Atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis: jiyya, sanadin, hanawa

Atherosclerosis yana shafar tasoshin kowane mutum na uku a duniya. Wannan shine aiwatar da ƙirƙirar filayen "kitse" a bango na arteries ko veins, wanda zai iya isa zuwa babban girman - har zuwa 7-12 cm a diamita. Tare da haɓaka tasirinsu, ƙwayar jirgin zata iya haɗuwa gabaɗaya, wanda hakan zai haifar da ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki ko tsawan jini a ciki. Samuwar ire-iren ire-iren wadannan jijiyoyin a cikin tsokar wadatar zuciya suna haifar da haifar da cututtukan ischemic (wanda aka rage shi azaman IHD) da kuma atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis.

Idan a farkon lamari, canje-canje a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta sau da yawa ana iya juyawa (banda shi ne haɓakar bugun zuciya), to tare da cututtukan zuciya, lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya yana rayuwa har abada. A cikin myocardium, yaduwar ƙwayar haɗin haɗin kai yana faruwa, saboda wanda aikinsa ya ragu kuma, a sakamakon haka, dukkanin kwayoyin zasu iya wahala.

Sanadin cututtukan zuciya

Ba a san ainihin abin da ke haifar da atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis ba. Likitoci sun yi imanin cewa mafi mahimmanci sune yawan adadin lipids a cikin jini (musamman LDL, cholesterol) da lalacewar jijiyoyin jini (tare da saukar da matsi, kumburi, da dai sauransu). Mafi yawan lokuta, ana lura da wannan yanayin a cikin mutanen da ke da dalilai masu haɗari:

• Halittar jini - idan a dangi da yawa sun sha wahala daga atherosclerosis, akwai yuwuwar samun ci gaba cikin zuriya,
• Shekaru - bayan shekaru 50, allunan "kitse" a kan jiragen ruwa suna yin saurin sauri fiye da lokacin samari. Wannan ya faru ne sakamakon raguwar hanyoyin haɓakawa, raguwa a cikin aikin hanta da canje-canje a bango na jijiyoyin jiki. Saboda haka, lipids ya kewaya cikin jini ya fi tsayi kuma ya sauƙaƙa sauƙi akan jijiyoyin,
• Jima'i - bisa ga ƙididdiga, maza sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar atherosclerosis fiye da matan da ke ba da kariya ta hanyar kwayoyin halittar jima'i (kafin menopause),
• Mummunan halaye - shan sigari,
• Kiba mai yawa - an ƙaddara ta ƙayyadadden takamaiman (nauyin jiki a kg / tsawo 2) Idan ƙimar da aka samu ta ƙasa da 25, to ana ɗaukar nauyin al'ada,
• Cututtukan rikice-rikice - ciwon sukari (musamman nau'in na biyu), karancin thyroid (hypothyroidism), gazawar hanta, hauhawar jini (hawan jini sama da 140/90).

Kasancewar koda da guda ɗaya yana ƙara haɗarin cutar atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis. Wannan tsari koyaushe ana yin sa a hankali, saboda haka yana da wahala isa a tantance kasancewar sa cikin lokaci, ba tare da faɗakarwa ba. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar sanin inda cutar ta fara da kuma yadda take ci gaba.

Ta yaya atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis ke haɓaka?

Da farko dai, dole ne mutum ya canza jigon fitsarin jini. Matsayin lipids mai “lahani” yana ƙaruwa (LDL), kuma “fa'idodi” yana raguwa (HDL). Saboda wannan, tasoshin kitse suna bayyana a jikin bangon jijiyoyin zuciya. Ba shi yiwuwa a gano su yayin rayuwa, tunda ba su tsokane bayyanar kowace alama.

Bayan haka, lipids, tare da sel jini (platelet) suna ci gaba da zama a cikin yankin ginin, suna yin cikakken plaque. Yayinda yake girma, sai a ɗan rufe wani bangare. A wannan lokacin, mutumin yana damuwa da alamun farko na cututtukan zuciya. Idan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ta zauna a cikin wannan halin na dogon lokaci (na shekaru da yawa) kuma mara lafiya ba ya shan magungunan rage ƙwayar lipid, atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis ya bayyana. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, yana yaduwa a cikin yanayin - ƙananan foci yana faruwa a sassa daban-daban na ƙwayar zuciya.

Ba tare da magani ba, cutar tana ci gaba a hankali - yawan ƙwayar haɗin haɗin kai yana ƙaruwa, a maimakon myocardium na al'ada. Sauran ƙwayoyin tsoka suna girma, suna ƙoƙari su kula da aikin zuciya na yau da kullun. A sakamakon haka, wannan yana haifar da ƙarancinsa da bayyanar alamun bayyanar cututtuka.

Bayyanar cututtuka na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis

Marasa lafiya suna gabatar da manyan rukunoni biyu na gunaguni - kan bayyanar cututtuka na jijiyoyin zuciya da kuma alamun rashin nasarar zuciya. Na farko shine raɗaɗi, wanda alamomin halayyar za su iya gane shi. An bayyana su duka cikin takaddun tambaya na musamman, suna amsa tambayoyin wanne, mai haƙuri zai iya zargin IHD da kansa.

Angina pectoris ko Prinzmetal - matsakaici / ƙananan ƙarfi,

Rashin angina pectoris wanda ba a iya gani ba - bayyanar tsananin zafin zai yiwu. Marasa lafiya na iya “daskarewa” yayin tashin hankali, saboda yana tsoron ƙara cutar da cutar.

Tare da kowane irin cututtukan zuciya na zuciya (sai dai ciwon zuciya), zafin zai tafi bayan shan Nitroglycerin. Idan ya ci gaba fiye da minti 10 - wannan lokaci ne don tuntuɓar motar asibiti.

Tare da angina mai tsayayye, zafin yana ɓacewa da sauri bayan ɗan gajeren hutawa (a cikin minti 5-7).

Baya ga alamomin da ke sama, mai haƙuri tare da atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis na iya gano alamun gazawar zuciya:

• Rage numfashi wanda yakan faru yayin aiki. Mafi sau da yawa, marasa lafiya suna lura da shi yayin hawa hawa ko tafiya don tsananin nisa (fiye da mita 400). Tare da ci gaba da wadatar zuciya, numfashi mara lafiya na iya zama da wahala ko da a hutawa,
• Edema - a cikin matakan farko, ƙafafun kawai suna shafar (a cikin ɓangaren ƙafa da ƙafafu). Bayan haka, edema na iya faruwa a cikin jiki, gami da gabobin ciki,
• Canje-canje a cikin fata da kusoshi - marasa lafiya tare da ciwo mai mahimmanci cardiosclerosis lura da sanyaya daga hannaye da ƙafa, fata mai bushewa koyaushe. Rashin gashi da lalatawar ƙusoshin suna yiwuwa (sun samo siffar zagaye, suna zama convex),
• Rage matsin lamba (a ƙasa 100/70 mm Hg) yana fitowa ne kawai daga bangon canji mai mahimmanci a cikin myocardium. Sau da yawa tare da yawan zafin rai da bushewar lokaci-lokaci.

Hakanan, atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis zai iya kasancewa tare da damuwa na rudani, bayyanar ji na "bugun zuciya" da "damuwa" a cikin aikin zuciya. Koyaya, waɗannan alamun ba su faruwa ba.

Bayyanar cututtuka na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis

Ana iya zargin Atherosclerosis ta hanyar yin nazarin jinin mai haƙuri. Don yin wannan, ya isa don yin nazarin ƙirar ƙwayoyin cuta, a cikin abin da ya kamata a duba alamun da ke gaba:

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Don tabbatar da kasancewar cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis, likitoci suna amfani da kayan aikin bincike. Hanyoyi masu zuwa sun fi yawa a Rasha:

• ECG bincike ne mai arha da wadatar ruwa wanda zai baka damar shakkar ciwon zuciya sakamakon kasancewar ischemia na wasu bangarorin zuciya,
• Duban dan tayi na zuciya (echocardiography) ita ce mafi sauki hanyar gano kwayar haɗi maimakon myocardium, don tantance yawan cututtukan cututtukan cuta da girman su.
• Coronary angiography shine hanya mafi dacewa da tsada don gano atherosclerosis. Ana gudanar da binciken ne kawai a cikin manyan asibitoci, tunda yana buƙatar kayayyaki masu tsada, kayan aiki da ƙwararrun ƙwararrun likitoci. Daidaitaccen tsari na algorithm na angiography kamar haka:
  1. Ta hanyar jijiyoyin mahaifa, likitan tiyata ya saka wani babban katako mai (bututu na bakin ciki) wanda zai kai ga kai ga aorta zuwa jijiyoyin zuciya,
  2. An gabatar da wakilin bambanci a cikin babban catheter,
  3. Auki hoton yanki na zuciya ta kowane hanyar X-ray (mafi yawanci ana lissafin wannan tomography).

Bayan tabbatar da cutar, likitoci sun ba da cikakken magani. Yana hana ci gaban cutar, rage tsananin alamun bayyanar da rage hadarin kamuwa da bugun zuciya, wanda shine sanadiyyar mutuwar mutane a irin wannan mara lafiya.

Jiyya na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis

Da farko dai, ana ba da shawarar marasa lafiya da su bi tsarin abincin da aka sa a rage yawan ruwan lemo. Yana nuna warƙar da soyayyen, gari, an sha da kayan abinci mai gishiri. Teburin haƙuri yakamata ya ƙunshi soyayyen kayan yaji a cikin maraƙi, hatsi, nama mai cin abinci (kaza, naman maroki, turkey) da kayan kayan lambu (kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa).

Yakamata mai haƙuri ya daidaita salon rayuwarsa don inganta tasirin magani. Dosed motsa jiki na jiki (yin iyo, tafiya na yau da kullun, gudanar da haske) ana buƙatar, wanda zai taimaka wajen kawar da nauyi mai yawa, da kuma ƙara haƙuri (haƙuri) ga damuwa.

Ingantaccen magani na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis ba zai yiwu ba tare da bin shawarwarin da ke sama ba, amma ingantaccen magani shima yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ya hada da wadannan kungiyoyin magungunan:

• Masu tunani na jini - Aspirin Cardio, Cardiomagnyl. Ana ɗaukar su don hana ci gaban filaye da kuma toshe hanyoyin jini. Amfani da waɗannan magunguna na yau da kullun yana hana infarction na zuciya daga cikin kashi 76%,
• Rage ƙwanƙwasa - Atorvastatin, Rosuvastatin, Simvastatin,
• Taimakawa hare-haren IHD - Nitroglycerin a cikin fesa / allunan a karkashin harshe. Yana aiki kawai na ɗan gajeren lokaci. Tare da rikicewar rikice-rikice akai-akai, ana ba da shawarar siffofin da suka kasance tsawon 8-12 hours: Isosorbide dinitrate ko mononitrate,
• Cire edema - Diuretics Veroshpiron, Spironolactone. Tare da ciwo mai zurfi da ƙoshin edema, alƙawarin Furosemide yana yiwuwa,
• Inganta Haske - Enalapril, Lisinopril, Captopril. Wadannan magungunan suna rage tsananin rauni na zuciya kuma dan kadan rage karfin jini.

Za'a iya inganta wannan makircin tare da wasu kwayoyi, dangane da yanayin mai haƙuri. Idan magunguna ba su iya rage alamun cututtukan atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis, ana ba da shawarar ku je yin tiyata. Ya qunshi inganta hawan jini zuwa ga myocardium ta hanyar fadada jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini (transluminal balloon angioplasty) ko kuma wucewa da zub da jini (jijiyoyin zuciya da jijiyoyin wuya).

Yin rigakafin cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic

Yiwuwar bunkasa wannan ilimin ilimin ƙwayar cuta yana da girma sosai, saboda haka, prophylaxis ya kamata ya fara tun yana ƙarami. Ya ƙunshi a cikin sauƙin daidaita salon rayuwa, da nufin rage matakan rage kiba da hana lalacewar jijiyoyin jiki. Shawarwarin likitocin sune kamar haka:

• Yi motsa jiki aƙalla sau 3 a mako. Gudun, wasanni / tsalle-tsalle da yin iyo suna da kyau;
• Dakatar da shan sigari, amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi da allurai na barasa (ana bada shawarar cinyewa babu giya sama da 100 a kowace rana),
• Lokaci-lokaci gwargwadon matsin lamba da glucose,
• A kai a kai (kowane watanni 6) ɗaukar gidaje multivitamin,
• Iyakance mai kitse, daskararre, abinci mai ƙanshi. Kada a ƙara jita-jita.

Yin rigakafin atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis yafi sauki fiye da magance shi. Ayyukan da ke sama suna taimaka wajan riƙe ingantacciyar rayuwa ga mutum koda a cikin tsufa.

Menene cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic?

Ta yaya irin wannan binciken na “atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis” ba ya wanzu tare da kwararrun ƙwararrunku kar ku ji. Ana amfani da wannan kalmar don kiran sakamakon cututtukan zuciya na zuciya don bayyana canje-canje na cututtukan cututtukan zuciya a cikin myocardium.

An bayyana cutar ta hanyar karuwa sosai a cikin zuciya, musamman, ventricle ta hagu, da rudani. Bayyanar cututtukan cutar suna kama da alamun bayyanar zuciya.

Kafin atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis tasowa, mai haƙuri na iya wahala daga angina pectoris na dogon lokaci.

Cutar ta samo asali ne daga sauyawa kyallen kyallen takarda a cikin cicatricial myocardium, sakamakon ƙwaƙwalwar jijiya arteriosclerosis. Wannan na faruwa ne sakamakon lalacewar jijiyoyin zuciya da karancin isasshen jini zuwa myocardium - bayyanuwar ischemic. Sakamakon haka, a nan gaba, an kirkiro foti da yawa a cikin ƙwayar zuciya, a cikin abin da ake fara aiwatar da aikin necrotic.

Atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis shine “m” ga matsanancin hawan jini, harma da lalacewar cututtukan fata. Sau da yawa, mai haƙuri yana da warin furucin ƙwayoyin cuta da jijiyoyin jini.

Yaya ake kirkirar ilimin halittu?

Lokacin da karamin yanke ya bayyana a jiki, dukkan mu muna kokarin sanya shi marassa karfi bayan warkarwa, amma har yanzu fatar ba za ta sake samun firshin roba ba a wannan wuri - tabo da za su yi. Yanayi mai kama da haka yana faruwa da zuciya.

Scaranta a zuciya na iya bayyana saboda dalilai masu zuwa:

1. Bayan aiwatar da kumburi (myocarditis). A lokacin ƙuruciya, sanadin wannan shine cututtukan da suka gabata, kamar kyanda, amaiza, zazzaɓi. A cikin manya - syphilis, tarin fuka. Tare da jiyya, tsarin kumburi ya ragu kuma baya yaduwa. Amma wani lokacin tabo ya kasance bayan sa, i.e. An maye gurbin ƙwayar tsoka ta hanyar mai wuya kuma baya samun damar yin kwangila. Wannan yanayin ana kiranta myocarditis cardiosclerosis.
2. Da wuya ƙarancin nama zai kasance bayan aikin da aka yi akan zuciya.
3. Jinkirta tsananin myocardial infarction wani nau'in cututtukan zuciya ne. Thearancin da yake haifar da cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta yana da kusan rauni don rushewa, saboda haka yana da matukar muhimmanci a samar da wani lamo mai ɗorewa tare da taimakon jiyya.
4. Atherosclerosis daga cikin tasoshin suna haifar da kunkuntar su, saboda samuwar manyan lamuran cikin cholesterol. Isasshen isashshen oxygen isassun ƙwayoyin tsoka yana haifar da sauyawa a hankali na canzawar ƙwayar mara lafiya. Ana iya samun wannan bayyanar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ta cuta a cikin kusan duk tsofaffi.

Babban dalilin ci gaban ilimin halittar cuta shine samuwar magunan cholesterol a cikin jiragen. A tsawon lokaci, suna ƙaruwa kuma suna tsoma baki tare da motsa jini na yau da kullun, abubuwan gina jiki da oxygen.

Lokacin da lumen ya zama kadan, matsalolin zuciya suna farawa. Yana cikin yanayi mai ɗorewa na hypoxia, sakamakon wanda cututtukan zuciya ke ci gaba, sannan kuma atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis.

Kasancewa cikin wannan halin na dogon lokaci, ana maye gurbin ƙwayoyin tsoka tsoka ta hanyar haɗin kai, kuma zuciya ta daina yin aiki da kyau.

Abubuwan haɗari waɗanda ke haifar da ci gaba da cutar:

• Tsarin kwayoyin halitta
• Jinsi Maza sun fi saurin cutar da mata,
• Kalaman zamani. Cutar na tasowa sau da yawa bayan shekara 50. Tsohuwar mutum, mafi girma da samuwar kwayar cutar cholesterol kuma, a sakamakon haka, cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya,
• Kasancewar munanan halaye,
• Rashin aiki na jiki,
• Cutar tamowa
• Yawan kiba
• Kasancewar cututtukan concomitant, a matsayin mai mulkin, shine ciwon sukari mellitus, gazawar koda, hauhawar jini.

Akwai hanyoyi biyu na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis:

• Rarraba karamin mai da hankali,
• Rarrafa babban mai da hankali.

A wannan yanayin, cutar ta kasu kashi uku:

• Ischemic - yana faruwa ne sakamakon azumin mai tsawo saboda rashin kwararar jini,
• Postinfarction - yana faruwa akan rukunin nama wanda cutar zazzabin ta shafa,
• Hadawa - don wannan nau'ikan alamu biyu na baya suna da halayyar.

Symptomatology

Atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis cuta ce da ke da doguwar hanya, amma ba tare da kulawa ta dace ba, tana ci gaba da samun ci gaba. A farkon matakan, mai haƙuri na iya jin wata alama, sabili da haka, ana iya lura da ɓarna a cikin aikin zuciya kawai akan ECG.

Tare da shekaru, haɗarin jijiyoyin bugun jini na atherosclerosis yana da girma sosai, sabili da haka, koda ba tare da ɓarnawar tsohuwar ƙwayar tsoka ba, mutum zai iya ɗaukar gaban yawancin ƙananan raunuka a zuciya.

• Da farko, mara lafiya yana lura da bayyanar gazawar numfashi, wanda ke bayyana yayin motsa jiki. Tare da haɓakar cutar, yana farawa da dame mutum ko da lokacin jinkirin tafiya. Mutum ya fara jin ƙarin gajiya, rauni kuma ya kasa aiwatar da kowane irin aiki da sauri.
• Akwai raɗaɗi a cikin zuciya, wanda ke ƙaruwa da dare. Hankula da angina harin ba su yanke hukunci. Raɗaɗi yana haskakawa ga ƙudirin hagu, ƙuƙayin kafada, ko hannu.
• Ciwon kai, matsewar hanci da tinnitus sun ba da shawara cewa kwakwalwa na fuskantar matsalar iskar oxygen.
• Ajiyar zuciya tayi ajiyar zuciya. Zai yiwu tachycardia da firamillation na atrial.

Hanyar ganewar asali

Bayyanar cututtuka na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis an yi shi ne a kan tushen tattara tarihin (infarction na baya na baya, kasancewar cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, arrhythmia), bayyanar cututtuka da bayanan da aka samu ta hanyar nazarin dakin gwaje-gwaje.

1. Ana yin ECG akan mai haƙuri, inda alamun ƙarancin rashin jijiyoyin zuciya, kasancewar ƙarancin tabo, ƙwayar zuciya, ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayar cuta na hagu.
2. Ana yin gwajin jini na kwayoyin halitta wanda ke bayyana hypercholesterolemia.
3. Bayanan Echocardiography sun nuna cin zarafi na rashin ƙarfi.
4. Ergometry na keke yana nuna menene matakin lalatawar jini na myocardial.

Don ƙarin ingantaccen ganewar asali na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis, ana iya aiwatar da nazarin mai zuwa: saka idanu na yau da kullun na ECG, zuciya MRI, ventriculography, duban dan tayi na abubuwan jin daɗi, duban dan tayi na rami na ciki, x-ray kirji, rhythmocardiography.

Babu irin wannan maganin don atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis, saboda ba shi yiwuwa a gyara tsokar da ta lalace. Dukkanin aikin kwantar da hankali yana nufin sauƙaƙe bayyanar cututtuka da kuma maganganun ɓarna.

An tsara wasu magunguna ga mai haƙuri har tsawon rayuwarsa. Tabbatar an tsara magunguna waɗanda zasu iya ƙarfafawa da faɗaɗa ganuwar hanyoyin jini. Idan akwai shaida, ana iya yin aikin yayin da manyan filaye a jikin bango na jijiyoyin bugun gini. Tushen magani shine abinci mai dacewa da aiki na zahiri.

Rigakafin cutar

Don hana haɓakar cutar, yana da matukar muhimmanci a fara duba lafiyarku akan lokaci, musamman idan da akwai maganganun ci gaban cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na atherosclerotic a cikin tarihin dangi.

Babban rigakafin shine abinci mai dacewa da kuma rigakafin kiba. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a yi wasan motsa jiki na yau da kullun, ba don jagorantar yanayin rayuwa ba, ziyarci likita a kai a kai da kuma kula da cholesterol na jini.

Yin rigakafin sakandare shine lura da cututtukan da zasu iya tsokani cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic. Game da gano cutar a farkon matakan haɓakawa kuma ya bayar da cewa duk shawarwarin likita ana biye da su, ƙirar zuciya ba za ta iya ci gaba ba kuma hakan zai ba da damar mutum ya jagoranci rayuwa mai cike da tsari.

Menene atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis

Tunanin likita na "cardiosclerosis" yana nufin mummunan cuta na ƙwayar zuciya wanda ke hade da aiwatar da yaduwa ko haɓaka haɓaka ƙwayar haɗin haɗin kai a cikin ƙwayoyin tsoka na myocardial. Akwai nau'ikan cutar a wurin da ake samun rikice-rikice - aortocardiosclerosis da cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin zuciya. Cutar ta danganta da jinkirin yaduwa tare da doguwar tafiya.

Atherosclerosis na jijiya, ko stenotic coronary sclerosis, yana haifar da canje-canje na rayuwa a cikin myocardium da ischemia. A kwana a tashi, ƙwayoyin tsoka suka mutu kuma, cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jiki suna ƙaruwa saboda raguwa da sha'awar sha'awa da tashin hankali. Cardiosclerosis sau da yawa yakan shafi tsofaffi ko tsofaffi.

Babban bayani

Cardiosclerosis (myocardiosclerosis) - aiwatar da mai da hankali ko yadudduka sauyawa na tsokoki na myocardium tare da nama mai haɗin gwiwa. Dangane da etiology, al'ada ce don rarrabe tsakanin myocarditis (saboda myocarditis, rheumatism), atherosclerotic, postinfarction da kuma na farko (tare da haɗin gwiwa na ƙananan yara, fibroelastoses) cardiosclerosis. Atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis a cikin zuciya ana daukar shi azaman bayyanar cututtuka na cututtukan zuciya sakamakon ci gaban atherosclerosis na tasoshin jijiyoyin zuciya. Ana gano cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic a cikin manya-manya da tsofaffi maza.

Mahimmancin Pathology

Menene cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic? Wannan tsari ne na cuta wanda ake maye gurbin zarurrukan tsoka myocardial ta hanyar muryoyin tsoka. Cardiosclerosis na iya bambanta a cikin ilimin etiology na tsarin cututtukan cuta, yana iya zama myocardial, atherosclerotic, Primary da post-infarction.

A cikin zuciya, ana daukar wannan ilimin a matsayin atherosclerosis na tasoshin jijiyoyin jini kuma a matsayin bayyanar cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis a mafi yawan lokuta ana lura da su a cikin manya da tsofaffi maza.

Sanadin cutar atherosclerotic Cardiosclerosis

Binciken da aka yi la'akari da shi yana dogara ne akan raunin atherosclerotic daga cikin tasoshin jijiyoyin jini. Babban abinda yake haifar da ci gaban atherosclerosis wani cin zarafi ne ga tasirin cholesterol, tare da sanya yawan lipids a cikin jijiyoyin jini. Rashin samuwar cututtukan atherosclerosis na da matukar illa ga hauhawar jijiyoyin jini, yanayin kamuwa da cutar vasoconstriction, da yawan wuce haddi na abinci mai tasirin cholesterol.

Atherosclerosis na jijiyar jijiyoyin zuciya yana haifar da taƙaitawa daga katako na jijiyoyin jini, ƙarancin wadatar jini zuwa ga myocardium, yana biye da sauyawa na fizirin tsoka tare da ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayar jijiya (atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis).

Lambar ICD-10

Dangane da lissafin kasa da kasa na goma (ICD 10), wanda ke taimakawa gano cutar a cikin tarihin cutar da zaɓin magani, babu takamaiman lambar don cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na atherosclerotic. Likitoci suna amfani da rufin I 25.1, ma'ana cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic. A wasu halaye, ana amfani da ƙirar 125.5 - ischemic cardiomyopathy ko I20-I25 - cututtukan zuciya na zuciya.

Na dogon lokaci, atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis bazai iya gano shi ba. Bayyanar cututtuka a cikin yanayin rashin jin daɗi galibi suna kuskure ga malaise mai sauƙi. Idan alamun cututtukan zuciya suna fara damuwa a kai a kai, ya kamata ka nemi likita. Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka suna aiki a matsayin dalilin jiyya:

• rauni, rage aiki,
• gazawar numfashi da ke bayyana yayin hutawa,
• zafi a cikin epigastrium,
• tari ba tare da alamun mura ba, tare da huɗowar huhun ciki,
• farhythmia, tachycardia,
• m zafi a cikin sternum, daga ciki zuwa hagu hannu, hannu ko kafada,
• kara damuwa.

Alamar da ba a sani ba na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis shine ƙara girman hanta. Hoto na asibiti game da cutar yana da wahalar ƙayyade, jagorar mai haƙuri kawai ta jagora, suna kama da alamun wasu cututtuka. Bambanci ya ta'allaka ne da cewa a tsawon lokaci, ci gaban tasirin yakan haifar, sun fara bayyana sosai sau da yawa, suna sa halayya ta yau da kullun. A cikin marassa lafiya da keɓaɓɓen ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke da ƙwayar cuta bayan ƙananan ƙwayar cuta, yiwuwar komawa baya ya yi yawa.

Sakamakon sakamako da rikice-rikice

Ana tunanin atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis ta hanyar kullun, sannu a hankali ci gaba. Yawan ci gaba na iya ɗaukar dogon lokaci, amma maimaita yawan hare-hare na rashin jin daɗin jijiyoyin jini a hankali yana haifar da tabarbarewa a cikin yanayin marasa lafiya.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis an tantance su da dalilai da yawa, da farko masu zuwa:

• yanki na rauni,
• nau'in motsi da arrhythmia,
• Mataki na rashin lafiyar zuciya a lokacin gano cutar sankara,
• gaban concomitant cututtuka,
• shekaru haƙuri.

Idan babu dalilai masu tayar da hankali, isasshen magani da aiwatar da shawarwarin likitanci, hasashen yana da matukar dacewa.

Sanadin da pathogenesis

Abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaban cutar na iya zama kamar haka:

• kiba
• babban cholesterol
• mummunan halaye
• sutudiyyar rayuwa
• ciwon sukari mellitus da sauran cututtukan endocrine,
• cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.

Abubuwan atherosclerotic a cikin tsarin jijiyoyin jini suna haifar da necrosis a kan ƙwayar zuciya, masu karɓa suna mutuwa sakamakon wannan ilimin, wanda ke haifar da raguwa cikin ƙwarewar zuciya zuwa oxygen.

Cutar tana nunawa ta hanya mai zurfi da haɓaka, sakamakon haka, ventricle hagu yana ƙaruwa sosai a cikin girma, wanda ke tattare da raunin zuciya da duk alamu masu halarta (tashin zuciya, tashin hankali, angina pectoris, da sauransu).

Alamar halayyar mutum

Bayyanar cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis suna da ƙarfi daban-daban, yana dogara da ƙaddamar da tsari da fa'idar aikinta. A farkon matakan cutar, mai haƙuri yana damuwa da ƙarancin numfashi, kuma yana faruwa tare da irin wannan ƙoƙari na jiki wanda a baya bai haifar da wata alama ba. Tare da haɓakar cutar, dyspnea fara bayyana a hutawa. Bugu da kari, atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis an bayyana kamar haka:

• arrhythmia ke tasowa,
• akwai jin zafi a yankin zuciya, kuma tsananin sa na iya zama mai canzawa - daga karamin rauni zuwa mummunan hare-hare, ana bayar da jin zafi sau da yawa a gefen hagu na jiki,
• saukar karfin jini ya zama spasmodic,
• haushi da kunnuwa mai yiwuwa ne,
• bugu ya bayyana.

Idan Cardar infarction cardiosclerosis yana da duk waɗannan alamu a cikin haske da tsari na yau da kullun, to atherosclerotic ana ɗauka ta hanyar horo, tunda tafiyar matakai a cikin myocardium na faruwa a hankali.

Bayyanar cutar

Bayyanar cututtuka ya danganta ne da binciken kayan masarufi, kamar yadda za a iya gano alamun da aka bayyana a sama a cikin wasu cututtukan da basu da alaƙa da ƙirar zuciya, alal misali, asma. Mafi yawan sigar binciken fasahar kayan aiki shine ECG. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a ceci duk sakamakon ECG domin likitan ya iya bincika yanayin kuzari da yanayin cutar. Abubuwan Pathologies akan ECG zasu iya ware kawai ta kwararru.

Idan akwai alamun tashin hankali na zuciya, za a iya ganin extrasystoles guda ɗaya akan kwali, idan an lalata aikin, likitan zai ga toshewar hakora, hakora na iya bayyana a cikin zuciya, wanda mai haƙuri bashi da shi a da.

Duban dan tayi na zuciya shima zai iya bada bayani game da zaga wurare mara kyau. Don bayyanar cututtuka, an kuma yi amfani da sauran hanyoyin bincike - echocardiography da ergometry keke. Wadannan karatuttukan suna ba da cikakkiyar cikakkiyar bayani game da yanayin zuciya a hutawa da lokacin aiki.

Menene haɗarin cutar kuma menene haɗari

Atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis cuta ce mai tazara, kuma tunda yana da alaƙa da zuciya, haɗarin yana magana don kansa. Cardiosclerosis yana da haɗari ga canje-canjen da ba za'a iya juyawa ba. Sakamakon karancin jini a cikin myocardium, yunwar oxygen tana faruwa, zuciya kuma ba ta iya yin aiki a yanayin da ya dace. A sakamakon haka, ganuwar zuciya ta yi kauri, kuma tana kara girma. Saboda matsanancin tashin hankali na ƙwayar jijiya, jirgin ruwa na iya lalacewa (ko rushewa gaba ɗaya), infarction na zuciya na faruwa.

Hadarin cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic sune cututtukan zuciya da yawa waɗanda zasu iya zama m.

Iri da matakai na cardiosclerosis

Akwai matakai da yawa na ci gaban ilimin halittu, kowannensu yana da alamomin kansa, kuma magani a matakai daban-daban shima yana da bambance-bambance:

• Mataki na 1 - tachycardia da gazawar numfashi, faruwa ne kawai yayin aiki na jiki,
• Mataki na 2 tare da gazawar ventricular hagu - alamun yana faruwa tare da motsa jiki na matsakaici,
• Mataki na 2 idan akwai rashin isasshen ventricle - akwai kumburi a kafafu, palpitations, saurin, matsakaici acrocyanosis na ƙarshen,
• Mataki na 2B - ana lura da tururuwar jiki a bangarori biyu na wurare dabam dabam na jini, hanta tana kara girma, hanjin baya raguwa,
• Mataki na 3 - alamomin suna dawwama, aikin duk tsarin da gabobin rushewa.

Cardiosclerosis na iya kasancewa daga waɗannan nau'ikan:

• atherosclerotic - yana haɓaka sakamakon saka jari na atherosclerotic plaques akan tasoshin jijiyoyin jini,
• post-infarction
• yaduwa cardiosclerosis - ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya tana rufe gaba ɗaya ta hanyar hanyoyin kwantar da hankali,
• postmyocardial - hanyoyin kumburi a cikin myocardium.

Cutar cuta

Abu na farko da aka ba da shawarar ga mara lafiya shi ne abincin abinci. Wajibi ne a dakatar da cin abinci mai mai, soyayyen, gari, salted da kyafaffen abinci. Yana da kyau a ƙuntata hatsi, abincin abinci kamar kaza, turkey, naman maroƙi, cin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari.

Hakanan kuma an nuna shi canji ne na rayuwar - mai yiwuwa ne motsa jiki (yin iyo, yin yawo, tafiya), sannu a hankali yakamata a ƙara nauyin. Duk waɗannan matakan suna da taimako na jiyya don magani, ba tare da wanda ingantawa ga marasa lafiya da atherosclerosis ba zai yiwu ba.

Abin da magunguna ya kamata a yi amfani da shi don magance atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis, likita ya kamata ya ba da shawarar, ba shi yiwuwa a ɗauki magunguna da kanka, don guje wa mummunan sakamako.

Magungunan da aka tsara wadanda ke rage rashin gani na jini - Cardiomagnyl ko Aspirin. Zauren su ya zama dole domin a saurin sassawo fasalin jirgi kuma ba katange jirgin. Lokaci na tsawon lokaci da na yau da kullun na waɗannan kudaden shine kyakkyawan rigakafin infarction na zuciya.

Magungunan da aka tsara waɗanda ke rage lipids na jini: simvastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin. Nitroglycerin an nuna shi don harin cututtukan zuciya na ischemic, duk da haka, tasirinsa gajere ne, idan hare-hare suka faru akai-akai, to ya cancanci amfani da magungunan da ke da tasiri mafi tsayi.

Tare da edema mai zafi, diuretics Spironolactone, an tsara Veroshpiron, idan waɗannan kuɗin ba su da tasiri, to an tsara Furosemide. Bugu da ƙari, an tsara magunguna waɗanda ke rage hawan jini da sauƙaƙe alamun bayyanar zuciya: Enalapril, Captopril, Lisinopril.

Idan ya cancanta, ana ƙara wasu magunguna zuwa tsarin kulawa. Tare da rashin ingancin magani, ana ba da shawarar shigar da kara, wanda aka yi niyya don inganta samar da jini ga myocardium.

Tsinkaya da matakan kariya

Ana iya ba da izinin ci gaba ne kawai bayan cikakken bayyani game da mai haƙuri, kimantawa game da yanayinsa gaba ɗaya da kuma kasancewar cututtukan haɗin gwiwa. A cewar kididdigar, idan atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis bai ba da rikice-rikice masu haɗari da haɗari na rayuwa ba, kuma idan an fara jiyya akan lokaci kuma an samu nasarar kammalawa, to muna iya magana game da tsira 100%.

Dole ne in faɗi cewa kusan dukkanin rikice-rikicen da ke haifar da ƙimar rayuwa suna da alaƙa da gaskiyar cewa daga baya mai haƙuri ya juya ga likita don taimako, kazalika da gazawar bin duk shawarar da kwararrun ya tsara.

Kulawa da cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin jiki, ciki har da atherosclerosis, yana da tsawo kuma mafi rikitarwa, saboda haka, idan mutum yana da tsinkaye ga waɗannan cututtukan, to lallai ya zama dole a fara yin rigakafin a kan kari. Sanin abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar, yana da sauƙi a fahimci menene rigakafin cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis:

1. Abincin da ya dace. Abincin kawai zai zama yana da fa'ida ga jiki, yakamata a dafa shi da mafi ƙarancin mai, wato, dole ne a yi amfani da hanyoyin dafa abinci mai laushi. Ya kamata a rage yawan mai da mai abinci mai ƙima sosai; ya kamata a rage yawan cin gishiri.
2. Normalization na nauyi. Yawancin tsufa da kuma matsaloli da yawa a cikin jiki suna da alaƙa da kiba. Ba lallai ba ne a bi tsarin cin abinci mai tsauri kuma mai tsafta, ya isa a ci yadda yakamata a daidaita shi, kuma nauyi yana daidaita ba tare da cutarwa da damuwa ga jiki ba.
3. Tabbatar da barin munanan halaye. Wannan shine mahimmin matsayi a lura da cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin jiki. Shan sigari da barasa suna da mummunar illa ga yanayin duk tsarin dan adam da gabobin jikinsu, jaraba suna lalata tasoshin jini da kuma lalata hanyoyin rayuwa.
4. Rayuwa mai aiki yana da matukar mahimmanci don kula da sautsi da ƙarfafa jikin gaba ɗaya. Koyaya, ba shi da mahimmanci a kasance da himma sosai a wasanni, motsa jiki ya zama mai yiwuwa kuma ya ba mutum farin ciki. Idan babu sha'awar gudu da iyo, to, zaku iya zaɓin yawo ko wasu ayyukan aiki.

Yin rigakafin cututtukan zuciya da cututtukan jijiyoyin bugun gini rayuwa ce mai kyau. Abin takaici, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, mutane kima mutane suna kula da lafiyar su kuma suna sauraron shawarar likitoci, dole ne su tuna cewa atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis cuta ce da ke tasowa shekaru da yawa, ba za a iya warkewa da sauri ba, amma ana iya rigakafin shi.

Pathogenesis na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis

Stenosing atherosclerosis na cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya yana tare da ischemia da damuwa na rayuwa a cikin myocardium, kuma, a sakamakon haka, sannu-sannu sannu a hankali yana haɓakar dystrophy, atrophy da mutuwar ƙwayoyin tsoka, a wurin da ake haifar da cututtukan ƙwayoyin jijiya da ƙoshin ƙwayoyin cuta. Mutuwar masu karba na taimaka wajan rage jiyowar jijiyoyin myocardial zuwa oxygen, wanda ke haifar da ci gaba da cututtukan zuciya.

Atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis yana yaduwa kuma ya tsawanta. Tare da ci gaban cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis, hauhawar jini yana haɓakawa, sannan kuma dilatation na ventricle na hagu, alamun bugun zuciya yana ƙaruwa.

Bayar da hanyoyin aikin pathogenetic, ischemic, postinfarction, da kuma bambance-bambance na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis an bambanta su. Ischemic cardiosclerosis yana tasowa saboda gazawar jini, yana ci gaba a hankali, yana shafar jijiyoyin zuciya. Post-infarction (post-necrotic) cardiosclerosis an kafa shi a kan tsohuwar shafin necrosis. Cakuda (maras lokaci) atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis yana haɗuwa da dukkanin hanyoyin biyu da ke sama kuma ana saninsa da jinkirin yaduwar ƙwayar fibrous, wanda wane necrotic foci lokaci-lokaci bayan maimaita cutar myocardial.

Yarda da rigakafin cututtukan zuciya na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis

Tsinkaya na atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis ya dogara da girman rauni, kasancewar da nau'in bugun zuciya da damuwa, da kuma matakin rushewar jijiyoyin jini.

Babban rigakafin cutar atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis shine rigakafin canje-canje atherosclerotic a cikin tasoshin jini (abinci mai dacewa, isasshen aikin jiki, da sauransu). Matakan rigakafin na biyu sun hada da tsarin kulawa da hankali na atherosclerosis, jin zafi, arrhythmias da gazawar zuciya. Marasa lafiya tare da atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis suna buƙatar tsinkaye na ƙwararru daga likitan zuciya, bincike na tsarin zuciya.