Abubuwan hana Haramcin Cholesterol

Ezetimibe–magani ne wanda ke lalata shaye-shaye a cikin hanji. Nadin ezetimibe yana hade da raguwa a matakin cholesterol a cikin jini ba fiye da 15 - 20%. Koyaya, haɗin gwiwa tare da mutum-mutumi yana da babban haɓaka a cikin tasiri na jiyya. Sakamakon bincike na asibiti ya nuna cewa haɗakar magani tare da simvastatin da ezetimibe (10 mg kowane) yana rage matakin LDL cholesterol zuwa mafi girma fiye da monotherapy tare da simvastatin a kashi 40 MG. Tun da ezetimibe za a iya haɗe shi da kowane nau'in statins, ana amfani da shi musamman ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ba za su iya yin haƙuri da allurai masu ɗimbin yawa ba.

Yardajewa: Ba'a ba da shawarar maganin ezetimibe ga yara, har ma da waɗanda ke shan cyclosporine, colestyramine kuma suna da haɓaka cikin ayyukan hanta na hanta da kuma CPK.

Acid na Nicotinic- rage yawan rage kiba, magungunan anti-atherosclerotic tare da tasirin gaske ga manyan hanyoyin haɗin gwiwar atherogenesis. Niacin yana maganin dukkan ƙwayoyin jini. A cikin aikin asibiti, don magance rikicewar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta jiki, ana amfani da acid nicotinic acid (niacin) kanta da abubuwan da ta samo asali (acipimox) da sifofin saki mai ɗorewa (enduracin). Siffofin jinkiri na saki na nicotinic acid sun fi dacewa da haƙuri, amma suna da ƙarancin rage kiba.

Jiyya enduracin fara tare da alƙawarin kashi na 500 na MG 1 sau ɗaya kowace rana bayan abinci, bayan mako 1 sun canza zuwa enduracin sau 2 a rana, daga mako na 3 ana ɗaukar 500 mg sau 3 a rana (1500 mg / day).

Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako suna bayyana ta hanyar redness da itching na fata, jin zafi da walƙiya mai zafi, tashin zuciya, tashin zuciya, haɓakar glucose na jini, uric acid da kuma aikin hanta enzymes.

Contraindication na nicotinic acid a cikin marasa lafiya da cututtukan cututtukan peptic, tarihin tarihin zubar jini na ciki, mellitus na sukari, gout, da cututtukan hanta mai tsanani. Ba'a bada shawarar Nicotinic acid ga mata masu juna biyu da masu shayarwa, ya kamata a tsara shi da taka tsantsan ga masu shan giya, marasa lafiya da angina pectoris, m MI suna karbar nitrates, masu maganin kazanta, ß–adrenoblockers, mutum-mutumi.

Don rage tasirin sakamako, ana ba da shawarar: fara jiyya tare da ƙananan allurai kuma sannu a hankali ƙara ƙarancin magani, shafa aspirin mintuna 30 kafin shan magungunan, ɗauki nicotinic acid kawai tare da abinci, kada ku ɗauki nicotinic acid tare da sha mai zafi, barasa, fara farji tare da kwayoyi masu gajeren lokaci.

A halin yanzu, ana amfani da fili wanda ya ƙunshi 1000 mg na nicotinic acid da laripiprant, magani wanda ke kawar da tasirin sakamako na nicotinic acid, an rajista a cikin Federationungiyar Rasha.

Masu neman bile acid (ion musayar canzawa)

Xecvestrants na bile acid (FFA) sun haɗa da: colestyramine, colestipol, masoya dabaran.

Hanyar aikin FFA shine daure sinadarin bile a cikin kashin karamin hanjin, wanda ke hana sake haihuwarsu da inganta hakoransu. A sakamakon haka, haɓakar ƙwayar bile acid a cikin hanta yana haɓaka, wanda ke haifar da karuwa a cikin buƙatar ƙwayoyin hanta a cikin cholesterol. FFAs suna rage plalestma LDL cholesterol da 15% - 30% kuma suna kara HDL cholesterol da 5%. SQD yana rage ci gaban atherosclerosis bisa ga koyarwar coronarography. FFAs na iya haɓaka matakan TG.

Colestyramine da colestipol galibi suna haifar da maƙarƙashiya, ƙyamar ciki, zafin ciki, dyspepsia da abubuwan dandano mara kyau. Cogwheel yana da ƙananan sakamako masu illa.

FFAs gaba ɗaya suna cikin marasa lafiya tare da alamar karuwa a TG (TG> 4.0 mmol / L).

Fibrates

Abubuwanda ke haifar da fibroic acid - fibrates (ciprofibrate, gemfibrozil, fenofibrate) - galibi suna rage abun ciki na triglycerides da inganta wasu alamomi na metabolism na lipid. Yana daidaita tarin platelet, inganta aikin endothelial, da rage matakan fibrinogen a cikin jini.

Mafi kyawun magani fenofibrate (lipantyl, treicor). Fenofibrate lura da marasa lafiya da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 yana haifar da tashin hankali na atherosclerosis da kuma hana yaduwar ci gaba da rikitarwa na micro- da macrovascular.

Yana da mahimmanci cewa, ba kamar sauran kalmomin fibrates ba, fenofibrate ba ya tsoma baki tare da statin catabolism kuma yana iya zama mai aminci idan aka yi amfani da su tare da mutummutumai.

Tab. 9. Abubuwan Fidroic Acid (Fibrates)

Suna (sunan kasuwanci)	Kashi
Fenofibrate (Lipantil)	200 MG sau ɗaya a rana
Sabarin (Lipanor)	100 MG 1 - sau 2 a rana
Gemfibrozil	600 MG sau 2 a rana

- 3 polyunsaturated mai mai

In mun gwada da kwanan nan, an yi rijista da magani a Rasha omacor (mai da aka tsarkake mai daga kifin da aka samo a cikin tekuna na arewacin), wanda ya ƙunshi 84% na eicosapentaenoic da docosahexaenoic acid mai. Ana maganin Omacor a cikin kashi na 1 g sau ɗaya a rana don hana rikice rikicewar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, saboda yana da maganin rashin ƙarfi, tasirin antithrombotic. A kashi biyu zuwa 4 g a rana, ƙwayar tana iya rage matakin TG na plasma, saboda haka ana iya amfani dashi don alamomi iri ɗaya kamar fenofibrate. Sakamako masu illa: ƙaruwar jini, gudawa.

Tsarin yatsar Papillary alama ce ta ƙarfin motsa jiki: Alamomin cututtukan fata suna farawa ne a cikin watanni 3-5 na ciki, kar a canza cikin rayuwa.

Tsarin ruwan dake kwarara: Mafi yawan danshi a doron duniya yana tafewa daga saman tekuna da tekun (88 ‰).

Bayanin kan titi na rashi da kuma tekun bakin teku: A cikin birane, an tsara kariya ta banki yin la’akari da bukatun fasaha da tattalin arziki, amma suna ba da muhimmiyar mahimmanci ga wadanda ke da kyau.

Yanayin gabaɗaya don zaɓar tsarin magudanar ruwa: An zaɓi tsarin magudanan ruwa gwargwadon yanayin kariya.

Halayen Inhibitors na Cholesterol

Lokacin da ake kula da cholesterol na jini, statins ba a haɗe shi da nicotinic acid da fibrates, waɗanda magunguna ne na aji daban-daban, saboda gaskiyar cewa ba shi da isasshen lafiya kuma yana iya haifar da ci gaban wasu cututtuka. Misali, hadewar fibrates da statins suna kara hadarin kamuwa da cutar sankarar mahaifa, abu iri daya na iya faruwa tare da hade sinadarin nicotinic acid da statins, kawai ban da komai za'a iya shafar hanta.

Amma masana ilimin magunguna sun sami mafita, sun haɓaka magunguna waɗanda ke haifar da tasiri ga wasu hanyoyin don ci gaban hypercholesterolemia, musamman, don ɗaukar cholesterol a cikin hanji. Daya daga cikin wadannan kwayoyi shine Ezithimibe ko Ezeterol.

Amfanin magani shine cewa yana da aminci sosai saboda gaskiyar abubuwan da ke cikin jikin sa ba sa shiga cikin jini. Wannan yana da mahimmanci, saboda za a sami magunguna ga marasa lafiya da cututtukan hanta da waɗanda ke contraindicated don amfani da statins saboda dalilai da yawa. Haɗin ezeterol tare da statins na iya ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka tasirin warkewa da nufin rage ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin jiki.

Dangane da rashin kyawun maganin, an bambanta babban farashi kuma, dangane da monoprint, ƙarancin amfanin yin amfani da shi, idan aka kwatanta da sakamako na lura da ƙirar mutum-mutumi.

Rarrabawa

Canjin musayar anion da kwayoyi waɗanda ke rage sha (sha) na cholesterol a cikin hanji.
Acid na Nicotinic
Probukol.
Fibrates.
Statins (3-hydroxymethyl-glutaryl-coenzyme-A-reductase inhibitors).

Dogaro da tsarin aikin, ana iya rarrabu magunguna zuwa ƙananan ƙwayoyin jini zuwa ƙungiyoyi da yawa.

Magunguna waɗanda ke hana aikin lipoproteins na atherogenic ("mummunan ƙwayar cholesterol"):

gumaka
fibrates
nicotinic acid
probucol
benzaflavin.

Yana nufin rage gudu daga ƙwayar cholesterol daga abinci a cikin hanjin:

jerin bile acid,
guarem.

Yawan ruwan sama na Ezithymibe da ma'amala

Lokacin da ake kula da cholesterol na jini, statins ba a haɗe shi da nicotinic acid da fibrates, waɗanda magunguna ne na aji daban-daban, saboda gaskiyar cewa ba shi da isasshen lafiya kuma yana iya haifar da ci gaban wasu cututtuka.

Misali, hadewar fibrates da statins suna kara hadarin kamuwa da cutar sankarar mahaifa, abu iri daya na iya faruwa tare da hade sinadarin nicotinic acid da statins, kawai ban da komai za'a iya shafar hanta.

Amfanin magani shine cewa yana da aminci sosai saboda gaskiyar abubuwan da ke cikin jikin sa ba sa shiga cikin jini. Wannan yana da mahimmanci, saboda za a sami magunguna ga marasa lafiya da cututtukan hanta da waɗanda ke contraindicated don amfani da statins saboda dalilai da yawa.

Ezetimibe shine yake hana shan kwaladi da wasu nau'ikan kwayar halitta daga asalin hanji. A can, ana sanya magani a cikin karamin hanji kuma baya barin kwalakwai, don haka rage samar da cholesterol kai tsaye daga hanji zuwa wani bangare - hanta, rage girman ajiyar da ke cikin hanta da kuma kara yawan jijiyoyin jini.

Abubuwan da ke hana daukar ciki na cholesterol ba su ninka yawan acid din ba kuma kar a hana kwazon kogin cholesterol, wanda ba za a iya fada game da shi ba. Saboda bambancin ƙa'idar aiki, magungunan waɗannan azuzuwan tare da amfani da lokaci ɗaya tare da statins, na iya ƙara rage cholesterol.

Cikakken bayanin kwayar halittar ezeterol ba za a iya tantance ta ba saboda wannan kwayar ta kusan maye gurbin ruwa.

Lokacin amfani da hanyar motsa jiki tare da masu hanawa, yana da mahimmanci don bin umarnin likita wanda aka tsara. Amma idan yawan abin sama da ya kamata ya faru, marasa lafiya ya kamata su san mai zuwa.

A cikin lokuta mafi wuya na yawan abin sama da ya wuce, abubuwan da suka faru marasa kyau waɗanda suka bayyana a cikin marasa lafiya ba su zama mai isa sosai ba. Idan zamuyi magana game da gwaji na asibiti, to a ɗayansu an wajabta magungunan ga masu sa kai 15 tare da ƙoshin lafiya a matakin 50 MG kowace rana don sati biyu.

Wani binciken ya haɗa da masu ba da agaji guda 18 tare da alamun hypercholesterolemia na farko, an wajabta su 40 mg na Ezithimibe fiye da kwanaki 50. Duk masu halartar gwaji na asibiti sun nuna yarda mai kyau ga miyagun ƙwayoyi.

Haɗin Ezithimibe tare da amfani da antacids zai iya taimakawa rage ƙimar sha daga cikin abubuwan da ke cikin magunguna na farko, amma wannan bai shafi bioavailability ɗin sa ba. Tare da maganin haɗin gwiwa tare da cholestyramine, matakan rage yawan eseterol an rage shi da kusan kashi 55.

Tare da kulawa mai rikitarwa tare da fenofibrates, sakamakon haka, jimlar yawan inhibitor yana ƙaruwa sau ɗaya da rabi. Yin amfani da eseterol tare da fibrates ba a yi nazari sosai ba, saboda haka ba a ba da shawarar amfani da su na lokaci ɗaya ta likitoci.

An bayyana haɗarin haɗarin cholesterol a cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin.

Ta hanyar rage yawan shan sinadarin cholesterol daga abinci a cikin hanjin, wadannan wakilai suna rage dumin jikinsa a cikin jini Mafi ingancin wannan rukunin wakilai shine guar. Wannan kari ne na ganyayyaki wanda aka samo daga zuriyayen wake na hyacinth.

Guarem da kankare ya cire kwayar cholesterol daga bangon hanji. Yana haɓaka kawar da acid bile, wanda ke haifar da karɓar cholesterol daga jini zuwa cikin hanta saboda haɗinsu. Magungunan yana hana abinci ci da rage yawan abincin da ake ci, wanda hakan ke haifar da asarar nauyi da kuma yawan kiba a cikin jini.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako sun haɗa da bloating, tashin zuciya, jin zafi a cikin hanji, da kuma wasu lokatai sako-sako. Koyaya, ana ɗan bayyana su, da wuya ake faruwa, tare da ci gaba da aikin likita ba tare da izini ba.

Masu neman bile acid

Magungunan Bile acid (cholestyramine, colestipol) sune resin musayar anion. Sau ɗaya a cikin hanji, suna "kama" acid bile kuma cire su daga jiki. Jiki yana fara rasa acid bile, waɗanda suke wajibi don aiki na al'ada.

Akwai cholestyramine da colestipol a cikin nau'ikan foda. Ya kamata a rarraba kashi na yau da kullun zuwa allurai 2 zuwa 4, cinyewa ta hanyar dilging miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin ruwa (ruwa, ruwan 'ya'yan itace).

Ragowar musayar anion ba su cikin jini, suna aiki ne kawai a cikin lumen na hanji. Saboda haka, suna da aminci kuma basu da mummunar illa. Yawancin masana sunyi imani da cewa ya zama dole don fara magani na hyperlipidemia tare da waɗannan kwayoyi.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako sun haɗa da zubar ciki, tashin zuciya da maƙarƙashiya, ƙasa marassa kan gado. Don hana irin waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka, ya zama dole a ƙara ɗimbin ƙwayar cuta da fiber na abinci (fiber, bran) Tare da tsawanta amfani da waɗannan magunguna a cikin allurai masu yawa, ɗaukar folic acid da wasu bitamin, galibi mai narkewa, a cikin hanji na iya lalacewa.

Acidicic acid da abubuwansa (enduracin, niceritrol, acipimox) shine sinadarin bitamin na rukunin B. Yana rage taro da "mummunan cholesterol" a cikin jini. Nikotinic acid yana kunna tsarin fibrinolysis, yana rage karfin jini don samar da ƙwanƙwasa jini.

Ana gudanar da aikin maganin Nicotinic acid na dogon lokaci, tare da karuwa a hankali a kashi. Kafin kuma bayan shan shi, ba a bada shawara a sha giya mai zafi, musamman kofi.

Wannan magani na iya haushi da ciki, saboda haka ba a sanya shi don maganin cututtukan ciki da cututtukan peptic. A cikin marasa lafiya da yawa, jan fuska ya bayyana a farkon jiyya. A hankali, wannan tasiri ya ɓace. Don hana shi, an ba da shawarar a ɗauki 325 mg na asfirin minti 30 kafin ɗaukar maganin. 20% na marasa lafiya suna da fatar fata.

Jiyya tare da shirye-shiryen nicotinic acid an contraindicated ga peptic miki da duodenal miki, hepatitis na kullum, tsananin bugun zuciya damuwa, gout.

Enduracin magani ne nicotinic acid. Ya fi dacewa da haƙuri, yana haifar da mafi ƙarancin sakamako. Ana iya bi da su na dogon lokaci.

Masu hana daukar kwayar cutar cholesterol: ta yaya kwayoyi suke aiki da aiki?

Shekaru da yawa ba tare da gwagwarmaya ba tare da CHOLESTEROL?

Shugaban Cibiyar: “Za ku yi mamakin yadda sauƙin sauƙin ƙwayar cholesterol ta hanyar shan shi kowace rana.

Idan babu cholesterol, jikin mutum ba zai iya rayuwa cikakke. Wannan sinadari wani bangare ne na membranes din tantanin halitta, bugu da kari, in ban da hakan, aikin jijiyoyi da sauran muhimman gabobi na jikin dan adam ba zai yuwu ba.

Ta hanyar yawan abubuwan da suka wuce haddi na wannan abun ana nufin mummunar cholesterol, wanda tare da furotin suna haifar da sabon fili - lipoprotein. Hakanan yana wanzu a cikin nau'i biyu: ƙarancin ƙima da ƙima mai yawa. Babban lipoprotein mai yawa bashi da illa ga jiki, sabanin nau'ikan sa na biyu. Idan yanayin bai gudana ba kuma matakin wannan lipoprotein a cikin jini ba mai mahimmanci bane, zai isa ga mai haƙuri ya canza zuwa abincin abinci kuma ya shiga aikin jiki a cikin rayuwar sa.

Masu karatun mu sunyi nasarar amfani da Aterol don rage cholesterol. Ganin shahararrun kayan wannan samfurin, mun yanke shawarar ba da shi ga hankalin ku.

Amma waɗannan matakan ba koyaushe suna ba da sakamakon da ake so ba, a wasu yanayi, mai haƙuri na iya buƙatar tsabtace likita na tasoshin.

Masana kimiyya sun daɗe suna aiki don ƙirƙirar ingantaccen ƙwayar don rage cholesterol "mara kyau".

Har yanzu ba a samo mafi kyawun maganin ba, an kirkiro wasu rukunin magunguna don rage cholesterol, kowannensu yana da nasa halaye masu kyau.

Statins suna daga cikin mafi kyawun magunguna don maganin lipoproteins na hawan jini, amma saboda yawan gazawa da kuma haɗarin sakamako masu haɗari ga jikin mutum, musamman lokacin amfani da magunguna masu yawa, ba koyaushe suna cikin sauri don yin magani ba.

Cholesterol a cikin mata yana da shekaru 55

Masu karatun mu sunyi nasarar amfani da Aterol don rage cholesterol. Ganin shahararrun kayan wannan samfurin, mun yanke shawarar ba da shi ga hankalin ku.

Cutar zuciya sakamakon cutar atherosclerosis ita ce kan gaba sanadiyar mutuwa a kasashe masu tasowa. Atherosclerosis cuta ce mai haɗari wanda takaddun ƙwayoyin atherosclerotic suka fara aiki a jikin bangon jijiya. Graduallyara hankali, suna lalata zubar jini a cikin jiragen. Sakamakon zai iya zama mafi baƙin ciki - infarction myocardial, bugun jini, gangrene na ƙananan ƙarshen.

Babban alamomin bayanan lipid
Sanadin Hypercholesterolemia
Rashin magani
Magungunan magani
Jiyya tare da magunguna na jama'a

Babban abinda ke haifar da rigakafin cutar shine hypercholesterolemia, tunda plaques ba komai bane illa tarin cholesterol. Hakanan, saboda dalilai da yawa, haɗarin haɓakar atherosclerosis yana ƙaruwa sosai bayan shekaru hamsin. A cikin cikakkun bayanai zamu bincika abin da ya kamata ya zama cholesterol a cikin mata yayin shekaru 55.

Alamu don amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi

Yaushe ake ba da shawarar yin wannan magani? An nuna shi don hypercholesterolemia na farko, ana amfani da Ezithimibe ko dai a cikin ƙari ban da abincin abinci, ko a hade tare da statins.

Wannan magani yana taimakawa ragewa ba kawai matakin jimlar cholesterol ba, har ma da apolipoprotein B, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, kazalika da haɓaka HDL cholesterol.

Tare da hyzycholesterolemia na homozygous, ana amfani da maganin azaman ƙari ga statins don rage ƙwayar cholesterol, duka duka kuma LDL.

An wajabta Ezeterol don homozygous sitosterolemia. Yana ba ku damar rage girman matakan campesterol da sitosterol.

Contraindications da sakamako masu illa

An haramta wannan magani don amfani da marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da ƙaruwa mai saukin kamuwa da abubuwan da ke tattare da shi.

Mata masu juna biyu da lokacin shayarwa ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da masu hana shan kwayar cutar cholesterol ba.

Idan akwai buƙatar yin amfani da mahaifiyar ezeterol daga mahaifiyar masu reno, to, wataƙila zai zama wajibi a yanke shawara kan dakatar da shayarwa.

Sauran magungunan sun hada da:

shekaru kasa da shekaru 18, tunda aminci da tasiri daga amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba tukuna an kafa su,
kasancewar kowane irin cutar hanta a lokacin lalacewa, kazalika da karuwa a cikin ayyukan “hanta” transaminases,
mai nauyi ko matsakaici har na gazawar hanta, kamar yadda aka auna ta hanyar ma'aunin Yara-Pyug,
rashi lactose, rashin jituwa tsakanin lactose, glucose-galactose malabsorption,
da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a hade tare da fibrates,
amfani da marasa lafiya da ke karɓar maganin cyclosporine ya kamata a gudanar da shi tare da taka tsantsan kuma tare da sa ido kan matakin maida hankali akan cyclosporin a cikin jini.

Game da monotherapy, mai toshe cholesterol zai iya haifar da sakamako masu illa kamar ƙoshin ciki, ciki, ciwon kai. Tare da ƙwaƙƙwarar jiyya tare da statins, ban da migraines, alamu na iya bayyana a cikin nau'i na gajiya, flatulence, matsaloli tare da stool (haushi ko maƙarƙashiya), tashin zuciya, myalgia, ƙara yawan aiki na ALT, AST, da CPK. Hakanan ba a cire bayyanar fatar fata, angioedema, hepatitis, pancreatitis, thrombocytopenia da haɓaka enzymes hanta kuma ba a cire su a cikin aikin asibiti.

A cikin lokuta mafi wuya, haɓakar rhabdomyolysis mai yiwuwa ne.

Ka'idar aiki na mai hana

Cikakken bayanin kwayar halittar ezeterol ba za a iya tantance ta ba saboda wannan kwayar ta kusan maye gurbin ruwa.

Yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin haɗin abinci tare da abinci ba ya shafar ilimin bioavintarsa a adadin da bai wuce 10 MG ba.

Hanyar aikace-aikacen, sashi da farashi

Kafin fara aikin jiyya, marasa lafiya suna buƙatar ci gaba da rage cin abinci mai ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cholesterol, dole ne a ci gaba da lura da duk tsawon lokacin shan maganin. Ya kamata a dauki Ezeterol a ko'ina cikin rana, ba tare da la'akari da yawan abinci ba. Yawanci, likitan halartar ya ba da umarnin ɗaukar magani na 10 MG ba fiye da sau ɗaya a rana ba.

Amma game da sashi tare da hadewar Ezithimibe tare da statins, ya kamata a bi doka mai zuwa tare da magani mai rikitarwa: ɗaukar miyagun ƙwayoyi sau ɗaya a rana tare da statins, tabbatar da bin shawarwarin da aka tsara don ƙaddamarwa.

A cikin jiyya ta layi ɗaya tare da masu bin ɗakin mai mai mai da Ezithimibe, ya kamata a ɗauka a ƙimar 10 MG sau ɗaya a rana, amma ba bayan sa'o'i biyu ba kafin ɗauka jerin abubuwa ko kuma ba sa wuce sa'o'i huɗu ba bayan.

Game da aiki na hanta mai rauni, marasa lafiya a mataki na rashin ƙarfi na hanta basa buƙatar zaɓin sashi. Kuma ga marasa lafiya da gazawar hanta da ƙarancin hanta, ba shi da kyau a yi amfani da inhibitors na shan ƙwayoyin cholesterol mai shigowa cikin hanjin mutum.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, farashin masu hana ruwa gudu ba shi da arha musamman, wanda ya danganta da raunin su.

Ezetimibe a cikin sashi na milligrams 10 (guda 28) za'a iya siye shi daga 1800 zuwa 2000 rubles.

Manyan cholesterol: sanadi da jiyya

Kwayar cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) wani yanayi ne wanda yalwar wannan abun yake a jiki. A duniya, daya cikin uku sama da shekaru 25 na fama da cutar cholesterol. Mutanen da ke da ƙwayar cholesterol sosai suna iya haɓaka da cutar zuciya (CVD).

A wasu halaye, ana lura da hypercholesterolemia har ma a cikin mutane masu nauyin al'ada, abinci mai dacewa da salon rayuwa mai aiki. Kolostrorol mai hauhawa yawanci yana haɗuwa da wata sananniyar cuta, irin su kiba da ciwon sukari. Sabili da haka, sau da yawa hankali yana canzawa zuwa waɗannan cututtuka. A sakamakon haka, yawancin mutanen da ke da ƙwayar cholesterol ba sa karɓar magani, ko da a ƙasashe masu tasowa.

Cholesterol da ire-irensa

Cholesterol wani bangare ne na halitta na dukkanin sel. Abu ne mai laushi, mai laushi, mai mai yawa wanda aka kera shi a jikin mutum, kuma karamin sashi ne ke fitowa daga abinci. Cholesterol yana da muhimmanci ga samuwar kwayoyin jikin membranes, Vitamin D da wasu kwayoyin halittu. Cholesterol ba ya narke cikin ruwa, saboda haka, ta kansa, ba zai iya motsawa ta jiki. Abubuwan da ake kira lipoproteins suna taimakawa jigilar cholesterol a cikin tsarin wurare dabam dabam. Akwai manyan nau'ikan nau'ikan lipoproteins guda biyu:

"Yayi kyau" (HDL ko yawan yawa na lipoproteins),
"Bad" (LDL ko lipoproteins, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da ƙananan ƙarancin) lipoproteins.

Matsayi na al'ada na jimlar cholesterol a cikin jini ya tashi daga 140-200 mg / dl. Koyaya, jimlar cholesterol ba ta ba da cikakken hoto game da yanayin kiwon lafiya. Dangantaka tsakanin nau'ikan cholesterol guda biyu (i.e., tsakanin HDL da HDL) alama ce mai mahimmanci game da matakin haɗarin CVD. Hakanan a cikin jini akwai nau'i na uku na abubuwa masu kama da kitse - triglycerides. Tare da karuwa a matakin su, maida hankali akan HDL yana raguwa.

Triglycerides sune babban nau'i na kitse da aka adana a cikin jiki. Lokacin da kuke tunani game da mai akan kwatangwalo da ciki, kuna tunani game da triglycerides. Suna wakiltar ƙarshen samfurin lalacewar mai da aka cinye tare da abinci. Duk wani nau'in abincin da jikinku ya narke kuma ba a nufin shi nan da nan game da bukatun makamashi ko wasu bukatun sun juya zuwa triglycerides da aka adana a cikin ƙwayar adipose. Kamar cholesterol, triglycerides ana daukar su ta jiki ta hanyar lipoproteins.

Masu karatun mu sunyi nasarar amfani da Aterol don rage cholesterol. Ganin shahararrun kayan wannan samfurin, mun yanke shawarar ba da shi ga hankalin ku.

Cholesterol da ke cikin abinci na iya zama cutarwa idan an yi amfani da shi sosai. Kolostrorol mai haɓaka yana ƙara haɗarin CVD, bugun zuciya da bugun jini. Lokacin da yawaitar LDL yana yaduwa cikin jini, wannan na iya haifar da samuwar manyan abubuwan kula da kwalaji (cholesterol ajiya) a saman ƙwanƙwasa. Hanyoyi a hankali suna da fadi ko ma toshe bakin jijiyoyin, wanda hakan ke haifar da raguwar kwararar jini zuwa kwakwalwa, zuciya da sauran gabobin. Wannan na iya haifar da bugun zuciya ko bugun jini.

Me yasa cholesterol yake tashi? A wasu halaye, a cikin wasu mutane, tasirin cholesterol yana faruwa ne sabili da abubuwan gado. Koyaya, babban dalilin tasirin cholesterol a mafi yawancin lokuta shine rayuwa mara kyau tare da haɗuwa da cin abinci mai yawa, wanda yake da wadataccen mai mai yawa. Za'a iya hana haɓakar cholesterol, wani lokacin ya isa ya daidaita abincin kuma ya kawo ayyukan jiki a rayuwarku. Idan wannan bai isa ba, to likita na iya ba da shawarar shan wasu ƙwayoyi waɗanda ke rage ƙwaƙwalwar jini.

Alamun karuwa

Yawancin lokaci, alamun cutar cholesterol ba su bayyana. A cikin mafi yawan lokuta, babban cholesterol yana haifar da CVD mai haɗari (bugun zuciya, bugun jini, da sauransu) kuma ana gano shi yayin jarrabawa dangane da su. Wadannan cututtukan galibi suna haɓaka sabili da sanya filayen cholesterol filayen jiki a saman ɓangaren hanji. Hanya guda daya da za'a gano wannan mummunan lamarin shine gudanar da gwajin jini ga cholesterol. Yana da kyau a gwada wa cholesterol bayan ya kai shekara 20. Ko da kwalakwalar al'ada ce, yana da ma'ana a duba matakin jininsa kusan sau daya a cikin shekaru 5. Idan kana da maganin halin zubar da jini a cikin, to, likita na iya bayar da shawarar gudanar da irin wannan gwaje gwajen fiye da lokaci. Hakanan, ana yin ƙarin gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun game da cholesterol a cikin yanayi inda akwai abubuwan haɗari (hawan jini, wuce kima, shan sigari).

Bari mu ɗan bincika alamu da alamu waɗanda ke haɓaka a cikin yanayi yayin da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta take kaiwa zuwa CVD.

Rashin ruwa na jijiyoyin jini

Bayyanar cututtuka na rashin jijiyoyin zuciya na iya bambanta cikin maza da mata. Koyaya, a cikin mata da maza, CVD shine ke zama sanadin mutuwa a cikin ƙasashe masu tasowa. Mafi alamun alamomin rashin wadatuwa sun hada da:

angina pectoris, kirji,
tashin zuciya
karancin numfashi
jin zafi a wuya, babba a ciki ko a baya,
numbness ko sanyi a cikin wata gabar jiki.

Rarrabar filaye da ke cikin babban ƙwayar cholesterol na tattare da haɗarin haɗari na rage wadatar iskar oxygen da jini zuwa wasu sassan kwakwalwa. Wannan shi ne abin da ya faru da bugun jini. Stroke lamari ne na gaggawa, yana buƙatar kulawa ta gaggawa don kulawa ta gaggawa. Kwayoyin cutar sun hada da:

asarar kwatsam da daidaituwa da daidaituwa,
kwatsam mara nauyi
asymmetry na fuska (ptosis na fatar ido ko bakin a gefe daya),
rashin iya motsawa (musamman asymmetric),
rikice-rikice, rashin daidaituwa,
magana mai kyama
numbashi a kan fuska, makamai, kafafu (musamman asymmetric),
hangen nesa, hangen nesa biyu
kwatsam ciwon kai.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da wadatar zuciya da jini na iya zama a rufe saboda tarin filaye. Wannan tsari, wanda ake kira atherosclerosis, yana da jinkiri kuma asymptomatic. A tsawon lokaci, plaque mai yiwuwa ne. Lokacin da wannan ya faru, jinin haila ya kewaye ta. Wannan na iya haifar da toshewar jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini wanda ke kawo jijiyar zuciya, har zuwa ischemia. Tare da lalacewar zuciya ko ƙarancin ƙwayoyin jikinsa sakamakon rashin isashshen oxygen, bugun zuciya na tasowa. Alamomin bugun zuciya sun hada da:

jin daskararru da ƙanƙancewa a cikin kirji, jin zafi a kirji ko makamai,
matsalolin numfashi
aukuwa na ji na damuwa,
tsananin farin ciki
tashin zuciya, ciwon ciki, ko ƙwannafi,
overwork.

Myocardial infarction shine yanayin gaggawa wanda ke buƙatar kulawa da gaggawa don kulawa ta gaggawa. Necrosis na zuciya nama na iya zama wanda ba a iya tursasawa ko ma mai kisa idan ba'a bayar da aikin tiyata ba.

Atherosclerosis na jijiyoyin mahaifa

Wannan cuta ita ce sakamakon babban cholesterol, wanda ke haifar da adibin ajiyar dabbobi a cikin tsokoki. Wannan ya kasance yana toshe hanyoyin yaduwar jini zuwa kodan, hannaye, ciki, kafafu. Matakan farko na wannan cutar sun hada da alamun bayyanar:

yatsu da kuma ƙona a cikin yatsun,
zafi
gajiya
m bayani,
rashin jin daɗi a cikin kafafu da ƙafa,
bakin ciki, pallor da haske na fata a kafafu da kafafu,
bayyanar raunuka a kafafu da kafafu, wadanda suke warkar da su a hankali,
eningarfin ƙusoshin a kan yatsun,
rage girma gashi a kafafu.

Tsarin narkewa

Kwayar cholesterol na iya haifar da rashin daidaituwa na tsarin iska, wanda yake haifar da samuwar gallstones. Wani kaso mai yawa na cututtukan gallstone ana faruwa ne ta hanyar tasirin cholesterol mai haɓaka. Yawan tara abubuwa a cikin masussuka na iya haifar da toshe hanyoyin shiga jini zuwa kodan da ciki. Lokacin da aka toshe hanyoyin hanji waɗanda ke kawo hanji, ischemic syndrome na tasowa, tare da ciwon ciki, tashin zuciya, amai, da sanduna na jini.

Sanadin da Matsalar Hadarin

A wasu halayen, ƙwayar cholesterol hereditary ce. A yin haka, hanta zata samar da kwalasta mai yawa, ko kuma jikinka ba zai cire LDL daga jini ba. Tsarin cholesterol da karuwar yawan triglyceride na iya hadewa da wasu cututtuka, irin su ciwon suga. Amma a mafi yawancin halayen, ana haifar da babban cholesterol ta hanyar cin abinci mai wuce haddi tare da mai mai yawa, har da isasshen aikin jiki. A cikin mutanen da suke da kiba sosai, yawan ƙwayoyin cuta sun fi yawa.

Wasu dalilai suna sa mutum ya zama ƙwayar jini. Ba duka za'a iya kawar dasu ba, amma wasu na iya kuma dole a kawar dasu. Abubuwan da suka fi mahimmanci don haɓakar tasirin cholesterol sun haɗa da:

kiba da kiba,
cin abinci mai cin abinci wanda ya haɗu da adadin ƙoshin mai da cikakken mai, wanda yake a cikin yawancin abinci da abinci mai soyayyen,
rashin motsi
tsinkayar gado zuwa CVD,
hauhawar jini
shan taba
ciwon sukari
cututtukan zuciya
jaundice
hyperadrenocorticism,
cututtukan zuciya,
na kullum na koda
nephrotic syndrome.

Yawancin mutane ba sa nuna alamun cutar cholesterol. Gwajin jini a wannan yanayin ita ce hanya daya tilo da za'a iya magance yawan cholesterol. Idan jimlar cholesterol a cikin jinin ku ta zarce 200 mg / dl ko HDL a kasa da 40, to likitan na iya son yin gwajin ciwon mara na ciki don fayyace cutar. Tare da wannan nau'in bincike, kuna buƙatar guji cin abinci na awa 12 kafin ɗaukar jini. Duk da cewa yawan kwayar cutar fiye da 200 mg / dl yawanci ana ɗaukar shi a ɗaukaka, a kowane yanayi tsarin kula da mutum ya zama dole, la'akari da lafiyar mai haƙuri da kasancewar gaba ko kasancewar CVD. Wadannan sune matakai daban-daban na matakan cholesterol da fassarar su daga likitoci:

Yin rigakafin

Yawancin mutane zasu iya rage matakan cholesterol ta hanyar cin abinci mai daidaita, motsa jiki na yau da kullun, da sarrafa nauyin kansu.

Cikakken abincin yana inganta asarar nauyi. Ko da asarar nauyi kilo 2-5 na iya taimakawa inganta kulawar cholesterol. Inganta abincin ka kamar haka.

Rage yawan cinyewar kitse da dunbin abinci. Fats mai cike da yakamata yakamata ya kawo sama da 10% na adadin kuzari da aka cinye, kuma yakamata a cire fats ɗin trans. Bayanai na bincike sun nuna cewa tatsuniyar trans ɗin tana ƙara haɗarin cutar zuciya. Abubuwan da ba a cika dasu ba, kamar su zaitun da mai rapeseed, yakamata a fifita su.
Ku ci hatsin, alkama, da alkama, da alkama, da alkama.
Ku ci mafi yawan 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari waɗanda ke da wadatar fiber da ƙananan cholesterol.
Rage abinci na cholesterol. Ana samun mafi kyawun ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin yolks kwai, samfuran madara da kayan ciki.
Ku ci kifi mai ƙima (kamar kifi na daji, herring ko capelin), ku ci a kalla sau biyu a kowane mako.
Ku ci abincin da ke kunshe da phytosterols da stanols da ke cikin kwayoyi, ƙwayaye, mai kayan lambu, ruwan lemu, yogurt. Nazarin ya nuna cewa yawan amfanin 2-3 na phytosterols na yau da kullun na iya rage LDL da 15%.
Yourara yawan abincinku na fiber kamar su oatmeal, hatsi na sha'ir, lemo, 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan marmari, da hatsi gaba ɗaya.

Yawancin kayan cin abinci da aka samo asali sun shahara sosai a tsakanin mutane, amma galibi ba su da amfani ga asarar nauyi mai tsawo, wani lokacin har ma da cutarwa ga lafiya, kamar yadda suke keɓe abubuwa masu mahimmanci daga abincin. Irin nau'ikan kayan abinci wanda ke cire manyan rukunin abinci na abinci daga abinci yawanci ba shi da lafiya. Tare da babban cholesterol, kwararru suna ba da shawarar rayayye ta yin amfani da menu dabam-dabam, gami da kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa da yawa:

hatsi: abinci guda 6 - 6 a rana (rabin su ya ƙunshi hatsi hatsi duka),
kayan lambu: sau 3 a kowace rana,
'ya'yan itace: 4-5 bayi a rana,
Kayan mai-mai mai-kitse mai-mai-mai-sau 3: cin abinci sau 2-3 a rana,
naman alade, kaji, abincin abincin teku: Kari na 85 zuwa 170 a rana,
mai da mai: 2-3 cokali biyu a rana (amfani da fats mai ƙanshi, kamar zaitun ko mai canola),
kwayoyi, tsaba, kayan lemun tsirrai: cinikin 3-5 a mako daya,
Sweets, sukari: ƙasa da sabis na 5 a mako ɗaya (ƙarancin, mafi kyau).

Hakanan ana ba da shawarar ku ci sau 2 na nau'in kifaye mai ƙima a kowane mako, ƙuntata abincin sodium tare da gishiri (ba fiye da 2400 mg / rana ba). Idan ƙuntatawa na gishiri da ƙoshin mai mai ba su haifar da tasirin abin da ake so dangane da cholesterol, to likitan na iya ba da shawarar shan fiber mai narkewa, har da ƙwayoyin shuka.

A wasu halaye, ana ba da shawarar rage cin abinci na Rum da ke mai da hankali ga cin hatsi, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari, kifi da man zaitun. Duk da cewa wannan abincin yana dauke da mai mai yawa, yawancinsu basu da wadatar abinci. Hakanan, wannan abincin yana cinye tare da fiber da antioxidants.

Asarar nauyi Ta Hanyar motsa jiki

Samun kiba yana ƙaruwa da haɗarin cutar cholesterol da CVD. Rage nauyi yana haifar da raguwa a cikin taro triglyceride da haɓaka a cikin HDL. A gaban nauyin da ya wuce kima, ya kamata ka yi ƙoƙari don daidaitawarsa da daidaituwa koyaushe ta hanyar gwaji da kuma rage cin abinci.

Yin motsa jiki na yau da kullun yana rage haɗarin CVD kuma yana taimakawa rage LDL. Suna da tasiri musamman idan aka haɗu da su tare da abinci mai dacewa. Kawai motsa jiki na minti 30 na tsananin matsakaici sau 5 a mako zai iya taimaka maka rage nauyi da LDL. Don haɓaka tsarin horo da tantance matakin halatta kaya, yana da kyau a nemi shawarar kwararrun.

Magungunan magani

Idan rage cin abinci da aiki na yau da kullun ba su taimaka wajen daidaita cholesterol ba, to kwararren likita na iya tsara magunguna don maganin cholesterol sosai. A cikin yanayin inda sakamakon gwajin jini ya nuna wani babban matakin ƙwayar cholesterol (fiye da 200 mg / dl), ana iya tsara magani na miyagun ƙwayoyi daga farkon, lokaci guda tare da abinci da motsa jiki. Magungunan da aka saba amfani da su don rage ƙwayar cholesterol sun kasu kashi biyu:

Yawancin lokaci waɗannan sune mahimman fifiko a cikin yaƙi da ƙwayar cholesterol. Suna da sauƙin ɗauka kuma da wuya su yi hulɗa tare da wasu jami'ai. Sakamakon sakamako na waɗannan magunguna sun haɗa da myositis, ciwon haɗin gwiwa, ciki, da lalata hanta. Statins sun hada da:

lovastatin
pravastatin
rosuvastatin,
simvastatin
atsvastatin sz,
fluvastatin.

Ana amfani da wannan magani duka don rage LDL da haɓaka HDL. Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako sun haɗa da jan fata, ƙoshin ciki, ciwon kai, tsananin farin ciki, damuwa na gani da lalata hanta.

Masu neman bile acid:

Ana amfani da waɗannan magungunan don magance cutar hawan jini. Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako sun haɗa da zubar ciki, maƙarƙashiya, ƙwannafi, da haɓakar triglycerides. Mutanen da ke da tasirin triglycerides bai kamata su sha waɗannan magungunan ba. Wannan rukunin magungunan sun hada da:

Abubuwan hana Cholesterol

Magunguna da ake kira ezetimibe yana iyakance yawan ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin ƙananan hanjin. Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako sun haɗa da ciwon kai, tashin zuciya, rauni na tsoka. Ana amfani da wannan magani wani lokacin a hade tare da simvastatin.

Kalaman na fibroic acid:

Wadannan kwayoyi suna da tasiri a cikin ragewan triglycerides. Zuwa mafi ƙarancin kaɗan, suna da amfani a rage matakan LDL. Yawancin lokaci ana amfani dasu ta hanyar mutanen da basu yarda da niacin ba. Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako sun haɗa da myositis, rashin damuwa, ɗaukar hoto, gallstones, tashin hankali na zuciya, da lalata hanta. Wadannan kwayoyi sun hada da:

A cikin yanayin inda mai haƙuri ba zai iya kamuwa da wani rukuni na kwayoyi ba, likitan na iya ba da izinin haɗuwa da kwayoyi daga azuzuwan biyu.

Abinci da Kayan Abinci

Baya ga abincin da ya dace wanda aka bayyana a sama, ana bada shawara cewa wasu nau'ikan abinci da abubuwan abinci masu gina jiki a cikin abinci wanda zai iya taimakawa rage ƙwayar cholesterol.

Fiber Yawancin bincike sun nuna cewa fiber mai narkewa wanda aka samo a cikin legumes, oat bran, sha'ir groats, apples and flax tsaba yana rage LDL da triglycerides. Fiber kuma yana ba da gudummawa ga asarar nauyi, saboda yana haifar da jin daɗin rai. Ya kamata maza su cinye kimanin gram 30-38 na fiber a rana, kuma mata ya kamata su cinye gram 21-25.
Beta Glucan. Wannan nau'in polysaccharide mai narkewa yana nan a cikin oat bran da sauran tsire-tsire. Saboda gaskiyar cewa yana rage LDL, ana ɗaukar oatmeal wani nau'in abinci ne wanda ke rage yawan kiba.
Soyaya. Yawancin karatu sun nuna cewa cin furotin soya (tofu, tem da miso) azaman madadin nama dabba yana taimakawa rage ƙwayar cuta. Koyaya, yana iya ma'ana a nemi shawarar masana game da abinci mai gina jiki kafin a dauki abinci mai dauke da soya. Gaskiyar ita ce isoflavones da ke cikin soya, kamar estrogen, na iya haifar da haɗarin cutar kansa da sauran cututtukan daji.
Omega-3 mai kitse. Wadannan mahadi suna nan a yawan mai a cikin kifin mai, amfaninsu yana ba da gudummawa ga rigakafin CVD. Lokacin ɗauka azaman abincin abinci, waɗannan abubuwan zasu iya taimakawa na bakin jini. Sabili da haka, mutanen da ke shan sihiri na jini ya kamata su nemi likita kafin su ɗauki man kifi.
Alfa linolenic acid. Wannan fili shine mai bambance bambancen acid na omega-3 wanda ke taimakawa kare lafiyar zuciya. Koyaya, baida gudummawa ga ragewar triglycerides, kuma mahimmancin rage darajar LDL yana cikin shakka.
Vitamin C. Yawancin bincike sun nuna cewa cinye wannan bitamin a cikin adadin milligrams 100-200 kowace rana yana taimakawa rage ƙwayar cholesterol.
Beta Sisterol. Wannan fili shine mai shuka, abu mai iya rage yawan kwayar cholesterol. Yawancin bincike sun nuna cewa yin amfani da wannan abu yana taimakawa rage ƙananan LDL a cikin jiki. Ya kamata a fahimta, duk da haka, cewa beta-sisterol na iya rage matakan bitamin E da beta-carotene waɗanda hanjin ke sha. Dangane da haka, kuna iya buƙatar tuntuɓi likita.
Policosanol. An samo wannan kayan halitta daga sukari, yana iya rage LDL da haɓaka HDL. Hakanan yana iya tsoma baki tare da ƙirƙirar ƙarar jini. Policosanol, a gefe guda, na iya ƙara haɗarin zub da jini, don haka bai kamata mutane masu amfani da jini su sha shi ba.
Coenzyme Q10. Masu binciken sunyi imanin cewa coenzyme Q10 na iya haɓaka matakan antioxidant, wanda ke taimakawa hana CVD. Mutanen da ke ɗaukar statins galibi suna da alaƙa da ƙananan matakin coenzyme Q10. Sabili da haka, a wasu halaye, an sanya musu ƙarin kayan abinci masu ƙari tare da wannan abun.
Abubuwan Almara Polyphenols abubuwa ne na asalin shuka wanda ke da kaddarorin antioxidant. Zasu iya rage haɗarin atherosclerosis ta hanyar rage cutar da LDL mai haɓaka ya haifar.
Mai Sakewa Duk da cewa ana amfani da resveratrol da amfani don rage haɗarin CVD, amma har yanzu ba a san mafi yawan kuzarinsa ba. Hakanan, resveratrol, Abin takaici, yana da tasiri kama da na estrogen, wanda ba a so. Hakanan yana iya hulɗa tare da wasu magunguna. Saboda haka, ana buƙatar shawarar likita kafin haɗawa da wannan abun a cikin abincin.

Magungunan ganye

Magungunan ganye ana amfani dashi sosai wajen kula da sinadarin cholesterol. Yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa ganyayyakin ganyayyaki na iya hulɗa tare da sauran magunguna. Sabili da haka, ya zama dole a nemi shawara tare da gwani kafin a fara amfani da maganin ganyayyaki. Shuke-shuke da ke taimaka wa ƙananan ƙwayar cuta sun haɗa da:

hawthorn
tafarnuwa
plantain
guggul
jan shinkafa.

Rashin tsinkaye da haɗarin rikitarwa

Idan ba a magance shi ba, ƙwayar cholesterol zai iya haifar da rikitarwa da yawa. Wadannan sun hada da:

Cututtukan Zinare: Kolostarol fiye da sau 2 yana kara hadarin kamuwa da ciwon zuciya. Rage 1% na cholesterol yana haifar da raguwa 2% a cikin haɗarin rashin wadatar zuciya.
Bugun jini HDarancin HDL yana haɗuwa da haɓakar haɗarin bugun jini.
Insulin juriya. 88% na mutanen da ke da ƙananan HDL da 84% na mutanen da ke da babban triglycerides suna da juriya na insulin wanda ke haifar da matakan sukari mai girma. Mutane da yawa da ke jure insulin suna fuskantar kamuwa da cutar siga.

Don haɓaka tsinkayen dogon lokaci don hypercholesterolemia, ya zama dole don kula da madaidaitan nauyi, cin abinci mai ƙima a cikin mai mai cikakken daidai da matakin da ya dace na aiki. Menene fa'ida ga jikin mutum wajen daidaita samun kuzarin cholesterol? Babban fa'ida daga wannan shine raguwa mai mahimmanci a cikin haɗarin CVD, da haɓaka tsinkaye idan waɗannan cututtukan sun riga sun kasance.

Shin ya zan gigice da tambayoyin manyan cholesterol idan a wannan lokacin ba a lura da irin wannan matsalar ba? Ko da kuna da ƙwayar cholesterol na al'ada kuma babu matsalolin CVD, ya kamata ku bi ingantaccen salon rayuwa don samar wa jikin ku da ƙarin shinge na aminci don rayuwa nan gaba. Wannan ya hada da lafiyayyen abinci, motsa jiki na yau da kullun, nisantar shan taba da shan giya. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa shan giya shima yana tasiri ga abubuwan da ke haifar da tasirin cholesterol.

Maganin rashin gado

Tsarin cholesterol saboda dalilai na hereditary ana kiranta hereditary hypercholesterolemia. Wannan cutar tana sananniyar fasali, sabili da haka ana la'akari dashi anan daban. Tare da hypercholesterolemia na gado, matakin LDL a cikin jini ya wuce matsayin al'ada tun daga jariri. An gano wannan cuta ta rayuwa yayin binciken lafiyar yau da kullun. Hakanan za'a iya gano shi wasu lokuta ta gaban filayen kitse akan fatar ko a idanu. Jiyya ya kunshi yanayin rayuwa mai kyau da kuma shan magunguna waɗanda ke rage cholesterol.

Sanadin high cholesterol tare da hereditary hypercholesterolemia

Abubuwan rashin gado na jini suna haifar da lahani a cikin ƙwayar halittar da ke kula da metabolism a cikin jiki. A sakamakon wannan lahani, LDL ba a lalata shi daidai kuma yana tara jini. A mafi yawancin halaye, ana gado gatanci mai lalacewa ta hanyar heterozygous daga ɗayan iyayen. Idan gado shi ne homozygous, wato, duka iyayen su masu ɗaukar nauyin wannan mummunan ƙwayar cuta ce, to cutar ta ci gaba cikin mummunan tsari (homozygous). Hyerozygous na gado na hypercholesterolemia an lura dashi a cikin yanayi guda daga 500. Halin da ake kira homozygous na cutar ba kasada ba.

Siffofin cutar

Muhimmin fasalin wannan cuta shine haɓaka CVD tun yana ƙarami. An haifar da wannan ta hanyar samuwar katunan atherosclerotic a jikin bango na ciki na jijiyoyin zuciya. Wannan na iya haifar da bugun zuciya koda a cikin matasa. Bugu da kari, an lura da wadannan abubuwan masu zuwa:

xanthomas - kitse mai na fatar jiki, mai arziki a cikin cholesterol, yawanci ana kewaye dashi a gwiwan gwiwoyi, gwiwoyi, gindi da gabobin,
xanthelasma - kitse mai adana a kan gira,
baka
kiba.

Gano ciwo da kuma maganin heperitary hypercholesterolemia

Sau da yawa, gano cutar ta wannan cuta tana faruwa ne yayin daidaitattun gwaje-gwajen lafiya da kwamitocin likita. Hakanan, likita ko mara lafiya da kansa na iya lura da adon kitse akan fatar ko a idanun. Idan an gano wannan cuta a cikin dangi na kusa, to, ana iya ba ku shawarar ku yi gwajin ƙwaƙwalwa.

A cikin manya, kasancewar wannan cutar yawanci ana ɗauka tare da jimlar cholesterol sama da mil 7.5 a kowace lita ko LDL maida hankali ne akan 4.9. A cikin yara masu shekaru 10 zuwa 15, darajar ƙididdigar waɗannan alamomi ita ce 6.7 da 4.0, bi da bi.

Dangane da batun heterozygous heperitary hypercholesterolemia a cikin yara da matasa, ci gaban bayyanar cututtuka ba zai yiwu ba. Koyaya, yayin da shekaru ke ƙaruwa, ana iya buƙatar magani don wannan cutar don hana CVD.

Zaɓuɓɓukan magani

Kasancewa da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, cututtukan haɓaka na jiki wanda yawanci ba a haifar da shi ta hanyar rayuwar da ba ta da lafiya ba. Koyaya, kiyaye jikinka cikin mafi kyawun yanayin jiki zai taimaka hana matsalolin gaba. Hanyoyin da zasu biyo baya na iya taimaka maka wajen kiyaye lafiyar jikinka.

Lafiya kalau A mafi yawancin lokuta, koda a cikin rashin kiba ko wuce kima, ana buƙatar shawarar mai gina jiki.
Matsakaici na jiki.
Guji shan taba.
Kula da nauyi na yau da kullun.

Yawancin lokaci, ana bada shawarar rage ƙwayar cholesterol. Mafi yawan lokuta ana tsara su ne statins. Yara mara lafiya galibi suna ɗaukar siffofin dabbobi a cikin ƙuruciya ko kuma lokacin ƙuruciya. Wasu yara na iya buƙatar apheresis. Wannan hanyar magani, lokacin da ake amfani da tace LDL daga jini, yawanci ana haɗa shi a cikin yanayin hyzycholesterolemia na homozygous. Likitocin da ke halartar na iya ba da shawarar sauran mambobin gidan mai haƙuri don a bincika su na manyan ƙwayoyin cholesterol.

Yawancin lokaci, hangen nesa na marasa lafiya da ke da cutar sanƙara ta iyali yana da matukar dacewa a yanayin rayuwa mai inganci, saka idanu akai-akai na cholesterol da shan magunguna duka. Dangane da yanayin nau'in kwayar cutar alaƙa (hyzygous) na cutar, hangen nesa ba shi da wata fa'ida.

Statin-free cholesterol ragewa: magunguna da abinci na tushen shuka

Statins su ne mafi inganci magungunan rage kiba. Sun toshe enzyme da ke da alhakin sinadarin cholesterol a cikin hanta, yayin da abun cikin shi ke raguwa. A lokaci guda, adadin masu karɓar LDL yana ƙaruwa, wanda ke haifar da haɓakar haɓakar "mummunan ƙwayar cholesterol" daga jini.

simvastatin (vasilip, zokor, aries, simvageksal, simvakard, simvakol, simvastin, simvastol, simvo, simlo, sincard, holvasim),
lovastatin (cardiostatin, choletar),
pravastatin
atorvastatin (anvistat, atocor, atomax, ator, atorvox, atoris, vazator, lipoford, lypimar, liptonorm, novostat, torvazin, torvakard, tulip),
rosuvastatin (akorta, giciye, mertenil, rosart, rosistark, rosucard, rosulip, roxera, rustor, tevastor),
pitavastatin (livazo),
fluvastatin (leskol).

Lovastatin da simvastatin an yi su ne daga fungi. Waɗannan sune “prodrugs” waɗanda a cikin hanta suka juya zuwa matakan metabolites masu aiki. Pravastatin asalinsa ne na metabolites na fungal, amma ba a metabolized a cikin hanta ba, amma ya riga ya zama abu mai aiki. Fluvastatin da atorvastatin sune kwayoyi masu haɓaka.

Ana wajabta statins sau daya a rana da maraice, tunda ganuwar cholesterol a jiki yana faruwa da dare. A hankali, maganin su na iya ƙaruwa. Sakamakon ya faru riga a cikin kwanakin farko na gudanarwa, ya kai mafi girma a cikin wata daya.

Statins suna da cikakken hadari. Koyaya, lokacin amfani da manyan allurai, musamman a hade tare da fibrates, aikin hanta mai rauni yana yiwuwa. Wasu marasa lafiya suna jin zafin ƙwayar tsoka da rauni.

Statins ba su shafi aikin purine da carbohydrate metabolism. Ana iya tsara su don gout, ciwon sukari, kiba.

Statins wani bangare ne na ka'idoji don lura da atherosclerosis. An tsara su azaman maganin monotherapy ko a hade tare da sauran jami'in antiatherosclerotic. Akwai haɗuwa da aka yi da lovastatin da nicotinic acid, simvastatin da ezetimibe (ingi), pravastatin da fenofibrate, rosuvastatin da ezetimibe.

Ana haɗuwa da haɗuwa da statins da acetylsalicylic acid, da atorvastatin da amlodipine (duplexor, caduet). Amfani da haɗakar riga da aka shirya yana ƙaruwa da haƙuri ga haƙuri (yarda), yana da fa'ida ga tattalin arziƙi, kuma yana haifar da raguwar sakamako.

Sauran magunguna masu rage kiba

Benzaflavin yana cikin rukunin bitamin B2. Yana inganta metabolism a cikin hanta, yana haifar da raguwa a cikin matakan jini na glucose, triglycerides, cikakken cholesterol. An yarda da maganin sosai, an tsara shi a cikin darussan dogon.

Mahimmanci ya ƙunshi mahimmancin phospholipids, bitamin B, bitamin nicotinamide, acid mai narkewa, sodium pantothenate. Magungunan yana inganta fashewa da kawar da "mummunan" cholesterol, yana kunna kyawawan kaddarorin "cholesterol" mai kyau.

Lipostable yana gab da kasancewa da aiki don Muhimmiyar.

Omega-3 triglycerides (omacor) an wajabta su don magance cututtukan cututtukan jini (ban da nau'in hyperchilomicronemia na 1), kazalika don rigakafin yaduwar cutar sankara.

Ezetimibe (ezetrol) yana jinkirta shan ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin hanji, yana rage yawan ci a cikin hanta. Yana rage abun cikin "mara kyau" cholesterol a cikin jini. Magungunan sun fi tasiri a hade tare da statins.

Bidiyo akan taken "Cholesterol da statins: Shin ya cancanci shan maganin?"

Babban alamomin bayanan lipid

Kimantawa na bayanan furotin yana ba ku damar gano yiwuwar keta tasirin mai mai. Wannan ya wajaba don magani da rigakafin cututtukan zuciya da kiba.

Manuniya na lipid metabolism:

Ana daukar cholesterol daya daga cikin mahimman lipids, a cikin jini zai iya kasancewa a cikin yanayin kyauta, har ma da lipoproteins da kuma a cikin yanayin da ya sake girma (fili tare da mai mai). Idan ba tare da ita ba, samar da sel membranes, hadadden kwayoyin halittar mace da namiji, bile acid da kuma bitamin D ba zai yiwu ba .. Irin wannan alamar a matsayin cikakken cholesterol ya hada da kyauta da duk nau'ikan cholesterol. 80% na cholesterol ana samarwa a cikin jikin mutum (hanta, hanji), kawai kusan 20% sun fito ne daga abinci.
Poarancin lipoproteins mai yawa (LDL) sune barbashi waɗanda ke tattare da haɗarin sunadarai tare da cholesterol "mara kyau". Tare da beta lipoproteins. Suna jigilar cholesterol daga hanta zuwa gabobin da kyallen takarda. Ingantaccen LDL yana ƙara haɗarin haɓakar cutar atherosclerosis.
Babban lipoproteins mai yawa (HDL) canja wurin lipids daga kyallen na gefe zuwa hanta, inda suke rushewa zuwa samfurin ƙarshe - acid bile. In ba haka ba, ana kiran su alpha lipoproteins ko cholesterol “mai kyau”, ƙimar alamu tana yin daidai da haɗarin haɓakar atherosclerosis. Mafi girman alamar, ƙananan yiwuwar cutar.

Tebur mai cin abinci ga mata masu shekaru 55

Sanadin Hypercholesterolemia

Haɓaka lipids na jini na iya zama saboda dalilai daban-daban. Hypercholesterolemia kanta ba cuta ba ce, kawai tana nuna rashin nasarar tsarin aikin metabolism ne.

Sanadin Babban Kwayar cuta:

Karin bayani

Take hakkin abinci.
Kashi.
Cututtukan cututtukan fata (ciwon sukari mellitus, hypothyroidism, cutar hanta).
Mummunan halaye.
Sedentary salon.
Kiba

Bayan shekaru 50, mata suna da hauhawar ƙwayar jini. Wannan yana faruwa ne saboda farawar menopause. Kwayoyin Ovarian (estrogens) suna kare ƙwayar jijiyoyin bugun jini na 'yan mata daga tasirin cholesterol, yana hana ƙirƙirar filayen atherosclerotic.

Extarnawar ƙwayar ƙwayar ciki yana hana mace wannan kariya ta halitta, yana ƙara saurin yiwuwar atherosclerosis da cututtukan da ke tare da ita - cututtukan zuciya da na zuciya, bugun zuciya da bugun jini.

A cewar kididdigar, bayan menopause, matakin jimlar cholesterol da LDL ya karu da 6-10% a shekara. Abincin da ba a daidaita shi ba yakan haifar da hauhawar yawan maida hankali akan lipid. Abinci mai sauri yana cutarwa musamman ga jiki saboda yawan abun cikin fats ɗin trans. Baya ga mummunan tasirin da ke tattare da tasirin mai, suna kuma da tasirin sakamako mai illa.

Rashin magani

Don daidaita al'ada cholesterol, ya kamata ku bi ka'idodin tsarin rayuwa mai lafiya. Karyatar da halaye mara kyau, motsa jiki na yau da kullun, da rage cin abinci na iya taimakawa wajen kawo yawan motsawar abinci mai narkewa zuwa al'ada tare da dan karkatarwa.

Abincin abinci mai gina jiki don hypercholesterolemia ya kamata a daidaita shi, ya tabbatar da cikakkiyar buƙatun jiki na jiki.

Koyaya, ya kamata ka iyakance yawan amfani da abinci a cikin cholesterol, amma a kowane hali yakamata a cire su gaba daya daga abincin. Waɗannan samfurori ne kamar su kirim mai tsami, man shanu, ƙwai, cuku, tsiran alade, nama.

Ana bada shawara don zaɓar iri tare da ƙananan kashi mai, alade sun fi son naman sa. Abubuwan da ke bayyane masu kitse daga nama kafin dafa abinci ana shawa su yanka. Ma mayonnaise, abinci mai sauri yana da kyau don ware gaba ɗaya daga cikin abincin, yana da buƙatar iyakance yawan cin gishiri, ana cin ƙoshin kwai ba sau 2 a mako. Very amfani ga jiki kifi, musamman marine.

A cikin abincin yau da kullun, kuna buƙatar ƙara hatsi, kayan lambu, ganye, kwayoyi. Kayan kayan lambu suna da wadatar fiber, bitamin da ma'adanai, suna ba da gudummawa ga haɓakar metabolism ta hanyar ƙarfafa tsarin HDL da rage yawan ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin hanji.

Magungunan magani

Rage matakan cholesterol daga dabi'un al'ada ba za'a iya watsi da shi ba. A irin wannan yanayin, tattaunawa tare da babban likita wajibi ne. Idan ya cancanta, zai iya ba da shawarar ƙarin gwaji, aika don shawara tare da likitan zuciya da endocrinologist. Magungunan ƙwayar cuta na hypercholesterolemia shine mafi yawan lokuta ana tsara ta ta hanyar likitan kwantar da hankali ko likitan zuciya.

Magunguna na inganta Lipid:

Statins (lovastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin, simvastatin) suna rage ƙwayar cholesterol ta hanta, suna ba da gudummawa ga cire LDL daga cikin jini da ƙarin amfani a cikin hanta. Ba za a iya tsara shi don cututtukan hanta ba.
Fibrates (ciprofibrate, fenofibrate) yana haɓaka matakin HDL da rage abun ciki na triglycerides a cikin jini. Za a iya amfani da statins.
Niacin (niacin) yadda yakamata yana rage haɗuwar triglycerides da LDL a cikin jini, yana ƙara yawan abubuwan HDL. Contraindicated a na ciki miki.
Ba a amfani da masu neman bile acid a halin yanzu don kansu, ana iya sanya su azaman ƙarin kayan aiki don maganin ƙwayar cutar sitati.
Omega-3 polyunsaturated mai acid (Omacor) ana bada shawarar don kula da marasa lafiya bayan infarction na myocardial.
Cholesterol shan inhibitors na cholesterol (ezetimibe) yana hana sha na cholesterol a cikin karamin hanji, ana amfani dasu a hade tare da statins.

Ya kamata a tuna cewa magani na kai yana barazanar mummunan sakamako, miyagun ƙwayoyi da magunguna masu mahimmanci dole ne a tsara ta kwararru akan bayanan dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Jiyya tare da magunguna na jama'a

Tare da hypercholesterolemia, kayan ash na dutse wanda aka shirya ta amfani da kayan zaki suna da tasiri. Zai taimaka rage tasirin cholesterol da kuma tafiyar kwana 40 na shan man linseed (20 g kowace safiya akan komai a ciki) ko kuma ruwan teku, ana iya ƙara shi zuwa salads ko kuma a ɗauka a cikin rabin teaspoon na busassun foda. Don yin rigakafi da magani na atherosclerosis, ƙwayoyin bushewa na linden fure ko tushen dandelion ana amfani da nasara sosai. Wajibi ne a karbe su a cokali 1 kafin abinci.

Taimaka wajan shawo kan cutar da kayan kwalliyar daji. Don shirya shi, 20 g na crushed bushe berries dole ne a zuba tare da gilashin ruwan zãfi, simmer na mintina 15 a kan zafi kadan, to zuriya. Halfauki rabin kofuna na ado sau 2 a rana. Nasara a cikin yaƙi da dyslipidemia da kudan zuma (kudan zuma, propolis).

Saboda babban abun ciki na bitamin da ma'adanai, samfuran magunguna na gargajiya ba wai kawai suna taimakawa karfafa tasirin jini da tsabtace su daga cholesterol ba, har ma suna kara kariya da inganta rayuwa.