayin rayuwarsa ta yau da kullun. Mutane suna rasa ikon tafiya da kulawa da kansu; rashin taimako yana haifar da damuwa da baƙin ciki.

Bayyanar cututtuka na polyneuropathy

Zai iya zama da wahala, kamar yadda alamun cutar suka dace da cututtuka daban-daban. Ba shi yiwuwa a bincika kawai dangane da koke-koke na marasa lafiya: wannan yana buƙatar jerin kayan aiki da ɗakunan bincike.

Bayyanar cututtuka ta fara ne tare da tattaunawa da wani likitan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta: likita zai bincika gabobin da abin ya shafa da kuma duba ƙyalli. Idan ana zargin polyneuropathy, yakamata a yi gwajin jini gaba ɗaya, yakamata a yi shi - binciken da ke nuna yadda siginar ta ratsa jijiyoyin, wani lokacin ana buƙatar biopsy na jijiya. Wataƙila za a buƙaci yin shawara tare da endocrinologist.

Jiyya da magungunan warkewa don polyneuropathy

Mai haƙuri da aka gano tare da polyneuropathy ya kamata a shirya don cikakkiyar cikakkiyar magani. Ba a iyakance shi da bayyanar cututtuka ba. Tare da polyneuropathy, ƙwayar jijiya kanta ta lalace, kuma yana ɗaukar lokaci don mayar da shi.

Duk wani magani yana farawa tare da fallasawa ga abin da ya haifar da cutar, wato, tare da lura da cutar, ko aƙalla tare da ingantawa. Misali, tare da polyneuropathy da ke haifar da ciwon sukari, ana ƙoƙarin rage ƙarancin glucose, tare da nau'ikan abubuwa masu yaduwa - don yaƙar kamuwa da cuta, kuma idan tushen matsalar rashi ne na bitamin B, yana buƙatar cika shi. Tare da polyneuropathy, sanadin abin da ya kasance mahaukaci a cikin tsarin endocrine, an nuna maganin hormone.

Ana amfani da maganin bitamin sosai a cikin maganin polyneuropathy. Kyakkyawan sakamako ana bayar da shi ta hanyar kwayoyi waɗanda ke inganta microcirculation, kuma daga nan abincin abinci na jijiyoyin jiki. Hakanan ana amfani da dabarun motsa jiki, musamman electrophoresis, a cikin jiyya. Idan polyneuropathy yana haɗuwa da raɗaɗi mai raɗaɗi, an tsara magungunan jin zafi duka a baka da kuma na Topically.

Shin yana yiwuwa a hana haɓakar polyneuropathy? Ba shi yiwuwa a yi inshora gabaɗaya akan hakan, amma fa'idodin na yau da kullun zasu taimaka rage haɗarin. Musamman, zaku iya aiki tare da abubuwa masu guba kawai tare da kariyar da ta dace, duk wani magunguna yakamata ya sha kawai kamar yadda likita ya umurce shi da kuma ƙarƙashin ikonsa, kuma bai kamata a bar cututtukan da ke damun su ɓaci ba. Tsarin abinci mai daidaitawa wanda ke da wadataccen abinci a cikin bitamin, motsa jiki, ƙi barasa - waɗannan matakan masu sauƙin suma suna iya rage haɗarin haɓakar polyneuropathy.

Gyaran jiki

Ko da an yi nasarar jiyya kuma jijiyoyin jijiya sun warke, ya yi yawa da wuri don shakata. Bayan hanya na murmurewa ana bukatar magani. Tare da polyneuropathy, tsokoki suna ciwo sosai: rashin motsi yana haifar da rauni. Don dawo da motsi, yana ɗaukar aiki da yawa da ƙoƙarin kwararru da yawa.

Yayin farfadowa bayan polyneuropathy, tausa warkewa. Yana inganta yada jini, da dawo da jijiyoyin wuya da kuma inganta tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a cikin kyallen takarda.

Hanyoyi iri-iri na aikin likita suna ba da sakamako mai kyau. Hakanan suna inganta microcirculation, sauqaqa jin zafi da mayar da ƙwayoyin tsoka.

Game da mummunan raunuka, lokacin da cikakken maidowa da ikon yin aiki zai iya yiwuwa, azuzuwan tare da mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali na sana'a zasu taimaka. Ergotherapy magani ne ta aiki. Kwararrun yana taimaka wa mara lafiya don daidaitawa da sabon halin, don haɓaka sabon algorithm na ƙungiyoyi don yin ayyukan yau da kullun.

An tsara matakan yin gyaran fuska ne daban-daban ga kowane mara lafiya. Hakanan yana iya haɗawa da maganin bitamin, aiki tare da masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam, maganin abinci da sauran hanyoyin.

Dole ne a fara maganin polyneuropathy nan da nan, lokacin da alamun farko na alamar damuwa suka bayyana. Ba tare da magani ba, hadarin kamuwa da cuta, damuwa a cikin aiki na zuciya da tsarin numfashi yana da girma sosai. Kula lokaci-lokaci yana taimaka wajan rage haɗarin rikice-rikice da kuma kiyaye ingantaccen aiki. Hanyar murmurewa ba mahimmanci bane: zai iya inganta sakamakon jiyya.

Me yasa cutar ciwon sukari ta haɓaka?

Tare da ciwon sukari, matakan glucose na jini yana ƙaruwa. Yawan wuce haddi a cikin kwayoyin jijiya ya karye ya samar da kayan guba. Waɗannan samfuran suna lalata duka ƙwayoyin jijiya da kansu da kuma membranes na jijiyoyi.

Bugu da ƙari, tare da ciwon sukari, microvessels waɗanda ke kula da jijiyoyi suma sun lalace, wanda ke haifar da yunwar oxygen da mutuwar wuraren jijiya.

Hadarin haɓakar ciwon sukari na cikin cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na cikin duk marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari. Yana ƙaruwa tare da tsawon lokacin cutar a cikin marasa lafiya tare da tsalle-tsalle marasa ƙarfi a cikin matakan glucose na jini, da kuma a cikin waɗanda suke da wannan matakin koyaushe suna ɗaukar nauyi.

Kwayar cutar sankara mai narkewa

Hanyar da ta fi kamari na polyneuropathy na ciwon sukari shine distal, ko sensorimotor, tsari. Tare da shi, sassan tashar jijiyoyi suna shafar, yana haifar da rikicewar motsi da rikicewar motsi.

Bayyanar cututtuka na cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na jijiya na ƙananan ƙarshen:

• Jin ƙonewa a cikin kafafu, tsanantawa da daddare, dangane da sutura, na iya zama wanda ba zai iya jurewa ba, mai gajiya, raguwa yayin tafiya.
• Tingling, sanyi, numbness.
• Ragewa cikin kowane nau'in ji na jika - zazzabi, zafi, tactar, rawar jiki.
• Fata mai bushe, peeling, corns.
• Sweara yawan ɗumi, kumburi ƙafa.
• Cramps a cikin maraƙin ƙwayoyin maraƙi.
• Rashin rauni, raunin da ba zai iya tsayawa ba.
• A cikin manyan lokuta - bayyanar lahani na ƙafa a ƙafafu.

Alamar da ba ta dace ba ita ce ɓarna da zafi a ƙafafu bisa kawunansu ba tare da magani da kuma daidaita matakan glucose na jini ba. Wannan yana nuna lalacewar lalacewar jijiyoyi da bayyanar mai yiwuwa bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan trophic.

Jiyya: ka'idodi, magunguna, hanyoyin jama'a

Kulawa da cutar ciwon sikari, kamar sauran rikicewar ciwon sukari, yana farawa ne da matakan glucose na jini. Ya kamata a cimma wata manufa ta haemoglobin, dake nuna ƙoshin ciwon sukari. Bai kamata ya wuce 7% ba. Idan ya cancanta, ana daidaita magunguna masu rage sukari ko insulin.

Yana da mahimmanci a runtse cholesterol da triglycerides zuwa al'ada. Wannan zai inganta yanayin tasoshin jini da wadatar da jijiyoyi tare da oxygen.

A cikin lura da polyneuropathy na ciwon sukari kai tsaye, ana amfani da ƙungiyoyi da yawa na kwayoyi:

1. Don rage jin zafi, an wajabta masu anticonvulsants da antidepressants. Sun toshe yanayin da ke haifar da jin zafi, da kwantar da kwantar da abubuwan da ke haifar da jin zafi, kuma suna da kwanciyar hankali. Usedarin da aka saba amfani dasu sune gabapentin, lamotrigine, duloxetine.

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da opioids (Tramadol) don magance ciwo mai zafi. Magungunan jin zafi na al'ada, kamar Analgin ko Nimesulide, ba su da tasiri.

1. Bitamin B inganta yanayin jijiyoyi, bayar da tasu gudummawa ga maido da kariyarsu, rage zafi. Shahararrun magunguna a cikin wannan rukuni shine Milgamma, wanda ya haɗa da hadaddun bitamin B1, B6 da B12.
2. Antioxidants kare ƙwayoyin jijiya daga lalacewa ta hanyar samfuran mai guba. Babban tasiri akan ƙwayar jijiya yana da α-lipoic, ko thioctic acid, wanda aka sani da Thioctacid da Thiogamma. Baya ga babban tasirin antioxidant, waɗannan magungunan na iya rage matakan glucose na jini, don haka tare da fara magani, ana iya buƙatar rage ƙwayar magungunan antidiabetic.
3. Shirye-shirye na jijiyoyin jiki (Actovegin) ana amfani da su wajen maganin cutar malariya ta jiki, kodayake ba a tabbatar da tasirin su ba.

Jiyya na polyneuropathy na ciwon sukari ya kamata ya zama cikakke, ta amfani da ƙungiyoyi da yawa na kwayoyi, da na dogon lokaci, darussan watanni 2-3.

Yin amfani da magunguna na mutane ba shi da tushe balle makama. Wataƙila za a iya ƙaruwa da adadin abincin da ke ɗauke da bitamin B (abinci mai farashi, hanta, nama, kifi, hatsi) a cikin abincin, amma irin wannan abincin shi kaɗai ba zai warkar da ciwon sikari ba.

Rarrabawa

Dangane da gaskiyar cewa cutar ta shafi tsarin juyayi, wanda ke da tsarin guda biyu, likitocin sun yanke shawarar cewa rarraba aji ɗaya na cutar ya kamata ya rarraba polyneuropathy cikin somatic da m.

Likitoci ma alama amfaninsa siffofin Pathology na rauni sarrafawa. An gabatar da nau'ikan guda uku a cikin rarrabuwa, wanda ke nuna wuri mai lalacewa a cikin tsarin juyayi:

• azanci - hankali na kashin waje na sama,
• abin hawa - wanda rikice-rikicen motsi ke ciki,
• nau'i na sensorimotor - alamu na duka nau'ikan suna haɗuwa.

Ta hanyar girman cutar, likitoci sun bambanta irin waɗannan siffofin - m, na kullum, mara zafi da amyotrophic.

Yin rigakafin

Idan mutum ya riga ya kamu da cutar sankara, to ya kamata ku yi hankali sosai kuma ku guji rikice-rikice. Matakan rigakafi a kan polyneuropathy sun haɗa da daidaitaccen tsarin abinci, hanyar rayuwa mai aiki, cirewa daga halaye marasa kyau, kuma mai haƙuri yana buƙatar kula da nauyin jiki da kuma kula da matakan glucose na jini.

Sanadin da Matsalar Hadarin

Abinda ke haifar da cutar sankarar bargo na kai tsaye shine yawan karuwa a cikin sukarin jini wanda ke faruwa a cikin ciwon sukari sakamakon rage yawan hawan insulin. A lokaci guda, hanyar lalacewar ƙwayoyin jijiya a cikin wannan yanayin yana da yawa kuma yana haifar da abubuwa da yawa na hanyoyin bincike. Abubuwa da yawa sun taka rawar jagoranci.

1. Rashin narkewar ƙwayar cuta a cikin ƙwayar jijiya. Rashin insulin yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa glucose daga jini baya shiga cikin sel, wanda hyperglycemia ya bayyana. A lokaci guda, wannan carbohydrate shine babba kuma kusan shine tushen tushen kuzari don ƙwayar jijiya. Rashin ƙarfin kuzari yana haifar da lalata fiber da ci gaban polyneuropathy na ciwon sukari.
2. Janar na rayuwa cuta. Sakamakon karancin glucose a cikin kyallen, ana hada hanyoyin wuce gona da iri don rama raunin kuzarin. Wannan yana haifar da ƙirƙirar jikin ketone (samfurin lalacewa na mai) da sauran abubuwa masu guba waɗanda zasu iya lalata ƙwayar jijiya.
3. Rashin lafiyar Ischemic. A cikin ciwon sukari na mellitus, haɓakar angiopathies (raunuka na jijiyoyin jiki) da ke hade da matakai na cuta a cikin bango na jijiyoyin jiki halayyar halayya ce. Wannan yana rage samarda jini zuwa kasusuwa da gabobin jiki, musamman a matakin microcirculatory. Rashin yaduwar jini yana kara ruruta tunanin rashin karfin kuzari a cikin jijiyoyin jiki kuma yana haɓaka lalacewar su.

Yiwuwar haɓakar cutar sankarar ƙwayar cutar hanta tana da yawa a cikin marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari mellitus, sau da yawa suna cin abincin kuma suna shan magungunan cututtukan jini. A wasu halaye, rikice-rikice na jijiyoyin mahaifa na iya zama farkon alamar rashin isasshen samar da insulin, amma mafi yawan ƙwayoyin cuta suna faruwa shekaru da yawa bayan haɓakar ciwon sukari. Canje-canje na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta a cikin tsarin juyayi ba zai yiwu ba.

Siffofin cutar

Kwayar cutar cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta mamaye nau'ikan asibiti daban-daban, dangane da wane jijiyoyin wanne rukuni ke shafar su. Akwai takamaiman tattaunawa game da rarrabuwa a cikin jama'ar kimiyya.

Tare da haɓaka lalacewar jijiya, canje-canje na cututtukan cuta yawanci ba a iya juyawa, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci don hana ci gaban yanayin.

A cewar wasu masu bincike, gaskiya cutar sankarar bargo ta daya ya kamata a yi la’akari da ita daya daga cikin nau’in lalacewar tsarin juyayi a cikin cututtukan mellitus - distal Symmetric sensorimotor neuropathy. Daga wannan ra'ayi, yanayin yana da bambance-bambancen karatu na karatun asibiti:

• take hakkin jijiyoyin kai da kuma raunin jijiyoyin jiki (alal misali, Achilles). Wannan wani tsari ne mai sauqi, a tsawon shekaru an ci gaba ba tare da an samu ci gaba ba,
• lalacewar mutum jijiyoyi, samun wani ko m hali. Mafi yawanci yana shafar kututturar jijiyoyin hannu (ulnar, femoral, jijiyoyi na tsakiya) da kuma kai (a fuska, trigeminal, oculomotor),
• kumburi da lalacewar jijiyoyi na ƙananan ƙarshen, yana tasiri cikin ciki na ciki. Ana nuna shi da babban ciwo kuma yana rikitarwa sau da yawa ta hanyar cututtukan trophic na ƙafa da kafafu, gangrene.

Wani batun ra'ayi shine dukkanin nau'ikan lalacewa na jijiya a cikin mellitus na ciwon sukari ana kiran su azaman ciwon sukari na polyneuropathy. A wannan yanayin, ana rarrabe nau'ikan sensorimotor neuropathy da neuropathy autonomic. Kashi na biyu ya hada da ɗalibai, ƙwayar jijiyoyi, gumi, siffofin zuciya - dangane da wane tsari ko gungumen da cutar ta fi shafa. Na dabam, ciwon mara na neuropathic cachexia an rarrabe shi - ciwo mai raɗaɗi wanda ya haɗa da sensorimotor da autonomic neuropathy tare da raguwa mai yawa a cikin nauyin jiki.

Matakan cutar

A halin yanzu babu ingantaccen tsarin ƙayyadaddun matakai na matakan cututtukan cututtukan masu ciwon sukari. Koyaya, ilimin halayyar dan adam yana da halayyar ci gaba, ƙaruwar haɓaka a cikin alamu ya dogara da matakin hyperglycemia, nau'in neuropathy, salon mai haƙuri. A cikin sharuddan gabaɗaya, za a iya raba hanyar cutar zuwa matakai:

1. Bayyanar bayyanar neurogenic. Waɗannan sun haɗa da raunin azanci, jin "goosebumps" akan fatar, a wasu yanayi - jin zafi tare da kututturar jijiya kuma a cikin yanayin ɗabi'ar su. Wannan yanayin na iya tsawan shekaru da yawa kuma ba zai shiga cikin matsanancin yanayi ba.
2. Rashin Mota. Suna tasowa lokacin da ƙwayoyin injin suka shiga cikin hanyar cutar, ciki har da tsarin juyayi na kansa. Juyawar murji, paresis zai iya haɓaka, kuma yana da wuya sosai - cramps. Lokacin da aka shafi jijiyoyin jijiyoyin zuciya, damuwa a cikin masauki, sassauyawar ɗalibai, gumi, da aikin jijiyoyin jini da narkewa.
3. Rashin damuwa. Yawancin mummunan sakamakon cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na ci gaba sakamakon haɗuwa da tsarin ilimin halittar ciki da rikicewar microcirculatory. Zasu iya kasancewa duka biyun (cututtukan trophic, gangrene na ƙafa), da kuma gabaɗaya cikin yanayi (ƙwaƙwalwar mahaifa).

Wani sakamakon gama gari na cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta shine raunin kashi na 3 da na huɗu na jijiyoyin cranial waɗanda ke da alhakin motsin gira. Wannan yana haɗuwa da mummunan lalacewa a cikin hangen nesa sakamakon cin zarafin matakai na masauki, daidaituwa, sassauyawar ɗalibai, ci gaban anisocoria da strabismus. Mafi sau da yawa, wannan hoton yana haɓakawa a cikin marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari sama da shekaru 50, waɗanda suka daɗe suna wahala daga wasu alamun bayyanar cutar neuropathy.

Bayyanar cututtuka na cututtukan ƙwayar cutar sankara

Polyneuropathy na ciwon sukari ana nuna shi ta hanyar bayyananniya iri-iri, hoton na asibiti ya dogara ne da nau'in cutar sankara, matakin ci gabanta, da nau'in ƙwayoyin jijiya (motar motsa jiki, ƙanshi, mai cin gashin kansa) waɗanda aka fi shafa. Mafi yawancin lokuta, rikicewar jijiya (musamman yawan zafin jiki da rawar jiki) sun fara bayyana. Daga baya, rikicewar motsi (rauni na tsoka, paresis) na iya shiga tare da su. Idan an shafa jijiyoyin ƙwallon ido, anisocoria da strabismus na faruwa.

Cutar tana da rauni a yanayin, bayyanannunta a hankali suna ƙaruwa a cikin shekaru masu yawa, rabon haɓaka ya dogara da cancantar kulawa da ciwon sukari da kuma daidaita matakan sukari na al'ada.

Kwayar cutar ciwon sukari kusan kullum tana tare da rikicewar yanayin ciyayi, akasari akan ƙananan hanji. Da farko, zazzabi da fata na ƙafafu da ƙananan kafafu ya ragu, ƙetare fata yana yiwuwa - peeling, keratinization. Raunin rauni da raunin kafafu suna warkar da tsayi da wahala. Yayin da ake ci gaba da cutar, da ciwo mai zafi a cikin kafafu (duka a hutawa da lokacin motsa jiki), cututtukan trophic. Lokaci zuwa lokaci, necrosis na sassan ƙafafun mutum yakan fara zama, wanda daga baya ya juya zuwa cikin gangrene.

Matsaloli da ka iya yiwuwa da kuma sakamako

Ci gaban polyneuropathy na ciwon sukari na iya haifar da paresis da rauni na tsoka, wanda ke iyakance motsi. Lalacewa a cikin jijiyoyin cranial yana haifar da gurguntar fatar fuska da damuwa na gani. Rashin daidaituwa a cikin mahaifa wanda ke tare da polyneuropathy na ƙarshen shine yawanci rikitarwa ta cututtukan trophic da gangrene, wanda hakan alama ce don yanke kafafu.

Yiwuwar haɓakar cutar sankarar ƙwayar cutar hanta tana da yawa a cikin marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari mellitus, sau da yawa suna cin abincin kuma suna shan magungunan cututtukan jini.

Mafi rikicewar rikice rikice na cututtukan ciwon sukari shine ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, tare da asarar nauyi, rikicewar sensorimotor da cututtuka masu yawa na gabobin ciki.

Tsarin yanayin ba shi da matsala, tunda ɓacin ran da ba a iya gyarawa. Koyaya, gano lokaci na gano cutar a haɗe tare da zaɓin maganin da aka zaɓa daidai zai iya rage girman ci gabanta.

Polyneuropathy na ciwon sukari a cewar ICD-10

A wannan yanayin, akwai ƙananan ƙungiyoyi na wannan ilimin da suke da lambar kansu:

• G61. Idan ilimin haɓaka ya haɗu da tushen ci gaban kumburi wanda ke faruwa a cikin jikin mutum.
• G62. Yana nufin wasu nau'in polyneuropathy. Wannan rukunin ya hada bangarori da yawa a lokaci daya.
• G63 Wannan shine babban tsarin taro. Kawai a ciki zaku iya samun ƙananan sashin da suka zama dole. A wannan yanayin, lambar ICD-10 don cutar ciwon sukari za ta zama G63.2.

Don haka, wannan binciken ya fadi a cikin wani babban yanki na rarrabuwa na duniya. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cikakkun bayanai game da cutar da kanta.

Distal

A wannan yanayin, muna magana ne akan aiwatar da mutuwar jijiyoyin jijiya a jikin mutum. Wannan yana nufin cewa bayan wani lokaci na ci gaba da cutar, mai haƙuri yana fara rasa hankali mai mahimmanci, wanda galibi ana cikin gida a cikin ƙananan ƙarshen (ko kuma a ƙafa).

Idan mai ciwon sukari yana da wannan nau'in cutar, to a wannan yanayin zai yi gunaguni da raunin azaba mai rauni, wanda wani lokacin ya zama mai ƙarfi sosai cewa ba shi yiwuwa yin bacci ko yin abubuwa na yau da kullun. Dayawa sun fara da kafaɗunsu mara kyau.

Idan polyneuropathy na distal na ci gaba, to wannan zai haifar da cikakkiyar ƙwayar tsoka, kuma kasusuwa sun lalace. Latafar ƙafafu zata haɓaka. Wannan na iya haifar da buƙatar yankan ƙafa.

Peripheral

Idan muna magana ne game da wannan nau'in cutar, to a wannan yanayin akwai matsaloli masu girman gaske game da aikin firikwensin ƙananan ƙarshen. A wasu yanayi, jin daɗin ji a cikin masu ciwon sukari suna bayyana a hannu.

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, yawan nau'in wannan ilimin ilimin halittu sau da yawa yana haɓaka gaba da asalin gaskiyar cewa likitoci sun yanke shawarar yin amfani da magungunan antiviral mai ƙarfi. An san su da yawan sakamako masu illa. Sabili da haka, lokacin da irin waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka suka bayyana, ya zama dole don watsi da hanya nan da nan ta amfani da magani mai ƙarfi, zaɓi wani daban na ilimin.

Dysmetabolic

Wannan nau'in cutar shine halin wasu ƙarin cututtukan da ke bayyana tare da ciwon suga. Marasa lafiya suna fara gunaguni da matsaloli tare da ciki, hanji, hanta da hanta. Hakanan ana shafar yawancin kumburin jijiya, waɗanda suke kan ƙananan haɓaka da ƙananan baya. Sciatic ko femoral neurons sun lalace. A wannan yanayin, mutum yana da ciwo mai zafi a yankin da abin ya shafa, cututtukan trophic na iya haɓaka.

Bayan asalin wannan nau'in cutar, ya zama da wuya mutum ya zaga. Cikakken jiji da gwiwoyi sun shuxe. Likitocin sau da yawa suna fuskantar yanayi inda marasa lafiya ke fama da lahani ga jijiyoyin jiki, tsokoki, ko jijiyoyin jiki.

Koyaya, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa wannan nau'in cutar na iya faruwa ba tare da wani jin zafi ba.

Dalilai don ci gaban ilimin halayyar cuta

Idan zamuyi magana game da manyan alamu waɗanda ke shafar bayyanar cututtukan ciwon sukari na ƙananan ƙarshen, to, a wannan yanayin, ba shakka, muna magana ne da farko game da yawan sukarin jini mai yawa sosai da kuma yanayi idan mutum ya ɗanɗana karancin insulin.

Hakanan, wannan ilimin zai iya samar da akasin haka daga:

• Rashin damuwa na endocrine.
• Ciwon koda da cutar hanta.
• Damuwa
• Ya raunana rigakafi.
• Cutar cututtuka daban-daban.
• Matsalar giya.
• Guba.

Hakanan, mutum na iya haɓaka wannan ilimin idan yana fama da atherosclerosis, nephropathy, retinopathy, hauhawar jini, ƙarancin bitamin, da kiba. Ba sakamako mafi kyau shine shan taba. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a kula da tsofaffi, kamar yadda a wannan yanayin yiwuwar haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta sun fi girma.

Magungunan magani

Don hanzarta mayar da aikin ƙwayoyin jijiya da taimakawa dawo da aikinsu, likitoci galibi sukan ba da kuɗaɗe don samar da abubuwan gina jiki. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, rukunin B yana nufin su.Kuma, gwani na iya ba da maganin alpha-lipoic acid.

Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa tare da jiyya na pathogenetic, ba za a yi saurin sakamako mai sauri ba. Hanyar magani yakan kasance tsawon lokaci, saboda haka kuna buƙatar haƙuri.

Koyaya, wasu lokuta marassa lafiya suna shan azaba ta irin wannan tsananin zafin da ba za su iya yin bacci ba kuma su shiga ayyukan da suka saba. Dayawa sun fara haɓaka damuwa da baƙin ciki. Don adana mai haƙuri daga abin da ba a sani ba, likitan na iya ba da maganin cututtukan ciki, magungunan anticonvulsant, da kuma masu aikin jinya.

Dayawa sun yanke shawarar fara Ibuprofen da kansu. Koyaya, dole ne a ɗauka a zuciya cewa zaku iya amfani da wannan maganin rashin steroidal anti-inflammatory kawai a cikin taƙaitattun darussan. In ba haka ba, akwai haɗarin lalacewar mucosa na ciki.

Treatmentsarin jiyya

Likita na iya bada shawarar daukar wani matakin motsa jiki, tausa ko motsa jiki. Irin waɗannan abubuwan sun taimaka wajen kawar da ciwo mai raɗaɗi. Yawan abinci mai gina jiki ya inganta. Godiya ga wannan, za'a iya guje wa atrophy.

An kyale Massage don yinwa, duka daidaitattun kuma maganin acupuncture. Zaɓi zaɓi na biyu, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓi ƙwararre. Kada ku yi acupuncture a gida.

Ana bayar da sakamako mai kyau ta hanyar abinci. A cikin abincin mai haƙuri ya kamata ya kasance mai yawan abincin da zai yiwu, mai arziki a cikin abubuwa masu amfani da abubuwan bitamin. Masana sun bada shawarar cin lentil, kwayoyi, tsaba, wake, tumatir, faski, gyada, gyada, abincin teku.