Glycosylated haemoglobin

Sinadarin haemoglobin, wanda aka samo a cikin sel jini, yana taimakawa sel jini ja don su da kuma sadar da kwayoyin oxygen zuwa ga dukkanin sassan jikin. Amma ba kowa ba ne ya san ɗayan kayan aikinsa: na dogon lokaci yana kasancewa cikin maganin glucose, yana samar da mahaɗin sunadarai mara iyaka tare da shi. Tsarin ma'amala ana kiran shi glycation, ko glycosylation, sakamakonsa shine gemocololated jini. An nuna ta ta hanyar HbA1c.

Mafi girman matakin glucose na jini, yawan furotin yana iya daurawa. Ana auna matakan HbA1c a matsayin kashi na yawan haemoglobin da ke yaduwa cikin jini. Ka'idoji ga maza da mata ba su bambanta, ga yara iri ɗaya ne da na manya:

a cikin mutum mai lafiya, haemoglobin mai narkewa 4.8-5.9% (Ingantaccen sukari da bincike na HbA1c: menene bambanci?

Matsayin sukari na jini mai canzawa ne. Ya bambanta ba kawai tsakanin masu ciwon sukari ba, har ma a tsakanin mutane masu lafiya: yayin rana, gwargwadon lokacin shekara, tare da mura ko mura, ko bayan daren rashin barci. A cikin wannan mutumin, gwajin sukarin jini na jini na iya ba da sakamako daban-daban. Sabili da haka, ana amfani dashi don ƙarin bincike da sarrafawa da sauri - don zaɓar allurai insulin ko allunan jini.

Matsayin HbA1c baya canzawa idan mutumin yana juyayi, baya dogara da lokacin yin samammen (safe, yamma, bayan cin abinci ko a kan komai a ciki). Sakamakon zai kasance daidai idan batun ya sha magani ko ya sha giya a ranar da ta gabata. Glycosylated haemoglobin, ba kamar matakan sukari ba, ba ya raguwa bayan wasa da wasanni kuma baya girma bayan Sweets waɗanda ba a cin abinci akan lokaci.

Menene bincike akan HbA1c ya nuna? Yana sa a sami damar ganin ba karamin lokaci bane, amma matsakaicin matakin glucose na makonni 4-8 da suka gabata. Wato, don tantance yadda mai kyau ke sarrafa sukarin da ke sarrafa sukari a cikin watanni uku kafin gwaji.

Don sarrafa cikakken ciwon sukari, yana da kyau a haɗaka duka gwaje-gwaje: glycosylated haemoglobin da sukari na jini. A wasu masu ciwon sukari, matakin HbA1c yana nuna ƙa'idar aiki, amma akwai raguwar yawan jini a cikin sukari na yau da kullun. Abubuwan da ke faruwa suna iya haɓaka fiye da waɗanda HbA1c ke ɗaukaka kuma sukari baya “tsallake” yayin rana.

Siffofi da kuma raunin da aka samu na Nazarin HbAlc

Erythrocyte yana da tsawon kwanakin 120-125, kuma ɗaukar hemoglobin zuwa glucose ba ya faruwa nan da nan. Sabili da haka, don ingantaccen saka idanu na metabolism metabolism a cikin masu ciwon sukari tare da ciwon sukari 1, ana gudanar da binciken kowane watanni biyu zuwa uku, kuma tare da ciwon sukari 2 - sau ɗaya a kowane watanni shida. An shawarci mata masu juna biyu da masu ciwon sukari suyi duba jini na glycosylated hemoglobin a ƙarshen farkon watanni uku - a makonni 10-12, amma wannan bincike bai kamata ya zama babba ba.

HbAlc na yau da kullun don masu ciwon sukari ya fi yadda mutane ke da lafiya, amma bai kamata ba - 7%. HbAlc na 8-10% ya nuna cewa magani bai isa ba ko kuma ba daidai ba ne, ciwon mara yana da rauni sosai, kuma mara lafiyar yana cikin haɗarin rikice-rikice, HbAlc - 12% - ba a rama ciwon sukari ba. Yawan yana canzawa don mafi kyawun wata ɗaya ko biyu bayan daidaituwa na glucose.

Wani lokacin bincike don glycosylated haemoglobin ba daidai bane. Yana bada sakamako mai kyau ko kuma mummunan sakamako mara kyau:

• a kowane yanayi. A cikin wasu mutane, rabon tsakanin HbA1C da matsakaicin glucose ba daidaitacce ba - tare da glucose mai haɓaka, HbA1C al'ada ce kuma akasin haka,
• a cikin mutane da anemia,
• a cikin marasa lafiya tare da hypothyroidism. Hormonearancin matakan ƙwayar thyroid yana haɓaka HbA1C, yayin da sukarin jini ya rage a cikin iyakoki na al'ada.

An ba da shawara cewa haemoglobin glycosylated yana da ƙananan yaudara idan mai ciwon sukari ya sha ɗimbin yawa na bitamin C da E. Ko dai ba a tabbatar da bitamin da amincin binciken ba. Amma idan kun kasance a cikin shakka ko kun riga kun sami sakamako na dubious, kar ku ɗauki bitamin watanni uku kafin gwaji don HbA1C.

HR haemoglobin a lokacin daukar ciki

Yawan sukari na jini yana tashi a cikin matan da basu da ciwon sukari. Amma hanyoyin da aka saba don gano ko komai yana cikin tsari tare da metabolism metabolism a cikin mata masu ciki ba koyaushe suke aiki ba. Babu gwajin jinin haila mai sauki ko kuma gwajin haemoglobin da ya dace dasu.

1. A cikin mace mai lafiya, “ƙarancin glucose” ba ya haifar da alamu, kuma wataƙila ba za ta iya sanin cewa tana buƙatar a gwada ta don sukari ba.
2. Azumi sukari a cikin mace mai ciki mai lafiya “yana cudewa” bayan cin abinci, ya kasance sama da yadda ake yi na awa daya zuwa hudu kuma a wannan lokacin yana shafar tayin kuma yana haifar da rikicewar ciwon sukari.

Hemoglobin na Glycated bai dace da ita ba, saboda yana amsa karuwar glucose tare da wani jinkiri mai yawa: HbA1C a cikin jini zai karu da lokacin binciken idan sukarin jini ya kasance sama da al'ada na watanni 2-3. Shin wata mace mai ciki mai watanni shida tana da sukari jini? HbA1C zai nuna shi kafin haihuwar, kuma duk waɗannan watanni ukun da kuke buƙatar sani da sarrafa shi game da ƙara yawan glucose.

Yana da kyau a bincika sukari na jini a cikin mata masu juna biyu bayan cin abinci - sau ɗaya a mako ko aƙalla sau ɗaya a kowane mako biyu. Wadanda ke da damar za su iya yin gwajin haɓakar glucose. An yi shi a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje, kuma yana wuce awa biyu. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce auna sukari a kai a kai tare da glucometer a cikin rabin awa - awa daya da rabi bayan cin abinci, kuma idan ya wuce 8.0 mmol / l, lokaci yayi da za a rage shi.

Tarurrukan HbA1C

An shawarci masu ciwon sukari don cimmawa da kuma kula da HbA1C a - 7%. A wannan yanayin, ana ɗaukar cutar sankara da kyau, kuma da yiwuwar rikice-rikice ƙananan. Ga tsofaffi tsofaffi masu fama da ciwon sukari, kashi 7.5-8% ko ma sama da hakan ana ɗauka cewa al'ada ce. Hypoglycemia ya fi haɗari a gare su fiye da yiwuwar haɓaka matsanancin rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari.

An shawarci likitoci, yara, matasa, matasa da mata masu juna biyu da su yi ƙoƙarin kiyaye HbA1C a cikin kashi 6.5%, kuma mafi dacewa kusanci ne ga mutanen da ke da ƙoshin lafiya, kamar yadda ke ƙasa da 5%. Idan ka rage HbA1C da akalla 1%, to, ana rage yawan haɗarin masu ciwon sukari:

Af, shine bincike don glycosylated haemoglobin wanda ke taimakawa sarrafa cutar a cikin matasa. Kafin gwaje-gwaje da aka shirya, wasu matasa masu ciwon sukari sun fara bin abincin, suna shan magungunan rage sukari sosai, kuma suna "haɓaka" matakan sukari a wasu hanyoyi. Amma tare da bincike akan HbA1C wannan ba zaiyi aiki ba! Duk abin da za ku yi, amma idan an ɗaukaka shi, babu shakka likita zai ga yadda mai ciwon sukari ya kula da lafiyar sa a cikin watanni ukun da suka gabata.

Menene gemocosylated haemoglobin ya nuna?

Glycated haemoglobin ana kiranta glycated. A zahiri, sakamakon binciken ya nuna a cikin kashi nawa yawan hemoglobin yake da alaƙa da glucose.

Hemoglobin wani sinadari ne a cikin jini wanda aikin sa shine daidaita dukkan sel dukkansu da iskan oxygen. Idan glycosylated haemoglobin ya haɓaka, wannan aikin ba shi da kyau, kuma akwai haɗarin cutar sukari.

Tunda sakamakon binciken an bayar dashi kashi, al'ada ga manya da yara iri daya ne. Abincin na mako-mako ba zai iya yaudare shi ba, wanda ya zama ruwan dare gama gari tsakanin matasa. Duk abin da aka ci cikin watanni uku yana nunawa a cikin yanayin glycosylated haemoglobin a cikin jini.

A cikin bincike, ana kiran wannan sakamako mafi yawanci a matsayin HbA1C, amma ana iya karɓar wannan nau'in rikodi kamar "hemoglobin A1C", kuma ana iya samun "haemoglobin hba1c" a cikin binciken. Wani lokacin kalmar hemoglobin ana cire baki ɗaya.

Akwai tebur na musamman wanda zaku iya kwatanta sakamakon sakamako na bincike tare da abubuwan glucose. Don haka, idan bincike ya nuna 4%, wannan yana nuna cewa 3.8 mmol / L na glucose ya kasance a matsakaici da ke cikin jini a cikin watanni uku da suka gabata. Rarraba na HbA1C da abubuwan glucose a cikin mmol / L an ba su ƙasa:

Adadin glycosylated haemoglobin

Bayan mun gano yadda yawan glucose yayi daidai da hawan jini wanda yake da alaƙa da shi, zamuyi la’akari da ƙimar da yakamata a samu cikin mutum mai lafiya ko mai ciwon sukari wanda ake kulawa dashi akai-akai.

1. Idan kashi na haemoglobin da ke hade da glucose ya ƙaranci 5.7, wannan yana nufin cewa kana da ingantaccen jihar ƙoshin lafiya, ana aiwatar da haɓakar carbohydrate daidai, kuma babu haɗarin ciwon sukari.
2. Idan glycosylated haemoglobin yana ɗan ƙara haɓaka: 5.7 - 6.0%, yana da kyau canzawa zuwa tsarin abinci mai ƙarancin ƙwayar carbohydrate. Dole ne a yi hakan don hana cutar siga. Kodayake haɗarin karɓar ta ya kasance ƙarami, yana da mahimmanci a hankali.
3. Sakamakon sakamako na 6.0-6.4%, sauya sheka zuwa abinci mai karancin-abinci da ingantacciyar hanyar rayuwa yana da mahimmanci. Ba za ku iya kashewa ba. Hadarin kamuwa da cutar siga ya yi yawa sosai.
4. Idan, bayan ƙayyade maganin gemocosylated haemoglobin, yawanta ya wuce 6.5, likita na iya fara binciken cutar sankara. Don fayyace shi, ba shakka, har yanzu ana buƙatar ƙarin hanyoyin.
5. Za'a iya ɗaukar raunin hemoglobin na glycosylated ga masu ciwon sukari daban-daban don kafofin daban-daban. Gabaɗaya, sun ce tare da abun cikin HbA1C wanda bai wuce 7% ba, ana rama ciwon sukari kuma yanayin yana da tsayayye. Amma wasu likitoci, alal misali, kamar Dr. Bernstein, suna jayayya cewa ya kamata masu ciwon sukari su yi ƙoƙari don nuna alama na 4.2 zuwa 4.6%. Guda tazara iri ce ta halayen mutane masu lafiya, kuma masu ciwon sukari ya kamata su kusance shi. Koyaya, a cikin neman biyan diyya, bazai lura da haɗarin haɗarin hypoglycemia ba. Don guje wa wannan, kuna buƙatar haɓaka abincin ku kuma koya don kula da daidaituwa tsakanin sukari da hauhawar jini.

Yadda ake ɗaukar gwaji don hawan jini?

Tunda binciken gemocated haemoglobin yafi sauki da sauri fiye da haƙuri na glucose, yawancin marasa lafiya sun fi son adana lokaci da ƙoƙari. Kuna iya samun lokacin yin gwajin jini a kowane lokaci na rana. Glycosylation amfanin:

• Jarabawar ba na tilas ba ce a ɗauka a kan komai a ciki da safe. Ba ya kula da abincin da aka ɗauka yanzu. Ana iya wucewa ko da bayan gwagwarmaya ta jiki, alal misali, horo a cikin dakin motsa jiki, bayan ranar aiki ko kuma wani lokacin da ya dace da rana.
• Ba ya amsawa ga karkacewar wucin gadi, kamar, alal misali, sanyi, gajiya, ko kamuwa da cuta na lokaci. Shan magunguna game da waɗannan cututtukan kuma binciken ba a kama shi ba. Magungunan ciwon sukari kawai ke shafar sakamakon
• Bayar da gudummawar jini don sukari, wanda aka yi akan komai a ciki, ba shi da ƙima fiye da na haemoglobin glycosylated.
• Yawan adadin haemoglobin yana nuni da cewa al'ada a cikin mata masu ɗauke da haemoglobin daidai take da na maza.
• Yana bayar da cikakken hoto game da abincin (ko rashinsa) na mai haƙuri a cikin watanni uku da suka gabata.
• Masu bincike da sauri, a sauƙaƙe ga duka mara lafiya da likita.

Rashin dacewar bincike

Duk da cewa binciken yana da wasu fa'idodi masu yawa, to, ba shakka, ba shi da kyau.

1. Idan aka kwatanta da gwajin glucose na al'ada, gwajin ya fi tsada.
2. Bai dace da mutanen da ke fama da matsananciyar wahala da haemoglobinopathy ba.
3. Rarraba kawai a cikin asibitocin kirki, sakamakon wanda aka rage yawan amfani a yankuna masu nisa.
4. Zaɓin da bai dace ba ga mata masu ciki a matsayi: hawan jini a cikin mata masu juna biyu yana nuna ƙara yawan sukari ne kawai bayan watanni 3, kuma a wannan lokacin ana iya ɗaukar matakan kawar da karkacewa daga al'ada. Bugu da kari, sukarin jini a cikin mahaifiyar zai fara girma ne kawai daga wata na shida, saboda cewa glycosylated haemoglobin zai nuna wannan ne kawai lokacin isar.
5. Dalilin da ya sa glycosylated haemoglobin ya haɗu na iya rinjayar ta yawan adadin hormones na jini.

Yakamata mutane masu lafiya suyi gwajin HbA1C a kalla sau daya a cikin shekaru uku, a cikin masu ciwon sukari wannan lokaci ya ragu zuwa watanni uku.

Glycated da glycosylated haemoglobin: menene bambanci

Ana amfani da sharuddan da yawa don nufin batun jikunanan kwayoyin halittar jini da carbohydrates:

• karinkikini
• glycated
• glycogemoglobin,
• hba1c.

A zahiri, duk waɗannan sharuɗɗan suna ɗaukar ma'ana daidai. Amma akwai banbanci tsakanin su:

• glycosylated haemoglobin - a fili tsakanin glucose da sel jini ta hanyar fallasa enzymes,
• glycated haemoglobin - haɗi tsakanin glucose da sel jini ba tare da haɗuwa da abubuwa na ƙasashen waje ba.

Sakamakon conglomerate ya zama babu makawa, saboda haka za'a iya ƙaddara shi cikin sauƙi ta amfani da gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje. Kwayoyin halittar jan jini da ke hade da sukari za su kewaya tare da shi duk kwanaki 120. Sabili da haka, mataimakin dakin gwaje-gwaje na iya ƙayyade tsawon lokacin da dauki zai ɗauka, da kuma yadda aka samar da manyan taro yayin hulɗa da haemoglobin tare da carbohydrates.

Halin glycation wanda ke faruwa a cikin jiki ana kiran shi a cikin vivo. A gare ta, babu buƙatar haɗuwa da kowane enzymes. Sabili da haka, ma'anar ma'anar ita ce mafi dacewa kuma abin dogara.

Glycosylated haemoglobin: al'ada ce ga mata da shekarunta a cikin tebur

Ga mata, sabuntawar jini lokaci-lokaci halaye ne. Wannan saboda haila ne. Wasu abubuwa masu kamannin jiki suna fita jikin jikin mace. Hakanan ana samun canji a cikin wannan alamar a cikin mata masu juna biyu, tunda sun samar da ƙarin da'irar zagayawa jini a cikin mahaifa da yanayin canje-canje na hormonal. A lokacin daukar ciki, akwai hadarin kamuwa da cutar siga ta mahaifa.

Matsayi na alamar yana dogara da shekarun mace; an gabatar dashi a tebur.

Shekaru 40 zuwa 60

Daga shekara 61 da sama

Da mazan matar, mafi girman ikon jan jini Kwayoyin hada da sukari. Metabolism yana ƙaruwa da shekaru, kuma aikin insulin ya ba da umurni don aika glucose zuwa ƙwayoyin da aka yi niyya yana raguwa. Saboda haka, alamu suna karuwa.

Idan adadin masu nuna alamar ya wuce 6.5%, likita zai ba da shawarar gano cutar sankarau. Don tabbatar da shi, wajibi ne don gudanar da jerin nazarin dakin gwaje-gwaje wadanda suka tabbatar ko musanta cutar.

Glycosylated haemoglobin: al'ada ce ga maza da shekarunta a cikin tebur

Ga maza, ƙarin alamun amintattu halaye ne. Tare da shekaru, metabolism ragewa kawai bayan shekaru 50. Sabili da haka, ana ƙaruwa da nuna alama yayin isa zuwa wannan zamani.

An gabatar da matakin al'ada ga maza a cikin tebur da ke ƙasa.

Shekaru 51 zuwa 60

Daga shekara 61 da sama

Dalilin wucewa mai nuna alama shine mawuyaci a cikin ɓoye abubuwan ɓoye abubuwa ta hanyar kodan. Jiki yana aiki mafi muni, saboda haka, yana tarawa cikin jini kuma yana haɗuwa da sel jini. Alamar tana da nasaba da tsofaffi, maza da mata.

Matsayi na al'ada na glycosylated haemoglobin (hba1c) ana ƙaddara ta IFCC (Federationungiyar Internationalasa ta ofwararrun Clinical Chemistry da Medic Laboratory).

Glycosylated haemoglobin ya ƙaru: menene ma'anarsa

Babban dalilin wuce alamomin shine ciwon sukari. Yawancin carbohydrates a cikin jini, da yawa ana rarraba su a cikin hanyoyin ruwa, kuma suna tara kwayoyin halittar jini. Baya ga wannan, dalilai masu zuwa na iya haifar da yanayi:

• shiga cikin jinin abubuwa na shafar shi mai guba (ethyl barasa, sunadarai),
• anemia, sakamakon wanda adadin kwayoyin halittar jini jini ke raguwa, yawancinsu suna haɗuwa da sukari,
• kwatankwacin saifa, wanda a cikin mutum mai lafiya shine wurin zubar da gawawwakin jajayen jini (sel jini za su haɓaka cikin jini, a haɗa tare da glucose),
• gazawar koda, wanda sashin jikin ba zai iya yin aikin cire abubuwa masu yawa ba, glucose zai tara a cikin jini da kyallen takarda, wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwa cikin ƙima.
• ƙarancin ingancin kula da masu ciwon sukari mellitus ko cikakkiyar rashi, sakamakon wanda matakin glucose a cikin jini zai wuce ƙimar halatta, saboda haka zai haɗu da ƙwayoyin baƙin ƙarfe a saman ƙwayoyin jan jini.

Idan likita, tare da mai haƙuri, sun gano wuce haddi na mai nuna ɗanɗano sama da ƙimar halatta, wannan yana nuna wata cuta a cikin jikin mutum. Sugarara yawan sukari na iya haifar da rikice-rikice, haifar da lalacewa a cikin ingancin haƙuri na rayuwa.

Glycosylated haemoglobin saukar da: menene ma'anar ta

Halin da ake ciki ba shi da kullun idan aka ƙaddara mai ƙarancin halayen halayen. Wannan na iya zama saboda yanayi da cututtuka masu zuwa:

• karancin jini a jiki, alal misali, ta hanyar cikin mahaifa, hanjin ciki, da ciki, lokacin da yawan jinin mutum ya ragu a hankali,
• babban hasara na jini, wanda mutum a lokaci guda yakan rasa mafi yawan ruwan dake cikin jikin mutum,
• zub da jini daga mai karɓa zuwa mai ba da gudummawa, lokacin da aka nuna wa mai nuna alama tare da ƙwayoyin jan jini waɗanda ba su da sukari,
• anaemia, wanda ke faruwa saboda dalilai daban-daban, wanda shine adadin ƙwayoyin jan jini ya ragu, don haka ƙaramin sashi na iya haɗawa da carbohydrates,
• rage yawan ci glucose a cikin jiki, wanda zai iya faruwa saboda matsananciyar yunwar, ba tare da rage cin abinci na carbohydrate ba,
• cututtukan da ke haifar da cututtukan jini.

Don tantance yanayin lafiyar ɗan adam, yana da muhimmanci a ɗauki gwaje-gwaje na lokaci-lokaci. Da yawa daga cikinsu na iya gano cutar cikin lokaci. Idan maida hankali na carbohydrates a cikin jini ya tashi ko faduwa, wanda ya ƙetare al'ada, wannan na iya haifar da rikitarwa na jiki. Sabili da haka, gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje muhimmin mahimmanci ne a cikin ganewar asali.

Karanta game da wace hanya mafi ƙididdige jini!