Glaucoma a cikin ciwon sukari: alaƙa da magani

Ciwon sukari mellitus cuta ce wacce wasu cututtukan take rikitar da ita. Rashin gani da ido ba banda bane. Glaucoma a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus yana faruwa sau 5 fiye da sau da yawa a cikin marasa lafiya da keɓaɓɓen matakan glucose na al'ada. Irin wannan karuwa a cikin abin da ya faru yana da alaƙa da canji a cikin tsarin ganuwar tarkunan jiragen ruwa, da kuma kasancewarsu mai aiki. A wannan yanayin, ana lura da hauhawar jini a cikin ido. Ba tare da dacewa da isasshen magani ba, mai haƙuri na iya rasa hangen nesa.

Halin cutar

Glaucoma cuta ce da ke haifar da hauhawar matsin lamba a cikin ido. Idan ilimin ya faru a cikin ciwon sukari, to, an sanya shi ga ƙungiyar masu ciwon sukari retinopathies. Haɓakar cutar tana faruwa ne sakamakon karuwar glucose, wanda ke tsokanar glycation na sunadarai. Wannan tsari ya keta tsarin rukunin tushe na bango mai ɗaukar hankali. Abubuwan da aka yi amfani da su sun ba da gudummawa ga ƙirƙirar tsattsauran ra'ayi kyauta da sauran mahaɗan sunadarai waɗanda ke cutar da retina.

Sakamakon cututtukan pathogenic akan gabobin, edema da hypoxia na retinal suna haɓaka. Wannan yana taimakawa haɓakawa da haɓaka jiragen ruwa waɗanda ba a shirya su ba. A lokaci guda, hawan jini yana kara motsawa, yanayin iko da ƙima yana ƙaruwa. Wadannan hanyoyin sune abubuwanda ake bukata domin ci gaban cututtukan idanu da dama, gami da glaucoma, wanda ya kasance sakamakon canje-canjen kwayoyin halittu wadanda ke hana isowar ido na al'ada. Wannan shine pathogenesis na cutar.

Yawancin masu ciwon sukari ana gano su da wani nau'in ilimin neovascular pathology, wanda ke da alaƙa da cutar kai tsaye. Tare da haɓakar ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta na yau da kullun, abubuwan da ake amfani da su a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta suna cikin damuwa. An bayyana wannan ta hanyar hauhawar lamba da lalata jijiyoyi. Mafi sau da yawa, ilimin halayyar halitta abu ne na biyu, yana haɓaka da sauri. Ana lura dashi a kusan 32% na nau'in 1 da nau'in masu ciwon sukari 2.

Wani nau'in bude ido na glaucoma yana faruwa ne yayin da aikin motsa jiki na aikin magudanar ido ya rikice. Pathology yana haɓaka yawancin hankali, wanda ba a fahimta ba ga marasa lafiya.

Mahimmanci! Yawancin marasa lafiya suna neman taimako a cikin yanayin da aka riga aka yi watsi da su, lokacin da kusan ba shi yiwuwa a ceci ido.

Matakan farko na ci gaban cutar ba tare da raɗaɗi ba. Sabili da haka, yawancin marasa lafiya suna juya zuwa likitan likitan ido yayin da yanayin idanun ke ƙaruwa sosai. Wannan yana tare da asibitin halayyar:

• hazo a gabana
• vagueness daga cikin kwanon abubuwa,
• tsoron haske
• rashin gani,
• ciwon kai (musamman a wajajen wuraren ibada da kiba masu karfi).

Bugu da kari, marasa lafiya sun koka da sauran bayyanar. Marasa lafiya suna lura da da'irar bakan gizo lokacin da suka tsayar da idanunsu a kan wata hanyar samar da wuta. Har ila yau, akwai jin zafi a cikin idanu, redness da sclera.

Gano cutar sankara ta hanyar auna matsin lambar ruwa a cikin ido. Matsakaicin al'ada yana iyakance ga 10-21 mm. Hg. Art. Don ganewar asali, tonometry, gonioscopy, kewaye, Doppler zanawa ana yin su. Wadannan hanyoyin suna taimakawa wajen tantance yanayin ido da bambanta da sauran cututtukan.

Isasshen ilimin, wanda aka gudanar tare da gano daidai lokacin da ake kira Pathology, na iya dakatar da ci gaban cutar. Baya ga magani ga glaucoma, matakan sukari na jini ya kamata a daidaita su. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa kowane matakan warkewa zai zama mai tasiri, tunda hanyoyin aiwatar da cututtukan cututtukan a idanu zasu ci gaba da haɓaka rayuwar mai haƙuri.

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don taimakawa mai ciwon sukari tare da glaucoma. A cikin farkon matakan, yin amfani da magunguna yana yiwuwa. A cikin batun lokacin da ake inganta cutar ta hanyar isasshen lafiya, ana yin gyaran hangen nesa ta amfani da aikin tiyata ko laser.

Magungunan magani

Irin wannan jiyya na iya dakatar da ci gaban cutar idan glaucoma tana da laushi ko matsakaici. Lokacin da aka faɗi dysfunction na ido sosai, yana da kyau a duba wasu hanyoyin. Magunguna don ƙara matsa lamba cikin jijiyoyin jiki ana aiwatar da su ta matakai uku. Na farko ya hada da kwantar da hankali na musamman. Wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga daidaituwa tsakanin wurare dabam dabam na jini a cikin retina da optic jijiya. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da kwayoyi kamar Rutin a hade tare da ascorbic acid. Wannan zai taimaka ƙarfafa ganuwar capillaries, dawo da ingantaccen iko. Hakanan shawarwarin akai-akai shine mai aikin retinoprotector kamar Divaskan.

Na biyu shugabanci na farji shine hypotensive sakamako. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da kayan aikin da ke ba da gudummawa ga fitar ruwa, ko hana abubuwan samarwa. Ana amfani da magungunan masu zuwa:

Hankali! Bayan malalar “Timolol”, mara lafiyan na iya fuskantar tasirin sakamako: toshewar ido, itching a idanu.

Wadannan kwayoyi suna da tasiri sosai idan anyi amfani dasu da kyau. Tsarin cikin ciki shine al'ada, hanyoyin tafiyar da jini sun dakatar da ci gaba. Amma mai haƙuri dole ne ya tuna cewa zaɓin mai zaman kansa na kwayoyi ba shi da karɓuwa!

Hanya ta uku ta samo asali ne daga maidowa da hanyoyin motsa jiki daga metabolism a cikin kyallen ido. Wannan ya zama dole don rinjayar ayyukan dystrophic wanda ke haɓaka tare da glaucoma. Kafin fara magani, kowane mai haƙuri ya kamata ya nemi shawara ba kawai likitan ido ba, har ma da endocrinologist.

Domin taimakawa mai haƙuri, ana iya yin tiyata. Ana yin wannan ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Cire mara zurfin cututtukan fata shine aikin da aka tsara don daidaita daidaituwar ruwa a cikin ido. Siffar halayyar hanyar shine takamaiman fasaha. Godiya ga shigarta ba ya buƙatar ƙirƙirar ta hanyar rami. Inganta yanayin yana gudana ne ta hanyar dunƙule yanki na yanki na ƙwaƙwalwa. Fa'idodin hanyar sun haɗa da lambobin lokacin dawowa:

1. Gyaran gaggawa (har zuwa kwana biyu).
2. A cikin bayan aikin, abubuwan sakaci na ayyuka sun zama sakaci.
3. Babu wani mummunan rikice-rikice bayan tsoma bakin.

Don aiwatar da farfadowa da hangen nesa na Laser, ya zama dole don gudanar da shirye-shiryen preoperative - instillation of musamman eye saukad da. Tsoma baki ya zama sananne saboda gaskiyar cewa bawo da bangon idanun ba su lalacewa ba tare da shiga cikin kogonsu ba. Babban amfani shine rashin jin daɗin aikin.

Babban mahimmancin hanyar shine cewa Laser beam ya shiga cikin ido kuma ya dawo da aikin magudanar ruwa. Saboda wannan, ya zama ruwan dare, yaduwar cutar ta tsaya. Mafi sau da yawa, ana tsara irin wannan hanyar don marasa lafiya waɗanda ke fama da wasu cututtukan haɗin gwiwa, alal misali, ilimin cututtukan zuciya na tsarin zuciya.

Yin rigakafin Glaucoma

Yin rigakafin cutar ita ce babban aikin masu ciwon sukari. Don wannan, mai haƙuri dole ne ya kula da matakin glucose a cikin jini kuma ya kula da shi a cikin iyakokin al'ada. Hakanan ya kamata a cire yanayi mai wahala. Ziyarar zuwa saunas, ƙarancin aiki na jiki da kuma yawan shan giya na iya tayar da haɓakar glaucoma.

Amma da farko dai, mai haƙuri ya kamata ya ziyarci likitocin - likitan mahaifa da endocrinologist a kan kari. Binciki tare da likitan ido yakamata a yi sau da yawa a shekara (aƙalla sau biyu). Wannan shi ne saboda raguwa a cikin tsawon lokacin ci gaban Pathology.

Abunda ya faru na glaucoma tare da karuwa a cikin sukari jini shine aukuwa sau da yawa. Zai fi kyau hana ci gaba da cutar da a fara fama da wahalolin asibiti. Matsayin halayen mai haƙuri ne kawai ga lafiyar sa zai iya kare shi daga mummunan sakamakon cutar sankara. Don ƙarin bayani, duba wannan bidiyon:

Sakamakon babban sukari a idanu

Glaucoma a cikin ciwon sukari yana haifar da sauyi a cikin jini, wanda ya zama abu mai rauni saboda yawan glucose a cikin jini. Idanun suna soke shi ta hanyar sadarwa na ƙananan tasoshin ruwa, ƙarancinsa wanda ke haifar da karuwa a cikin ƙwayar ciki (IOP).

Tsarin aiki na yau da kullun yana inganta wurare dabam dabam na ƙwayar cikin ciki. Wannan yana samar da abinci mai gina jiki ga dukkan tsaran idanu. Idan magudanar ruwa danshi a cikin tsarin idanun ya lalace, matsi ya karu, glaucoma ta bunkasa. Lokacin da aka gano shi tare da mellitus na ciwon sukari, mafi yawan lokuta ana gano cutar neovascular da bude-angle glaucoma.

Open-angle glaucoma yana da alaƙa da rufe tashoshi ta hanyar yadda kwayar take cikin jijiyoyin ciki suke gudana saboda haka tara yawan sa yana faruwa.

Neovascular glaucoma a cikin 32% na lokuta ana tsokani shi ne ta hanyar ciwon sukari mellitus. Irin wannan cuta tana tasowa lokacin da jijiyoyin jini marasa nauyi suka bayyana kuma suka fara toho a jikin iris. Saboda asarar elasticity, tasoshin kunkuntar, ganuwar su na iya fashewa a karkashin karfin jini. Wani tabo ya tashi a wurin da microfracture, sannan wani sabon jirgi ya bayyana, bashi da mahimman kaddarorin magabacin sa. Ba zai iya sake samar da tsarin ido da abubuwan gina jiki da isashshen sunadarin oxygen ba. Irin wannan isasshen yanayi yana haifar da ƙirƙirar ɗaukacin cibiyar sadarwar irin waɗannan tasoshin don rama aikin aikin jirgin ruwan da ya gabata.

Yayinda tasoshin 'marasa amfani' suke girma, ana katange kwararar ruwan ciki. Tsarin ido ba ya karɓuwa abubuwan abinci masu mahimmanci da iskar oxygen.

Idan ba a rama ciwon sukari ba, to glucose na da illa a jikin kwayoyin jini da jijiyoyin jini. Kwayoyin halittar jan rai suna zama da kauri kuma ganuwar jijiyoyin jiki su zama siyayyu. Ba a rataya cutar sankarar tsoka ba, mafi muni a jihar tasoshin.

Symptomatology

Yawancin marasa lafiya ba sa lura da matsalolin hangen nesa a gaban glaucoma a matakin farko. Insidiousness na cutar ya ta'allaka ne a cikin bayyanannun alamun. Mutum ba ya jin zafi, ba ya dame shi, saboda haka galibi sukan juya zuwa likitan likitan ido ne kawai a matakai idan an riga an bukaci tiyata. Glaucoma yana ci gaba a hankali, amma ciwon sukari yana haɓaka ci gabanta.

An gano cutar sankara ta hanyar bayyanar cututtuka:

• daukar hoto
• hangen nesa
• lokacin da kake kallon haske,
• abin mamaki da yashi a idanu.

Binciko

Don tantance yanayin ido, gano nau'in glaucoma, ƙayyadaddun ci gabanta, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓar likitan likitan ido. Zai gudanar da bincike tare da gano illolin da ke haifar da ci gaba da nakasa gani.

Abu na gaba, ana gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na cuta, wanda ya haɗa da hanyoyin masu zuwa:

1. Tonometry. Aikin jijiyar karfin ciki.
2. Gonioscopy Amfani da ruwan tabarau na musamman, za a hango kusurwar kyamarar gaban allo.
3. Mai Lantarki. Eterayyade filin kallo.
4. Biowararren ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayar cuta. Suna nazarin babban tsarin idanu, asirinsu, lahani.
5. Flowmetry. Kimanta jini ya kwarara a cikin retina da jini na ido.

Tare da gano farko na glaucoma a cikin ciwon sukari, an tsara saukad da warkewa wanda ya sami damar daidaita kitse, ruwa, furotin da kuma metabolism metabolism. Tare da bayyanannun bayyanannun, magunguna ba za su ƙara taimakawa ba. Jiyya kawai zai taimaka wajen dakatar da ci gaban cutar.

Magunguna

Magungunan ƙwayar cuta don glaucoma a cikin ciwon sukari yana da burin da yawa.

• Inganta tafiyar matakai na rayuwa a cikin kyallen idanu,
• karfafawar karfin hauhawar ciki,
• ragewa na jijiyoyin bugun jini.

Idan Pathology ya fara haɓaka, saukad da taimako yana daidaita ƙimar ido Timolol, Latanoprost da Betaxolol. Wadannan kwayoyi sune beta-blockers. Brimonidine, Aproclonidine (α-agonists), magungunan hypersmolar (Osmitrol, Glycerin), carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (Glauktabs, Diamox).

Shiga ciki

Cire cututtukan glaucoma a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus yana taimakawa da sauri dawo da magudanan ruwa na hanji na al'ada.

Da sauri kaɗaita ido yana taimakawa:

1. Jin zurfin cututtukan da baya shiga ciki. Aikin yana da mafi karancin rikice-rikice, tunda buɗe ƙwallon buɗe ido bai faru ba, wanda ke nuna cewa yuwuwar kamuwa da cuta ya shiga ƙasa kaɗan. Koyaya, mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari ana ba su magungunan NSAIDs da corticosteroids a cikin bayan aikin, har da magungunan rigakafi masu ƙarfi, suna ba da yanayin musamman na kumburi da kamuwa da cuta.
2. Jiyya Laser. Hanyar zamani don magance cututtukan sukari, wanda ake amfani dashi idan mai ciwon sukari ya haɗu da wasu rikice-rikice a layi daya ko kuma yana da matsalolin zuciya. Tare da taimakon katako na Laser, ana sake dawo da tsarin fitar da abubuwa da yawa na IOP, kuma an tabbatar da zagayawa cikin sutturar ta.

Yin rigakafin

Glaucoma yana daya daga cikin cututtukan idanu na yau da kullun. Amma masu ciwon sukari suna buƙatar kulawa da lafiyar idanunsu sama da mutanen da ke da lafiya, tunda haɗarin cutar zai iya haɓaka da sauri kuma yana haifar da makanta.

A matsayin matakan kariya, ana iya lura da su:

1. Kula da matakan glucose na jini akai-akai, don neman raunin ciwon sukari.
2. Guji yanayin damuwa a duk lokacin da zai yiwu.
3. Kar ku ci barasa, shan sigari.
4. Rashin ziyarci wuraren wanka, saunas, guji tsananin motsa jiki. Wadannan hanyoyin suna haɓaka matsa lamba na ciki.

Amma babban gwargwado ga mai ciwon sukari shine ziyarar yau da kullun ga likitan likitan ido. Zai fi kyau a bincika sau 3 a shekara, saboda cutar na iya ci gaba da sauri.