Saxagliptin ga masu ciwon sukari - shawarwari don amfani

Ana amfani da magunguna tare da sashi mai aiki - saxagliptin yayin magani na type 2 diabetes mellitus. Hakanan za'a iya haɗasu tare da wasu magunguna masu rage sukari don inganta tasirin warkewa. Wannan labarin zai taimaka maka koya game da manyan kaddarorin kayan, alamu, contraindications, halayen m, magani da ke kunshe da saxagliptin, sake dubawa game da masu ciwon sukari da kuma irin magunguna.

A yau, ciwon sukari na mellitus na nau'in na biyu ana kula dashi saboda abubuwa da yawa: abinci mai dacewa, motsa jiki, kulawa akai-akai na sukari na jini. Matsayi na tsakiya a cikin maganin cutar shine magani.

Yin amfani da Onglisa ko Saxagliptin, Metformin tare yana da tasirin gaske akan matakin glucose a cikin haƙuri. Nazarin game da waɗannan kwayoyi galibi tabbatacce ne.

Iyakar abin da ta jawo shine babban farashin maganin Ongliza da analogues. Don tabbatar da sakamako mafi kyau na warkewa da kuma guje wa rikice-rikice iri iri, dole ne a dauki magunguna a ƙarƙashin kulawa na likita.

Kayan aiki mai aiki

Saxagliptin wani zaɓi ne mai juyawa na dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) mai zaɓi. Yayin amfani da abu a cikin marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na sukari, ayyukan enzyme na DPP-4 yana raguwa yayin rana.

Bayan mai haƙuri ya ɗauki glucose, yawan glucagon yana raguwa sosai. A lokaci guda, akwai sakin hormone - insulin ta hanjin ƙwayar hanji, ko kuma daidai - sel sel. Wannan tsari yana taimaka wajan rage glucose jini a cikin komai a cikin mutum.

Wannan abu yana ma'amala da abubuwa da yawa na hypoglycemic - metformin, glibenclamide, pioglitazone, ketoconazole, simvastatin ko dithiazem. Amma amfani tare da wasu inducers na CYP3A4 / 5 isoenzymes, alal misali, ketoconazole, itraconazole, indinavir da sauransu, na iya rage tasiri tasirin warkewar cutar.

A cikin binciken da yawa, masana kimiyya ba su iya gano tasirin musamman na saxagliptin ba a bayanan furotin. Lokacin amfani da wannan abu, ba'a gano ƙima mai nauyi ba a cikin kowane marasa lafiya da aka bincika tare da nau'in mellitus na sukari na 2.

Ya kamata a lura cewa masana kimiyya ba su gudanar da nazarin da suka danganci tasirin abubuwan hypoglycemic na abubuwan da ke faruwa kamar shan sigari, barasa, abinci, da kuma amfani da magungunan ganye.

Sabili da haka, mutanen da ke da halaye marasa kyau da shan kwayoyi na halitta ya kamata su ɗauki kayan tare da tsananin taka tsantsan.

Umarnin don amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi

Shahararren magani wanda ya ƙunshi abu mai aiki - saxagliptin shine Onglisa.

Akwai shi a cikin nau'ikan Allunan 5 MG. Packageaya daga cikin kunshin ya ƙunshi guda 30.

Ana ɗaukar su ba tare da cin abinci ba, ana wanka da su da ruwa kaɗan.

Babban alamomi game da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi Onglisa, wanda saxagliptin shine babban abu na hypoglycemic, ana la'akari da:

1. Type 2 ciwon sukari mellitus, idan abinci da motsa jiki ba za su iya shafar raguwar glucose na jini ba, azaman monotherapy.
2. A matsayin ƙarin kayan aiki don metformin a farkon matakin jiyya don inganta tsarin hypoglycemic.
3. Sakamakon ƙari ga monotherapy tare da metformin, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, idan ba zai yiwu a sarrafa gwargwadon iko sosai ba.

Kafin fara magani, umarnin don amfani da maganin Ongliz ya kamata a yi nazari a hankali. Likitocin da ke halartar za su iya ba da magani tare da wannan magani, ba za ku iya saya ba tare da takardar sayan magani. Tare da monotherapy ko haɗuwa tare da wasu hanyoyi, mai haƙuri ba ya ƙimar fiye da 5 MG na miyagun ƙwayoyi Onglisa kowace rana. A matakin farko na jiyya tare da saxagliptin, ana ɗaukar Metformin kowace rana a 500 MG. A cikin abin da mai haƙuri ya manta cewa wajibi ne a sha kwamfutar hannu na Onglisa, wannan dole ne a yi shi nan da nan. Ga wasu rukunin marasa lafiya, ana iya rage sashi na yau da kullun zuwa 2.5 MG. Waɗannan su ne, da farko, mutane akan hemodialysis kuma tare da gazawar renal. A lokaci guda, ya kamata a dauki Ongliz kawai bayan wucewa ta hanyar maganin hemodialysis.

Allunan an ajiye allunan daga isar yara a yawan zafin jiki ba fiye da 30C. Rayuwar shiryayye na miyagun ƙwayoyi shine shekaru 3.

Contraindications da sakamako masu illa

Kamar sauran magunguna da yawa, ana iya haramta maganin Ongliz.

A lokaci guda, Onglisa yana wajabta ta likita tare da kulawa ta musamman ga marasa lafiya tare da gazawar koda, tsofaffi da marasa lafiya suna shan magunguna na sulfonylurea.

Idan mai haƙuri ya haɗu da magunguna guda biyu - Onglizu da Metformin, nasopharyngitis, kumburi na nasopharynx wanda yanayin rashin lafiyar-ke haifar, na iya faruwa. Tabbatar tambayar likitanka yadda zaka yi amfani da Metformin tare da wasu magunguna.

Ba za ku iya amfani da wannan magani ga mutane ba:

• a karkashin shekara 18,
• nau'in ciwon sukari guda 1
• ana cikin kula da insulin da magani,
• tare da rashin kyawun galactose, rashi lactase, yawan haifuwar glucose-galactose malabsorption,
• tare da ciwon sukari ketoacidosis,
• yayin daukar ciki da lactation,
• tare da rashin haƙuri akan abubuwan maganin.

A lokacin monotherapy, miyagun ƙwayoyi na iya haifar da wasu halayen masu illa a cikin mutane, kamar:

• Cutar huhu ta sama
• kumburi daga urinary fili
• tashin zuciya da amai
• ciwon kai
• sinusitis (rikitarwa na m rhinitis),
• gastroenteritis (kumburin ciki da ƙananan hanji).

Umarnin don amfani ba su nuna alamun bayyanar cututtuka da ke haɗuwa da yawan ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Amma idan abin ya faru, ana bada shawara ga maganin kwantar da hankali.

Bugu da kari, za'a iya cire kwafin saxagliptin ta amfani da hanyar maganin hemodialysis.

Farashi da magunguna

Ana iya siyan Onglisa na miyagun ƙwayoyi a kowane kantin magani tare da takardar sayan magani ko ba da umarnin a Intanet. Don yin wannan, je zuwa gidan yanar gizon kantin magani na kan layi kuma bi umarnin sanya oda. Tunda aka samar da maganin a Amurka, farashinsa ya yi yawa. Farashin mai rage farashin magani daga 1890 zuwa 2045 rubles.

Nazarin yawancin masu ciwon sukari masu gamsarwa ne. Yawancin marasa lafiya da ke shan magani suna lura da fa'idar tasirin hypoglycemic ɗin nata. Bayan hanyar shan kwayoyin, bin abinci da kuma motsa jiki, ana ganin tsawan matakan jinin suga. Marasa lafiya waɗanda ke amfani da Ongliza sun gamsu da sauƙin amfani da magani. An lura da mummunan halayen a cikin lokuta masu wuya. Rashin kyawun maganin shine babban farashinsa, saboda gaskiyar cewa magani ne da aka shigo dashi.

A lokaci guda, akwai sake dubawa game da direbobin da ke tuƙa motocin da miyagun ƙwayoyi suka haifar da jin daɗi.

Don haka, mutanen da ke da alaƙa da gudanarwar sufuri, yana da kyau a dakatar da ayyukansu yayin jiyya don guje wa mummunan sakamako.

Jerin kwayoyi iri daya

Idan an hana mara lafiyar yin amfani da Ongliza ko kuma yana da wasu cutarwa, likitan da ke halartar na iya gyara hanyar tiyata ta hanyar rubuta wani magani makamancin wannan.

Abubuwan da ke aiki na Ongliz basu da analogues, amma bisa ga tasirin jikin mutum, akwai irin waɗannan kwayoyi:

1. Januvia magani ne na kwamfutar hannu wanda ke rage yawan glucose a cikin jini. Kasar da ke samar da ita ita ce Netherlands. Za'a iya amfani da wannan magani tare da monotherapy, tare da haɗuwa tare da sauran wakilai na hypoglycemic kamar Metformin tare da rage cin abinci mara kyau da aiki na jiki. Ba kamar Onglisa ba, Januvia yana da ƙananan contraindications. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 1670 rubles.
2. Trazenta ya ƙunshi abu mai aiki linagliptin, wanda ke daidaita matakan sukari na jini. An samar da wannan magani a Amurka. Monotherapy a wannan yanayin ba shi da tasiri, ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da sauran magunguna masu rage sukari (Metformin, insulin, sulfonylureas, Pioglitazone, da sauransu). Ko ta yaya, wannan magani ana ɗaukar mafi aminci, tunda kusan ba ya haifar da mummunan sakamako. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 1790 rubles.
3. Nesina magani ne don sarrafa kwayan cuta a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Wanda ya kirkirar wannan magani shine kamfanin Amurka na Takeda Pharmaceuticals na Amurka. Hakanan ana amfani da wakili na hypoglycemic tare da monotherapy kuma tare da ƙarin magani tare da wasu kwayoyi. Mafi yawan lokuta, mummunan halayen da ke tattare da raunin narkewa yana faruwa. Matsakaicin matsakaici a cikin kantin magani shine 965 rubles.
4. Galvus wani magani ne na maganin cutar kansa. Kamfanin kamfanin magunguna na Switzerland ne ya samar da shi. Za'a iya amfani da maganin ta hanyar maganin insulin da sauran magunguna masu rage yawan sukari. Yana da yawan gaske na contraindications, amma lokuta na bayyanar da halayen halayen marasa kyau ana rage su zuwa sifili. Matsakaicin matsakaici shine 800 rubles.

Hakanan, marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari sukan ba da umarnin Metformin 850 ko tare da sashi na 1000 MG.

Ya kamata a lura cewa babu ɗayan magungunan da ke sama da za a iya amfani da su a cikin ƙuruciya (har zuwa shekaru 18), tunda tasirin warkewarsu a cikin waɗannan shekarun matasa ba a yi nazarin ba. Duk magunguna suna da tsada kuma ba kowane mai haƙuri zai iya ba.

Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin yayi magana akan magungunan rage sukari.

Hanyoyin aiwatar da ayyukan incretins

Wadanda suke ciki sune kwayoyin halittar mutum. Abun ciki yana samar da abinci bayan shan abinci, insulin insulin a wannan lokacin ya karu da kashi 80%. An gano nau'ikan guda biyu daga cikin su - GLP-1 (glucone-like peptide-1) da HIP (polypeptide insulinotropic). Masu karɓa na ƙarshen suna a kan ƙwayoyin sel-b, kuma a cikin GLP-1 ana iya samun su a cikin gabobin daban-daban, don haka sakamakon ayyukansa yana daɗaɗawa.

1. GLP-1 yana haɓaka aikin samar da insulin ƙwayoyin jini daga ƙwayoyin sel-,
2. Kwayar halittar hormone tana hana ruɗar glucagon ta sashin sel,
3. Incretin yana rage jinkirin narkewar ciki,
4. Yana rage ci da kuma haifar da gamsuwa,
5. Kyakkyawan sakamako akan tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, zuciya, jijiyoyin jini.

Gurasar insulin dake cikin glucose, idan sukari ya zama al'ada, ci gaba da samar da kwayoyin halittar ya daina aiki, don haka cutarwar jiki ba ya barazanar jiki.

Glucagon, wanda aka samar a cikin hanta na sel-sel shine ainihin akasin insulin. Yana kara maida hankali a jiki a cikin magudanar jini ta hanyar kwato shi daga hanta.

Muscle yana buƙatar glucose don sake juyar da ajiyar makamashi, inda yake a cikin nau'i na glycogen. Ta hanawar kwayar glucagon, kwayoyin halittun da ke hana haihuwar sunadaran glucose daga hanta, suna kara sakin insulin kai tsaye.

Menene amfanin jinkirta lokacin ɓacewa ga mai ciwon suga? Jiki yana ɗaukar yawancin glucose a cikin hanjin. Idan za a ba da shi a can cikin ƙananan allurai, babu manyan saukad da sukari na jini. Wannan yana taimakawa magance matsalar postprandial (yamma) glycemia. Ba shi yiwuwa a wuce gona da iri a cikin nau'in ciwon suga guda 2: GLP-1 kai tsaye yana shafar tsakiyar yunwar a cikin hypothalamus.

Amfanin incretins ga zuciya da jijiyoyin jini yanzu ana nazari sosai. A cikin zauren bincike, an gano cewa GLP-1 yana haɓaka sabuntar ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, kuma yana kare ƙwayoyin b daga lalata.Menene ke hana yin amfani da kwayoyin halitta a maimakon magunguna? GLP-1 ya lalata ta hanyar DPP-4 (nau'in 4 dipeptidyl peptidase) a cikin mintuna 2, da HIP - a cikin minti 6.

Masana kimiyya sun haɗu da rukuni na 2 na magunguna masu kama da incretins:

• Mimicing hanyar aiwatar da GLP-1,
• Tarewa ayyukan enzyme DPP-4 da tsawanta rayuwar hormones.

An gabatar da nau'in farko akan kasuwar gida ta hannun Bayeta (wanda ya danganta da exenatide) da Viktoza (dangane da liraglutide) - analogues na GLP-1, wanda ke da cikakken ikon sa, amma tare da tsawan sakamako. Za a iya ƙara fa'idodin da asarar nauyi na 4 kilogiram na tsawon watanni shida da raguwa cikin haemoglobin glycated da 1.8%.

Nau'in na biyu ana wakilta anan ne ta magunguna guda uku - Galvus (dangane da vildagliptin), Yanuviya (wanda ya danganta da sitagliptin), Onglisa (a cikin tsarin sa - saxagliptin). Babban aikinsu shine toshe enzyme DPP-4, wanda ke lalata abubuwanda basa aiki. Ayyukan hormones yana ƙaruwa da aƙalla sau 2, don haka glycemia baya barazanar mutum. Inhibitors yana da consequencesan sakamakon da ba a so, tun lokacin da kwayoyin homoniya ke haɓaka a cikin ilimin halittu.

Sakamakon nauyin su shine tsaka tsaki, glycated haemoglobin yana raguwa daidai kamar yadda rukunin farko.

Form sakin kaya

Saxagliptin shine sabon magani na aji na Dhib-4 inhibitors. Sunan kasuwanci shi ne Onglisa. Suna sakin maganin a allurai na 2.5 da 5 MG, suna sayar da allunan kwayar magani. Rayuwar shiryayye na ƙwayoyi shine shekaru 3, yanayin ajiya shine daidaitaccen.

Ba a cikin Saxagliptin a cikin jerin magunguna na tarayya, kodayake a cikin wasu yankuna an tsara shi bisa tushen rajista na yanki daga kasafin kuɗi na gida. Don lura da Onglisa a farashin magunguna na kan layi, kuna buƙatar kashe 1700 rubles. a kowane wata (Allunan 5 MG). Don kwatantawa - hanya na wata-wata na Janavia (kashi na 100 MG) zai biya 2,400 rubles., Galvus - 900 rubles.

Shawarwarin don amfani

Umarnin Saksagliptin don amfani yana bayar da shawarar ɗaukar 1 / Rana., Jadawalin ba a ɗaukar shi ba ga ɗaukar abinci. Kuna iya amfani da kayan aiki don monotherapy ko a cikin sifa mai wahala.

Magungunan da suka haɗu da saxagliptin da metformin ba su inganta ba, kamar misalinsa YanuMet da GalvusMeta.
Don ƙananan matsalolin koda, baka buƙatar daidaita sashi; a mafi yawan lokuta mafi ƙima, an rage ragin sau 2.

Wanene aka wajabta Saxagliptin

Magunguna na tushen Saxagliptin (suna da alaƙa - Onglisa) ana iya tsara su har ma a mataki na prediabetes na nau'in na 2, lokacin da aka gyara salon rayuwa (abinci mai ƙoshin abinci, isasshen motsa jiki, sarrafa yanayin motsin rai) baya samar da daidaiton glucose a cikin jini.

A wannan lokacin, yana da mahimmanci don adanawa da haɓaka yawan adadin ƙwayoyin-b, to za a iya biyan glycemia na dogon lokaci ba tare da allurar ba.

Hakanan Saxagliptin ya dace da magani mai rikitarwa, daidai yawan magunguna da za'a rubuta a lokaci guda bayan bayyanar cututtuka zasu dogara da gemoclobin glycated. A cikin layi daya tare da Ongliza, an wajabta metformin, kuma in babu isasshen ikon sarrafa glycemic, ana tsara shirye-shiryen sulfonylurea da thiazolidinediones.

Side effects da yawan abin sama da ya kamata

Saxagliptin shine mafi amintaccen wakili na hypoglycemic, tunda ba ya tsokani hypoglycemia, amma, kamar kowane magani na roba, yana iya samun sakamako mara amfani. Idan waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka ko wani rashin jin daɗi sun bayyana, ya kamata ka nemi likita: zai daidaita sashi ko zaɓi wanda zai musanya.

Daga cikin illolin da ba a zata ba:

• Cutar huhu
• Tsarin kumburi na tsarin sauro,
• Rashin lafiyar mazaunin ciki
• Ciwon kai
• Sinusitis
• Ciwon ciki

Koyarwar ba ta ambaci alamun yawan shan ruwa fiye da kima ba, tun da karatun asibiti wanda aka ba wa masu aikin sa kai na lafiya magani a allurai da suka wuce matsayin ta sau 80 bai nuna alamun maye ba.

Matsayi na yau da kullun alamu ne na alamomi da taimako na warkewa. Kuna iya nuna incretinomimetics da hemodialysis.

Me zai iya maye gurbin saxagliptin

Tare da ƙarancin haƙuri ko contraindications, likita zai zaɓi analogues don saxagliptin. Babu wani zaɓi don Onglise tare da sashin aiki mai aiki guda ɗaya, amma bisa ga tsarin aikin, za a toshe tsofin enzyme na DPP-4:

1. Januvia shine magani na farko na wannan aji, wanda aka fara amfani dashi kawai a Amurka, sannan a Turai. Rabin sa'a bayan cin abinci, maganin zai toshe enzyme na kwana ɗaya. Kuna iya siyan allunan a 25.50 da 100 MG. Matsakaicin kashi shine 100 MG / rana. An bayyana sakamakon a cikin wata daya. Don dacewa da hadaddun magani, ana samar da magunguna a hade tare da metformin - YanuMet.
2. Galvus magani ne na Switzerland mai inganci, wanda ya dace da jiyya mai wahala, gami da insulin. An kuma saki GalvusMet na magani wanda aka hada, kayan aikinsa an inganta shi da metformin. Da farko, ana ɗaukar allunan a 50 MG / rana.Idan ya cancanta, an ninka adadin, yana rarraba shi a allurai 2.

Inganci da amincin duk magunguna a cikin wannan rukunin iri ɗaya ne, zaɓin wani magani zai dogara ne da kuɗin mai haƙuri da ƙwarewar endocrinologist tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi. Don saxagliptin, farashin yana da kyau idan aka kwatanta shi da analogues.

Saxagliptin dangane da onlagis, sabon ci gaba na likitocin Turai a fannin diabetology, ba wai kawai hypoglycemic ba ne, har ma yana da ƙarin sakamako mai daɗi: yana rage ci da nauyi, yana kare ƙwayar cuta, yana taimakawa wajen sarrafa hawan jini, kuma yana da iyawar zuciya.

Kuna iya ƙarin koyo game da incretins da kuma yiwuwar magungunan antidiabetic dangane da su daga cikin webinar na webinar Dilyara Lebedeva a cikin wannan bidiyon.

Saxagliptin ga masu ciwon sukari - shawarwari don amfani

Don lura da gidajen abinci, masu karatunmu sunyi nasarar amfani da DiabeNot. Ganin shahararrun kayan wannan samfurin, mun yanke shawarar ba da shi ga hankalin ku.

Zai yi wuya mu iya tunanin cewa kimanin shekaru 100 da suka gabata babu insulin, kuma an tabbatar da masu ciwon sukari sun mutu da sauri. Magunguna masu rage sukari don nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 sun bayyana ne kawai a tsakiyar ƙarni na karshe, kuma kafin hakan, waɗannan marasa lafiyar ma sun mutu, kodayake ba haka ba da sauri.

A yau akan Intanet akwai bayanai masu yawa game da sababbin magunguna, hanyoyin magani, na'urori don gudanarwarsu da kuma kame kansa na glycemia wanda zai iya isa ga kowane mai ciwon sukari, wanda kawai mai laushi ne da rashin kulawa zai bashi damar yin watsi da komai, yana jiran matsaloli masu haɗari.

Ofaya daga cikin sababbin azuzuwan magungunan antidiabetic shine incretinomimetics (exenatide, liraglutide, sitagliptin, vildagliptin, saxagliptin). Menene amfanin ciwon sukari?

Sabbin magunguna don maganin cututtukan type 2

Nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 (T2DM) cuta ce wacce ake samun raguwar hankalin jijiyoyin mutane zuwa insulin, a sakamakon hakan shine glucose ya daina shiga cikinsu ya zauna cikin jini. Idan ba'a dauki matakan ba, to nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 ya fara, wanda ke nuna halakar lalata ƙwayoyin beta na pancreatic waɗanda ke haifar da insulin. Kuma bayan haka dole ne ku dauki shirye-shiryen insulin don rayuwa, wanda zai tallafawa jiki a cikin yanayin al'ada.

A saboda wannan dalili, ana bada shawarar yin magani don farawa daga ranar farko ta haɓakar T2DM. Don yin wannan, ɗauki magunguna na musamman waɗanda ke ƙara ƙwayar ƙwayar sel zuwa insulin. Yanzu zamuyi la'akari da jerin allunan sabon ƙarni na mellitus na sukari na 2, wanda galibi ana amfani dashi azaman magani na wannan cuta. Amma! An bayar dashi don dalilai na bayanai kawai. Ba za ku iya shan kwayoyi ba tare da alƙawarin likita!

Tsarin magunguna

Tare da haɓaka nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, marasa lafiya ba a ba su umarnin magani kai tsaye. Don masu farawa, ingantaccen abinci da matsakaici na jiki sun isa don samar da iko akan sukari na jini. Koyaya, irin waɗannan abubuwan ba koyaushe suna ba da sakamako mai kyau ba. Kuma idan ba a lura dasu tsakanin watanni 2-3 ba, nemi taimakon magunguna.

Duk magunguna don maganin ciwon sukari sun kasu zuwa kungiyoyi da yawa:

• sakwannin sirri, haɓaka aikin insulin ta hanyar ƙwayoyin beta na pancreas, sun kasu kashi biyu na sulfonylureas da megoitinides,
• abubuwan ban sha'awa, wadanda ke ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin jikin mutum zuwa insulin, suna da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi biyu - biguanides da thiazolidinediones,
• alpha-glucosidase inhibitors wanda ke haɓaka tsarin rushewa, ɗaukar ciki da fitowar carbohydrates daga jiki,
• incretins, waxanda suke da sababbin magunguna waɗanda ke da tasirin gaske a jiki.

Sulfonylureas

An yi amfani da magunguna na wannan rukunin magungunan a matsayin maganin warkewa don kamuwa da cutar sankara fiye da shekaru 50. A cikin abubuwan haɗin su sun ƙunshi abubuwa waɗanda ke tabbatar da daidaituwa na sukari na jini sakamakon kunna ƙwayoyin beta waɗanda ke da hannu a cikin samar da insulin. A sakamakon wannan, maida hankali ne cikin jini yana ƙaruwa kuma ƙwaƙwalwar sel kai tsaye zuwa glucose yana ƙaruwa.

Bugu da kari, abubuwanda ke haifar da sinadarin na sulfonylurea suna samar da sabuntawar kwayayen koda kuma suna kara sautin ganuwar jijiyoyin jiki, don haka rage hadarin da ke tattare da yanayin cutar T2DM

Koyaya, waɗannan magungunan suna da ɗan gajeren sakamako na warkarwa. Amfani da na dogon lokaci a cikin nau'in 2 na ciwon sukari a hankali yana yanke ƙwayoyin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan hanji, ta hakan ne yake haifar da ci gaban ciwon sukari na 1. Bugu da kari, yawanci suna haifar da rashin lafiyan jijiyoyin jiki, rikicewar ƙwayar jijiyoyin ciki da cutar mahaifa.

Babban contraindications ga shan kwayoyi na rukunin abubuwan samo asali na sulfonylurea sune halaye da cututtuka masu zuwa:

• ciki
• lactation
• yara 'yan kasa da shekara 12,
• cututtukan fitsari.

Daga cikin abubuwan da suka samo asali na sulfonylurea, wadanda suka shahara sune:

• Glycidone. Ana amfani dashi galibi don magance cututtukan type 2 na tsofaffi. Yana da ƙananan adadin contraindications kuma da wuya tsokani bayyanar sakamako masu illa. Wani mahimmin fasalin wannan magani shine cewa ana iya ɗauka har a gaban cuta irin su rashin aikin koda.
• Maninil. Wannan magani shine ɗayan mafi kyau, saboda yana da ikon kiyaye sukari na jini a cikin iyakoki na yau da kullun na kusan kwana ɗaya. Akwai shi a cikin magunguna dabam dabam kuma ana iya amfani dashi duka don maganin T1DM da T2DM.
• Mai ciwon sukari. Yana haɓaka ƙwayar insulin kuma yana ƙarfafa tsarin jijiyoyin jini. Ana amfani dashi a cikin ciwon sukari azaman maganin alaƙa.
• Amaril. Magungunan sau da yawa ana umurce su da ciwon sukari na nau'in farko da na biyu, musamman ga tsofaffi. Abincinta shine cewa ba shi da wata illa da illarta, kuma yana hana farawar haila saboda jinkirin sakin insulin cikin jini.

Wadannan magungunan don ciwon sukari na 2 sune suka fi yawa a cikin aikin likita, saboda da wuya suna tsokanar da karuwar jiki da kuma kiba, wanda hakan ke kara tsananta cutar.

Meglitinides

Magunguna daga wannan rukunin magunguna suna ba da haɓakar haɓakar insulin. Komawa ga sabon ƙarni na magungunan ciwon sukari, tasirin sa wanda ya dogara da narkar da glucose a cikin jini. Duk yadda yake, mafi yawan aiki zai zama kwayar insulin.

Wannan rukunin magungunan sun hada da Novonorm da Starlix. Halinsu shine cewa suna aiki da sauri kuma suna hana faruwar rikicin haɓaka tare da haɓaka sukari na jini. Koyaya, tasirin su ya ci gaba na ɗan gajeren lokaci.

Wadannan sababbin magunguna na nau'ikan 2 na maganin cututtukan sukari suna da sakamako masu yawa. Mafi sau da yawa, suna tsokani bayyanar:

• halayen rashin lafiyan kamar su cututtukan ciki,
• ciwon ciki
• zawo
• bloating
• tashin zuciya

An zabi sashi na Novonorm da Starlix daban daban. Ana ɗaukar magani na farko sau 3-4 a rana, kai tsaye kafin cin abinci, na biyu - rabin sa'a kafin abinci.

Hakanan ana ba su magunguna daga wannan rukuni ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 2. A cikin abubuwan haɗin su sun ƙunshi abubuwa waɗanda ke inganta ƙaddamar da glucose daga hanta, haɓaka sha da shiga cikin sel jikin. Koyaya, suna da babban rashi ɗaya - ba za'a iya ɗaukarsu tare da cututtukan da ƙodan da zuciya ba. Amma daidai suke su waɗanda galibi ana gano su a cikin masu ciwon sukari.

Biguanides da sauri yana rage glucose jini kuma zai iya kiyaye shi a cikin iyakoki na al'ada na kimanin sa'o'i 16. A lokaci guda, suna tsoma baki tare da shan kitsen da hanjin ke ciki, ta hakan kan hana faruwar abubuwanda ke faruwa a tasoshin.

Wadannan kwayoyi suna cikin wannan rukunin magungunan:

• Siofor. Yana bayarda daidaituwa na tafiyar matakai na rayuwa da asarar nauyi, sabili da haka mafi yawan lokuta ana wajabta shi ga mutanen da ke da nauyin jiki sosai. Sashi aka zaɓi akayi daban-daban.
• Metformin. Ana amfani dashi a hade tare da shirye-shiryen insulin kuma a gaban kiba. Aka haɓaka shi cikin cututtukan koda da na ketoacidosis.

Sawarshan

Daga cikin duk magungunan da aka tsara don T2DM, thiazolidinediones sune mafi kyau. Suna bayar da haɓakawa kan aiwatarwa da rarrabuwa da gumin glucose a cikin jiki, kuma suna ba da gudummawa ga daidaituwar hanta. Amma, idan aka kwatanta da sauran magunguna, sun fi tsada kuma suna da jerin kyawawan sakamako masu illa. Daga cikinsu akwai:

• saurin nauyi
• rage sauti na zuciya tsoka,
• kumburi
• ƙasusuwa ƙasusuwa
• rashin lafiyan rashes.

A yau, waɗannan sababbin magunguna masu zuwa daga rukunin thiazolidinediones galibi ana amfani dasu don maganin T2DM:

Don lura da gidajen abinci, masu karatunmu sunyi nasarar amfani da DiabeNot. Ganin shahararrun kayan wannan samfurin, mun yanke shawarar ba da shi ga hankalin ku.

• Aktos. Allunan ana amfani dasu azaman monotherapy don T2DM. Bayar da raguwa a cikin tsarin samar da sukari a cikin hanta, kare tasoshin jini daga lalacewa, inganta wurare dabam dabam na jini, sarrafa matakin glucose a cikin jini. Amma suna da abubuwan ɓarke ​​kansu - suna ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka ci, saboda haka lokacin da aka ɗauke su cikin marasa lafiya, yawanci ana saurin saurin nauyi.
• Avandiya Yana daidaita hanyoyin rayuwa a jiki kuma yana kara karfin jijiyoyin jiki ga insulin. Yana da tasirin hypoglycemic. Yana da contraindications da yawa tare da sakamako masu illa, wanda lallai ne ku san kanku da kanku kafin fara maganin jiyya.

Alfa Glucosidase Inhibitors

Daga cikin sababbin magunguna da aka ɗauka a T2DM, waɗannan sune kawai nau'ikan da ke da irin wanda ke toshe kwayar wani enzyme a cikin hanji wanda ke sauƙaƙe aikin sarrafa hadaddun carbohydrates. Sakamakon wannan, an rage matakan ɗaukar ƙwayar polysaccharides da raguwa a cikin glukos jini.

Mafi shahararrun alfa glucosidase inhibitors zuwa yau sune:

• Glucobay. An wajabta wa marasa lafiya waɗanda ke lura da tsalle tsalle cikin sukarin jini bayan sun ci abinci. An yarda da shi sosai kuma baya haifar da ƙima mai nauyi. Ana amfani da Glucobai azaman maganin adjuvant kuma dole ne a ƙara haɗarinsa tare da abincin mai-carb.
• Miglitol. Ana amfani dashi don nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, lokacin da abinci da kayan aiki na zahiri basu yarda su sami kyakkyawan sakamako. Ana shan miyagun ƙwayoyi sau 1 a rana, a kan komai a ciki. An zabi sashi ɗin daban daban daban. Miglitol yana da contraindications da yawa, daga cikinsu akwai hernias, cututtuka na hanji, ciki, rashin jituwa ga abubuwan da aka gyara, da kuma ƙuruciya.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, incretins, wanda ke cikin rukunin kungiyar dipeptidyl peptylade inhibitors, sun fara yin amfani da su a cikin aikin likita. Suna ba da haɓakar haɓakar insulin da daidaitattun matakan sukari na jini. Koyaya, basu da mummunar illa a hanta da kodan.

Daga cikin magabata, shahararrun sune:

• Januvius. Wannan magani na T2DM yana da sakamako mai ɗorewa, saboda haka ana ɗaukar lokaci 1 kawai a rana. Sashi aka zaɓi akayi daban-daban. Magungunan ba ya haifar da sakamako masu illa kuma yana hana ci gaba da rikice-rikice game da ciwon sukari.
• Galvus. Mayar da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta mai lalacewa da inganta aikinta. Ana ɗaukar magani kawai a hade tare da abinci da matsakaiciyar motsa jiki. Idan ba su bayar da sakamako mai kyau ba, an haɗa Galvus tare da magunguna masu rage sukari.

Ba za a iya ɗaukar magungunan da aka bayyana a sama ba tare da sanin likita ba. Abubuwan da suke ci suna ba da tallafi ga jiki da rigakafin haɓakar ciwon sukari na 1. Amma, idan mutum bai yi biyayya ga tsarin shan su ba, yadda za su sha, abincinsu da motsa jiki a kai a kai, to babu wani sakamako daga yawan shan su.

Idan an dauki magunguna daidai, amma akwai ƙaruwa na yau da kullun a cikin sukari na jini fiye da 9 mmol / l, lokaci yayi da za a yi tunani game da amfani da samfuran insulin.

Hanyar aiwatar da abubuwan incretins

Abubuwan da ke cikin ciki sune hormones na mutum wanda ke haifar da hanji yayin da abinci ya shiga ciki. Sakamakon aikinsu, samar da insulin yana ƙaruwa, wanda ke taimakawa glucose, wanda aka saki yayin narkewar abinci.

Har wa yau, an gano nau'ikan abubuwan maye iri biyu:

• GLP-1 (glucone-kamar peptide-1),
• ISU (polypeptide insulinotropic).

Masu karɓar farkon suna cikin gabobin daban-daban, wanda ke ba shi damar nuna tasirin sakamako. Na biyu ana sarrafawa ta hanyar masu karɓa na β-cell.

Daga cikin manyan hanyoyin aikinsu sune:

• increasedarin ɓoyewar ƙwayar insulin ta kwayoyin ƙwayar cuta,
• rage gudu na narkewa na ciki,
• raguwa a aikin glucagon,
• rage cin abinci da jin cikakken ciki,
• haɓaka zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, tasiri mai kyau akan tsarin mai juyayi.

Tare da haɓaka haɓakar insulin, glucose ya fi dacewa, amma idan al'ada ce, to, tsarin ɓoyewa ya tsaya kuma mutumin ba shi da haɗarin ciwon sukari. Rage yawan glucagon, mai adawa da insulin, yana haifar da raguwa a yawan amfani da hanta glycogen da sakin glucose kyauta, yayin da lokaci guda ke ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka yawan amfani da glycogen a cikin tsokoki. Sakamakon haka, ana amfani da glucose kai tsaye a wurin samarwa, ba tare da shiga cikin jini ba.

Lokacin da aka saki hancin ciki, abinci yakan shiga hanjin cikin karamin rabo, wanda ke rage shayewar glucose a cikin jini kuma, sakamakon haka, haɓaka cikin hankalinsa. Aiki cikin karami, ya kasance jiki ya fi sauki. A wannan yanayin, raguwa a cikin abinci yana ƙuntata yawan wuce gona da iri.

Ya zuwa yanzu an lura da tasirin ci gaban jini, amma ba a yi nazari ba. An gano cewa, abubuwan dake faruwa a jiki na taimaka wa β-sel na hanji su dawo da sauri.

Ba shi yiwuwa a sami kwayoyin halittar a cikin tsarkakakkiyar sifarsu a cikin wadataccen adadin, sabili da haka, masana kimiyya sun kirkiro alamun analogues waɗanda ke yin irin waɗannan ayyukan:

• farfado da sakamakon glucone-kamar peptide-1,
• rage tasirin enzymes mai lalacewa, don haka tsawanta rayuwar hormones.

Saxagliptin na rukuni na biyu.

Sakin Fom

Saxagliptin wani ɓangare ne na miyagun ƙwayoyi Onglisa, wanda ke aiki azaman mai hanawa na DPP-4. Wannan kayan aikin ba yana cikin jerin gwanon tarayya na zaɓaɓɓen magunguna ba, amma ana iya ba wa marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari ta hanyar ba da kasafin kuɗin cikin ƙasa.

Ana samun maganin ta hanyar Allunan tare da harsashi mai launin rawaya, dauke da 2.5 mg na saxagliptin ko 5 MG na hydrochloride. Abunda ya haɗa ya haɗa da abubuwan haɓaka waɗanda suke haɓaka ƙimar abu mai aiki. Allunan ana yiwa lakabi da alamar sashi.

Allunan an cika su cikin aljihun kunshin 10 guda da akwatin kwali.

Manuniya da contraindications

Ana ba da shawarar shirye-shiryen Saxagliptin don amfani da:

1. Matakan masu ciwon suga, lokacinda matakan gargajiya suka hada da abinci, motsa jiki da sauran shawarwari basa taimako. Kayan aiki yana ba ku damar dakatar da lalata β-sel kuma hakan ya hana ci gaban nau'in ciwon sukari na 2,
2. Kasancewar cutar sankarau. A wannan yanayin, ana iya amfani da kayan aiki azaman magani mai zaman kanta ko a hade tare da wasu magunguna:
   • Metformin
   • insulin
   • abubuwanda aka samo asali,
   • karafarinas

Contraindications zuwa shan miyagun ƙwayoyi sune:

• nau'in ciwon sukari guda 1
• wuce haddi mai saurin kamuwa da kowane bangare na maganin,
• ɗaukar hoto mai mahimmanci ga masu hana DPP-4,
• gaban ciwon sukari ketoacidosis,
• rashin ƙwayar cutar lactose da rashi lactase, ƙananan cututtukan glucose-galactose malabsorption,
• lokacin gestation da lactation,
• karamin shekaru.

A cikin waɗannan halayen, ana amfani da analogues na miyagun ƙwayoyi ko kudade tare da abun daban.

Sakamakon farawa saxagliptin + metformin

Side effects da yawan abin sama da ya kamata

Magungunan ba su da wata illa. Babban fa'idarsa shine rashin haɗarin cutar hawan jini.

Koyaya, kamar kowane magani na roba, yana shafar tsarin tafiyar da jiki, yana ba da gudummawa ga canjin su, wanda zai haifar da:

• ci gaban cututtukan cututtuka na tsarin na huhu,
• matsalar dyspeptik,
• sinusitis
• ciwon kai
• gastroenteritis
• ci gaban kumburi a cikin tsarin urinary.

Lokacin lura da kowane ɗayan waɗannan alamun, ya kamata ka kai ƙara ga likitan da ke halartar wanda zai zaɓi ƙarin matakan da ya dace na magani ko canza shi zuwa wasu allunan.

Ba a gano yawan ƙarin yawa a cikin gwaje-gwajen asibiti ba, yayin da aka yi amfani da yawaitar 80 sau mafi girma fiye da shawarar da aka yi amfani da shi. Idan akwai alamun alamun yawan ƙwayar cuta (tashin zuciya, amai, zawo, ciwon kai, rauni, da sauransu), ana gudanar da aikin ne bisa ga alamu tare da saurin cire magunguna daga jiki, wanda shine mafi sauƙin yi ta hanyar hemodialysis.

Idan aka haɗu da wasu kwayoyi, ba a gano karkatar da magana. Koyaya, amfani da na lokaci guda tare da metformin da thiazolidinediones ba a bincika ba.

Bidiyo daga gwani: