Ka'idojin tattarawa, hanyoyin aiwatarwa da kuma tantance bincike na fitsari don sukari

Cutar sankarau cuta ce mai warkewa wacce mutum yayi yaƙi da rayuwarsa.

Mabuɗin babban nasara ga wannan gwagwarmaya shine don kula da kyakkyawan salon rayuwa, shan magunguna, kamar yadda ake gudanar da gwaje-gwaje daban daban. Ofayan mafi mahimmanci daga cikinsu shine gwajin fitsari kullun.

Za mu gaya muku yadda ake wucewa daidai, da abin da za a yi idan sakamakon da aka samu bai dace da na yau da kullun ba.

Alamu don wucewa gwajin glucose fitsari

Gwajin fitsari na yau da kullun don sukari shine gwaji na wajibi ga duk masu haƙuri da ke fama da cutar sankara. Bugu da ƙari, an tsara irin wannan bincike idan likita yana zargin kasancewar cututtukan endocrine.

Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka na iya nuna kasancewar cututtukan endocrine:

• akai rauni
• ciwon kai, tsananin farin ciki,
• volumeara yawan fitsari kullum, ƙishirwa,
• nauyi gumi
• increasedarin ci, ko kuma, asararsa,
• bushe bakin
• rage aiki na rigakafi
• canji mai kauri a jiki,
• sauran abubuwa.

Kada a gano sukari a cikin fitsarin mutum mai lafiya. Idan akwai yawan glucose a cikin jini, jiki bashi da lokacin aiwatarwa, don haka wucewar ta shiga fitsari.

Wannan alama ce ta firgita, tana nuna cewa tsarin endocrine da na urinary basa aiki yadda yakamata, wanda hakan na iya haifar da rikicewar lafiyar.

Yaya ake ɗaukar gwajin fitsari kowace rana don sukari?

Abubuwan da aka bayyana a ƙasa dole ne a cika su gwargwadon iko - in ba haka ba za a iya tabbatar da amincin sakamakon binciken ba.

Shiri don karatun ya hada da matakai da yawa:

1. kusan kwana guda kafin tarin kayan tarihin, ya zama dole a bar yin amfani da kayayyakin da ke kunshe da kayan launi (beets, tumatir, citrus, da sauransu),
2. a kan Hauwayar Wajibi ne a taƙaice aiki na jiki. Yana da kyau a ɗauki matakan don kauce wa mummunan yanayin damuwa,
3. Da safe, a ranar bincike, zai fi kyau tsallake karin kumallo,
4. kai tsaye kafin tara fitsari, kana buƙatar ɗaukar wanka don kada kwayoyin cuta daga cikin jiki su shiga fitsari.

Don tattara kayan za ku buƙaci kwalba biyu. Smallarami (200 ml) ya fi kyau saya a cikin kantin magani. Akwatin dole ne ya zama bakararre.

Dukkanin diureis dinku na yau da kullun ya kamata ya dace da babba, don haka ya fi kyau ku ɗauki gilashin gilashi tare da ƙarar akalla 2 lita. Dole a wanke shi sosai kuma a haifeshi a kan turɓaya, sannan a bushe. Dole ne a yi daidai da murfin.

Fasaha don tattara fitsari kamar haka:

• tashi daga gado, wofin mafitsara, kuna buƙatar yin wannan a bayan gida, tunda ba'a aika farkon rabo don bincike ba,
• ana tara fitsari na gaba a cikin kwalba, haka kuma duk sakamakon urination mai zuwa a kowace rana,
• washegari, misalin awowi 24 bayan mai haƙuri ya tattara rabon farko, ana aika abin da aka yi wa kwalba, kuma komai ya gauraya,
• daga babban akwati, zuba 100-150 ml a cikin ƙaramin ganga kuma kai shi dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Abubuwan da ake buƙata don adana fitsari sune kamar haka: ya kamata a adana tulun tare da fitsari a cikin firiji a zazzabi na 2 zuwa 8. A cikin ɗaki mai ɗumi, da nazarin halittu zai fara canza kayansa, kuma amincin binciken zai kasance mai shakku sosai.

Tabbatar a rubuta bayanan masu zuwa: lokacin da aka tattara kashi na farko na fitsari, tsayinka da nauyi, jimlar fitsari da aka tara kowace rana.

Norms a cikin manya, yara da lokacin daukar ciki

Ka'ida ga manya masu lafiya shine darajar 0.06 - 0.083 mmol a kowace lita na kayan.

Wannan darajar tana da ƙima sosai cewa sakamakon binciken yawanci rubuta cewa sukari a cikin fitsari ba a gano shi.

Idan waɗannan ƙimar sun wuce, likita ya ba da shawarar farko da a sake duba binciken, tunda ba a cire kurakurai saboda dalilai daban-daban na waje. A lokacin daukar ciki, sakamakon na iya nuna kasancewar karancin glucose a cikin fitsari.

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, an san irin wannan yanayin a matsayin ilimin halittar jiki kuma baya buƙatar magani (mun ƙayyade cewa idan akwai babban karkacewa daga ƙa'idodin gaggawa cikin gaggawa tare da likita ya zama dole, tunda wannan yana haifar da haɗari ga rayuwar uwa da jariri).

Lokacin da aka yanke sakamakon, likitan ya jawo hankalin sauran mahimman bayanan alamomin da zasu iya fada idan mara lafiyar ba shi da ciwon sukari.

Kasancewar ciwon sukari ana nuna shi ta hanyar acetone, furotin, da kuma ketone jikin da aka samo a cikin biomaterial (kamar yadda yakamata su kasance).

Matsaloli da ka iya haifar da glucosuria

Ciwon sukari yana tsoron wannan maganin, kamar wuta!

Kawai kawai buƙatar nema ...

Glucosuria yanayi ne wanda ake gano sukari a cikin fitsari na mai haƙuri. Hakanan yana faruwa lokacin da adadin glucose a cikin jini ya wuce 8.88-9.99 mmol a kowace lita.

Wannan ƙimar ana kiranta bakin ƙirar. A cikin yara, ya ɗan fi girma kaɗan: 10.45-12.64 mmol kowace lita. A cikin tsofaffi, halayen sun kasance mafi girma: har zuwa 14 mmol kowace lita.

Mun lissafa manyan abubuwanda zasu iya ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban glucosuria:

1. ciwon sukari mellitus. Mafi sau da yawa, glucose a cikin fitsari yana bayyana a cikin waɗanda ke fama da wannan mummunar cuta na endocrine,
2. malfunctioning na thyroid gland shine yake,
3. magunguna waɗanda ke da tasirin sakamako waɗanda ke shafar kodan,
4. gabata tiyata, rauni, ƙona,
5. maye na jiki wanda ke haifar da amfani da barasa, kwayoyi ko wasu abubuwa masu guba,
6. na kullum na koda
7. mummunan damuwa wanda ya haifar da matsala a gabobin ciki,
8. sakamakon cutar sa barci,
9. ciki
10. jini guba
11. sauran abubuwa.

Glucosuria na iya zama na ɗan lokaci. Wannan yanayin yana faruwa ne ta hanyar yawan jigilar kayan jikin mutum.

Lokaci na dan lokaci glucosuria na iya faruwa idan:

• a kan Hauwayar gwajin, mai haƙuri ya cinye dumbin carbohydrates “mai sauri”,
• akwai batun psychogenic (mutumin ya sha wahala sosai a tunaninsa),
• An sami karuwar glycogen a jikin mutum.

Glucosuria a cikin lokuta mafi wuya kuma na iya bayyana akan bango na al'ada ko ma da rage matakan glucose na jini. Wannan yana faruwa, alal misali, tare da nephropathy.

Idan ba a magance cuta a kan lokaci ba, rikice-rikice masu zuwa na iya tasowa: buƙatar insulin daga waje, canje-canje a cikin zuciya, da coma.

A cikin mata masu juna biyu, glucosuria yana haifar da karuwa a cikin hadarin ashara, mutuwar tayi, da haihuwa. Yaran da ke da irin wannan cutar, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba su baya a fagen tunani da ta jiki.

Bidiyo masu alaƙa

Yaya ake tattara ƙididdigar fitsari yau da kullun? Me yake nunawa? Amsoshin a cikin bidiyon:

Idan kuna da aiki: don tara gwajin fitsari a kowace rana - ku tabbata kuna bi sosai da shawarwarin da aka bayar a labarinmu. Idan sakamakon "mummunan" ne, kada ku yi hanzarin tsoro - ba da gudummawar jini don ƙayyade matakin glucose, kuma kuna iya gano idan kuna da abubuwan da ake buƙata don haɓakar ciwon sukari ko a'a.

Me yasa suke wuce fitsari don sukari?

Glucose na iya kasancewa a cikin fitsarin mutum, amma a wani kaso mai zurfi. Za a yi la'akari da ƙaramin sukari al'ada. Tare da babban abun da ke cikin carbohydrate a cikin fitsari, zamu iya magana game da kasancewar glucosuria a cikin mutane.

Glucosuria yana faruwa ne saboda dalilai da yawa, babban cikinsu sune:

• rashin aiki na tsarin endocrine,
• akai danniya
• overwork
• maganin wuce gona da iri.

A matsayinka na mayar da martani ga jikin mutum, ana samun karin matakan glucose a cikin fitsari. Glucosuria ya bayyana a kan tushen ci gaban ciwon sukari mellitus kuma tare da ƙarancin sha na glucose ta hanta.

Shan samfurin fitsari don sukari ya zama dole tare da alamu masu zuwa:

• ciwon kai
• m ji da bushe bushe da ƙishirwa,
• yunwa kullum
• akai urination
• bayyanar matsalolin hangen nesa,
• kullun jin gajiya
• yawan bugun kafafu da hannaye.

Dalilin binciken gaggawa shine saurin asarar nauyi daga mutum. A cikin maza, an lura da matsalolin ikon, a cikin mata - take hakkin sake zagayowar haila.

Ka'idojin tattarawa

Tarin fitsari don gano sukari a ciki yana buƙatar shiri na farko. Idan ba tare da shi ba, likita ba zai iya samun ingantaccen ingantaccen bayanai akan abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da yawan glucose a cikin fitsari ba.

Yawancin ya dogara da nau'in bincike. Zazzage safe da zaɓin gwajin fitsari yau da kullun.

Accuratearin cikakken bayanai na samar da bincike na yau da kullun. Tare da taimakonsa, yana yiwuwa a tantance matakin bayyanawar glucosuria.

Shiri don isarwa

Tsarin shirye-shirye don wucewa duka nau'ikan bincike guda biyu a cikin haƙuri ba su da bambanci. An ba da shawarar dakatar da shan magunguna kwana ɗaya kafin a aiwatar. Kada ku ɗauki diuretics.

Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a kiyaye yanayi mai zuwa:

• kada ku cinye samfuran da zasu iya canza launin fitsari (buckwheat, tumatir, kofi, lemu, beets, shayi) kowace rana kuma a ranar bincike;
• pre-stock bakararre bushe kwantena kwantena (karami don safe bincike, 3-lita na yau da kullum),
• kada ku yi aiki da jiki da motsa jiki kafin ɗaukar gwaje-gwaje,
• karka wuce gona da iri
• A ranar bincike, gudanar da tsabtace farjin al'aura (wanke gabobin tare da sabulu sannan a goge da tawul takarda),
• a cikin bincike na safe, mara lafiya kada ya ci wani abinci da safe.

Yadda ake tattara bayanan yau da kullun?

Idan nazarin alfijir ya kasance daya ne, to yau da kullun ya shafi tattara fitsari duk rana. Don hanya, kuna buƙatar babban ƙarfin da zai iya ɗaukar litattafan fitsari sama da 3. A lokacin rana, mara lafiya yana cinye ruwa a daidai gwargwado, yana kiyaye al'ajin.

Lokacin ƙaddamar da bincike na yau da kullun, ana ba da algorithm na ayyuka na gaba:

• farkon safiya na safe zuwa bayan gida tare da kwashe ƙwanƙwasa ba tare da tattara fitsari ba,
• daga tafiya ta biyu, ana tattara fitsari a cikin babban akwati,
• tarin yana faruwa cikin awanni 24 (daga safiya zuwa safiya),
• kowane lokaci, ana sanya akwati tare da fitsarin da aka tara a cikin firiji, inda an ƙirƙiri mafi yawan zazzabi 4-7 0 C,
• washegari, mara lafiya yana rubuta adadin fitsari da aka kasafta masa a rana daya,
• banki ya rubuta nauyi, tsayin mutum,
• Bayan an gama binciken, abubuwan da ke cikin can na girgiza su,
• 200 ml ne kawai ake ɗauka daga ƙimar fitsari gaba ɗaya kuma an zuba su a cikin kwanon da aka shirya da bakararre da bushe,
• An canza wannan ƙarfin zuwa gwani.

Marasa lafiya suna buƙatar kulawa da kulawa sosai da wannan algorithm. Ya kamata a tattara fitsari a cikin kwantena guda. Bai kamata a ajiye shi a zazzabi a ɗakin ba. Bayanai masu dogaro sun nuna kayan da aka watsa a cikin sa'o'i 1.5 tun bayan ɓoye ƙarshen na mafitsara. Idan wannan lokacin ya wuce, binciken yana ba da bayanai marasa inganci saboda canji mai sauri a cikin sinadaran fitsari.

Sugar a cikin gwajin fitsari yayin daukar ciki

Yayin aiki na yau da kullun na macen mai juna biyu, wannan nau'in carbohydrate kada a lura dashi cikin fitsari.

Daga mako na 27 na ciki, mata galibi suna da alamomi a cikin yawan sukari fitsari. Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda buƙatar tayin na glucose. A saboda wannan dalili, jikin mahaifiyar yana fara fitar da sukari mai yawa, yana rage jinkirin samar da insulin na dan wani lokaci.

Kasancewar glucose a cikin fitsari na mata masu juna biyu yana da alaƙa da babban nauyi a kan kodan. Ba koyaushe suna iya iya wuce haddi fiye da kima ba, wuce wani sashi cikin fitsari. Lokaci-ɗan lokaci da lura guda na yawan urinary sukari a cikin mata masu juna biyu ana ɗaukar shi al'ada ce ta jiki.

Tare da tsarin tabbatar da wannan abin al'ajabi, mace mai juna biyu zata fi kamuwa da ciwon suga.

An bayyana wannan ta alamu:

• karfi da ci
• m ƙishi, bushe bakin,
• urination akai-akai
• hawan jini
• bayyanar cututtuka a cikin farji.

Rukunin hadarin sune mata:

• yi ciki bayan shekara 30,
• wanda ya kamu da cutar hawan jini da fitsari a gabanin haihuwa,
• kiba
• bayan haihuwar ta ta farko tana da nauyin kilogram 4.5.

Shawarwarin da ke gaba zasu taimaka wajen kawar da bayyanar glucose a cikin fitsari a cikin mata masu juna biyu:

• hutawa
• lura da kuzarin nauyi,
• kasancewa karkashin kulawar likitan mata,
• daina shan sigari da barasa yayin daukar ciki,
• akai gwaji
• abincin abinci.

Hanyoyi don ƙaddarar glucose a cikin fitsari

Tabbatattun gwaje-gwaje sun kasa gano kasancewar ko rashin sukari a cikin fitsari.

Don wannan, ana amfani da hanyoyi na musamman:

• Gwajin Nilander
• gwajin glucose oxidase
• Samin gwaji
• Hanyar launi
• hanyar polarimetric.

Tebur bayanin yadda hanyoyin tabbatar da glucose:

Hanyar gano glucose

Bayanin Hanyar

Gwajin NilanderToarin ƙari ga fitsari na reagent dangane da sinadarin bismuth da gishiri na Rochelle, narkar da shi a cikin maganin soda na caustic. Samun ruwan sha da ruwan kwalliya yana nuna kasancewar sukari a ciki. Gwajin yana bayar da sakamako na gaskiya. Glucose oxidase gwajinGlukotest alamar takarda takarda yana nitsar da fitsari a cikin 'yan dakiku kaɗan. Tsiri yana canza launi lokacin da akwai babban glucose. Samfuran GuinnessHanyar hanyar ta samo asali ne daga ƙara 20 saukad da reagent zuwa fitsari bisa gauraya kai tsaye ga juna a cikin jikunan daban-daban na sulfate jan karfe da ruwa mai narkewa, soda da ruwa, glycerin da ruwa. Jirgin farko da na biyu suna gauraye kuma an zuba su a na uku. Idan aka sake juyewa a cikin fitsari, yakan samu launin shuɗi, bayan haka bututu ya ɗora a saman ɓangaren har sai ya tafasa. Maganin a gaban glucose a cikin fitsari ya zama launin rawaya. Hanyar launiLaunin fitsari da aka haɗe da alkali yana ƙayyade matakin glucose a ciki. Ana amfani da ma'aunin launi Althausen na musamman. Hanyar polarimetricAmfani da polarimita, ƙarfin zirin carbohydrate don ƙyalle katako na hasken wutar lantarki ta wani liti ɗaya takaddara. Amfani da wuya.

Norms da fassarar bincike

Farashin fitsari yana da alamomi:

• Yawan fitsari na yau da kullun - daga 1200 zuwa 1500 ml,
• launi ne kodadde rawaya
• Tsarin fitsari a bayyane yake,
• matakin sukari - ba ya wuce 0.02%,
• matakin pH - ba kasa da 5, ba fiye da 7,
• rashin kamshi mai ɗaci,
• adadin furotin ya kai 0.002 g / l.

Abubuwan bidiyo daga Dr. Malysheva game da ka'idoji da dalilai na canje-canje a cikin nazarin fitsari:

Idan aka ƙimar dabi'un al'ada, ƙwararren ya kula da tattara cikakkiyar hoto tare da tantance bayanan bincike kamar haka:

• yawan fitar fitsari a kowace rana - ci gaban polyuria a kan asalin babban ruwa ruwa a jiki a matsayin bayyananne alama ciwon sukari ko ciwon sukari insipidus,
• launin duhu - rashin ruwa a jiki ko riƙe shi cikin kyallen takarda,
• turbid fitsari - ci gaban urolithiasis ko cututtuka na kumburi da kodan, mafitsara saboda kasancewar far,
• babban sukari taro - ciwon sukari mellitus, na koda glucosuria,
• babban PH - malfunction na kodan,
• kamshi mai daɗi - ciwon sukari, yawancin jikin ketone,
• wuce haddi gina jiki - pyelonephritis, cystitis, hauhawar jini, urethritis, koda tarin fuka, prostatitis (a cikin maza).