Tsarin sukari na jini a cikin maza bayan shekaru 70

Ana amfani da glucose a cikin sel na jiki don haɗin ATP - adenosine triphosphate, ba tare da wannan ba da amsawar ƙirar ƙwaƙwalwa ko tsarin ilimin halittar jiki. Glucose yana shiga jiki a zaman wani yanki na hadaddun carbohydrates, kuma hanta ke samar dashi.

Bukatar carbohydrates a cikin maza yana da girma sosai kuma ya kai 400 - 500 g kowace rana. A cikin mata, bukatun yau da kullun na carbohydrates yana da ƙasa, a matsakaici, ya dace da 350 - 370 g.

Dukkanin carbohydrates, lokacin da aka saka shi, sun rushe zuwa glucose, kuma likita ya ƙare da yanayin metabolism na metabolism ta hanyar haɗuwa da wannan fili a cikin jini (glycemia). Matsayin glucose a cikin maza tsakanin abinci da azumi a cikin jini ya bambanta, amma ya kamata koyaushe ya kasance tsakanin iyakoki na al'ada.

Don daidaita ma'aunai, an zabi matakin glucose na jini bayan matsanancin halin motsa jiki yayin bacci na dare na awa 8-12.

Matsayin glucose na azumi a duk rayuwa, in ban da na farkon yara, a halin yanzu ba shi da canji kuma yana daga 3.3 zuwa 5.6 mmol / l na mata da maza.

Wani muhimmin alamar dake nuna glucose na jini shine ma'aunin postprandial glycemia - matakin sukari bayan cin abinci. Norms na postprandial glycemia tare da tsufa a cikin maza da mata suna ƙaruwa sosai fiye da yadda aka saba akan komai a ciki.

Canje-canje a cikin sukari na jini bayan cin abinci ba ya tare da kowane alamun halayen. Kuma alamun rashin ƙarfi na iya zama ƙima mai nauyi tare da rage cin abinci na yau da kullun, jujjuya yanayi, haushi.

Yawan kwatankwacin shekaru glycemic

Thearin yawan adadin glucose a cikin jini yana farawa tun yana da shekaru 60 kuma ya dace da:

• 0.055 mmol / L - gwajin azumi,
• 0.5 mmol / l - don glycemia bayan cin abinci.

An bayyana ƙaramin abu mai mahimmanci a cikin alamun sukari na jini a cikin maza kawai a cikin ɗan shekaru 80 - 100 shekaru sosai, kamar yadda za'a iya gani daga allunan da ke ƙasa.

Guban jini a cikin maza, tebur na shekarudon alamu na yau da kullun daga yatsa

Matsayin glucose na azumi daga yatsa a cikin maza masu aiki shekaru 25 - 50 da haihuwa ya bambanta kaɗan da ƙimar al'ada bisa ga tebur don sukarin jini a cikin tsofaffi bayan shekaru 60. Tare da yin gwaje-gwaje na bazuwar, ƙididdigar jinin azumi sau da yawa yakan zama al'ada har ma da masu ciwon sukari na 2.

Canje-canje a cikin tsarin sukari a cikin maza yana shafar yawancin adadin jini mai azumi kamar ƙayyadaddun iyaka na glycemia bayan cin abinci.

Darajojin glucose mai azumi daga jijiya kadan ya fi girma, amma kuma suna ƙaruwa tare da shekaru zuwa 0.055 mmol / l a kowace shekara 10.

Teburda haihuwa, yin azumi jini na daga jijiya al'ada ne a cikin maza

Matsakaicin iyaka na halal na al'ada na sukari na jini daga jijiya tare da tsufa a cikin maza ya rage bayan bacci na dare a cikin kewayon 6.1 - 6.4 mmol / l.

Glycemia na azumi ba koyaushe yana nuna matsayin karancin metabolism na jiki ba.

An gudanar da bincike mai zurfi game da tsufa a cikin tsufa 2 sa'o'i bayan cin abinci. Postprandial glycemia yana ƙaruwa tare da shekaru ta 0.5 mmol / l / 10 / shekaru.

A cikin maza bayan shekara 50 - 60, kamar haka daga tebur da ke ƙasa, haɓaka matakan sukari na jini bayan cin abinci ya fi na al'ada fiye da na matasa.

Tebur, abubuwan al'ada na postprandial glycemia (venous jini)

Ana yin gwajin haƙuri na glucose a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje don tantance sukari bayan cin abinci, bincika jini bayan cinye maganin glucose. A gida, zaka iya auna matakin glycemia tare da glucometer.

Idan kimar postprandial glycemia a cikin dattijo mai shekaru 70 ya wuce, alal misali, 11 mmol / l, tare da ka'idar 8.3 mmol / l, to ya bi:

• maimaita bincike akan ranaku daban-daban,
• idan akasari ya wuce kuma, nemi shawarar endocrinologist,
• ware carbohydrates da abinci mai saurin narkewa daga abincin.

Hawan jini

Don kula da daidaitaccen glucose a cikin kullun, akwai tsarin tsarin sarrafawa da yawa a cikin jiki. Wannan yana ba ku damar biyan bukatun makamashi na dukkanin sel na jiki, kuma a farkon - adadin glucose da ke shiga cikin kwakwalwa da jijiyoyi.

Idan aka karya tsarin aikin glycemia, to kuwa ya ci gaba:

• hypoglycemia - sukari na jini yana ƙasa da al'ada,
• hyperglycemia - wuce haddi jini sukari.

Glucose ya shiga cikin sel daban-daban sakamakon insulin na hormone. Wani banbanci shine nama mai zaman kansa wanda za'a samar da glucose ba tare da taimakon insulin na hormone ba.

Ba a buƙatar insulin don shigarwar glucose cikin sel:

• kwakwalwa da neurons na kewaye jijiya tsarin,
• ƙwayoyin jini
• gonad a cikin mata da maza,
• pancreas - alpha da beta beta na tsibirin Langerhans.

Amma a zahiri, idan babu insulin, kwayoyin halittar jikin mutum basu da matsala ga glucose. Tare da rashin insulin, raguwa a cikin hankalin ƙwayoyin sel zuwa wannan hormone, an kirkiro mellitus (DM).

Samari suna fasalin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari ko na dogaro da insulin lokacin da matakan jini suka yi ƙasa ko insulin ba ya nan. Cutar sankara ta fara fitowa, yawanci kafin shekarunta 20, amma tana iya haɓaka har zuwa shekaru 50, ba tare da nuna alamun wani sabon abu ba na dogon lokaci.

Suna maganin cutar da allurar insulin. Kuma tun da ba a samar da insulin na kansa a cikin wannan nau'in mellitus na ciwon sukari ba, ko rage yawan aikinta, dole ne a yi injections yau da kullun.

Increasedarin samar da kwayoyin halittar jima'i na maza na haifar da yuwuwar karuwar yawan ƙwayar cuta da haɓaka ciwon sukari a cikin yanayin karancin insulin.

Non-insulin dogara da ciwon sukari mellitus

Hadarin ƙara yawan sukarin jini da haɓaka ciwon sukari na 2 a cikin maza kuma yana ƙaruwa tare da isasshen insulin a cikin jini, amma rage ƙima na jijiyar tsoka.

Wannan nau'in ciwon sukari ana kiransa insulin-Independent, ana bi dashi da magunguna masu rage sukari. Mellitus-non-insulin-da ke fama da cutar sikila ya fara haɓaka bayan shekaru 30, kuma kafin wannan lokacin, da wuya maza da mata su kamu da wannan cutar.

Mafi sau da yawa, karkatar da sukari daga al'ada da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ana samun su cikin maza a cikin jini bayan shekaru 40 - 50.

• kiba - “giya ciki”,
• hawan jini
• rashin motsa jiki.

Hypodynamia, tare da kiba, shine sanadin haɓakar ciwon sukari na nau'in 2. Matsakaicin adadin ƙwayar tsoka a cikin maza ya fi yadda mata suke, kuma shine 40-45% da 36%, bi da bi.

Kayan tsoka ne wanda yake ɗaukar muhimmin kashi na glucose daga cikin jini. Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, hankalin mai karɓar tsoka zuwa insulin yana raguwa, kuma yawan adadin glucose mai shigowa ana ajiyewa, kamar glycogen, a cikin hanta da tsokoki.

Abun ajiyar shi a cikin jiki ya kai 400 g kuma ana amfani dashi don kara glucose a cikin jini yayin lokacin azumi.

Koyaya, idan yawan glucose daga abinci ya fi ƙarfin hanta da tsokoki, to ba a kafa glycogen ba, kuma ana sanya wannan ƙwayar carbohydrate a cikin kitse mai ƙwaya da kewayen gabobin ciki, yana ƙara tashin hankali na rayuwa.

A cikin 50% na lokuta, rashin lafiyar insulin-dogara da ciwon sukari mellitus yana haɓaka asymptomatally kuma an riga an gano shi a mataki na rikitarwa masu haɗari.

Bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan da ba su da insulin-insulin a cikin maza da wuce haddi na sukari jini sune:

• karuwa a cikin yawan fitsari yau da kullun,
• m ƙishirwa
• kiba a cikin ciki - murfin ciki a cikin maza sama da 102 cm,
• hauhawar jini - hawan jini> 130 mm Hg. St. / 85,
• atherosclerosis
• ischemia na zuciya.

Yadda za a auna?

Masana sun ba da shawarar ku bi wasu shawarwari waɗanda zasu taimaka wajen auna daidai glucose jini. Ofayansu yana damuwa lokacin da ya fi dacewa a gudanar da irin wannan bincike. Misali, akwai ra'ayi cewa yakamata ayi wannan kawai da safe, a wannan lokacin mai nuna alamar ya kamata ya kasance cikin kewayon daga 5.6 zuwa 6 mmol / l.

Idan sakamakon ya banbanta da wannan ka’idar, to likita zai iya tsayar da maganin cutar sankarau.

Amma, lokacin da aka ɗauki samfurin daga jijiya, mai nuna alama kada ya zarce 6.1 mmol / l.

Amma ban da gaskiyar cewa kuna buƙatar sanin daidai lokacin da ya fi dacewa don ɗaukar wannan ma'aunin, har yanzu yana da mahimmanci a tuna yadda za a shirya yadda yakamata don wannan bincike, da kuma abin da ba za a iya yin shi ba kafin wucewa cikin bincike. A ce an san cewa kafin bayar da gudummawar jini, haramun ne a ci abinci mai narkewa, ko kuma waɗanda ke ɗauke da manyan matakan glucose.

Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a bincika ko mai haƙuri ya sami matsala a ranar hawan gwajin ko kuma idan bai sha wahala daga kowace cuta ba.

Dangane da duk abin da aka fada a sama, ya zama bayyananne cewa yana da mahimmanci ba kawai shekarar da aka haifi mai haƙuri ba, amma har ma yana fama da kowace cuta, ko yana fama da yanayin damuwa, da dai sauransu.

Idan akwai ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka ambata a sama, to ya kamata ku sanar da likita nan da nan game da wannan kuma kuyi duk mai yiwuwa don ware yiwuwar samun sakamakon da ba daidai ba, a kan hanyar da za a wajabta maganin.

Menene halayen talakawa?

Kowa ya san cewa babban hormone wanda ke shafar matakin glucose a cikin jini shine insulin. Idan aka samar dashi cikin wadataccen adadin, to matakin sukari na jini zai yi yawa sosai. Hakanan yana iya yiwuwa jiki baya shan wannan hormone a matakin da ya dace. Duk waɗannan abubuwan suna haifar da gaskiyar cewa glucose ya fara ƙaruwa da sauri, bi da bi, mutum yana jin mugunta, wani lokacin ma har ya fara barazanar rayuwarsa.

Don kauce wa irin waɗannan sakamako, ya kamata a kai a kai ku lura da yanayin ƙwayar kullen ku, wato yadda ake inganta ƙwayoyin beta.

Amma ban da matsaloli tare da cututtukan fata, akwai wasu rikice-rikice a cikin jikin mutum wanda zai iya haifar da irin wannan rashin lafiyar. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a ci jarrabawar yau da kullun a cikin ƙwararrun likitancin likita.

Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa abubuwa kamar:

• adrenal gland, suna daidaita matakan adrenaline da norepinephrine,
• Har ila yau, akwai wurarenda ke motsa jiki wanda baya yin insulin, amma glucagon,
• thyroid gland shine yake, wannan shine hormone da yake asirin,
• cortisol ko corticosterone,
• akwai kuma wanda ake kira "umarni" hormone, wanda shima yana shafar matakin glucose din a jini.

Istswararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru suna koyaushe cewa matakan sukari na iya bambanta a kowane lokaci na rana. Zata ce da daddare yana raguwa sosai, wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa a wannan lokacin mutum yakanyi bacci kuma jikinsa baya aiki kamar yadda yake a rana.

Hakanan koyaushe yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa, a matsakaici, ya dogara da shekarun mutum, ƙimar glucosersa na iya bambanta sosai.

Yaya shekaru suke shafan sukari?

An san cewa yanayin yawan sukarin jini a cikin maza bayan shekaru 70 na yatsa koyaushe zai bambanta da sakamakon binciken, wanda aka gudanar tare da marasa lafiya masu shekaru arba'in, hamsin ko sittin. Wannan gaskiyar tana da alaƙa da gaskiyar cewa tsoho mutum ya zama, mafi muni gabobin jikinsa suna aiki.

Haka kuma manyan halaye na iya faruwa yayin da mace ta sami juna biyu bayan shekara talatin.

An riga an faɗi a sama cewa akwai tebur na musamman wanda aka nuna matsakaicin darajar matakan glucose na kowane rukuni na marasa lafiya. Misali, idan zamuyi magana game da karancin marassa lafiya, wato game da jarirai wadanda basuyi makonni 4 da kwana uku ba, to suna da ka’ida ta 2.8 zuwa 4.4 mmol / l.

Amma idan ya zo ga yara underan shekaru goma sha huɗu, to lalle yakamata su glucose su kasance cikin kewayon daga 3.3 zuwa 5.6 mmol / L. Bugu da ƙari, ya kamata a faɗi game da rukuni na marasa lafiya waɗanda suka kai shekaru goma sha huɗu, amma waɗanda ba su kai shekara sittin ba, suna da wannan alamar da ke cikin kewayon daga 4.1 zuwa 5.9 mmol / L. Sannan ana nazarin nau'in marasa lafiya daga shekaru sittin zuwa casa'in. A wannan yanayin, matakin sukarinsu ya tashi daga 4.6 zuwa 6.4 mmol / L. Da kyau, bayan casa'in, daga 4.2 zuwa 6.7 mmol / l.

Dangane da duk bayanan da ke sama, ya zama a bayyane cewa tsohuwar mutum, mafi girman matakin sukari a cikin jininsa, wanda ke nufin cewa ya kamata a gudanar da iko da sukari na jini sau da yawa.

Sabili da haka, kafin magana game da gaskiyar cewa wani haƙuri yana da takamaiman keta rikice-rikice tare da glucose a cikin jini, ya kamata ku gano shekarunsa, jinsi da sauran abubuwan da ke shafar wannan mai nuna kai tsaye.

Yaya ake bayar da wannan bincike?

Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa ana iya aiwatar da wannan binciken duka a gida da kuma a cikin ƙwararrun likitancin likita. Amma a kowane yanayi, kuna buƙatar tuna cewa tsawon awanni takwas kafin lokacin bincike ba zai iya ci ba.

Idan kana buƙatar gudanar da nazari a cikin cibiyar likitanci, to a wannan yanayin ana aiwatar da shi a matakai biyu. Na farko ya yi kama da wanda ake yi a gida, amma sa'o'i biyu na biyu bayan mai haƙuri ya ɗauki gram 75 na glucose, wanda aka narke cikin ruwa.

Kuma yanzu, idan bayan waɗannan sa'o'i biyu sakamakon yana cikin kewayon 7.8 zuwa 11.1 mmol / l, to zamu iya cewa lafiya mai haƙuri yana da haƙuri na glucose. Amma, idan sakamakon yana sama da mm 11.1 mmol, to zamu iya tattaunawa game da kasancewar ciwon sukari. Da kyau, idan sakamakon ya kasance ƙasa da 4, to, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓi likita cikin gaggawa don ƙarin bincike.

Yana da mahimmanci koyaushe mahimmanci tuna cewa ba da daɗewa ba idan mai haƙuri ya ziyarci likita, da sauri zai kasance mai yiwuwa don gano cin zarafi kuma ɗaukar matakan gaggawa don kawar da shi.

Hakanan yana yiwuwa cewa mai nuna alama, ba tare da la'akari da shekarun mai haƙuri ba, na iya kasancewa cikin kewayon daga 5.5 zuwa 6 mmol / l, wannan sakamakon yana nuna cewa wannan mutumin yana iya kamuwa da ciwon suga.

Musamman hankali ya kamata ya zama tsofaffi. Ko da ba su da matsaloli tare da sukari a baya, har yanzu kuna buƙatar gudanar da nazari akai-akai kuma ku tabbata cewa ciwon sukari baya haɓaka.

Tabbas, ban da gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun, yana da mahimmanci a kula da tsari na yau da kullun. Kuna buƙatar cin abinci daidai da ƙa'idodi waɗanda aka kafa, musamman idan akwai wasu abubuwan da ake bukata don ci gaban nau'in 1 ko ciwon sukari na 2. Mafi yawan lokuta, wannan cuta tana bayyana kanta lokacin da take shekara saba'in, musamman idan mutum baya bin ka'idodin abinci mai gina jiki ko ya sami wahala sosai. Af, shi ne damuwa mara damuwa wanda ake ɗauka ɗayan manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaba da cutar "sukari". Wannan koyaushe yana da mahimmanci don tunawa.

Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin zaiyi magana game da matakan sukari na al'ada.