Kiwon zuma > Abincin don ciwon sukari

Carbohydrates sune mahallin kwayoyin halitta wanda ya ƙunshi carbon, hydrogen da oxygen, kuma hydrogen da oxygen an haɗa su a cikin abun da ke cikin rabon 2: 1, kamar yadda yake cikin ruwa, saboda haka sunan su ya bayyana. Carbohydrates sune, da farko, babban ɗakunan ajiyar kuɗin mu, babban man fetur, godiya ga wanda tsokoki, zuciya, kwakwalwa, tsarin narkewa da sauran gabobin abinci masu mahimmanci da kuma aiki. Sun rufe sama da kashi 60% na yawan amfanin yau da kullun. Bugu da ƙari, carbohydrates suna aiki azaman tsari da kayan filastik, kuma masu tsara abubuwa ne masu mahimmancin hanyoyin ƙirar halittu.

Carbohydrates ya kasu kashi biyu: monosaccharides, oligosaccharides da polysaccharides.

Monosaccharides (carbohydrates mai sauƙi) sune wakilai mafi sauƙi na carbohydrates kuma kada ku rushe zuwa mahallin mafi sauƙi yayin ruwa. Monosaccharides shine tushen samar da makamashi mafi sauri kuma mafi inganci don tafiyar matakai da ke faruwa a cikin tantanin halitta.

Oligosaccharides sun fi hadaddun mahadi da aka gina daga da yawa (daga 2 zuwa 10) ragowar monosaccharide. Dangane da wannan, ana rarrabe disaccharides, trisaccharides, da sauransu. Don samun jikin mu, dole ne a raba oligosaccharides da polysaccharides cikin monosaccharides a cikin esophagus.

Polysaccharides - manyan ƙwayoyin nauyi mai nauyi - polymers waɗanda aka kafa daga adadi mai yawa (dubun, daruruwan, dubbai) na ragowar monosaccharide. Jimlar f-la na polysaccharides mafi yawanci C n H 2m O m, inda n> m. Dangane da aikinsu na halitta, polysaccharides ya kasu kashi biyu: tsarin, wanda sune kayan haɗin gabobin sel da kyallen takarda, ajiyar abubuwa, waɗanda suke aiki azaman hanyar samar da ƙarfi da abinci mai gina jiki, suna aiki a cikin jiki. Polysaccharides sanannen sanannun sitaci ne a cikin tsirrai da glycogen a cikin dabbobi. Mafi shahararren tsarin polysaccharide shine cellulose.

Possaccharides ba shi da dandano mai dadi.

Monosaccharides da oligosaccharides suna da dandano mai daɗi kuma sabili da haka ana kiran su sugars. Duk monosaccharides da wasu disaccharides suna cikin rukuni na rage (ragewa) sugars, i.e., mahadi mai iya shiga cikin raunin ragewa.

Dextrins (С 6 Н 10 О 5) n - kayan samfuri na lalata sitaci ko glycogen, waɗanda aka kirkira lokacin maganin su da acid ɗin ko enzymatic hydrolysis. St. Dextrins an ƙaddara da farko ta nauyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta. Zai dace don amfani da amsawa tare da aidin don sarrafa lalatawar sitaci. Don dextrins na layi, ana lura da shuɗi tare da aidin a cikin digiri na polymerization n fiye da 47, shuɗi-violet a 39-46, ja-violet a 30-38, ja a 25-29, launin ruwan kasa a 21-24. Don n, babban carbohydrates na zuma sune monosaccharides: glucose ko sukari innabi (27-36%) da fructose ko sukari na 'ya'yan itace (33-42%). Wadannan monosaccharides wani bangare ne na nectar, kuma ana kuma kirkira su yayin rushewar sucrose yayin tumatir na zuma a karkashin aikin inzyme na invertase. Sabili da haka, ana kiransu sugars. Daga cikin hadaddun sukari da ke cikin zuma, sucrose disaccharide shine mafi yawan; shine sukari gama gari da aka samu daga beets na sukari ko kara. A cikin ruwan fure, sukari bai wuce 5% ba. A cikin ruwan zuma, akwai ƙarin sukari - har zuwa 10%, kuma ƙasa da glucose da fructose. Sucrose bawai rage sukari bane.

Babban taro na glucose da fructose shine saboda yawan abinci mai gina jiki da dandano na ƙoshin zuma - dandano mai daɗin rai da ikon da sauri don dawo da ƙarfi.

Jikin mu masu sauki da rikitarwa jikin mu yana shafar su ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Monosugar yana tunawa da sauri da sauƙi. Glucose ba tare da wani canji ba kuma ƙarin kaya a jiki yana shiga hanjin cikin jini (a cikin cututtuka da yawa, ana shigar da glucose kai tsaye cikin jini). Fructose yana tarawa a cikin hanta azaman glycogen, daga wanda shima aka samar da glucose idan ya zama dole. Ruwan sucrose an fara rushewa a cikin karamin hanji ta hanyar aikin ruwan 'ya'yan hanji akan gulukos da fructose. Jikin mutumin lafiya yana iya narkewar nasara. Amma ga mai haƙuri wanda bashi da isasshen enzymes, kuma wanda ke da tsarin narkewa mai rauni, yawan shan zuma yana da matukar mahimmanci, tunda jiki ya rabu da nauyin da ya wuce kima - tsarin rabuwa da nasara.

Babban masu sayen glucose shine tsarin juyayi da kasusuwa na kasusuwa. Don aiki na al'ada na ƙwayar zuciya, maidowa da aikinta yana buƙatar glucose da fructose.

A lokacin da adana zuma wanda bai yi maganin zafi ba, enzymes suna riƙe aikinsu kuma adadin sucrose a hankali yana raguwa. Increasedara yawan kashi na sucrose alama ce ta ƙarancin ƙoshin zuma. Wannan na iya zama saboda gaskiyar cewa ana samun zuma daga kudan zuma wanda yake ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayar sukari ko kuma gurbata ta hanyar sukari da ba a canzawa ba ko kuma ƙirar wucin gadi. A cikin irin wannan zuma, babu isasshen enzymes masu mahimmanci don rushewar sucrose, sakamakon abin da ya ƙunshi yawancin sucrose, wani lokacin har ma fiye da 25%. Adadin sucrose wani lokacin yana ƙaruwa tare da tarin zuma, lokacin da ƙarfin enzyme ke aiki a cikin ƙudan zuma saboda babban cin hanci na nectar ko paddy.

Kudan zuma shima ya ƙunshi dextrins. Ta hanyar tsarin, kwayoyin sikirin dextrins sunyi kama da trisaccharides. Deoshin zuma na zuma yana daf da kyau, yana saurin yin kuka, kuma yana ƙaruwa da yawa (danko) na zuma. A cikin ruwan fure, akwai kaɗan kaɗan daga gare su - ba su wuce 2% ba, a cikin turmi - babu sama da 5%. Dextrins na zuma ba'a fentin su da aidin, suna narkewa cikin ruwa, kuma suna gabatar da mafita ta hanyar maye.

3.2.2 Fructose

Hakanan ana kiranta sukari na 'ya'yan itace levulose (laevus = hagu), yayin da yake juyawa da hasken wuta zuwa hagu. Abin mallaki ne na monosaccharides kuma yana da ɗanɗano mai daɗi fiye da sauran carbohydrates. Idan aka kiyasta zaƙi daɗin maganin sucrose bisa ga ka'ida a maki 100, to, fructose zata sami maki 173 idan aka kwatanta ta, da kuma gulukos-maki 81. A cikin magani, ana amfani dashi da farko a cikin lura da lalacewar hanta, tare da giya mai giya kuma a matsayin madadin sukari ga marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari mellitus, tunda har ma a cikin manyan allurai ba sa inganta matakin caxapa a cikin jini.

Don ɗaukar nauyin fructose ta jiki, sabanin glucose, insulin daga cikin ƙwayar cuta ba a buƙatar (saboda haka, ana ba da shawarar ga masu ciwon sukari). Bugu da ƙari, ƙwayoyin ba a ɗaukar shi kai tsaye ba, kamar glucose, amma yana ba da fifiko don haɗin glycogen (sitaci sitaci) a cikin hanta. An saka Glycogen a cikin nau'i na granules a cikin cytoplasm na sel jikin kuma ana amfani dashi azaman tushen kuzari mai ƙarfi tare da rashin glucose. A hanta an canza fructose zuwa glucose, wanda shine asalin tushen kuzari a cikin metabolism na gaba ɗaya. Yayinda glucose yake saurin yin kuka, fructose da kyar yana da wannan mallakar. A saboda wannan, lu'ulu'u ne wanda aka zagaye da sukarin 'ya'yan itace mai ruwa a ciki.

Kudan zuma sun qunshi karin levorotatory fructose fiye da glucose na dextrorotatory. Sabili da haka, kuma saboda jujjuyawar hagu na fructose yana da ƙarfi fiye da juyawa na dama na glucose, zuma gabaɗaya yana da levorotatory. A ƙarƙashin tasirin enzymes (enzymes), dukkanin nau'in sukari na iya wuce mutum zuwa wani.

3.2.3 Glucose

A cikin nau'ikan kyauta, ana samun glucose mafi yawa a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa da zuma, yayin da a cikin sucrose yana cikin haɗin kemikal tare da fructose kuma dole ne a fara rabuwa da ƙarshen kafin a sha. Amfanin glucose na zuma shine yana wucewa ta bangon ciki zuwa cikin jini ba tare da narkewar abinci na gaba ba. Gabaɗaya, wannan yana buƙatar mahaɗan phosphorus, waɗanda suke a cikin zuma kuma ba a samun su cikin sukari na yau da kullun.

Haɓaka glucose na faruwa a cikin hadaddun hanyoyin sunadarai. A cikin sauƙi, ruwa a wannan yanayin, wanda abin da aka haƙo carbon atom, an haɗa shi da oxygen. A wannan yanayin, carbon a hankali yana yin oxidized, yana juya zuwa carbon dioxide (CO2) kuma yana fitar da kuzarin da jiki yake buƙata a matsayin mai don abubuwan rayuwa mai yawa.

Ya bambanta da fructose, glucose ya fi matsala ga marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari.

4.1 Ka'idodi na asali

Sunadarai sunadarai ne masu dauke da kwayoyi masu dauke da kwayoyin halitta wanda aka gina kwayoyin daga amino acid. Duk wata halitta mai rai sunadaran sunadarai. A cikin jikin mutum, sunadarai suna samar da tsokoki, jijiyoyi, jijiyoyin jiki, dukkan gabobin da glandon, gashi, ƙusoshi, sunadarai ɓangare ne na ruwa da ƙashi. A cikin yanayin, akwai kusan 10 10 -10 12 sunadarai daban-daban waɗanda ke tabbatar da rayuwar kwayoyin halittu na duk matakan rikitarwa daga ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa mutane. Sunadarai sune enzymes, kwayoyin kariya, hormones da yawa da sauran abubuwa masu aiki da abubuwan halitta. Bukatar da kullun sabuntawar furotin shine tushen metabolism.

A karo na farko, mahimmancin sunadarai a cikin abinci mai mahimmanci da aiki mai mahimmanci na jikin ɗan adam sun kasance masana sunadarai sun gano shi a farkon karni na 19, sun fito da sunan "ƙasa da ƙasa" na waɗannan ƙwayoyin sunadarai - "sunadarai", daga Girkanci рtos - “farko, babba”.

4.2 Enzymes (enzymes)

Enzymes - sune hadaddun kwayoyin sunadarai kuma sune “abubuwan nazarin halittu”. “Halittu” na nufin cewa su samfuri ne ko kayan halitta mai rai. Kalmar "mai kara kuzari" na nufin cewa abu yana da ikon haɓaka ƙimar amsawar sinadarai sau da yawa, yayin da ita kanta ba ta canzawa sakamakon sakamakon. Enzymes (daga lat. Fermentum - fermentation - fermentation, sourdough) wani lokacin ana kiransa enzymes (daga Girkanci. En - ciki, zyme - sourdough).

Dukkanin sel kwayar halitta suna da manya manyan enzymes, aikin sel shine ya dogara da aikin danshi. Kusan kowane ɗayan halayen da yawa da suka faru a cikin tantanin halitta yana buƙatar halartar takamaiman enzyme. Nazarin abubuwan da ke tattare da sunadarai na enzymes da kuma halayen da aka kama dasu wani yanki ne na musamman, mai mahimmanci a fannin ilimin dabbobi - enzymology.

Wasu enzymes (enzymes) suna aiki da kansu, wasu kawai bayan an haɗa su da bitamin, ma'adanai da abubuwan gano abubuwa kamar coenzymes. A zahiri, babu wani tsari na biochemical a cikin jikin wanda enzymes din ba zasu shiga ba. Ba kamar mai ba da labari na masana'antu ba, waɗanda ba sa fuskantar canje-canje a yayin halayen sunadarai, enzymes yana canzawa kuma ana cinye su a cikin tsarin metabolism. Don haka, yakamata a cika cika duk abin da suke dasu. Jiki yana samar da yawancin enzymes daban-daban daga abubuwan gina jiki. Koyaya, wannan samarwa kanta ba ta isa koyaushe don bukatun jikin mutum ba, sannan ya kamata a sake wadatar da abinci daga waje, tare da ɗaukar abinci. Sauyawa daga waje tare da cututtuka kuma a rabi na biyu na rayuwa, lokacin da jiki ya samar da ƙarancin enzymes, yana da mahimmanci.

All enzymes suna da kunkuntar ƙwarewa, i.e. alhakin takamaiman ƙwayar cuta guda ɗaya tak. Tunda hanyoyin sarrafa kwayoyi masu yawa suna faruwa a jiki, yawan enzymes shima babba ne. A halin yanzu, dubun dubatar su sanannu ne.

Enzymes mahimmancin mahaɗa ne a cikin tsarin narkewa. Undsarancin ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin nauyi ne kawai zai iya wucewa ta bangon hanji kuma ya shiga cikin jini; saboda haka, dole ne a fara haɗa abubuwan haɗin abinci a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin. Wannan yana faruwa yayin enzymatic hydrolysis (rarrabuwa) na sunadarai zuwa amino acid, sitaci zuwa sugars, fats zuwa mai mai kitse da glycerol. Ba tare da enzymes ba, jikin zai mutu daga gajiya, har ma tare da wuce haddi na abinci mai gina jiki, tunda ba za'a iya tuna shi ba.

Abin da adadin sakaci na enzyme suna da mahimmanci don aikin enzymatic za a iya hukunci da shi ta misalin peroxidase wanda ya juya ya zama mai aiki ko da tsaruwa na 1: 200,000,000.

Aikin enzymes bai da ƙaranci daga narkewar abinci. A yau an san cewa suma suna shiga cikin hanyoyin da suka biyo baya wadanda suka shafi ayyukan jiki da kuma tsarin warkarwa da kansa:

warkar da raunuka, kumburi da ciwace-ciwacen daji,
lalata lalacewar sel da suka mutu wanda zai iya hanzarta aikin tsufa,
lalata ƙwayoyin cuta, musamman cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin daji,
rigakafin samuwar ko rushewar ƙwanƙwasa jini (tare da thrombosis da embolism) da adibas akan bangon jijiyoyin jini (calcification of arteries).

Daga waɗannan ƙananan kayan, akwai damar da yawa don amfani da enzymes don dalilai na maganin cutar daji da warkewa. A bambancin warkarwa kaddarorin na zuma za a iya bayyana sau ɗaya ta hanyar aikin enzymes.

Carbohydrate zuma

Menene menam yake sarrafawa a cikin zuma? Shin akwai glucose ko fructose a cikin zuma? Tushen zuma na halitta shine carbohydrates, yana ƙunshe da kimanin sukari 25, manyan sune sukari na innabi ko glucose (daga 27 zuwa 35), sukari na 'ya'yan itace ko fructose (33-42%). Akwai wani suna na waɗannan abubuwan - sugars mai narkewa. Kudan zuma da fructose sune dabarun kusanci.

Hakanan, ana samun cakudaddun sukari a cikin zuma; A cikin itacen furanni yana da kashi 5%, a cikin zakin zuma kusan 10%, ƙasa da fructose da glucose. Babban taro na fructose da glucose yana haifar da kyakkyawan dandano, ƙimar abinci mai girma.

Shawarwari, duka mai sauƙi da rikitarwa, jiki yana ɗaukar ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Glucose nan da nan ya shiga cikin jini, fructose ya tara a cikin hanta a cikin nau'in glycogen, lokacin da ya cancanta, an canza shi zuwa glucose.

Sucrose a ƙarƙashin rinjayar ruwan 'ya'yan itace hanji an rushe shi zuwa fructose da glucose. Babban masu cin abinci na glucose sune sel na tsarin juyayi da tsokoki na kasusuwa, don aiki na yau da kullun na zuciya, ana buƙatar glucose da fructose duka.

Idan an sha zuma da zafi, zai:

ana kiyaye adadin sucrose,
enzymes rasa aiki
samfurin rasa darajar.

Increasedarin yawan nasarar sucro shine tabbataccen ingancin ƙudan kudan zuma, dalilan ya kamata a nemi su ciyar da ƙudan zuma tare da sukari na wucin gadi ko sikari mai zaki. A cikin irin wannan samfurin akwai ƙarancin enzymes da ake buƙata don rushewar sucrose, maida hankali ga kayan ya kai 25%. Yawan abu yana ƙaruwa tare da ɗumbin tarin zuma, yayin da ikon aiwatar da ƙwayoyin nectar yana ƙaruwa cikin ƙudan zuma.

Kudan zuma ya ƙunshi dextrins, abubuwa masu kama da trisaccharides. Dextrins ke ɗauke da jiki, ƙara ɓoyewar kayan, yana hana kuɗarin zuma. A cikin zuma ta fure na waɗannan abubuwan babu fiye da kashi biyu, a cikin ƙwayar zuma mai kusan biyar.

Dextrins ba a fentin su da maganin aidin ba, suna cikin sauri suna narkewa cikin ruwa, an sa shi da giya.

Fructose kuma ana kiranta levulose, kayan yana cikin monosaccharides, yana da dandano mai arziki. Idan muka kimanta yanayin maganin nasarar sucrose a maki ɗari, to, fructose don zaki zai sami maki 173, glucose shine kawai 81.

A cikin magani, ana bada shawarar fruita fruitan itace don kawar da lalacewar hanta, rashin shan giya, da ciwon suga. Koyaya, yakamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa karuwar sigogi na fructose zai kara yawan cutar glycemia.

Don isasshen ɗaukar nauyin fructose, ba a buƙatar haɗarin insulin na hormone, saboda haka, ana ba da shawarar abu ga marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari mellitus. Bugu da ƙari, jinkirin carbohydrate baya ɗaukar ƙwayoyin da kansu, amma shine tushe don samar da sitaci na hanta (glycogen). An adana shi a cikin nau'i na ƙananan granules, ajiyar kuzari ce ta makamashi idan akwai karancin glucose.

Hankalin, idan ya cancanta, ya canza fructose zuwa glucose, idan glucose yayi kuka a sauƙaƙe, to fructose bashi da irin wannan kayan. A saboda wannan dalili, lu'ulu'u da ke kewaye da ruwa mai gani ana iya gani a cikin kwalbar zumar.

Abubuwan sunadarai na kayan kiwon kudan zuma suna da yawa, koyaushe ya dogara da dalilai da yawa:

Shukewar shuka
tushen tarin
lokacin tarin
irin ƙudan zuma.

Wasu abubuwan ruwan zuma sune na gari kuma halayyar mutum, kusan sinadaran dari daga dari dari za'a iya kiransu dindindin.

Farin ɗan itacen zuma yana da kyau sosai fiye da glucose, crystallizes mafi muni, wanda baya barin samfurin ya cika ƙoshin lafiya. Abubuwan shine mafi mahimmanci da amfani ga jikin mai ciwon sukari, idan aka kwatanta shi da sukari da aka sarrafa, wanda ake siyarwa a cikin shagunan ƙara wa kayayyakin masana'antu.

Duk da abubuwan da ke cikin carbohydrates mai sauƙi, zuma tana da matukar amfani ga mutane.

Ganyen innabi (glucose) yana da wani suna - dextrose, shi ne mafi mahimmancin sukari, yayin da yake samarwa da kuzari ga sel yayin tafiyar matakai. Kayan yana kasancewa a kusan dukkanin gabobin ciki da jinin mutum. Cikakken sukari a kan komai a ciki ya kamata ya kasance cikin 100 mg ta 100 ml na jini, yayin rana zai iya kasancewa daga 70 zuwa 120 MG.

Azumtar jini mai azumi wanda ke azumi yana zama babban alama ta cutar sankarar bargo, mara nauyi yana nuna rashin karfin jini. Ana kiran insulin na hormone, wanda sel sel islet din ke rufe shi, ana kiran shi don sarrafa matakin sukari na jini.

Yawancin glucose yana canzawa zuwa glycogen, ya tara a cikin hanta, ana samun ƙarin ajiyar glycogen a cikin zuciya da ƙwayar tsoka. Tare da rashin kuzari, an sake shi zuwa cikin jini.

Kyautattun siffofin abubuwan suna nan a cikin zuma da 'ya'yan itatuwa, idan glucose wani bangare ne na sucrose, shi:

yana da alaƙa da ƙwayar sukari,
ya kamata a rabu da fructose.

Babban fa'ida shine ikon shiga ganuwar ciki, da rashin buƙatar narkewar na farko. Rashin glucose yana faruwa ne a cikin tsari mai cakudaddun tsari, carbon carbon atom an maye gurbinsa da oxygen. A wannan yanayin, carbon oxidized, canza shi zuwa carbon dioxide, kuma makamashin da yake buƙata don matakai masu mahimmanci an sake su.

Idan aka kwatanta da fructose, glucose ba ta da haƙuri da haƙuri ga marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari mellitus, suna ƙaruwa glycemia, kuma ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da metabolism mai narkewa ba.

Dokoki don amfanin zuma

Nazarin likita ya nuna cewa maganin zuma ga masu ciwon sukari ba da daɗewa ba zai ba da kyakkyawan yanayin. Akwai raguwa a cikin karfin jini, hawan jini.

Tare da amfani kaddarorin samfurin na yau da kullun, yana da mahimmanci a yi watsi da shi yayin da ake cutar da cutar, ku ci zuma a cikin yanayin sakewa, lokacin da na dogon lokaci babu tsalle-tsalle a cikin matakan sukari.

Likitocin sun ba da shawarar cin ganyen cokali biyu na zuma a rana, kuma zai fi kyau ku ci shi a farkon rabin rana. Bayan farkawa, jiki yana buƙatar makamashi cikin gaggawa, wanda baya barin sukari ya oscillate.

Yana da amfani a cinye zuma 30 mintuna kafin motsa jiki, fructose ba ya motsa samar da insulin. Samun kudan zuma ba zai zama mai daɗaɗawa ba don ƙara shayi a lokacin barci don magance yunwar, dawo da ƙarfi bayan mawuyacin rana.

Don asarar nauyi, ana ba da shawarar marasa lafiya suyi amfani da ruwan sha, saboda wannan suna ɗaukar:

tablespoon na zuma
gilashin ruwan dumi
cokali na lemon tsami.

Ya kamata ruwa ya zama mai daɗi daɗi, saboda ruwan zãfi zai lalata dukkan abubuwa masu mahimmanci, yana barin glucose da ɗanɗano abin sha. Daidai ne, an sha giya zuma sau 30-50 kafin cin abinci.

Babu ƙarancin amfani zai zama abin sha wanda aka ƙara ɗan ƙaramin lemun tsami, ginger. Madadin ruwa, zaku iya ɗaukar gilashin madara mai skim mai dumi. Wajibi ne a ɗauki tsarke 3 na yanyen ginger mai tushe, zuba ruwa, saka a cikin wanka na ruwa kuma a kawo tafasa. Bayan haka an sha abin sha, a sanyaya, ƙara ɗan zuma da ruwan 'ya'yan lemun tsami.

Kudan zuma suna da amfani idan an yi amfani da su a waje. An shawarci marasa lafiya suyi abubuwan rufe zuma, wuraren wanka da kuma tausa. Hanyoyin suna ba da gudummawa ga yaƙi da adadi mai ɗora akan kwatangwalo, haɓaka kewaya jini, daidaita sel tare da ƙwayoyin oxygen, da haɓaka fitar jini daga sel mai. Abubuwa masu aiki cikin kwayar halitta cikin zuma suna taimakawa asarar nauyi tare da amfani na yau da kullun.

Don kawar da cellulite, ana amfani da man gogewar zuma a wuraren da cutar ta shafa, man shafawa zai faɗaɗa lumen a cikin tasoshin jini, yana taimakawa wajen daidaita adadi, wannan ba karamin mahimmanci bane idan har cuta ta biyu. Ya kamata a fahimci cewa zuma na iya haifar da lahani, a gaban hanyoyin ya kamata ku binciki kanku don kasancewar halayen ƙwayoyin cuta da rashin haƙuri ɗaya ga samfurin.

Ana cutar da cutarwa da fa'idodi na ƙudan zuma a cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin.

Abin da ke ciki na zuma

Koyaya, sifofin wadannan monosaccharides shine digirinsu mai sauki, wanda glucose da fructose basa buƙatar insulin. Wannan yana nufin cewa babu kaya a kan farji. Bugu da ƙari, sarrafa monosaccharides baya buƙatar ƙarin albarkatu na narkewa kuma baya kashe kuzarin jiki. Fructose da glucose suna narkewa da sauri, cikin sauƙi kuma kusan cike su.

Wato, abun da ke cikin farin "guba" a cikin samfurin amber ya zama sakaci, saboda haka, ba zai iya haifar da wata illa ga jiki ba. A lokaci guda, kayan zaki suna da wadataccen abinci a cikin fructose da glucose, waɗanda ake samun sauƙi da sauri kuma ba tare da sun ɗora ƙwayar narkewa ba.

4.3 Amino acid

Amino acid sune kwayoyin halitta wanda kwayoyin halitta suna dauke da daya ko fiye da kungiyoyin amino (kungiyoyin NH 2). Abubuwan acid din amino sune ragunan sunadarai wadanda suke samar da sunadarai. Abubuwan sunadaran abinci sun lalace cikin amino acid yayin narkewar abinci. Wani bangare na amino acid, bi da bi, ya watse zuwa kwayoyin keto acid, wanda daga cikinsu sabon amino acid sannan kuma aka sake hade protein din a jiki. Fiye da amino acid 20 ana samun su a yanayi.

Ana amino acid din daga hanji sannan kuma suka shiga cikin jini zuwa dukkan gabobin jikinsu da kyallen takarda, inda ake amfani dasu don hadarin sunadarai kuma ake gudanar da canji iri daban-daban.

Amino acid da ke fitowa daga abinci sun kasu kashi-kashi wanda ba zai yuwu kuma ana musayar shi ba. Amino acid mai sauƙin maye ana iya haɗa shi a cikin jikin mutum. Ba a haɗa amino acid a jikin mutum ba, amma ya zama dole don rayuwa ta yau da kullun. Dole ne a saka su cikin abinci. Rashin rashi ko rashin mahimmancin amino acid yana haifar da ci gaba mai yawa, asarar nauyi, rikicewar rayuwa, da rashin ƙarfi - ga mutuwar jiki.

4.4 Abubuwan gina jiki na zuma

Duk da ƙananan raguwa, abubuwa masu gina jiki sune abubuwan mahimmanci na zuma, tun da yawa daga cikinsu enzymes ne. Ka tuna cewa don hanzarta samar da ƙwayoyin halitta, ana buƙatar ƙaramin adadin enzyme. Enzymes na asalin tsiro ya shiga zuma tare da nectar da pollen., Enzymes na asalin dabba sune samfuran ƙoshin ƙanƙan zuma. Haɗin zuma ya bayyana fiye da enzymes 15. Daga cikin su akwai invertase, diastase, glucose oxidase, catalase, phosphatase.

Ana amfani da invertase (invertine, sucrose, beta-fructosidase) mafi mahimmancin enzyme don samuwar zuma daga nectar. Yana nufin hydrolases, rukuni na enzymes wanda ke lalata mahaɗan sunadarai ta hanyar ƙara musu ko shan ruwa. Tana rushe sucrose da sauran hadadden kwayar halitta zuwa monosaccharides, a sakamakon wanda yake canza sukari (fructose da glucose) a cikin zuma. A cikin ɗan ƙaramin abu, ya zo tare da nectar, amma an ƙirƙiri mafi yawa ta glandon ƙudan zuma.

Diastase (alpha da veta-amylase) suna ɗaukar fashewar sitaci, dextrins da maltose disaccharide zuwa glucose, yana da tsiro da asalin dabba. Tunda hanyoyin da ake bi don tantance cin abincin ciki yafi samun sauki sosai ta hanyoyin da ake bi wajen tantance sauran enzymes, yana yin hukunci da jimlar adadin enzymes a cikin zuma da kuma ingancin zuma a matsayin kayan aikin warkewa ta hanyar halitta. Bugu da kari, diastasis dangane da yanayin illa shine mafi tsayayyiyar kwatancen idan aka kwatanta da sauran enzymes na zuma. Yawan diastase a cikin zuma alamace mai mahimmanci na ingancin zuma kuma ana kiyasta shi da lambar diastase. Yawan cin abinci daidai yake da adadin miliiliters na maganin sitaci na 1%, bazu cikin awa 1 ta cinyewar. Ana auna wannan lambar a cikin raka'a na Gote. Ilaya daga cikin mililiter na sitaci bayani yayi daidai da naúrar Gotha ɗaya. Lambar cin abinci ta sha bamban sosai - daga raka'a 0 zuwa 50. Gotha.

Dangane da GOST 19792-2001, yawan diastase (ga cikakken kayan bushewa) na zuma yakamata ya zama aƙalla 7, don zuma tare da farin Acacia aƙalla 5.

A jikin mutum, ana samun abin ci a cikin abinci a cikin sirinji a cikin nau'in ptaline kuma a cikin nau'in alpha-amylase a cikin narkewa na narkewa, idan, alal misali, burodi ana ɗanɗana shi na dogon lokaci, to ya zama mai daɗi, saboda an canza sitaci cikin sukari ta hanyar ptyalin.

Yaya yawan sukari yake cikin zuma?

Shawarwarin maye gurbin sukari da zuma na zahiri a cikin abubuwan sha da kuma dafa abinci yana daga cikin mafi yawan shawarwari don abinci mai dacewa. A zahiri, ana amfani da zuma na gargajiya daya daga cikin abincin “mafi aminci”. Bugu da kari, dukkan mu muna da yakinin cewa amfani da zuma yana da matukar amfani duka guda biyu ga maganin sanyi da kuma inganta kiwon lafiya gaba daya.

Zuma don bunkasa rigakafi

Bayanai na kimiyya sun nuna cewa abubuwanda ke cikin zuma na zahiri (alal misali, mafi karancin sukari wadanda suka yiwa aikin sarrafa kudan zuma) suna shafar samar da jikin mutum na rigakafin-immunoglobulins wanda ke shafar garkuwar jiki. Bugu da ƙari, zuma ta ƙunshi adadin enzymes tare da aikin ƙwayoyin cuta - musamman, inhibin (5).

Gabaɗaya, waɗannan abubuwan haɗin jiki suna iya samun tasiri a cikin rage alamun bayyanar sanyi - amma, lokacin amfani da zuma kawai. Plusari, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa ko da zuma mai ingancin halitta ba ta iya warkewa cututtuka ko hana su ci gaba - kawai muna magana ne game da rage alamun cututtukan ciwon makogwaro.

Abin da zuma ta ƙunshi: alluna

A matsakaici, 100 giram na zuma sun ƙunshi kimanin 300-320 kcal (adadi na iya bambanta dangane da takamaiman nau'in zuma), wanda shine kawai 10% ƙasa da adadin kuzari na sukari na yau da kullun. A zahiri, teaspoon na zuma daidai yake da teaspoon na sukari - dukansu sun ƙunshi kimanin 15-20 kcal. Hakanan glycemic index na zuma shima yana kusa da farin tebur mai sukari kuma yana kusan raka'a 65-70.

Sakamakon haka, ƙwayar 80-85% zuma ta ƙunshi nau'ikan sukari. Fructose yana da kimanin 40% na jimlar zuma, glucose - 30%, sucrose da sauran nau'ikan sukari - 10%. Ragowar 15-20% na zuma ruwa ne (1). Hakanan yana da mahimmanci cewa bitamin da microminerals (gami da halayen potassium, alli, sodium, manganese) ƙasa da 1% na abun da ke cikin zuma. Babu mai a cikin zuma.

Lura cewa zuma ba ta da mahimmancin bitamin. Misali, 100 g na zuma na kunshe da kilogiram 0.5 na bitamin C (dan kadan kasa da 1% na darajar yau da kullun) - don kwatantawa, orange daya ya ƙunshi har zuwa 85 MG na wannan bitamin. Sauran bitamin, kamar su bitamin B₆ kuma riboflavin, suna nan cikin zuma a cikin adadi kaɗan.

Amma ga abun ciki na microminerals a cikin zuma, don rufe kullun yau da kullun manganese zasu ci kimanin kilogiram 2 na zuma, don rufe kullun baƙin ƙarfe - fiye da 5 kilogiram. Alkalumma na wasu ma'adanai da bitamin suna da matuƙar girma kuma suna iya kaiwa zuwa 20 kg. Ta wata ma'ana, zuma ta ƙunshi asalin abubuwan bitamin da ma'adinai.

Kudan zuma a cikin maganin mutane

Ayurveda da maganin gargajiya suna bayar da shawarar zuma ta halitta, da farko a matsayin wata hanya don inganta dandano da zaki da ganye mai ɗaci a cikin kayan ado don lura da sanyi da cututtuka na tsarin numfashi. Cakuda garin ashwagandha foda, brami ko wasu ganyayyaki na magani an haɗu dasu da gilashin ruwan zafi ko madara, sannan a ƙara teaspoon na zuma (2).

Na dabam, an shardanta cewa yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da zuma wadda ba a taɓa yin dumama ba (ba a ambata tafasa ba) - in ba haka ba, a cewar Ayurveda, zuma "ta zama guba." Abin takaici, mafi yawan zuma daga kanti na yau da kullun suna gudanar da aiki da dumama don ƙirƙirar ƙarin daidaitattun daidaituwa kuma don kawar da sukari mai tsinkaye.

Carbohydrates a cikin zuma

Fiye da 75% na wannan samfurin ya ƙunshi sukari. Kuma bayan zuma ta tsaya kaɗan, abun cikin su na iya ƙaruwa har zuwa kashi 86%. Dukkanin sukari shine carbohydrates, wanda shine asalin tushen kuzari ga jikin mutum kuma yana shiga cikin yawancin hanyoyin nazarin halittu. Tasteanɗana da zuma da ƙoshin abincinsa ya dogara da waɗannan abubuwan.

Mutane kalilan ne suke tunanin meneneƙar zuma wanda ya ƙunshi. Kuma a cikin kayanta sama da nau'ikan nau'ikan sugars 40. Yawancin fructose da glucose, sune suka fi amfani. Waɗannan carbohydrates suna ba da ƙoshin zaki. Suna da sauri sosai fiye da sukari na yau da kullun, ba tare da buƙatar samar da insulin don aiki ba. Fructose yana da amfani musamman. Yawancin abin da yake dashi shine, daga baya zuma ta shayar da ita kuma tana da darajar kuzari mai girma.

Bugu da kari, duk wani zuma yana dauke da sucrose (bai wuce 10% ba), haka kuma maltose, dextrins da sauran sugars. Amma yawansu karami ne. Kwai mai ƙarancin ƙoshin zuma, don samar da abin da ƙudan zuma ke ciyar da su musamman tare da syrup, na iya ɗaukar sukari mai yawa.

Honey ko sukari - wanne yafi koshin lafiya?

Likitoci da masana harkar abinci sun yi magana game da fa'idodin kayan zaki na dabi'a, an wajabta samfurin amber don maganin cututtukan da yawa, ana amfani dashi azaman farfadowa na halitta da wakili na immunostimulating bayan mummunan cuta, kuma ana amfani dashi wajen maganin abinci.

Ga dukkan alamu, samfurin kudan zuma na iya ba da wari ga farin "guba". Bari mu bincika manyan dalilan da suka sa ya cancanci sauya sukari mai girma tare da zuma.

Kyan zuma don maganin mura

Kamar yadda muka ambata a sama, binciken kimiyya ya tabbatar da gaske cewa zuma na zahiri tana nuna wasu inganci don magance mura (da farko azaman mai kashe kuɗaɗen fata), har ma da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta mai taushi da warkarwa. Dangane da waɗannan bayanan, babban fa'idodi don maganin cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na ƙwayar cuta shine zuma da aka samo daga filayen buckwheat (3).

A lokaci guda, masana kimiyya sun lura daban cewa basuyi komai ba cewa duk zuma tana da kaddarorin iri daya. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa zuma a ko da yaushe tana ƙunshe da ƙwayar fure, wanda zai iya zama mai ƙarfi mai ƙwayar cuta ga yawan mutane - yana da mahimmanci musamman a tuna da wannan lokacin da ake ƙoƙarin magance cututtukan sanyi a cikin yara tare da zuma.

Yaya ake bambance ainihin zuma?

Har yanzu, za mu tuna cewa amfanin ƙarshe na zuma koyaushe ya dogara da takamaiman samfurin. An ba da shawarar cewa ko dai ku sayi zuma daga masana'antun masu zaman kansu waɗanda kuka sani, ko zuma mai suna tare da samfuran kwayoyin. Kudan zuma mai saukin gaske daga babban kanti na kusa da alama wataƙila samfuri ne na sarrafawa daga sukari da kayan ƙanshi.

A gida, hanya mafi sauƙi don bambanta zuma ta ainihi daga zuma mai wucin gadi ita ce sanya shi a cikin firiji - a zazzabi kimanin digiri 10 Celsius, zuma ta gaske ta fara kuka. Idan ba a lura da wannan ba, to lalle an sha zuma ta hanyar maganin zafi na farko ko kuwa kayan masarufi ne gaba daya.

Duk da gaskiyar cewa kowane zuma yana kusan kashi 80-85% na sukari, a cikin zuma na ainihi akwai ƙananan adadin abubuwa tare da antibacterial da immunomodulating Properties. Koyaya, da fari, waɗannan abubuwan sun ɓace lokacin da zuma take mai zafi da sarrafawa, kuma abu na biyu, basu iya maganin mura, amma suna iya rage ciwon makogwaro kaɗan.

Honey - samfurin abinci

Kudan zuma sun ƙunshi adadin kuzari fiye da sucrose. A cikin tablespoon daya na kayan zaki, har zuwa adadin kuzari 64 suna nan, yayin da suke a cikin adadin sukari mai girma akwai adadin kuzari 46.

Koyaya, samfurin kudan zuma yafi dadi fiye da "takwaransa". A saboda wannan dalili, bashi yiwuwa a ci mai yawa, sabanin sukari mai girma, wanda za'a iya cinye shi mara iyaka. Sakamakon haka, lokacin amfani da samfurin kudan zuma, adadin adadin kuzari da aka cinye zai ragu sosai fiye da sukari.

A lokaci guda, zuma, wanda aka yi amfani da shi a maimakon sukari, yana ba jiki dumbin abinci mai gina jiki, abubuwan da aka gano da kuma bitamin, sabanin “ɗan’uwansa” mai daɗi, wanda ba shi da ƙima mai mahimmanci.

Mahimmanci! An san darajar kayan zaki a cikin ayyukan Ayurvedic, an yi amfani da samfurin don magance cututtukan da yawa, musamman kiba, rashin haihuwa da asarar ƙarfi.

Don hana cututtuka, ƙarfafa rigakafi, sautin da mahimmanci, ya isa ya cinye har zuwa 4 tablespoons na amber nectar kowace rana. Cokali ɗaya ya isa ga yara. Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da samfurin kudan zuma, yana narke shi a cikin dumi (ba zafi ba!) Tea ko madara.

Warkar da kaddarorin zuma

Suga ba ta da abu guda mai mahimmanci da abinci mai gina jiki ko microelement, wannan shine abin da ake kira "dummy" wanda ke iya ba jiki kawai adadin kuzari kuma ba ya kawo wani amfani.

Yayin da samfurin kudan zuma ya cika da abubuwa masu amfani. Ya ƙunshi babban adadin amino acid, ma'adanai, enzymes, hadaddun bitamin mai ɗorewa. A saboda wannan dalili, amber nectar yana da tasirin gaske ga jiki, yana da ƙarfin warkarwa mai ƙarfi:

rauni waraka
nutsuwa
anti-mai kumburi
sake dawowa
immunostimulatory.

Ana amfani da kayan zaki a cikin kulawa da yawancin cututtuka kuma yana da tasirin warkarwa a kan dukkan tsarin da gabobin. Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa a cikin maganin Tibet an san tsohon “elixir na rai madawwami da matashi”, tushen abin shine zuma. Na yau da kullun (matsakaici sama da 100 g kowace rana) amfani da kayan zaki na halitta na iya ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi, hana cututtuka, da kuma hana tsarin tsufa na halitta.

Garancin GI (glycemic index) na zuma

GI alama ce mai mahimmanci game da yadda abinci mai cinye ke shafar matakin sukarinka. Kuma mafi girman ma'aunin abinci na glycemic na abinci, mafi girman nauyin a kan sinadarin ƙwayar cuta, shine mafi girman aikin samar da insulin. Hormone yana yin ayyuka biyu masu mahimmanci - yana rage matakan glucose kuma yana taimakawa rage hanzarin aiwatar da canza fitsari zuwa sukari.

Babban mahimman bayanai na glycemic na abinci da aka cinye shine ɗayan manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon sukari, nauyi mai yawa (har zuwa kiba), cututtukan zuciya, jijiyoyin jini, tsarin endocrine. Mafi girman girman GI, mafi girman nauyin da ke kan jijiyoyin jiki da jiki gaba ɗaya.

Kudan zuma suna da ƙima na glycemic index of 50-55 raka'a. Yayin da sukarin GI ya fi girma - 60-70.

Sakamakon ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta mai glycemic, zuma itace amintaccen samfuri, ba ya haifar da ciwon sukari. Haka kuma, yawanci kudan zuma yawanci ana bada shawara don amfani dashi tare da wannan ilimin, tunda yana rage alamu, yana hana rikicewa, kuma yana baka damar sarrafa cutar.. Tare da taimakon kayan zaki na amber, zaku iya cin nasarar yakar raunukan masu ciwon sukari, wanda, sabanin raunin yau da kullun, yana warkar da sannu a hankali kuma yana iya zama sauƙaƙawa.

Tabbas, ingantaccen sashi na yau da kullun na samfurin da aka ƙone don ciwon sukari ya kamata ya ƙaddara ta wurin likitan halartar.

Kamar yadda kake gani, kayan zaki kayan masarufi sunfi dacewa da sukari mai girma a cikin darajar sa da kaddarorin kayan abinci. Don haka, amsar wannan tambayar "ana iya maye gurbin sukari da zuma" zai zama tabbatacce. Tunda kun sami irin wannan sauyawa, zaku inganta lafiyar ku, samun adadi mai ƙyalli kuma za ku iya jin daɗin ɗanɗano na yau da kullun mai ƙanshi da viscous nectar.

Banda wannan yana yiwuwa ne kawai dangane da rashin lafiyan, rashin jituwa ga samfurin kudan zuma ko kin yarda da dandanorsa. A irin wannan yanayin, duk da amfanin amber nectar, lallai ne a bar shi.

Fitar da ƙarancin zuma: mai bayyana sukari a ciki

Idan ka yanke shawarar musanya sukari mai girma na nectar na amber, kuna buƙatar koyon yadda za a zabi ingantaccen zuma da 100% na ƙwaya. Yana da mahimmanci a san yadda za a tantance samfurin ƙarancin inganci, yadda ake ƙayyade sukari da sauran kayan masarufi na masana'antun marasa amfani a cikin zuma. A wannan yanayin, zaku guji mummunan sakamako na sayen irin wannan "kayan zaki", wanda ba kawai zai iya samun damar maye gurbin sukari ba, amma kuma yana iya cutar da lafiyar ku.

Abin baƙin ciki, ƙara sucrose ga zuma ba sabon abu bane. Produan da ba shi da ma'ana yana amfani da sukari don haɓaka ƙarar kaya kuma yana cinikin kudan zuma na al'ada, yana haɓaka shi da sukari mai sukari. Bayyana "karya" ba zai zama da wahala ba idan ka yi amfani da dabaru da yawa:

Wajibi ne a niƙa ɗan ƙaramin samfurin kudan zuma tsakanin yatsunsu. Idan, shafawa amber nectar, kuna jin cewa an lalace sosai, daidaito yana da matukar wahala, lura da lumps - wannan samfurin ne mara inganci, samfurin karya ne. Abincin na halitta na dabi'a yana shafewa da sauƙi, a zahiri "narke" tsakanin yatsunsu har ma da soaks a cikin fata.
Yi amfani da cokali. Dole ne a nutsar da shi a cikin akwati tare da samfurin amber, sannan a hankali a cire shi. Samfurin kudan zuma na al'ada yana gudana sauƙaƙe daga cokali, yana samar da viscous da amber “makararru”, suna samar da zuma “hasumiya” a farfajiya.
Eterayyade sukari tare da shayi. Don bincika, muna buƙatar abin sha mai rauni wanda kake buƙatar nutsar da cokali ɗaya ko biyu na amber nectar, motsawa. Samfurin halitta ba tare da ƙazanta ba zai narke cikin ruwa ba tare da wata alama ba.

Kudan zuma abu ne mai daɗi kuma mai mahimmanci, babban abin da yake shine cewa dabi'a ce. Sanin fa'idodinsa akan sukari, sanin yadda ake gano samfurin ƙimar kudan zuma mai inganci, zaku iya zabar ruwan zuma kuma ku sanya shi "bako" na yau da kullun akan teburin ku.

M abubuwa masu mahimmanci da ma'adinai

Lokacin da masana kimiyya suka bincika abin da zuma ta ƙunsa, sai suka gano cewa abubuwanda yake ma'adinin yana kama da na jini. Fiye da abubuwan ganowa 40, waɗanda yawancinsu suna da mahimmanci don aikin jiki na yau da kullun, suna ƙunshe cikin wannan samfur. Suna tsara ayyukan tsarin juyayi, tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, suna cikin shafar abubuwan gina jiki. A cikin hanyoyi da yawa, ma'adinai ne waɗanda ke ƙayyade fa'idodin kyan zuma. Kodayake a cikin sharuddan kashi babu mafi yawan su - daga 0.5 zuwa 3.5%. Ana samun yawancin ma'adanai a cikin duhu iri na zuma.

Ga abubuwan da zuma ta kunsa:

Mafi yawan abin da ke ciki shine potassium, wanda yake da matukar muhimmanci ga aikin zuciya da tsokoki, yana da alaƙa a cikin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa,
a wuri na biyu dangane da phosphorus ya zama dole don gina kashin kasusuwa da tsarin juyayi,
akwai kuma sinadarai masu yawa a cikin zuma, wanda ba tare da wanda kashin ba, kasusuwa da hakoran mutum zasu rasa karfinsu,
sinadarin chlorine yana aiki a cikin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa,
sulfur yana wanke jikin da gubobi,
magnesium yana da mahimmanci don aiki da tsarin zuciya da aiki ginin tsoka,
baƙin ƙarfe yana shiga cikin jigilar oxygen a cikin jiki.

Bugu da ƙari, jan ƙarfe, aidin, cobalt, manganese, silicon, lithium, zinc, zinari, molybdenum, bismuth da sauran ma'adanai da yawa suna cikin wannan samfur.

Yawancin wannan samfurin warkarwa da bitamin. Suna isa can daga itacen fure da fure. Duk da gaskiyar cewa abun cikin su yana da ƙanana, suna da mahimmanci musamman ga mahimmancin ilimin halittarsu. Vitamin yana shiga cikin matakan metabolism, ƙara yawan rigakafi, rage jinkirin tsufa, da haɓaka haɓaka nama. Mafi yawan duka, zuma ta ƙunshi bitamin B, da kuma ascorbic acid. Yawan su ya bambanta da iri-iri. Kuma bitamin E da A ba su cikin kowane iri.

Sunadarai da Amino Acids

A cikin sarrafa zuma, ƙudan zuma na wadatar da abubuwan da ke tattare da ƙwayoyin nitrogen. Duk da ƙananan abun ciki (ƙasa da 1%), suna da matukar muhimmanci ga rayuwar jikin. Sunadarai a cikin wannan samfurin magani duka kayan lambu ne, wanda ya isa can daga tsirrai, da dabbobi - daga jikin ƙudan zuma.

Bugu da kari, zuma shine mai samarda yawancin abubuwan amino acid. Suna ba da samfurin wannan ƙanshin ƙanshi da warkarwa kaddarorin. Daga cikin amino acid din dake jikin zuma, shahararrun masu amfani kuma sune:

lysine
phenylalanine
acid din gilwa
Alanine
cutar sankarau
tryptophan,
methionine.

Enzymes da Acid

Ingancin zuma na halitta ya dogara da adadin enzymes. Waɗannan sune abubuwan gina jiki waɗanda ke haɗuwa da ɗaukar abubuwan gina jiki kuma suna haifar da tafiyar matakai na rayuwa. Bugu da kari, zuma enzymes hanzarta ta maturation. Suna ba da gudummawa ga canje-canje a launi, nuna gaskiya da yawa, saboda haka lokacin da aka mai zafi, samfurin ya yi duhu, ya zama gizagizai da sukari. Babban enzymes na zuma sune lipase, catalase, amylase, invertase. Sun rushe sucrose, suna inganta shakar ma'adinai.

Kudan zuma na da tasirin acid din saboda kasancewar kwayoyin da inorganic acid. Yawancin duk yana dauke da madara, lemun tsami da apple. Haka kuma akwai gluconic, succinic, oleic da sauran acid. Akwai kaɗan daga cikinsu a cikin samfurin inganci, saboda haka suna kawo fa'idodi kawai. To, a lõkacin da mai zafi, da a cikin fermented zuma, yawan acetic acid yana ƙaruwa.

Sauran abubuwa

Hakanan ana bayanin abubuwan da ke warkarwa na zuma ta kasancewar wasu abubuwa na musamman, wanda a cikin adadi kaɗan ke warkar da jiki. Waɗannan alkaloids, nicotine, quinine, maganin kafeyin, morphine. Zasu iya rage zafin rai, kwantar da hankalin jijiyoyi, daidaita tsarin tasoshin jini. Bugu da kari, wannan samfurin yana da mahimman mai, tannins, samfuri maras tabbas. Hakanan ana samun magungunan antimicrobial a ciki, wanda a cikin adadi mai yawa na iya jure koda ƙwayoyin cuta na anthrax, dysentery ko brucellosis.

Kudan zuma sun ƙunshi mahadi da ke aiki na rayuwa wanda ke kara sautin jijiyoyin jiki da haɓaka haɓakar nama. Hakanan yana ƙunshe da abubuwa masu ƙanshi da launuka masu launi waɗanda ke ba da launi da ƙanshin wannan wannan ƙanjin nectar.

Farin zuma

Abin da ya ƙunshi, mutane kaɗan ne ke tunani game da siyan irin wannan sabon abu. Yawancin lokaci, zuma tana da launi mai launin shuɗi, amma nectar daga wasu tsire-tsire na iya zama kusan m. Kuma bayan ya yi kauri, ya zama fari fat. Ana iya samun irin wannan zuma daga ƙasan itacen acacia, Cloverver, fireweed, linden, rasberi. Ana ɗaukar samfurin mara launi mai mahimmanci da amfani. Hakanan zaka iya sa zuma ta fari ta cakuda shi da jelly na sarauta.

Amma mafi mashahuri, musamman kasashen waje, an shirya farin zaki ne. Menene wannan samfurin ya ƙunshi? Mafi sau da yawa, wannan ne candied zuma Amma Yesu bai guje a blender. Idan ka doke shi na tsawon mintuna 30, zai sami farin launi da madaidaicin cakulan. Abunda yake dashi shine guda ɗaya, canje-canje masu launi kawai saboda haɓaka tare da oxygen.

Amma akwai nau'ikan farin zuma wadanda basa da su a cikin abubuwanda ke sanya wadatar abincin wanda zuma ta zahiri ta shahara sosai. Misali, kudan zuma da yayan zuma suka kirkiresu.

Ganyen zuma

Me ya ƙunsa? Bayan duk wannan, wannan launi mai ban mamaki ne ga zuma. Zai iya zama na halitta. Ana samun irin wannan samfurin lokacin da ƙudan zuma ba su tattara pollen daga furanni ba, amma kushin - kayan dadi na tsirrai. Saƙar sa zuma ta zama mai launin shuɗi. Abun da yake ciki kusan babu bambanci da saba. Amma ya ƙunshi ƙarin ma'adinai, don haka ana ɗaukar mafi amfani. Bugu da kari, zuma na iya zama kore bayan hadawa da propolis. A wannan yanayin, ƙwayar rigakafinsa, warkarwa ta rauni da kaddarorin immunostimulating suna haɓaka.