Cholesterol da gwajin glucose

Cholesterol a cikin ilimin halittar jini wani irin nau'in abinci ne na lafiyar dan adam. Misali, ta hanyar girmanta, mutum na iya tantance farkon ci gaban cututtukan nan masu kama da rashin lafiyar koda, rashin lafiyar atherosclerosis, cututtukan zuciya, ciwon suga, ciwon suga, hepatitis da sauran cututtukan mayaudara.

Nazarin dakin gwaje-gwaje na ƙididdigar jini yana taimakawa wajen daidaita matakin "daidai" cholesterol kuma don haka guje wa ci gaban cututtuka da yawa. Abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da irin wannan mahimmancin maganin ƙwayar cuta kuma menene sunan gwajin jini don cholesterol?

Darajar kwalabela ga jiki

Wannan abu na halitta yana aiki ne azaman irin steroid, mai alhakin ƙirƙirar ƙwayar sel, cikakken metabolism, samar da kwayoyin halittar jima'i da kuma isasshen aiki na dukkanin gabobin.

Idan amintaccen mahaɗin ya wuce, to, haɗarin samuwar filayen atherosclerotic, angina pectoris, bugun jini da sauran cututtukan haɗari suna ƙaruwa a daidai ci gaban.

Binciken cholesterol yana taimakawa wajen tantance hakikanin lafiyar, yanayin yanke hukunci wanda a zahiri yake nuna hoton yadda tsarin ke gudana a cikin jikin mutum.

Mahimmancin cholesterol yana da wuya a wuce gona da iri. Amma halayyar sa a koyaushe bashi da matsala. Hakanan, lipid na iya rufe jijiyoyin jini; in ba tare da shi ba, samuwar bile, sel kwayoyin, estrogen da testosterone, metabolism na yawancin bitamin (D, E, K, A) da metabolism-fat metabolism ne kawai ba zai yiwu ba.

Ya bambanta da imani cewa tsofaffi ne kawai ke da matsalar “cholesterol”, masu ilimin zamani suna bayar da shawarar sosai cewa marasa lafiya na kowane rukuni na yau da kullun suna lura da matakan cholesterol ɗin su.

Ana yin bincike don ƙwayar cholesterol, yanayin da ya bambanta dangane da yawan shekarun da suka rayu da jinsi, bisa ga alamu guda huɗu:

1. Jimlar maganin cholesterol (Chol),
2. LDL (low yawa lipoprotein, LDL) ko "mummunan" cholesterol da ke tattare da jigilar lipid zuwa ƙwayoyin sel. Yana da ikon tarawa cikin jini, yana haifar da ci gaban cututtukan da ke barazanar rayuwa - atherosclerosis, ciwon zuciya da sauransu,
3. HDL (babban yawa na lipoproteins, HDL) ko cholesterol mai fa'ida, wanda ke tsaftace hanyoyin jini na rashin wadataccen lipoproteins da rage hadarin cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki,
4. Triglycerides (TG) - nau'ikan sunadarai na plasma jini, wanda ya haifar, saboda hulɗa tare da cholesterol, kuzari kyauta don aiki mai kyau na jiki.

Kowane ɗayan waɗannan alamun suna bambanta cikin ayyukanta da abubuwan da aka tsara. Amma bayan nazarin duk maɓaranci dangane da alamomin gudanarwa, an yanke shawara ta ƙarshe game da matakin aikinta. Idan nazarin cholesterol al'ada ce, wannan yana nuna ingantacciyar lafiya da kuma lafiyar jiki. In ba haka ba, yanayin furotin cholesterol yana buƙatar magani da gyara na rigakafi.

Yaushe ake buƙatar bincike?

Ana yin gwaji na sukari da cholesterol idan mai haƙuri yana da alamun asibiti masu zuwa:

• Increaseara yawan zafin jiki a cikin hauhawar jini da hauhawar jini. Kwayar cuta tana nuna raguwa a cikin juriya na ganuwar jijiyoyin bugun gini da kuma yiwuwar samuwar filayen atherosclerotic a cikinsu.
• Ciwon mara na kullum. Suna iya kaiwa ga tuhuma game da batun ɓarna da manyan jiragen ruwa.
• Bakin bushewa. Alamar sakin jiki sau da yawa. Mafi girman bayanan furotin, yawan zafin xerostomia.
• Dizziness Yana faruwa lokacin da tsarin kararrakin kwakwalwa ya shiga cikin aikin jijiyoyin cuta. Ana lura da shi tare da atherosclerosis na tasirin jijiyar.
• Walƙiya tana tashi a gaban idanun kuma wani abin mamaki a kunne. Irin waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka suna faruwa ne daga tushen lalacewar gado na jijiyoyin bugun gini da kayan aikin kwayar ta retina.
• Paresthesia - abin mamakin jin dadi na tingling a cikin yatsun kafafu na sama.
• Dyspnea shine ƙarancin numfashin yanayi mai ban sha'awa.
• Tachycardia cin zarafi ne na zuciya.
• Cyanosis na alwatika na nasolabial da yatsun sa da banbancin tushen wadataccen jini zuwa ga sassan jiki na jiki.

Haɗin sukari da cholesterol

Idan jiki yana da rashi na insulin na hormone, wanda aka keɓance shi a cikin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, to akwai tsayayyen hyperglycemia - haɓakar glucose na jini. Halin yana barazanar lalata jijiyoyin jiki da rikicewar wasu gabobin da tsarin. Ta fuskar tushen sukari mai yawa, yanayin cin abinci yana canzawa don yarda da abinci mai dauke da sinadarin cholesterol, mutum yana fama da kiba kuma yana haifar da rayuwa mai tsayayye. Sakamakon haka, gutsuttsuran ƙwayoyin cuta - ƙananan ƙwayar lipoproteins da ƙarancin ƙarfi, triglycerides - suna shafar jijiyoyin bugun jini, suna haifar da ƙirƙirar filaye a cikin lumen. Sakamakon rikitarwa na waɗannan abubuwan a jikin mutum yana haifar da rikice rikice.

Shiri don kisa

Shirya kuma yadda yakamata ku ba da gudummawar jini don sukari, triglycerides, lipoproteins da sauran abubuwa na ƙirar ƙwayoyin cuta zasu taimaka shawara ta lokaci tare da likitan ku ko mai gudanar da bincike. Kafin ɗaukar gwajin, dole ne ku ƙi karin kumallo. Ba'a ba da shawarar sha wani abu ban da tsabta, har yanzu ruwa. Rana kafin, ya kamata a guji sake yin gyaran jiki. Bai kamata a gwada ku da sinadarin cholesterol ba bayan ku ci abinci masu ingancin ƙarfi da ƙarfi, abubuwan adon ruwa, kayan kwalliya. Kasancewar waɗannan abubuwa da shiri mara kyau na iya gurbata sakamako kuma yana shafar bayyanar cututtuka.

Gudanar da nau'ikan bincike

Ya kamata a gudanar da gwajin sigogi na dakin gwaje-gwaje a cikin asibitin asibiti na al'adar gaba daya da kuma maganin iyali. Suna ɗaukar jini a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje waɗanda ke sanye da kayan aiki na yau da kullun da kuma abubuwan jin daɗi don ganewar asali. An bayar da sakamakon ne a cikin nau'i. Kuna iya ba da gudummawar jini don glucose a gida. A saboda wannan, ana amfani da fasallan bayyanar gwaji tare da alamun alamun gwaji.

Babban bincike

An gudanar da binciken ne domin sanin matakan farin sel sel - farin sel, sel sel na rigakafi - abubuwanda ke haifar da kwayar cutar ta platelet. Jerin guda ɗin ya haɗa da matakin ƙoshin haemoglobin, wanda shine mai ɗaukar iskar oxygen. A cikin babban binciken, an kuma yi nazarin ƙimar maganin tsageran erythrocyte.

Bayanin nazarin halittu

Ya ƙunshi abubuwan da aka haɗa:

• Gwajin hepatic. Waɗannan sun haɗa da enzymes alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, da kuma gamma glutamyl transferase.
• Bilirubin - jimla da gutsuna. Latterarshen ya ƙunshi ƙayyadadden bilirubin kai tsaye.
• Kirkirar Shi ke da alhakin aikin kodan.

Lipidogram da kayan aikinta

Poarfin lipoproteins mai ƙima, mara nauyi da raguwa an ƙaddara su. Na'urar tana lissafin jigon lipid - rabo daga sassannnan aka rarraba. A matsayin ɓangare na wannan bincike, ana kirga triglycerides da ƙwayoyin cholesterol. Rashin abubuwa shine ke da alhakin yiwuwar da ƙimar ci gaban aikin atherosclerotic. Ana amfani da sigogin sakamako don tantance tsarin kulawa.

Bayyana sakamakon

Don yin bincike, dole ne a bi ka'idodin tsarin hadaddun abubuwa da jerin abubuwa. Binciken kwayoyin halitta shine mafi bayyanarwa. Amma idan kawai an inganta wasu bayanai, yana da kyau a sake maimaita gwajin don ƙarin cikakken hoto. Ana yin gwajin bincike ne ta atomatik kuma da hannu, lokacin da ya zama dole a iya haɗawa da alamun cutar asibiti.

Dalilin karuwa

Profilearin bayanin martaba na lipid yana nuna haɓaka aikin atherosclerotic. Alamar ce kai tsaye don rage cholesterol. Amma idan aka haɓaka sukari, suna magana game da ciwon sukari na nau'in farko ko na biyu. Sabili da haka, don inganta yanayin haƙuri, ana bada shawara don runtse cholesterol da kawar da hyperglycemia. Lokacin da matakin alanine aminotransferase ya wuce 41 U / L na maza da 31 U / L na mata, wannan yana nuna mummunar lalacewar gabobin zuciya da tsarin narkewa. Amma idan amzy na amylase ya tashi sama da 100 U / L, suna magana ne game da cututtukan pancreatitis ko pancreatic necrosis.

Alamu don gwaji don sukari da cholesterol

Ana yin gwajin jini na cholesterol yawanci don tantance haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da ke tattare da rashin daidaituwa tsakanin lipids na jini. Irin waɗannan rikice-rikice suna da mahimmanci, ko da yake ba ita kaɗai ba, dalilai a cikin ci gaban atherosclerosis, haɗe tare da bambance-bambancen daban-daban na rikice-rikice, wanda aka sanya filayen cholesterol a cikin lumen tasoshin, saboda dyslipidemia, wanda ke kawo cikas ga samar da jini ga gabobin masu mahimmanci: zuciya, kwakwalwa, wata gabar jiki, wacce ke ƙara haɗarin bugun jini, bugun zuciya.

Zai yiwu a sami yanayi yayin da aka wajabta yin gwaji na gangar jikin kere kere. Wannan shine cikakkiyar cikakkiyar bincike game da lipids na jini, gami da ƙuduri na jimlar cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins na babba, ƙasa da ƙasa sosai, a wasu lokuta apoproteins A1 da B.

Lissafin matakan glucose shine babbar hanyar da ake bi don gano hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, da cututtuka masu alaƙa. Misali, ciwon suga. Sugar da cholesterol alamu ne na gano cututtukan hanta, kodan, da keɓaɓɓu, da sauran rikice-rikice na ayyukan endocrine na gland.

Shiri don isarwa

Idan kuna shirin bayar da gudummawar jini don sukari da cholesterol, to ya kamata ku:

• Guji abinci. Wani adadin mai da carbohydrates suna shiga jiki tare da abinci, don haka yawanci ana gudanar da bincike akan komai a ciki, bai kamata ku ci komai ba har tsawon awanni 8-14 kafin isarwa. Yana da hankali ba hana abinci ya daɗe, kawai zai raunana jiki.
• Iyakance yawan shan ruwa. Kuna iya sha, amma ruwa ne wanda ba a carbonated ba tare da ƙari ba.
• Kada ku sha barasa. Rana kafin bincike, tabbas, amma mafi tsayi, mafi kyau.
• Idan za ta yiwu, ka guji motsa jiki da yanayin damuwa. Matsayi na glucose yana tasiri sosai ta hanyar karuwa a cikin zafin jiki, saboda damuwa (damuwa ko ta jiki) wanda ke tsokani catabolism da kwantar da makamashin ATP. Idan shan jini daga jijiya ko yatsa yana da damuwa a gare ku, to, yi ƙoƙarin shakatawa kafin bayar da gudummawar jini.
• Ka daina shan sigari rabin awa kafin binciken.

Shirye-shiryen gwajin ya ƙare a nan, amma idan kuna shan wasu magunguna, kuna buƙatar duba tare da likitanku idan zasu shafi sakamakon gwajin.

Canza abinci musamman don gwaji ba koyaushe ne likitoci ke yarda da su ba. Zai zama mafi ma'ana da amfani sosai ga gano sakamakon da ya dace da kanka kuma, bayan wannan, zana ma'anar da daidaita salon rayuwar ku. Banda shi ne mutane masu kiba waɗanda aka ba su shawara su taƙaita rage kiɗa a lokacin shiri.

Sugar da cholesterol

Don sanin idan sukarin jini da cholesterol suna haɓaka, kuna buƙatar kwatanta teburin sakamakonku da ƙa'idar rayuwar ku da nau'in jinsi. Bayan haka yana yiwuwa a fassara sakamakon da kuma tantance haɗarin kamuwa da cutar siga, ischemia, da dai sauransu bisa la’akari da binciken.

Ga glucose, waɗannan sune alamomi masu zuwa:

Don cholesterol, bambance-bambancen jinsi sun fi bayyana (duk dabi'un da ke cikin tebur suna cikin mmol / l).

Amma game da matakin VLDL, matsakaiciyar ƙimar ya haɗu daga 0.26 zuwa 1.04 mmol / L.

Ragewar bincike

A cikin sakamakon bincike akwai tsarin alamomin:

• jimlar cholesterol: cholesterol ko Chol, cholesterol duka,
• babban lipoproteins mai yawa: HDL ko LDL-C, HDL cholesterol,
• low lipoproteins mai yawa: LDL ko LDL-cholesterol, Cholesterol LDL,
• karancin isasshen abinci mai yawa: LDL kolostrorol SNP ko cholesterol na VLDL,
• triglycerides ko TG, TG, Triglycerides,
• Apolipoprotein A1: Apolipoprotein A-1, Apo A1,
• yuwarinas B: Apolipoprotein B,
• lipoprotein (a): Lipoprotein (a), Lp (a).

Idan mai nuna adadin cholesterol, triglycerides da low lipoproteins mai yawa yana ƙaruwa, kuma ana rage yawan lipoproteins mai yawa, to ana jin cewa haɗarin haɓakar atherosclerosis yana da girma. Ko yaya, wuce haddi na cholesterol a cikin jini ba shine kawai abin da ya shafi cutar atherosclerosis ba. Wani lokacin cutar na bayyana kanta a daidai lokacin da take al'ada, musamman, idan mutum ya sha taba sigari, yana da cutar sankara ko kuma masu ciwon suga.

Halin hauhawar jini (glucose na jini) yana da matakan digo masu yawa:

• 6.7 - 8.2 mmol / L - haske,
• 8.3 - 11 mmol / L - matsakaici,
• 11.1 mmol - mai nauyi
• na kullum hyperglycemia - halayyar ciwon sukari mellitus,
• hypoglycemia - taro na glucose a ƙasa da 3.5 mmol / l.

Abin da za a yi da sukari mai yawa da cholesterol

An sani cewa cholesterol a cikin jini na iya sasantawa a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jini kuma yana cin mutuncinsu, kirkiro allunan atherosclerotic. Lokacin da suka karye, jini ya zub da ciki, sai famfon yayi yakeyi a wannan wurin. Hawan jini zai rushe, gudawa na fadowa daga gare ta cikin sauki zata rufe kananan tasoshin. Muna magana ne akan karancin kankance ko marassa karfi, kuma ba batun cholesterol a matsayin mai shayarwa ba. Don hana cutar cututtukan zuciya, ischemia, angina pectoris wanda ke haifar da atherosclerosis, da farko, kuna buƙatar canza salon ku. Waɗannan canje-canjen sun ƙunshi bin wani irin tsarin rage cin abinci, ƙa'idodi na ingantaccen tsarin abinci da rage kiba mai yawa.

Abincin ya ƙunshi tsabtace abincin abinci mai wuce haddi da ƙoshin mai, mai ba da fifiko ga 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari, ƙwaya, mai kayan lambu, kifi, a cikin wasu kalmomin, abinci tare da isasshen abun ciki na kitse mai ƙoshin abinci: Omega-3, Omega-6. Abincin da ke rage sukarin jini da cholesterol. Hakanan ya kamata ku kula da kayan ƙwari, leas, wake, lentil kuma ku haɗa su cikin abincinku na mako-mako. Ba kullun bane. Ka'idar abinci mai lafiya shine bambancin ra'ayi, don haka bai kamata ku ci abu iri ɗaya kowace rana. Babu buƙatar cin zarafin abinci nan take, abinci mai dacewa, abincin abinci mai sauri. Ya kamata a ci sau da yawa: sau 5-6 a rana a cikin ƙaramin rabo. Wannan zai kara karfin ikon rage nauyi da sauri da kuma inganta yanayin samar da abinci mai gina jiki da kuma karfin motsa jiki.

Idan canji a salon rayuwa da abinci bai samar da sakamako mai mahimmanci ba, to, a kan shawarar kwararrun likitocin, kuna buƙatar juyawa zuwa likita. An tsara magungunan rage rage kiba a cikin ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cholesterol.Sauran magungunan da aka wajabta a lokacin jiyya sun haɗa da: polyconazole - cakuda mai mai, nicotinic acid - bitamin PP, ezetimibe - yana hana shan cholesterol, fibrates, rage lipids da adsorbents, resins.

Abincin abinci don hyperglycemia ya ƙunshi kin amincewa da carbohydrates mai sauri. Ya kamata ku ƙi abinci tare da babban glycemic index, ba da fifiko ga abinci tare da ƙananan. Hakanan tare da rage cin abinci don daidaita ƙarancin ƙananan ƙwayoyin lipid, ana bada shawara don rarrabe abincin gaba ɗaya zuwa abinci 5-6 kuma manta game da sarƙoƙin abinci mai sauri, abinci mai dacewa. Banda sukari idan ya yiwu, ana iya amfani da madadin ruwa. Hakanan ana cinye 'ya'yan itace masu daɗi a matsakaici. Marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari yakamata su bi tsarin musamman na musamman.

Wa'adin magani yana gudana ne ta likita. Akwai nau'ikan sakamako masu tasiri na abubuwa masu aiki akan glycemia: raguwa a cikin sha na carbohydrates a cikin jini, yana ƙarfafa tsarin insulin, wanda ke rage matakan glucose jini da kwayoyi waɗanda ke kara haɓakar insulin. Awararren masani ne kaɗai zai iya tantance nau'in da maganin.

Yadda ake murƙushe gwajin jininka? Akwai amsa!

Alamu don binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje

Binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje hanya ce ta duniya da za a iya gano cututtuka a farkon lokacin da kuma tantance matsayin tsinkayar su. Ana iya ɗaukar gwajin jini don sukari da cholesterol daban-daban ko kuma lokaci guda lokacin ɗaukar jini daga jijiya. Likita ya umarci mara lafiya don yin gwaji a dakin gwaje-gwaje idan alamu kamar su:

• zuciya rashin jin daɗi,
• m matsa lamba surges
• asarar nauyi kwatsam ko karin nauyi ba ga wani dalili bayyananne ba
• rauni
• mai ƙarfi da kishi na yau da kullun
• m urination da itching da gabobin waje,
• m cututtuka
• fari da fainting.

Yadda ake shirya domin gwajin?

Yawan taro da hadewar jini yana tasiri da abubuwa masu yawa. Don samun sakamako daidai, ana bada shawara a sha shi da safe a kan komai a ciki. Ba a buƙatar takamaiman shiri daga mai haƙuri, amma kwanaki 2-4 kafin binciken, mai, mai yaji da abinci mai ƙanshi, barasa da magunguna, musamman abubuwan hawan jini, diuretic da antibacterial, dole ne a cire su daga abincin. Daga cikin abubuwan sha, yana da kyau a yi amfani da ruwa mai tsabta. Rage damuwa da damuwa na jiki.

Amintaccen sakamako na sakamako ne da matakin shiri na mai haƙuri, biyyarsa ga duk shawarwarin likita kafin aiwatar da samfuran jini. Binciko da tsarin kulawa zai dogara da wannan.

Yadda za a yi bincike?

Don ƙayyade matakin sukari da cholesterol a cikin jini, ana amfani da nau'ikan gwaje-gwaje guda biyu: ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwa da cikakken bincike. Na farkon su yana nuna karkacewa gaba ɗaya daga ƙa'idar, na biyu kuma shine mafi cikakkun bayanai kuma yana bayyana waɗannan canje-canje daki-daki. An wajabta shi idan mai nuna yana ƙaruwa kuma ana buƙatar cikakken bincike akan yanayin. Ana ɗaukar jini don nazarin ƙirar ƙwayar cuta daga jijiyar ulnar zuwa cikin bututu na musamman na keɓaɓɓu. Matsakaicin girma don binciken shine 5-10 ml. Bayan haka, an sanya akwati a cikin centrifuge, inda aka raba kayan zuwa plasma da abubuwa masu yawa. Kuna iya yin gwajin sukari a gida ta amfani da tsarin kulawa na musamman (glucometers).

Alamar al'ada

Tsarin sukari da na lipoproteins a cikin jini ya bambanta ga maza da mata, saboda halayen ilimin halayyar su. Tare da shekaru, waɗannan abubuwan sun tara a jiki, sabili da haka maida hankali yana ƙaruwa. Haka yake ga yara. Yana da kyau a lura cewa dukkan alamu suna da alaƙar juna, kuma idan an ɗaga ɗayan, to ɗayan yana girma lokaci guda. Tebur na alamomi na yau da kullun na manya da yara yayi kama da haka: