Miyagun ƙwayoyi Zanocin: umarnin don amfani

Ana samun Zanocin a nau'ikan sashi na gaba:

• Magani don jiko (100 ml a cikin kwalabe, kwalban 1 a cikin kwali na kwali),
• Allunan, mai rufi ko fim mai rufi (inji mai kwakwalwa 10. A cikin blister, 1 blister a cikin kwali na kwali).

Abun da ke ciki na kwamfutar hannu 1 da 100 ml na jiko bayani ya haɗa da abu mai aiki: ofloxacin - 200 MG.

Pharmacodynamics

Ofloxacin, kwayar da ke aiki da miyagun ƙwayoyi, wakili ne mai saurin yaduwar ƙwayar cuta wanda shine ɓangare na ƙungiyar fluoroquinolone. Yana aiki akan ƙwayar enzyme na kwayar halitta na DNA, wanda ke da alhakin supercoiling, kuma, saboda haka, yana canza yanayin kwanciyar hankali na DNA na ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta (lalata garkuwar DNA yana haifar da mutuwarsu). Hakanan kayan yana da tasirin kwayan cuta.

Ofloxacin yana da matukar tsayayya da wadannan kwayoyin:

• Anaerobes: Clostridium turare,
• Gram-negative aerobes: Serratia marcescens, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (da sauri ya zama mai juriya), Bordetella pertussis, Providencia stuartii, Providencia rettgeri, Citrobacter koseri, Citrobacter freundii, Proteus vulgareroeroberbibiero Klebsiella cutar huhu, Klebsiella oxytoca, Haemophilus mura, Haemophilus ducreyi, Morganella morganii, Moraxella catarrhalis,
• gram-tabbatacce aerobes: Streptococcus pyogenes, ptoniaonia Streptococcus (damuwa penicillin), staphylococcus saprophyticus, staphylococcus epidermidis (damuwa methicillin-m damuwa), Staphylococcus aureus (minsicillin-kula damuwa),
• wasu: Ureaplasma urealyticum, Chlamydia pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma ciwon huhu, Mycoplasma hominis, Legionella pneumophila, Gardnerella vaginalis.

A mafi yawan lokuta, ana nuna juriya na toloxacin ta Treponema pallidum, Nocardia asteroides, yawancin nau'ikan Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., Kwayoyin Anaerobic (gami da Clostridium difficile, Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium spp., Peptococcus spppppp. .

Pharmacokinetics

Bayan gudanar da baki, ofloxacin yana tunawa da sauri kuma kusan gaba ɗaya (kusan kashi 95%). Bioavailability ya fi kashi 96%, kuma matakin ɗaure wa garkuwar plasma shine 25%. Lokacin gudanar da aikin, ana samun mafi girman maida hankali ne akan abubuwan 1-2 bayan sa'o'i kuma bayan gudanarwa a cikin allurai na 200 mg, 400 mg da 600 MG daidai yake da 2.5 μg / ml, 5 μg / ml da 6.9 μg / ml, bi da bi.

Cin abinci na iya rage yawan sashi na kayan Zanocin, amma ba ya tasiri da ingancinsa.

Bayan jiko na ciki guda na 200 mg ofloxacin, wanda ya dauki tsawon mintina 60, matsakaicin matsakaicin plasma na abubuwan shine 2,7 μg / ml. Awanni 12 bayan gudanarwa, darajarta ta sauka zuwa 0.3 μg / ml. Ana samun daidaituwa na daidaituwa ne kawai bayan gabatarwar akalla allurai 4 na Zanocin. Matsakaicin matsakaiciyar daidaituwa da daidaituwa mafi yawa ana samun su ne bayan an gudanar da maganin ofloxacin a kowace sa'o'i 12 ga kwanaki 7 kuma sune 0.5 da 2.9 μg / ml, bi da bi.

Apparentararren rarraba rarraba ya kai lita 100. Ofloxacin an yada shi sosai akan gabobin jiki da kyallen jikin mutum, yana shiga cikin narkewar hanjin hanji, sel (alveolar macrophages, leukocytes), bile, yau, fitsari, fata, tsarin numfashi, kasusuwa, kasusuwa masu taushi, kasusuwa da gabobin ciki. Abubuwa masu sauƙin shafar kwakwalwa-jini da shingen jini, an keɓance shi cikin madara mai nono kuma an ƙaddara shi a cikin ƙwayar cerebrospinal (14-60% na maganin da aka gudanar).

Ofloxacin metabolism ana aiwatar dashi a cikin hanta (har zuwa 5% na miyagun ƙwayoyi sun sha wahala biotransformation), kuma babban metabolites shine demethylofloxacin da ofloxacin-N-oxide. Kashe rabin rayuwar yayi daga awa 4,5 zuwa 7 kuma baya dogaro da sashi. An cire haramar cikin fitsari - har zuwa kashi 75-90% wanda bai canza ba, kusan 4% ofloxacin an kebe shi a cikin bile. Budewar mahalli bata wuce kashi 20%. Bayan allura guda ɗaya na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin kashi 200 MG, an ƙaddara ofloxacin a cikin fitsari don 20-24 hours.

A cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da hepatic ko na koda, ƙimar ofloxacin kawar na iya yin jinkiri. Rarraba abubuwa a cikin jiki ba ya nan. Yayin aikin hemodialysis, har zuwa 10-30% na kayan aiki Zanocin an keɓe shi.

Alamu don amfani

• Cututtuka: urinary fili, cututtukan mahaifa (gami da ƙwayar cuta, ƙonewa), gabobin ENT, ƙwayar jijiyoyin jiki, gabobin hangen nesa, kyallen takarda da fata, jijiyoyin ciki,
• Endocarditis
• Cutar tarin fuka (a zaman wani ɓangaren magani a matsayin magani na biyu),
• Bacteremia.

Umarnin don amfani da Zanocin: hanya da sashi

An zaɓi adadin Zanocin daban-daban.

Ana ɗaukar magani a cikin nau'ikan allunan a baka. Tsarin aikace-aikacen yana ƙaddara ta alamun:

• Cututtukan cikin ciki da cututtukan urinary tract marasa sauƙin cuta: 2 sau a rana, 200 MG kowane,
• Cututtukan cututtuka daban-daban na etiologies: sau 2 a rana, 200-400 MG,
• Chlamydia: sau 2 a rana, 300-400 MG na kwanaki 7-10,
• Prostatitis da ke haifar da E. coli: sau 2 a rana, 300 mg kowane (har zuwa makonni 6),
• Cututturar ƙwayar cuta mai haɗari: sau ɗaya 400 MG.

Zanocin a cikin hanyar samar da mafita don jiko ana amfani dashi cikin ciki, drip, jiko. Mafi yawan lokuta ana ba da magani ne:

• Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan hanji: sau 2 a rana, 200 MG kowane,
• Cutar cikin ciki, cututtukan kyallen takarda masu taushi, fata, fitsari: sau 2 a rana, 200-400 mg.

Side effects

Yayin aikin jiyya, sakamako na gaba zai iya haɓaka:

• Tsarin juyayi na tsakiya: rauni, rashi, damuwa na bacci, ciwon kai, daukar hoto,
• Tsarin narkewa: rashin damuwa na ciki, tashin zuciya, zawo, amai, manoma,
• Allergic halayen: zazzabi, kurji, kumburi, itching.

Yawan abin sama da ya kamata

Bayyanar cutar yawan zafin jiki ta Zanocin sune: tsawaita tazara ta QT, tsananin farin ciki, bacci, disorientation, tashin hankali, rikicewa, amai. A wannan yanayin, ana ba da shawarar layin na ciki da maganin kwantar da hankali. Tare da yiwuwar tsawan tazara na QT, kula da ECG koyaushe ya zama dole.

Hulɗa da ƙwayoyi

Tasirin amfani da Zanocin yana rage antacids (ƙin sha).

A wasu halaye, Zanocin na iya haɓaka matakan theophylline a cikin plasma.

Analogues na Zanocin sune: Dancil, Zoflox, Tarivid, Ofloxacin, Ofloxacin Zentiva, Ofloxacin-Teva, Ofloxacin Protekh, Ofloxin, Uniflox, Phloxal.

Reviews game da Zanocin

Dangane da sake dubawa, sau da yawa ana tsara Zanocin ga marasa lafiya a matsayin wani ɓangare na lura da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, cututtukan fata da salpingoophoritis, da kuma sauran cututtukan urological da cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa. A cewar masana, lura ya juya ya zama mai tasiri sosai kuma mai hankali, tunda ofloxacin yana aiki sosai akan abubuwanda ke haifar da cututtukan. Yawancin marasa lafiya sun jure rashin lafiya da kyau, kawai kaɗan daga cikinsu suna da mummunan halayen a cikin nau'in zawo, tashin zuciya da anorexia, har ma da alamun bayyanar hoto yayin jiyya tare da Zanocin a cikin lokacin dumi.

Ofloxacin yana ɓoye ta hanyar kodan, wanda zai baka damar gudanar da ayyukan kumburi waɗanda ke haɗaka da cututtukan urological. Tuni a kan rana ta 5-7 bayan fara magani, ƙwayar cuta ta ɓace kuma jin daɗin rayuwar marasa lafiya ya inganta. Abubuwan da ke haifar da illa suna da matukar wahalar gaske

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da Zanocin don kula da cututtukan kumburi waɗanda ke haifar da Escherichia coli da pseudomonas. Hakanan, yana da sakamako mai immunomodulating. Sabili da haka, likitoci sukan rubuta shi don maganin cutar kanjamau da cutar kansa, tunda irin waɗannan yanayin ana nuna su ta raguwar rigakafi.

Kayan magunguna na maganin Zanocin

Pharmacodynamics Ofloxacin ((±) -9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10- (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl) -7-oxo-7H-pyrido1,2,3-de-1,4- benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid) wakili ne na rigakafi na rukunin fluoroquinolone. Sakamakon kwayoyin cuta na ofloxacin, kamar sauran quinolones mai kyalli, shine saboda ikonta don toshe kwayar halittar kwayoyin halittar DNA.
Abubuwan da ke haifar da kwayar cutar ta kwayar cutar sun hada da microorganisms masu tsayayya da maganin penicillins, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, da kuma microorganisms tare da juriya da yawa.
Zanocin OD - wani magani ne tare da tsawaita tsawon lokacin aiki - ofloxacin. Ana shan miyagun ƙwayoyi sau 1 a rana. 1 kwamfutar hannu na Zanocin OD 400 ko 800 MG, wanda aka ɗauka sau ɗaya a rana, yana ba da sakamako mai warkewa daidai da shan allunan 2 na yau da kullun na 200 na 400 da, a dai-dai, ana ɗaukar sau 2 a rana.
Zanocin a cikin kwamfutar hannu yana aiki da yawa daga ƙwayoyin cuta.
Aerobic gram-kwayoyin cuta: E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., Proteus spp., Shigella spp., Yersinia spp., Enterobacter spp., Morganella morganii, Providencia spp., Vibrio spp., Citrobacter spp., Serratia spp., Campylobacter spp. , Pseudomonas aeruginosa, P. cepacia, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, N. meningitidis, Haemophilus mura, H. ducreyi, Acinetobacter spp., Moraxella catarrhalis, Gardnerella vaginalis, Pasteurella multocida, Helicobacter pyl. Hanyoyi iri-iri na miyagun ƙwayoyi suna da iri. Brucella melitensis.
Kwayoyin cututtukan Aerobic gram-tabbatacce: staphylococci, gami da maganin penicillinase na haifar da lamuran, da kuma cututtukan da ake iya magance methicillin, streptococci (musamman Kwayar cutar huda ciki), Listeria monocytogenes, Corynebacterium spp.
Ofloxacin yana aiki fiye da ciprofloxacin dangane da Chlamydia trachomatis. Har ila yau aiki da Mycobacterium kuturta da Mycobacterium da tarin fuka da wasu nau'ikan Mycobacterium. Akwai rahotanni game da tasirin tasirin maganin cutar ofloxacin da rifabutin dangane da M. kuturta.
Pallidum treponema, ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi da protozoa sune marasa hankali ga ofloxacin.
Pharmacokinetics Magungunan yana cikin hanzari kuma kusan ɗazu cikin ƙwayar narkewa. Cikakken bayanin biolovacin na ofloxacin shine kashi casa'in da tara cikin dari bayan gudanarwar maganin baka. Mayar da hankali a cikin jini na jini ya kai 3-4 μg / ml 1-2 sa'o'i bayan gudanarwa a kashi 400 MG. Cin abinci baya rage yawan shan ƙwayoyin ofloxacin, amma maiyuwa ya ɗan rage rage ƙarfinshi. Rabin rayuwar miyagun ƙwayoyi shine sa'o'i 5-8. Saboda ofloxacin galibi kodan ya keɓance shi, magungunan sa na canza magunguna sosai a cikin marasa lafiyar da ke fama da rauni na keɓaɓɓen aiki (keɓantaccen ≤50 ml / min) don haka suna buƙatar daidaita sashi.
Hemodialysis dan kadan rage yawan ofloxacin a cikin jini na jini. Ofloxacin an yadu cikin kyallen takarda da ruwan jiki, gami da CSF, yawan rarraba shine daga 1 zuwa 2.5 l / kg. Kimanin kashi 25% na magungunan suna ɗaure zuwa sunadaran plasma. Ofloxacin ya wuce ta cikin mahaifa kuma zuwa cikin nono. Ya kai babban taro a cikin mafi kyallen takarda da ruwan jiki, gami da ascites, bile, yau, hanji, ciwan ciki, huhu, huhun hanji, kashin kasusuwa.
Ofloxacin yana da ƙarar pyridobenzoxazine, wanda ke rage adadin metabolic na mahaifa. Fiye da maganin an cire shi a cikin fitsari ba tare da canzawa ba, tare da 65-80% cikin sa'o'i 24 zuwa 48. Karancin 5% na kashi an fesa shi a cikin fitsari a cikin hanyar dimethyl ko N-oxide metabolites. 4-8% na kashi da aka ɗauka an fitar da shi a cikin feces. Smallarancin adadin ƙwayoyin toloxacin an keɓe su cikin bile.
Babu wani bambance-bambance a cikin girman rarraba magungunan a cikin tsofaffi, ƙwayar ta bayyana mafi yawa ta hanyar kodan ta hanyar da ba ta canzawa, kodayake zuwa ƙarami. Tunda ofloxacin asirce shine mafi yawancin kodan, kuma a cikin tsofaffi marassa lafiya, galibi yana aiki mafi yawan lokuta, ana amfani da sashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi don aikin keɓaɓɓen aiki, kamar yadda aka ba da shawarar ga dukkan marasa lafiya.
Pharmacokinetics na Zanocin OD Taimaka wa tsarinta na amfani. Abinci baya tasiri ga darajar shan ƙwayoyi. Allunan aiki na ofloxacin Allunan suna da sauri suna karuwa kuma suna da babban digiri na sha idan aka kwatanta da allunan yau da kullun na ofloxacin ana shan su sau 2 a rana. Bayan gudanar da maganin baka na Zanocin OD 400 mg, mafi girman maida hankali na ofloxacin a cikin jini yana isa bayan awa 6.778 ± 3.154 kuma shine 1.9088 μg / ml ± 0.46588 μg / ml. AUC0-1 shine 21.9907 ± 4.60537 μg • g / ml. Bayan gudanar da maganin baka na Zanocin OD a kashi 800 na MG, mafi girman maganin miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin plasma ya isa bayan 7.792 ± 3.0357 h kuma shine 5.22 is 1.24 μg / ml. Matsayi na AUC0-t shine 55.64 ± 11.72 μg • g / ml. A cikin vitro miyagun ƙwayoyi suna ɗaure wa garkuwar plasma da kimanin 32%.
An samar da daidaituwa game da ƙwayar cuta a cikin jini na jini bayan an samar da kulawa sau 4 na maganin, kuma kungiyar ta AUC kusan kashi 40% sama da hakan bayan aikace-aikacen guda ɗaya.
Cirewar ofloxacin daga jikin mutum biphasic ne. Tare da maimaita gudanarwa na baka, rabin rayuwar maganin yana kimanin sa'o'i 4-5 da sa'o'i 20-25. Alamomin jimlar tsabtacewa da rarraba rarrabawa kusan iri ɗaya ne don amfani guda.

Yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi Zanocin

Zanocin: kashi yana dogara da nau'in ƙwayoyin cuta da tsananin girman kamuwa da cuta, shekaru, nauyin jiki da aikin koda. A mafi yawan lokuta, hanya ta jiyya kwanaki 7-10, ya kamata a ci gaba da jinya don wani kwanaki 2-3 bayan an kawar da alamun kamuwa da cuta. A cikin ciwo mai rikitarwa da rikitarwa, ana iya tsawanta jiyya. Yawan maganin shine 200-400 mg / rana a allurai kashi biyu. Ana iya ɗaukar nauyin 400 MG (Allunan 2) a lokaci guda, zai fi dacewa da safe. Ana iya bada shawarar yin amfani da kashi ɗaya na 400 na ƙwayar cuta don m sabo ba tare da ɓacin ciki ba. Ana amfani da kashi 400 na MG ta hanyar WHO na magance kuturta.
Ana gudanar da drip na ciki a cikin kwayar 200 MG (100 ml) a cikin adadin 400 mg / h a 200-400 mg sau 2 a rana.
Game da illa mai aiki na renal an kafa sashin yana la'akari da tsananin lalacewa ta koda da kuma yardarta. Shafin farko da aka ba da shawarar maganin har idan yana da inganci na aikin ƙirar shine 200 MG, to an gyara sashin yana la'akari da tsabtacewar creatinine: a cikin alamar 50-20 ml / min - a cikin kashi na yau da kullun a cikin sa'o'i 24, kasa da 20 ml / min - 100 mg (1/2 t damar) kowane awa 24
Ba'a ba da shawarar ci gaba da magani tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi sama da watanni 2.
Zanocin OD dauki lokaci 1 a rana tare da abinci. An saita ma'aunin yau da kullun bisa tebur (duba ƙasa). Wadannan shawarwarin suna aiki ga marasa lafiya da aikin koda na al'ada (keɓantaccen keɓaɓɓen 50 ml / min). Allunan an cinye su duka.

Mace na yau da kullun mg

Wucewar cutar mashako na kullum

Kwayoyin cuta marasa illa na fata da ƙananan ƙwayar cuta

Cutar ba ta da jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin mahaifa

Rashin cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta mahaifa / cututtukan urethritis wanda C. trachomatis ya haifar

Cakuda cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan urethra da mahaifa ke haifar da Chlamidia trachomatis da / ko Neisseria gonorrhoeae

M cututtuka mai kumburi daga cikin gabobin ƙashin ƙugu

Hadaddun cystitis da ke haifar da Escherichia coli ko Klebsiella ciwon huhu

Kwayar cutar ba tare da rikitarwa ba ta haifar da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta

1Hanyar causative da cutar an kafa.

Game da illa mai aiki na renal an daidaita sigar lokacin da keɓancewar creatinine shine ml50 ml / min. Bayan kashi na farko na yau da kullun, lokacin amfani da Zanocin OD 400 MG, ana gyara maganin kamar haka:

Adadin kulawa da yawan gudanarwa

Don cututtukan cututtukan fata na fata da kyallen takarda mai taushi, ciwon huhu ko haɓakawa na ƙwararrun hanji, cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na gabobin ƙashin ƙugu, an ba da shawarar shan Zanocin OD 400 MG a kowane sa'o'i 24. Har yanzu, babu ingantaccen bayanai game da canje-canje a cikin allurai da aka ba da shawarar.

Zuwa yau, babu isasshen bayanai game da canje-canje a cikin allurai da aka bada shawara ga marasa lafiya da keɓancewar in20 ml / min.

Lokacin amfani da Zanocin OD 800 MG zuwa yau, babu isasshen bayanai game da canje-canje a cikin allurai da aka bada shawara ga marasa lafiya da keɓancewar in50 ml / min. Idan kawai aka san maida hankali akan kwayar halitta a cikin jini (plasma) na jini, za a iya tantance yardawar creatinine ta hanyar dabara:

72 (plasma creatinine (mg / dl))

• na mata: keɓantaccen ɗaukar hoto (ml / min) = 0.85 maza ƙirar kyautar.

Ana kula da tattarawar creatinine a cikin jini (plasma) jini domin sanin halin aikin koda.
Liverarancin aikin hanta / cirrhosis.
Ofloxacin excretion za'a iya rage shi cikin matsanancin rashin lafiyar hepatic (cirrhosis tare da / ba tare da ascites) ba, saboda haka, matsakaicin adadin ofloxacin bai kamata a wuce shi ba - 400 MG kowace rana.
A tsofaffi marasa lafiya babu buƙatar daidaita sashin, sai idan lokacin da ake fama da lalacewa ko aikin hepatic.

Labaran kwararrun likitoci

Magungunan rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta - Zanocin - wanda Kamfanin Kamfanin Indiya na Ranbaxi Laboratories Ltd suka kirkira. Aiki mai aiki na ofloxacin (ofloxacinum) yana lalata mummunar tasirin ƙwayoyin DNA na sel na ƙwayoyin cuta, suna hana ƙwarewar su haifarwa kansu.

Kamuwa da cuta Wannan kalma ta shiga rayuwar mu da karfi har ta daina sanya mana ido. “Na kamu da cuta, na sha kwaya, kuma komai ya tafi,” in ji mutane da yawa. Wannan ba daidai bane Pathogenic microflora yana da ikon lalata jikinmu daga ciki, har zuwa mutuwa. Kuma wannan na iya faruwa sosai idan ba a ɗauki matakan a cikin lokaci ba. Zanocin ne ya kirkira don samar da kwayar cutar antibacterial mai amfani da kungiyar likitoci da masana harhada magunguna don toshe kwayar halittar jikin kwayar halittar halittar halittar fure, ta lalata shi. Don haka sauke haƙuri daga abubuwan da ke haifar da shan kashi.Magungunan Zanocin zai sa ya yiwu a manta da irin wannan maƙwabta mara daɗi da haɗari kamar cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan kwayoyin halitta daban-daban.

Tsarin magunguna na Zanocin

Magunguna ne masu yawan gaske wadanda suke yakar microbes a jikin mutum. Yana da tasiri kai tsaye akan ƙwayar tsohuwar ƙwayar halittar DNA, wanda ke tabbatar da dorewar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta. Bugu da kari, umarnin don Zanocin yana nuna cewa wannan magani yana haifar da tasirin ƙwayar cuta. Aiki tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke haifar da beta-lactamases, kazalika da haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta na mycobacteria na zamani.

Yin allurar Zanocin da tsarin allurai

An wajabta gudanarwa na Zanocin idan mai haƙuri yana da kamuwa da cuta na hanji (100 MG), kodan da kwayoyin halittar jini (100-200 mg), gabobin ENT da jijiyoyin jiki, kasusuwa da gidajen abinci, cututtukan fata, ƙoshin ciki, kasusuwa masu taushi. Bugu da ƙari, bisa ga sake dubawa, Zanocin yana taimakawa sosai tare da ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan fata da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta (200 mg). Ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi sau biyu a rana. Za'a iya karuwa kwayar ko rage karfin dangane da tsananin cutar, yawan hanta da kodan, da kuma kula da abubuwan da ke cikin maganin.

Idan mai haƙuri yana da alamun bayyanar alamun raguwa, don dalilai na prophylactic, an wajabta shi 400-600 MG don 24 hours.

Wani lokacin Zanocin ana gudanar da shi sauƙin 200 MG (mafita ya zama sabo). Tsawon lokacin aikin shine minti 30.

Umarnin don Zanocin yana nuna cewa wannan magani shima an wajabta shi a baki. Ga manya, matsakaicin maganin yau da kullun shine 800 MG. Tsawon lokacin jiyya shine makonni 1-1.5.

Marasa lafiya marasa aikin kodan yakamata suyi ƙarin bincike kuma su sami ƙwararrun masani. Irin waɗannan marasa lafiya galibi ana wajabta su rabin adadin yau da kullun (100 MG). A wasu halaye, ana gudanar da 200 mg a karo na farko, sannan kuma ana ci gaba da aikin magani tare da sashi na 100 MG.

Game da gazawar hanta, kashi na yau da kullun shine 100 MG (ƙimar mafi girma a wannan yanayin bai kamata ya wuce 400 MG ba).

Allunan Zanocin OD 400 ba su tauna, an wanke su da ruwa kadan yayin abinci ko kafin abinci. Gabaɗaya hanyar kulawa ya dogara da yanayin mai haƙuri, da kan tsawon lokaci na cutar.

Contraindications

Ba a ba da umarnin Zanocin ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da rashin hankali ga abubuwan da ke cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi ba, tare da amo, bayan rauni na kai, tare da matakan kumburi na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, bugun jini. An haramta yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ga yara 'yan ƙasa da shekara 18, mata masu juna biyu, da lokacin shayarwa.

Ana buƙatar ƙarin shawara ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ke fama da cutar arteriosclerosis, cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa na tsakiya da haɗarin cerebrovascular.

Sashi da gudanarwa

A cikin hanyar mafita, ana gudanar da Zanocin a cikin jini. Sigogi da tsarin jiko sun danganta da nau'in kamuwa da cutar, tsananin cutar, shekarun mai haƙuri, aikin hanta da ƙodan sa, da kuma ƙwayar ƙwayoyin cuta.

Yawancin lokaci ana yiwa marassa lafiyar 200 mg sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a rana. A cikin cututtuka masu raɗaɗi ko rikitarwa, ƙarin kashi zuwa 400 MG sau biyu a rana yana yiwuwa. Matsakaicin izinin maganin yau da kullun shine 800 MG. Tsawon jiko shine minti 30-60. Kafin aiwatarwa, Zanocin an narke shi da maganin 5% na dextrose. Da zaran yanayin mai haƙuri ya inganta, an canza shi zuwa aikin sarrafawa na maganin a cikin Allunan.

A ciki, ana ɗaukar Zanocin 200-400 MG kowace rana. Idan yawan maganin yau da kullun bai wuce 400 MG ba, ana bada shawara don ɗaukar shi a lokaci, zai fi dacewa da safe. An kasha allurai zuwa kashi biyu. Wajibi ne a sha kwayoyin kafin abinci ko lokacin abinci.

Tare da ƙwayar cuta, a matsayin ƙa'ida, kashi ɗaya na 400 na ofloxacin ya ishe. Tare da prostatitis, 300 MG kowace rana ana yin allurar.

Idan akwai matsala na aiki na haya, an rage kashi na Zanocin:

• Idan KK shine 50-20 ml / min - 100-200 mg kowace rana,
• Idan CC ta kasance ƙasa da 20 ml / minti - 100 MG / rana.

Ana wajabta wa marasa lafiya maganin jijiyoyin jini sau 100 a rana.

Tare da gazawar hanta da cirrhosis, kashi na yau da kullun kada ya wuce 400 MG.

Tsawon lokacin maganin Zanocin ya dogara da hankali na kwayar cutar kwayar cuta ta toloxacin da hoton asibiti gaba ɗaya. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, jiyya yana gudana:

• Tare da cututtukan fata na fata da tsarin numfashi - kwana 10,
• Tare da cututtukan cututtuka na gabobin pelvic - kwana 10-14,
• Tare da cututtukan urinary fili - kwanaki 3-10,
• Tare da prostatitis - har zuwa makonni 6.

Bayan ɓacewar dukkan alamun cutar, shan maganin yana bada shawarar aƙalla kwanaki 2.

Allunan da suka dade suna aiki Zanocin OD galibi ana wajabta su:

• Tare da cututtukan urinary tract da cututtukan jima'i - 400 mg / rana don kwanaki 3-7, tare da rikitarwa masu rikitarwa - kwana 10,
• Tare da prostatitis - 400 MG kowace rana don makonni 6,
• Don cututtukan fata na fata da kyallen takarda mai laushi, cututtukan ƙwayar jijiyoyin jiki - 800 MG / rana. tsawon kwana 10.

Umarni na musamman

Dukkanin tsawon lokacin jiyya wajibi ne:

• Tabbatar da isasshen hydration na jiki,
• Lokaci-lokaci ku lura da glucose na jini
• Guji bayyanar UV,
• Yi amfani da hankali lokacin tuki motoci da yin aikin mai haɗari mai buƙatar saurin amsawa.

Idan kuna buƙatar amfani da Zanocin na dogon lokaci, kuna buƙatar sarrafa hoton motsi na yanki, koda da aikin hanta.

Ana lura da raguwa da yawaitar ofloxacin tare da amfani da lokaci daya:

• antacids dauke da magnesium, alli da / ko aluminum,
• nasara
• shirye-shirye dauke da divalent da trivalent cations,
• multivitamins, wanda ya hada da zinc.

Don haka, ya kamata a lura da aƙalla tsaka-tsakin sa'o'i 2 tsakanin allurai na waɗannan magunguna.

NSAIDs hade da oflaxacin suna ƙara haɗarin haɓaka tasirin mai motsa jiki akan tsarin juyayi na tsakiya da haɓaka mawuyacin hali.

An lura da haɓakar aikin mutum tare da haɗewar amfani da Zanocin tare da aminoglycosides, maganin maganin beta-lactam da metronidazole.

Ofloxacin yayi jinkirin dakatarwar theophylline excretion, wanda yake haifar da karuwa a cikin taro da haɓaka tasirin sakamako masu illa.

Ashof, Zoflox, Geoflox, Oflo, Oflox, Ofloxacin, Ofloxabol, Oflomak, Oflotid, Ofloxin, Tarivid, Taritsin, Tariferid.

Sakamakon sakamako na miyagun ƙwayoyi Zanocin

Sakamakon bincike na asibiti tare da maimaita yawan amfani da ofloxacin, ana lura da waɗannan masu yawan lokuta: tashin zuciya (3%), ciwon kai (1%), dizziness (1%), zawo (1%), amai (1%), fitsari (1%), itching fata (1%), itching na waje Genitalia a cikin mata (1%), vaginitis (1%), dysgeusia (1%).
A cikin gwaji na asibiti, yawancin sakamako masu illa da suka faru ba tare da la'akari da tsawon lokacin miyagun ƙwayoyi ba shine tashin zuciya (10%), ciwon kai (9%), dysomnia (7%), itching na gabobin waje na mata a cikin mata (6%), dizziness (5 %), vaginitis (5%), zawo (4%), amai (4%).
A cikin gwaji na asibiti, mafi yawan sakamako masu illa da suka faru ba tare da la'akari da tsawon lokacin da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba kuma an lura da su a cikin 1-3% na marasa lafiya sun kasance mai ciki na ciki da colic, ciwon kirji, rage cin abinci, bushe lebe, dysgeusia, gajiya, flatulence, cuta na Ciwan ciki, farji, pharyngitis, pruritus, zazzabi, huhu, rashin bacci, nutsuwa, zafin jiki, zubar farji, raunin gani, maƙarƙashiya.
Sakamakon sakamako wanda aka lura a cikin binciken asibiti a cikin ƙasa da 1% na lokuta, ba tare da la'akari da tsawon lokacin da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba:
janar baki daya: asthenia, sanyi, zazzabin cizon sauro, jin zafi a cikin gabar jiki, hanci,
daga tsarin zuciya: cardiac arrest, edema, hauhawar jini, artpot hypotension, abin mamaki na karuwar bugun zuciya, tashin zuciya,
daga jijiyoyin mahaifa: dyspepsia
daga tsarin kwayoyin: jin zafi, haushi, zafi da kurji a cikin farjin mace, dysmenorrhea, metrorrhagia,
daga tsarin musculoskeletal: arthralgia, myalgia,
daga tsarin juyayi na tsakiya: tashin hankali, damuwa, raunin hankali, rashin damuwa, mafarkin da ba a sani ba, tashin zuciya, alamu, halin damuwa, vertigo, rawar jiki,
daga gefen metabolism: ƙishirwa, nauyi asara,
daga tsarin numfashi: kamawa na numfashi, tari, rhinorrhea,
rashin lafiyan da halayen fata: angioedema, hyperhidrosis, urticaria, rash, vasculitis,
daga gabobin azanci: rashin ji, tinnitus, daukar hoto,
daga urinary tsarin: dysuria, yawan urination, urinary riƙewa.
An gano canje-canje a sigogin dakin gwaje-gwaje a cikin ≥1% na marasa lafiya tare da maimaita amfani da ofloxacin. Wadannan canje-canjen ana haifar da su ta hanyar shan magunguna da kuma cutar cututtukan:
daga tsarin jini: anaemia, leukopenia, leukocytosis, neutropenia, neutrophilia, stab neutrophilia, lymphocytopenia, eosinophilia, lymphocytosis, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytosis, haɓaka ESR,
daga tsarin hepatobiliary: levelsarin matakan alkaline phosphatase, asat, alat,
sigogi na dakin gwaje-gwaje: hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, hypercreatininemia, ƙara yawan urea, glucosuria, proteinuria, alkalinuria, hypostenuria, hematuria, pyuria.
Kwarewar bayan-tallace
Notedarin tasirin sakamako wanda ya faru ba tare da la'akari da tsawon lokacin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba a sakamakon sakamakon binciken kasuwanci na quinolones, gami da ofloxacin.
Daga tsarin zuciya: thrombosis cerebral, huhun ciki, tachycardia, jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki / tsawa, fitsari, tachycardia ventricular tachycardia kamar su pirouette.
Daga tsarin endocrine da metabolism: hyper- ko hypoglycemia, musamman a cikin marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari waɗanda ke amfani da maganin insulin ko magunguna na hypoglycemic na baki.
Daga cikin jijiyoyin mahaifa: hepatonecrosis, jaundice (cholestatic ko hepatocellular), hepatitis, intestinal perforation, gazawar hanta (gami da cututtukan fata), pseudomembranous colitis (alamun cututtukan pseudomembranous colitis na iya faruwa duka lokacin da kuma bayan maganin rigakafi), zub da jini daga hanji, hiccups, mucous soreness harsashi na baka kogo, ƙwannafi.
Daga tsarin kulawa: sihiri candidiasis.
Daga tsarin jini: anemia (wanda ya hada da hemolytic da aplastic), basur, pancytopenia, agranulocytosis, leukopenia, hanawa aiki na bargo, thrombocytopenia, thrombocytopenic purpura, petechiae, basur mai jini / huhu.
Daga tsarin musculoskeletal: tendonitis, rushewa na jijiya, rauni, rauni ne kasusuwa.
Daga gefen tsarin juyayi na tsakiya: barcin dare, tunanin kisan kai ko ayyuka, disorientation, psychotic reaction, paranoia, phobia, tashin hankali, tashin hankali, tashin hankali / rashin jituwa, tashin zuciya, tashin hankali labaru, na gefe neuropathy, ataxia, nakasasshe daidaituwa, tashin hankali mai yiwuwa myasthenia gravis da rashin lafiyar extrapyramidal, dysphasia, dizziness.
Daga tsarin numfashi: dyspnea, bronchospasm, rashin lafiyar farji, huhun jiki.
Allergic da halayen fata: anaphylactic / anaphylactoid reaction / shock, purpura, serum cuta, multimorphic erythema / Stevens-Johnson syndrome, erythema nodosum, exfoliative dermatitis, hyperpigmentation, mai guba epidermal necrolysis, conjunctivitis, photoensitivity / phototoxicity dauki, vesiculobulosis.
Daga hankula: diplopia, nystagmus, wayayyun gani, dysgeusia, ƙarancin wari, ji da daidaituwa, wanda, a matsayin mai mulkin, wucewa bayan dakatar da miyagun ƙwayoyi.
Daga tsarin urinary: anuria, polyuria, calculi a cikin kodan, gazawar koda, interstitial nephritis, hematuria.
Manunin dakin gwaje-gwaje: tsawan lokaci na prothrombin, acidosis, hypertriglyceridemia, karuwa a cikin cholesterol, potassium, alamomin aikin hanta, gami da gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, LDH, bilirubin, albuminuria, candiduria.
A cikin gwaje-gwaje na asibiti tare da maimaita amfani da quinolones, an gano cututtukan ophthalmic, ciki har da cataract da pinpoint opacification na ruwan tabarau. Ba a riga an kafa dangantakar tsakanin shan miyagun ƙwayoyi da bayyanar waɗannan cuta ba.
An ba da rahoton abin da ya faru na crystalluria da cylindruria tare da yin amfani da sauran quinolones.

Abubuwan Harkokin Magunguna Zanocin

Antacids, sucralfate, cations na karfe, multivitamins. Quinolones suna samar da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa tare da wakilan alkaline da masu ɗaukar katako na karfe. Amfani da quinolones a hade tare da shirye-shiryen antacid wanda ya ƙunshi alli, magnesium ko aluminium, sucralfate, divalent ko cvalen cations (baƙin ƙarfe), shirye-shiryen multivitamin wanda ke ɗauke da zinc, didanosine na iya rage yawan kwalliyar quinolones, ta haka rage yawan hankalinsu. Ana ɗaukar magungunan da ke sama 2 hours kafin ko bayan shan ofloxacin.
Kafur Ba a gano ma'amala ba.
Sankarin. Babu rahotannin karuwa a matakin cyclosporine a cikin jini na jini yayin da aka hade da quinolones. Ba a yi nazarin yiwuwar hulɗa tsakanin quinolones da cyclosporins ba.
Cimetidine ya haifar da cin zarafin kawar da wasu quinolones, wanda hakan ya haifar da karuwa a cikin rabin rayuwar maganin da kungiyar ta AUC. Zai yiwu a yi hulɗa tsakanin ofloxacin da cimetidine.
Magunguna masu narkeolized by enzymes cytochrome P450. Yawancin shirye-shiryen quinolone suna hana aikin enzymatic cytochrome P450. Wannan na iya haifar da tsawaita tsawon rabin rayuwar kwayoyi waɗanda suke amfani da su ta hanyar tsarin guda ɗaya (cyclosporine, theophylline / methylxanthines, warfarin) idan aka haɗu da quinolones.
NSAIDs. Haɗewar yin amfani da NSAIDs da quinolones, gami da ofloxacin, na iya haifar da haɗarin haɗarin sakamako mai tayar da hankali a cikin tsarin jijiya da jijiyoyi.
Probenecid. A hade amfani da probenecid da quinolones na iya shafar excretion na koda. Ba a yi nazarin sakamakon probenecid akan ofloxacin excretion ba.
Kalamunda Matakan Plaoma theophylline na iya ƙaruwa idan aka haɗu da ofloxacin. Kamar sauran quinolones, ofloxacin na iya tsawan rabin rayuwar theophylline, haɓaka matakan plasma na theophylline da haɗarin sakamako na theophylline. Wajibi ne a tantance matakin theophylline a cikin plasma jini kuma daidaita sashi idan ana gudanar da shi tare da ofloxacin. Sakamakon sakamako (ciki har da tashin hankali) na iya faruwa tare da / ba tare da haɓaka matakan theophylline a cikin jini ba.
Warfarin. Wasu quinolones na iya haɓaka sakamakon sarrafa bakin na warfarin ko abubuwan da aka samo asali. Saboda haka, tare da haɗakar amfani da quinolones da warfarin ko abubuwan da aka samo, ana kula da lokutan prothrombin da sauran alamomin coagulation na jini akai-akai.
Ma'aikatan Antidiabetic (insulin, glyburide / glibenclamide). An ba da rahoto game da canji a cikin glucose na jini, ciki har da hyper- da hypoglycemia, yayin shan magungunan quinolone da magungunan antidiabetic, don haka ya kamata a kula da glycemia koyaushe tare da haɗin gwiwar magungunan da ke sama.
Magunguna da ke shafar haɓakar tubular koda (furosemide, methotrexate). Tare da gudanarwa na lokaci daya na quinolones da kwayoyi da suka shafi excaltion na koda, za'a iya keta haddi da haɓaka matakin quinolones a cikin jini.
Tasiri kan dakin gwaje-gwaje ko gwaji. Wasu quinolones, gami da ofloxacin, na iya bayarda sakamakon qarya don qwarin gwiwar opiates a cikin fitsari tare da kula da maganganun wakilai na rigakafi.
Idan babu bayanai game da karfin jituwa tare da sauran hanyoyin jiko ko shirye-shiryen Zanocin a cikin hanyar samar da mafita ga jiko, dole ne a yi amfani da shi daban. Magungunan sun dace da maganin isotonic sodium chloride, maganin ringer, 5% glucose ko fructose bayani.