Atherosclerosis da sakamakonsa ga jikin mutum da gabobinsa

Sakamakon haɗari wanda ya zama ruwan dare gama gari ga duk cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki shine haɓakar cutawar jijiyoyin jini a wuraren da ke ciyar da jijiyoyin. Ya danganta da tsananin matsalar waɗannan rikice-rikicen, sakamakon su yafi ko ƙarancin haɗari ga jiki. Don haka, tare da rikice-rikice na wurare dabam dabam, lokacin da kyallen takarda ke tasiri sosai, sakamako masu haɗari na iya haɓaka ba kawai ga lafiyar ɗan adam ba, har ma da rayuwarsa.

Yanayin waɗannan rikice-rikice an ƙaddara su da farko ta wurin fassara, watau, wurin da ake gudanar da aikin bincike na kansa.

Tare da aortic atherosclerosis, wanda yawanci yakan haifar da gazawar jini, a wasu lokuta cututtukan huhu na tasowa (cututtukan zuciya). Daga huhun huda, haɓakar alkamar (kumburi kumburi da ke rufe huhun ciki) shima hakan zai yiwu. A wannan yanayin, yana faruwa ne saboda gazawar jijiyoyin jini, kuma ba cutar huhu ba, kamar yadda ya zama ruwan dare gama gari.

Ofaya daga cikin bayyanar cututtuka masu haɗari da haɗari na aortic atherosclerosis na iya zama mai daɗaɗar cutar aortic aneurysm, sasanta sabo da kuma fashewar aorta.

Aneurysm wakiltar wani bakin ciki ne da yadudduka ("aljihu") na bangon jirgin ruwa, wanda aka kafa a mafi rauni a bangon jijiyoyin bugun jini. Tare da ciwon aortic aneurysm, jin zafi wanda yakan bayyana a cikin dare, musamman bayan mafarkin wani yanayi mara kyau ko barazanar, suna tayar da hankali. An danganta su da matsin lamba akan jijiyoyin ƙwayoyin jijiya, waɗanda suke a cikin kusa da kusa da nan take. Zafin na iya matsewa, fashewa, jin zafi a yanayi. Wani lokaci marasa lafiya suna kwatanta shi a matsayin "jin daɗin ji." Yawancin lokaci yakan faru ne a bayan sternum, na iya ba da ƙarƙashin wuyan kafada, zuwa wuya.

A sakamakon matsawa daga cikin kirji gabobin, shortness na numfashi, tari wanda ba ya kawo taimako, tashin hankali, kuma ya rage ventricular wurare dabam dabam na jini zai iya faruwa. Idan aka yawaita saurin fitar jini a cikin girman, to hakan yana kara matsa lamba akan jijiyoyi, jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin jini.

Rage numfashi, tari, da ciwo na iya ƙaruwa tare da ɗaga hannu sama. Saboda haka, mutane da yawa waɗanda suka kamu da ciwon aortic aneurysm suna da mummunan harin da safe lokacin da suke gashi gashi.

Kasancewarsa babban haɗari ne: sake faruwa na iya fashewa (lokacin rikici na hauhawar jini, lokacin ƙoƙarin jiki, da sauransu), wanda zai haifar da zubar jini a ciki.

Aneurysm na iya daidaitawa, wanda kuma rikitarwa ne wanda ke barazanar rayuwar mara lafiya. A wannan yanayin, rufin ciki na jirgin zai lalace kuma hematoma ya bazu zuwa tsakiyar mectrane na aoksic. Idan ba za a iya ba da taimakon likita a kan lokaci ba, ɓacin ranta ya kuɓuta.

Tare da katsewa daga cikin aorta ko mai daɗaɗɗar sauridi, zazzaɓi mai zafi kwatsam ya bayyana a bayan sternum ko a cikin yankin epigastric (mai jikewa, yankan, “dagger”), a baya tare da kashin baya. Zasu iya yada zuwa ƙananan baya, ga al'amuran, zuwa kafafu. Hoton mummunan girgiza yana tasowa (pallor na fatar jiki da mucous membranes, sanyi, gumi mai ƙarfi, yawan numfashi mara ƙarfi), aikin koda yana rauni (aikin fitsari yana raguwa ko an daina tsayawa gaba ɗaya), ana lura da tsaftar yanayi ko kuma tsayayye.

Koyaya, a wasu yanayi, akasin haka, haɓakar haɓakar jini yana haɓaka.

A mafi yawan lokuta, mutuwa tana faruwa ne tsakanin kwanaki 2-3. Sai kawai wuraren da suka zama ruwan dare da aka lura da su.

Yanke kan aorta kusan kai tsaye yana haifar da mutuwa, saboda haka alamun kawai basu da lokacin bayyana.

Atherosclerosis na aorta Hakanan yana iya rikitar da ci gaban aneurysm. A cikin kusan 1/3 na mutanen da ke da sabo-sabo na ciki aorta, wannan yanayin asymptomatic ne. A cikin mutanen da ke bakin ciki tare da ɗakin kwana, ana iya gano shi a cikin nau'in samin bugun jini a cikin babba na ciki, mafi yawan lokuta zuwa hagu na tsakiya.

Kasancewar ciwon sabo yana iya haɗuwa da mummunan ciwon ciki bayan cin abinci, wanda magunguna ba sa kwantar da su. Hakanan akwai matsala daban-daban a cikin maƙarƙashiyar ciki (tashin zuciya, amai, amai, gudawa). Matsaloli masu yuwuwar fashewar hankali da rauni a cikin kafafu, rashi mara amfani. Hasashen ciwon ciki na aortic aneurysm shima ba shi da kyau.

Atherosclerosis daga cikin tasoshin koda tare da raunuka guda biyu na atherosclerotic daga cikin jijiya yana da rikitarwa ta hanyar ci gaban hauhawar jijiya tare da matsanancin tashin hankali na diastolic. A wannan yanayin, ana kirkirar da'irar mugunta lokacin da kasancewar atherosclerosis ke haifar da ci gaban hauhawar jini, wanda hakan ke ba da gudummawa ga saurin ci gaba na aikin atherosclerotic.

Haka kuma, hanya ta wannan nau'in hauhawar jini shine ci gaba a yanayi, tare da yawan rikice-rikice masu hauhawar jini da saurin ci gaba na rikice-rikice.

Atherosclerosis na koda na iya haifar da haɓakar infalction na koda a sakamakon toshewar ɓangarori ta hanyar katako mai ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin jiki da ƙarancin iskar oxygen zuwa ga kayan koda.

Wani sabon abu wanda yake yawan faruwa da kuma jijiyoyin jini na cututtukan ƙwayar cutar koda daga asalin cutarwar atherosclerotic ta. Ana tunanin wannan da farko idan, bayan jin zafi a ciki da ƙananan baya, hawan jini ya tashi.

Wataƙila haɓakar sabbin ƙwaƙwalwar koda, wanda kuma yana haɓaka da hawan jini.

Tunda atherosclerosis na tsokoki na ƙananan ƙarshen yana haifar da ƙarancin abinci na kyallen da cututtukan trophic, zai iya rikitarwa ta hanyar cututtukan trophic, kuma a cikin manyan lokuta, ta hanyar gangrene.

Zuwa rashin karamin hadari zai iya haifar da hakan rauni na rauni na jijiyoyin zuciya da jijiyacewa ciyar da zuciya tsoka. Dangane da ƙididdiga, ƙwaƙwalwar atherosclerosis shine mafi yawan abin da ke faruwa (97-98%) na ci gaba cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin jini (CHD). Wannan cuta na iya faruwa a cikin m ko na kullum tsari. Dalilin rashin isashshen jini yana kaiwa zuwa zuciyar zuciya (myocardium).

Dalili na yanzu, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar cututtuka na cututtukan zuciya, shine takaitawa na lumen daga cikin jijiyoyin zuciya da kuma isar da iskar oxygen zuwa cikin myocardium. A mafi yawan halayen, wannan na faruwa ne yayin da jirgi mara nauyi ke ɗaukar jirgin ruwan.

Akwai bambance-bambance masu yawa na cututtukan zuciya, daga cikin abin da ya fi yawa shine angina pectoris. Alamarta na farko yayin motsa jiki suna bayyana lokacin da jijiya ta cika 75%. Idan muka tuna cewa ana iya samun alamun atherosclerosis a jikin kowane mutum, ya zama a bayyane cewa babu ɗayanmu da ya aminta daga ciwan cututtukan zuciya. Saboda haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a san alamun wannan cutar don fara magani akan lokaci da kuma hana haɓakar rikice-rikice. Wannan gaskiya ne musamman idan kayi la'akari da cewa kusan 40% na marasa lafiya tare da angina pectoris suna sane da kamuwa da cutar kuma suna karban magani. Wato, kusan kashi 60% na mutane basa zargin cewa suna da angina pectoris.

Tare da ci gaban atherosclerosis, lokacin da lumen jirgin ruwa ya zama mafi kunkuntar, kuma rashi na magani mai mahimmanci, za a iya tsananta yanayin cutar, lokacin da yanayin halayyar angina pectoris ke damun mutum ko da ƙananan ƙoƙarin jiki ko ma a hutawa (ci gaban angina pectoris). Hare-hare na angina pectoris na iya rikitarwa ta hanyar lalata jijiya mai narkewa a cikin myocardium, wanda aka bayyana a cikin arrhythmias na zuciya.

Tare da muhimmacin rashi tsakanin bukatar oxygen na ƙwayar zuciya da bayarwa ta zahiri, yanayin barazanar kaɗa fitowar ƙwayar cuta ta haɓaka.

Infarction na zuciya na zuciya - necrosis (mutuwa) na ƙwayoyin tsoka na zuciya saboda karancin isashshen oxygen. Yana haɓaka gaba da baya na rashin lafiyar jijiyoyin jini masu rauni. Haɓakar ɓarna da ƙwayar cuta ta hanji zai iya faruwa ta hanyar narkar da ƙananan jijiyoyi biyu na jini sau ɗaya tare da atherosclerosis na jijiya.

Mafi yawan lokuta, bugun kirji yana nuna ciwon zuciya, wanda zai iya wuce fiye da minti 30-60 kuma baya samun nutsuwa ta hanyar shan nitroglycerin.

Rashin ƙwayar cuta na cikin zuciya na iya zama babban haɗari ga rayuwar ɗan adam idan adadi mai yawa na ƙwayoyin tsoka suka mutu. Sakamakon haka, aikin famfo na zuciya yana tasiri matuka, wato, yana rasa ƙarfinsa don yin ɗimbin adadin jinin da ake buƙata. A wasu halaye, akwai rikicewar zuciya. Hawan jini zai iya ƙaruwa, sannu a hankali matsakaici. A lokuta masu tsauri, ana lura da yanayin girgiza tare da raguwa sosai a cikin karfin jini.

Kowace bambance bambancen cututtukan zuciya na iya haifar da ci gaban rikice-rikicen rayuwa.

Ofayansu shine arrhythmias - cardiac arrhythmias. Arrhythmia - Wannan sautin bugun zuciya ne wanda ya sha bamban da na al'ada a lokuta, wurin da ya faru na sha'awar jijiya. Wannan saboda lalacewar bugun zuciya ne a sassa daban-daban na tsarin aikin zuciya.

Ajiyar zuciya. Tare da haɓaka wannan rikitaccen rikicewar, hawan jini ya faɗi ƙasa 80 / 20-25 mm Hg. Art. A lokaci guda, sanannen pallor na fata, acrocyanosis (cyanosis daga ƙarshen hanci, yatsunsu, kunnuwa), da sanyaya ƙarshen daga ciki an lura dasu. A dangane da ci gabanbugun zuciya nessarancin numfashi, motsawa, hurawar iska, ana iya lura da wannan cutar. A cikin mawuyacin hali, alamun gazawar koda ya bayyana (raguwa a cikin samuwar fitsari har zuwa ƙarshen dakatarwa). Mutum yakan zama an hana shi, hankali ya rikice.

Rashin lafiyar zuciya. Tare da haɓakar lalacewawar jijiyoyin jiki, keta haddin ƙaddamar da jini zuwa kyallen zai iya haifar da rushewar aikin ƙungiyar kuma yana haifar da canje-canje a ciki waɗanda ke da haɗari ga rayuwar mai haƙuri.

Bayyanar cututtuka na rashin ƙarfi a cikin hagu sune rashin lafiyar zuciya da fuka da jijiyoyin zuciya. A mafi yawan halayen, harin asma, almara, bushewar tari, gazawar numfashi da daddare. Mai haƙuri ya ɗauki matsayin tilasta (zaune, kafafu ƙasa). Fatar ta zama kodadde, an rufe shi da gumi mai sanyi. Hawan jini ya ragu tare da lalacewa. Idan ba a ba da taimako na gaggawa ba, huhun huhun ciki yana tasowa (tari tare da ruwan hura mai ruwan hoda mai ɗauke da haɗuwa da jini). A cikin nesa m rales a cikin huhu ana ji. Irin wannan numfashi ana kiranta bubbub.

A cikin ƙarancin ƙarancin ventricle, ƙarancin numfashi, jin zafi a cikin dama na hypochondrium, edema, kumburi na jijiyoyin mahaifa na haɓaka. Bugun jini yana da sauri, maras lokaci.

Abubuwa masu haɗari masu haɗari sosai na iya haifar da hakan. cerebral arteriosclerosis. Sakamakonsa shine haɗari na cerebrovascular, wanda zai iya zama m (basur ko bugun jini na ischemic), na lokaci ko na kullum.

Rashin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta jijiyoyin mahaifa tare da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta na atherosclerotic na iya haifar da raguwar kwararar jini a cikin wani sashe na kwakwalwa tare da haɓakar encephalopathy, bugun zuciya, ko zubar jini a cikin mahaifa.

Haɓakar haɗarin ƙwayar cuta na ƙwayar cuta, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana faruwa ne gabanin lokaci-lokaci na alamun bayyanar cututtuka na rashin ƙwaƙwalwarsa, waɗanda aka bayyana a sama. Tare da ƙarin haɓakar atherosclerosis da raguwa a cikin ƙwayar jijiyoyin ƙwayar cuta, waɗannan alamu sun zama na dindindin. Rage hankali, rikicewar daidaituwa na motsi da ji na gani, i.e., alamun encephalopathy, suma suna shiga.

Yiwuwar samun raunin jijiyoyin kwakwalwa yana ƙaruwa sosai tare da hauhawar jini. Iskemic and hemorrhagic stroke da taransient cerebrovascular accident (Transient ischemic harin - TIA) sune ɗayan cututtukan da suka fi ci gaba da rikicewa da hauhawar jini. Saboda haka, ingantacciyar jiyyarsa na iya rage haɗarin ci gaban rikicewar kwakwalwa.

Hadarin cutar bugun jini yana ƙaruwa sosai idan mutum ya wahala ciwon sukari. Wadannan mutane a galibin lokuta suna korafin cutar hawan jini, suna da cholesterol mai jini da kiba. Duk waɗannan abubuwan, kamar yadda muka ambata a sama, suna tsinkayar cutar bugun jini da ƙara haɗarin bugun jini.

Yancin allunan atherosclerotic a jikin bangon carotid arteries yana haifar da taƙaitawar mahimmancin su, sabili da haka, abinci mai kwakwalwa yana da damuwa. Ingarancin ɓarnar katuwar waɗannan tasoshin na iya haifar da ci gaban bugun jini.

Sakamakon mummunan atherosclerosis, musamman idan yana tare da hawan jini, ƙwayar katako ta ragu, kwakwalwa tana karɓar isasshen oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki.

A tsawon lokaci, lokaci na zuwa da rashin daidaituwa tsakanin yaduwar jini zuwa takamaiman yanki na kwakwalwa da bukatar iskar oxygen daga sel ta zama mai mahimmanci. Wannan yana haifar da matsananciyar yunwar oxygen na sel, waɗanda suka fi damuwa da raunin oxygen. Kafa sikarin mahaifa, ko cutar ischemic.

Wani rikitarwa na hauhawar jini da rushewar sabon saurjiya na bango na jijiyoyin bugun gini a bayan sa shine na ciki da jijiyoyin jini (bugun jini na jini). Wannan zabin yakai kusan kashi 20% na dukkan bugun jini.

Likitocin sun kira hatsarin mahalli a jiki "Hare-hare na ischemic na farko" (TIA). Wadannan yanayin wani lokaci zasu zama bugun jini. Zasu iya faruwa kwanaki da yawa ko ma watanni kafin bunƙasa. TIAs suna da alaƙa da ɓangaren bugun zuciya na hanjin ƙwayar cuta. Bayyanar cututtuka na ƙwayar jijiyoyin ƙwayar cuta a jiki yawanci sunada tsawon minti 1-5. An yi bayanin takaitaccen lokacin da suke kasancewa ta gaskiyar cewa a cikin wannan lokacin, thrombus, wanda ya haifar da katange jirgin ruwa, ya rushe a ƙarƙashin aikin enzymes na musamman. An sake dawo da bayar da jini zuwa yankin da abin ya shafa na kwakwalwa, yanayin al'ada ne. Amma a cikin mutumin da ya sami wannan yanayin, da yiwuwar samun bugun jini a nan gaba yana ƙaruwa sau da yawa.

Menene alamun rikicewar jini a cikin kwakwalwa wanda ya kamata ya zama alama mai haɗari ga mutumin da ke fama da cutar atherosclerosis da hauhawar jini:

• kwatsam ciwon kai
• kaifi rauni, rauni na hannu, kafafu, tsokoki na fuska. Musamman ya kamata faɗakar da faruwar waɗannan alamun a cikin rabi na jiki,
• karancin magana
• rikice,
• raunin gani daga idanu ɗaya ko duka biyun.

Tare da ci gaban da ya dace na abubuwan da suka faru, alamomin da aka lissafa sun ɓace bayan minutesan mintuna ko awanni. A wannan yanayin, suna magana ne game da rikicewar rikicewar jijiyoyin jini. Idan gunaguni ya ci gaba da daskarewa a cikin kullun, to, yanayin ya fi tsanani, muna magana ne game da bugun jini.

Amma ko da ɓacewar kanka daga cikin waɗannan alamun, kuna buƙatar ganin likita da wuri-wuri. Shi ne kawai zai iya yin maganin daidai kuma ya tsara lokacin da ake buƙata, wanda zai taimaka wajen kawar da mummunan haɗarin rikicewar jijiyoyin jini a cikin tasoshin kwakwalwa.

Ainihin sunan "na kullum hatsari cerebrovascular accident" yana nuna cewa wannan yanayin yana ci gaba a hankali. Abubuwan da ke haifar da faruwar hakan ba su bambanta da waɗanda ke haifar da ci gaban alamun alamun haɗarin ƙwayar cuta. Tare da haɓaka tsarin atherosclerotic, ƙwayar ƙwayar jijiyoyin da abin ya shafa ya zama mafi kunkuntar, kuma wannan yana haifar da ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki da suke buƙata. Abun kwakwalwar shine mafi kula ga rashi oxygen a tsakanin sauran tsokoki na jikin mutum.

Sakamakon haɗarin ƙwayar cuta na yau da kullun na iya zama yanayin da likitoci ke kira encephalopathy rarrabuwa. Yana haifar da canji a cikin ƙwayar kwakwalwa, wanda, tare da atherosclerosis, na iya haifar da wasu cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki.

A farkon matakin, mutum zai zama mai fushi, mutanen da ke kewaye da shi suna lura da yawan motsin yanayi. Damuwa da ciwon kai, farin ciki, tinnitus, rage ƙwaƙwalwa da hankali. Mafi yawan lokuta, alamun farko na wannan cutar suna bayyana ne akan asalin karuwar jigilar jigilar jini a hawan jini. Idan an ba da taimakon likita daidai a wannan matakin na ci gaban cutar, yanayin haƙuri yana daidaita ko inganta.

Tare da ci gaba da cutar, ƙararraki daga tsarin mai juyayi (jin ƙyashi, ciwon kai, da sauransu) sun bayyana. Suna damun mutum sau da yawa kuma ya dage tsawon lokaci. Koda yanayin yanayi na iya faruwa. Abilityarfafawar motsin rai yakan zama mafi ma'ana. A mafi yawan lokuta, cutar tana ci gaba yayin hawan jini. A wannan matakin, tashin hankali na hawan jini na iya faruwa, wanda bayan hakan akwai rikice-rikice na tsarin juyayi na wani lokaci.

Wasu mutane suna da raunin tunani. Suna zama masu shakkar kai, bayyanuwar son kai, rikici game da wasu. Matsalar hankali, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya don al'amuran yanzu suna raguwa. Rashin ƙarfi da raguwa.

Tare da gazawar zagayawar bugun jini, canje-canje a cikin kwakwalwa yana ƙaruwa, alamun cutar suna kara bayyana. Waƙwalwa da hankali suna da ƙari, za a rage da'irar abubuwan sha'awa. Tsakanin waɗannan canje-canje, rikice-rikice na cerebral ko shanyewar jiki suna bayyana sosai kuma sau da yawa.

Binciken da masanin ilimin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta yayi bayyananniyar alamu na lalacewar wuraren kwakwalwa da jijiyoyin cranial. An gano rikicewar magana, rashin aiki na motsi, ƙwarewar hankali, da raguwar gabobin ƙashin ƙugu suna yiwuwa.

Baya ga haɗarin cerebrovascular, hauhawar jini kai tsaye yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban aikin atherosclerotic.

Tare da canzawa a cikin karfin jini da sautin canzawa na bango na jijiyoyin bugun gini, saurin sa yana raguwa, a wasu sassan gado na jijiyoyin jiki, bangon na jijiyoyin ya zama bakin ciki. A wa annan wuraren, tasoshin za su yi tsayi, su zama kamar gurɓata, lalata, kuma suna iya tanƙwara.

Tare da hauhawar jini a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jini, ana ajiye cholesterol cikin sauri, saboda haka atherosclerosis yana haɓaka da sauri fiye da mutum a cikin jini mai al'ada. Kuma yayin da waɗannan abubuwan biyu suka haɗu cikin jiki, da yiwuwar haɓaka rikitarwa kamar bugun zuciya da bugun jini yana ƙaruwa sosai. Dangane da lura da likitocin, wadannan yanayi galibi sune ke sanadin mutuwar mutane masu fama da hauhawar jini.

Muddin kasancewar cutar ta fi yawa, mafi girman yiwuwar sauya canje-canje a cikin jiragen. Wannan yana haifar da asarar hankalin ƙwayoyi, wanda ke nufin cewa nasara daga jiyya ba za a faɗi haka ba. Da zaran likitan ya isa wurin ceto, za a sami kyakkyawan sakamako. Wannan saboda a farkon cutar, lokacin da tasoshin har yanzu suke riƙe da ikon haɓakawa da kuma ikon sauƙin canza ƙwayar su a ƙarƙashin tasirin tasirin jijiyoyi, magungunan sun sami nasarar daidaita sautinsu.

Sauran rikice-rikice masu haɗari na hauhawar jini sune thrombosis, wanda galibi ana yin sa a cikin jiragen ruwa wanda aka canza ta hanyar matsanancin ƙarfi. Tarewa da toshewar wani jirgin ruwa daga bututun jini yana haifar da dakatarwa ko raguwa mai yawa zuwa kwararar jini ta jijiya. Sakamakon haka, yankin da ya sami jini daga cutar sankarau ya kamu da cutar kansa. Zai iya zama infarction na myocardial ko bugun zuciya.

Tare da hauhawar jini, an shafa tasoshin ido. Ganuwar su ta yi kauri, kasa na roba. Wannan yana haifar da rauni na lokaci ko na dindindin na gani.

Vesselsarancin jiragen ruwa na retina, waɗanda suke a ƙasan ƙwallon ido, suna fuskantar tasirin canje-canje a cikin jini. Yanayin canje-canjensu ya dace da canje-canje a cikin hanyoyin jini na wasu gabobin ciki ciki tare da hauhawar jini. Sabili da haka, ophthalmoscopy (bincika tasoshin kudade na likitan ophthalmologist) bincike ne mai ƙima sosai wanda ke ba da ra'ayi game da matakan cutar.

Musamman canje-canje da aka ambata suna tasowa a cikin jiragen ruwa na retina idan hauhawar jini ba a kula da shi na dogon lokaci. Sakamakon ajiya na cholesterol a jikin bango, abin da ya faru na zubar jini a cikin mintina, zubar jini zuwa ƙwallon ido, lalacewa ne. Bayan asalin wannan yanayin, kashin baya na arterioles sun sami halayen da za'a iya canzawa, tsawanta. Wannan yana haifar da matsawa daga cikin kwari, haɓakar edema na jijiya na gani, wanda hakan na iya haifar da wahayi, bayyanar Scotoma (lahani a fagen hangen nesa), wani lokacin kuma yana haifar da makanta.

Tare da tsawon rayuwa kasancewar hauhawar jini, kodan suma suna wahala. Wannan yanayin ana kiransa nephro-angiosclerosis. A cikin kodan, ƙwayoyin haɗi suna haɓaka, kuma abu mai na kanta an haɗo shi, tsarin sa yana canzawa, koda yana nakasa (wrinkled).

Wannan yana haifar da irin waɗannan alamun rashin aiki na yara, kamar ƙara yawan urination na dare, bayyanar cikin fitsari kaɗan na furotin, ƙwayoyin ja, da kuma rage yawan fitsari.

Idan cutar ta haɓaka, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta raguwa, an lalata aikin metabolism, wanda ke tattare da haɓaka taro na jini na urea da creatinine.

Mataki na gaba na cutar yayin rashin kyakkyawan magani na iya zama haɓaka mummunan rikicewar da ke barazanar rayuwar mutum - gazawar renal. A lokaci guda, yawan adadin ƙwayoyin aikin koda na koda, yana raguwa sosai. Ragowar nephrons ba zasu iya jure nauyin ba, aikin su ma yana da rauni. Rashin gazawar na haifar da mutuwar mutum ɗaya cikin goma a cikin masu fama da cutar hawan jini.

Ofaya daga cikin rikicewar hauhawar jini shine rikicin hauhawar jini. Ana ganin ci gabanta sau da yawa a kan asalin damuwa mai juyayi, canje-canjen yanayi, kazalika da keta alfarma na endocrine.

Darajar hawan jini a wannan yanayin na iya zama daban, dangane da halayen mutum (wani lokacin 180/120 mm Hg. Art., A wasu halayen, ana yin rikodin manyan lambobi - har zuwa 270/160 mm Hg. Art.).

Duk da bambance-bambancen lambobi, gama gari ga duk zaɓuɓɓukan rikicin sune gunaguni na ciwon kai, tsananin farin ciki, tashin zuciya, da amai. Wasu mutane na iya rasa hankali ko yin korafi game da raunin gani (hangen nesa biyu, yaduwar kwari a gaban idanun, har ma makanta na ɗan lokaci). Dayawa sun damu da jin sanyi, zazzabi, zufa, rawar jiki.

A tashin hankali, musamman idan matsanancin ya kai lambobi masu girman gaske, rashin karfin huda, kasala mai rauni a zuciya, bugun zuciya, huhun jini da zubarda ciki zai iya bunkasa. Irin wannan yanayin tashin hankali yana da wahala.

A wasu yanayi, mafi yawan lokuta a cikin tsofaffi mata da sha'awar kumburi, akwai taurin kai, nutsuwa, disorientation a cikin lokaci da sarari. Wannan shine ake kira "gishiri", ko kuma "edematous" na rikicin.

Tare da haɓakar edema, bayyanar seizures ("Zaɓin" Convulsive "). Taron jiki yana faruwa akan asalin asarar sani. A lokaci guda, zubar jini a cikin kwakwalwa yayi matukar girma.

Babban fasali na atherosclerosis

Akwai ɗumbin dalilai mabambantan bambancin dalilai waɗanda ke haifar da haɓakar ilimin halayyar cuta.

Babu wata yarjejeniya tsakanin masu bincike game da illar etiology.

Da yawa daga cikin abubuwan an daɗe da sanin su kuma an tabbatar da su, kuma wasu “masu zargin” ne kawai kuma binciken har yanzu yana ci gaba, amma yin taka tsantsan wajibi ne don duk dalilai.

Don haka, daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaba ana kiransu:

• Kashi. An tabbatar da cewa abubuwan gado suna iya ƙayyade fasalin fasalin bangon jijiyoyin bugun gini, waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga bayyanar filaye.
• Shan taba. Babu tabbas cewa bayyanar da ci gaban atherosclerosis ya fi rikicewa a cikin masu shan sigari.
• Rashin lafiyar metabolism - alaƙa da asalin yanayin hormonal (canje-canje masu dangantaka da shekaru a cikin yanayin hormonal, saboda wanda aka kunna cholesterol) ko tare da salon rayuwa mara kyau. Wannan dalilin shine mafi muni yayin haɗuwa da hauhawar jijiya da kiba.
• Lalacewa zuwa saman ciki na jijiyoyin ƙwayar cuta yayin kamuwa da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta (herpes) ko chlamydia - ka'idar har yanzu tana buƙatar hujja, amma akwai abubuwan lura.
• Rashin damuwa na Autoimmune - kuskure a cikin rigakafi na rigakafi, wanda kwayoyin jikinsu ke lura da shi azaman kasashen waje.
• Rashin tsarin antioxidant na jiki da canje-canje a cikin tsarin ingantaccen ƙwayar tsoka na tasoshin, abin da ake kira peroxide da ka'idar monoclonal.
• Haɓakar ƙwayar lipoprotein, wato, sanya adon lipids a bangon ƙwayoyin jijiyoyi saboda dalilai basu bayyana ba tukuna.

Akwai sauran ka'idoji, amma duk abin da dalili, salon, abinci, motsa jiki, da rashin halaye marasa kyau suna da mahimmanci.

An rarraba ilimin halittar halittar tsari zuwa matakai da yawa.

Matsayin “lipid tabarau” a matakin farko ana maye gurbinsa da “ruwa mai ruwa,” yayin da adibas ya kasance mai hadarin gaske saboda saurin rabuwa da sassan jikin mutum daga garesu, kuma tsari yana karewa da hada kudi da adon ajiya saboda tarin karafan da ke cikinsu.

Samuwar atheromatosis shine mataki na karshe na aiwatarwa wanda aka lalata filaye, lalacewa tare da kirkirar jini da jijiyoyi. Partangarorin ɓarawon da ke lalacewa na iya shimfiɗa ta tasoshin zuwa kusan kowane ɓangare na jiki da gabobin, suna haifar da rikitarwa mai wahala.

Hanyoyin shimfidar wurare na Atherosclerotic na iya shafar ba wai kawai saman ciki na arteries ba - an same su, alal misali, a kan bawuyoyin zuciyar ko jijiyoyin zuciya.

Bayyanar cututtuka da sakamakon atherosclerosis

Bayyanar cututtuka na atherosclerosis - wannan shine sakamakon sa, a zahiri, rikice rikice, saboda da farko shi ne "mai kisa da shiru" wanda ba ya haifar da wata gunaguni.

Abin takaici, yawanci kasancewar kasancewar atherosclerosis a cikin mutane ya zama sanannu ne kawai bayan posthumously.

Hakanan yana faruwa wanda tuni ƙarancin taƙaitaccen ƙwayar ƙwayar jijiya na iya haifar da ischemia, wato, rashin zagayawa cikin jini, da haifar da haƙuri da yawa.

Atherosclerosis yana da yawa-gefe - na gida da na kowa raunuka faruwa, da kuma bayyanar cututtuka na asibiti ne ya sa ta hanyar yanki da kuma digiri na yawan na pathological tsari.

Maganin da ya fi yawa shine ƙayyadadden tsari na atherosclerotic a cikin ɗaya ko biyu gabobin, waɗanda ke ƙayyade alamun cutar.

Waɗanne abubuwa ne ke fama da mafi yawan lokuta?

Me ke damun atherosclerosis? Bari muyi la'akari da kowane sashi don tsari.

Kwakwalwa. Lokacin da tasoshin kwakwalwa ko dabbobin carotid ke fama da matsanancin ƙwaƙwalwa na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, sassan jikinta, watau, emboli, ko kuma gushewar jirgin tare da jijiyoyin jini, bugun jini yana tasowa - cin zarafin wurare dabam dabam. Bayyanar sa na iya zama da bambanci sosai kuma ya dogara da wuri da girman ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar 'mutu'. Abin takaici, wannan shine ɗayan abubuwan da suka fi haifar da mutuwa da rashin ƙarfi mai rauni a cikin raunuka na atherosclerotic.

Zuciya Wannan kuma daya ne daga cikin yanayin rashin dacewar yanayinda ya shafi ci gaban cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin zuciya, angina pectoris, da kuma kasala mai narkewar cututtukan zuciya, watau, necrosis na wani bangare na zuciyar zuciya saboda katsewar jini.

Aorta. Jirgin ruwa mafi mahimmanci kuma mafi girma a jikin ɗan adam yana wahala wataƙila ma ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba, amma raunukansa a koyaushe suna da matsananciyar ƙarfi - ɓarkewar sabo, wato bakin ciki da sassauya bangon sa tare da ƙirƙirar nau'in “jakar”, wanda zai haifar da ruɓewa - a cikin irin waɗannan halaye, ikon dakatar da ɗimbin yawa ana auna jini da ajiyar haƙuri cikin mintina, ko ma sekoko.

Kodan. Rashin raunin jini a cikin kodan na iya zama na kullum, wanda hakan zai haifar da ci gaban hauhawar jijiya ko kuma rikicewar da ake ciki, sannan kuma yana iya haifar da “sannu” sannu a hankali tare da haɓakar ƙanjin koda da mummunan rikice-rikice, har ma da kisa.

Hanyoyin ciki. Haka ne, akwai kuma cututtukan hanji na ischemic tare da barazanar ci gaba, abin da ake kira mesenteric thrombosis - m na hanji da kuma cututtukan zuciya na peritonitis. Mai matukar wahala, mai wahalar gane cutar, sau da yawa m.

Abubuwan da ke cikin ƙananan ƙarshen. Kwayar cutar cututtukan jini - takaddama mai wuyar fassara, cututtukan trophic har ma da gangrene, watau, necrosis nama saboda ƙarancin wurare dabam dabam na jini.

Jirgin ruwa na kudade. Daga ƙaramin ƙananan basur don kammala asarar hangen nesa da makanta - wannan ita ce rawar gani na lalacewar wannan cuta.

Mafi sau da yawa, lalacewa na jijiyoyin bugun jini na atherosclerotic yana tasowa a wuraren da suke yin alamarsu, inda zubar jini ya kasance mara kyau a duk fannoni kuma an kirkiro yanayi mai kyau don ajiyar cholesterol a jikin bango - wannan na iya zama wurin rabuwa da carotid artery a cikin rassa na ciki da waje, sashin farko na renal ko reshe na jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini na hagu.

Bayyanar cututtuka da magani

Duk wani kwararren likita da zai fara sauraron kararraki da tattara tarihin likita - wato zai yi tambaya dalla-dalla game da mai jinsa game da yadda yake ji, da yawan saiti da kuma rububin ci gaban bayyanar cututtuka, cututtukan da ke tattare da cuta da kuma abubuwan gado.

Bayan an bincika likita, likita zai kula da alamun faduwar jini a cikin gabobin, kasancewar halayyar “atherosclerotic ring” a jikin iris din ido tare da kimanta “ingancin” bugun bugun zuciya da ke jikin tsokar jijiya.

Bayan wannan matakin, zaku iya tantance yuwuwar kuma matakin aikin atherosclerotic.

Amma game da ƙarin gwaje-gwaje - wannan gwajin jini ne ga sigogin ƙirar halitta da bayanan lipid, da kuma ƙididdigar duban dan tayi, duplex, triplex da kuma x-ray na hanyoyin jini tare da gabatar da wakili na musamman na kwalliya - duk wannan yana ba mu damar tantance zurfin jijiyoyin wuya da kuma yiwuwar mummunan sakamako.

An tabbatar da gano cutar. Abinda yakamata ayi Babban ceto shine gyaran rayuwa, kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, shi ne cewa yawancin ɓangaren yana ƙaddara nasarar magani.

Hakanan akwai wasu kungiyoyin magunguna da yawa waɗanda aka tsara don gyara matsalar:

1. Magungunan da aka fi amfani dasu shine rukuni na mutum-mutumi (Atoris, Torvakard, Vasilip da sauransu), magungunan da aka tsara don runtse babban cholesterol, kwantar da hankula mai narkewa da kuma hana sanya ajiya a bangon jijiyoyin jini.
2. Rukuni na biyu - wakilan antiplatelet (sanannen sanannun kuma na kowa - acetylsalicylic acid, Aspirin), wanda ke hana ƙwanƙwasa jini da haɓaka "haɓakawa" na jini.
3. A matsayi na uku sune beta-blockers (Atenolol, Corvitol), waɗanda suke "saukar da" tsoka na zuciya, suna rage lokutan ƙanƙancewa, rage buƙatar abinci mai gina jiki, rage karfin jini da kuma yiwuwar bugun zuciya.
4. ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-mai canza enzyme) - Prestarium, Enalapril - suna rage hauhawar jini, kuma suna rage jinkirin ci gaban atherosclerosis.
5. Diuretics - shima yana rage hawan jini, yana rage yawan jini yana yaduwa ta hanyar jijiyoyin jini, kuma bangare ne na magunguna hade da yawa.
6. Sauran - alal misali, don lura da angina pectoris ko ciwon sukari mellitus, wanda shima ya shafi tasirin atherosclerosis.

Idan magani bai isa ba, yi amfani da hanyoyi irin su angioplasty, tiyata ta buta, endarterectomy - wato, fadada ƙarancin ƙwayar jijiya, maye gurbin ɓangaren da ya lalace ko kuma bari jini ya kwarara "kewaye".

Idan akwai wani mummunan sakamako - bugun zuciya ko bugun jini - akwai yuwuwar maganin thrombolytic, watau rushewar thrombus a cikin lokacin tsananin, abin takaici, ba a iya samun sakamako koyaushe, a madadin haka, irin wadannan kwayoyi na iya haifar da zub da jini.

Kwararre a cikin bidiyo a wannan labarin zai yi magana game da atherosclerosis.

1. Menene isherosclerosis da abubuwanda ke haifar dashi

​Atherosclerosis - tarewa da toshewar hanji - Ba wani daidaituwa ba ne cewa an dauke shi yanayin mai matukar hatsari. Wannan cigaban aikin a hankali yana toshe hanyoyin kuma yana haifar da cikas ga guduwar jini. Vascular atherosclerosis - Wannan shine sanadiyyar sanadiyyar cututtukan zuciya, shanyewar jiki da cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, duk wannan a hadaddun ana kiransa cututtukan zuciya. Kuma cututtukan zuciya, bi da bi, sun mamaye wuri na farko a duniya sakamakon mace-mace.

Sanadin Atherosclerosis

Arteries - Waɗannan su ne tasoshin jini wanda jini ke motsawa daga zuciya cikin jiki. An rufe arteries tare da bakin ciki na sel wanda ake kira endothelium. Matsayin aikin endothelium shine tabbatar da nagartawar bangon ciki na jijiyoyin jini, ta hanyar barin jini ya gudana ta cikin su.

Vascular atherosclerosis yana farawa lokacin da endothelium ya lalace saboda hauhawar jini, shan taba, ko cholesterol. A wannan gaba, wuraren wasan cholesterol suna farawa. Abinda ake kira mummunar cholesterol ya ratsa ta hanyar lalacewar endothelium kuma yana shiga ganuwar shaharar.

Menene filaye? Plasta cholesterol abubuwa ne na tarin lipids da cholesterol, sel daban-daban da kuma microparticles. Suna tarawa a bangon bankunan, suna girma kuma suna “cones” a bangon artery. Yayinda hanyoyin ci gaba na atherosclerosis ke ci gaba, sannu a hankali sanannu ya zama yaduwa kuma ya zama yana hana jini yaduwa.

Atherosclerosis yawanci yakan faru ne a cikin jiki. Haka kuma, cutar ba ta haifar da wata alama har sai da ta kai zuwa tsakiyar da tsufa. A wannan lokacin, vasoconstriction ya zama mummunan abu, filaye na iya toshe hanyoyin hawan jini da haifar da ciwo. Abun rufewa a cikin jirgin zai iya sanya shi ya fashe ba zato ba tsammani, wanda ke haifar da ɗaukar jini a cikin jijiya a wurin da ya fashe.

2. Sakamakon cutar

Magungunan atherosclerosis na iya nuna halayen daban:

• Suna iya tsaya a bangon artery. A wurin, ƙwaƙwalwar tayi tsiro zuwa wani girman kuma yawanci ƙarfinta ya tsaya. Tunda plaque baya hana zubar jini, hakan bashi da hatsari kuma bazai haifarda wata matsala ko alamu mara dadi ba.
• Plaque iya girma a hankali cikin jini. A ƙarshe, wannan yana haifar da mummunan tasirin tasoshin jini. Jin zafi yayin motsa jiki a cikin kirji ko kafafu alama ce ta gama gari a wannan yanayin.
• A cikin mafi munin yanayin yanayin, filaye na iya fashewaSakamakon haka, jini yana yin coagulates a cikin jijiya da kuma suturar jini. A cikin kwakwalwa, zai iya haifar da bugun jini, da cikin zuciya - bugun zuciya.

Maganin cutar atherosclerotic yana haifar da manyan nau'ikan cututtukan zuciya guda uku:

• Cutar zuciya. Samuwar filaye a cikin jijiya shine ya zama sanadin angina pectoris (ciwon kirji) yayin aikin jiki. Rabuwar kwatsam wani plaque da jini coagulation na iya haifar bugun zuciya ko infarction na zuciya.
• Cerebrovascular cuta. Cerebral arteriosclerosis - yanayin haɗari. Arfin masarufi a cikin tsokoki na kwakwalwa yana haifar da bugun jini, wanda zai haifar da lalacewar kwakwalwa. Har ila yau, toshewar wucin gadi na iya haifar da iskemic na tashin hankali, alamun wadanda suke kama da bugun jini, amma babu haɗarin lalacewar kwakwalwa.
• Cutar cututtukan mahaifa. Cutar mahaifa ta haifar da karancin jini a cikin gabar jiki, musamman a kafafu. Wannan na iya haifar da raɗaɗin tafiya da rauni na rauni. Musamman nau'in cutar ta alama alama ce don yanke hannu.

3. Yin rigakafin atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis cuta ce ta ci gaba, amma ana iya hana ci gabanta. An gano cewa a cikin 90% na lamuran duk cututtukan zuciya suna da laifi Abubuwa 9 masu haɗari:

• Shan taba
• Babban cholesterol
• Hawan jini
• Ciwon sukari
• Kiba, musamman ma a cikin ciki,
• Damuwa
• Cin 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari masu yawa,
• Almubazzaranci
• Rashin aikin jiki.

Ta hanyar sarrafa abubuwan haɗari, zaku iya rage yiwuwar ci gaba da cututtukan zuciya.

Ga mutanen da ke da haɗari na matsakaici ko babban haɗari - waɗanda suka riga sun sami bugun zuciya ko bugun jini, ko waɗanda suka kamu da cutar ta angina pectoris, likita na iya ba da shawarar ci gaba da amfani magungunada ke hana samuwar jini.

Wanene ke samar da ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin jiki?

Wataƙila yana da sauƙi a amsa tambayar wanene ba shi da atherosclerosis. A zahiri, atherosclerosis na tasoshin jini yana farawa tun yana ƙarami. A wannan batun, nazarin zuciyar mutane 262 masu lafiya, waɗanda aka gudanar a 2001, alamu ne. Sakamakonsa ya kasance kamar haka:

• A cikin 52%, an samo atherosclerosis zuwa wani matakin,
• Atherosclerosis ya kasance a cikin kashi 85% na mahalarta karatun sama da 50,
• An gano cutar atherosclerosis a cikin 17% na matasa.

A lokaci guda, babu ɗayan mahalarta taron da ke da alamun kowace cuta kuma mutane kaɗan ne ke da babban taɗar ɓatar da jijiya. Ya yiwu a gano bugun jini na atherosclerosis a farkon matakin kawai godiya ga gwaje-gwaje na musamman.

Gabaɗaya, idan kun shekara 40 kuma a gaba ɗaya kuna iya kiran kanku lafiyayyen mutum, dama ku na yin atherosclerosis kusan kashi 50%. Tare da shekaru, haɗarin yana ƙaruwa. Yawancin mutane sama da 60 suna da matakai daban-daban na atherosclerosis, amma cutar ba ta da alamu bayyananne.

4. Kula da cutar

Siffar atherosclerosis shine cewa, tun samu, toshewar hanyoyin jini baya wucewa. Magunguna da canje-canje na rayuwa, koyaya, na iya tsayawa ko rage gudu gaba plaque girma. Kuma tsananin jiyya na iya rage girmanta.

Kulawa da atherosclerosis yana kunshe da abubuwa da yawa:

• Canjin rayuwa. Healthyoshin abinci mai kyau, motsa jiki na yau da kullun, da shan sigari na iya ragewa ko dakatar da tsarin arteriosclerosis. Wannan ba zai haifar da ɓarnatar da ɓarna ba. Amma kamar yadda bincike ya tabbatar, hakan zai rage haɗarin bugun zuciya da bugun jini.
• Shan magani. Yin amfani da magunguna na yau da kullun waɗanda ke taimakawa sarrafa cholesterol da hawan jini yana taimakawa rage gudu har ma da dakatar da ci gaban atherosclerosis, haka kuma rage haɗarin cututtukan zuciya.
• Angiography da stenting. Cutar catiaci tare da angiography of the coronary arteries wani aikin tiyata ne wanda ake amfani dashi don rage alamun cutar. Ta amfani da bututu na bakin ciki da aka saka a cikin jijiya akan hannu ko ƙafa, likita na iya zuwa jijiyoyin wuya. Za'a iya ganin bugun bugun jini a allon musamman don gwajin x-ray. Angioplasty da stenting sau da yawa suna taimakawa buɗe yankin da aka katange da inganta hawan jini.
• Kewaya tiyata - wani aikin tiyata wanda ingantattun jiragen ruwa, waɗanda aka ɗauke su daga hannu ko ƙafa na haƙuri, ana saka su a cikin yankin da cutar atherosclerosis ke haifar da ƙirƙirar sabuwar hanya don motsi na jini.

A kowane hali, takamaiman tsarin kulawa don cutar atherosclerosis na jiki ya dogara da tsananin cutar da lafiyar gaba ɗaya, kuma likitan ya zaɓa bayan kyakkyawan bincike.

Sanadin Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis na iya haifar da abubuwa da yawa. Masana ƙwararru suna gano abubuwa masu zuwa na atherosclerosis:

• kwayoyin halittar jini (rauni na bango na jijiyoyin bugun gini)
• factor autoimmune factor (lokacin da jiki ya lura da ganuwar arteries a matsayin wani abu baƙo kuma ya fara haɓaka ƙwayoyin cuta don yaƙi)
• Ka'idar aikin lipoprotein infiltration - (jigon halittar lipoproteins a bangon jijiyoyin jiki)
• ka'idar cutarwa endothelial - (take hakkin farko na ayyukan kariya daga cikin mahaifa na ciki na bango na jijiya),,
• monoclonal - (da farko canji a cikin tsarin ƙwayar tsoka na bangon jirgin ruwa da kuma abin da ya faru na sanadin ƙwayar ƙwayar tsoka mai santsi),
• hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri - (da farko lalacewar endothelium na jijiyoyin bugun gini da ƙwayar cuta ta hanji, cytomegalovirus, da dai sauransu),
• peroxide - (da farko keta hakkin aikin antioxidant ne na jikin mutum, sakamakon lalacewar farfajiyar ciki na jirgin ruwa),
• Chlamydia - (lalacewar farko ga bango na jijiyoyin bugun zuciya ta Chlamydia, akasarin Chlamydia pneumoniae)
• hormonal - (karuwa a cikin matakan gonadotropic da adrenocorticotropic hormones da ke da alaƙa da shekaru, wanda ke haifar da karuwar kayan gini don cholesterol).

Abubuwan haɗari a cikin haɓakar atherosclerosis

Factorsaya daga cikin abubuwan haɗari masu haɗari don bunkasa atherosclerosis shine shan sigari, amma akwai wasu dalilai waɗanda ke ba da gudummawa ga wannan cuta. Waɗannan sun haɗa da: ƙarancin ƙwayar plasma, hauhawar jini (ƙididdigar ƙwayar jini mai tsayayye ya wuce 140/90 RT. Art.), Cututtukan tsarin endocrine, kiba. Idan mutum ya jagoranci rayuwa mai tazara, to wannan ma yana iya taimakawa ci gaban atherosclerosis. Hakanan yakamata kuyi la’akari da yanayin gado, rashin abinci ko ƙarancin abinci, menopause a cikin mata, yawan damuwa da yawan damuwa mai wahala. Irin wannan cuta mai rauni kamar tsokani da ke haifar da ci gaban atherosclerosis alakar, wanda ya danganta da take hakkin metabolism a jiki.

Yaya ake nuna atherosclerosis?

Hakanan yana faruwa cewa kasancewar atherosclerosis ana gano shi ta hanyar masana ilimin halittu yayin autopsy, yayin yayin rayuwa, mutumin bashi da gunaguni. Kuma yana faruwa ne ta wata hanyar, lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka na cututtukan ƙwayar jijiyoyin jiki ya fara bayyana har ma da taƙaitaccen maƙala na ƙwayar jijiya. Damagearancin lalacewar ɓangarori na arteries, wanda ake kira wuraren waha na jijiya, yana halayyar atherosclerosis. Koyaya, akwai kuma irin waɗannan hanyoyin waɗanda dukkanin tasoshin ke shafar su. Likitocin sun kira irin wannan atherosclerosis da ke tafe.

Bayyanannin asibiti na atherosclerosis kai tsaye sun dogara da jirgin ruwa wanda ya shafi. Idan aka shafi tasoshin jijiyoyin zuciya, to sannu a hankali mutumin zai nuna alamun gazawar zuciya ko ciwon zuciya. Idan abubuwan jijiyoyin kwakwalwa suna tasiri, to wannan na iya haifar da bugun jini ko ischemia na hanji.

Lokacin da aka shafa tasoshin ruwan na ƙarshen zuwa, mai haƙuri zai koka game da takaddama mai ma'ana ko kasancewar busasshen busherene. Tare da atherosclerosis na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, yunwar oxygen ko ƙin jijiyoyin ciki na iya haɓaka. A magani, ana gano wannan cutar ta mesenteric thrombosis.

Lalacewa a cikin arteries na kodan kuma yana faruwa tare da ƙirƙirar koda na Goldblatt. Ko da a cikin sassan bangarori na wuraren waha na jijiya, lamuran raunuka suna da haɓaka tare da sa hannun irin waɗannan rukunin yanar gizon kan aiwatar da amincin maƙwabta. Don haka, a cikin tasoshin zuciya, toshewar bututu mafi yawanci yakan faru ne a sashen da ke kusa da reshe na kashin baya na jijiyoyin zuciya. Wani mahimmin fassarar cutar atherosclerosis shine ɓangaren farkon ɓangaren ƙwayar cutar koda da kuma ƙirar carotid artery a cikin rassa na ciki da na waje.

Yana faruwa cewa wasu jijiyoyi suna shafan wuya. Ofaya daga cikin waɗannan jijiyoyin jini shine jijiya na ciki. Yana da kusan ba shi cutar da atherosclerosis, duk da gaskiyar cewa tana kusa da gawanin jijiya. Sau da yawa, wuraren wasan kwaikwayo na jijiyoyi suna fitowa inda rassan jijiyoyin jini suka shiga rassa da yawa. Jigilar jini a cikin wannan yanki mara daidaituwa, wanda yanayi ne mai kyau don haɓakar atherosclerosis.

Yaya za a bincika atherosclerosis?

Bayyanar cututtuka na atherosclerosis ya hada da hanyoyi da yawa. Wadannan sun hada da:

• tambayar mai haƙuri da tarihi shan. Shin mai haƙuri yana da alamun gazawar zuciya ko cutar cututtukan zuciya. Shin yana da ma'anar magana ta wucin gadi, alamomin bugun jini ko "toad" (alamun faduwar jini).
• yayin babban bincike, likita dole ne ya bincika iris na ido don bayyanar da zobe atherosclerotic a kusa da shi, abin da ake kira arcussenilis. Wajibi ne a harba manyan jijiya, irin su aorta, carotid arteries, artused arteries, popliteal arteries, arteries na gefen baya da na baya nabial artery, radial da ulnar arteries. Tare da lalatar da aka ambata na atherosclerosis, ana gano takaddama mai kyau na ganuwar manyan jiragen ruwa.
• Wajibi ne a gudanar da gwajin jini gaba daya tare da tantance jimlar kwayar cutar kwayar cutar plasma
• Hanyar da ta dogara sosai don bincika tasoshin jini don kasancewar atherosclerosis shine hanyar x-ray tare da gabatar da wani matsakaici.
• duban dan tayi na ciki, kashin baya da kuma tsarin zuciya.
• Dopplerography na tasoshin sassan, kuma yafi dacewa, duplex ultrasonic da kuma sau uku na binciken ƙwayoyin jijiyoyin wuya, ƙananan jijiyoyin hannu, cincin mahaifa, da kuma trans cranial doppler - nazarin bincike da tsokoki na kwakwalwa.

Menene haɗarin atherosclerosis na hanyoyin jini?

Mene ne ƙwayar jijiyoyin bugun jini, mun riga mun gano a cikin labarin "Vascular atherosclerosis". Yanzu mun san cewa wannan cutar sakamakon tasirin metabolism ne ga jiki. Kuma wannan cin zarafin yana haifar da ƙirƙirar filayen kiwo da ake kira atherosclerotic. Amma wannan, ina tsammanin, bai isa ba. Bayan duk wannan, yana da mahimmanci ba wai menene kuma me yasa aka kirkiri shi a cikin tasoshinmu ba, har ma da abin da ke haifar da haɗari ga lafiyarmu da, ko ba haka ba? Don haka a yau zamuyi magana game da wannan.

Bayyanar cututtuka na jijiyoyin bugun jini da kuma tasirinsa ga lafiyar ɗan adam sun bambanta sosai. Me yasa? Domin tare da atherosclerosis, tasoshin gabobin jiki daban-daban na iya shafawa. Misali, zuciya, kwakwalwa, hanji, zuwa kasan gaba. Tabbas, atherosclerosis tsari ne wanda yake shafar jiki baki ɗaya. Amma, duk da haka, a cikin kowane yanayi, a matsayin mai mulkin, akwai mahimmancin rauni na gabobi ɗaya ko biyu. Kuma wannan ƙaddara shine ƙaddara sakamakon wannan cutar ga jiki.

A sauƙaƙe, a cikin mutum ɗaya, tasoshin kwakwalwa suna da ƙari kuma wannan yana haifar da ƙetarewar lalacewar jijiyoyin ciki ko kuma ƙeta doka, zuwa abin da ake kira bugun jini.A cikin wani mutum, tasoshin zuciya sune abin ya shafa musamman - kuma wannan yana haifar da faruwar cutar angina pectoris har ma da infarction na zuciya. Saboda haka, bayyanuwar cutar atherosclerosis suna da bambanci sosai, amma menene mahimmanci, koyaushe suna da haɗari ga lafiyar ɗan adam.

Wadanne cututtukan cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki za su iya haifar?

1. Tare da lalacewar tasoshin kwakwalwa:

• bugun jini (necrosis, necrosis na wani ɓangare na ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa)
• basur
• hatsari na kullum

2. Idan lalacewar carotid arteries:

• carotid stenosis yana haifar da hauhawar jini da haɓakar hadarin bugun jini

3. Tare da lalacewar tasoshin zuciya:

• cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin jini (angina pectoris ko angina pectoris)
• myocardial infarction (necrosis, necrosis na wani ɓangare na zuciya tsoka)
• kwatsam mutuwa
• zuciya tashin hankali

4. Tare da lalacewar aorta - babbar hanyar fatar jiki:

• hauhawar jini
• aortic aneurysm (fadada aortic na ci gaban ciwan bakin ciki), wanda hakan na iya haifar da daidaituwa da bangon aortic da rushewarsa da zub da jini

5. Tare da lalacewar ginin artal:

• rauni na koda (necrosis na wani ɓangare na ƙwayar koda), wanda ke haifar da hauhawar jini

6. Tare da lalacewar tasoshin hanji:

• na hanji da jijiyoyin wuya tare da yiwuwar kamuwa da hanji a cikin hanji

7. Tare da lalacewar taurarin ƙananan hanyoyin:

• zubarda atherosclerosis daga cikin ƙananan ƙarshen yana kaiwa zuwa bayyanar cututtukan trophic da gangrene (necrosis) na ƙananan ƙarshen.

8. Tare da lalacewar tasoshin asusun:

• basur tare da raunin gani har zuwa cikakkiyar hasara

Anan ga jerin manya manyan bambance-bambancen da mummunan sakamako wadanda zasu iya haifar da jijiyoyin bugun gini na ciki. Shin yana da mahimmanci a sake ambaton yadda cutar ta ke da haɗari?

Amma bari mu tattauna wani abu daya. Me yasa waɗannan cututtukan duka suke tashi? Menene daidai ke haifar da rikicewar jijiyoyin jiki?

Takamaiman dalilin rikicewar jijiyoyin jini a gabobin shine plache atherosclerotic. Yin tashin hankali a cikin bangon jirgin ruwa, sannu-sannu yana ƙaruwa kuma yana ƙaruwa zuwa cikin lumbu na jirgin ruwa. Don haka, shi (atherosclerotic plaque) ya narke ƙwayar lumen kuma yana rage adadin jinin da yake gudana ta jirgin ruwa. A zahiri, wannan yana haifar da rashin abinci mai kyau na jiki.

Amma wannan shine farkon aiwatarwa. Ba jima ko ba jima, lalacewar ta fara daga cikin matattakala, wanda ke haifar da samuwar tarawar mushy. Yawan wannan taro a hankali yana ƙaruwa kuma yana iya haifar da fashewar ɓolo. A wannan halin, ƙwaƙƙwaran mushy suna shiga jini kuma abin da yake dashi yanzu suna ɗaukar shi. Wadannan talakawa marasa galihu ne zasu iya rufe jirgin ruwa. Wannan yana da sauƙi musamman idan jirgin ruwan ya riga ya ɓace saboda wasu ɓarna da yawa na atherosclerotic.

Amma wannan ba duka bane. A maimakon abin fashewa, akwai lahani a bangon jirgin ruwa. Kuma wannan yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa platelet ɗinmu suna gudu don ceto da kuma rufe rata da ta haifar. Kuma a wurin lahani keɓaɓɓen bango, ana yin suturar jini. Hawan jini, wanda kuma ya lalata jigilar jirgin ruwa wanda kuma zai iya fitowa daga baya kuma ya fara tafiya ta jikin mu tare da kwararar jini. Kuma sau ɗaya a cikin jirgin ruwa mai kunkuntar, kulle shi.

Anan ina so in sake tabbatar muku da kadan. Abin farin ciki, ba kowane tarkace mai tsage bane ke haifar da wannan mummunan sakamako. Haka kuma, mafi yawan lokutan ba su kula da shi kuma ba tare da cutarwa ga jiki sosai. Amma har yanzu kusan sau da yawa akwai sakamako kuma, kamar yadda muka fada a baya, waɗanda ke da matukar muhimmanci.

Menene haɗarin haɗarin jirgin ruwa? Kowane jirgin ruwa yana ɗaukar jini zuwa wani yanki na ƙwayar jikin mutum. Yana wadatar da shi da iskar oxygen da sauran abubuwa masu mahimmanci don rayuwa. Kuma ba zato ba tsammani wannan jirgin ruwa yana rufe. Jinin baya iya wucewa ta ciki. Sabili da haka, an bar wani yanki na nama ba tare da isashshen oxygen ba. Wannan yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa bayan wasu (maimakon ɗan gajeren lokaci) wannan ƙwayar ta mutu. Wannan ana kiransa da bugun zuciya ko necrosis ko necrosis na nama. Wani irin masana'anta? Ya dogara da wane jirgin ruwa da aka katange: jirgin ruwan da ke ciyar da kwakwalwa, ƙwayar zuciya ko hanji.

Me za ku yi, kuna tambaya? Komai yana da sauki kuma a lokaci guda akwai rikitarwa. Kawai saboda kusan kowa yana da tsayi kuma sananne game da abincin da ya dace, buƙatar motsi da yawa, haɗa aikin daidai da hutawa, samun isasshen bacci. Sauƙaƙe, daidai? Amma duk da haka, yaya wahala! Har yanzu akwai wasu ƙwayoyi da yawa waɗanda ke taimakawa a cikin yaƙi da atherosclerosis, amma sun yi imani da ni, ba su ƙimar komai ba tare da abinci iri ɗaya, iska mai tsabta, da kuma rayuwa mai kyau.

Sake buga rubutun an yarda da shi tare da wajibcin yin magana ga marubuta da shafin!

Atherosclerosis - Sanadin da sakamako

Atherosclerosis wani cuta ne na jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki wanda ke faruwa ne sakamakon ajiyar cholesterol a jikin bangon jijiya saboda ƙoshin mai da yawan kitsen jini (lipids) a cikin jini na jini. Fassara daga helenanci, “atheros” (ɗan wasan motsa jiki) na nufin “mai taushi”, da “sclerosis” (sklērōsis) - “mai kauri, mai yawa”.

A cikin atherosclerosis na yau da kullun, adibas akan bango na jijiya yana faruwa ta hanyar filaye waɗanda ba su da daidaituwa, sabanin sauran cututtukan jijiya. Misali, a yanayin Menkeberg arteriosclerosis, adon salis na jikin bangon jirgi ya kasance daidai, kuma akwai ma yanayin kirkirar sabbin jiragen ruwa, kuma ba shinge ba.

A yau, atherosclerosis ana ɗauka cewa shine mafi yawan cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, yayin da yake zama tushen abubuwan da yawa ga sauran cututtukan cututtukan zuciya. Wadannan cututtukan sun hada da cututtukan zuciya. shanyewar jiki. bugun zuciya, karancin tasoshin gabobi da gabobin ciki, gajiyawar zuciya.

Ta yaya tasoshin ke canzawa da atherosclerosis?

Stage lipid tabon. Canje-canje na bango na jijiyoyin jiki a cikin atherosclerosis suna faruwa a cikin matakai da yawa. Don sanya filayen cholesterol a jikin bangon arteries, ana buƙatar yanayi na musamman. Irin waɗannan halayen sun haɗa da microcracks na ganuwar tasoshin jini, sakamakon wanda jini ya kwarara a wannan wuri yana raguwa. Mafi sau da yawa, irin wannan cin zarafin yana faruwa a wurin sa alama na artery. Zai zama sako-sako, kuma membrane na jirgin ruwa shine edematous. Tsawon lokacin aikin wannan matakin yana da lokuta daban-daban. Yawancin lokaci enzymes. Wanne suna cikin bango na jijiyoyin bugun gini, narke kitsen da kuma kiyaye amincin jijiyoyin jiki. Ana iya ganin tabo na lipid tare da microscope. An same su har ma a cikin yara masu shekara ɗaya. Lokacin da kariya ta cikin gida ta ragu, mahaɗan hadaddun abubuwan da suka ƙunshi sunadarai, mai da cholesterol ya bayyana a wuraren da atherosclerosis ya shafa. Sakamakon haka, jerin hulɗa na fats tare da sel na choroid da ƙwayoyin jini na faruwa, sakamakon wanda kitse a cikin jirgin ruwa bango.

Mataki na biyu shine halin da cewa a wuraren da ake kitse akan bangon jirgin, tsoka mai haɗuwa ya fara girma, yana haifar da abin da ake kira sclerosis na jirgin ruwa. A tsawon lokaci, ƙwayar cuta ta atherosclerotic, wacce ta ƙunshi kitse da nama mai haɗuwa. Yayinda har yanzu ruwa yake, ana iya narkar da shi. Likitocin sun yi imanin cewa matattarar ruwa ce da ke da haɗari, tun da ta kece, ƙwayoyinta za su iya zuwa ta yadu tare da kwararar jini, rufe jikin jini da kuma yin ƙarar jini. Bango na jijiyoyin bugun gini, saboda kasancewar filayen atherosclerotic, yana zama ƙasa da na bakin ciki, microcracks sun bayyana akan sa, kuma wannan na iya haifar da basur.

Mataki na uku na atherosclerosis ana saninsa da matsanancin farin ciki da ɓoyewar ƙwaƙwalwar atherosclerotic. saboda haɓakar abun da ke cikin ƙwayoyin salts a ciki. Irin wannan tatsuniyar ya gama kirkirar sa, ya wuce zuwa cikin yanayin barga, kuma zai iya yin girma a hankali, sannu-sannu yana kara hawan jini a cikin jijiya da ya shafa.

Atheromatosis - Wannan shine matakin ƙarshe. Ta wannan tsarin ana nufin lalacewar ko lalacewar ɓoyayyen ɓarna na ƙwaƙwalwar mahaifa. Wannan yanayin yanayin pathology ne wanda ke haifar da canji a cikin ƙwayar plaque, wanda ke ba da gudummawa ga lalatawarta a cikin babban taro na mushy. Wannan taro yana dauke da mai kuma ya ƙunshi lu'ulu'u ne na ƙwayoyin cholesterol da lemun tsami.

Mafi yawancin lokuta, ana samun tushen lalacewar plaque a cikin membrane na ciki na bangon jijiya tare da atherosclerosis na ci gaba. Ateromatous foci tare da lalacewa a cikin lumen arteries, forming ulcers. Wadannan raunuka galibi ana rufe su da cututtukan jini na parietal.

Foci na lalata plaque an kafa shi ne saboda ajiyar adadi mai yawa na mai mai yawa da cholesterol a cikin tsaka-tsakin kasusuwa. Ana lura da wannan yanayin tare da ambatar atherosclerosis.

Ana saka lemun tsami a cikin waɗannan foci a karo na biyu, mafi yawan lokuta saboda lalatawar esters cholesterol, tare da samuwar kitse mai narkewa, wanda ke haɗuwa da gishiri mai narkewar ƙwayar plasma.

Atherosclerosis ana lura dashi ba kawai a jikin bangon jijiya ba. Ana iya samunsa a waɗancan sassan jikin mutum inda ake tara tarin ƙwayar roba mai yawa - alal misali, zai iya zama bawuran zuciya ko kuma jijiya.

Sauye sauye-sauye masu motsi ana samun mafi yawan lokuta yayin rushewar filayen atherosclerotic, alal misali, a cikin nau'in tarin ƙwayoyin sel wanda ya sha lipoids kuma ya juya zuwa abin da ake kira sel xanthoma.

Abubuwanda ke haifar da halakar filayen atherosclerotic sune take hakkin metabolism na kitse da tasirin injiniyoyi a jikin farar.

Atherosclerosis Sanadin, sakamakon, rigakafi da magani.

Kuna iya sanin kanku da ƙwarewar Cardiology da likitocinmu ta danna kan hanyar haɗin.

​Atherosclerosis - tarewa da toshewar hanji - Ba wani daidaituwa ba ne cewa an dauke shi yanayin mai matukar hatsari. Wannan cigaban aikin a hankali yana toshe hanyoyin kuma yana haifar da cikas ga guduwar jini. Vascular atherosclerosis - Wannan shine sanadiyyar sanadiyyar cututtukan zuciya, shanyewar jiki da cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, duk wannan a hadaddun ana kiransa cututtukan zuciya. Kuma cututtukan zuciya, bi da bi, sun mamaye wuri na farko a duniya sakamakon mace-mace.