Tabbatar da glycosylated haemoglobin a cikin jini: jigon hanyoyin

Clinical mahimmancin ƙudurin glycated haemoglobin
Glycated haemoglobin, ko glycogemoglobin (a takaice dai aka nuna: haemogbinbin A1c, Hba1c) Alamar jinin haila ce wacce ke nuna matsakaicin farin jini na wani tsawan lokaci (har zuwa watanni uku), sabanin auna glucose na jini, wanda ke ba da ra'ayin matakin glucose jini kawai a lokacin binciken.
Gemoglobin da ke cikin jini na haskakawa da yawan jinin haemoglobin da ke da alaƙa da kwayoyin glucose. Glycated haemoglobin ana yin sa ne sakamakon tasirin Maillard tsakanin haemoglobin da glucose na jini. Haɓaka glucose na jini a cikin ciwon sukari yana haɓaka wannan amsawar, wanda ke haifar da haɓaka matakin gemoclobin glycated a cikin jini. Rayuwar rayuwar sel jajayen jini (kwayoyin jini), wanda ya qunshi haemoglobin, a qalla kwanaki 120-125. Abin da ya sa matakin glycated haemoglobin yana nuna matsakaicin matakin glycemia na kimanin watanni uku.
Glycated haemoglobin alama ce ta haɗe ta glycemia tsawon watanni uku. Mafi girman matakin hawan jini, glycemia mafi girma a cikin watanni ukun da suka gabata kuma, gwargwadon haka, babbar hadarin bunkasa rikitar cututtukan siga.
Ana yin amfani da bincike game da cutar haemoglobin yawanci don kimanta ingancin maganin cutar siga a cikin watanni ukun da suka gabata. Tare da babban matakin cutar haemoglobin, gyaran magani (insulin farjin ko allunan rage sukari) da maganin rage cin abinci ya kamata a aiwatar da su.
Valuesimar al'ada sune HbA1c daga 4% zuwa 5.9%. A cikin ciwon sukari, matakin HbA1c ya tashi, wanda ke nuna haɗarin mafi girma na haɓakar retinopathy, nephropathy da sauran rikitarwa. Diungiyar Ciwon Ruwa ta Duniya ta ba da shawarar kiyaye matakan HbA1c a ƙasa da 6.5%. Valueimar HbA1c a cikin sama da 8% yana nufin cewa ciwon sukari ba shi da kulawa sosai kuma ya kamata a canza shi.

Karatun nazari

Glycosylated ko glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) alama ce da ke nuna matakin glucose a cikin jini a cikin watanni 1-2-3 da suka gabata. Babban alamomi don amfani: lura da yanayin ciwon sukari (1 lokaci a cikin watanni 3), lura da tasiri na lura da ciwon sukari, mai nuna alamar haɗarin rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari.
Glycosylated ko glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) haɗuwa ne na haemoglobin A da glucose, wanda aka haɗu a cikin jikin ba tare da enzymatically ba. Aƙalla kusan 5-8% na haemoglobin a cikin sel jini yana ɗaure sosai zuwa cikin ƙwayar glucose. Tsarin glucose ban da kwayoyin haemoglobin tsari ne na al'ada, amma yayin rayuwar kwayar jan jini tare da haɓaka abubuwan glucose na jini na tsawon lokaci, wannan adadin yana ƙaruwa. Wadannan nau'ikan kwayoyin haemoglobin ana kiransu glycosylated. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan haemoglobins na glycosylated (HbAIa, HbAIb, HbAIc). An yi imani da cewa haemoglobin - HbA1c (saboda yawan ƙididdigar sa) yana da mahimmancin mahimmancin asibiti. Hankalin glycosylated haemoglobin ya dogara da taro na glucose a cikin jini. Ganin cewa erythrocyte yana da matsakaicin tsawon rayuwa na kwanaki 120, ƙudurin abun da ke cikin HbA1c zai nuna matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙwayar ƙwayar jini na watanni 1-2-3 kafin binciken.
Baya ga haemoglobin, hanyoyin da ke gaba suna ƙarƙashin glycation: albumin, collagen, sunadaran ruwan tabarau na ido, canja wurin, sunadarai na erythrocyte da sauran sunadarai da enzymes masu yawa, wanda ke haifar da rushewar ayyukansu da haɓakar ciwon sukari na mellitus.
Healthungiyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya ta san da ƙudurin cutar glycosylated hemoglobin kamar yadda ya zama dole don kula da ciwon sukari sau ɗaya a kowane watanni 3.
Eterayyadadden HbA1c yana ba ku damar kula da abubuwan glucose tsakanin ziyarar likita. Mafi girman abin da ke cikin HbA1c na mai haƙuri, mafi muni shine an sarrafa hankali na glucose.
Normalization na matakin HbA1c a cikin jini yana faruwa a makonni 4-6 bayan isa matakan glucose na al'ada. Lokacin da ake lura da lura da cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, ana bada shawara don kula da matakin ƙwayar haemoglobin da ke ƙasa da 7% kuma sake duba lafiyar idan ya fi 8% (bisa ga hanyar ƙaddara HbA1c tare da ƙimar al'ada tsakanin 4-6%).
Ana amfani da haemoglobin na Glycated a matsayin mai nuna alamun haɗarin haɓakar rikitar ciwon sukari.
Dabi'u na iya bambanta tsakanin dakunan gwaje-gwaje dangane da hanyar nazarin da ake amfani da shi, saboda haka saka idanu cikin kuzari ya fi dacewa a aiwatar da su a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje guda ɗaya ko a kalla ta hanyar guda.
Sakamakon gwaji za'a iya canza shi a cikin kowane yanayi wanda ya shafi matsakaicin rayuwar rayuwar sel jini. Zubda jini ko haemolysis yana haifar da raguwar karya a cikin sakamakon HbA1c. Zubda jini shima yana gurbata sakamako. Tare da karancin anemia na baƙin ƙarfe, ana lura da karuwar karya akan HbA1c.

Tsarin bincike

• Ya kamata a bayyana wa mai haƙuri cewa binciken zai kimanta tasiri na maganin antidiabetic.
• Ya kamata a yi gargadin cewa don binciken ya zama dole a ɗauki samfurin jini kuma a faɗi waye kuma a yaushe ne zai ɗauki jini daga jijiya.

• Bayan huda, jijiyoyin jiki suna tattara jini a cikin bututu tare da EDTA.
• Ana matse wurin da ke tare da sinadarin ƙwallon auduga har sai zubar jinni ta tsaya.
• Tare da samuwar hematoma a rukunin dabinon daji, an wajabta yin amfani da damfara don dumama.
• An wajabta mai haƙuri a sake yin gwaji bayan makonni 6-8.

• A yadda aka saba, abun ciki na gemocosylated haemoglobin shine kashi 4.0 - 5.2% na jimami na haemoglobin.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamakon binciken

• Abubuwa masu rarrabuwa

Rashin ingantaccen samfurin jini - isasshen jini hade da inrokolin anticoagulant (EDTA).

• Abubuwan da ke Resultsara Sakamakon Sakamako
  • Carbamylated haemoglobin (wanda aka kirkira a cikin marasa lafiya tare da uremia).
  • Hydrochlorothiazide.
  • Indapamide.
  • Morphine.
  • Propranolol.
  • Ingantattun abubuwa na Qarya

Hemoglobin F (tayi) da tsaka-tsakin labile na iya haifar da ƙaruwa cikin sakamako.
Glycated haemoglobin. Tattaunawa don glycosylated haemoglobin. Anauki bincike don haɓaka sukari na jini
Tebur Darasi na Nazarin
Gemocated hawan jini (HbA1c)

Farashin (farashin bincike) ba a jera shi ba na ɗan lokaci akan gidan yanar gizon mu.
A dangane da sabunta kayan lantarki na shafin.

Glucose yana ma'amala da sunadarai (gami da haemoglobin) tare da samuwar schiff. Saboda haka, kowane ƙarawa na ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin tattarawar glucose a cikin jini yana barin alamar da ke fitowa ta hanyar ƙara haɓaka gemocosylated haemoglobin. HbA1 ya ƙunshi abubuwa guda uku HbA1a, HbA1b, HbA1c. Da yawa, HbA1c ya ci nasara.

Matsayi na HbA1c yana nuna yanayin hyperglycemia wanda ya faru yayin rayuwar kwayar jan jini ta tsawon rayuwa (har zuwa kwanaki 120). Kwayoyin halittar ja da ke yaduwa a cikin jini suna da shekaru daban-daban, sabili da haka, don halayen matsakaici na matakan glucose, rabin-rayuwar rayuwar sel jini- ja ne yake jagorar su. Don haka, matakin gemoclobin mai narkewa yana nuna abin da yawan haɗuwar glucose ya kasance a cikin makonni 4-8 da suka gabata kuma wannan alama ce ta biyan bashin metabolism a wannan lokacin. Aunawa da maida hankali ga HbA1 yana ba da izinin sake dubawa game da tsananin tasirin cutar ciwan ƙwararraki a cikin ciwon suga. Tasirin glycosylation ba ya dogara da rawar jiki na yau da kullun na yawan motsa jiki a cikin matakan glucose a cikin jini ba, kan aikin motsa jiki na jiki, yanayin abinci, aikin jiki kuma ya dogara ne kawai da girma da tsawon lokacin hyperglycemia. A cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari mellitus tare da m hyperglycemia, maida hankali ne HbA1c yana ƙaruwa sosai. Ana kula da ciwon sukari tare da magunguna waɗanda ke rage glucose na jini kawai ga wani ƙarancin lokaci, don haka yana da matukar muhimmanci a zaɓi irin waɗannan hanyoyin kulawa da waɗanda zasu sami daidaitaccen daidaituwar ƙwayar cutar glycemia. Darajar nazarin gemocosylated haemoglobin a cikin ciwon sukari shine cewa HbA1c yana nuna wani matsakaicin matakin glucose a cikin jini tsawon lokaci, wanda yake daidai da rabin rayuwar kwayar haemoglobin. Wannan shine, glycosylated haemoglobin yana nuna matsayin diyya na ciwon sukari a cikin watanni 1-2 da suka gabata. Ana rama mafi kyawun ciwon sukari, ƙananan haɗarin haɓakar rikicewar cututtukan cututtukan fata kamar lalacewar ido - retinopathy, lalacewar koda - nephropathy, lalacewar jijiyoyin gefe da jijiyoyin jini wanda ke haifar da gangrene. Don haka, mahimmancin dabarun magance ciwon sukari shine tabbatar da cewa an kiyaye glucose a matakan al'ada. Auna suga na sukari a cikin farin jinni yana ba ka damar tantance matakin glucose na lokaci-lokaci, shawarar HbA1c tana ba da haɗewar ra'ayi game da matakin glycemia.

Al'ada: 3.5-7.0 μM fructose / g haemoglobin ko 3.9 - 6.2%

Determinationudurin HbA1c yana da matukar mahimmanci a cikin mata masu fama da ciwon sukari lokacin da suke shirin daukar ciki da lokacin daukar ciki. An tabbatar da cewa matakin HbA1c na tsawon watanni 6 kafin ɗaukar ciki kuma yayin farkon watanni na ciki ya dace da sakamakon sa. Controluntataccen ikon sarrafawa a matakin glycemia yana rage yiwuwar rikicewar tayin daga 33% zuwa 2%.

Hanya don tabbatar da glycosylated haemoglobin a cikin jini

Glycosylated haemoglobin - haɗin haɗi tsakanin sel jan jini da carbohydrate. Ta zama ba za a iya ɓata ta ba. Sabili da haka, likita zai iya gano alamun da ke riƙe jini cikin rayuwar rayuwar ƙwayoyin jan jini (watanni 3). A daki-daki game da abin da glycosylated haemoglobin yake.

Don gano abubuwan da ke nuna alama, suna ba da gudummawar jini don bincike. Wani ƙwayar cuta mai ɗorewa ko ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta dace da wannan.

Bayan ɗaukar kayan nazarin halittu, an ƙara abu a cikin bututun gwaji wanda ke hana coagulation jini. Idan kwayar cutar tayi, cigaba da bincike ba zai yiwu ba. Abun da ke cikin shambura sun cakuda sosai, kawai sai a saka su cikin nazari. Yana lissafin mai nuna atomatik, kuma yana samar da bayanai akan tsarin binciken.

Amfani da na'urar tana cire yiwuwar kuskuren likita a cikin lissafin adadin abubuwan da suke buƙata. Wannan shine, irin waɗannan bayanan zasu zama mafi abin dogara. Amma don tabbatar da adadin mai nuna alama, ana ba da shawarar yin binciken sau biyu. Bayan karɓar alamun guda ɗaya, gwajin yana ɗauka amintacce ne.

Glycosylated Cututtukan Haemoglobin

An fito da nau'ikan na'urori da yawa, wanda zaka iya tantance alamun daban-daban game da magudanan kwayoyin halittar mutum. Akwai na'urori da yawa don tantance glycosylated haemoglobin.

• Kwalalin ƙwayar cuta. Jini ya kasu kashi da yawa wanda aka bincika aka ba mai nuna alama.
• Ion musayar chromatograph Rarrabe ions cikin kwayoyin. Bayan daɗaɗaɗaɗɗannun lambobi, yana yiwuwa a auna wasu juzu'ai. Misalin irin wannan kayan aikin shine mai bincika don tantance glycosylated haemoglobin D10.
• Makamashin. Eterayyade mai nuna alama ta hanyar auna abubuwan da ke cikin jini a cikin hulɗa tsakanin hadaddun kwayoyin rigakafi.
• Analyarancin masu nazarin. Zaɓaɓɓe daga kowane haƙuri don amfanin gida. Don bincike, ana buƙatar ƙaramin adadin jinin abin kwalliya, wanda aka samu ta hanyar sokin fata tare da sassaka. Na'urar ta dogara ne da nau'in photometry, auna ma'aunin igiyar ruwa. Kowannensu yana da kyalli (luminescence), wanda ke ƙayyade ainihin sakamakon mai nuna alama. Karanta cikakken sharhi na masu nazarin jinin gida.

Idan mai haƙuri yana da matsalolin kiwon lafiya, jininsa na jini lokaci-lokaci, likita ya ba da shawarar siyan masaniyar gida. Glycosylated hemoglobin kayan haɓaka ya kamata ya zama da sauƙin amfani don duk masu haƙuri suyi amfani da su.

Reagents don ƙaddarawar glycosylated haemoglobin

Kit ɗin yana ɗauke da waɗannan ƙananan buƙatun waɗanda ake buƙata don ƙwaro na chromatography:

• jami'ai na hana sutura, alal misali, EDTA,
• haemolytic jamiái waɗanda ke lalata glucose jan jini sel,
• bayani mai - ruwa wanda ke kula da tushen-acid na mafita,
• maganin acetic acid - ruwan da ake bukata don cire abubuwan da suka wuce haddi a cikin kayan gwajin,
• samfurin sarrafawa - wajibi ne don kwatanta sakamako tare da ƙa'idar aiki,
• Na'urar atomatik, wacce ke da na'urar tantancewa.

Abubuwan da ke sama na iya zama na kamfanoni daban-daban, amma manufar su ta kasance iri ɗaya ce. Kowane tsarin ƙuduri na glycosylated haemoglobin a cikin jini ya haɗa da umarnin don amfani.

Tabbatar da glycosylated haemoglobin a cikin jini gaba daya

Dole ne likita ya gargadi mara lafiya yadda za a ɗauki gwaji don ƙayyade haemoglobin glycosylated a cikin jini gaba ɗaya.

Don gwajin, an ƙara abu a cikin bututun gwajin da ke hana ɗaukar jini. Aka hada jini gaba daya. Matsakaicin ya kamata iri ɗaya. Sakamakon mafita an cakuda shi sosai. Don haka, an ƙirƙiri taro na erythrocyte, wanda dole ne a ɗauka tare da pipette kuma a canza shi zuwa bututun gwaji inda wurin hemolytic yake. Ruwan da aka samu daga gauraye ya gauraye da kuma nace. A wannan lokacin, ana aiwatar da tsari na haemolysis, wato, an lalata sel jini, kawai glucose ya rage. An ƙaddara shi da na'urar.

Tabbatar da glycosylated haemoglobin a cikin jini

Magani shine kayan jinin mutum da aka samo daga jini gaba daya. Don wannan, an sanya samfurin a cikin bututun gwaji kuma an saita shi a cikin centrifuge. Tana aiki da sauri. Bayan minti 10, an dakatar da kayan aikin. Wani ruwa mai launin shuɗi ya zauna a saman bututun, wanda yake shine. An sanya abubuwan da aka suturta da juna akan ɗaya, saboda haka wannan ɓangaren zai sami launin toka.

Gwajin yana ci gaba a matakai da yawa:

• magani, hawan hemoglobin, tsarkakakken ruwa an kara shi a cikin bututu
• dabam haɗe da samfurin sarrafawa wanda ya ƙunshi serum da ruwa distilled,
• duk kwantena biyu sun nace, sannan a sanya su cikin babban saiti,
• a saman bututu, rawaya ruwan ruwa na ruwan da ya ragu an cire shi kuma ana haɗuwa da sulfate ammonium.

Sakamakon ya kasance ruwa mai gudana daga jijiyoyin jini, wanda za'a iya bincika akan photoelectrocolorimeter. Wannan na'urar ce wacce ke tantance igiyar ruwa. Bayanin da aka samo daga gare ta an saka shi cikin tsari don gano ƙonewa. Wajibi ne don tantance abu a kowace lita na jini.

Tabbatar da glycosylated haemoglobin a cikin ciwon sukari

Alamar da ke nuna ma'anar ta bayyana ne kawai a cikin wani lokaci daidai yake da watanni 3. Sabili da haka, ana gudanar da binciken ne baki daya. Yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da sake nazarin bayan 'yan kwanaki don tabbatar da sakamakon. Amma duk da wannan, bayanan da aka samu suna da alaƙa da ingantaccen sakamako. Dangane da su, likita zai iya yin hukunci da sigogi masu zuwa:

• ingancin magani, wanda aka daidaita yayin karɓar bayanan mara kyau,
• cin zarafin mai haƙuri daga cikin ka'idoji na aiwatarwa don hyperglycemia, wanda ya haɗa da amfani da carbohydrates, motsa jiki na aiki, damuwa mai juyayi.

Mahimmanci! Tare da hyperglycemia, ana ba da shawarar don auna matakan glucose lokaci-lokaci ta amfani da mita glucose na gida. Glycosylated gwajin yana da labari sau ɗaya kawai a cikin kwanaki 120.

Ciwon sukari mellitus cuta ce mai haɗari wacce aka haɗu tare da rikice-rikice waɗanda ke rage matsayin mai haƙuri, ko haifar da mutuwarsa. An ba da shawarar yin amfani da magani a kan lokaci, bi ga abincin. Eterayyade glycosylated haemoglobin ya ba likita damar kimanta ingancin ilimin, don daidaita shi.

Glycosylated haemoglobin - menene?

Bari mu bincika daki-daki ma'anar ma'anar haemoglobin ma'anar glycosylated. Kwayoyin halittar jini suna ɗauke da takamaiman furotin mai ɗauke da baƙin ƙarfe, wanda ya isa don jigilar oxygen da carbon dioxide. Glucose (sukari, carbohydrates) na iya haɗuwa tare da shi ba tare da enzymatically ba, yana samar da glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C). Ana inganta wannan tsari da haɓaka yawan sukari (hyperglycemia). Matsakaicin rayuwar rayuwar sel jini yana kan matsakaita kimanin kwanaki 95 - 120, don haka matakin HbA1C yana nuna hadewar glucose a cikin watanni 3 da suka gabata. Ka'idar glycosylated haemoglobin a cikin jini shine kashi 4-6 cikin dari na duka matakan kuma yayi dace da abun da keɓaɓɓen sukari na 3-5 mm / l. Abubuwan da suka haifar da haɓaka sune da farko suna da alaƙa da take hakkin metabolism da kuma glucose na jini na tsawon lokaci a cikin jini a cikin waɗannan yanayi:

• Ciwon sukari nau'in mellitus 1 (insulin-dogara) - tare da rashi na insulin (hormone na ciki), yin amfani da carbohydrates ta hanyar ƙwayoyin jikin mutum yana rushewa, wanda ke haifar da karuwa mai yawa a cikin taro.
• Nau'in 2 na ciwon sukari mellitus (wanda ba shi da insulin-insulin ba) - yana da alaƙa da amfani da glucose mai wahala yayin samarwa cikin insulin al'ada.
• Rashin kula da matakan carbohydrate mai narkewa wanda ke haifar da tsawan jini.

Sanadin ƙara hawan glycosylated, ba da alaƙa da haɗuwar glucose a cikin jini:

• barasa mai guba
• gubar gishiri
• karancin baƙin ƙarfe
• kawar da baƙin ciki - baƙin ciki shine sashin jikin mutum wanda zubar da sel ya ke faruwa ("hurumi" na sel ja), saboda haka rashi yana haifar da ƙaruwa a cikin matsakaicin rayuwarsu da kuma ƙaruwa a HbA1C,
• uremia - karancin aikin na koda yana haifar da tara samfuran samfuran metabolism a cikin jini da samuwar carbohemoglobin, wanda yake kama da abubuwa a cikin glycosylated.

Sanadin raguwar HbA1C

Rage raguwar haemoglobin alama ce ta mutum, za ta iya faruwa a irin haka:

• Rashin jini mai yawa - tare da hawan jini, al'ada glycosylated shima an rasa.
• Juyawar jini (Zub da jini) - HbA1C an narke shi da kashi na al'ada, wanda ba a haɗa shi da carbohydrates.
• Hemolytic anemia (anaemia) rukuni ne na cututtukan cututtukan zuciya wanda yake rage tsawon lokacin da ake ciki na ƙwayoyin jan jini, kuma ƙwayoyin da ke dauke da cutar HbA1C suma suna mutuwa a baya.
• Hypoglycemia na dogon lokaci - raguwa a cikin glucose.

Ya kamata a tuna cewa lahanin haemoglobin na iya gurbata sakamakon binciken kuma ya ba da karuwa ko karuwa a cikin glycosylated form.

Amfanarwa Idan Aka Kwatanta da Binciken Tsarin Mulki na al'ada

• Cin - yana haifar da ƙaruwa mafi girma a cikin yawan ƙwayar carbohydrate, wanda ya dawo al'ada a cikin 'yan sa'o'i kaɗan.
• Dalilin motsin rai, damuwa, a kan hawan gwajin, yana kara glucose a cikin jini sakamakon samar da kwayoyin halittar da ke kara girmansa.
• Shan magungunan rage sukari, motsa jiki yana rage glucose.

Sabili da haka, gwajin lokaci guda don matakin sukari na iya nuna karuwarsa, wanda ba koyaushe yana nuna kasancewar take hakkin metabolism dinsa ba. Kuma, a musaya, abun ciki na yau da kullun baya nufin cewa babu matsaloli tare da metabolism na carbohydrates. Abubuwan da aka ambata a sama ba su shafar matakin cutar haemoglobin masu rauni. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ma'anar ta ta zama alamu na ainihi a farkon gano cututtukan metabolism na jiki. Alamomi don binciken: Gabaɗaya, ana gudanar da binciken ne don ƙayyade rikice-rikice na rayuwa na carbohydrates kuma an yi shi a cikin waɗannan lokuta:

• Nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari mellitus, tare da raƙuman ruwa mai narkewa a cikin carbohydrates a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.
• Farkon gano ciwon sukari na 2.
• Rashin narkewar motsa jiki a cikin yara.
• Ciwon sukari tare da ƙarancin ƙayyadadden ƙayyadadden lokacin ƙuruciya, lokacin da kodan ke motsa wani sashi mai yawa na carbohydrates.
• A cikin matan da suka yi juna biyu kuma waɗanda suka kamu da cutar sankarau, nau'in 1 ko 2 kafin.
• Ciwon sukari na mahaifa - karuwa a cikin sukari na jini yayin daukar ciki, a yanayin da cutar siga bata taba yin irinta ba. Gwajin sukari a wannan yanayin na iya nuna raguwa, tunda wani yanki mai mahimmanci na abubuwan gina jiki daga jini zuwa izuwa tayi.
• Gudanar da magani - darajar glycosylated haemoglobin abun ciki yana nuna yawan sukari a cikin dogon lokaci, wanda ke ba mu damar yin hukunci game da tasirin magani, wanda za a iya daidaita masu ciwon sukari bisa ga sakamakon bincike.

Me yasa yake da mahimmanci don gano rikicewar metabolism na sukari a cikin jiki da wuri-wuri? Prolongara tsawon matakan suga na yin sukari yana haifar da sakamako mai illa ga jiki sakamakon ɗaukar nauyin sunadarai, sune:

1. Rashin lalacewa na ƙwayar HbA1C baya yin aikin jigilar oxygen, wanda ke haifar da tsokar nama da gabobin jiki. Kuma mafi girman wannan alamar, ƙananan matakin oxygen a cikin kyallen takarda.
2. Rashin gani na gani (retinopathy) - daurewar glucose zuwa sunadaran retina da tabarau na ido.
3. Rashin raunin (nephropathy) - ajiya na carbohydrates a cikin tubules na kodan.
4. Pathology na zuciya (cardiopathy) da jijiyoyin jini.
5. Hargitsa gabobin jijiya na ciki (polyneuropathy).

Yadda za a yi bincike?

Don bincike, ana ɗaukar jini gaba daya ta hanyar jini a cikin adadin 2-5 ml kuma an haɗe shi da shi maganin sha wahala don hana ta nadawa. Wannan ya sa ya yiwu a adana har zuwa 1 mako, zazzabi +2 + 5 ° С. Duk wani shawarwari na musamman kafin yin gwajin jini don glycosylated haemoglobin baya buƙatar yin, sabanin gwajin don matakin sukari. Matsakaicin ƙaddarawar wannan ƙirar dakin gwaje-gwaje na cututtukan ƙwayar cutar sankara guda ɗaya ne ga maza da mata, kuma yana haila na watanni 2 zuwa 3 don nau'in I, watanni 6 don nau'in II. A cikin mata masu ciki - iko a makonni 10-12 na ciki tare da gwajin sukari mai mahimmanci.

Fassarar sakamakon bincike

Idan kuna da sha'awar tambaya game da abin da glycosylated haemolobin ke nunawa, to, ƙididdigar dabi'un bincike don tantance matakin HbA1C bashi da wahala. Haɓakawarsa da 1% daga al'ada ya dace da karuwar taro a cikin glucose ta 2 mmol / L. Irin waɗannan alamu na HbA1C tare da daidaitaccen matakin glucose da yanayin metabolism na metabolism an bayyana su a cikin tebur na glycosylated haemoglobin da aka nuna a ƙasa:

Matsakaicin yawan glucose a cikin watanni 3 na ƙarshe, mmol / l

Abin da ke glycosylated haemoglobin

Kulawa da sukari na jini ba sauki ba ne, kuma yawancin hanyoyin suna ba da sakamakon da ba daidai ba. Daga cikin zaɓuɓɓuka masu inganci kuma masu inganci sune binciken gemocosylated haemoglobin. Wannan binciken ya fi aminci fiye da glucose a cikin jini.

Glycosylated haemoglobin wani fili ne wanda ke tantance matsakaicin yawan sukarin jini a cikin kwanakin 120 da suka gabata. Madadin kalmar "glycosylated", ana amfani da "glycated". Waɗannan ƙididdigar kalmomi ma'ana ɗaya ne, kuma duka suna nuna ma'anar haemoglobin da ke da alaƙa da glucose.

Ga masu lafiya da masu ciwon sukari, haɓaka yawan adadin glycogemoglobin da ke cikin jini shine lokaci don zuwa asibiti. Likita zai ba da hanya na kwantar da hankali ko ba ku shawara ku yi aiki kan canje-canjen rayuwa. Don hana cutar, suna ba da abinci na musamman, a cikin abin da kuke buƙatar ku ci kawai abincin da ke kunshe da ƙananan adadin carbohydrates.

Hanyar da za a bincika matakan sukari ta hanyar tantance glycosylated haemoglobin yana da tasiri sosai. Koyaya, har yanzu yana da raguwa guda ɗaya: tasirinsa yana raguwa idan an yi kowane maniyyi da jini.

Misali:

• idan mara lafiya ya shiga cikin zub da jini, hawan jini a cikin mai bayarwa da mutumin da aka tura shi jini zai zama daban,
• raguwa na karya yana faruwa ne bayan zubar jini da hawan jini,
• ana ƙaruwa da ƙaruwa na ƙaruwa da rashin ƙarancin ƙarfe.

Kallon glycogemoglobin zai taimaka idan:

• idan matakin sukari na wanda yake a gwajin yana kan hanya ta al'ada,
• lokacin da mai haƙuri bai bi abincin ba har tsawon watanni 3-4, kuma mako guda kafin binciken ya daina cinye carbohydrates mai cutarwa, yana fata babu wanda zai san game da hakan.

Bayan ganewar asali, nemi likita. Kwararrun zai gaya maka sau nawa yakamata a gwada don kulawa da jiyya. Idan mara lafiya ba ya yin korafi a kan komai, to, kwanakin da aka ziyarta zuwa ofis zuwa endocrinologist likitan ne ya wajabta su. Tsarin rayuwar erythrocyte yana ƙayyade yawan nazarin glycogemoglobin. Dole ne a yi wannan a duk kwanaki 120.

Idan babu gunaguni ko ƙwarin gwiwa mara kyau, to babu ma'ana a ziyarci likita sau da yawa.

• a cikin matasa, glycohemoglobin yakamata ya iyakance ba zai wuce 6.5% ba,
• don tsaka-tsakin shekaru - fiye da 7%,
• na tsofaffi - 7.5%.

Koyaya, yana da ma'ana don yin magana game da irin waɗannan lambobin idan marasa lafiya basu da rikice-rikice kuma babu haɗarin mummunan hypoglycemia. A wata hanyar, mai nuna alama ya kamata ya karu da kashi 0.5% ga kowane rukuni.

Sakamakon ba mai haƙuri da kansa ba. Ya kamata a gudanar da bincike a lokaci guda tare da nazarin glycemia. Matsakaicin darajar glycogemoglobin da ka'idodinta baya bada garantin cewa matakin ba zai canza kwalliya sosai a duk tsawon rana ba. Ga masu juna biyuMatsayin glycohemoglobin a cikin waɗannan mata zai iya bambanta sosai da na al'ada, saboda jikin mahaifiyar yana aiki da kanta da yara.

Wadannan misalai masu zuwa ana la'akari dasu al'ada:

• har zuwa shekaru 28 - har zuwa 6.5%,
• daga shekara 28-40 - har zuwa 7%,
• Shekaru 40 da ƙari - har zuwa 7.5%.

Idan mace mai ciki tana da matakin glycohemoglobin na 8-10%, wannan yana nuna rikice-rikice kuma yana buƙatar magani.
Binciken don sukari na mahaifiyar mai fata ya zama ya zama dole kuma sau da yawa yayin duk lokacin daukar ciki, bayan ya ci abinci kafin hanyar da kanta. Ga yaraKa'idar glycogemoglobin a cikin yara daidai yake da saura kuma yakai 5-6%. Bambanci yana kawai cikin ɗaukar babban kuɗi. Idan an rusa shi sosai, jariri na iya samun matsalolin hangen nesa.
Ya kamata a tuna: jikin yaran har yanzu ba su da ƙarfi kuma saboda haka ana buƙatar hanya ta musamman zuwa gare ta. Ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukariIdan an yi gwajin cutar, babban aikin mai haƙuri shine kiyaye mai nuna alama a cikin 7%. Wannan ba abu bane mai sauƙi kuma mai haƙuri ya yi la'akari da fasali da yawa.
Don cika aikin hana ci gaban matakan sukari ana amfani da su:

• insulin (lokacin da ya cancanta)
• manne wa ta musamman tsaftataccen abinci,
• m gwajin
• amfani da glucometer.

Yawan abubuwan glucose a cikin mata yayin daukar ciki

Duk da fa'idodin bincike na glycogemoglobin, ya fi kyau ba mata masu ciki suyi ba, saboda matsalar ƙara yawan glucose na jini yakan faru ne bayan watan 6. Binciken guda ɗaya kawai zai nuna karuwa bayan watanni 2, wanda ke kusancin haihuwa da kanta kuma idan alamu sun yi yawa, matakan rage su zai zama da rashin inganci.

Idan kun ba da gudummawar jini da safe da kan komai a ciki, sakamakon zai zama mara amfani: matakin glucose ya zama mafi girma bayan cin abinci, kuma bayan sa'o'i 3-4 babban adadinsa na iya cutar da lafiyar mahaifiyar. A lokaci guda, saka idanu kan sukari na jini abu ne mai mahimmanci.

Mafi bayani zai zama gwajin sukari na jini da ake yi a gida. Bayan kun sayi mai nazarin, zaku iya gudanar da gwaji a gida bayan rabin sa'a, 1 da 2 sa'o'i bayan cin abinci. Matsayi bai kamata ya fi 7.9 mmol / l ba, lokacin da ya yi girma, wannan yana buƙatar alƙawari tare da likita.

Alamu don binciken

Glycosylated haemoglobin wani fili ne wanda yakamata a kiyaye shi a kullun.

Alamu don binciken sune:

• ciwon sukari na dubawa da ganewar asali,
• lura da kulawa na dogon lokaci kula da hauhawar jini a cikin mutane masu ciwon sukari,
• tabbatar da hukuncin Diyya,
• mai fama da rashin jarin glucose,
• jarrabawa mata a cikin matsayi.

Ya kamata a gudanar da bincike na Glycogemoglobin tare da alamun alamomin masu ciwon sukari:

• bushe bakin
• tashin zuciya
• asarar nauyi,
• rauni
• yawan kiba
• ji na kullum ƙishirwa ko yunwa,
• bege ya wofin mafitsara yayi yawa,
• warkar da tsayi da yawa
• fata cututtuka
• karancin gani
• tingling a cikin makamai da kafafu.

Yadda za a shirya don bincike

Daya daga cikin mahimman fa'idodin bincike na glycogemoglobin shine rashin shiri na musamman.

Sakamakon mai aiki ya zama mai zaman kansa na:

• jihar halin damuwa
• jiki aiki,
• shan magunguna, gami da maganin rigakafi,
• sanyi da cututtuka
• cin abinci da lokacin kafin shi ko bayan sa,

Duk shirye-shiryen don aiwatarwa sun ƙunshi halayen kirki da kuma karɓar kwatance daga likita idan ya cancanta.

Normalization na glycosylated haemoglobin

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don rage girman glycogemoglobin ku. Mafi sauki a cikinsu shine amfani da magunguna na musamman wadanda likita ne ya tsara su. Koyaya, hanyar rayuwa madaidaiciya daidai take da mahimmanci. Babban dalilin duka girma da rage girman sukari shine abinci da abinci mai dacewa.

A cewar binciken daya, ciwon sukari na 2, rage matakan gemocemic hemoglobin, koda 1% kasa ne ga rashin karfin zuciya, kamuwa da cuta.

Don daidaita matakin glycogemoglobin, kuna buƙatar:

1. Rage yawan adadin abincin da ke dauke da carbohydrates a cikin abincin (tare da haɓaka mai yawa) sannan kunna (tare da rage girman).
2. Ku ci yawancin kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa (musamman ayaba), hatsi da kayan lebur.
3. Usearyata mai da carbohydrates mai ladabi - kayan kwalliya, farin burodi mai kyau, kayan gasa, kwakwalwan kwamfuta, soda, Sweets daban-daban. Idan ba za ku iya cire su gaba daya ba, ya kamata ku gwada gwada cin sau kaɗan ko maye gurbinsu da samfuran halitta.
4. Don haɗa samfuran madara mai ƙarancin kalori a cikin abincin, wannan zai tallafawa kasancewar alli da bitamin D a cikin jiki.
5. Ku ci kitsen kayan lambu, kwayoyi za su kasance da amfani musamman.
6. Yi amfani da kirfa kamar kayan yaji, amma banda 0.5 tsp. kowace rana.
7. Tabbatar da bin sabis.

Wata hanyar ingantacciyar hanyar dawo da sukari zuwa al'ada ita ce a kula da rayuwa mai amfani.

Motsa jiki akai-akai:

• taimaka kawar da yawan adadin kuzari,
• ƙarfafa tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini,
• rage hadarin rashin kwanciyar hankali da damuwa,
• godiya garesu, jiki koyaushe zai kasance cikin kyakkyawan tsari.

Yin tafiya na yau da kullun a cikin sabon iska suna da mahimmanci. Ga waɗanda ke contraindicated a cikin aiki na jiki, Nordic tafiya, iyo, yoga, motsa jiki numfashi da bimbini ana bada shawarar.

Regular da kuma jadawalin jadawalin yana da mahimmanci a cikin komai. Wannan ya shafi horo, abinci mai gina jiki da bacci, lokacin magani da bincike. Irin waɗannan lokuta na nazarin suna taimaka wa mai haƙuri don sarrafawa da daidaita ba kawai glycogemoglobin ba, har ma da rayuwarsa baki ɗaya.

Haka kuma akwai hanyoyin likita don magance rikice-rikice na cutar da rage yawan furotin mai dauke da baƙin ƙarfe.

Matakan sune kamar haka:

• tallafin matsin lamba a matakin 140/90 mm RT. Art.,
• daidaita matsayin mai don kada a sami haɗarin canje-canje na atherosclerotic a cikin tasoshin jini,
• nazarin shekara-shekara na hangen nesa, jijiyoyi, kodan da kafafu. Mai haƙuri yana buƙatar sarrafa bayyanar ƙafafunsa, musamman don kasancewar ƙwanƙwasa, jan launi ko kumburi, ganye, corns da cututtukan fungal da yawa.

Binciken yakamata a gudanar da shi sau uku a shekara, yayin tunawa da cewa irin wannan binciken ba musanya bane don tantance matakin glucose tare da glucose din al'ada kuma ya zama dole a aiwatar da duka wadannan hanyoyin a dunkule. An ba da shawarar rage mai nuna alama a hankali - kusan 1% a shekara kuma baya ƙoƙari don babban mai nuna alama na 6%, amma don dabi'un da suka bambanta ga nau'ikan shekaru daban-daban.

Sanin wannan manuniya (glycosylated haemoglobin), wataƙila mafi kyawu don sarrafa cutar, yin gyare-gyare mai mahimmanci don kashi na samfuran samfuran sukari da kuma irin waɗannan shirye-shiryen da aka tsara don rage sukari.

Tsarin rubutu: Mila Friedan