Bambanci tsakanin masu ciwon sukari da wadanda ba su da ciwon suga: menene cutar ta ƙunsa?

Akwai nau'ikan cuta guda biyu - ciwon sukari da insipidus na ciwon sukari. Wadannan ire-iren cututtukan suna da bambance-bambance tsakanin juna. Bambanci tsakanin mellitus na ciwon sukari da insipidus na ciwon sukari, duk da suna iri daya mai kama, ya ta'allaka ne ga abubuwan da ke haifar da haifar da rashin lafiya a cikin jiki, da kuma alamun da ke haɗuwa da cutar.

Ciwon sukari cuta ce da ta zama gama gari idan aka kwatanta da masu ciwon suga. Mafi sau da yawa, farawa na ciwon sukari yana da alaƙa da yanayin rayuwa na yau da kullun, wanda ke shafar ayyukan haɓakawa a cikin jiki.

Ciwon sukari mellitus daga insipidus na ciwon sukari ya bambanta da cewa abin da ya faru na iya tayar da matsalolin autoimmune a jikin mai haƙuri. Babban bambanci tsakanin mellitus na ciwon sukari da insipidus na ciwon sukari shine cewa ƙarshen yana faruwa mafi yawan lokuta saboda dalilai kamar babban raunin kai da haɓakar ciwan tumo a cikin jiki.

Babban bambance-bambance tsakanin ciwon sukari da ciwon sukari

Babban bambanci tsakanin insipidus na ciwon sukari da ciwon sukari mellitus shine cewa ci gaban insipidus na ciwon sukari ya danganta ne da lalacewar aiki na tsarin hypothalamic-pituitary, wanda ke haifar da raguwa ko dakatarwa na samar da maganin antasouretic hormone vasopressin.

Wannan hormone yana da alhaki a cikin jikin mutum don daidaitaccen rarrabuwar ƙwayar cuta. Kwayar ta shiga cikin kulawar homeostasis ta hanyar sarrafa adadin ruwan da aka cire daga jikin mutum.

Idan akwai matsala a cikin aiki na tsarin hypothalamic-pituitary, adadin hormone ya zama bai isa ba don aiwatar da aikin sake dawo da yanayin, wanda shine maye gurbin ruwa a cikin tubules na kodan. Wannan halin yana haifar da ci gaban polyuria.

A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, an bayyana wani yanayi wanda karancin iskar insulin ta jiki a jikin mutum, wanda ke da alhakin rage yawan glucose a cikin jini ta kwayoyin jikin.

Bugu da ƙari, mellitus na ciwon sukari na iya ci gaba idan akwai isasshen samar da insulin yayin da ƙwayoyin jiki ke da juriya na insulin. A kashin na karshe, sel wadanda ke jikinsu suna tsayawa ko rage yawan tasirin glucose, wanda hakan ke haifar da rushewar yanayin metabolism da tarin glucose a cikin jini.

Don fahimtar yadda mellitus ciwon sukari ya bambanta da ciwon sukari mellitus, kuna buƙatar fahimtar abubuwan da ke haifar da bayyanar cututtuka biyu a cikin mutane.

Sanadin kamuwa da cutar sankarau da ciwon suga

Ciwon sukari a cikin jiki na iya zama nau'i biyu. Tare da haɓaka nau'in cutar ta farko a cikin mutane, ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta dakatar da samar da insulin na hormone, wanda jiki ke buƙatar shan ƙwayar glucose daidai.

Tare da haɓaka nau'in na biyu na ciwon sukari, ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin jiki yana ci gaba da samar da insulin, amma akwai rikice-rikice a cikin aiwatar da ƙimantawa ta hanyar ƙwayoyin nama. Duk waɗannan hanyoyin suna haifar da ƙaruwa mai girma a matakin glucose a cikin jinin mai haƙuri. Sakamakon aukuwar wadannan rikice-rikice, jiki ya haɗa da hanyoyin biyan diyya waɗanda ke haifar da karuwa a cikin haɓakar fitsari.

Don haka, jiki yana ƙoƙarin cire karin glucose daga kyallen da fitsari. Increasearuwar yawan fitsari da aka samar yana haifar da urination akai-akai, wanda ke haifar da rashin ruwa.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon insipidus sune kamar haka:

1. Haɓakar kumburi a cikin hypothalamus ko ƙwayar ciki.
2. Samuwar cututtukan ƙwayar cutar daji a cikin kwakwalwar hypothalamic-pituitary na kwakwalwa.
3. Damuwa a cikin aiki na tsarin hypothalamic-pituitary.
4. Mai tsananin rauni.
5. Kasancewar a cikin jikin magadan gado na ci gaban cutar.
6. Pathologies a cikin aikin nama na renal a cikin amsa ga vasopressin.
7. Samuwar sabbin abubuwa ko toshewar hanyoyin jini.
8. Haɓakawa a cikin jikin wasu siffofin meningitis ko encephalitis.
9. Hend-Schuller-Christian syndrome, wanda aka haɓaka ta hanyar ƙara yawan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ayyukan tarihin.

Dukkanin cututtukan biyu suna haɗuwa da haɓaka jin ƙishirwa, amma yakamata a tuna cewa a wasu yanayi ƙaruwar jin ƙishirwa da sakin babban adadin fitsari na iya zama psychogenic a yanayi.

Bayyanar cutar sankara da ciwon insipidus

Mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari da insipidus na fama da yawan ƙishirwa da fitowar fitar fitsari mai yawa. Lokacin da waɗannan alamun suka bayyana, ya kamata ku nemi shawara da kuma bincika jikin mutum daga endocrinologist da wuri-wuri.

Mutanen da suke haɓaka ciwon sukari mellitus an bambanta su da gaskiyar cewa suna ƙaruwa da ƙayyadaddiyar ƙwayar fitsari da aka keɓance a ciki wanda aka ƙunshi glucose. Game da ciwon insipidus na sukari a cikin mutane, ba a gano abubuwan da ke cikin sukari a cikin fitsari ba, kuma yawan kumburin fitsari da ke ƙasa yana al'ada.

Don gano ciwon insipidus na sukari, ana yin gwajin ƙuntatawa na ruwa. Lokacin da iyakance yawan shan ruwa yake haifar da raguwar hauhawar jini da hauhawar zuciya. Idan a cikin martani ga gabatarwar vasopressin a cikin jiki, matsin lamba ya daidaita kuma diuresis din ya ragu, to, likitan da ke halartar ya tabbatar da bayyanar cutar.

Don tabbatar da kasancewar ciwon insipidus na cikin mutum, an tsara ƙarin gwaje-gwaje:

• tabbatar da dalilin yawan fitsari,
• X-ray jarrabawar turki da kwanyar ta Turkiyya,
• karin bayani,
• duban dan tayi
• kimiyar kara bayani

Bugu da kari, an bada shawara cewa kwararru masu zuwa suyi nazari kuma suyi nazarin mai haƙuri:

1. mai ilimin halittar jiki
2. ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa
3. kwararren likita.

Don gano ciwon sukari, ana amfani da gwajin jini na biochemical da farko don abubuwan glucose a ciki.

Don gano ciwon sukari mellitus, ana gudanar da gwaje-gwaje da yawa don sanin adadin glucose a cikin jinin mai haƙuri a ƙarƙashin yanayi daban-daban.

Lokacin yanke hukuncin glucose na jini na azumi, mai nuna alama yakamata ya yi sauƙaƙe a cikin kewayon 3.5-5.5 mmol / L, bayan cin wannan alamar kada ya wuce 11.2 mmol / L. A yayin da waɗannan alamu suka ƙare, ba shi da haɗari a ce mutum yana da ciwon sukari.

Don samun ingantacciyar ganewar asali, ana gudanar da ƙarin gwaje-gwaje na jikin mutum, wanda ke ba mu damar tabbatar da wane nau'in ciwon sukari ke tasowa a jikin mutum.

Tabbatar da nau'in ciwon sukari ana buƙatar zaɓar madaidaicin tsarin kulawa don cutar.

Jiyya da ciwon sukari da ciwon insipidus

Zaɓin magani don insipidus na ciwon sukari ya dogara da dalilin da ke haifar da haɓaka cutar a cikin jikin mutum. Idan sanadin cutar ita ce fitowar mutum da ciwan kansa ko kuma toshewar kansa, to lallai ana buƙatar aiwatar da aikin don magance cutar. A wannan yanayin, ana gudanar da magani ta amfani da radiation da maganin guba. Idan ya cancanta, ana yin tiyata don cire neoplasm.

A cikin abin da ya haifar da dalilin ciwon insipidus shine haɓaka tsari mai kumburi a cikin jikin da ke haɗuwa da tsarin kwakwalwa, an tsara allunan rigakafi da magungunan rigakafi. A yayin aiwatar da matakan warkewa, an wajabta mai haƙuri da kwayoyi masu dauke da vasopressin. Dalilin shan irin waɗannan magungunan shine don samar da jiki tare da vasopressin na hormone idan ya kasance rashi, wanda ya haifar da damuwa da damuwa a cikin tsarin hypothalamic-pituitary.

Dokar da ke ba da izinin likita ta tsara magunguna kuma tana haɓaka tsarin kulawa ta la'akari da halayen mutum na jikin mai haƙuri.

Ba kamar insipidus masu ciwon sukari ba, ana kula da masu ciwon sukari tare da tsananin kulawa da ƙwararrun abinci, motsa jiki na yau da kullun, da gudanar da kwayoyi waɗanda ke ɗauke da insulin na hormone.

Akwai nau'ikan insulin daban-daban. Zaɓin hanyar yin nishaɗi don gudanarwa da haɗuwa da insulins daban-daban ta hanyar endocrinologist wanda ke yin la’akari da sakamakon da aka samu yayin nazarin jikin mai haƙuri da halayensa na mutum. Abincin mai haƙuri ga mai haƙuri tare da ciwon sukari mellitus yana haɓaka ta hanyar diabetologist Hakanan dole ne la'akari da halayen mutum na haƙuri.

Elena Malysheva a cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin zai gabatar da cikakken bayani game da cuta kamar insipidus na ciwon sukari.