Binciken maganin lipid na cholesterol

Kowannenmu ya wuce gwajin jini don cholesterol (bayanin martaba, ƙwayar lipid). Kowa ya san cewa ƙwayar cholesterol ba ta da kyau. Shin haka ne? Bari kuma muyi magana game da tsarin bayanin martaba na lipid da bukatun wucewar wannan bincike.

Idan kana son yin rayuwa tsawon rai, yi gwajin jini a kai a kai domin cholesterol.

Cholesterol da manufarta

Cholesterol abubuwa ne masu mahimmanci na jiki. Yana ɗaukar kashi ɗaya daga cikin ƙwayoyin ciki da na jima'i kuma yana da alhakin haɓaka da taurin ƙwayoyin sel. Yawancin abu ana samarwa a cikin hanta. Karami - ingesed da abinci.

Akwai nau'ikan guda biyu: darancin lipoproteins mai yawa (LDL) da lipoproteins mai yawa (HDL). Rashin daidaito na waɗannan mahadi, kazalika da haɓaka jimlar cholesterol, na iya haifar da matsalolin zuciya. Koyaya, cholesterol yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin aikin salula, aiki na kwakwalwa, da kuma samarda magungunan kariya ga jiki.
Yi la'akari da nau'ikan cholesterol a cikin ƙarin daki-daki.

LDL - ana ɗaukarsa "mummunan cholesterol", amma a zahiri tasirin mummunar tasirin abu akan jiki shine ƙari. Don haka, bangaren yana da ikon halakar da gubobi. Amma tare da haɓaka haɓakawa cikin abun ciki, yana da damar ƙirƙirar filayen sclerotic.

Ana daukar HDL “cholesterol mai kyau” saboda kaddarorinta na kayan kwalliyar cholesterol plasta.

Dalilin LDL shine dawowar cholesterol daga sassan jikin mutum zuwa hanta don aiki mai zuwa. Babban mahimmancin abu a cikin musayar bitamin D da kuma haɗin hormones.
Triglycerides a matsayin abubuwan da ke da karancin wadataccen lipoproteins (VLDL) suna cikin aikin kawai yayin samar da magunan bargo.

Cholesterol yana ɗayan manyan ma'aunin fat metabolism.

Gwajin jini ga cholesterol ana kiranta bayanin martaba. Yana bada damar gano cutar wadannan cututtukan:

• atherosclerosis
• cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini
• gurguwar aiki da aikin hanta,
• haila,
• ciwon sukari
• kiba.

Masana sun ba da shawara lokaci-lokaci gudanar da gwajin jini na cholesterol ga mutanen da ke da lafiya don tantance yiwuwar karkacewa da gyara abincin. Ya kamata a gudanar da bincike ba kawai kan jimlar cholesterol ba, har ma akan matakin kowane nau'in daban daban. Matsakaicin nau'ikan cholesterol guda uku yana ba da cikakken hoto game da yanayin lafiyar ɗan adam.

Bayan samun sakamakon bayanan furotin, mutum yakamata yai yunƙurin warware shi da kansa. Harafin dakin gwaje-gwaje ya ƙunshi bayanan da ka'idojin alamun ke dogara da hanyar bincike. Sabili da haka, ƙwararren masani ne kawai zai iya kimanta sakamakon.

Idan ana taskance cholesterol

Increasearin nunawa yana nuna faruwar irin waɗannan matsalolin:

1. Cutar zuciya
2. Zazzabi
3. Cutar koda da cutar hanta
4. Ciwon sukari
5. Kara lalatawar pancreatic,
6. Tsarin kumburi mai lalacewa.

A cikin tsofaffi (sama da shekaru 85), ana iya inganta matakan cholesterol. An yi imanin cewa wannan yana hana ci gaban kansa.

Idan cholesterol ya ragu

Tunda cholesterol ya zama dole don metabolism na al'ada, raguwarsa yana shafar yanayin kiwon lafiya.

Abubuwa na yau da kullun na hypocholesterolemia (saukar da jini cholesterol) sune yawan cin abinci, shan sigari, da yawan damuwa.

Choarancin cholesterol na iya nuna:

• cututtuka
• increasedara yawan aikin thyroid,
• hargitsi a cikin aikin zuciya.

Don haka, gwajin jini na cholesterol yana ba ku damar gano abin da ya faru da haɓakar cututtuka daban-daban. Hakanan, ba kawai babban matakin nuna alama ba, amma rabo na LDL zuwa HDL yana da mahimmanci.

Kun riga kun fahimci cewa kasancewar "mummunan" cholesterol (LDL) yana haifar da ci gaba da matsaloli tare da tasoshin jini, kuma "kyakkyawa" (HDL) ya zama dole don metabolism na al'ada.

Shirye-shirye da kuma buƙatun don gudanar da bincike don ƙayyade cholesterol

Buƙatar gudummawar jini daga jijiya. Kowane dakin gwaje-gwaje ana yin wannan binciken. Don samun sakamako abin dogaro, ana buƙatar shiri:

1. Ba da gudummawa jini "a kan komai a ciki." Abincin da ya gabata yakamata ya kasance aƙalla sa'o'i 10 kafin a aiwatar. Amma bai kamata ku ji matsananciyar yunwa ba har tsawon awanni 14.
2. Kashe amfani da abinci mai kitse kwanaki 2 kafin binciken. Gaskiya gaskiya ne ga mutanen da suke da kiba.
3. Usearyata shan giya ranar da gudummawar jini.
4. Iyakance shan taba kafin gwaji (aƙalla hoursan awanni).
5. Kada ku sha ruwan sha mai laushi 6 hours kafin karatun.
6. Game da ƙishirwa mai ƙishirwa, an yarda wa mai haƙuri ya sha gilashin ruwan da zai mutu a ƙarshen haɓarin binciken.
7. Rabin awa ɗaya kafin bayar da jini, mai haƙuri ya kamata ya zauna ko ya kwanta, musamman idan kafin bincike ya yi saurin tafiya ko hawa dutsen.
8. Kafin bayar da gudummawar jini, ba da shawarar yin aikin daukar hoto ba.
9. Wasu kwayoyi na iya shafar cholesterol na jini, saboda haka ya kamata ka gaya wa likitanka game da magunguna. Kafin gudanar da gwajin jini don cholesterol, ya zama dole a dakatar da amfani da magungunan da ke rage abun cikin lipids.

Cutar haila ba ta shafi cholesterol. Don haka, mata na iya ba da gudummawar jini yayin haila.

Yana faruwa sau da yawa ana tsara marasa lafiya don jin zafi da rashin jin daɗi yayin samin jini. An shawarci irin waɗannan mutane kada su lura da tsarin samfuran jini, amma su juya baya suyi tunani game da wani abu mai daɗi.
Bayan hanyar, ya kamata ku zauna kadan, sannan ku shiga cikin sabon iska.

Kuna iya samun sakamakon binciken gobe.

Magunguna suna sayar da gwaje-gwaje na musamman don sanin matakan cholesterol a gida. Koyaya, sakamakon irin waɗannan karatun ba abin dogaro ba ne.

Bayyana tsarin lipidogram

Don haka, kun sami sakamakon gwajin jini na cholesterol kuma kuna gani a can sakamakon alamomi da yawa.

• jimlar cholesterol
• babban da low lipoproteins,
• triglycerides (TG),
• atherogenic index (ko CA - wanda ba a iya magana da shi ba).

Manunin al'ada na jimlar cholesterol (jimlar cholesterol) shine adadi - a kasa da 5 mmol / l. Amma idan kun sha fama da bugun zuciya, bugun jini (bugun jini), kuna mara lafiya tare da cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya, angina pectoris, ciwon sukari mellitus, madadin tare da lameness, to jimlar cholesterol ya kamata ta kasance ƙasa da 4.0 mmol / l, kuma LDL ya kamata ya zama ƙasa da 1.8 mmol / l.

HDL ya kamata ya zama babban isa don ƙirar atherogenic ta kasance sama da uku (HDL - daga 0.70 zuwa 1.73 mmol / L).

Wani haɓaka a cikin LDL yana nuna cutar atherogenic, wanda ke nuna yiwuwar bayyanar atherosclerosis. Decreasearin raguwa a cikin alamar yana nuna bayyanuwar ɓarna na anti-atherogenic, wanda ke rage yiwuwar bunkasa atherosclerosis.

Ka'idar HDL: ga maza - 0.72 - 1.63 mmol / l, ga mata 0.86-2.28 mmol / l. Idan HDL da LDL sun kasance al'ada, tasoshin jini suna fitowa da hankali a hankali. Amma idan LDL ya fi yadda al'ada ke yi, kuma HDL yana ƙasa da na al'ada, to wannan yana nufin cewa atherosclerosis yana ci gaba a cikin jiki.

Triglycerides sune mahaɗan kwayoyin halitta waɗanda ke shiga jikin mutum tare da abinci. Hadin su yana faruwa a sel na adipose nama, sannan kuma a hanta.

Anaruwar triglycerides yana nuna matsaloli masu zuwa:

• ciwon sukari mellitus
• maganin ciwon huhu
• hawan jini
• cutar hanta
• kiba
• na gazawar.

Triglycerides na iya haɓaka tare da yin amfani da hanyoyin hana haifuwar cikin haila da lokacin daukar ciki.

Rage yawaitar triglycerides yana nuna kasancewar waɗannan cututtukan masu zuwa:

• karancin abinci mai gina jiki
• cutar koda
• raunin da ya faru da ƙonewa
• bugun zuciya
• cututtukan huhu na kullum
• hauhawar jini.

Yawan shan Vitamin C mai yawa yana taimakawa rage ƙwayoyin cuta.

Adadin atherogenicity index na iya bambanta dangane da shekarun batun. Ga yara, ƙa'idar na iya zama 1-1.5, ga mutanen da suka wuce 40 shekara 2.5-3.5 raka'a, don yara masu matsakaitan shekaru, alamomi sun haɗu daga 2 zuwa 3. Idan ƙirar atherogenic ta fi 3, wannan yana nuna cewa haɗarin ci gaban atherosclerosis yana da girma sosai.

Anaruwar inherogenic index zuwa 7-8 raka'a yana da mahimmanci kuma yana buƙatar magani nan da nan.

Gwajin jini game da cholesterol (bayanin martaba na lipid) na iya bayyana abubuwa da yawa game da lafiyar ku. Yana da mahimmanci a ƙetare shi daidai kuma kada a faɗi sakamakon maganin lipidogram da kanka. Bari likita ya yi shi!

Yaushe ne rubutaccen gwajin lipid na jini?

An wajabta bayanin martaba na lipid don tantance yanayin aikin metabolism. Ana gudanar da wannan bincike ne domin gano irin wadannan cututtukan a lokaci:

• cututtuka na jijiyoyin jini (atherosclerosis, cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini),
• ciwon sukari
• mai metabolism cuta.

An ba da shawarar ku riƙa yin gwaje gwaje na na yau da kullun ga mutanen da suke:

• hayaki
• zagi barasa
• suna cikin shekaru 50 +,
• masu ciwon sukari na matakai daban-daban,
• da mummunan gado.

Hanyoyin shirya

Don haɓaka daidaito na bayanin martaba na lipid, dole ne a bi ƙa'idodin masu zuwa:

• Testsauki gwaji da safe a kan komai a ciki (an ba shi damar sha har yanzu ruwa).
• Cire barasa da shan sigari kafin aikin.
• Guji tsananin motsa jiki da lokacin damuwa.
• Kada ku ɗauki magunguna a wannan lokacin.
• Kafin bayar da gudummawar jini don cholesterol, ya kamata ku zauna a hankali na kimanin minti 10.

Yaya ake yin gwajin lipid na jini?

1. An saka sirinji tare da allura a cikin jijiya na haƙuri.
2. Ana tattara jini a cikin bututu mai matsewa mai sauƙi.
3. An kunna shi sau da yawa don kada alkuki ya bayyana.
4. Samun magani a cikin amfani da centrifugation.
5. An bincika abin da ke ciki.

Ainihin, mai haƙuri yana karɓar sakamakon furotin na rana mai zuwa, tunda ana yin gwajin jini na ƙirar ƙasa a cikin sa'o'i 24.

Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka sanannu guda 3 waɗanda ake amfani da su don nazarin ƙirar lipid. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Aikin dakin gwaje-gwaje da hannu.
• Yin amfani da na'urar nazari ta atomatik ta zamani. Wannan hanya ana ɗaukar madaidaici-sauri, mai sauri, tare da ƙarancin adadin kuskure a cikin sakamakon.
• Zaɓin Zaɓi. Don amfani mai zaman kanta, don sarrafa matakan cholesterol. Ana yin hakan ta hanyar sanya ɗan adadin jini zuwa gaɓojin gwajin ƙira na musamman.

Al'ada na sakamakon da aka samu

Profile Lipid - cikakken nazarin mai metabolism. Wajibi ne don samun cikakken hoto game da lafiyar mai haƙuri. Tebur yana nuna ƙididdigar ƙwayar jini ta al'ada:

Abisawa

Rashin daidaitaccen sakamako tare da alamun al'ada na gwajin jinin lipid yana nuna rashin aiki a cikin jiki. Tebur ya nuna yiwuwar kwayar cutar ta ciki wanda tamanin abubuwan da ke tattare da kiba na iya bambanta da na yau da kullun:

Kammalawa

Tsarin lipidogram shine gwajin jini mai rikitarwa wanda likita ya tsara don dalilai na hanawa kuma idan akwai tuhuma da keta hadarin mai. Nazarin cholesterol, lipoproteins, triglycerides. Wannan hanya ta wajaba don gano dacewar lafazin bayanin martaba, tunda tare da haɓaka ko raguwa cikin abubuwan da aka sanya daga abubuwan jinsi, cututtukan jijiyoyin bugun gini.

Alamomi don nazarin lipid

Gwajin jini don ƙwayar lipid yana ƙayyade ba kawai haɗarin cututtukan cututtukan zuciya ba, har ma yana kimanta tasirin aikin maganin cututtukan da aka riga aka kafa: myocardial ischemia, hauhawar jini da ciwon sukari. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci don saka idanu akan tasirin marasa lafiya akan rage yawan abinci mai rage yawan abinci da marasa lafiya ke amfani da magungunan da ke rage cholesterol (cholesterol).

Abubuwan da ke nuna alamun maganin lipidogram sune:

• jarrabawar yayin gwajin kwararru na mutanen da shekarunsu suka wuce shekaru 20 - sau daya a cikin shekaru 5,
• gano cholesterol mai narkewa a cikin gwajin jini na kwayoyin,
• wani canji a cikin taro na sama na cholesterol a da,
• gaban cututtukan gado: atherosclerosis, metabolism mai rauni,
• a cikin masu shan sigari masu ciwon sukari, masu kiba, hawan jini, da shekaru sama da shekaru 45 ga maza da kuma shekaru 55 na mata,
• amfani da magunguna masu rage kiba, manne wa tsarin rage yawan abinci (don sarrafa tasirin magani)
• saka idanu mai mai a cikin marasa lafiya da cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini bayan myocardial infarction,
• cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki na kwakwalwa.

Yadda za a shirya don nazarin tsararren lipid

Tabbatacce tabbatacce na jigilar ƙwayar lipid zai kasance cikin ingantaccen tsari ta hanyar nazarin. Rashin cika wasu sharuɗɗa kafin binciken na iya haifar da ganewar asali ba da kuma magunguna marasa inganci ba.

Don samun cikakken sakamako, dole ne ka:

• yi abinci na karshe 12 sa'o'i kafin samfurin jini,
• ware daga menu ranar da aka fara nazarin abinci mai, mai yaji, yaji da gishiri,
• daina shan barasa a cikin awanni 24,
• kada shan taba na rabin sa'a kafin ziyartar dakin magani,
• ku guji ƙoƙari na jiki da damuwa na ruhi don awa ɗaya kafin ɗaukar jini,
• daina shan magunguna yau da kullun 48 sa'o'i kafin yin gwajin jini.

Rage sakamakon daga tsarin yana yiwuwa idan mutum ya ɗan sami ƙarfin motsa jiki a ranar da ya wuce, tare da yanayin tashin hankali, ilimin cututtukan hanta da kodan, yayin ciki da kuma amfani da beta-blockers, statins, androgens, fibrates da estrogens.

Bayyanar da zangon jin dadi

Akwai kasusuwa da yawa na lipids:

HDL - hana kirkirar filayen lipid, canja wurin cholesterol kyauta ga hanta don aiki. Ana ɗaukar karuwa a cikin taro a matsayin kyakkyawan nuna alama.

VLDL - aiwatar da sinadarin cholesterol daga sunadarai masu girman-yawa zuwa kashi-kadan mai yawa.

TG - Kwayoyin saturate tare da kuzari. Excessarin nuna alama ba wanda ake so ba tunda yana ba da gudummawa ga canje-canje atherosclerotic a cikin jiragen.

Ka'idodin HDL a cikin gwajin jini don wasan kwaikwayon na lipid a cikin tebur:

Bayyanannun alamun alamun LDL, TG, jimlar cholesterol a cikin rawar jinsi a cikin manya:

Menene dyslipidemia?

Dyslipidemia cuta ce ta asali ko cuta wanda aka sanya haɗin, jigilar abinci da fitowar mai daga cikin jiki. Saboda wannan, abun jininsu ya tashi.

Cutar ta cutar da jijiyoyin jini, da rage haɓakawarsu, yana ƙaruwa da yuwuwar ci gaban plaque. Da farko dai, yana da tasiri ga ci gaban atherosclerosis. Dangane da haka, yanayin yana kara yiwuwar kamuwa da bugun zuciya da bugun jini, ya kara dagula hauhawar jini, kuma samuwar duwatsu a cikin hanjin zai yiwu.

Abubuwa masu ɗumbi na iya haifar da bangon jijiyoyin jini, wanda a tsawon lokaci ya zama ya mamaye nama tare da haɗuwar nama mai haɓakar gishirin harar mai. Sakamakon irin wannan “sanwic” tarko ne mai ƙyalƙyali.

Babban yawan lipoproteins

Gwajin jini da ya tsawaita akan rawar jiki da wuya ya binciko karuwa a HDL. Wannan juzu'in bashi da cikakkiyar maida hankali. Mafi girman HDL, mafi kyau, haɗarin haɓakar atherosclerosis da duk cututtukan haɗin gwiwa an rage su. A cikin lokuta na musamman, haɓaka mai mahimmanci a cikin mai nuna alama na iya nuna ciwon hepatitis, shan giya, maye, canji a cikin hanta na yanayin cirrhotic. Wannan kwayar ce kawai ta sami damar share tsarin jijiyoyin hannu da kuma samar da maganin cututtukan mahaifa.

Lowarancin ƙaramin abu mai haɓakawa a cikin ɗakunan bincike mai zurfi shine mafi yawan gama gari. Zage-zage za a iya danganta shi da ciwon sukari, cututtukan hanji, cututtukan hanta, cututtukan koda, cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.

Rashin lafiyar lipoproteins da ƙarancin mai yawa

Idan iko na gaba na kwatankwacin jijiyoyin jini ya bayyana matakan VLDL da LDL na sama, dalilin zai iya zama:

• haila,
• tsari mai kumburi na hanji saboda kwararar hanta - cholestasis,
• na kullum na koda,
• Oncology na pancreas ko prostate,
• kiba
• barasa
• gado na gado.

Rage matakin sunadarai na wannan juzu'in ba shi da ban sha'awa ga kwararru, amma ƙarancin ƙima na iya nuna kasancewar hyperthyroidism, oncology jini, COPD, rashi bitamin B 12, da rashi acid ɗin folic. Bugu da kari, rashi na iya lalacewa ta hanyar yawan konewa da raunuka.

Menene nakasar triglycerides?

Tsarin sunadarai na triglycerides shine glycerol ester da kwayoyin guda uku na mai mai tsayi ko na matsakaici. Mafi yawancin lokuta, oleic, linolenic, myristic, ko stearic acid suna cikin halayensu. Sauƙaƙan ƙwayoyi suna da ƙananan ƙwayoyi uku na acid ɗaya, gauraye biyu ko uku.

Anara yawan matakan triglycerin da ake buƙata a cikin ƙwayar lipid yana nuna kasancewar wasu cututtuka irin su cututtukan zuciya da sankarar zuciya, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, gout, da giya.

A cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda abincinsu bai wadatar da adadin kuzari ba, akwai raunuka na ƙwayar koda ko hyperthyroidism, sigogin mahallin halitta ya zama ƙasa da al'ada.

Menene yakamata ya zama coefficient na atherogenicity

A cikin nau'ikan tsarin ilimin halittar jini na kwayar halittar lipid akwai alamomi na nuna rashin iyawar atherogenicity. Ana lissafta ƙimar ta amfani da tsari na musamman. Ka'idarsa ta yau da kullun daga 2-3 raka'a na al'ada. Nunin 3-4 yana nuna ɓarnar ci gaban hanyoyin nazarin halittu. Idan ƙimar ta wuce 4, to mara haƙuri yana buƙatar rage yawan abincin mai, yawan saka idanu akan wannan mai nuna alama akan ƙirar lipid, kuma mai yiwuwa magani.