Short insulins na masu ciwon sukari

Insulin wani takamaiman magani ne na rashin lafiyar. Tare da gabatarwar insulin a cikin jiki, matakan sukari na jini yana raguwa, ƙyalli a cikin fitsari yana raguwa. Yawan insulin ya dogara da tsananin cutar. Matsakaicin bukatun yau da kullun shine raka'a 0.25-0.5-1 / kilogiram na jiki na yaro.

Medicalungiyar likitancin ta samar da shirye-shiryen insulin daban-daban - insulins na ɗan gajeren lokaci da tsawaita (tsawaita) aiki. Kwayar insulin a cikin raka'a (UNITS).

Short insulins a bayyane yake. 1 ml ya ƙunshi raka'a 40. A cikin kwalabe shine 5 ml, ƙasa da sau 10 ml.

Tsawon lokaci insulins suna da hazo, dole ne a girgiza su kafin amfani, kwalban ya ƙunshi 10 ml da 5 ml. A waje yana samar da insulin a cikin 1 ml - 40,80,100,500.

Dokokin gudanar da insulin

1. Ana gudanar da insulin na karkashin kasa (ana iya gudanarda insulins na cikin gajerun aiki).

2. Lokacin farin ciki da yatsa tsakanin yatsunsu (a wurin allura) yakamata ya zama cm 1. An saka allurar a tsaye (a wani kusurwa na 90 °), ga ƙananan yara a kusurwar kusan 60 °.

3. Ya zama dole a madadin wuraren allurar. Wata ma'aikaciyar jinya tana buƙatar sanin maki 10 (akwai sama da 40 a cikinsu): gaban cinya na cinya, ciki, kafada, yankin yanki, gindi da sauransu. An saka allurar cikin insulin zuwa wurare daban-daban - a kusurwoyin kwakwalwa ta hanyar alwatika ko polygon.

4. Don allurar rigakafin subcutaneous, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da sirinji na musamman (a cikin 1 ml akwai sassan 40 don U-40.

5. Kafin haifuwa, a kekantar sirinji da allura, an tsabtace allurai tare da mandrin, har ma da ƙarancin ɓarnar soda a cikin ruwa ba za a bar shi ya tafasa lokacin da yake tafasa ba, tunda insulin ya bazu cikin yanayin alkaline.

6. Lokacin da cika sirinji da insulin, suna samun raka'a 1-2 fiye da allura, tunda lokacin da aka saki iska kuma bayan allura, wani ɓangaren insulin ɗin ya ɓace (wani ɓangare yana kasancewa a cikin tashar da allura).

7. Kafin cika cikin sirinji tare da insulin tsawon lokaci, murfin dole ne a hade shi da motsi mai jujjuyawa tsakanin tafin hannu, kuma murfin ya kasance a tsaye. Shake da ƙarfi.

8. Bai kamata a sarrafa insulin don yin allura ba. Idan an fitar dashi daga cikin firiji, yana da buqatar a bar shi ya tsaya a zazzabi a daki (20-22 ° C) ko a sanya shi a cikin wanka na ruwa (zazzabi ruwa 50-60 ° C).

9. Kada a gauraya insulin mai tsawo da gajeriyar aiki a cikin sirinji iri ɗaya. Ya kamata a gudanar dasu dabam.

10. Kada kuyi allurar insulin intramuscularly, tunda saurin ɗaukar hankali daga tsokoki zai iya haifar da cutar hypoglycemia.

11. Ba a son yin amfani da insulin na gajeran lokaci kafin lokacin bacci, tunda ba za a iya gano alamun hypoglycemia a cikin yaran da ke bacci ba. Hakanan, insulin tsawon lokaci shine mafi kyawun kulawa a cikin dare (kafin lokacin bacci), saboda ƙashin kansa yana faruwa da safe, ba dare ba.

12. Bayan allurar insulin, dole ne a ciyar da yaron bayan mintuna 30-40 da kuma bayan awanni 2.

13. Wata ma’aikaciyar jinya ba ta da ’yanci, a bisa son kanta, ta sauya kashi na insulin.

14. Guji guda allura guda na insulin (akwai raguwar yawan sukari cikin jini - hawan jini).

15. Fatar da aka yi amfani da ita kafin yin allura da giya dole ne a bar ta ta bushe, tunda giya tana hana aikin insulin.

16. Karka yi amfani da insulin da ya ƙare.

17. Kuna iya adana insulin a zazzabi a daki (baya wuce 25 ° C) tsawon wata 1, amma a wuri mai duhu.

Kwanan nan, ƙari da yawa don lura da ciwon sukari suna amfani da na'urori na musamman don gudanar da insulin - alkalami mai sirinji. Wannan na'ura ce mai sauki, mai matukar dacewa, waje yayi kama da allon ball, a gefe guda wanda akwai allura, a daya bangaren maɓallin turawa. A ciki wannan an sanya alkalami mai sihiri na inulin da bakararre na bakin ciki, an rufe shi da hula mai kafa biyu, yana rauni a ƙarshen alƙalin. Akwai nau'ikan insulin 17 na insulin a cikin gwangwani kuma saboda haka ba kwa buƙatar ɗaukar insulin daga kwalba kowane lokaci tare da sirinji na yau da kullun, amma kawai yi injections har sai lokacin yana iya ƙare da insulin, sannan kuma ana iya maye gurbin shi. An maye gurbin allura bayan matsakaita na injections na 10-12. Insulin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin almarar sirinji ba ya buƙatar adana shi a cikin firiji. Wannan shi ne ɗayan abubuwan jin daɗi: ana iya ɗaukar allurar insulin ta insulin tare da kai zuwa makaranta, a cikin tafiya, don ziyarta.

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Manufar insulin gajeran aiki

Da zaran an gabatar da wannan insulin, sai ya narke kuma yayi saurin aiwatar da matakan metabolism wadanda suke hade da shanyewar glucose.

Ba kamar magungunan da ake yin aiki da dadewa ba, sun ƙunshi kawai maganin tsarkakakken yanayin ba tare da wani ƙari ba. Daga sunan yana da tabbaci cewa bayan gabatarwar, sun fara aiki da sauri, watau a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci suna rage matakin sukari na jini. Amma a lokaci guda, sun dakatar da ayyukansu da sauri fiye da kwayoyi na matsakaitan lokacin aiki, kamar yadda za'a iya gani akan misalin tsarin da ke gaba:

Yaushe ake tsara irin wannan insulin?

Ana amfani da gajeren insulins shi kaɗai ko a hade tare da tsoffin kwayoyin halitta. An ba shi damar shigar har zuwa sau 6 a rana. Mafi yawan lokuta, ana wajabta su a cikin irin waɗannan halaye kamar:

• murmurewa far,
• jiki mai saurin yin insulin,
• m shisshigi
• karaya
• rikicewar ciwon sukari - ketoacidosis.

Tsawon lokacin nawa insulin yayi aiki kuma yaushe ne yayi girma?

Tare da gudanarwa na subcutaneous, ana lura da mafi girman tasirin maganin, wanda ke faruwa a cikin minti 30-40, daidai lokacin da narkewar abincin abincin ya faru.

Bayan shan miyagun ƙwayoyi, ana samun mafi girman aikin insulin bayan sa'o'i 2-3. Tsawon zamani ya dogara da kashi da aka gudanar:

• idan 4 UNITS - 6 UNITS, tsawon lokacin ƙa'idodin kusan 5 hours,
• idan raka'a 16 ko fiye, zai iya kaiwa awanni 6-8.

Bayan ƙarewar aikin, ana fitar da miyagun ƙwayoyi daga jikin ta ta hanyar maganin cututtukan hormonal.

Iri shirye-shiryen insulin mai laushi

Akwai shirye-shiryen insulin gajere da gajere, daga cikinsu magunguna daga tebur sun shahara sosai:

Abubuwan insulins da aka lissafa suna dauke da injiniyan ɗan adam, ban da Monodar, wanda ake magana da alade. Akwai shi a cikin nau'i mai narkewa a cikin vials. Duk an yi nufin su don maganin nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Sau da yawa ana yin magani kafin magunguna masu amfani da dogon lokaci.

Ba a sanya magunguna ga mata masu juna biyu da masu shayarwa, tunda wannan nau'in insulin ba ya shiga cikin mahaifa da kuma cikin madara.

Ultra Short-aiki insulin

Wannan shine sabon abin da aka kirkira a fannin harhada magunguna. Ya bambanta da sauran jinsuna a cikin kusan aikinsa kai tsaye, daidaitaccen sukari na jini. Mafi magungunan da aka tsara sune:

Wadannan kwayoyi sune alamun kwayar halittar mutum. Sun dace da yanayin inda ake buƙatar ɗaukar abinci, amma ba a san adadin sa ba, lokacin da yake da wahala ƙididdige yawan insulin don narkewa. Za ku iya ci da farko, sannan ku ƙididdige kashi kuma ku saka mai haƙuri. Tunda aikin insulin yayi sauri, abinci bazai da lokacin da zai iya sarrafawa.

Wannan insulin ultrashort an tsara shi ne don amfani dashi lokacin da mutane masu ciwon sukari suka karya abincinsu kuma suka ci abinci mafi yawa fiye da yadda aka bada shawara. Yawancin lokaci a cikin irin waɗannan lokuta ana samun karuwa mai yawa a cikin sukari, wanda zai haifar da rikicewar kiwon lafiya. Sannan wadannan kwayoyi na iya taimakawa. Wani lokaci, lokacin da mai haƙuri ba zai iya jira na kimanin minti 40 ba, kuma ya ketare cin abincin da wuri, kuma irin wannan insulin za'a iya allura dashi.

Ba a sanya irin wannan insulin ga marasa lafiya da ke bin duk ka'idodi a cikin abincin. Mafi yawancin lokuta, kawai a matsayin motar asibiti don tsalle mai tsayi a cikin sukari.

Ba a sanya shi cikin mata masu juna biyu da kamuwa da cutar sankarau ba. An ba shi izinin amfani, koda kuwa akwai cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na ciki.

Amfanin ultrashort insulin shine zai iya:

• rage yawan adadin sukarin jini da daddare, musamman a farkon daukar ciki,
• taimaka wajan hanzarta daidaita sukari a cikin mahaifiyar mai haihuwar yayin sashin cesarean,
• rage haɗarin rikitarwa bayan cin abinci.

Wadannan kwayoyi suna da tasiri sosai har suna iya daidaita sukari a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, yayin da ake sarrafawa da ƙasa da ƙasa, wanda ke taimakawa hana rikice-rikice iri-iri.

An samo asali ne daga cutar ta glycemia

Lissafin lissafi dangane da abincin da aka ci

Singleaya daga cikin kashi na aikin insulin na gajeran lokaci ya dogara ne akan matakin glucose a cikin jini, har ma da abinci. Don haka, don lissafin yana da daraja la'akari da waɗannan bayanan:

• Nauyin ma'auni na carbohydrates shine raka'a gurasa (XE). Don haka, 1 XE = 10 g na glucose,
• Ga kowane XE kuna buƙatar shigar da raka'a 1 na insulin. Don ƙarin ƙididdigar cikakken daidaito, ana amfani da wannan ma'anar - 1 rukunin insulin yana rage hormone ta hanyar 2.0 mmol / l, kuma 1 XE na abinci na carbohydrate ya haɓaka zuwa 2.0 mmol / l, don haka ga kowane 0.28 mmol / l wanda ya wuce 8, 25 mmol / l, ana gudanar da sashin 1 na miyagun ƙwayoyi,
• Idan abincin ba ya dauke da carbohydrates, matakin hodar a cikin jini da alamu baya karawa.

Don yin ƙididdigar sauƙaƙe, ana bada shawara don adana abubuwan tunawa kamar haka:

Misalin lissafi: Idan matakin glucose shine 8 mmol / l kafin abinci, kuma ana shirin cin 20 g na abinci na carbohydrate ko 2 XE (+4.4 mmol / l), to bayan cin abinci na sukari zai tashi zuwa 12.4, yayin da dabi'a take 6. Don haka, ya zama dole a gabatar da rukunin guda 3 na maganin don ƙididdigar sukari ya faɗi zuwa 6.4.

Matsakaicin adadin don gudanarwa guda ɗaya

Kowane kashi na insulin an daidaita shi ta likitan halartar, amma bai kamata ya zama sama da 1.0 PIECES ba, wanda aka ƙididdita ta 1 kg na yawanta. Wannan shine kaso mafi yawa.

Yawan shaye-shaye na iya haifar da rikitarwa.

Yawanci, likita yana bin ƙa'idodin masu zuwa:

• Idan ba a gano nau'in 1 na masu ciwon sukari ba da daɗewa ba, ana yin allurar da bai wuce 0.5 raka'a / kg ba.
• Tare da biyan diyya mai kyau a cikin shekara, kashi shine 0.6 U / kg.
• Idan an lura da tashin hankali a cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, sukari yana canzawa koyaushe, to, ana ɗaukar 0.7 U / kg.
• Tare da bayyanar cututtuka na cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, kashi shine 0.8 IU / kg.
• Tare da ketacidosis, ana ɗaukar 0.9 U / kg.
• Idan ciki a sati na karshe shine rago 1.0 / kg.

Yadda ake yin gajeran insulin? (bidiyo)

Duk nau'in insulin ana sarrafa su iri ɗaya iri ɗaya kafin abinci. An bada shawara don zaɓar waɗannan wuraren akan jikin mutum inda manyan jijiyoyin jini ba su ƙetare, akwai adadi mai kitse mai ƙyalƙyali.

Tare da gudanarwa na gudanarwa, aikin insulin zai zama mai sauri, wanda ba a yarda da shi a cikin ilimin yau da kullun ba. Saboda haka, an bada shawarar yin amfani da magungunan rage ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, wanda ke ba da gudummawar ɗaukar insulin cikin jini.

Zaka iya zaɓar ciki, amma kada ka kwantar a tsakanin radiyon 6 cm daga cibiya. Kafin allurar, kuna buƙatar wanke wannan yankin kuma ku wanke hannuwanku da sabulu da bushe. Shirya duk abin da ya wajaba don aikin: sirinji wanda za'a iya zubar dashi, kwalban tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi da ƙusoshin auduga. Tabbatar duba ranar karewa na miyagun ƙwayoyi!

Na gaba, dole ne ku bi umarnin nan:

1. Cire hula daga sirinji, barin maɓallin roba.
2. Bi da allura tare da barasa kuma a hankali shiga cikin kwalbar tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi.
3. Tara adadin insulin da ya dace.
4. Ka fitar da allura ka bar iska, ka jagoranci jigon sirinji har sai digon insulin ya ragu.
5. Tare da babban yatsa da yatsun ƙafa, yi ɗan ƙaramin fata. Idan ƙananan fatarar ƙasa mai kauri, to, za mu gabatar da allura a wani kusurwa na digiri 90, tare da bakin ciki - dole ne a ɗanɗaɗa allura a wani kusurwa na 45 digiri. In ba haka ba, allurar ba za ta kasance subcutaneous, amma intramuscular. Idan mai haƙuri ba shi da nauyi mai yawa, zai fi kyau amfani da allura mai kauri da ƙarami.
6. Sannu a hankali kuma a hankali ayi amfani da allurar insulin. Saurin ya kamata ya kasance daidai lokacin aiki.
7. Lokacin da sirinjin ya zama komai, da sauri ka cire allurar daga ƙarƙashin fata ka saki fatar.
8. Saka kwalban kariya a allurar siririn kuma ka watsar da shi.

Ba za ku iya saka farashi ba koyaushe a wuri guda, kuma nisan da za a yi daga allura zuwa wani ya zama 2 cm. Alternarin injections: na farko a cinya ɗaya, sannan kuma a cikin but. In ba haka ba, lissafin mai na iya faruwa.

Yawan sha iska na hormone koda ya dogara da zaɓin wuri. Fiye da sauri, ana ɗaukar insulin daga bangon gaban ciki, sannan kafadu da gindi, daga baya kuma daga gaban cinya.

Zai fi kyau allura a cikin ciki, don aikin ya faru da sauri da zarar sun ci abinci.

Don ƙarin koyo game da hanyar sarrafa insulin, duba wannan labarin ko bidiyon da ke tafe:

A ƙarshe, yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba za ku iya zaɓar magani ɗaya da kansa ba, canza sashi ba tare da takardar likita ba. Yana da mahimmanci don haɓaka, tare da endocrinologist, tsari don gudanarwarsa bisa ga tsari da adadin abincin da aka ɗauka. Yana da kyau a canza wurin allura koyaushe, adana magungunan daidai, kula da kwanakin karewa. Kuma a cikin ƙananan canje-canje da rikitarwa, nemi likita.

Iri insulin

An rarraba shirye-shiryen insulin cikin rukuni gwargwadon lokacin bayyanar jikin jikin mai haƙuri. Akwai nau'ikan magani 5 - insulin-gajere-insulin, gajere, tsaka-tsaki, tsawanta (tsawaita) da haɗuwa. Lokacin aikin su a cikin jiki ya bambanta kuma ya tashi daga 1 hour zuwa 24 hours. Magungunan ultrashort yana farawa a cikin 'yan mintoci kaɗan kuma tasirinsa ya kasance daga awanni 1 zuwa 3, tsawaita aikin insulin bayan awa ɗaya kuma yana ci gaba da rage glucose na awanni 24.

Shirye-shiryen insulin sun bambanta a cikin yanayin da ake amfani dasu. Idan insulin tsawan lokaci na taimaka wa mai haƙuri ya kula da glucose na yau da kullun a cikin rana, to insulin gajere ana kiransa insulin abinci - yana aiki akan jiki yayin abinci kuma yana hana sauya carbohydrates da aka samo yayin abincin zuwa cikin glucose. Ultrashort insulin an yi shi ne don lokuta na tsalle-tsalle cikin kwatsam, lokacin da ake buƙatar gaggawa don rage shi.

Short shirye-shiryen insulin

Ba duk insulins na gajere bane zasu iya maye gurbin juna. Suna da halaye na kansu a cikin abun da ke ciki da tasiri akan abun da ke tattare da jini da jin daɗin haƙuri. Babban abin shi ne duk nau'ikan magunguna masu sauri suna fara aiki kusan mintuna 30 bayan allura. Suna rage yawan glucose. Ingantacce daga 3 hours zuwa 8. Bayan shiga cikin jikin, waɗannan kudade an cire su ta hanyar catecholamines, STH da wasu kwayoyin. Amma, koda bayan bacewar magunguna daga jini, yana ci gaba da tasirin sa a cikin sel. An bayar da sunayen magunguna da kwatancinsu a ƙasa.

Wannan miyagun ƙwayoyi, bisa ga umarnin, ishara ne na hormone na halitta wanda aka samar a jikin mutum. A cikin aiki, shine mafi girman mafi girman gajerun. A cikin wasu kwatancin, maganin yana cikin rukunin ƙungiyar ultrashort insulins. Magungunan yana fara rage yawan glucose a cikin mintina 15 bayan gudanarwar, amma tasirin sa ya wuce bayan sa'o'i 3.

An wajabta maganin a cikin waɗannan halaye:

• Type 2 ciwon sukari
• Rashin yarda da shirye-shiryen insulin na kwayoyin halittar,
• Asedara yawan glucose bayan cin abinci,
• Rashin rigakafi ko rashin haƙuri ga magungunan marasa insulin waɗanda ke rage glucose,
• Nau'in na 2 na ciwon sukari mellitus tare da rikitarwa masu rikitarwa yayin aikin tiyata da kuma gaban cututtukan da ke haɗuwa da cuta.

Ana amfani da lissafin maganin da aka bayyana a likitan. Thisauki wannan magani a cikin hanyar injections subcutaneously, ciki, cikin intramuscularly. Idan an shigar da maganin ta hanyar kansa, to mara lafiyar yana amfani da hanyar kulawa da ƙasa. An wajabta maganin don gudanarwa kafin abinci kuma wannan ya bambanta da insulins na gajere.

Idan lissafin kashi ba daidai ba ne, hypoglycemia, hypoglycemic coma, rikicewar ido, raguwa mai raɗaɗi a cikin kitse na ƙananan ƙwayoyi (lipodystrophy), da rashin lafiyan mai yiwuwa a matsayin sakamako na gefen.

Tasirin NM

Wannan insulin mai sauri yana rage glucose rabin sa'a bayan allura kuma yana zuwa awa 8. Prefix NM zuwa sunan yana nuna cewa miyagun ƙwayoyi ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ɗan adam ne wanda aka samo ta hanyar jiki. An wajabta magunguna:

• Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2,
• Tare da rigakafin ƙwayoyin glucose a cikin allunan,
• A lokacin lokutan tiyata
• A lokacin daukar ciki.

An tsara Actrapid don rikice-rikice na rayuwa na carbohydrates saboda rashin isasshen adadin hormone. Ana gudanar dashi tare da coma mai rikitarwa ta hanyar mummunar lalacewar metabolism na ciki. Hakanan, ana nuna magungunan don rashin yarda da magungunan asalin dabbobi.

Ana gudanar da maganin a kullun daga sau 3 zuwa 6 a cikin awanni 24. Idan a lokaci guda mai haƙuri ya ɗauki wasu nau'in hormone na wucin gadi, wannan bai kamata ya shafi sashi ba. Dangane da batun amfani da shirye-shiryen dabbobi ne, ana iya rage kashi 10%.

Contraindications sune cututtukan jini da na huɗar hanji waɗanda ke haifar da abubuwa na hormonal.

Insuman Rapid

Magungunan a cikin alamu da alamu suna kama da na baya. Insulin ne mai saurin motsa jiki. Tsawan lokacin sakamako na rage ƙananan glucose shine, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar wannan magani, har zuwa 7 hours. Ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin vials don sirinjin insulin kuma a cikin katako don almalin maganin sirinji tare da amfani da kai.

Ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi na mintina 20 kafin abinci a ƙarƙashin. Insuman Rapid yana tafiya da kyau tare da insulin na tsawon lokaci, wanda ya ƙunshi ƙananan ƙwayoyin protinine mai nauyi-kwayoyin.

Tsarin Insuman Rapid yana kusan zuwa hormone mutum. An samo shi ta hanyar aiwatar da iri na E. coli.

Humulin akai-akai

Wannan insulin na mutum ne, mallakar kungiyar ICD ne, wanda aka samu ta injiniyan kwayoyin. Kamar sauran kwayoyin halittar wannan nau'in, ana samunsa don allura tare da allura da alkalami mai ƙarfi. Ya kamata a yi allura a ciki (yanki - 2 cm daga cibiya), cinya ko babba na hannu. Dole ne a canza wurin allurar. Farashi kusa da wurin allurar data gabata kada ta kasance.

Sakamakon sakamako na rashin haƙuri a cikin ciki ko tare da yawan abin sama da ya kamata na iya zama:

• Rage cikin glucose da yawa
• Allergic dauki
• Reductionarfin raguwa mai mai mai cikin ƙasa.

Ana lissafin kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi dangane da nauyin jikin mutum. An yarda da wannan maganin a cikin jarirai.

Homorap 40

Wannan magani ne mai tasiri wanda ya danganci gajeren hancin insulins. Ayyukanta suna farawa a cikin mintina 30 bayan gudanarwa kuma har zuwa awa 8. Ayyukan kowane insulin gajere ya dogara da wurin aikinta, hanyar allura, gwargwadon aikin da aka lissafa daidai da yadda mutum zai magance maganin mai cutar.

Ana amfani da kwayoyi a cikin yanayi na gaggawa na yanayin maƙarƙashiya da yanayin rashin haƙuri. An saka masa jini a lokacin tiyata. Magungunan sun dace da kula da yaro da mace mai juna biyu.

Inje mai ciki yakan sanya sau 3 a rana. Don yin allura, ana amfani da famfon insulin. Hakanan zaka iya yin allura ta hanyar buga syringe 1 tare da insulin aiki na tsawan lokaci. Dole ne a tuna cewa tare da wannan haɗin, da farko an sanya ɗan gajeren hormone a cikin sirinji, sannan mai daɗaɗɗen.

Ba a hade da Homorap 40 tare da duk magunguna. Misali, tare da magani na lokaci daya tare da beta-blockers, gyaran kashi ya zama dole. Karanta umarnin a hankali.

Janar kaddarorin insulin sauri

Ga dukkan shirye-shiryen insulin gajere, ka'idodi masu zuwa don ajiyayyar su da canzawa suna da inganci:

• Dole ne a rufe vials tare da magani. Zai fi kyau a kiyaye su a ƙofar firiji don su kasance masu sanyi amma ba daskarewa.
• A cikin ɗaki a zazzabi da ke ƙasa da digiri 30, hormones sun dace don amfani ba wata ɗaya ba. A yanayin zafi mafi girma, ba za a iya aje su ba.
• Kuna iya ɗaukar kicin tare da magani a cikin walat ɗinku, jakar kwaskwarima, aljihu.
• Short insulin, da kowa, basu yarda da hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Har ila yau, yanayin zafi yana cutar da shi. Kada a ajiye magunguna a cikin safar hannu na motar da aka bari a rana.

Alamomin da ke biyo baya suna nuna cewa maganin bai dace ba don amfani:

• Maganin a cikin ampoule yana da gajimare
• Ranar karewa da aka rubuta akan marufi ya riga ya wuce,
• Magungunan ya daskare, yanzu an daskare shi,
• Za a iya ganin kumbuna ko flakes a cikin kumfa,
• An buɗe kwalbar kuma yana cikin wannan yanayin fiye da wata 1.

Idan mai haƙuri ya bi duk ka'idodin ajiya na sama da ƙa'idodin sufuri, matsaloli tare da amfani da hormone na wucin gadi bazai taso ba.

Insulin jikin Jiki

A cikin gina jiki, ana amfani da magani na gajeriyar hanya maimakon magungunan anabolic steroid. Sakamakonsa shine cewa ana jujjuya glucose zuwa tsokoki, sabili da haka babban ci gaba ya faru.

Dokar motsa jiki an zabi kashi don bodybuilders daban-daban. Haƙiƙar ita ce yawan shan ƙwayoyi tare da ƙarancin motsa jiki yana haifar da kiba, tunda glucose yana shiga ba tsokoki kawai ba, har ma ya shiga cikin mai mai ƙyalƙyali.

Hanyar aikin

A jikin mutum, kowane tsibiri na pancreas yana da alhakin samar da insulin. A tsawon lokaci, waɗannan ƙwayoyin beta ba sa jimre wa ayyukansu, wanda ke haifar da karuwa cikin yawan sukarin jini.

Lokacin da insulin aiki na gajeren lokaci ya shiga jiki, yana haifar da amsawa, wanda ke kunna aiki na glucose. Wannan yana taimakawa juya sukari ya zama glucogens da mai. Hakanan, ƙwayar tana taimakawa wajen kafa sha daga cikin glucose a cikin hanta hanta.

Ka tuna cewa irin wannan nau'in magani a cikin nau'ikan allunan ba zai haifar da wani sakamako ba a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 na mellitus. A wannan yanayin, abubuwan da ke aiki zasu rushe gaba daya cikin ciki. A wannan yanayin, injections wajibi ne.

Don amfani da sirinji mai dacewa, ana shigar da sirinji na pen ko kuma insulin matatun mai. Insulin-gajeran aiki an yi niyya ne don maganin masu ciwon sukari a farkon matakan.

Yaya ake ɗaukar insulin gajere?

Don yin aikin insulin gajeriyar hanya ta zama mai amfani kamar yadda zai yiwu, dole ne a kiyaye wasu ka'idoji da yawa ga:

• Yin allura wajibi ne kawai kafin abinci.
• Ana gudanar da allurar ta baki ta hanyar hana sakamako.
• Don insulin a cikin jiki a ko'ina, dole ne a masar da allurar site na wasu mintina.
• Lura cewa zaɓi na kashi na abu mai aiki yakamata ya kasance ta likitan halartar ne kaɗai.

Kowane kashi na insulin gajeren aiki yakamata a lissafta daban. Don yin wannan, ya kamata marasa lafiya su san kansu da ka’idar. Ana amfani da kashi 1 na miyagun ƙwayoyi don sarrafa abinci, wanda yake daidai da darajar ƙungiyar burodi ɗaya.

Hakanan yi ƙoƙarin bin waɗannan jagororin:

1. Idan tattarawar sukari a cikin jini al'ada ce, to adadin maganin zai rage shi ba komai bane. Ana ɗaukar kashi na abu mai aiki gwargwadon adadin sassan gurasar da ake buƙatar sarrafawa.
2. Idan matakin glucose ya yi girma sama da na yau da kullun, to, ga kowane yanki na gurasa yakamata ya kasance ya zama inci 2 na insulin. A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar shigar da su kafin cin abinci.
3. A yayin cututtukan cututtuka ko a cikin tsari mai kumburi, yawan insulin yana ƙaruwa da kashi 10%.

Kwanan nan, mutane suna allura ta musamman tare da insulin roba, wanda yake gaba ɗaya yayi daidai da aikin ɗan adam. Yana da sauƙin rahusa, mafi aminci, baya haifar da sakamako masu illa. Halittun dabbobi da aka yi amfani da shi - da aka samo asali daga jinin saniya ko alade.

A cikin mutane, sau da yawa suna haifar da mummunan halayen halayen. An yi amfani da insulin na ɗan gajeren lokaci don hanzarta samar da insulin na ɗabi'a. A wannan yanayin, dole ne mutum ya ci isasshen abinci don kada ya tsokane raguwar yawan glucose a cikin jini.

Ba shi yiwuwa a faɗi ba cikin abin da insulin ɗan gajeren lokaci ya fi kyau. Likita daya ne kawai yakamata ka zabi wannan ko wannan maganin. Zai yi wannan ne bayan dogon bincike na gwaji. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne don la'akari da shekaru, jinsi, nauyi, tsananin cutar.

Amfanin insulin gajeran aiki shine cewa yana fara aiki a cikin mintina 15-20 bayan gudanarwa. Koyaya, yana aiki tsawon awanni. Shahararrun magungunan sune Novorapid, Apidra, Humalag.

Insulin-gajeran aiki yana aiki na awa 6 zuwa 8, duk ya dogara da masana'anta da kuma adadin sinadarin mai aiki. Matsakaicinsa a cikin jini yana faruwa awanni 2-3 bayan gudanarwa.

An bambanta rukunonin insulin na gajeran aiki:

• Inginin Injiniya - Rinsulin, Actrapid, Humulin,
• Semi-roba - Biogulin, Humodar,
• Monocomponent - Monosuinsulin, Actrapid.

Ba shi yiwuwa a faɗi ba cikin abin da insulin ɗan gajeren lokaci ya fi kyau. Ya kamata a ba da takamaiman magani a kowane yanayi ta hanyar kwararrun likitocin. Haka kuma, dukkansu suna da allurai daban-daban, tsawon lokacin aiki, sakamako masu illa da hana daukar ciki.

Idan kuna buƙatar haɓaka insulins na durations daban-daban na aikin, kuna buƙatar zaɓar kwayoyi daga masana'anta guda. Don haka za su fi tasiri idan aka yi amfani da su tare. Karku manta ku ci bayan gudanar da kwayoyi don hana ci gaban cutar siga.

Sashi da gudanarwa

Yawancin lokaci, ana yin insulin don gudanar da aiki a cikin cinya, cinya, hannu ko a cikin ciki. A cikin lokuta mafi ƙarancin yanayi, an nuna jijiyar ciki ko gudanar da jijiya. Mafi mashahuri sune katukan katako na musamman, wanda zai yuwu a shigar da wani kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi a ƙarƙashin.

Ya kamata a yi allurar subcutaneous rabin sa'a ko awa daya kafin cin abinci. Domin kada ya cutar da fata, shafin allurar yana canzawa koyaushe. Bayan ka yi allura, tausa fata ka don hanzarta aiwatar da aikin.

Yi ƙoƙarin yin komai a hankali don hana abubuwa masu aiki shiga hanyoyin jini. Wannan zai haifar da matsananciyar azanci. Idan ya cancanta, za a iya haɗuwa da insulin gajere tare da wannan holin na ɗaurin tsayi. A wannan halin, likita mai halartar likita ya kamata ya zaɓi ainihin sashi da abun da ya faru na injections.

Manya waɗanda ke fama da ciwon sukari suna ɗaukar raka'a 8 zuwa 24 na insulin kowace rana. A wannan yanayin, an ƙaddara adadin gwargwadon abinci. Mutanen da ke da tabin hankali ga kayan maye, ko yara zasu iya ɗaukar sama da raka'a 8 a kowace rana.

Idan jikinka bai fahimci wannan kwayoyin da kyau ba, to zaku iya daukar karin allurai na maganin. Ka tuna cewa taro yau da kullun kada ya wuce raka'a 40 a kowace rana. Mitar amfani a wannan yanayin sau 4-6 ne, amma idan aka narkar da shi da insulin aiki-na tsawon lokaci - kusan 3.

Idan mutum ya daɗe yana yin insulin gajeren lokaci, kuma yanzu akwai buƙatar canja shi zuwa jiyya tare da wannan kwayar halittar guda ɗaya na tsawaita aikin, ana tura shi zuwa asibiti. Dukkanin canje-canjen dole ne su kasance a ƙarƙashin kulawa na ma'aikatan lafiya.

Gaskiyar ita ce cewa irin waɗannan abubuwan zasu iya saurin haɓaka ci gaban acidosis ko cutar sukari. Irin waɗannan matakan suna da haɗari musamman ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar koda ko gazawar hanta.

Dokokin shan kwayoyi da yawan shan ruwa

Insulin-gajeran aiki a cikin kayan sunadarai kusan iri daya ne da na jikin mutum. Saboda wannan, irin waɗannan kwayoyi ba sa haifar da rashin lafiyan halayen. A cikin mafi yawan lokuta mafi wuya, mutane suna jin ƙaiƙayi da haushi a wurin allura na abu mai aiki.

Yawancin masana suna ba da shawarar allurar insulin cikin rami na ciki. Don haka sai ya fara aiki da sauri, kuma yiwuwar shiga jini ko jijiya yana da ƙanƙanta. Ka tuna fa cewa bayan mintina 20 bayan allura lallai ne ka ci wani abu mai daɗi.

Awa daya bayan allura ya zama cikakken abinci. In ba haka ba, da yiwuwar haɓaka ƙimar ƙwayar cuta cikin jini tayi yawa. Mutumin da aka ba shi insulin dole ne ya ci yadda yakamata. Abincinsa ya kamata ya dogara da abincin furotin da aka cinye tare da kayan lambu ko hatsi.

Idan ka shigar da kanka da insulin da yawa, to akwai kuma haɗarin haɓakar haɓakawar hypoglycemic syndrome dangane da tushen raguwa mai yawa cikin ƙwayar glucose jini.

Kuna iya gane ci gaban ta ta bayyanannun abubuwa masu zuwa:

• Wata matsananciyar yunwar
• Ciwon ciki da amai
• Dizzy
• Duhu a cikin idanu
• Rarrashi
• Karin gumi
• Son zuciya
• Jin damuwa da damuwa.

Idan ka lura cewa kana da alamomi akalla guda na yawan wuce haddi na insulin, to yakamata ka sha shayi mai yawa. Lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka ta ɗan raunana, cinye babban adadin sunadarai da carbohydrates. Lokacin da kuka sake murmurewa kaɗan babu shakka kuna son yin bacci.

Siffofin aikace-aikace

Ka tuna fa cewa yin amfani da insulin gajeriyar aiki na buƙatar yarda da wasu ka'idodi.

1. Kuna buƙatar adana kwayoyi a cikin firiji, amma ba a injin daskarewa ba,
2. Bude vials ba batun ajiya,
3. A cikin kwalaye na musamman ya halatta a ajiye insulin bude har tsawon kwanaki 30,
4. An haramta shi sosai don barin insulin a cikin rana,
5. Kada ku haɗa magungunan tare da wasu magunguna.

Kafin gudanar da maganin, bincika ko haɓaka ya bayyana, idan ruwan ya zama mai duhu. Hakanan koyaushe lura da yarda da yanayin ajiya, kazalika da ranar karewa. Wannan kawai zai taimaka wajen kiyaye rayuwa da lafiyar marasa lafiya, kuma ba zai ba da damar ci gaban kowane rikice-rikice ba.

Idan akwai wani mummunan sakamako daga amfani, yakamata a nemi likita nan da nan, tunda ƙin yin amfani da insulin na iya haifar da mummunar sakamako.

Sau da yawa, ana amfani da insulin gajere don yin ginin jiki. Yana kara yawan aiki da juriya na mutum, kuma ana amfani dashi yayin bushewa. Daga cikin tabbatattun fa'idodin irin waɗannan kwayoyi, ana iya lura da cewa ba gwajin doping ɗaya ne zai iya tantance wannan abu a cikin jini ba - nan da nan ya narke ya shiga cikin farji.

Lura cewa an haramta shi sosai don tsara waɗannan magunguna don kanka, wannan na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako, irin su lalacewar jin daɗi ko mutuwa. Mutanen da suke shan insulin dole ne su bada gudummawar jini akai-akai don su lura da yawan aikin glucose.

Matsayin insulin da dokoki na gaba ɗaya

Insulin - hormone don samar da abin da a cikin mutane masu lafiya ƙwaƙwalwar koda ke da alhakin. Rogaukakarsa shine ƙa'idar aiki na carbohydrate metabolism da matakan glucose jini.

1. Yawan insulin (gajere ko tsawaita aiki) ana gudanar dashi koyaushe minti 25-30 kafin cin abinci.

2. Da ake bukata ake bukata - tsabta hannaye (wanke da sabulu) da wurin allura (shafa tare da dattin, tsabta zane).

3. Yawan rarraba insulin a cikin jiki ya bambanta, gwargwadon wurin allurar da aka zaɓa. Insulin-saki insulin yana allura a cikin kwatangwalo da gindi. Yin gajeran aikin insulin a cikin ciki.

4. Don nisantar samuwar hatimi, ya zama dole canza maki allurabada kyallen takarda lokaci don murmurewa.

5. Tsawon insulin da aka dade yana aiki hade dashi, sabanin magunguna masu kara kuzari, wadanda basa bukatar hadawa kwata-kwata.

6. Ba za ku iya haɗar da abubuwan insulins na ayyuka daban-daban ba - akwai haɗarin babban kuskure game da sashi.

Dokoki don adana miyagun ƙwayoyi

Ana adana shirye-shiryen insulin a cikin firiji, amma kwalban da aka riga an fara kuma ana iya ajiye shi a zazzabi a ɗakin. Ganin cewa zazzabi na yanayi yana shafar adadin yawan kwarin insulin, yakamata a dauki magungunan da aka adana a cikin firiji daga nan gaba domin karatun zazzabi ya yi daidai da na ɗakin. Wani murfin murhu mai dumin zafi wanda aka shafa akan wurin allura yana hanzarta wannan aikin zuwa rabi, kuma yawan shan ruwan da yakeyi yana raguwa da kashi 50%.

Yaya ake lissafin kashi?

Kwanan nan an gano ciwon sukari - raka'a 0.5 a kowace kilogiram na nauyin jiki.

Ciwon sukari na digiri na I (tare da ramuwa daga shekara guda ko sama da haka) - 0.6 LATSA / kg.

Ciwon sukari na digiri na I (ramuwa mara izini) - 0.7 LATI / kg.

Decompensated ciwon sukari - 0.8 U / kg.

Ciwon sukari da rikitarwa ta hanyar ketoacidosis - 0.9 U / kg.

Cutar sankarau a cikin uku cikin uku na ciki - raka'a 1.0 / kg.

Matsakaicin girman adadin allura guda ɗaya shine raka'a 40, kashi ɗaya na yau shine raka'a 70-80.

Matsakaicin gwargwado na allurai dare da rana shine 2 zuwa 1.

Gudanar da insulin

Shirya allura

• Shirya maganin a gaba ta cire shi daga firiji.
• Wanke hannu.
• Saita allura da sigogin da ake buƙata a alƙalin syringe.
• Tabbatar cewa babu iska da ke shiga cikin sirinji, in ba haka ba akwai haɗarin gabatar da kashi mara ƙima.
• Shafa wurin allurar tare da tsaftataccen rigar. Idan ana amfani da giya don waɗannan dalilai, to lallai ne a jira isashshen ruwansa, tunda giya tana lalata insulin.

Jerin allurar insulin

Yaya ake sarrafa insulin? Yawancin lokaci subcutaneous (sai dai a lokuta na musamman lokacin da ake buƙatar intramuscularly ko cikin jijiyoyin ciki). Don yin wannan, an samar da jigon manuniya da yatsun hannun hagu. Kashi na shigo da allura, ban da rashin ci gaba na magani a cikin tsoka, - 45 digiri.

Sannu a hankali kwantar da kwandon kwantar da hankali daga ƙwayar cuta - wannan gwamnatin yana kwaikwayon ɗabi'ar da ake samu ta hanyar kwayoyin a cikin jini kuma yana magance mafi kyau. Yana da kyau a bi wani tsari na yau da kullun don gudanar da aikin insulin don yin hasashen ƙimar sha.

Bayan maɓallin trigger na alkairin silsila duk an matsa shi, zaku iya sakin fatar fatar kuma cire allurar rabin tsawonsa ku riƙe ta, ƙidaya zuwa goma. Bayan haka cire gaba daya. Kar a saki maɓallin farawa har sai an cire allura gaba daya. Zub da jini, wani lokacin da yake fitowa a wurin allurar, ya isa ya matse na ɗan lokaci kaɗan da yatsanka.

Kowane wurin allurar mai zuwa ya kamata a zaɓi aƙalla 2 cm daga ɗayan da ya gabata. Ba'a ba da shawarar yin allurar insulin a cikin ɗayan ɗakin da aka haifar ba - don haka magungunan sun sha fama sosai.