Umarnin don yin amfani da kwayoyi, analogues, bita

Metformin hydrochloride foda ne mai launin fari ko farar fata, wanda yake narkewa cikin ruwa kuma kusan ba shi iyawa a cikin ether, acetone, chloroform, yana da nauyin kwayoyin 165.63. Metformin hydrochloride magani ne na baki wanda ake amfani da shi daga ƙungiyar biguanide. Metformin hydrochloride yana saukar da matakin hyperglycemia, yayin da baya haifar da ci gaban hypoglycemia. Metformin hydrochloride ba shi da tasirin hypoglycemic kuma baya motsa ƙwayar insulin a cikin mutane masu lafiya, sabanin sulfonylureas. Metformin hydrochloride yana ƙaruwa da hankalin masu karɓa na yanki zuwa insulin kuma yana ƙara amfani da glucose ta sel. Metformin hydrochloride yana hana gluconeogenesis da glycogenolysis, wanda ke haifar da raguwar haɓakar glucose na hanta. Metformin hydrochloride yana hana shan glucose a cikin hanji. Metformin hydrochloride yana ƙara ƙarfin jigilar nau'ikan jigilar glucose membrane. Metformin hydrochloride yana aiki akan glycogen synthase kuma yana ƙarfafa haɗin glycogen. Metformin hydrochloride kuma yana da tasiri mai kyau akan metabolism na lipid: yana rage maida hankali kan yawan ƙwayoyin cuta, triglycerides da low lipoproteins mai yawa. Tare da yin amfani da metformin hydrochloride, ana rage nauyin jikin mai haƙuri a matsakaici ko kuma ya tabbata. Nazarin asibiti ya kuma nuna tasiri na amfani da metformin hydrochloride a matsayin prophylaxis na ciwon sukari mellitus a cikin marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari waɗanda ke da ƙarin abubuwan haɗari don haɓaka bayyanar cututtuka na 2 na ciwon sukari wanda kuma yanayin canje-canjen rayuwa bai ba da damar isasshen iko na matakan glucose mai ƙwayoyin cuta ba.
Lokacin da aka sarrafa metformin hydrochloride yana tunawa da jijiyoyin cikin ciki sosai kuma da sauri. Cikakken bioavailability na metformin hydrochloride lokacin da aka ɗauka akan komai a ciki shine kashi 50 - 60%. Matsakaicin mafi girma na metformin hydrochloride a cikin ƙwayar jini shine kimanin 2 /g / ml (15 μmol) bayan an gama 2 - 2.5. Lokacin ɗaukar metformin hydrochloride tare da abinci, shan ƙwayoyi yana raguwa da jinkirta, mafi girman taro na miyagun ƙwayoyi an rage shi da 40%, kuma yawan nasarar da aka samu yana ragewa ta hanyar minti 35. Metformin hydrochloride kusan bai ɗauka ga furotin plasma ba kuma ana rarraba shi da sauri cikin kyallen takarda. An samar da daidaituwa na metformin hydrochloride a cikin jini yana gudana cikin kwanaki 1 zuwa 2 kuma bai wuce 1 μg / ml ba. Distributionimar rarraba metformin hydrochloride (tare da amfani guda 850 na maganin) daga lita 296 zuwa 1012. Metformin hydrochloride zai iya tarawa a cikin glandan ciki, kodan, da hanta. Metformin hydrochloride yana da rauni sosai a cikin hanta kuma kodan ya keɓe shi. Addamar da koda na metformin hydrochloride a cikin mutane masu lafiya shine kusan 400 ml / min (350 zuwa 550 ml / min) (4 sau mafi girma fiye da ƙimar creatinine), wanda ke nuna kasancewar ƙwayar tubular mai aiki. Rabin rayuwar metformin hydrochloride shine kimanin awanni 6.5 (na jini) da awanni 17.6 (na jini), wannan an bambanta ta hanyar cewa metformin hydrochloride na iya tara kwayoyin halittar jini. Kwayoyin suna amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta wanda aka cire su ta hanyar tubular secretion ba su canzawa (90% a rana). A cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya, rabin rayuwar metformin hydrochloride yana ƙaruwa kuma matsakaicin ƙwayar magunguna a cikin ƙwayar jini yana ƙaruwa. A cikin gazawar koda, rabin rayuwar metformin hydrochloride yana ƙaruwa, ƙaddamar da koda ya ragu, kuma akwai haɗarin haɗuwa da miyagun ƙwayoyi. Nazarin dabbobi ta amfani da metformin hydrochloride a allurai wadanda suke sau uku sama da matsakaicin shawarar da aka bayar ga yan adam yayin da aka kirga su akan yankin jikin mutum bai bayyana cutar carcinogenic ba, mutagenic, kayan teratogenic da tasirin tasirin haihuwa.

Nau'in sukari na 2 na ciwon sukari, musamman a cikin marasa lafiya tare da kiba, tare da rashin iya aiki na jiki da maganin rage cin abinci, a matsayin monotherapy ko a hade tare da wasu magunguna na maganin hypoglycemic na baka ko insulin, rigakafin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 a cikin marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari waɗanda ke da ƙarin abubuwan haɗari don haɓaka nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na ciki, kuma a cikin abin da canje-canje a cikin rayuwar bai ba da damar samun isasshen sarrafawa na glycemic ba.
Hanyar yin amfani da metformin hydrochloride da allurai
Ana ɗaukar Metformin hydrochloride ta hanyar magana, da sashi da tsari na Metformin hydrochloride an saita ta daban-daban.
Tsofaffi a cikin monotherapy kuma tare da haɗuwa da metformin hydrochloride tare da wasu magunguna na hypoglycemic na baki don nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na sukari: yawanci farkon kashi na metformin hydrochloride shine 500 ko 850 mg 2 zuwa sau 3 a rana yayin ko bayan abinci, ana bada shawara don daidaita sashi kowane 10 zuwa 15 kwanaki bisa sakamakon auna matakin glucose a cikin jini, jinkirin karuwa a cikin kashi yana taimakawa rage girman halayen metformin hydrochloride daga tsarin narkewa, kashi na kiyayewa na metformin hydrochloride a fili yake 1,500- 2,000,000 a kowace rana a cikin allurai 2-3, matsakaicin shawarar yau da kullun na metformin hydrochloride shine 3,000 MG, ya kasu kashi uku, lokacin da kake shirin yin canji daga wani maganin maye, ka daina shan wannan magani ka fara amfani metformin hydrochloride a cikin kashi na sama.
Tsofaffi tare da haɗuwa da metformin hydrochloride tare da insulin: don cimma ingantacciyar iko na matakan glucose, metformin hydrochloride da insulin a cikin marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na type 2 ana iya amfani dashi azaman haɗakar magani, maganin farko na metformin hydrochloride shine 500 ko 850 mg sau 2-3 rana, kuma an saita kashi na insulin dangane da abubuwan glucose a cikin jini.
A cikin yara sama da shekaru 10, ana iya amfani da metformin hydrochloride a matsayin monotherapy kuma a hade tare da insulin, kashi na farko na metformin hydrochloride shine 500 ko 850 MG sau ɗaya a rana a lokacin ko bayan abinci, ya zama dole don daidaita sashin metformin hydrochloride bayan kwanaki 10 - 15 Dangane da sakamakon auna matakin glucose a cikin jini, mafi girman shawarar da aka bayar na yau da kullun na metformin hydrochloride shine 2000 mg, ya kasu kashi biyu zuwa uku.
Monotherapy tare da metformin hydrochloride dangane da ciwon suga: yawanci yau da kullun shine 1000 - 1700 MG, ya kasu kashi biyu, a lokacin ko bayan abinci, don tantance buƙatar ƙarin amfani da metformin hydrochloride, ana bada shawara don saka idanu akai-akai matakin glucose a cikin ƙwayar jini.
Za'a iya amfani da Metformin hydrochloride a cikin marasa lafiya tare da ƙarancin ƙarancin renal (tare da ƙaddamar da creatinine 45 - 59 ml / min) kawai a cikin rashin yanayin da ke kara haɗarin lactic acidosis, kashi na farko na metformin hydrochloride shine 500 MG ko 850 mg sau ɗaya a rana, matsakaicin kullun kashi na metformin hydrochloride shine 1000 mg, ya kasu kashi biyu. Dole ne a kula da yanayin aikin kodan kowane watanni 3 zuwa 6. Idan sharewar creatinine ya ragu a ƙasa 45 ml / min, amfani da metformin hydrochloride ya kamata a dakatar da shi nan da nan.
Tsofaffi marasa lafiya saboda yiwuwar nakasa yanayin aikin kodan, yakamata a samar da kashi-kashi na metformin hydrochloride a karkashin kulawar yau da kullun game da alamun aikin yara (ƙaddara yawan ƙwayoyin plasma creatinine akalla sau 2 zuwa 4 a shekara).
Ya kamata a dauki Metformin hydrochloride kowace rana, ba tare da tsangwama ba. Bayan an dakatar da magani, mara lafiyar ya kamata ya sanar da mai kula da lafiya game da wannan.
Dole ne a tabbatar da bayyanar cututtukan type 2 na ciwon sukari kafin amfani da metformin hydrochloride.
Yayin amfani da sinadarin metformin hydrochloride, ya zama dole a sanya ido a kai a kai yadda ake amfani da kodan, aikin narkewar duniya, da kuma azumi da kuma glucose a cikin jini. Musamman, saka idanu a hankali na maida hankali a cikin ƙwayar glucose ya zama dole lokacin amfani da metformin hydrochloride a haɗaka tare da sauran magungunan hypoglycemic (ciki har da insulin, repaglinide, sulfonylureas, da sauran kwayoyi).
Lactic acidosis ba kasafai ba ne, amma mai muni (babban mace-mace a cikin rashin magani na gaggawa) rikice-rikicen da zasu iya haɓakawa sakamakon tarin metformin hydrochloride. Ainihin, lactic acidosis tare da yin amfani da metformin hydrochloride wanda aka haɓaka a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari na mellitus da gazawar na koda. Sauran dalilai masu haɗari masu haɗari, kamar ketosis, decompensated diabetes mellitus, tsawaita azumi, gazawar hanta, giya, da kowane yanayin da ke da alaƙa da hypoxia, dole ne a yi la’akari da shi. Wannan na iya taimakawa wajen rage aukuwar lactic acidosis. Wajibi ne yin la'akari da haɗarin lactic acidosis tare da haɓakar alamun marasa daidaituwa, alal misali, cramps tsoka, wanda ke haɗuwa da ciwon ciki, rikicewar dyspeptik, asthenia mai tsananin. Lactic acidosis yana halin ciki na ciki, gajiyawar acidotic, numfashi tare da ƙarin coma. Sigogi na gwaje-gwajen ƙira shine raguwa a cikin pH na jini (ƙasa da 7.25), matakin plasma na lactate fiye da 5 mmol / l, haɓakar anion da rabo daga lactate zuwa pyruvate. Idan ana zargin metabolic acidosis, ya zama dole don dakatar da amfani da metformin hydrochloride kuma nan da nan tuntuɓi likita. Yayin amfani da metformin hydrochloride, ya wajaba don ƙayyade matakin plasma na lactate aƙalla sau biyu a shekara, tare da haɓakar myalgia. Tare da haɓaka taro na lactate metformin, hydrochloride an soke shi.
A cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda ke amfani da metformin hydrochloride koyaushe, yana da buƙatar tantance taro na bitamin B12 sau ɗaya a shekara saboda yuwuwar rage ƙarfin sha. Idan an gano megaloblastic anaemia yayin amfani da metformin hydrochloride, yiwuwar rage yawan shan bitamin B12 (tare da tsawanta na amfani da metformin hydrochloride).
Mafi yawan lokuta, raunin da ya faru daga tsarin narkewa yana haɓakawa a farkon lokacin amfani da metformin hydrochloride kuma a mafi yawan lokuta wuce lokaci-lokaci. Don rigakafin su, yana da shawarar shan metformin hydrochloride biyu ko sau uku a rana bayan ko lokacin abinci. Sannu a hankali ƙara yawan ƙwayar metformin hydrochloride na iya inganta haɓakar gastrointestinal na miyagun ƙwayoyi.
Yayin amfani da metformin hydrochloride, yana yiwuwa haɓaka rikice-rikice na tsarin hepatobiliary (gami da cutar hepatitis, alamu masu rauni na yanayin hanta), wanda ya ɓace gaba ɗaya bayan dakatar da maganin.
Tunda metformin hydrochloride yana cire kodan, yakamata a ƙayyade yardawar creatinine aƙalla sau ɗaya a shekara a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da aikin na al'ada, kuma aƙalla sau 2 zuwa 4 a shekara a cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya da marasa lafiya da keɓancewar creatinine a ƙarshen ƙananan al'ada. Tare da keɓancewar creatinine ƙasa da 45 ml / min, amfani da metformin hydrochloride yana contraindicated. Dole ne a yi taka tsantsan don yiwuwar rashin ƙarfi na yanayin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta a cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya, tare da yin amfani da haɗewar magungunan antihypertensive, magungunan anti-mai kumburi.
Yakamata a dakatar da Metformin hydrochloride awanni 48 kafin a fara aikin tiyata kuma ana iya cigaba da shi ba a cikin awanni 48 ba bayan an gama su, idan har aka gano cewa aikin dan asalin yayi daidai lokacin binciken.
Marasa lafiya tare da raunin zuciya ta amfani da Metformin hydrochloride suna da haɗarin haɓakar haɓakar ƙirar renal da hypoxia. Marasa lafiya tare da raunin zuciya na yau da kullun suna buƙatar saka idanu na yau da kullun na aikin zuciya da koda yayin amfani da metformin hydrochloride. Amfani da metformin hydrochloride an hana shi cikin gazawar zuciya tare da hemodynamics mara tsayayye.
A cikin gwaje-gwaje na asibiti na dindindin shekara guda, an nuna cewa metformin hydrochloride baya shafar girma da balaga. Amma saboda karancin karatu na dogon lokaci, ana ba da shawarar yin hankali sosai game da tasirin metformin hydrochloride akan waɗannan sigogi a cikin yara, musamman lokacin balaga. Yara masu shekaru 10 zuwa 12 suna buƙatar kulawa sosai.
Bayanan da aka buga, gami da bayanan tallace-tallace, da kuma bayanai daga gwaji na asibiti a cikin iyakance na yara (10 zuwa 16 years) sun nuna cewa halayen marasa kyau a cikin yara sun yi kama da tsananin ƙarfi da yanayi ga waɗanda ke cikin balagaggun marasa lafiya.
A lokacin amfani da metformin hydrochloride, ya kamata marasa lafiya su ci gaba da bin abin da ake ci tare da cin abincin koda a cikin rana. An ba da shawarar marasa lafiya masu kiba a lokacin amfani da metformin hydrochloride don ci gaba da bin abincin mai kalori (amma ba kasa da kilo 1000 a kowace rana).
Yayin amfani da metformin hydrochloride, ana yin gwaje-gwaje na gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun waɗanda suke da mahimmanci don magance ciwon sukari.
Tare da monotherapy, metformin hydrochloride ba ya haifar da hypoglycemia, amma ya kamata a yi taka tsantsan lokacin amfani dashi a cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da insulin ko wasu magungunan hypoglycemic (alal misali, maganin farfadowa, abubuwan da aka samo na sulfonylurea, da sauransu). Ya kamata a fara amfani da magani tare da metformin hydrochloride da insulin a cikin asibiti har sai an samar da isasshen kashi na kowane magani.
An bada shawarar yin amfani da metformin hydrochloride don rigakafin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na marasa lafiya a cikin marasa lafiya tare da ciwon sukari da ƙarin abubuwan haɗari don haɓakar bayyanar cutar sukari na 2 wanda ya fi kamari, kamar ƙididdigar jiki na 35 ko fiye da kilogram / m ^ 2, shekaru ƙasa da shekaru 60, tarihin ciwon sukari, babban triglycerides, tarihin iyali game da ciwon sukari a cikin dangi na farko, hauhawar jini, ƙananan cholesterol high lipoproteins mai yawa.
Babu bayanai game da mummunan tasirin maganin maganin metformin hydrochloride da aka ba da shawara akan ikon yin ayyukan haɗari masu haɗari waɗanda ke buƙatar karuwar hankali da saurin halayen psychomotor. Koyaya, tilas ne a yi taka tsantsan yayin aiwatar da waɗannan ayyukan yayin amfani da metformin hydrochloride, musamman idan aka yi amfani da su tare da sauran magunguna na hypoglycemic (repaglinide, sulfonylurea abubuwan, insulin), azaman halayen da ba su dace ba, ciki har da hypoglycemia, a cikin abin da ƙarfin ke ƙaruwa, zai yiwu Yi ayyukan haɗari masu haɗari waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakar hankali da saurin halayen psychomotor (gami da sarrafawa Lenie motocin, kayan aiki). Ya kamata ku ƙi yin waɗannan nau'ikan ayyukan a cikin haɓakar halayen masu haɗari, ciki har da hypoglycemia, a bango na amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity (ciki har da kayan taimako na miyagun ƙwayoyi), precoa masu ciwon sukari, mai ciwon sukari, mai ciwon sukari, m ko acid metabolis na rayuwa, gazawar koda ko gajiya mai aiki (tare da keɓantar da kasa da milimita 45 / min), a cikin ɗabi'ar bayyanar da wahalar bayyanuwar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ko m cututtuka da za su iya haifar da ci gaban da hypoxia nama (ciki har da na kullum zuciya rashin cin nasara tare da m hemodynamics, m gazawar zuciya, matsanancin myocardial infarction, gazawar numfashi), matsanancin yanayi wanda ke faruwa tare da haɗarin aikin ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta (ciki har da bushewar ciki (tare da amai, gudawa), cututtukan kamuwa da cuta, girgiza), gazawar hanta, aikin hanta mai rauni, yawa Ayyuka na jijiyoyi da raunin da ya faru lokacin da aka nuna maganin insulin, guba mai yawa, giya mai tsayi, lactic acidosis (gami da tarihi), amfani lokacin kwana biyu kafin kuma a cikin kwana biyu bayan raayoyin ko karatun radioisotope tare da gabatarwar wani wakili na aidin, mai dauke da karancin kalori (kasa da kilogram 1000 a rana), lactation, ciki, shekaru har zuwa 10, shekaru har zuwa shekaru 18 (dangane da amfani nau'i na sashi), marasa lafiya waɗanda ke yin aiki na zahiri na jiki (ƙara haɗarin lactic acidosis).

Haihuwa da lactation

Rashin daidaituwa na ciwon sukari mellitus a lokacin daukar ciki yana da alaƙa da haɓakar haɗarin mace-mace na haihuwa da haɓaka rikicewar nakasar yara. Limitedarancin adadi na bayanai sun nuna cewa yin amfani da metformin hydrochloride ta mata yayin daukar ciki baya ƙaruwa da haɗarin lalata cuta a cikin yara. Ba a gudanar da cikakken isasshen bincike mai zurfi game da amfani da sinadarin metformin hydrochloride yayin daukar ciki ba. Lokacin da ake shirin yin juna biyu, farawar ciki tare da yin amfani da metformin hydrochloride dangane da cutar suga da kuma ciwon sukari na cikin na biyu, ya kamata a soke metformin hydrochloride, kuma tare da ciwon sukari na mellitus na nau'in na biyu, an tsara maganin insulin. Yayin cikin ciki, yakamata a kula da yawan ƙwayar glucose a matakin da yake kusa da na al'ada, wanda ke rage haɗarin cutar tayin. Metrein hydrochloride an kebe shi a cikin madara. Babu mummunar amsawar da aka lura a cikin jarirai tare da shayarwa yayin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi. Amma saboda iyakance adadin bayanai, ba a bada shawarar yin amfani da metformin hydrochloride yayin shayarwa ba. A yayin jiyya tare da metformin hydrochloride, ya kamata a daina shayar da jarirai.

Sakamakon sakamako na metformin hydrochloride

Tsarin mara lafiyar, ƙwaƙwalwa da gabobin azanci: ku ɗanɗani cin zarafi.
Tsarin zuciya, tsarin lymphatic da jini (hemostasis, samuwar jini): megaloblastic anemia (sakamakon malabsorption na bitamin B12 da folic acid).
Tsarin narkewa: tashin zuciya, zawo, amai, ciwon ciki, rashin cin abinci, ciwan ciki, ƙyamar ciki, zafin ciki, ƙoshin ƙarfe a cikin bakin, hepatitis, matsattsen hanta na rashin ƙarfi.
Metabolism da abinci mai gina jiki: lactic acidosis (rashin bacci, rauni, bradyarrhythmia mai jurewa, hypotension, rikicewar numfashi, myalgia, ciwon ciki, hypothermia), hypoglycemia, rage shan bitamin B12 (tare da tsawaita amfani da metformin hydrochloride).
Hadakar mahaifa, mucous membranes da kasusuwa na mahaifa: fatawar halayen fata, itching fata, erythema, dermatitis, kurji.

Yin hulɗa da metformin hydrochloride tare da sauran abubuwa

Tare da gazawar aikin koda na aiki a cikin marasa lafiya tare da ciwon sukari na mellitus, gwajin rediyo ta amfani da magungunan iodine wanda ke dauke da maganin radiopaque na iya haifar da ci gaban lactic acidosis. Don haka, yakamata a daina amfani da metformin hydrochloride gwargwadon yanayin aikin kodan 48 hours kafin ko a lokacin gwajin X-ray ta amfani da ioineine mai dauke da shirye-shiryen iodine kuma ba za'a sake farfadowa ba a cikin awanni 48 bayan binciken, idan har anyi gwajin an gano yanayin aikin kodan an gano shi. na al'ada. Haɗakar amfani da metformin hydrochloride da aidin-mai dauke da shirye-shiryen rigakafi an hana shi ƙasa da kwana biyu kafin kuma a cikin kwana biyu bayan karatun rediyo ko radioisotope.
Tare da yin amfani da metformin hydrochloride a cikin maye na shan giya, haɗarin haɓakar lactic acidosis yana ƙaruwa, musamman tare da gazawar hanta, rashin abinci mai gina jiki, da rage yawan kalori. Ba a bada shawarar yin amfani da haɗarin metformin hydrochloride da barasa ba. Yayin shan metformin hydrochloride, barasa da kwayoyi masu ɗauke da ethanol ya kamata a guji shi. Metformin hydrochloride bai dace da barasa ba saboda haɗarin lactic acidosis.
Ba a bada shawarar haɗakar amfani da metformin hydrochloride da danazole don guje wa tasirin sakamako na ƙarshen ta ƙarshe. Idan ya cancanta, haɗuwa da metformin hydrochloride da danazole, kuma bayan dakatar da ƙarshen, daidaita sikelin metformin hydrochloride ya zama dole a ƙarƙashin ikon matakan glucose na mai. A lokacin yin amfani da metformin hydrochloride da danazole, tilas ne a yi taka tsantsan, ana buƙatar ƙarin sa ido akai-akai na narkar da glucose, musamman a farkon jiyya.
Chlorpromazine lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin manyan allurai (100 MG kowace rana) yana ƙara yawan abubuwan glucose a cikin ƙwayar jini ta rage ƙaddamar da insulin. Tare da yin amfani da metformin hydrochloride da antipsychotics kuma bayan dakatar da ci na ƙarshen, daidaita sashi na metformin hydrochloride ya zama dole a ƙarƙashin kulawar maida hankali na glucose. Yayin haɗin gwiwa na metformin hydrochloride da antipsychotics, dole ne a kula, ana buƙatar ƙarin sa ido akai-akai na ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar jini, musamman a farkon jiyya.
Magungunan glucocorticosteroids na gida da na tsari suna rage haƙuri, haɓaka glucose, a wasu lokuta suna haifar da ketosis. Tare da haɗakar amfani da metformin hydrochloride da glucocorticosteroids kuma bayan dakatar da ƙarshen, daidaita sashi na metformin hydrochloride ya zama dole a ƙarƙashin kulawar maida hankali na glucose a cikin ƙwayar jini. Yayin haɗakar amfani da metformin hydrochloride da glucocorticosteroids, dole ne a kula, ana buƙatar ƙarin sa ido akai-akai na yawan tasirin glucose, musamman a farkon jiyya.
Tare da haɗuwa da metformin hydrochloride da madauki dip, lactic acidosis na iya haɓaka saboda aikin renal mai rauni. Bai kamata a yi amfani da Metformin tare da madaidaitan dip ba idan ƙirar creatinine ta ƙasa da 60 ml / min. Tare da yin amfani da haɗuwa da metformin hydrochloride da kuma madauki, ana buƙatar ƙarin sa ido akai-akai na yawan tasirin glucose, musamman a farkon farfaɗo. Idan ya cancanta, za a iya daidaita kashi na metformin hydrochloride yayin amfani da haɗin gwiwa da kuma bayan dakatarwa.
Nazarin hulɗa tare da kashi ɗaya a cikin masu ba da agaji na lafiya ya nuna cewa furosemide yana ƙaruwa da yawan ƙwayar plasma (da kashi 22%) da yanki a ƙarƙashin taro na pharmacokinetic curve - lokaci (15%) na metformin hydrochloride (ba tare da manyan canje-canje a ƙaddamar da rabuwa na metformin hydrochloride), yayin da metformin hydrochloride yana rage matsakaicin ƙwayar plasma (da kashi 31%), yanki a ƙarƙashin tsarin kula da lokacin harhada magunguna (da kashi 12%) da rabin rayuwa (ta hanyar 32%) na furosemide (ba tare da muhimmaci ba) canje-canje a koda yarda da furosemide). Babu bayanai game da ma'amala na furosemide da metformin hydrochloride tare da amfani na tsawan lokaci.
Beta-2-adrenergic agonists for parenteral management ƙara yawan taro na glucose a cikin jini, yana ƙarfafa masu karɓar beta-2-adrenergic. Tare da haɗakar amfani da metformin hydrochloride da beta-2-adrenergic agonists, ya zama dole don sarrafa taro na glucose a cikin ƙwayar jini, kuma idan ya cancanta, ana bada shawarar yin insulin. Tare da yin amfani da haɗuwa da metformin hydrochloride da beta-2-adrenergic agonists, ana buƙatar ƙarin sa ido akai-akai na yawan tasirin glucose, musamman a farkon farawa. Idan ya cancanta, za a iya daidaita kashi na metformin hydrochloride yayin amfani da haɗin gwiwa da kuma bayan dakatarwa.
Magungunan rigakafin ƙwayoyi, ban da angiotensin da ke canza masu hana enzyme, na iya rage matakan glucose. Idan ya cancanta, yin amfani da haɗin magungunan antihypertensive da metformin hydrochloride, dole ne a kula kuma a daidaita sashi na metformin hydrochloride.
Tare da haɗakar yin amfani da metformin hydrochloride tare da insulin, abubuwan da suka samo asali na sulfonylurea, salicylates, acarbose, haɓakar cutar hypoglycemia mai yiwuwa ne. Idan ya zama dole a hada amfani da wadannan magungunan da kuma metformin hydrochloride, dole ne a kula.
Nifedipine, lokacin amfani dashi tare, yana haɓaka ɗaukar matsakaici da matsakaiciyar ƙwayar plasma na metformin hydrochloride, taka tsantsan ya zama dole lokacin da aka haɗa shi da nifedipine da metformin hydrochloride. A cikin kashi ɗaya a cikin masu ba da agaji na lafiya, nifedipine ya karu da haɓaka, matsakaiciyar ƙwayar plasma (da kashi 20%) da kuma yankin ƙarƙashin taro na pharmacokinetic - lokaci (9%) na metformin hydrochloride, yayin da lokacin isa mafi girma maida hankali ne da rabin rayuwar metformin hydrochloride bai canza ba.
Magungunan cationic (ciki har da digoxin, amiloride, morphine, procainamide, quinidine, ranitidine, quinine, trimethoprim, triamteren, vancomycin) suna ɓoye a cikin tubules na koda kuma, lokacin amfani dasu tare, gasa tare da metformin hydrochloride don tsarin jigilar tubular kuma zai iya ƙara matsakaicin maida hankali na plasma 60 %) metformin hydrochloride. Idan ya zama dole a hada amfani da wadannan magungunan da kuma metformin hydrochloride, dole ne a kula.
Lokacin da aka haɗu, cimetidine yana rage jinkirin kawar da metformin hydrochloride, wanda ke kara haɗarin lactic acidosis.
Metformin hydrochloride na iya rage yawan cyanocobalamin (bitamin B12).
Sakamakon metformin hydrochloride ya raunana ta hanyar diuretics, phenothiazines, glucocorticosteroids, glucagon, estrogens (ciki har da wani ɓangare na hana hana haifuwa), hormones na thyroid, phenytoin, epinephrine, alluran antagonists, nicotinic acid, isoniazid, sympathomimetics.
Tasirin hypoglycemic na metformin hydrochloride an inganta shi ta hanyar abubuwan da suka dace na sulfonylurea, insulin, acarbose, magungunan anti-steroidal anti-inflammatory, oxygentetracycline, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, angiotensin canza enzyme inhibitors, cyclophosphamide, clofibrenobrate, beta beta.
Tare da haɗuwa da metformin hydrochloride da azilsartan medoxomil, ba a lura da ma'amala da magunguna.

Yawan abin sama da ya kamata

Tare da yin amfani da metformin hydrochloride a kashi na 85 g, babu wani ci gaban hypoglycemia, amma a wannan yanayin lactic acidosis ya inganta, wanda ya bayyana ta hanyar tashin zuciya, amai, zawo, zazzabi, zafin ciki, zafin makogwaro, saurin numfashi, farin ciki, sanyin gwiwa, hankali. . Mahimmancin overdoses na metformin hydrochloride ko abubuwan haɗari masu haɗari na iya haifar da haɓakar lactic acidosis.
Jiyya: lokacin ɗaukar mai yawa na metformin hydrochloride, lavage na ciki ya zama dole, idan alamun lactic acidosis ya bayyana, metformin hydrochloride far ya kamata a dakatar da shi nan da nan, dole ne a kwantar da mai haƙuri cikin gaggawa kuma an ƙaddamar da lactate, ƙimar mafi inganci don cire metformin hydrochloride da lactate shine hemodialysis, da kuma alamomi far, wajibi ne don sarrafa taro na glucose, creatinine, urea, lactate, electrolytes a cikin magani Otke jini. Babu takamaiman maganin rigakafi.

Sunayen kasuwanci don kwayoyi tare da sinadaran metformin hydrochloride

Bagomet®
Glyformin®
Glyformin Prolong®
Glucofage®
Glucofage® Dogon
Diasphor
Diaformin® OD
Langerine®
Methadiene
Metospanin
Metfogamma® 500
Metfogamma® 850
Metfogamma® 1000
Metformin
Metformin Zentiva
Canform na Canform
Metformin tsawo
Metformin MV-Teva
Metformin Novartis
Metformin Sandoz®
Metformin Richter
Metformin teva
Metformin hydrochloride
Nova Sanda
NovoFormin®
Siofor® 500
Siofor® 850
Siofor® 1000
Sofamet®
Formin®
Tsarin Pliva

Hadin magunguna:
Vildagliptin + Metformin hydrochloride: Galvus Met,
Glibenclamide + Metformin hydrochloride: Bagomet Plus®, Glibomet®, Glucovans®, Gluconorm®, Metglib®, Rikicin Metglib®,
Glyclazide + Metformin hydrochloride: Glimecomb®,
Glimepiride + Metformin hydrochloride: Amaryl® M,
Linagliptin + Metformin hydrochloride: Gentadueto®,
Metformin hydrochloride + Rosiglitazone: Avandamet,
Metformin hydrochloride + Saksagliptin: Combogliz Prolong®,
Metformin hydrochloride + Sibutramine + Microcrystalline cellulose: Reduxin® Met,
Metformin hydrochloride + Sitagliptin: Janumet.

Shiri da kaddarorin kayan

Metformin an fara bayyana shi a cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya a 1922 ta Emil Werner da James Bell a matsayin samfuri a cikin haɗin N, N-dimethylguanidine. A cikin 1929, Slotta da Cheshe sun gano tasirin saurin sukari a cikin zomaye, lura da cewa shi ne mafi ƙarfin biguanides da suka yi karatu. An manta da waɗannan sakamakon, kamar yadda sauran ayyukan analogues na guanidine, kamar synthalin, a cikin sanannen insulin.

Sha'awar metformin, duk da haka, ya dawo a ƙarshen 1940s.A shekara ta 1950, an gano cewa metformin, sabanin wasu mahadi iri daya, baya rage karfin hawan jini da bugun zuciya a cikin dabbobi. A wannan shekarar, likitan Philippine Eusebio Garcia yayi amfani da metformin (wanda ya kira dabaru) don maganin mura. Ya lura cewa miyagun ƙwayoyi "yana rage sukari da jini zuwa matakin ƙarancin ilimin halittar jiki" a cikin lura da marasa lafiya kuma ba shi da guba. Har ila yau, Garcia ya yi imani da cewa metformin yana da ƙwayoyin cuta, antiviral, antimalarial, antipyretic, da tasirin maganganu. A cikin jerin kasidu a cikin 1954, masanin ilimin harhada magunguna na Poland Janusz Supnevsky ya kasa tabbatar da yawancin wadannan tasirin, ciki har da rage karfin sukari na jini, amma ya lura da wasu tasirin rigakafi a cikin mutane.

A Asibitin Salpetriere, masanin ilimin diabeto na Faransa Jean Stern ya yi nazari kan kayan rage-sukari na galegin (wanda aka ware shi daga kantin na akuya), da tsarin hade shi da metformin, sannan ya sanya ido a kan amfani da shi na ɗan gajeran lokaci a matsayin wakilin maganin cututtukan fata kafin a samar da haɓaka. Daga baya, yayin da yake aiki a dakunan gwaje-gwaje na Aron a Paris, ya sake nazarin ayyukan rage sukari na metformin da wasu abubuwa masu kama da yawa. Stern shi ne farkon wanda ya yi ƙoƙarin yin amfani da metformin don maganin cututtukan ƙwayar cuta a cikin mutane, ya buga sunan "Glucophagus" (Eng. "Glucophage"-" mai son gulukos ") ga wannan magani kuma ya buga sakamakon sa a 1957.

Metformin ya kasance a cikin Tsarin Britishasa ta Burtaniya a 1958 kuma an fara sayar dashi a Burtaniya.

Rashin sha'awar metformin ya farfado ne kawai bayan karɓar wasu biguanides daga wurare dabam dabam na ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin 1970s. An amince da Metformin a cikin Kanada a cikin 1972, kuma a Amurka FDA ta amince da ita don maganin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 kawai a shekarar 1994. An ba da lasisi ta Bristol-Myers Squibb, Glucophage shine sunan kasuwanci na farko don sayar da metformin a Amurka daga 3 ga Maris, 1995. A yanzu haka ana samun kwayoyin halitta a cikin kasashe da yawa, kuma ana ganin metformin shine mafi magungunan maganin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata da ake amfani dasu a duk duniya.

Shiri da kaddarorin gyaran kaya |Menene Metformin?

"Metformin" da analogues - magungunan hypoglycemic da aka wajabta a cikin lura da ciwon sukari - da farko nau'in na biyu, amma a wasu lokuta, ana ɗaukar miyagun ƙwayoyi da nau'in farko. Tun lokacin da aka gabatar da shi a cikin 1957, Metformin ya kasance mafi kyawun ƙwayoyi a cikin lura da ciwon sukari, musamman tare da rikitarwa kamar kiba. Insulin yana inganta adon mai, kuma Metformin, yana rage yawan insulin a cikin jiki, yana taimakawa kawar dashi. Yana faruwa ne saboda wannan matakin da mutane da yawa ke amfani da Metformin azaman kwayoyin abinci.

Abun da ke ciki na allunan "Metformin"

Abun da ke ciki na allunan sun hada da sinadarin metformin hydrochloride mai aiki, wanda aka sanya shi daga abubuwan halitta wadanda aka samo su daga itacen Faransa na lilac da tushen akuya. Wadanda suka rage magungunan sune talc, sitaci masara, magnesium stearate, titanium dioxide, da povidone K90, crospovidone da macrogol 6000.

Alamu don Metformin

Da farko dai, “Metformin” - allunan da aka wajabta don nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na sukari ba tare da nuna halin ketoacidosis ba (rashin karfin metabolism na rashin insulin). An nuna magunguna musamman ga marasa lafiya masu kiba, idan hanyoyin rage cin abinci ba su da tasiri. Hakanan, tare da kiba, ana iya tsara shi tare da insulin.

Tare da irin wannan cuta kamar mellitus na ciwon sukari, allunan Metformin an wajabta su duka biyu azaman magani mai zaman kanta, kuma a haɗe tare da magunguna masu rage sukari na wasu ƙungiyoyi, idan muna magana akan nau'in na biyu. A nau'in farko, an wajabta shi azaman ƙari ga babban maganin insulin.

Karatuttukan kimiyya da aka yi kwanan nan sun nuna cewa ana amfani da Metformin cikin nasara a cikin maganin cututtukan oncology da ke tattare da cutar sankara.

Metformin aikin

Metformin yana ƙaruwa da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin zuwa insulin. Matsayin glucose na jini da matakan cholesterol suna raguwa. Abubuwan da ke amfani da magungunan suna aiki da ƙoshin abu mai ƙoshin mai, kada a bar carbohydrates su sha, kuma hakan ya hana tara yawan mai a jiki.

Insulin yana fara aiwatar da adon mai, musamman ma a wuraren da aka sami matsala (musamman akan ciki). Sabili da haka, yawancin abubuwan cin abinci suna dogara ne akan cire abincin da ke ƙara matakan sukari daga abincin. Metformin kuma yana hana yunwar ta insulin.

Fitar saki da sashi

"Metformin" - allunan da aka hada da 500, 850 da 1000 MG, waɗanda suke cikin blister na guda 10 kowane, fararen fata ne. Maganin yana farawa ne ta hanyar 500-1000 MG kowace rana, wato, allunan 1-2. Sashi, dangane da matakin sukari a cikin jini, ana iya haɓaka shi a hankali bayan kwanakin farko na 10-15 na maganin, amma ba fiye da 3000 MG kowace rana ba. Adadin kulawa shine 1000-2000 MG (Allunan 3-4). Umarnin "Metformin" shima ba ya bada shawarar shan a sigar fiye da 1000 MG kowace rana ga tsofaffi.

Allunan ana shan su duka a lokacin abinci ko bayan abinci, a wanke da ruwa. Wasu lokuta tambaya tana tambaya game da ko kwamfutar hannu ("Metformin") za'a iya raba su rabi. Idan muna magana ne game da kashi na 500 MG, to wannan ba shi da kyau, tunda ƙananan ƙwayar cuta ba ya ba da tasirin da ake so, kuma ba a ba da shawarar warware membrane idan ya rufe kwamfutar hannu. Idan kawai yana da wuyar hadiye saboda girman sa, to ana iya rarrabu kashi biyu kuma a ɗau kashi - amma nan da nan, wani sashi bayan wani.

Tun da Metformin na iya ba da sakamako masu illa a cikin jijiyoyin ciki, bai kamata a sha maganin yau da kullun ba, amma cikin allurai biyu ko uku yayin rana, zai fi dacewa da abinci. Idan an lura da rikitaccen damuwa na rayuwa, dole a rage kashi.

Idan har zaku sha wasu magunguna a daidai lokacin da kuke ɗaukar Metformin (allunan), umarnin don amfani ya ƙunshi bayani game da waɗanne magunguna za'a iya haɗuwa tare da Metformin kuma wanda ba zai iya ba. Hakanan wajibi ne don tattaunawa tare da likitan ku game da hulɗa da magunguna daban-daban tare da Metformin.

A mafi yawan lokuta, marasa lafiya suna da sha'awar analogues na kwayoyi - mai rahusa ko mafi inganci, gami da idan suna buƙatar magungunan kwayar cutar sankara. "Metformin" yana da analogues da yawa waɗanda ke da irin wannan manufa ta aiki. Da farko dai, waɗannan sune Glucofage da Siofor, ɗayan shahararrun hanyoyin maye gurbin Metformin, da kuma wasu magunguna daban-daban waɗanda suke da kayan aiki iri ɗaya, sakamakon wanda suke aiki iri ɗaya a jiki kuma suna da alamomi iri ɗaya don amfani dashi Allformin Allunan. Ana iya karanta bita na analogues akan Intanet, Hakanan zaka iya kwatanta umarnin don amfani don zana yanke hukunci da kuma zabi mafi kyawun magani.

Analogs na Metformin sune:

Bagomet,
Hexal
Glycon,
Gliminfor,
Metospanin
"Metfogamma" (500, 850, 1000),
Nova Sanda
NovoFormin
Sofamet
"Kayan tsari" da wasunsu.
Siofor (500, 850, 1000) - magani ne da aka yi amfani da shi a baki, yana da tasirin hypoglycemic, ingantacciyar sauyawa don allurar insulin.

Amma game da Glucofage, yana da tsada sosai fiye da Metformin, amma lokacin da aka karɓa, marasa lafiya sune kashi 50 cikin ƙasa da wuya su sha wahala daga rikice-rikice na tsarin gastrointestinal. "Glucophage" an nuna shi don nau'in ciwon sukari na biyu, ana amfani dashi duka daban-daban kuma a hade tare da wasu kwayoyi. Bambancin "Glucophage tsawon" yana da tsawon lokacin inganci.

Ainihin, duk waɗannan magunguna suna da ra'ayi iri ɗaya na fallasa ga jiki, tunda suna da abu ɗaya mai aiki a cikin tushen su.

Hakanan akwai abinci mai gina jiki wanda ke taimakawa rage matakan glucose na jini:

"Vijar" (kuma yana rage cholesterol, yana kunna tsarin rigakafi, yana hana haɓakar kamuwa da kwayar cuta da kwayan cuta),
"Spirulina" (yana da amfani ga cuta na rayuwa, a cikin yaƙar ƙima mai yawa),
Glucberry (rage haɗarin rikitarwa na ciwon sukari) da sauransu.

Koyaya, kayan abinci na abinci ba za a iya ɗauka su zama cikakke don maye gurbin ƙwayar ba, ana iya amfani dasu azaman ƙari ga babban magani. Bugu da kari, kafin shan kayan abinci, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓi likita game da wannan.

"Metformin" don ciwon sukari

"Metformin" shine ɗayan mafi kyawun magungunan antidiabetic a yau. Yana da tasiri sosai a cikin jiyya na nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, ana iya ɗaukar shi tare da insulin, kuma an zaɓi kashi gwargwadon yawan glucose a cikin jini.

A cikin lura da ciwon sukari, yana dakatar da glucogenesis ba tare da ya shafi matakin insulin a cikin jini ba. Hakanan yana haɓaka wurare dabam dabam na jini a cikin hanta, saboda wanda glucose da sauri ya juya ya zama glycogen.

A cikin lura da nau'in ciwon sukari na biyu, ana iya tsara Metformin don rayuwa. Idan an ayyana shi a hade tare da sauran ma'aikatan hypoglycemic, yana da mahimmanci a sanya idanu a kan matakan glucose don guje wa hypoglycemia. Tare da keɓaɓɓen kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi, hypoglycemia ba ya haɓaka.

Bugu da kari, ana amfani dashi wajen kula da marasa lafiya masu kiba, wanda yawanci yana tare da ciwon suga, saboda yana hana ci abinci da rage shan glucose daga abinci a cikin narkewar abinci.

A nau'in farko, ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi azaman mai alaƙa da insulin da sauran magungunan masu ciwon sukari; daban, ana iya ɗauka kawai don ciwon sukari na 2. A farkon farawa tare da Metformin, dole ne a dakatar da gudanarwar sauran wakilai na hypoglycemic.

Jiyya tare da Metformin kuma yana da amfani mai amfani a gaban cututtukan metabolism da nakasa metabolism.

Cutar mahaifa cuta ce ta jiki wanda a hade yake da abubuwa da yawa: metabolism din yana rauni, mara lafiyar yana fama da hauhawar jijiya, kiba, da sauransu. Ciwon yana tattare da haɗarin haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya. A zuciyar wannan yanayin shine juriyawar insulin, wanda, bisa ga binciken kimiyya na kwanan nan, yana da alaƙa ta kusa da ciwon sukari da lalacewar jijiyoyin jiki.

Amma game da rikicewar ƙwayar cuta ta hanta, sakamakon binciken da aka gano cewa an rage matakin triglycerides, jimlar cholesterol da LDL idan kun ɗauki allunan ciwon sukari na Metformin. Bayanin masana kimiyya game da wannan magunguna har ila yau yana dauke da bayani game da fa'idarsa a cikin rigakafin kamuwa da cututtukan type 2 wanda ya saba da haƙurin carbohydrates.

"Metformin" don asarar nauyi

Abubuwan da ke cikin musamman na miyagun ƙwayoyi da kuma tabbatar da asarar nauyi a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari sun haifar da gaskiyar cewa Metformin ya zama sananne a cikin waɗanda suke son rasa nauyi.

Duk da gaskiyar cewa maganin yana fara ayyukan da ke taimakawa ƙona kitse mai yawa da hana sabon kitsen mai daga tsari, yakamata a yi amfani dashi tare da kulawa da mutanen da ba masu ciwon sukari ba, kuma yana da mahimmanci a la'akari da yanayi da yawa.

Da farko dai, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa miyagun ƙwayoyi da kanta ba ta ƙona kitse, amma yana taimakawa kawai don amfani da abubuwan wuce haddi idan har ila yau suna haɗuwa da ayyukan motsa jiki da abinci na musamman. "Metformin" - Allunan ba kayan alamu bane, amma ƙarin kayan aiki ne. Ko da a tsakanin likitocin babu wani bambanci ra'ayi game da wanda zai iya ɗaukar allunan Metformin: amfanin da lahani na jikin mutum daga wannan ƙwayar ya kamata a kimanta daban-daban a kowane yanayi. Wasu likitoci suna ba da shi don mai haƙuri ya rasa nauyi cikin sauri, wasu suna ɗaukar cutarwa ga jiki sosai. Saboda haka, lokacin da aka rasa nauyi tare da taimakon Metformin, jarrabawar farko da kuma shawarar kwararrun ya zama dole domin yanke hukuncin da ya dace.

Na gaba, kuna buƙatar yin la'akari da adadin contraindications. Misali, idan kana da nau'in 1 ko nau'in ciwon sukari guda 2 ba tare da samarda insulin ba, zaka iya rubanya Metformin kuma ka magance matsaloli tare da asarar nauyi kawai tare da taimakon endocrinologist.

A kowane hali ya kamata ku sha magani don koda, zuciya, gazawar bugun zuciya, cutar hanta, anemia.

Ba za a iya amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba lokacin da jikin ya raunana - bayan gudanar da ayyuka, raunin da ya faru, mummunan cututtuka, ya kamata a guji shi yayin cututtukan m.

Haramun ne a dauki "Metformin" idan kun bi tsarin kalori mai ƙima.

Babban hanyoyin da ke faruwa a jikin mutum dangane da tushen aikin Metformin kuma suna taimakawa asarar nauyi sune:

saurin hadawar abu mai guba
rage yawan ƙwayar carbohydrate
mafi kyawun glucose da ƙwayar tsoka
rage yunwar, sakamakon hakan yana haifar da raguwar nauyin jiki.

Tare da asarar nauyi mara nauyi tare da wannan ƙwayar cuta, tasirin sakamako yana da yawa, musamman idan kun ɗauki mafi girma fiye da yadda umarnin ya ba da izini. Baya ga mahimmancin matsalolin gastrointestinal, zaku iya zama mai rauni, rudewa, hanji, lactic acidosis da sauran cututtukan cuta masu mahimmanci na iya haɓaka.

Hakanan, lokacin shan Metformin, dole ne ku bi tsarin abincin. Ya ban da Sweets, taliya, dankali, ruhohi. Abinci ya kamata ya zama na yau da kullun, bai kamata ku ji matsananciyar yunwa ba, amma a lokaci guda, ƙimar abinci mai gina jiki kada ta wuce 2500 kcal a rana. A wannan lokacin, kuna buƙatar sha kamar yadda zai yiwu yadda ake fara ruwa na yau da kullun.

Duk da cewa Metformin yana kawar da buƙata ta shiga cikin motsa jiki na jiki, wannan ba yana nufin cewa za'a iya gujewa duk wani aiki na jiki ba. Darasi na safiya, ayyukan waje, dagewa ta jiki gaba ɗaya hade da ƙwayoyi zai taimaka wajen kawar da kiba mai yawa sosai. Kada ku fatan Metformin zaiyi muku komai ba tare da wani ƙarin ƙoƙari akan ku ba!

Kada ku shiga cikin ƙwayoyi kuma kuyi amfani da shi bisa mizanin "mafi ƙoshin lafiya": bai kamata ku wuce sashi ba idan kuna shan Metformin (Allunan). Jagorori don amfani suna ba da bayyanannun umarni akan iyakar adadin samfurin, idan ba'a lura dashi ba, zai iya cutar da jiki sosai. Bugu da kari, ana iya ɗaukar wannan magani bai wuce wata uku ba, to kuna buƙatar ɗaukar hutu.

Yanzu zaku iya samun sake dubawa da yawa na waɗanda suka sha magungunan rage cin abinci na Metformin. Abubuwan sake dubawa sun bambanta sosai: wani ya rabu da kitsen mai da sauri kuma na dogon lokaci, wani ya hana shi halaye marasa kyau ko sakamako masu illa. Amma gabaɗaya, zamu iya yanke hukuncin cewa waɗanda Metformin suka taimaka suka ɗauke shi a ƙarƙashin kulawar likita, bayan gwaje-gwaje, yayin da suke riƙe da abincin da yakamata kuma ba sakaci da motsa jiki ba.

Contraindications zuwa Metformin

Kafin fara amfani da maganin Metformin, ba tare da la'akari da ko kuna da ciwon sukari ba ko kuna son asarar nauyi, kuna buƙatar sanin kanku tare da jerin abubuwan contraindications masu ban sha'awa kuma ku nemi likita.

Contraindications sun hada da na koda, bugun zuciya, gazawar huhu, matsanancin cututtukan hanta da hanji biliary, cututtukan cututtukan jiki da na gabobin jiki. Ba za a iya shan miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin tashin hankali bayan tashin hankali da na bayan haihuwa ba, har ma bayan myocardial infarction a cikin lokacin farfaɗo. Yarda da "Metformin" yana contraindicated a cikin cututtuka da mai kumburi da exacerbations na kowane cututtuka na kullum, mai tsanani siffofin anemia.

An haramta amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a lokacin daukar ciki da lactation. Lokacin da ake shirin yin ciki ko abin da ya faru yayin ɗaukar Metformin, dole ne a watsar da miyagun ƙwayoyi kuma ya sauya zuwa ilimin insulin. Rashin shan nono, idan har akwai bukatar magani tare da Metformin, to ya kamata a soke shi, saboda babu wata hujja game da tasirin kwayar a madarar nono, amma koda karamin sashi na maganin da yake shiga madara yana da hadari ga jariri, saboda shekarun shi 18 yana daga cikin contraindications shekaru. "Ba a wajabta" Metformin "ba don yara da matasa masu shekaru masu shekaru 18 da haihuwa.

Hakanan, "Metformin" ba za a iya ɗauka don shan giya da mummunar guba ba. Gabaɗaya, yakamata ka ƙi shan giya da magungunan ethanol waɗanda suke ƙunsar idan kana shan Metformin. Haƙiƙar ita ce haɗuwar ethanol da metformin ko da a cikin ƙananan allurai suna tsokani saurin ci gaba na lactocytosis, har zuwa sakamako mai cutarwa.

Yana da haɗari don ɗaukar "Metformin" tare da kullun low-kalori da "abinci".

Ba za a iya ɗaukar shi ga mutanen da suka wuce shekaru 60 ba idan suna yin aiki na jiki, don guje wa ci gaban lactic acidosis.

A lokacin jiyya, marasa lafiya suna buƙatar saka idanu akan aikin renal, saka idanu kan matakin lactate plasma, serum creatinine.

Sakamakon sakamako na miyagun ƙwayoyi

"Metformin" yana tsokanar sakamako masu illa. Sabili da haka, a lokacin maganin jiyya, ya zama dole a hankali lura da yanayin jikin ku kuma idan kuna da gunaguni, tuntuɓi likita nan da nan, musamman idan kuna shan magungunan ba bisa ga alamu da takardar sayen magani ba, amma akan kanku.

Da farko dai, miyagun ƙwayoyi suna haifar da matsala daga ƙwayar gastrointestinal. A wannan yanayin, irin bayyananniyar rashin jin daɗi kamar:

tashin zuciya
tsananin amai
m zawo
rashin tsoro
asarar ci
bayyanar a bakin dandano mai narkewa,
bayyanar zafin ciki.

Hakanan mai haƙuri na iya koka game da gazawar numfashi, tachycardia, rashes da peeling a kan fata, sau da yawa tare da itching.

Rarearancin butarancin amma mai haɗari shine lactic acidosis. Tare da lactic acidosis, lactic acid ya shiga cikin jini, alamomin farko na cutar sune rauni, rashin barci, ƙaruwa mai yawa, kara tashin zuciya, da amai.

Tare da yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi na tsawan lokaci, zazzage hanta mai yiwuwa ne.

Idan kun lura da akalla ɗayan waɗannan alamun, ya kamata ku nemi shawarar likita nan da nan, kuna gaya masa cewa kuna shan allunan Metformin. Amfani da cutarwa ga jiki a wannan yanayin na iya zama mara daidaituwa, wataƙila ba za ku buƙaci shan magungunan ba kuma kuna buƙatar samun wani zaɓi don magani ko asarar nauyi.

"Metformin" - kwayoyi mafi inganci don maganin ciwon sukari na 2. "Metformin" shima yana taimakawa wajen rage nauyi, amma yana da kyau a tuna cewa wannan magani ba panacea bane, bazai maye gurbin abinci mai karancin-abinci ba da kuma motsa jiki. Dole ne a haɗu da maganin "Metformin" tare da saka idanu kan matakin glucose a cikin jini da ƙin halayen marasa kyau, gami da abinci. Idan kuna son rasa nauyi tare da shi, kada ku daina motsa jiki, ku ci dama kuma kar ku manta cewa da farko magani ne mai mahimmanci, an tsara shi don yaƙar ciwon sukari, saboda haka kuna buƙatar ɗaukar shi a hankali kuma kawai bayan tuntuɓar likita.