Gwajin sukari na jini tare da kaya

Don ganewar asali na ciwon sukari mellitus, ban da ainihin gwajin don matakan glucose na jini, ana yin bincike akan nauyin. Irin wannan binciken yana ba ka damar tabbatar da kasancewar wata cuta ko kuma gano wani yanayin da ya gabace shi (ciwon suga). An nuna gwajin ga mutanen da ke da tsalle-tsalle a cikin sukari ko kuma suka kamu da cutar glycemia. Binciken ya wajaba ga mata masu juna biyu waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sankarar mahaifa. Yaya za a ba da gudummawar jini don sukari tare da kaya kuma menene al'ada?

An tsara gwajin haƙuri na glucose (gwajin jini na sukari tare da kaya) a gaban masu ciwon sukari ko a cikin ƙarin haɗarin ci gabanta. An nuna bincike don mutane masu kiba, cututtukan narkewar abinci, cututtukan hanji da kuma cututtukan endocrine. Ana ba da shawarar yin nazarin ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar sankara - rashin amsawar kwayoyin a cikin insulin, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa matakan glucose na jini ba su koma al'ada ba. Hakanan ana yin gwaji idan gwajin jini mai sauki na glucose ya nuna yana da girma sosai ko ƙarancin sakamako, haka kuma tare da wasu cututtukan ƙwayar cutar hanji a cikin mace mai ciki.

Ana ba da shawarar gwajin sukari na jini tare da kaya don mutane masu nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Yana ba ku damar saka idanu kan halin da ake ciki da kimanta magani. Abun da aka samo yana taimakawa taimako don zaɓin mafi kyawun ƙwayar insulin.

Contraindications

Jinkirta gwajin haƙuri glucose yakamata ya kasance yayin mummunan cututtukan cututtukan fata, tare da matsanancin kamuwa da cuta ko ƙone-ƙone a cikin jikin mutum. Nazarin yana contraindicated ga marasa lafiya da suka sha wahala bugun jini, myocardial infarction ko kamuwa da ciki, kazalika da mutanen da fama da cirrhosis na hanta, cututtuka na hanji da kuma tashin hankali na electrolyte daidaita. Ba lallai ba ne a gudanar da bincike a cikin wata guda bayan tiyata ko rauni, kazalika da kasancewar rashin lafiyan glucose.

Ba a bayar da shawarar gwajin jini don sukari tare da kaya don cututtukan cututtukan tsarin endocrine: thyrotoxicosis, cutar Cushing, acromegaly, pheochromocytosis, da sauransu. Contraindication ga gwajin shine amfani da kwayoyi waɗanda ke shafar matakan glucose.

Shirye-shiryen Nazarin

Don samun sakamako daidai, yana da mahimmanci a shirya yadda yakamata domin binciken. Kwana uku kafin gwajin haƙuri na glucose, kada ku iyakance kanku ga abinci kuma ku ware abinci mai karko daga menu. Abincin dole ne ya hada da burodi, dankali da Sweets.

A ƙarshen binciken, kuna buƙatar cin abinci ba tare da sa'o'i 10-12 ba kafin bincike. Lokacin shirya, yin amfani da ruwa a adadi mara iyaka.

Tsarin aiki

Ana aiwatar da nauyin Carbohydrate ta hanyoyi guda biyu: ta hanyar sarrafawa ta baka na maganin glucose ko ta hanyar allura ta hanyar jijiya. A cikin 99% na lokuta, ana amfani da hanyar farko.

Don gudanar da gwajin haƙuri na glucose, mara lafiya yana ɗaukar gwajin jini da safe a kan komai a ciki kuma ya tantance matakin sukari. Nan da nan bayan gwajin, yana buƙatar ɗaukar maganin glucose, don shiri wanda 75 g na foda da 300 ml na ruwa tsarkakakke ana buƙatar. Yana da muhimmanci a kiyaye ma'auni. Idan sashin bai yi daidai ba, ƙin glucose na iya lalacewa, kuma bayanan da aka samu za su zama ba daidai ba. Bugu da kari, ba za a iya amfani da sukari a cikin maganin ba.

Bayan awa 2, ana maimaita gwajin jini. Tsakanin gwaje-gwajen ba za ku iya ci ba da shan taba.

Idan ya cancanta, za a iya gudanar da binciken tsaka-tsaki - 30 ko minti 60 bayan cin abinci na glucose don ƙarin ƙididdigar yawan hypo- da hyperglycemic coefficients. Idan bayanan da aka samu ya bambanta da na yau da kullun, yana da mahimmanci don ware carbohydrates mai sauri daga abincin da sake ƙaddamar da gwajin bayan shekara guda.

Don matsaloli tare da narkewar abinci ko sha abubuwa, ana gudanar da maganin glucose a ciki. Hakanan ana amfani da wannan hanyar yayin gwajin a cikin mata masu juna biyu da ke fama da cutar guba. Ana kiyasta matakin sukari sau 8 a daidai wannan lokaci. Bayan samun bayanan dakin gwaje-gwaje, an ƙididdige cohefficient na glucose. A yadda aka saba, mai nuna alama ya kamata ya zama fiye da 1.3.

Yanke ƙirar gwajin jini don sukari tare da kaya

Don tabbatar ko musanta game da cutar sankarar mellitus, ana auna gullen jini, wanda aka auna a mmol / l.

LokaciBayanan farkoBayan awa 2
Fatar jiniJinin jiniFatar jiniJinin jini
Al'ada5,66,1A ƙasa 7.8
Ciwon sukari mellitusFiye da 6.1Fiye da 7Sama da 11.1

Indicarin alamu suna nuna cewa jiki ba ya ɗaukar glucose. Wannan yana ƙara nauyin a kan hanji kuma yana ƙara haɗarin haɓakar ciwon sukari.

Abubuwan da aka bayyana a kasa zasu iya tasiri amincin sakamakon.

  • Rashin bin ka'idodin tsarin aiki na jiki: tare da ƙara yawan lodi, ana iya rage sakamakon da wucin gadi, kuma a cikin rashi - a wuce gona da iri.
  • Cin rikici yayin shirya: cin abinci mai-kalori maras nauyi wanda ke ƙasa da ƙwayar carbohydrates.
  • Shan magungunan da ke shafar glucose na jini (antiepilepti, anticonvulsant, contraceptives, diuretics da beta-blockers). A ƙarshen binciken, yana da muhimmanci a sanar da likita game da maganin da ake sha.

A gaban akalla ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan rashin nasara, ana ganin sakamakon binciken ba shi da kyau, kuma ana buƙatar gwaji na biyu.

Gwajin haƙuri a lokacin gwaji

Yayin cikin ciki, jiki yana aiki a cikin yanayin haɓaka. A wannan lokacin, ana lura da canje-canje masu ƙoshin lafiya, wanda zai haifar da wuce gona da iri na cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa ko haɓaka sababbi. Mahaifa yana aiki da kwayoyin halittun da yawa waɗanda zasu iya shafar matakin glucose a cikin jini. A cikin jiki, ƙwaƙwalwar sel zuwa insulin yana raguwa, wanda zai iya haifar da haɓakar ciwon sukari na gestational.

Abubuwan da ke kara haɗarin haɓaka cutar: shekaru fiye da shekaru 35, hauhawar jini, ƙwayar cholesterol, kiba da kuma ƙaddarar jini. Bugu da kari, an nuna gwajin ga mata masu juna biyu da ke dauke da glucosuria (karin sukari a cikin fitsari), tayi mai girma (wanda aka gano yayin gwajin duban dan tayi), polyhydramnios ko kuma cutar rashin haihuwa.

Don sanin yanayin cuta a kan lokaci, kowace mace mai haila dole ne a sanya mata gwajin jini don sukari tare da kaya. Ka'idojin yin gwaji yayin daukar ciki suna da sauki.

  • Tsarin shiri na kwana uku.
  • Don bincike, ana ɗaukar jini daga jijiya a cikin gwiwar hannu.
  • Ana yin gwajin jini don sukari sau uku: a kan komai a ciki, sa'a daya da biyu bayan ɗaukar maganin glucose.

Teburin yanke shawara don gwajin jini don sukari tare da kaya a cikin mata masu ciki a mmol / l.
Bayanan farkoBayan awa 1Bayan awa 2
Al'adaA ƙasa 5.1Kasa da 10.0Kasa da 8.5
Ciwon ciki5,1–7,010.0 da sama8.5 kuma ƙari

Idan an gano cutar sankara a cikin mahaifa, an ba da shawarar matar ta maimaita karatun cikin watanni 6 bayan haihuwa.

Gwajin jini don sukari tare da kaya wata dama ce don gano lokaci mai kyau na kamuwa da cutar sankarar bargo kuma cikin nasara na rama shi ta hanyar gyara abinci da aikin jiki. Don samun ingantaccen bayanai, yana da mahimmanci a bi ƙa'idodi don shirya don gwajin da kuma tsarin aiwatarwa.

Iri na GTT

Gwajin glucose na motsa jiki ana kiransa gwajin haƙuri a jiki sau da yawa. Binciken yana taimakawa wajen kimanta yadda ake shan sukari cikin jini da sauri kuma tsawon lokacin da yake rushewa. Dangane da sakamakon binciken, likita zai iya kammalawa da sauri yadda matakin sukari ya dawo daidai bayan karɓar glucose mai narkewa. Ana yin wannan aikin koyaushe bayan shan jini a kan komai a ciki.

A yau, ana aiwatar da gwajin haƙuri na glucose ta hanyoyi biyu:

A cikin 95% na lokuta, ana yin gwajin don GTT ta amfani da gilashin glucose, wato a baki. Hanyar ta biyu ba ta da wuya a yi amfani da ita, saboda yawan amfani da bakin ruwa tare da glucose idan aka kwatanta da allura ba ya haifar da ciwo. Nazarin na GTT ta hanyar jini ana yin shi ne kawai ga marasa lafiya da rashin haƙuri a cikin su:

  • mata a cikin matsayi (saboda mummunan guba),
  • tare da cututtuka na gastrointestinal fili.

Likitan da ya ba da umarnin yin binciken zai gaya wa mara lafiya wace hanya ce ta fi dacewa a wani yanayi.

Manuniya don

Likita na iya ba da haƙuri ga mai haƙuri don ba da gudummawar jini don sukari tare da kaya a cikin waɗannan lambobin:

  • nau'in 1 ko nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Ana gudanar da gwaje-gwaje ne domin tantance ingancin tsarin maganin da aka wajabta, da kuma gano ko cutar ta lalace,
  • insulin juriya ciwo. Rashin lafiya na tasowa ne yayin da sel ba su hango kwayar halittar da sinadarin dake faruwa ta hanji,
  • lokacin haihuwar yaro (idan mace tana zargin wani nau'in cutar sankarar mahaifa),
  • gaban wuce kima jiki tare da matsakaici ci,
  • narkewar tsarin dysfunctions,
  • rushewa daga cikin gubar gland shine yake,
  • endocrine rushewa,
  • hanta dysfunction
  • kasancewar mummunan cututtukan zuciya.

Babban fa'idar gwajin haƙuri a cikin glucose shine cewa tare da taimakonsa yana yiwuwa a tantance yanayin ciwon suga a cikin mutanen da ke cikin haɗari (da alama cutar haɓakar su tana ƙaruwa sau 15). Idan kun gano cutar ta dace kuma ku fara magani, zaku iya guje wa sakamako mara kyau da rikitarwa.

Yadda za a shirya don bincike

Don gwada gwada ingantaccen taro na sukari, dole ne a bayar da gudummawar jini daidai. Dokar farko da mai haƙuri ya buƙaci tunawa shine an ɗauki jini a cikin komai a ciki, saboda haka zaku iya cinye ba aƙalla sa'o'i 10 kafin aikin ba.

Hakanan yana da kyau a la'akari da cewa murdiya mai nuna alama na yiwuwa ne saboda wasu dalilai, don haka kwanaki 3 kafin gwaji, dole ne a bi shawarar da ke gaba: iyakance yawan amfani da duk wani abin sha wanda ke kunshe da giya, cire ƙarin aiki. Kwanaki 2 kafin yin gwajin jini, ana bada shawarar ƙin ziyartar dakin motsa jiki da kuma wurin shakatawa.

Yana da mahimmanci a bar amfani da magunguna, don rage yawan ruwan 'ya'yan itace tare da sukari, muffins da kayan kwalliya, don guje wa damuwa da damuwa na damuwa. Hakanan kuma da safe a ranar aikin haramun ne shan sigari, tazama. Idan an wajabta mai haƙuri akan magani mai gudana, ya kamata a sanar da likita game da wannan.

Yaya ake aiwatar da aikin?

Gwaji don GTT abu ne mai sauki. Abun kawai rashin kyau na hanyar shine tsawon lokacinta (yawanci yakan wuce kimanin awanni 2). Bayan wannan lokacin, mai taimakawa dakin gwaje-gwaje zai iya faɗi ko mara lafiyar yana da gazawar ƙwayar ƙwayar carbohydrate. Dangane da sakamakon binciken, likita zai kammala yadda kwayoyin halittar jikin ke amsa insulin, kuma zasu iya yin bincike.

An gudanar da gwajin na GTT ne gwargwadon tsarin aikin na gaba:

  • da sanyin safiya, mara lafiya yana buƙatar zuwa wurin asibiti inda ake yin bincike. Kafin tsarin, yana da muhimmanci a bi duk ƙa'idodin da likitan da ya ba da umarnin binciken ya yi magana game da,
  • mataki na gaba - mai haƙuri yana buƙatar shan bayani na musamman. Yawancin lokaci ana shirya shi ta haɗuwa da sukari na musamman (75 g.) Tare da ruwa (250 ml.). Idan ana yin aikin don mace mai ciki, adadin babban bangaren za'a iya ɗan ƙara shi (da 15-20 g.). Ga yara, yawan canzawar glucose kuma an lasafta shi ta wannan hanyar - 1.75 g. sukari da 1 kg na nauyin yara,
  • bayan mintina 60, injiniyan dakin gwaje-gwaje ya tattara kayan tarihin don sanin ƙididdigar sukari a cikin jini. Bayan wani awa 1, ana yin gwaji na biyu na nazarin halittu, bayan an bincika wanda zai yuwu a yanke hukunci game da cewa mutum ya kamu da cuta ko kuma komai yana cikin iyakokin al'ada.

Bayyana sakamakon

Bayyanar da sakamakon da kuma bincikar cutar yakamata ayi ta ta hanyar kwararrun kwararru. Ana yin binciken ne gwargwadon abin da zai karanta karatun glucose bayan motsa jiki. Dubawa a kan komai a ciki:

  • kasa da 5.6 mmol / l - ƙimar yana tsakanin iyakoki na al'ada,
  • daga 5.6 zuwa 6 mmol / l - jihar ciwon suga. Tare da waɗannan sakamakon, an tsara ƙarin gwaje-gwaje,
  • sama da 6.1 mmol / l - ana gano mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari mellitus.

Binciken sakamako 2 sa'o'i bayan amfani da wani bayani tare da glucose:

  • kasa da 6.8 mmol / l - karancin ƙwayar cuta,
  • daga 6.8 zuwa 9.9 mmol / l - yanayin ciwon suga,
  • sama da 10 mmol / l - ciwon sukari.

Idan cutar ta fitar da isasshen insulin ko kuma sel ba su tsinkaye shi da kyau, matakin sukari zai wuce matsayin yau da kullun a gwajin. Wannan yana nuna cewa mutum yana da ciwon sukari, tunda a cikin mutane masu lafiya, bayan tsalle na farko, haɗuwa da glucose da sauri ya dawo al'ada.

Ko da gwajin ya nuna cewa matakin bangaren yana sama da yadda yake a al'ada, bai kamata ka zama cikin fushi kafin lokacin ba. Ana ɗaukar gwaji na TGG sau biyu 2 don tabbatar da sakamako na ƙarshe. Yawancin lokaci ana yin gwaji ne bayan kwanaki 3-5. Bayan wannan kawai, likitan likita zai iya samun ikon kammalawa.

GTT yayin daukar ciki

Duk wakilan daidaitaccen jima'i waɗanda ke kan kujerar, ana ƙididdige bincike don GTT ba tare da kasawa ba kuma yawanci sukan wuce shi a cikin watanni uku. Gwaji shine saboda gaskiyar cewa a lokacin gestation, mata galibi suna haɓaka ciwon suga.

Yawancin lokaci wannan ilimin yana wucewa da kansa bayan haihuwar jariri da kuma daidaitawar yanayin hormonal. Don hanzarta aiwatar da farfadowa, mace tana buƙatar jagorancin rayuwar da ta dace, saka idanu kan abinci mai gina jiki da yin wasu motsa jiki.

A yadda aka saba, a cikin mata masu juna biyu, gwaji yakamata ya bada sakamako mai zuwa:

  • a kan komai a ciki - daga 4.0 zuwa 6.1 mmol / l.,
  • 2 sa'o'i bayan shan maganin - har zuwa 7.8 mmol / L.

Abubuwan da ke nuna alamun bangaren yayin daukar ciki sun ɗan bambanta, wanda ke da alaƙa da canji a cikin yanayin hormonal da ƙara damuwa a jiki. Amma a kowane hali, maida hankali ne akan bangaren komai akan ciki bai kamata ya wuce 5.1 mmol / L ba. In ba haka ba, likita zai bincikar cutar sukari.

Ya kamata a ɗauka a cikin zuciya cewa gwajin yana gudana ne ga mata masu juna biyu kaɗan daban. Za a buƙatar bayar da jini sau 2, amma 4. Kowane samfuri na jini mai gudana ana yin sa 4 hours bayan wanda ya gabata. Dangane da lambobin da aka karɓa, likita yana yin binciken karshe. Za'a iya yin gwaje-gwaje a kowane asibiti a Moscow da sauran biranen Tarayyar Rasha.

Kammalawa

Gwajin glucose tare da kaya yana da amfani ba kawai ga mutanen da ke cikin haɗari ba, har ma ga citizensan ƙasa waɗanda ba sa korafi game da matsalolin kiwon lafiya. Irin wannan hanya mai sauki na rigakafin zai taimaka wajen gano cututtukan cikin lokaci tare da hana ci gabanta gaba. Gwaji ba shi da wahala kuma ba a tare da rashi da damuwa. Abin da kawai mummunan wannan binciken shine tsawon lokaci.

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