HADISI NA HUERU DA KYAUTA NA FARKO NA FARKO NA UBBEKISTAN

MALAM ZUCIYAR SIFFOFIN UZBEKISTAN

TASHKENT MADIKI AIKI

KYAUTA NA KYAUTA DA CIKIN MULKIN NA SAMA NA CIKIN MULKIN NA SAMA

KYAUTA SAUKI A CIKIN SAUKI

HATTARA

DON DALILAI NA NA 4 NA CIKIN KARFIN likita

Dalilin karatun:Iliwararrun ɗalibai tare da asibiti, bincike, rarrabewar ganewar asali, rikitarwa da lura da atherosclerosis, cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin jini, angina pectoris.

Manufofin ilimi: don koyar da ɗalibai kayan yau da kullun na tunanin asibiti, dabaru na likita, abubuwan da suka shafi lalata, ɗabi'a da kuma ɗabi'a daidai da buƙatun horar da likita a matakin ƙa'idodin ƙasashen duniya.

Taƙaitaccen bayani game da batun:Wannan batun shine ɗayan manyan a cikin ilimin likita. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yawan cutar atherosclerosis na yawan jama'a, matsanancin mahimmancin binciken lokaci na cutar. Darajar manyan alamun cututtuka, ka'idodin magani na zamani yana da matukar mahimmanci a rayuwar yau da kullun na likita.

Manufa da makasudin karatun - mintuna 5

Etiology da pathogenesis - mintina 15

Tsara da asibiti - minti 25

Hutu - 5 da minti

Nunin mai haƙuri - minti 10

Laboratory da kuma kayan aikin bincike - minti 10

Bambancin ganewar asali - 5 mintuna

Jiyya - mintina 15

Kammalawa Amsoshin tambayoyi - minti 5

Atherosclerosis cuta ce mai kauri daga cikin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin roba da jijiyoyin hannu, wanda aka san shi ta hanyar sanya jarirai da tarin jini na plasma lipoproteins da cholesterol a cikin intima, yana haifar da canjin yanayin tsari da salon salula, wanda ya biyo baya ta hanyar farfadowa da jijiyar wuya da samuwar manyan filaye a jikin bangon arterial. Sakamakon haka, akwai taƙarar ƙarancin jijiya da kuma asarar koɗawar su.

Atherosclerotic cututtukan jijiyoyin bugun gini na wurare daban-daban na daya daga cikin abubuwanda ke haifar da cututtukan cuta da mace-mace a cikin kasashe masu tasowa. Maza suna samun atherosclerosis sau 4-6 fiye da mata.

Iowaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta na etiology na atherosclerosis akwai hadaddun abubuwa da yawa. Zuwa yau, manyan abubuwan haɗari don haɓaka atherosclerosis sune: hauhawar jijiyoyin jini, dyslipoproteinemia (karuwa a cikin ƙwayoyin ƙwayar tsoka da ƙarancin ƙarfi mai yawa), shan sigari, ciwon sukari, yawan kiba, maza, yanayin tsinkayar asali zuwa atherosclerosis. Abubuwan da ake tsinkaya suma sune karancin motsa jiki da tsufa.

Ba'a fahimci cikakkun abubuwan pathogenesis na atherosclerosis ba. 2 manyan maganganu an sa a gaba: lipid and endothelial. Dangane da maganin lipid, karuwa a cikin matakin low-yawa plasma lipoproteins (LDL) mai wadatar cholesterol yana ba da gudummawa ga shigowar ƙarshen ta bango na jijiyoyin bugun gini. Bugu da ƙari, LDL yana haifar da hyperplasia na ƙwayoyin tsoka na jijiyoyin jiki kuma yana haifar da canje-canje a cikin haɓaka sel na endothelium da subendothelium. Akwai rahoto game da yiwuwar tasirin LDL akan samuwar sel, kunna abubuwan ci gaba, kuma a ƙarshe akan samuwar ƙwayar cuta ta cikin gida.

Dangane da batun endothelial hypothesis, lalacewar maɓallin endothelial (rufin ciki na jiragen ruwa) yana haifar da tasirin maganganun rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta wanda ke haifar da haifar da mummunan faranti a wurin lalacewa. Wannan ya haɗa da haɗakar platelet, chemocytosis na monocytes da T-lymphocytes tare da sakin platelet da abubuwan da ke haifar da motsa jini wanda ke haifar da ƙaurawar ƙwayar ƙwayar tsoka mai santsi daga kafofin watsa labarai zuwa intima, da kuma canji na wasu sel (macrophage, endothelial) waɗanda ke haɓaka ƙoshin ƙwayar tsoka da haɓaka. Juyin halittar sel, musamman samuwar manya-manyan kwayoyi (endinuhelial sel), yana haifar da rashin daidaituwarsu ta tsarin garkuwar jikinsu, biyo bayan komawar antigen-antibody, tsarin samarda kumburi, wanda yake karewa da kirkirar wata cuta. Dukkanin maganganun suna da alaƙa da juna kuma basu da ma'amala ta gabaɗaya, amma a'a wa juna.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an riga an gabatar da bayanan viral da herpes-viral hyesheses na etiology na atherosclerosis kuma ana yin nazari sosai. An kafa shi cewa ƙwayar cuta ta Epstein-Barr, ƙwayoyin cuta na Coxsackie da sauransu suna haifar da lalacewar membranes na sel endothelial, rashi mai narkewar ƙwayar cuta da rashin ƙarfi na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta Atherosclerotic plaque sannu a hankali yana girma cikin shekaru da yawa kuma daga ƙarshe yana haifar da stenosis na lumen ko kuma kammala cikar jirgin. A tsawon lokaci, plaque ya zama kalidinous. A kowane mataki na ci gaba, ana iya lalata shi kwatsam ko tare da haɓaka haɓaka da karfin jini (fissure ko katsewa), kuma wannan yana haifar da ƙirƙirar suturar jini kuma, gwargwadon haka, har zuwa mafi yawan lalatawar jini.

Bayar da mahimmancin mahimmancin salula da halayen immunological a cikin pathogenesis na atherosclerosis, hanyar hawan keke mai hankali a hankali yanayin halayyar cutar ne: ana maye gurbin lokutan ayyukan aiwatarwa ta hanyar kwanciyar hankali.

Hoto na asibiti game da cutar an ƙaddara shi ba mai yawa ba ne ta wurin tsananin da yawan canje-canje a cikin jiragen ruwa, kamar yadda ake fassarawa. Sashin thoracic da saukowa daga sassan aorta, na jijiyoyin zuciya, carotid na kowa, maɓallin ƙwayoyin cuta, na koda, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin jiki sune galibi abin ya shafa. Dangane da karkatar da yanayin aikin atherosclerotic, alamun asibiti suna zuwa kan gaba da aka danganta da sashin jikin mutum wanda ya fi damuwa da zagayawa cikin jini (duba sassan da suka dace).

Ko da yaya aka fara aiwatar da tsarin, ya ba da shawarar rarrabe lokaci 2 a cikin ci gaban cutar: farkon (ainihin) zamani da kuma lokacin bayyanuwar asibiti. A farkon lokacin, babu canje-canje ga gabobin. Ana nuna shi ta hanyar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta marasa ƙwaƙwalwa irin su vasospasm, cholesterinemia da dyslipidemia.

A karo na biyu, da farko, alamomin da alamu suna nuna rashin daidaituwa tsakanin bukatar oxygen da gabobin da abin ya shafa da kuma yiwuwar isar da shi ta hanyar tasoshin da tsarin aikin atherosclerotic ya canza. A farko, wannan bayyanar an bayyana shi ne kawai tare da kokarin motsa jiki, lokacin da bukatar oxygen-metabolic ta karu sosai (alal misali, tare da angina pectoris, tsaka-tsakin tsinkaye), sannan kuma tare da ci gaba da atherosclerosis da raguwa a cikin jirgi na jirgin ruwa, wannan rashin daidaituwa ya fara bayyana tare da ƙaramin nauyi har ma da hutawa. Lokaci na latent (asymptomatic) na cutar yana yiwuwa har zuwa lokacin lumen artery ya ragu zuwa 70-75%.

Idan har aka keta mutuncin plaque, lokacin da ake fara aikin thrombosis, a matsayin mai mulki, toshewar cutar ta lalace, wanda aka bayyana shi a cikin ci gaba da rashin ƙarfi na angina ko infarction myocardial, idan muka dauki cututtukan zuciya na zuciya kamar misali (duba ISCHEMIC ZUCIYA CUTAR).

ATOROSCLEROSIS OF AORTA yana haɓaka a baya fiye da sauran bangarorin jijiyoyin jiki kuma ya zama ruwan dare gama gari (musamman a yankin thoracic), duk da haka, bayyanannun asibitocin da farko ana danganta su kaɗan ko gaba ɗaya ba su. Wani lokacin yakan taso

jin zafi mai zafi (aortalgia) yana haskakawa zuwa yanki mai shiga tsakani. Tare da atrophy na ƙwayar tsoka, an samar da aneurysm a cikin sassan aorta wanda ke fama da atherosclerosis tare da haɓakar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ko yaduwar haɓaka. Increaseara girman girman sabo yana haifar da matsin lamba akan ƙwanƙwasa kusa da jijiyoyin wuya. Tare da ciwon aortic aneurysm, jin zafi yana faruwa, fassarar abin da ya dogara da wurin da aka kirkiro shi (tare da ci gaba da haɓaka aorta - jinƙai na kirji, aortic arche - pain pain pain radiating to the neck, shoulder, baya, yana sauko da aorta - ciwon baya). Sauran cututtukan cututtukan aortic aneurysm an lura dasu - ciwon kai, kumburi na fuska (saboda wani tsayayyiyar vena cava), ƙwanƙwasawa, tari, gazawar numfashi, dysphagia (saboda matsawa jijiya na dawowa da matsa lamba akan ƙwayar).

Da ma'ana da fadada iyakoki na cuta na jijiyoyin bugun gini, gunaguni na systolic a cikin sararin intercostal na biyu zuwa dama daga sternum.

Idan akwai matsalar rashin wadatuwa (sclerotic a yanayin), a cikin sararin mahalli na uku zuwa dama na sternum, ana jin karar systolodiastolic mai zafi. A cikin yanayin cutar atherosclerotic rauni na ciki aorta ko ci gaban aneurysm a ciki, ciwon ciki, jin nauyi, da dyspeptic cuta bayyana. A cikin rami na ciki, ana iya tantance tsarin pspating ta hanyar palpation, akan abin da ake jin karar systolic.

Sakamakon sabo yana haifar da ƙaruwa a hankali. A lokacin kallo mai tsauri, an lura da karuwa na shekara-shekara na 0.5 cm.

Rikitaccen rikicewar sabo shine sake lalata bango da rushewa tare da mummunan sakamako. Hadarin katsewa yana ƙaruwa da sababbin ƙwayar thoracic aorta fiye da 6 cm a diamita (musamman akan bango na hawan jini), yanki na ciki - sama da 5 cm.The yiwuwar katsewa a waɗannan masu girma a cikin shekara shine 30-40%, kuma tare da ci gaba da ƙaruwa sosai ( diamita 7-10 cm - 45%, diamita 10 cm - 60%).

KWANKWASO OF SALATAN TARIHI yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar ƙarancin wadatar jini zuwa kwakwalwa, ischemia. Bayyanannin asibiti na cutar ya samo asali ne sakamakon karancin jini ga wasu wuraren kwakwalwa. Ischemia na yau da kullun - kwatsam, raguwa mai yawa a cikin wadatar jini - yawanci ana haɗuwa da spasm of the cerebral arteries kuma cuta ce mai haifar da ƙarin rikicewa - bugun jini.

Gajiya, damuwa, rarrabuwar kawuna halaye ne kwarai da gaske. Waƙwalwar ajiyar abubuwan da ke faruwa yanzu an rage yayin da ake ajiye ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwararru. Damuwa game da m ciwon kai, amo a kai, wani lokacin dizzness, barci wahala, tashin hankali, suppressed

yanayi. A tsawon lokaci, alamu sun ci gaba, waɗannan rikice-rikice suna ƙaruwa. A ƙarshe, III, mataki, ana magana da encephalopathy, hankali yana raguwa, rikice-rikice na tsaka-tsaki, alamun cututtukan shakatawa (tsayayye, amimia) ya faru.

Rashin ciwon atherosclerosis, wanda yake haifar da ischemia na koda yaushe, shine sanadin hauhawar jini, na jijiya. An ji kukan Systolic a kan kunkuntar shafin yanar gizon na koda A cikin fitsari, furotin mai daidaitacce, ƙananan canje-canje a cikin laka na fitsari (sel guda ɗaya na jini, hyaline cylinders).

Sanadin Atherosclerosis

Ya kamata a sani cewa atherosclerosis da cututtukan ciki suna tafiya hannu da hannu. Misali, na iya tsokane ci gaban wata cuta ciwon sukari mellitustunda cutar bugun jini da zukata ya faru ne a lokacin da yake tsufa kuma rabon tarin cholesterol a cikin jiragen ruwa ya yi girma. Hakanan, abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaban cutar sun hada da hawan jini da kasancewar halaye marasa kyau (shan sigari). Amma dabino har yanzu cin zarafin metabolism ne.

Yi la'akari da abubuwan haɗari don haɓakar cutar:

• shekaru Da mazan mutum ya zama, mafi girman hadarin da ke haifar da bayyanuwar alamun atherosclerotic. Musamman mai da hankali sosai ga lafiyar su ya kamata mutane sama da shekaru 50,
• jinsi Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa maza sun fi dacewa da atherosclerosis. Bayyanar alamun farko tana yiwuwa daga shekaru 45, kuma a wasu yanayi a baya. Yayin da a cikin mata alamun cutar na iya fara bayyana ne kawai daga shekaru 55,
• gado. Halittar kwayoyin ta taka kusan babbar rawa a cikin samuwar atherosclerosis. Bincike ya nuna cewa wadanda danginsu suka kamu da cututtukan jijiyoyin bugun gini sun riga sun iya kamuwa da cutar a cikin shekaru na tsakiya,
• rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Yin amfani da abinci mai kitse da takarce, da kuma sha'awar abinci, na iya haifar da ci gaban cututtukan dabbobi. Saboda haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a ci abinci daidai da kan lokaci. Tushen abincin yakamata ya kasance kayan lambu, kayan marmari, ganyayyaki da kifi,
• kiba. Wannan bawai yana nufin cewa kai tsaye yana haifar da ci gaban wannan cuta ba, a'a, kiba zata iya haifar da ciwon suga, wanda hakan ke haifar da cutar atherosclerosis,
• mummunan halaye. Shan taba shine babban abokin gaba na jijiyoyin jini kuma ɗayan abubuwan da ke haifar da atherosclerosis.

Iri da alamun cutar atherosclerosis

Akwai nau'ikan wannan nau'in cutar wanda lalacewa ta lalace:

• na jijiyoyin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini (atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis), wanda ke tsokani ci gaban bugun zuciya, cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini da angina pectoris,
• aorta, wanda ke shafar kowane tsarin ciki da gabobin,
• jijiyoyin jini wadanda ke da alhakin samar da jini ga kwakwalwa,
• tasoshin koda, wanda ke haifar da matsala koda da hauhawar jini,
• tasoshin daga cikin manya da ƙananan, wannan cuta ana kiranta lalata ƙwayoyin cuta na atherosclerosis.

Ta yaya wannan cuta ke bayyana kanta, waɗanne alamu ne zan nemi kuma tuntuɓi likita?

A matakin farko, cutar ba ta bayyana nan da nan, saboda haka, kasancewar sa za'a iya tantance ta nazari. A kwana a tashi, abin da ake kira "alamar tsutsa" (tasirin rikicewar wucin gadi) na iya bayyana.

Nan gaba, alamomin cutar za su bayyana dangane da wurin cutar. Don haka, tare da lalacewar aorta, jin zafi na iya faruwa a bayan jijiyoyin ƙarfi daban-daban, yaduwa zuwa baya, wuya ko ciki, har da hauhawar jijiyoyin bugun jini. Lokacin da cutar ta shafi jijiyoyin zuciya, wannan za'a iya gano shi ta alamun cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya. zukata - angina pectoris, tachycardia, gajiyawar zuciya, rudani, da sauransu. Tare da lalacewar ƙwayar cerebral na mutum, amo a kunnuwa, farin ciki, matsanancin ciwon kai, gajiya, matsaloli tare da bacci ya bayyana, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ta ɓaci.

Idan an shafi arteries koda, yana bayyana kanta a cikin nau'in rashin lalacewa na koda da hauhawar jini na vasorenal. Lalacewa ga tasoshin ƙananan ƙananan ƙarshen (wanda kuma ake kira ciwo na Lerish) ana nuna shi ta hanyar gajiya mai sauri, jin zafi kwatsam lokacin tafiya, pallor na fata akan kafafu, sanyin sanyi, cututtukan fata. Idan atherosclerosis ya kai ga ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, ana iya tantance wannan ta hanyar zafin da yake faruwa kwatsam bayan cin abinci kuma yana tare da shi tashin zuciya, kuma wani lokacin amai, tashin zuciya, thrombosis, saboda wanda aka kafa necrosis na hanji. Pathology na huhun jijiyoyin za a iya bayyana ta kumburi da kafafu, kumburi na jijiyoyin wuya, hemoptysis, systolic gunaguni a kan jijiya huhun.

Bayyanar cutar Atherosclerosis

Don tabbatar da cewa mutum ya inganta atherosclerosis, zaka iya tuntuɓar kawai mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankaliwanda zai gabatar da aiki mai yawa nazari. Kowace rashin lafiya na iya bayyana kanta ta hanyoyi daban-daban, don haka kuna buƙatar bincika komai dalla-dalla, tantance yanayin cutar. Yayin da ake gudanar da gwaje-gwaje na fannoni da yawa, hadadden hanyoyin atherosclerosis da kuma haɗarin rikice-rikice yakamata a kafa, wanda tabbas yana nunawa a cikin ganewar asali. Kawai kenan za a yi maganin yadda ya kamata kuma a kawo sakamako mai inganci.

Binciken cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cuta yawanci ya ƙunshi karatun asibiti da kuma yin amfani da ƙarin hanyoyi don gano cutar.Hanyar farko ta gano cuta ta hada da tarin kararrakin marasa lafiya, dubawa da kuma tantancewa, wanda ke baiwa kwararrun damar tantance yanayin bugun, yadda karkatar da jirgi ya kasance. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a gaya wa wani kwararre game da munanan halaye da ake da su da rayuwar ku, abinci mai gina jiki. Ana gudanar da ƙarin gwaje-gwaje ta hanyar gudanar da bincike, kazalika tare da halartar na'urorin lafiya. Wannan na iya zama karatu kamar su electrocardiography, Duban dan tayi jini, x-haskoki na jini da kirji, nazarin halittu na jini.

Jiyya na Atherosclerosis

Farfesa Ya kamata a haɗu da atherosclerosis - ƙwayoyi da marasa magani. Na karshen shine don kawar da abubuwan haɗari masu canzawa. An ba da shawarar mai haƙuri don jagorantar salon rayuwa mai aiki, ka guji halaye marasa kyau, gami da shan giya, sarrafa nauyi, guji damuwa da yanayin damuwa.

Antiatherosclerotic na musamman abinci. Ya dogara da amfanin abinci tare da ƙarancin adadin kuzari da ƙarancin kitsen ƙoshin dabbobi. Abincin da ke ƙunshe da ƙwayoyin carbohydrates mai sauƙin narkewa ana iya rage su ko cire su gaba ɗaya daga menu. Guda iri ɗaya ke cin abinci mai kyau cikin cholesterol.

Magani far yakamata sun hada da bitamin B3 da PP.

Jiyya mai tsayi na atherosclerosis, watau ana yiwa marasa aikin yi da wuya, galibi a waɗancan lokutan idan jiragen ruwan da abin ya shafa ba su yi amfani da hanyoyin kiyayewa na magani. Ana amfani da jiyyar tiyata don lalacewar bututun gabobin ciki, yana kunshe da sinadarin prosthetics na jirgin ko cirewar thrombus.

Atherosclerosis cuta ce mai hatsarin gaske, ya zama dole a yi kokarin hana haɓaka ci gaba a duk hanyoyin da za a iya samu, saboda rigakafin koyaushe ya fi magani. Matakan rigakafin sun hada da: yarda da anti-atherosclerotic abinci (wannan ita ce mafi kyawun zaɓi), ko aƙalla ma'ana, ingantaccen abinci, ƙin mummunan halaye, riƙe rayuwa mai aiki da lafiya, gwargwadon daidaitaccen nauyin jiki.

Idan kuna tsammanin kuna da atherosclerosis, nan da nan tuntuɓi kwararrun Cibiyarmu waɗanda tabbas zasu taimaka muku!

Atherosclerosis da Magungunan Cikin Gida: Dangantaka

• Yana daidaita matakan sukari na dogon lokaci
• Maido da aikin samarda insulin

Masu karatun mu sunyi nasarar amfani da Aterol don rage cholesterol. Ganin shahararrun kayan wannan samfurin, mun yanke shawarar ba da shi ga hankalin ku.

Atherosclerosis da cututtukan ciki da ke hade da tsarin jijiyoyin jini yawanci ana gano su nan da nan.

An bayyana wannan sabon abu ne ta hanyar cewa cin zarafin lipid da furotin mai gina jiki yakan zama sanadiyyar hakan ko kuma sanadiyar duk wata cuta ta zuciya.

Saboda haka, farkon gano cutar atherosclerosis yana taka muhimmiyar rawa - tsari mai rikitarwa, saboda Pathology a farkon kusan ba ya bayyana kansa.

Matakan ci gaba da kuma haifar da cututtukan atherosclerosis

Tare da atherosclerosis, akwai tarin cholesterol da gutsutsuren ƙwayar lipid a tsakiyar da choroid na ciki, sakamakon abin da aka sanya salts na kalsam akan bututun matsakaici da babban sihiri da ƙwayar haɗi.

Alamun farko na atherosclerosis suna bayyana lokacin da ake katange jijiya fiye da rabin.

Alamar cutar ta dogara ne da yankin jiragen ruwan da abin ya shafa.

Abin al'ada ne a raba matakai uku na ci gaban ilimin cuta.

Na farko shine haɓakar fatima - a baya alama ce ta cutar. Yana tasowa sakamakon tara ƙwayoyin macrophages da ƙwayoyin tsoka mai santsi, waɗanda a cikin biyun suna tara lipids. A kwana a tashi, tsararrayar mai tana ci gaba, amma kasancewar sa ba koyaushe yana nuna cewa mutum yana rashin lafiya da ƙwayar cutar atherosclerosis. Ko da a cikin jarirai, ana lura da kitsen mai a cikin tasoshin tare da diamita na 1-2 mm.

Na biyun shine girma na filastar fibrous wanda ke cikin rufin ciki. Ya ƙunshi esters da lu'ulu'u mai ƙarfi, wanda shine babban laushi, da gutsutsuren ƙwayar lipid - ƙarancin kwalliya. Thearfafa filayen fibrous yana haifar da taƙaita ƙarancin ƙwayar jijiya. Cholesterol yana fitowa daga jini, yana tarawa a jikin bangon jirgin.

Na uku - kasancewar rikice-rikice masu rikice-rikice - mataki na ƙarshe a cikin ci gaban atherosclerosis. Yana bayyana tare da raguwa da kauri daga kahon kwalliya na ajiyar ajiyar fibrous kasa da micron 65, da kuma faruwar microcracks da rauni a farfajiya. Wannan ya haɗu da abin da aka makala na platelet ga maganin kawanya, wanda ke haifar da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar jini, bugun jini, bugun zuciya da sauran cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da kewayawar jini ko kuma cikakkiyar katsewa a cikin jijiya.

Ana ɗaukar tushen adibas na atheromatous tsari ne na halitta, duk da haka, akwai wasu dalilai da zasu iya rage shi ko haɓakawa.

Patanatomi ya haɗa da waɗannan dalilai:

1. Jinsi da shekaru. Wannan cuta tana haɓakawa a cikin maza sau 3-4 fiye da mata. Haka kuma, alamun farko a cikin maza sun bayyana ne tun yana dan shekara 45, kuma ga mace - fara daga shekaru 55.
2. Halittu Ya ƙunshi abubuwa kamar ayyukan rigakafi, kasancewar cututtukan cututtukan jini, da matakan haɓaka.
3. Mummunan halaye. Mafi haɗari ga tsarin zuciya shine shan sigari, kamar yadda Kowane sigari yana ɗauke da adadin sinadarin nicotine da tarma mai lahani. Ba za ku iya yin amfani da shi tare da barasa ba, kodayake 100 g na bushe giya a abincin dare shine kyakkyawan rigakafin cutar hawan jini.

Bugu da kari, sanadin canje-canje na cututtukan cututtukan cuta na iya zama kasancewar ƙarancin nauyi.

Kiba mai yawa yana haifar da cututtuka da yawa - atherosclerosis, ciwon sukari, da sauransu, sabili da haka, kuna buƙatar daidaita nauyin jiki.

Babban nau'in atherosclerosis

Akwai nau'ikan cututtukan da yawa.

Mafi na kowa shi ne rarrabewar atherosclerosis, gwargwadon wurin cutar da tasoshin jini na atheromatous.

Siffofin cutar suna bayyana gabaɗaya da tsarin.

An bambanta nau'ikan atherosclerosis:

• Atherosclerosis na tasoshin jijiyoyin jini, galibi ana bayyana shi ta hanyar ciwon zuciya. Sakamakon lalacewar arteries na zuciya, yaduwar iskar oxygen zuwa myocardium. A sakamakon haka, ci gaba da Pathology yana haifar da angina pectoris, bugun zuciya, cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini har ma da mutuwar zuciya.
• Tsarin aortic shine rauni ne na babbar babbar jijiya a jiki - aorta. Samuwar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cholesterol yana shafar aikin dukkan gabobin da tsarin.
• Atherosclerosis daga cikin tasoshin koda. Daga cikin alamun cutar, jin zafi yayin urination, kasancewar jini a cikin fitsari, hare-hare na amai da tashin zuciya ya kamata a haskaka. Haɓaka cutar ta ƙunshi hauhawar jini da rashin nasara na koda.
• Atherosclerosis na tasoshin cerebral. Brainwaƙwalwa tana ɗayan manyan hanyoyin haɗin jijiya na tsakiya, sabili da haka, yunwar oxygen ta wannan sashin yana haifar da mummunan sakamako, alal misali, bugun jini ko tashin hankali ischemic.
• Shafe kansa daga cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙananan gwiwa da na babba. Da farko dai, alamomin kamar asarar gashi a kafafu da hannaye, redness na yatsunsu, jin zafi, wata gabar jiki, da dai sauransu ana iya ganin bayyananniyar bayyananniyar yanayin wannan nau'in atherosclerosis shine bayyanar juna da rarrabewar jijiyoyin wuya (gangrene).
• Atherosclerosis na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa mai ƙwaƙwalwa wanda ke ciyar da hanji. Babban bayyanar cutar shine hare-hare na kashin ciki - zafin ciki na ciki. Hadarin shine thrombosis daga cikin rassan jijiyoyin jini tare da necrosis na bangon hanji da farfajiya.

Ko da wane irin kwayar cutar, alamu na waje na cututtukan jijiyoyin bugun jini na atheromatous na iya bayyana:

1. xanthomas - fasali mai kama da "tubercles" waɗanda suke a cikin wurin haɗin gwiwa da jijiyoyin jiki,
2. senile arch - bayyanar ratsi rawaya a gefen cornea.

Bugu da kari, xanthelasms na iya bayyana - samuwar rafuffuka masu launin shuda akan fatar, yawanci suna da yanayin sikeli, sakamakon ajiyar cholesterol da triglycerides.

Iri Hyperlipidemia na Fredrickson

Hyperlipidemia wata cuta ce ta al'ada ta lipids da lipoproteins a cikin jini.

Wannan cuta ita ce babban dalilin ci gaban cututtukan zuciya, gami da atherosclerosis.

Hypercholesterolemia - Cututtukan Al'aura

Hypercholesterolemia a hankali wata cuta ce wacce ba cuta ba ce. Rather'a, ƙa'idodi ne ga cigaban wasu cututtukan.

Hypercholesterolemia yana da alaƙa da babban ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar plasma. Tsarin ilimin firamare da sakandare na wannan ciwo an rarrabe su.

An rarraba hypercholesterolemia na farko zuwa nau'ikan da yawa:

• Iyali A zuciyar ci gabanta cuta ce a cikin aikin masu karban LDL. Haka kuma, ana lura da tsarin homozygotes tare da yawan 1 a cikin miliyan 1. A cikin marasa lafiya, yawan ƙwayar cholesterol ya bambanta daga 15 zuwa 31 mmol / L. A mafi yawan halayen, cututtukan zuciya na zuciya suna tasowa har zuwa shekaru 20.
• Polygenic. Yana bayyana kanta a sakamakon halayen rashin cin abinci mara kyau ko kiba akasari game da jarabar giya. Cakuda cholesterol a cikin jini na jini yana daga 6 zuwa 8 mmol / L. A cikin marasa lafiya da cututtukan zuciya na zuciya na faruwa a baya fiye da shekaru 60.
• An hada dangi. Wannan ƙananan tallafin yana tasowa ne kawai a cikin 1-2% na bil'adama.

Secondary hypercholesterolemia wani ciwo ne wanda ke faruwa tare da cututtukan koda, ciwon sukari mellitus (nau'in I da II), hypothyroidism, pancreatitis, cututtukan hanta, kiba, da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na biliary.

Wannan nau'i yana faruwa sau da yawa fiye da na farko.

Jiyya da rigakafin cutar

Ba za a iya magance cutar ta atherosclerosis gaba daya ba, amma zai yuwu a dakatar da ajiye kwalliyar cholesterol tare da gano lokaci da kuma magani.

Matakan hanyoyin bincike don zargin atherosclerosis sun hada da tarihin likita, gwajin farko na mara lafiya, dakin gwaje-gwaje da hanyoyin bincike. Daga cikin manyan gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje, an bambanta yawan cholesterol da atherogenicity. Hanyoyin bincike na yau da kullun sun hada da angiography, coronography, aortography, duban dan tayi na artal art, hutu da kuma duban dan tayi.

A cikin kashi 80% na lokuta, aikin magani yana taimakawa kawar da alamun cutar da hana mummunan sakamako. Likita ya tsara waɗannan magunguna:

1. Statins sune magungunan da suka shahara wajen lura da cutar atherosclerosis. Ayyukansu suna nufin rage ayyukan hanta a cikin samar da cholesterol. Misalan irin waɗannan kwayoyi sune rosuvastatin da atorvastatin.
2. Littattafan LCD waɗanda ke hana aiki na ƙwayoyin bile acid a hanta. Magunguna masu tasiri sune Colesevelam da Colestyramine. Sakamakon amfani da jerin abubuwan LCD, yawan ƙwayar cholesterol yana ƙaruwa don tabbatar da tsarin narkewar al'ada.
3. Fibrates magunguna ne da ke lalata triglycerides, ta haka ne ke tabbatar da samar da abinci mai gina jiki. A cikin kantin magani zaka iya siyan kaya, misali, Trikor ko Atromid.
4. Niacin magani ne wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen magance cututtukan atherosclerosis. Yana haifar da tasirin antispasmodic da vasodilator, amma baya rage kiba. Kwayoyi masu ɗauke da sinadarin nicotinic acid suna cikin cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na ciki, cututtukan ƙwayar hanta da hanta.

A cikin maganganun ci gaba, an wajabta tiyata. Ana magana da angioplasty zuwa ƙananan hanyoyin da ba a daɗewa ba, kuma ana kiran su jijiyoyin bugun jini da kuma shudewa zuwa hanyoyin lalata.

Don kulawa da rigakafin atherosclerosis, dole ne a lura da abinci mai mahimmanci na musamman. Zai fi kyau a bi abin da ake amfani da karancin abinci mai ɗauke da ƙwayoyi. Ya ware amfani da irin wadannan kayayyaki:

• M nama da kifi yi jita-jita,
• cakulan, muffin, kek da burodin farin,
• pickles, pickled da kyafaffen jita-jita,
• m madara kayayyakin,
• saukaka abinci, abinci mai sauri, trans mai,
• kofi mai karfi da baƙar fata, shayi.

Madadin haka, abincin ya sami wadataccen abinci tare da nau'ikan mai mai mai da kifi, ganye, kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa, samfuran lactic acid mai ƙarancin abinci, gurasar launin ruwan kasa da hatsi iri-iri.

An bayyana tasirin atherosclerosis akan gabobin ciki a cikin bidiyon a wannan labarin.

• Yana daidaita matakan sukari na dogon lokaci
• Maido da aikin samarda insulin

Babban coefficient na atherogenicity

Atherosclerosis cuta ce wanda aka yi magana game da sakamakonsa masu haɗari game da kwanan nan. An kafa shi cewa mutanen da ke fama da cutar atherosclerosis suna da haɓakar ƙwayoyin cutar atherogenic (CA). Suna sau 6 sau 8 don ganin likita tare da alamun cututtukan zuciya, kuma sau 4 ana iya zuwa asibiti tare da zargin infarction na myocardial infarction ko bugun jini. Hanyar pathogenetic na haɓakar cutar ta ƙunshi ƙayyadaddiyar mai mai mai rauni da kuma samuwar abin da ake kira "cholesterol plaques" a saman farfajiyar jiragen ruwa, wanda ke daɗaɗɗen katako na tasoshin, yana lalata zubar jini ga dukkan gabobin kuma yana iya ƙara haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da na kwakwalwa.

Kayan aiki na atherogenicity - maɓalli mai nuna alamar bayanan lipid

Abun kula da atherogenicity - tsari ne mai ma'ana don rabo na tsoka da ƙarancin lipoproteins mai yawa, yana nuna ƙimar ci gaban atherosclerosis.

Duk lipids na jiki ko dai sun zo da abinci ne ko kuma suna cikin hanta. Tunda fats suna hydrophobic a cikin yanayi, baza su iya yada jini ba tare da yardar rai ba. Don motsi, ana buƙatar kariyar sunadarai na apoprotein na musamman. Kwayoyin sunadarai na lipids da sunadarai ake kira lipoprotein.

Tsarin kwayoyi na kitse na iya samun adadinsu dabam daban. Sabili da haka, duk ƙwayoyin da ke gudana a cikin jini sun kasu kashi biyu mafi girma na lipoproteins (HDL), ƙarancin lipoproteins (LDL) da ƙarancin ƙima (VLDL). LDL da VLDL ana ɗaukarsu “mai cutarwa” ne mai kitse. Fiye da haka, sun zaunar a jikin bangon bangon jijiya, ana karfafa su ta hanyar kayan haɗin kai, calcifications da kuma kayan kwalliyar ƙwayoyin atherosclerotic (cholesterol). Irin wadannan lamuran suna takaita da katsewar tasoshin, suna hana rushewar jini zuwa ga gabobin da kyallen takarda. Musamman zuciya da kwakwalwa suna tasiri, suna buƙatar wadataccen oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki.Babban lipoproteins mai yawa, akasin haka, ana kiran su "amfani" lipids, yayin da suke canza kitse zuwa sel jikin, sabili da haka, rage natsuwa cikin jini da tsaftataccen jijiyoyin ajiyar kayan abinci mai kyau.

'Coeffheff na atherogenic alama ce ta nuna yawan rabo' mai ƙoshin lafiya da '' mai cutarwa '. An ƙaddara shi bayan an samo sakamakon gwajin jini na ƙwayar cuta don maganin lipids kuma ƙididdigar ta ƙididdigar ta ce:

KA = (jimlar cholesterol - HDL) / HDL

KA = (LDL + VLDL) / HDL (ƙirar tana buƙatar furofayil na lipid mai fa'ida don yin nazari ba wai kawai ƙaƙƙarfan lipoproteins mai yawa ba).

Ka'idarsa ta dogara da kayan aiki na wani dakin gwaje-gwaje na musamman, amma a matsakaita yana da 2-3 .. Tare da rashin isasshen matakin HDL, za a ƙara. A wasu halayen, zai iya kaiwa 7-8 kuma yana buƙatar matakan likita masu tsauri. Rage ƙarancin atherogenic a aikin likita yana da wuya.

Masu karatun mu sunyi nasarar amfani da Aterol don rage cholesterol. Ganin shahararrun kayan wannan samfurin, mun yanke shawarar ba da shi ga hankalin ku.

Me ake nufi da babban atherogenic index?

Increasedara yawan matakan atherogenic coefficient alama ce mara kyau. Tunda wannan mahimmancin mahimmanci ne, yana iya canzawa cikin rayuwa kuma ya bambanta ko da a cikin marasa lafiya da keɓaɓɓen matakin cholesterol. Misali, mai nuna alamar cholesterol a cikin dukkan masu ziyartar asibitin shine 5.5 mmol / L. A ɗayan ɗayansu, mafi yawanci ana wakilta shi ta hanyar wadataccen lipoproteins, saboda haka, atherogenic index zai kasance tsakanin iyakoki na al'ada, kuma haɗarin haɓakar atherosclerosis zai zama ƙasa. Akasin haka, idan LDL ya mamaye HDL, har ma da kwayar cholesterol na al'ada, za a haɓaka ƙoshin lafiya, kuma za a ba da haƙuri ga likitan da aka yi ƙoƙarin rage shi.

Saboda haka, atherogenic index za a iya kira shi da prognostic nuna: yana kimanta haɗarin rikice-rikice na atherosclerosis (marcardial infarction, bugun jini) a cikin haƙuri tare da babban cholesterol. Choarin cholesterol ba koyaushe alama ce ta atherosclerosis. Idan an ƙirƙira shi yafi saboda HDL, haɗarin cutar jijiyoyin jiki karami ne. Yawan cinyewar LDL a tsarin gitsowar da ke jikin mutum ya fi hadari. Idan ƙirar atherogenic ta ƙaru, dole ne ka nemi likitanka don ƙirƙirar shirin magani da matakan kariya.

Dalilai na kara yawan masu aiki

Mai haƙuri mai mahimmanci atherogenic index ba sau da yawa ba a lura da mai haƙuri. Babban haɗarin haɗari shine salon rayuwa wanda aka kafa a lokacin ƙuruciya, kuma mutum yana bin sa duk rayuwa. Sabili da haka, lokacin da aka gano matakan haɓaka mai girma a cikin jinin mai haƙuri, ana bada shawara don bincika membobin gidansa.

Dalilan da ya haifar da mahaifa atherogenic:

1. Rashin cin abinci mara kyau. Tabbas, yawan kitse abu ne mai mahimmanci kuma mai mahimmanci ga mutum don yin ayyuka da yawa a cikin jiki (alal misali, cholesterol shine kayan gini don membranes cell da hormones adrenal, LDL shine jigilar fitsari da ke ɗauke da su daga ƙananan hanji don ƙarin canje-canje na ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin hanta, HDL - lipoprotein, wanda ke canza fitsari daga hanta zuwa sel kwayoyin halitta). Sabili da haka, zaka iya kuma koda buƙatar haɗa fats a cikin abincin yau da kullun. Amma ba duka ƙashin lafiya suke daidai ba. Dalilin ƙarancin atherogenic shine yawan ƙima na yawan kitse na dabbobi da aka samo a cikin nama mai kitse, mai, mai, kashe (ƙodan, kwakwalwar), sausages, man shanu, madara mai kitse da kayan kiwo, ƙyallen ƙwai.
2. Hakanan hauhawar jini na wucin gadi na iya haɓaka coheffis na atherogenic. A cewar kididdigar, hawan jini matsala ce ta 35-40% na mazaunan ƙasashe masu tasowa sama da shekara 45. Matsa lamba sama da 140/90 mm Hg. Art. tsokani yana haifar da sautin jijiyoyin jiki, wanda hakan ke shafar bayarda jini ga gabobin da kyallen takarda. Gaskiyar ita ce an tsara jijiyoyin jini don wani matsin lamba: gajeriyar gajeriyar su ta yiwu yayin wasanni ko yanayi mai wahala, irin wannan nauyin yana "tattara" kayan jikin mutum, sake tsara yadda jini yake gudana. Tare da hauhawar jijiyoyin jini, sautin jijiyoyin bugun jini a koyaushe yana ba da gudummawa ga lalacewarsu, kuma ƙananan ƙwayoyin lipoprotein marasa ƙarfi da sauri suna kan microtraumas.
3. Shan sigari kuma na iya haɓaka cokishen atherogenic. Aukewar hayaki na yau da kullun yana haifar da rage yawan jijiyoyin oxygen da microgonage na dindindin zuwa tasoshin jini. Lipids tare da platelets da sauri suna cika waɗannan raunuka, da kuma siffofin ƙwayoyin cuta na jini (atherosclerotic (cholesterol)).
4. Almubazzarancin giya yana haifar da sake farfadowa na aikin jijiyoyin bugun jini. Kayan jijiyoyi (na sama) na fadada, da na gani, suna wadatar da zuciya, kwakwalwa da sauran gabobin ciki, kunkuntar. Saboda haka, samar da jini ga gabobin da tsarin aiki ya rikice, microdamages suna fitowa ne a cikin hanyoyin jirgin da ke kunkuntar, kuma magudanun cholesterol.
5. Wani dalili na karuwar adadin shine nau'in ciwon sukari na II II. Wannan cuta na rayuwa shine sanadin wuce haddi na glucose (sukari) a cikin jini. Kwayoyinta suna lalata mummunan bango na ciki na arteries, kuma adadin adadi na manyan magunan cholesterol. Bugu da ƙari, tare da ciwon sukari, ba wai kawai carbohydrate ba, amma har da metabolism mai narkewa: marasa lafiya da wannan cutar suna da haɗari ga kiba, har ma da abinci. Paukar lipids a cikin jiki tare da ciwon sukari na iya haifar da haɓaka mai haɓaka.
6. Kiba shine wani dalilin da zai iya sa a sami ƙarfin mahaifa. Akwai dalilai da yawa waɗanda ke haifar da kiba, mafi yawancin sune alimentary (cin abinci na yau da kullun na adadin kuzari, abinci mai-mai-yawa) da endocrine (rikice-rikice iri daban-daban na ka'idojin hormonal na matakai masu mahimmanci). Tare da kiba, matakin lipids a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa, haɗarin ƙirƙirar nuna alama mai haɓaka da haɓakar atherosclerosis yana ƙaruwa.
7. Tarihin dangi. Likitoci sun lura cewa galibi ana samun isasshen maganin atherogenic a cikin mutanen da kusancin dangi ke fama da cutar atherosclerosis, cututtukan zuciya, kuma suna fama da bugun zuciya daya ko fiye. Sabili da haka, an ba da shawarar cewa duk mutane masu tarihin dangi suna da gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun da gwaje-gwaje don cholesterol da bayanan lipid.
8. Halin rayuwa mai tsaka tsaki ya fara sanannu ne saboda abubuwan da zasu iya haɓaka cocin na atherogenic. An tabbatar da cewa mutanen da ke jagorantar rayuwa mai aiki ba su iya fuskantar ƙarancin atherogenicity.

Duk waɗannan dalilai suna shafar jikin mutum na dogon lokaci, don haka karuwa a cikin atherogenic coefficient ya zama ruwan dare lokacin da ya haura shekaru 40. Koyaya, a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, ana samun karuwar ma'aunin kwayoyin atherogenicity a cikin yara masu shekaru 13-15 masu shekaru, sabili da haka, nazarin halayen lipid yana ƙara zama sananne.

Hadarin na kara haduwa

A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, ƙara yawan atherogenicity ya kasance asymptomatic, da yawa suna da ra'ayin cewa wannan yanayin ba shi da haɗari kuma baya buƙatar magani. Yana da irin wannan ruɗar ce ake cewa atherosclerosis ana kiranta “mai kisa mai taushi,” tunda haɗarin cholesterol plaques da coeffic mai ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta sune rikice-rikice masu rikitarwa waɗanda zasu haifar da mutuwa.

Hadaddiyar da ta samu gurɓataccen mahaifa atherogenic:

1. 1. Babban myocardial infarction. Jinin zuciya shine mafi dorewa a cikin jiki. Tana yin wani babban aiki na yin ɗimbin jini a duk rayuwar mutum. Saboda haka, samarda jini ga zuciyar mutum yakamata ya faru ba tare da bata lokaci ba. Oxygen-mai jini yana shiga zuciya ta hanyar jijiyoyin zuciya.

Tare da haɓakar ƙwayar cutar atherogenic, akwai haɗarin haɗari na samuwar plasta cholesterol a saman ciki na dukkanin tasoshin jiki, ciki har da na jijiyoyin jini. Ko da karancin takaitaccen jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki wadanda ke ciyar da zuciya yakan haifar da keta hadadden tsarin jininsa. An bayyana su ta hanyar jan, zafi mai zafi a bayan sternum, yana tsananta ta hanyar motsa jiki. Idan lumen na jijiyoyin zuciya ke cikin ruhi “a hankali” tare da adibas mai kitse, ko ba jima ko ba haka ba irin wannan mummunar cuta kamar yadda zazzuwa ta zuciya.

Sake dawo da marasa lafiya bayan infarction myocardial yana da tsawo da wahala. Irin waɗannan marasa lafiya suna buƙatar kulawa ta rayuwa ta hanyar likitancin zuciya da farfadowa na yau da kullun.

1. Cutar mahaukaciyar zuciya, ko kuma hadarin mahalli. Kwakwalwa wata sashin jiki ce da ke buƙatar ciwan oxygen, glucose da abubuwan gina jiki. Rashin wadataccen jini ga ƙwayar jijiya a lokacin atherosclerosis na iya haifar da wannan mummunan yanayin a matsayin bugun jini - mutuwar wani ɓangare na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa tare da haɓaka bayyanar cututtuka na jijiyoyin jiki - inna, asarar hankali, haɗuwa da matsalolin numfashi, har zuwa talauci da mutuwa.

Yadda za a rage coeffic ɗin atherogenic: ka'idodin kulawa

Idan akwai matakan haɓaka na HDL a cikin gwaje-gwajen jini, coeffic na atherogenic kuma yana iya zama ya fi yadda ake al'ada. Saboda haka, babban maƙasudin magani tare da babban ma'aunin atherogenicity shine rage taro na "cutarwa" LP da kuma yawan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jini ta hanyar haɓaka "amfani" HDL.

Za'a iya rage ƙimar atherogenic ta amfani da waɗannan matakan gaba:

1. Abincin Rage ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta tsari ne mai tsawo. Mataki na farko koyaushe ba magani bane kuma, musamman, cin abinci. Likitocin kwantar da hankali sun ba da shawarar iyakance ko kuma kawar da abinci mai-ƙarfi na cholesterol daga abinci - ƙwanƙasaccen naman alade da mutton, man alade, naman alade, sausages da sausages, kirim mai nauyi da sauran kayayyakin kiwo, ƙyallen kwai. Duk waɗannan abubuwan suna haifar da adadin ƙwayoyin cholesterol kuma ba'a da amfani tare da babban coefficient na atherogenicity. Akasin haka, abincin da ke da ƙoshin lafiya, mai ƙoshin mai da HDL yakamata a haɗa shi cikin abincin. Waɗannan sun haɗa da: mai na kayan lambu (likitoci sun ba da shawarar yin salati na kayan lambu a kowace rana, a cikin kayan yaji da sunflower ko man zaitun), jan kifi, kwayoyi.
2. Canjin rayuwa. Don rage ƙima, kuna buƙatar dakatar da shan taba da shan giya. An ba da shawarar yin tafiya na yau da kullun a cikin tsararren iska, yin wasan motsa jiki, shiga wasanni da aka yarda da likita (yin iyo, tafiya, tafiya, hawa doki, da sauransu).
3. Jiyya na concomitant cututtuka. Magungunan rigakafin yau da kullun na rigakafin ƙwayar cuta (saurin matsin lamba) don hauhawar jini: ƙimar matsin lamba ga marasa lafiya masu hauhawar jini ya kamata ya kasance a matakin 130-140 / 80 mm Hg. Art. kuma a kasa. Hakanan, marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari na mellitus, waɗanda ke da ƙididdigar ƙwayar cutar atherogenicity, ana nuna su bin tsarin abincin ba kawai tare da ƙuntataccen fats na dabbobi ba, har ma da sauƙin narkewa carbohydrates da sukari. Yawancin lokaci ana buƙatar taro na glucose a cikin jini ta hanyar shan magunguna masu rage sukari.
4. Rage kiba a cikin kiba Tattaunawar Lafiya Jiki
5. Idan za ta yiwu, ka cire ko rage yanayin damuwa a wurin aiki da kuma a gida.

Magunguna na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta na atherogenicity wanda ke da wadataccen ya ƙunshi rage yawan ƙwayoyin lipoproteins da yawa da jimlar ƙwayar cuta a cikin jini, kawar da abubuwan haɗarin cutar pathogenetic don haɓakar ƙwaƙwalwar atherosclerotic. Magungunan da ke rage rashin wadatar atherogenicity sun haɗa da:

• Statins (Atorvostatin, Rozuvostatin, Simvastatin) sune magunguna mafi inganci waɗanda zasu iya rage yawan atherogenic. Suna rage aikin cholesterol a cikin hanta da kashi 30%, suna rage yawan kuzarin abinci mai yawa, kuma suna haɓaka. Dangane da kididdiga, yin amfani da mutum-mutumi na yau da kullun na tsawon shekaru 5 ko sama da haka yana rage hadarin bunkasa rikitar cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerosis da kashi 40%.
• Fibrates (Ciprofibrate, Fenofibrate) - wani rukuni na kwayoyi don rage jimlar cholesterol da atherogenic coefficient. Kamar statins, fibrates ƙananan matakan LDL da ƙara matakan HDL.
• Masu neman madaidaicin bile acid (cholestyramine) - hanyar da ke ɗaure kitse mai a cikin hanji da kuma hana shan su a cikin jini. A da can ana amfani da shi azaman kwayoyi don asarar nauyi. Sau da yawa ana wajabta ƙari ban da statins da fibrates, don haɓaka aikin su.

Wanene aka ba da shawarar rage coeffic atherogenic

Decreasearin raguwa a cikin wannan alamar yana faruwa sau ɗaya a matsayin ɓangare na ƙwaƙƙwaran jiyya na atherosclerosis. A matsayinka na doka, irin waɗannan marasa lafiya an riga an yi masu rajista tare da likita kuma ana lura dasu don cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini ko disseculopathy encephalopathy (filayen cholesterol a cikin tasoshin kwakwalwa). Suna iya yin gunaguni na jan abu sau tari, jin zafi a kirji, gazawar numfashi, rashin haƙuri, ciwon kai, asarar ƙwaƙwalwa. Yawanci, a cikin nazarin irin waɗannan masu haƙuri, akwai gagarumar karuwa a cikin yawan ƙwayoyin cholesterol da manyan dyslipidemia.

Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a kula da karuwa a cikin ƙwayoyin atherogenic a farkon cutar, lokacin da aka bayyana abubuwan da ke haifar da tasirin mai mai yawa. Ko da cikakkun mutanen da ke da ƙoshin lafiya waɗanda ba su da koke-koke ana ba da shawara su yi bincike don magance cholesterol da lipoproteins sau ɗaya kowace shekara 3-5. Hankali mai kyau ga lafiyar ka da kuma yin gwaje-gwaje na rigakafi na yau da kullun zasu taimaka wajen kula da lafiya da tsawon rai.

Mene ne atherosclerosis na ciki, alamu da hanyoyin magani

Atherosclerosis na aorta - menene? Shin wannan cutar tana da takamaiman abubuwan da ke haifar da bayyananniyar alamu da ke ba da damar gane shi a farkon matakan? Menene haɗarin irin wannan ilimin?

Yi la'akari da tsarin ci gaban cutar, wanda magani na zamani yake amfani dashi da kuma yadda za'a iya gujewa, idan ba cutar kanta ba, to ci gabanta ne.

Atherosclerosis na ciki aorta da makamar ci gabanta

Atherosclerosis cuta ne wanda ke karuwa sosai a cikin mutane daban-daban, ba tare da la'akari da jinsi ba. Tare da ci gabanta, tasoshin jikin mutum duka yana shafar su. Babban dalilin shine matakin hauhawar cholesterol da kuma bayyanar lamuran kwalliya (atherosclerotic) plaques wadanda suka toshe bakin jirgi.

Aorta na ciki wakili ne na manyan tasoshin. Ita ce "magabata" na jijiyoyin jini waɗanda ke ba da jini ga dukkan gabobin ciki da ƙananan gabobi. Atherosclerosis na aorta wata cuta ce mai wahala, kuma tana haifar da rikice-rikice masu yawa mara dadi.

Matakan ci gaban canje-canje na cututtukan cuta a cikin aorta kamar haka:

• atherosclerosis na ciki aorta fara da samuwar da kuma ajiyar wurare daban-daban a cikin wannan jirgi,
• da sannu a hankali plalog rufe jirgin, ragewa lumen. A wani lokaci, motsin jini ta cikin wannan jirgin yana da wahala sosai,
• Sakamakon haka, gabobin ciki na ƙananan jikin mutum sun fara fama da rashin abinci mai gina jiki tare da iskar oxygen. Aikinsu kai tsaye ya dogara da samar da jini, wanda ya samar da ciki,
• Canje-canje na Ischemic a cikin kyallen takarda yana farawa, tare da sclerosis da necrosis.

Yin haƙuri da wannan lokaci na ilimin likita yana ba da damar kawar da rikice-rikice da suka samo asali daga yanayin ƙwayar rauni na jini.Amma insidiousness na cutar ita ce cewa farkon ganewar asali matsala ne sosai saboda blurry ko cikakken rashin bayyanar cututtuka.

Bayyanar cututtuka da Sanadin

Atherosclerosis na aorta na ciki zasu sami alamun cutar atherosclerosis baki daya, amma a lokaci guda, alamomin suna da alaƙa da shafin lalacewa mafi girma. Wato, wanda wane sashin jiki ya fi shafar rashin isashshen sunadarin oxygen tare da abubuwan gina jiki. Kodan da hanjinsu sun fi kamuwa da irin wannan tasirin.

A sakamakon haka, alamu za a danganta su da waɗannan gabobin:

1. Rage nauyi ba tare da wani tabbataccen dalili ba. Abincin ya kasance iri ɗaya, amma mutum yana rasa nauyi. Weight baya tafiya da sauri, amma a hankali.
2. Abubuwa masu narkewar cuta na faruwa ne lokaci-lokaci lokaci-lokaci, sannan a hankali. Akwai ƙaruwar rashin ƙarfi, wani lokacin ana jin ƙwannafi. Stool din ya karye, galibi yana zawo, marassa galihu - maƙarƙashiya.
3. Bayan cin abinci, ciwon ciki na faruwa. Ba su da zafin rai, suna ciwo, mara nauyi a cikin yanayi kuma ba da daɗewa ba za su ragu.
4. Hakanan, bayan cin abinci, akwai jin cikakken ciki da matsanancin nauyi a cikin ciki, yawanci a cikin ƙananan ɓangare.
5. Yawan fitsari yana raguwa a kan asalin karuwar urination. Akwai jin cewa bai cika cikakkiyar ƙwanji na mafitsara ba.
6. Janar rauni, gajiya mara dalili har a farkon ranar.
7. Sakamakon yawan maye jikin mutum, ana iya samun karuwa a yawan zafin jiki zuwa ga alamu na 'yan karkara.
8. Budewar yatsun hannun gaɓoɓinsu saboda lalacin aiki na kumburi, kumburin fuska. Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka ana bayyana su da safe.

Daga cikin abubuwanda ke haifar da cutar rashin jijiyoyin mahaifa sune kamar haka:

• ɗaukar nauyi. Haka kuma, wannan na iya zama ainihin tsinkayar ci gaban atherosclerosis saboda halayen tafiyar matakai na rayuwa ko damuwa da rashin haihuwa a cikin su,
• karancin motsa jiki sakamakon ci gaban kimiyya da fasaha da kuma takamaiman aiki na masana,
• tasirin abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli, musamman kan martanin garkuwar jiki,
• akai-akai bayyanuwa ga damuwa yanayi,
• ciwon sukari mellitus
• cututtuka, da maye na jiki,
• kiba
• mummunan halaye.

Siffofin pathology da hanyoyin magani

Hanyar cutar na iya samun digiri daban na rashin ƙarfi.

Dangane da waɗannan alamura, akwai wasu hanyoyin nazarin:

• Lokacin haila. An kwatanta shi da cikakkiyar rashin bayyanar cututtuka. Hatta hanyoyin bincike na kayan aiki ba su nuna kasancewar canje-canje na cututtukan cuta a cikin aorta na ciki ba. Abinda kawai ke nuna tsoro na cutar shine haɓaka cholesterol da kasancewar ɓarkewar beta-lipoprotein a cikin ilimin halittar jini. Kula da cutar a wannan matakin ya zama mafi sauki. Wasu lokuta kawai matakan rigakafi da gyaran likita na cholesterol ake buƙata.

• Boye (latent) lokacin. Mai haƙuri har yanzu bazai iya jin alamun cutar mai barazanar ba, amma nazarin kayan aiki ya nuna canje-canje a cikin yanayin aorta na ciki. Rage aikin metabolism.
• Zamanin rashin takamaiman bayyanar cututtuka. Sau da yawa akwai alamun gama gari na ischemia, waɗanda suka rikice tare da bayyanuwar hauhawar jini. A wannan matakin, ƙwararren likita zai iya gano cutar bayan jerin matakan bincike. Jiyya yawanci shine ra'ayin mazan jiya.
• Haɓaka ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar jijiya mara nauyi (toshewa). Canje-canje mai zurfi a cikin kyallen gabobin da abin ya shafa ya ci gaba. Bayyanar cututtuka ba shi da wahala musamman. Jiyya a wannan matakin na iya zama mai ra'ayin mazan jiya ko tiyata.

Tare da atherosclerosis na aorta, ana amfani da hanyoyin bincike daban-daban. Jiyya zai dogara da tsananin cutar, yanayin janar na haƙuri, kasancewar cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa da halayen mutum.

Kula da ra'ayin mazan jiya sun haɗa da haɗaɗɗiyar hanyar magance matsalar. An tsara hanya ta kwayoyi, wanda aka yi niyya don runtse cholesterol jini, inganta yanayin tasoshin jini, ƙarfafa rigakafi. A cikin kowane yanayi, ana tsara magunguna daban-daban, la'akari da halayen mai haƙuri da kuma irin cutar tasa.

Neman lokaci na lokaci zai taimaka wajen guje wa rikice-rikice kamar ischemia na gabobin ciki da ƙananan hanji, necrosis da fibrosis na kyallen takarda. A cikin mafi yawan lokuta, mummunar sakamako mai yiwuwa ne.