Kulawa da glucose yana da mahimmanci ga nau'in ciwon sukari na 2

Ana gudanar da binciken mutanen da ke fama da cutar siga bisa ga tsarin shawarar da aka ba su. Mutumin da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ana buƙatar kulawa da shi akai-akai don abubuwan da ke nuna masu zuwa:

Ana iya auna glucose na jini a asibiti, sashen inpatient ko a gida.
Yankin shawarar glucose na jini (wanda aka zaba a matakin glucose) yakamata a saita maka ZAN IYA. Likita zai taimaka muku da wannan.

Kulawa da glucose na jini kayan aiki ne mai amfani wajen amfani da ciwon sukari. Dayyade glucose na jini zai nuna maka yadda jikinka yake amsa tsarin abinci, tsarin aikin likita, motsa jiki, da damuwa.

Kulawa da kanka zai taimake ka ka gane lokacin da glucose dinka ya tashi ko faduwa, hakan zai sanya ka cikin hadarin. Mutumin da ya kamu da cutar sukari na 2 zai iya sanin matakin glucose daga yatsa akan nasu. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar mita na glucose na jini da tsinke gwaji.

Hanya don ƙayyade glucose jini ta amfani da glucometer:

Ya dace kuma ba mai raɗaɗi ba azaman farcen yatsan a gefe tare da taimakon madaidaiciyar huda ta atomatik (alal misali, Penlet Plus alkalami) tare da allura na lancet mai matsanancin ƙarfi.
Matsi digo na jini.
A hankali, ba tare da shafawa ba, sanya ɗigon abin da ya haifar a kan tsiri gwajin.
Bayan 30-60 seconds (duba umarnin masu ƙera kaya), goge jini mai yawa tare da adiko na goge baki.
Kimanta sakamakon a kan sikelin kwatanta ko amfani da nunin mitirin.

Mitar gwargwadon yanayin glucose na jini:

tare da diyya na ciwon sukari sau 2 a rana (a kan komai a ciki da sa'o'i 2 bayan cin abinci) 1 lokaci a cikin makonni 1-2 + ƙarin ma'aunin kyautatawa,
Idan kun sha magungunan rage sukari kuma ku bi wani tsarin abinci tare da aikin jiki, to ya zama dole a sarrafa glucose na jini sau da yawa, yawanci 2 sa'o'i bayan cin abinci don sanin ko kuna da kyakkyawan iko akan cutar kuli-kuli,
idan kun kasance a kan ilimin insulin, to, kuna buƙatar sarrafa glucose jini sau da yawa kafin cin abinci don ƙididdige yawan adadin insulin ɗin da ake buƙata,
in babu diyya, likitan ma'aunin likita ne ya ƙaddara,
tare da canje-canje a cikin abinci, yanayi, yanayin motsa jiki, lokacin daukar ciki, lokacin zaɓin kashi na insulin, dole ne a aiwatar da aikin sa ido har zuwa sau 8 a rana:

Glycosylated haemoglobin

Haɓaka matakin Hemoglobin na glycosylated (sama da 6.5%) yana nuna tsawan hyperglycemia (haɓaka yawan glucose jini sama da ƙimar al'ada). Carriedayyadadden matakin glycosylated haemoglobin ana aiwatar dashi ba tare da la’akari da yawan abinci ba (zai yiwu akan komai a ciki ko bayan cin abinci).

Mitar jijiyoyin jini na jini:

Fitsari Glucose Level

Yanzu, abin da aka yarda da shi gaba ɗaya shine cewa ƙudurin glucose a cikin fitsari don kula da ciwon sukari na yau da kullun ba shi da tasiri.

Don sanin ko kana buƙatar ƙayyade glucose a cikin fitsari tare da tsinkayyar gwaji, kuna buƙatar sanin ƙofar gidanku, shine, matakin glucose a cikin jini wanda glucose ya bayyana a cikin fitsari.

Hanya don ƙaddarar glucose fitsari ta amfani da alamun nunawa:

Samun matsakaicin fitsari safe (na farko da na ƙarshe don runtse cikin bayan gida).
Abun da ke nuna alamar tsinkayen gwaji don tantance glucose a cikin fitsari ya kamata a tsoma baki gaba daya cikin fitsari ba fiye da 1 na biyu ba.
Bayan cirewa, cire fitsari mai yawa daga kashi mai nuna alama.
Bayan minti 2 daga lokacin da aka tsintar tsiri, yanke hukunci abubuwan da ke cikin fitsari a cikin fitsari ta amfani da ma'aunin launi da aka nuna a gefen bangon tube.

Akai-akai na tabbatar da yawan glucose a cikin fitsari:

Matakan ketone matakan

Tare da rashin carbohydrates da / ko insulin, jiki ba ya karɓar makamashi daga glucose kuma dole ne ya yi amfani da ajiyar mai maimakon mai. Ketone gawarwakin samfuran kitsen jikinsu suna shiga cikin jini, kuma daga nan zuwa cikin fitsari, inda za'a iya gano su ta hanyar tsinke gwaji na musamman ko kwamfutar gwaji.

A yau, ana amfani da gwajin fitsari don jikin ketone da farko a cikin mutanen da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1, da wuya nau'ikan 2 (bayan tashin hankali). Idan kana da matakin glucose na jini na 14-15 mmol / L, ya kamata a yi urinalysis don kasancewar jikin ketone. idan kai mai SmartScan ne ko One Touch Basic Plus mita, mitar da kanta zata tunatar da kai cewa kana bukatar yin wani bincike irin wannan idan ya zama dole.

Hanya don ƙaddarar glucose fitsari ta amfani da alamun nunawa:

Samun matsakaicin fitsari safe (na farko da na ƙarshe don runtse cikin bayan gida).
Cikuda cikakken abin da ke nuna alamar tsiri a cikin fitsari bai wuce 1 na biyu ba.
Cire tsirin gwajin daga cikin fitsari, cire ruwan da ya wuce haddi a jikin mai nuna alama.
Bayan minti 2 daga lokacin da aka tsintar tsiri, yanke abin da ke ciki na jikin ketone (a cikin nau'in acetoacetic acid) ta amfani da ma'aunin launi.

Mitar jijiyoyin jini na jini:

Gudanar da ciwon sukari

Kulawa da glycemia wajibi ne don ganewar asali da kuma mafi girman sarrafa sukari. A yanzu, ana amfani da hanyoyi guda biyu don tantance alamun sukari na jini: gwajin glucose mai azumi, gwajin juriya na glucose.

An dauki jini don nazarin alamomin matakin glycemic daga yatsa, mai haƙuri dole ne ya guji cin abinci na aƙalla 8 hours kafin bincike.

Gwajin haƙuri da haƙuri yana ba wa mai haƙuri abincin da ya dace. Ana gudanar da binciken ne a kan komai a ciki, tabbatar zuwa bayan awoyi 10 na azumi, nisantar shan taba, shan giya.

Likitoci sun hana yin bincike, idan mai ciwon suga yana cikin yanayin damuwa ga jiki, wannan na iya zama:

maganin rashin lafiya
wuce gona da iri na hanta,
lokacin haihuwa
tafiyar matakai na cuta.

Kafin bincike, an nuna cewa magungunan da zasu iya shafar matakan sukari na jini an nuna su: hormones, diuretics, antidepressants, contraceptives, psychotropic abubuwa.

Baya ga daidaitattun hanyoyin dakin gwaje-gwaje na saka idanu na alamun glycemia, na'urori masu ɗauka don kulawa da sukari na jini a waje da cibiyar likitanci za'a iya amfani dashi.

Gudanar da sukari

Marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari yakamata su san yadda zasu sarrafa sukarin jininsu ba tare da barin gida ba. Don waɗannan dalilai, ana bada shawara don siyan na'ura ta musamman - glucometer. Sakamakon da aka samu ta amfani da na'urar yana da matuƙar aminci.

Tare da barga mai narkewa, sarrafa sukari a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 bazai tsaurara ba, amma saka idanu na yau da kullun game da matakan sukari ba za a iya kauce masa tare da nau'in cutar ta farko ba, lalacewar koda na sakandare da ke haifar da ciwon sukari. Hakanan, ana nuna ikon sarrafa glucose ga mata masu juna biyu da masu ciwon sukari, glycemia mara tsayayye.

Mitar glucose na jini na zamani suna iya yin aiki tare da ƙaramin jini, suna da littafin kundin ginannun ciki wanda ake yin duk matakan ma'auni na sukari. Yawancin lokaci, don samun sakamako daidai, digo ɗaya na jini ya isa, zaku iya sarrafa sukarin jini a kowane lokaci da ko'ina.

Koyaya, gwargwadon cutar ta glycemia a asibiti ya zama mai karin bayani. Ana ganin matakin sukari daidai ne idan yana hawa tsakanin:

daga 3.3 zuwa 5.5 mmol / lita (na jini mai kyau),
daga 4.4 zuwa 6.6 mmol / lita (a cikin jinin venous).

Lokacin da aka sami lambobi mafi girma ko ƙasa sosai, muna magana ne game da hypoglycemia ko hyperglycemia, irin waɗannan yanayin cututtukan cuta suna daidai da haɗari ga lafiyar ɗan adam, na iya haifar da tashin hankali, asarar hankali da sauran rikice-rikice.

Mutumin da ba shi da ciwon sukari yawanci ba shi da matsaloli na musamman game da haɗuwar glucose. An yi bayanin wannan ta hanyar glycogen a cikin hanta, adon mai da tsokoki na kasusuwa.

Ciwan sukari na iya raguwa a ƙarƙashin yanayin yunwar da ta daɗe, raguwa a fili ta jiki, alamomin zasu kasance: rauni mai ƙarfi, ƙin halayen psychomotor.

Hyperglycemia da hauhawar jini

Hyperglycemia ya kamata yana nufin karuwa a cikin glycemia, ana gano wannan yanayin lokacin da sakamakon binciken ya nuna adadi sama da 6.6 mmol / lita. Game da hyperglycemia, an nuna shi don gudanar da maimaita kulawa da sukari na jini, ana maimaita nazarin sau da yawa a cikin mako. Idan an sake gano alamun da suka wuce gona da iri, likitan zai tuhumi masu ciwon sukari.

Lambobi a cikin kewayon daga 6.6 zuwa 11 mmol / lita suna nuna cin zarafin juriya ga carbohydrates, sabili da haka, ya kamata a yi ƙarin gwajin haƙuri glucose. Idan wannan hanyar bincike tana nuna glucose sama da maki 11, mutumin yana da ciwon sukari.

Irin wannan mai haƙuri an wajabta shi mai tsaurin abincin, in babu ingancinsa, ana bada ƙarin ƙarin magunguna don daidaita ƙwayar cutar glycemia. Wani muhimmin magani shine matsakaici na jiki.

Babban abin da ake buƙatar sa masu ciwon sukari cikin sauƙin sarrafa sukarin su shine madaidaiciyar tsari, wanda ya ƙunshi juzu'i, abinci mai yawa. Yana da mahimmanci a cire abinci daga abinci:

tare da babban glycemic index,
sauki carbohydrates.

An nuna shi don cire samfuran gari kamar yadda zai yiwu, maye gurbinsu da burodi da bran.

Hypoglycemia shine yanayin akasin haka, lokacin da sukari na jini ya ragu zuwa matakai masu mahimmanci. Idan mutum yana da koshin lafiya, yawanci baya jin raguwar cutar glycemia, amma masu ciwon sukari, akasin haka, suna buƙatar magani.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da rage sukari na iya zama: karancin carbohydrates, rashin abinci a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, rashin daidaituwa na hormonal, ƙarancin motsa jiki.

Hakanan, babban adadin barasa na iya tsokani rage yawan sukarin jini.

Yadda ake kula da glucose na yau da kullun

Abinda yafi dacewa don sarrafa glycemic shine daidaitaccen tsarin abinci, saboda sukari yana shiga jiki daga abinci. Ya isa a bi wasu ƙa'idodi waɗanda ke taimaka kada a rikitar da metabolism.

Yana da amfani a ci sardines, kifin salmon, irin wannan kifin yana da tasiri sosai ga metabolism sakamakon kasancewar kitse mai ƙima. Don rage alamun bayyanar cutar sankara na taimakawa tumatir, ganye, apples. Idan mutum ya gwammace ku ci zaƙi, zai fi kyau ku zaɓi cakulan baki ɗaya .. Kuna iya yin jerin irin waɗannan abincin akan wayar, wannan zai taimaka muku yin zaɓin da ya dace.

Tare da yin amfani da fiber, ana iya samun daidaituwa na metabolism metabolism, hakan zai rage yiwuwar canje-canje a cikin glycemia.

Tsarin aiki na zahiri yana ba da gudummawa ga tsarin alamu na glycemia ba ƙasa da:

daban-daban darussan cinye glycogen da kyau,
glucose, wanda ya zo da abinci, ba ya ƙaruwa da sukari.

Dole ne a tuna cewa ciwon sukari ya ƙunshi wani salon rayuwa. Idan kun bi shawarwarin, ku kula da tsarin rayuwa mai kyau da kuma sarrafa sukari na jini, mara haƙuri ba ya fama da cututtuka masu haɗuwa kuma baya jin alamun cutar sankarau. Wani rigakafin zai taimaka don kauce wa asarar hangen nesa a cikin ciwon sukari.

Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin zai ba da cikakken bayani game da matakan sukari na jini.

Muhimmin abu

Thearfin kiyaye cutar a ƙarƙashin kulawa da kuma kula da ingancin magani a cikin marasa lafiya kowace rana ciwon sukari ya bayyana a farkon 70s na karshe karni. Na farko mitsi na jini (na'urorin aunawa jini) suna da yawa kuma ba su da wahala a yi amfani da su, amma sun sa hakan, ba tare da barin gida ba, don lura da yanayin su.

Ko da waɗanda suke tsunduma cikin kulawa koyaushe jini, ba shi da rauni a ɗauki wani bincike akai-akai - ga matakin glycated haemoglobin, wanda ke nuna (amma ba daidai yake da shi ba a lamba) matsakaicin matakin glucose na jini sama da watanni 3 da suka gabata. Idan dabi'un da aka samu sun fi 7% yawa, to wannan wani lamari ne da zai ninka yawan kulawa da kai da canza tsarin kulawa da shi daban-daban ko tare da likita.

Bayan haka, jin daɗin rayuwa, har ma da mummunan karkacewa a cikin ƙimar glucose na jini a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari, na iya zama al'ada gaba ɗaya. Kuma wannan shine babban rashin girman cutar. Mutum na iya jin daɗi kuma bai yi shakkar cewa ya kasance matakai biyu ne daga hypoglycemia (yanayin haɗari na rayuwa wanda aka san shi da raguwar glucose jini a ƙasa da 3.9 mmol / L, wanda zai haifar da cutar hauhawar jini tare da asarar hankali).

Kuma a cikin wannan ma'anar, bayyanar a cikin 80s na ƙarni na karshe na kwalliya masu ɗaukar nauyi wanda ke aunawa a cikin secondsan sakan kaɗan, masana sun gwada mahimmanci tare da gano insulin. Tare da bayyanar su a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari mellitus, ya zama mai yiwuwa ba kawai don magance yanayin su ba, har ma don canza allurai na magungunan da aka ɗauka lokacin da alamu na al'ada suka canza.

A cikin ƙasarmu, an fara amfani da glucose na farko da aka fara amfani dashi a farkon shekarun 90. Kuma tun daga wannan lokacin suka zama aminiyar ta yawan masu haƙuri da cutar siga.

Alexander Mayorov ya ce "A da, majinyatanmu dole ne su zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje sau daya a wata kuma suyi gwajin jini a rana da gwajin fitsari a kullun," in ji Alexander Mayorov. - Idan sakamakon gwaje-gwajen ya kasance mai kyau, an yi imani cewa mai haƙuri zai zauna lafiya a kan waɗannan alamomi na tsawon wata guda, wanda, ba shakka, ƙage ne. Tabbas, tare da ciwon sukari, yanayin yana canzawa koyaushe. Ya danganta da abinci mai gina jiki, damuwa ta jiki da ta ruhi, da dai sauransu. Matan ƙullin gulub ɗin jini na zamani suna ajiyewa cikin ƙwaƙwalwar su sakamakon da yake daidai da kwanan wata da lokacin aunawa. Ba tare da saka idanu akai-akai na glucose na jini ba (wani lokacin a tsakiyar dare), marasa lafiyar mu ba zasu iya yi ba. Babban abu shine a yi shi dai-dai.

Wanene, ta yaya, yaushe?

Shekaru da yawa na amfani da glucose a cikin ƙasarmu, ƙwararrun masana sun ƙaddara yanayin mafi kyau na sarrafa glucose na jini a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon sukari, ya danganta da irin cutar da yake fama da ita, da wane irin magani yake ciki, da kuma irin sakamakon da ya samu magani da ya sami nasarar cimma.

A cikin marasa lafiya da nau'in sukari na 1 na sukari mellitus, kulawa da kai na matakan glucose na jini ana aiwatar da su aƙalla sau 4 a rana (kafin kowane abinci da dare). Bugu da ƙari, zaku iya ganin glucose na jini a tsakiyar dare, bayan cin abinci mara amfani, m motsa jiki, da (a lokaci-lokaci) sa'o'i 2 bayan cin abinci.

A nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na sukari, yawan awo na iya bambanta. Idan mai haƙuri ya karɓi insulin a cikin yanayin maimaita injections, to ya kamata ya sarrafa matakin glucose na jini daidai da yadda masu haƙuri suke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 - aƙalla sau 4 a rana. Idan yana kan allunan ne da / ko kuma akan allura guda ne na insulin aiki, naƙasa guda ɗaya kowace rana a lokuta daban-daban na rana ya isa. Kuma a ƙarshe, idan mai haƙuri ya karɓi abin da ake kira insulin gauraye (gajere da aiki mai tsawo a cikin kwalba ɗaya), yakamata ya gudanar da aikin sa-ido kan guluk ɗin jini akalla sau 2 a rana a lokuta daban-daban.

Bugu da kari, marassa lafiya masu dauke da nau'in ciwon sukari guda 2, suna shan allunan-sukari, yakamata su shirya wa kansu wani abin da ake kira bayanin kula da kai-tsaye game da matakin glucose na jini, wanda shine a kalla 4 a kowace rana.

Manufofin matakan glucose na jini wanda yakamata kuyi ƙoƙari yayin gudanar da aikin kulawa-da-kai mutum ɗaya ne kuma ya kamata a tattauna tare da likitanka.

Optionsarin zaɓuɓɓuka

Baya ga saka idanu a cikin glucose, a wasu yanayi, marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari mellitus na iya buƙatar auna matakan abubuwan da ake kira jikin ketone, wanda aka kirkira a cikin adadi mai yawa yayin lalata cutar da rashin babban insulin a cikin jiki. A baya can, kawai gwajin gwaji don tantance jikin ketone a cikin fitsari ya kasance ga irin wannan mara lafiyar. Amma yanzu na'urori masu ɗaukar hoto sun bayyana wanda ke ba marasa lafiya damar sanin jikin ketone a cikin jini, wanda yafi bada labari, saboda gawarwakin ketone suna bayyana a cikin fitsari koda kuwa waɗannan alamu suna kashe sikeli.

Af, saboda wannan dalili, kwanan nan sun watsar da kulawa ta kai-tsaye game da matakan glucose fitsari, barin wannan bincike don gwajin asibiti da kuma gwaje-gwaje na kariya.

Wasu masana'antun sunadarai sun kara tafiya har suka fara samar da na’urorin da, ban da matakin glucose da ketone jikin a cikin jini, wanda kuma zai iya tantance cholesterol da sauran abubuwan lipids na jini, wadanda ake tashe su a yawancin masu fama da cutar siga.

Anan, ala, yan kadan zasu iya samun irin wannan matakin na kamun kai. Duk da ƙa'idodin da aka shimfida a cikin sabbin shawarwarin Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Federationungiyar Rasha, da keɓaɓɓiyar samar da tayin kyauta na abubuwan gwaji (masu amfani) don glucometers ga marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 (ma'aunin 1460 a kowace shekara) da nau'in 2 (ƙuduri na 730 a kowace shekara), daga - saboda matsaloli da kudade a yankuna, wadannan shawarwarin ba a aiwatar da su gaba daya, kuma a wasu ba a aiwatar da su kwata-kwata. Kuma wannan lamari ne da ya shafi damuwa ga likitocin kansu da kuma marassa lafiya, wanda a cikin sa ido-da-ido a cikin glucose na yau da kullun ya kamata ya zama wani ɓangare na ɓangaren kula da cutar sikari.