Cutar cutar sankarau a cikin yara da manya: sanadin sakamako

Cutar sankarau a cikin yara cuta ce mai wuya. Cutar sankarau na haɓaka ta sanadiyyar sakamakon haɓaka mai yawa a cikin ƙwayar carbohydrates a cikin jinin wanda aka azabtar. Babban dalilin ci gaban kwayar cutar sankarau a cikin yara shine bayyanuwar nau'in ciwon sukari na 1. Sakamakon cututtukan hyperglycemia, akwai keta haddi mai yawa na trophism na kwakwalwa da kuma hana tsarin juyayi na tsakiya.

Hoton asibiti da alamu

Tasirin abubuwanda ke haifar da cutar sikari ta yara a cikin yara sun hada da bayyanar cututtuka irin su:

• Yaron yana shan azaba da tsananin jin ƙishirwa.
• Yaron koyaushe yana son yin amfani da bayan gida, yayin da urinating ya zama mai yawa.
• Akwai koke-koken rashin lafiyar fata.
• Fatar ta zama mai sanya ido.
• Akwai babban rauni da adynamia.
• Akwai asarar sani.

Dukkanin alamun da ke sama suna haɓaka lokaci-lokaci, kuma bayyanarwar alamun tana ƙaruwa koyaushe.

Cutar malaria: sanadi

Haɓaka coma mai cutar sukari a cikin yara yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da matakin insulin a cikin jini. Tare da lalacewar autoimmune akan ƙwayoyin beta na tsibirin na Langerhans na pancreas, akwai raguwa sosai a cikin samar da insulin. A cikin rashin insulin, babban cuta a cikin ƙwayoyin carbohydrate na faruwa, wanda ke haifar da hyperglycemia da tarin samfuran metabolism wanda ba shi da sinadarin oxidized, wanda a ƙarshe yakan haifar da hanawa ga tsarin juyayi na tsakiya da haɓakar cutar kansa. Cibiyar Brain na Clinical Brain tana magance wannan matsalar a cikin yara kuma yana nuna kyakkyawan sakamako a cikin maganin cutar sikari.

Za'a iya hana ci gaban kwayar halitta ta hanyar gudanar da insulin na lokaci. Tare da ƙwayar cuta ta ci gaba a cikin asibiti, dabara ta kasance iri ɗaya, amma gyaran damuwa na haɓakawa da ƙwayar fitsari an ƙara da shi. An zaɓi kayan aikin insulin na insulin don ɗan. Bayan haka, mara lafiyar yaron yana kan maganin maye gurbin rayuwa na rayuwa.

Cutar masu fama da cutar siga: rikitarwa

Rikitarwa na cutar ciwon sukari a cikin yara bai bambanta da na manya kuma ana danganta shi da wani cin zarafi a cikin gabobin da yawa sakamakon ketoacidosis. Kar a manta cewa rashin ingantaccen taimako na zamani na iya haifar da lalacewa mai guba ga kwakwalwa, bayan haka maido da ayyukan sa ba zai yuwu ba.

Iri cuta

Coma ga ciwon sukari yana da nau'ikan da ke ƙasa:

• ketoacidotic - yana haɓaka saboda tara ƙwayoyin ketones a jiki da isasshen amfanin kansu. A cikin magani, wannan cuta tana da suna - ketoacidosis,
• hyperlactac cuta - wani yanayin tsokani da tarawa a jikin lactate (wani abu da aka haɗu a sakamakon tafiyar matakai na rayuwa),
• hyperosmolar - wani nau'in musamman na cutar sankara wanda ke faruwa saboda rikicewar rayuwa a cikin jiki da cutar sankarar bargo,
• hyperglycemic - yana faruwa tare da karuwa mai yawa a cikin sukari na jini,
• hypoglycemic - wani mummunan yanayin da ke haɓakawa da ƙaddamar da raguwa mai yawa a matakin sukari na mai haƙuri.

Mahimmanci! Ba shi yiwuwa a bincika irin nau'in cutar sankarau. Idan rikitarwa ya inganta, ya kamata a kai mai haƙuri zuwa asibiti nan da nan.

Alamomin nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa suna kama kuma yana yiwuwa a bincika takamaiman nau'in coma ta musamman tare da taimakon hanyoyin bincike.

Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da alamun cututtukan ƙwayar cutar sankara.

Bayyananniyar bayyananniyar yanayin precatous sun hada da rauni, ciwon kai, ƙishirwa, yunwa, da sauran bayyanar

Alamomin gama gari na cutar siga

Alamomin gama gari na rikitar ciwon sukari sune:

• jin ƙishirwa
• urination akai-akai
• gajiya, rauni, rashin lafiyar,
• m ko paroxysmal ciwon kai
• nutsuwa ko, a taqaice, tashin hankali,
• asarar ci
• karancin gani, wasu lokuta na faruwa,
• tashin zuciya, amai, amai.

Idan babu magani yadda yakamata, mara lafiya yana da yanayin cututtukan jini, wanda ake magana da shi a cikin aikin likita a matsayin coma na gaskiya.

Gaskiya ne

Coma na gaskiya a cikin ciwon sukari shine yanayin mai haƙuri, tare da waɗannan alamomin:

• m da mutane a kusa da kuma abubuwan da suka faru,
• rikicewar rayuwa tare da lokutan fadakarwa,
• A lokuta masu tsauri, babu wani tangarda da za a iya samu daga kashin waje.

Yayin bincike na waje, likita ya gano alamun halaye masu yawa:

• fata bushe,
• tare da hyperglycemic ko ketoacidotic coma, ana jin warin acetone daga bakin mara lafiya na bakin mutum,
• saukarwa mai kaifi cikin karfin jini,
• zazzabi
• laushi na gira.

Wannan yanayin yana buƙatar kulawa da gaggawa na likita, sau da yawa yana haifar da sakamako mai ƙari.

Alamomin cutar rashin daidaituwa

A cikin marasa lafiya da wannan nau'in rikitarwa, alamomin masu zuwa suna faruwa:

• Yunƙurin hauhawar yunwar,
• rawar jiki a jiki
• malaise, rauni, gajiya,
• ƙara yin gumi
• anxietyara yawan damuwa, haɓakar jin tsoro.

Idan a cikin 'yan mintina kaɗan mutum da ke da wannan yanayin bai ci wani abu mai daɗi ba, to akwai haɗarin asarar hankali, bayyanuwar maƙogwaro. Fatar mai haƙuri ta zama rigar, idanu suna da taushi.

Hyma na hyperglycemic coma shine mafi yawan nau'in rikitarwa na ciwon sukari, tare da alamu masu yawa mara kyau

Bayyanarwar hymamoma coma

Cutar sankarau ta wannan nau'in tayi haɓaka a hankali, daga sa'o'i da yawa zuwa wasu ranaku. A wannan yanayin, alamun da ke gaba suna faruwa:

• ci gaban rashin ruwa,
• general malaise
• neuralgic mahaukaci
• kwatsam motsi na gira, wani yanayi na son rai,
• fitowar ido,
• wahalar magana
• rage fitar fitsari.

Mahimmanci! Hypersmolar coma yana da wuya, ana gano shi musamman a cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya.

Bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa

Asibitin kwantar da hankalin mahaifa yana yawan shafa mai. Yana tasowa a hankali, tare da jinkirin raguwa cikin nutsuwa.

• ciwon kai wanda ba zai iya amsar magani ba,
• sanyi hannaye da kafafu
• ƙara yin gumi
• rauni
• bayyanar yunwar,
• yanayin kasawa
• jin zafi
• dogo na dantse,
• gajeriyar numfashi yayin tafiya, numfashi mai tsayi.

Mai haƙuri ya zama mai fushi, ya rasa ikon yin aiki, kuma da sauri ya gaji. Tare da hanya mai wahala, mutum yana fuskantar hangen nesa biyu, tashin zuciya, rawar jiki a hannu da kafafu, daga baya a duk sauran tsokoki na jiki. Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka ana kiransu precoma (precoatose state).

Mahimmanci! Lokacin da alamun da ke sama suka bayyana, zuwa asibiti ya kamata ya kasance nan da nan. Kowane minti na jinkirta zai iya kashe rayuwar mutum.

Siffofin coma masu ciwon sukari a cikin yara

A lokacin ƙuruciya, wannan nau'in rikice-rikice yana tasowa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar abubuwan dalilai masu tayar da hankali. Dalilan sun hada da yawan wuce haddi da Sweets, raunin jiki, raguwar tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, rayuwa mai tsayayye, yanayin rashin ingancin magungunan insulin, magunguna masu inganci, rashin sanin makomar cutar.

Bayyanar cututtuka na kai hari a cikin yara suna da wahalar wucewa, damuwa, ciwancin abinci da yanayin ci gaba

Ayyukan kai harin sun hada da bayyanannun bayyanannun abubuwa:

• jariri ya koka da ciwon kai
• tashin hankali ya haɓaka, aiki yana ba da rashin kulawa,
• yaro ba ya ci,
• tashin zuciya sau da yawa tare da amai
• Akwai raɗaɗi a ciki
• mahaɗi sun sami inuwa mai duhu, ba za su iya fahimta ba.

A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, raɗaɗin ratsa jiki, akwai haɗuwa da jini a cikin feces, gira mai narkewa, hauhawar jini da yawan zafin jiki.

Daga cikin rikice-rikice a cikin yara akwai rashin ruwa, da ci gaban matsanancin cuta na gabobin ciki, jijiyoyin huhun ciki da na huhun ciki, abin da ya faru na gazawar koda, gazawar numfashi, da sakamako mai saurin kisa.

Binciko

Ana gudanar da gwaje-gwajen cutar sankara na masu ciwon suga a cikin yin amfani da binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje na jinin mai haƙuri. Don yin bincike, an wajabta mai haƙuri waɗannan nau'ikan gwaje-gwaje:

• janar gwajin jini
• gwaji na jini
• nazarin kwayoyin halittun fitsari.

Gwajin gwaji ya banbanta da nau'in coma. Tare da ƙwayar ketoacidotic, an lura da haɓakar fitsari a cikin jikin ketone. Hyperglycemic coma yana tare da haɓaka glucose na jini da fiye da 33 mmol / lita. Tare da hyperosmolar coma, ana gano haɓakar osmolarity na plasma jini. Ana amfani da coma na hypoglycemic low low glucose jini, ƙasa da 1.5 mmol / lita.

Taimako na farko

Tare da haɓaka ƙwayar cutar kansa a yara da manya, ya zama dole a samar wa mara lafiya da taimakon farko. Idan mutum bai san tunaninsa ba, to dole ne ka aiwatar da waɗannan matakai:

1. Kira motar motar asibiti.
2. Idan babu bugun jini da kuma numfashi, ya zama dole a fara tausayar zuciya kai tsaye da kuma yin hutu na wucin gadi. A wannan lokacin, ya wajaba a kula da tsabtawar yanayin numfashi.
3. Idan ana jin bugun zuciya, ana kula da numfashi, kuna buƙatar samar da damar yin amfani da iska mai kyau, 'yantar da mutum daga suttura mai ƙyafewa, ku kwance abin wuya.
4. Ya kamata a saka mai haƙuri a hagunsa, idan har ya yi amai, yana da muhimmanci a tabbatar cewa bai shaƙe ba.

Rayuwa da lafiyar mai haƙuri sun dogara da ilimin rubutu na kulawa ta gaggawa don haɓaka harin

Yayin kulawa ta gaggawa, yakamata a bawa coma mai shan mama ya sha. Idan an san cewa mummunan yanayi yana faruwa ne sakamakon raguwar glucose a cikin jini, ya kamata a bai wa mara lafiya abinci ko ruwan da ke ɗauke da sukari.

Moreara koyo game da taimakon farko na kamuwa da cutar siga.

Sakamakon

Cutar sankarar mahaifa cuta ce mai wuyar shaƙatawa wanda ke ɗaukar awoyi da yawa zuwa makonni da yawa har ma da watanni. Daga cikin sakamakon, akwai take hakkin daidaituwa game da motsi, cututtukan zuciya, cututtukan cututtukan hanta, hanta, wahalar magana, matsanancin yanayin, rashin hangen nesa, kumburi kwakwalwa, huhu, gazawar numfashi, mutuwa.

Ciwon sukari mai fama da ciwon sukari

Coma hypoglycemic coma ne mai yawan ciwon sukari wanda ke haifar da raguwar glucose jini ("sukari") a ƙasa yanayin ɗabi'a.

Matsayi mai mahimmanci na glucose shine 2.8 mmol / L akan komai a ciki, ko kuma 2.2 mmol / L 3-4 bayan cin abinci.

Koyaya, a cikin marasa lafiya tare da yawan ƙwayar cutar glycemia na yau da kullun, asarar hankali na iya faruwa tare da lambobi mafi girma.

• yawan insulin da ya wuce haddi shi ne ya zama sanadi
• yawan abin sha da yawa na rage sukari,
• canza yanayin rayuwa (babban aiki na jiki, azumi) ba tare da canza tsarin insulin ba
• barasa maye,
• m cututtuka da kuma ƙari na na kullum,
• ciki da lactation.

Tare da rage yawan glucose na jini a kasa mai mahimmanci, makamashi da kuma matsananciyar yunwar oxygen na faruwa. Ta taɓa sassa daban-daban na kwakwalwa, yana haifar da alamu guda ɗaya.

Halin hypoglycemic yana farawa da rauni, sweating, dizziness, ciwon kai, hannuwa mai rawar jiki. Babban yunwar ya bayyana. Sannan halayyar da bata dace ba ta shiga, za'a iya tayar da fitina, mutum ba zai iya mai da hankali ba. Haske da magana sun kara dagulewa. A cikin matakai na gaba, buguwa tare da asarar hankali yana tasowa, riƙe zuciya da numfashi mai yiwuwa ne.

Bayyanar cututtuka suna ƙaruwa da sauri, a cikin minti. Yana da mahimmanci don ba da taimako a kan lokaci zuwa mara lafiya, guje wa asara mai tsawo.

Coma mai ciwon sukari

Tare da coma hyperglycemic coma, matakan glucose na jini suna sama. An bambanta nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa uku:

1. Cutar mai fama da cutar sikari.
2. Cutar cutar sankara ta gudawa.

Bari muyi zurfafa zurfi a kansu.

Cutar mai fama da cutar sikari

Cutar fitsari na cutar kansa farawa tare da ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari (DKA). DKA yanayi ne hade da hauhawar jini a matakan glucose da jikin ketone da bayyanar su a cikin fitsari. DKA yana haɓaka sakamakon rashi insulin don dalilai daban-daban.

• isasshen kula da insulin ga marassa lafiya (an manta, hade da kashi, alkairin da ya fashe, da sauransu),
• m cututtuka, aikin tiyata,
• farawa na nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari (mutum bai riga ya san game da bukatar insulin ba),
• ciki
• shan magunguna waɗanda ke haɓaka glucose na jini.

Sakamakon karancin insulin, kwayoyin dake taimakawa shan glucose, kwayoyin jikin '' suna matsananciyar yunwa '. Wannan yana kunna hanta. Yana fara samar da glucose daga shagunan glycogen. Saboda haka, matakin glucose a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa sosai. A wannan halin, kodan suna ƙoƙarin cire ƙwayar glucose mai yawa a cikin fitsari, suna ɓoye ɗumbin ruwa mai yawa. Tare tare da ruwa, da potassium saboda haka ana buƙata ta cire shi daga jiki.

Ketoocytosis mai ciwon sukari

A gefe guda, a cikin yanayin rashin ƙarfi, ana kunna rushewar kitse, daga abin da jikkunan ketone daga baya suka samar.

Cire ruwan mai yawa yana haifar da rashin ruwa, zubar jini da rashin isashshen oxygen a cikin kyallen. Tare da rashi potassium, wannan yana haifar da alamun DKA.

Bayyanar cututtuka da alamu

Ketoacidosis yana haɓaka hankali a cikin kwanaki da yawa.

A matakin farko, matakin glucose na jini ya haura zuwa 20 mmol / L kuma sama. Wannan yana hade da tsananin ƙishirwa, fitar da yawan fitsari, bushewar baki, da rauni. Zai yiwu ciwon ciki, tashin zuciya, ƙanshi na acetone daga bakin.

Nan gaba, tashin zuciya da ciwon ciki na haɓaka, amai yana bayyana, adadin fitsari yana raguwa. Mai haƙuri yana da bacci, mai daskarewa, yana numfashi sosai, tare da ƙanshin ƙurar acetone daga bakinsa. Zai yiwu zawo, jin zafi da katsewar zuciya, rage karfin jini.

A cikin matakai na gaba, matsalar rashin daidaituwa ta samu tare da asarar hankali, yawan shan numfashi da kuma rauni mai aiki a cikin dukkan gabobin.

Cutar cutar sankara mai fama da cutar sikila (DHA) wata cima ce ta al'ada wacce ta kasance a cikin yanayi mai yawa na asarar ruwa, tare da sakin karamin adadin sassan jikin ketone ko kuma ba tare da ita ba.

• yanayin tare da babban asarar ruwa (amai, gudawa, zub da jini, konewa),
• m cututtuka
• mummunan cututtuka (infarction na zuciya na myocardial, matsanancin ƙwayar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, huhun hanji, thyrotoxicosis),
• shan magunguna (maganin kamuwa da cuta, hormones adrenal),
• zafi ko zafin rana.

Tare da haɓaka glucose na jini zuwa adadi mai yawa (fiye da 35 mmol / L, wani lokacin har zuwa 60 mmol / L), kunnawar ta cikin fitsari tana motsawa. Yawan diuresis ya karu a hankali tare da asarar ruwa mai yawa daga yanayin cuta (zawo, ƙone, da sauransu) yana haifar da ɗaukar jini da bushewar sel daga ciki, gami da ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa.

DHA yawanci yana tasowa a cikin tsofaffi masu fama da ciwon sukari na 2. Kwayar cutar ta bayyana a hankali a cikin kwanaki da yawa.

Sakamakon girman glucose a cikin jini, ƙishirwa, urination mai yawa, fata bushe, da rauni sun bayyana. Saurin bugun jini da kuma numfashi suna haɗuwa, hawan jini ya ragu.A nan gaba, rikicewar jijiyoyin jiki suna haɓakawa: tashin hankali, wanda aka maye gurbinsu da nutsuwa, faɗuwa, raɗaɗi, rashi na gani, kuma a cikin mawuyacin halin - zaman lafiya. Rashin numfashi, kamar a cikin DKA, a'a.

Cutar cutar sankara ta gudawa

Ciwon sukari lactacPs coma (DLC) coma ce da ke tasowa yayin da ake karancin iskar oxygen a cikin kyallen, tare da haɓaka matakin lactic acid (lactate) a cikin jini.

• Cututtukan da ke tattare da yunwar oxygen na kyallen takarda (infarction na zuciya), gazawar zuciya, cutar huhun ciki, gazawar koda, da dai sauransu.
• Cutar sankarar bargo, ci gaban matakai na kansa.
• Almubazzaranci.
• Guba ta hanyar guba, maye gurbin giya.
• Shan metformin a cikin manyan allurai.

Tare da matsanancin oxygen, an samar da adadin ƙwayar lactic acid a cikin kyallen takarda. Guba tare da lactate yana haɓaka, wanda ke rushe aiki da tsokoki, zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, yana shafar motsawar jijiyoyi.

DLK haɓaka da sauri isa, a cikin 'yan sa'o'i. Yana haɗuwa tare da haɓaka glucose na jini zuwa ƙananan lambobi (har zuwa 15-16 mmol / l).

DLK yana farawa ne da matsanancin zafi a cikin tsokoki da zuciya wanda ba za a iya kwantar da shi da masu aikin jinya ba, tashin zuciya, amai, gudawa, da rauni. Buhun bugun yayi sauri, saukar karfin jini, gajeriyar numfashi ya bayyana, wanda sai ya maye gurbinsa da numfashi mai zurfi. Jin hankali ya karye, rikicewar ciki ya shiga.

Ciwon sukari

A aikace, yanayi 2 akasin haka ya zama ruwan dare - hypoglycemia da ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari. Don taimakawa mutum yadda yakamata, dole ne a fara fahimtar abin da muke fuskanta a yanzu.

Taimako na farko kafin motar asibiti tazo tare da wani kwayar cutar sankara mai ciwon sukari: sanya mai haƙuri a gefe, ɓoye bakinsa daga ragowar abinci, samar da kwararar yawan iska. A kowane hali kada kuyi ƙoƙarin bayarwa don ci ko sha Sweets.

Algorithm na Ciwon Mara Cutar Ciwon Mara

1. Jiki na rashin lafiya:

• 40-100 ml na 40% na glucose bayani ana gudanar dashi a cikin ciki
• ko 1 ml na glucagon bayani.

• intramuscularly - raka'a 20 na insulin-gajere,
• cikin ciki - 1 lita na Saline.

• Ana gudanar da 1 na gishirin ruwan sha na ciki tsawon awa daya.

• Gabatar da gishiri a cikin hanzari ya fara.

Bayan kulawa ta gaggawa, ana tura rukunin motar asibiti marasa lafiya zuwa asibiti, inda ya ci gaba da jiyya a cikin kulawa mai zurfi da sake farfadowa.

Tare da ƙwayar cutar farin jini a cikin asibiti, gudanar da jijiya na glucose ya ci gaba har sai an dawo da tunani.
Tare da hyperglycemic coma, ana aiwatar da duka matakai:

• Ana gudanar da insulin na ɗan gajeren lokaci a cikin jijiya.
• Ofarfin ruwan da jiki ya ɓace yana sake cikawa.
• Ana yin gwagwarmaya tare da haifar da haifar da rikicewa.
• Matsayin potassium, sodium, chlorine an daidaita shi.
• Ogingen yunwar an cire shi.
• Ayyukan gabobin ciki da na kwakwalwa an dawo dasu.

Tashin hankali

Yaya haɗarin wannan yanayin yake ga jikin yaron?

• Sharpara yawan haɓaka ko haɓaka matakin glucose a cikin jinin yaro yana haifar da faruwar abubuwan aiwatar da cuta a cikin jikin yaron.
• Sharpara yawan fitar fitsari yana haifar da rashin ruwa.
• Akwai raguwar yawan jini, alamu na hawan jini yana raguwa sosai.
• Wadannan canje-canjen sun shafi dukkan mahimman hanyoyin kwayoyin halitta, gami da kwakwalwa.
• Idan ba'a ba da taimakon likita tare da insulin akan lokaci ba, to akwai haɗarin ci gaba da rikice-rikice:

o Aukuwa na jijiya da jijiyoyin jini, wanda ke tsokani haɓakar bugun jini ko tafin zuciya,

o Ci gaban huhun huhun amai da gudawa,

o Ci gaban mahalli da huhun ciki,

o Watsar da cututtuka daban-daban,

o Renal ko gazawar numfashi.

A cikin manyan lokuta, gazawar bayar da kulawar likita na lokaci na iya haifar da mutuwa.

Me za ku iya yi

• Idan iyayen sun fahimci cewa yarinyar ta fadi cikin matsalar rashin lafiyan ciki, ba za ku iya yin allurar insulin da kanku ba. A cikin yanayin tsoro, zaku iya ƙididdige yawan adadin ƙwayar, ta haka yana ƙara yanayin yarinyar.
• Iyaye su ba da taimakon farko ga yaran kuma su nemi taimakon likita.
• An ba da shawarar sanya wanda aka azabtar a gefensa kuma ya hana tursasawa harshe.
• Idan kun lura alamun farko na lalacewar yanayin jariri a cikin lokaci, ya kamata ku ba shi ɗan sukari ko zuma, sannan ku nemi taimako daga likitoci.

Me likita yayi

Yadda za a bi da ilimin likita, likita ya ƙayyade. Amma lura da cutar sikari na faruwa a matakai da yawa.

• Da farko dai, likita ya dawo da sukari tare da taimako. gudanar da allurar insulin. Idan an lura da hypoglycemia, dole ne a sarrafa glucose a gaba.
• Yaron yana buƙatar gabatarwar mafita na musamman wanda ke yin asarar ruwa, ƙwayoyin lantarki da ma'adanai a cikin jiki.
• Idan mai fama da cutar siga na haifar da rikice-rikice, likita ya yanke shawara game da lura da waɗannan cututtukan.

Yin rigakafin

Zai yuwu a hana faruwar wani mummunan yanayi a cikin jariri tare da kiyaye matakan kariya. A cewar kididdigar, kusan 90% na abin da ya faru na ciwon sukari yana faruwa ne saboda laifin yaron ko iyayen sa da kuma rashin bin ka'idodi masu sauki. Idan yaro yana da ciwon sukari, ya kamata iyaye su kula da yanayinsa.

• Ya kamata a tabbatar da kula da insulin na lokaci a cikin wani ƙayyadaddun kashi.
• Yaron ya kamata a kai a kai shan kwayoyi waɗanda ke tsara sukarin jini.
• A kai a kai gudanar da aikin sa-kai kan sukarin jini ta amfani da na'urori na musamman.
• Idan kamuwa da cuta ya faru a cikin jiki, kawar da su nan da nan.
• Bi abinci, rage yawan amfani da Sweets a cikin abincin yaro.
• Yaron da ba a kamu da cutar sankara ba ya kamata a bincika shi kai tsaye kuma a kai a kai ta likitocin da ke da alamu daban-daban kuma a gwada shi.

Marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari dole ne suyi ƙoƙari na yau da kullun don inganta aikin metabolically a cikin jihar kusa da al'ada kamar yadda zai yiwu. Errorsanan kurakurai na ilimin likita suna tarawa kuma ƙarshe haifar da rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari.

Yana da mahimmanci a sani! Takaitaccen labari wanda masana ilimin kimiyar lissafi suka shawarce su Ci gaba da Ciwon sukari! Abin kawai ya zama dole a kowace rana.

Idan babu magani ko kurakurai masu yawa a cikin magunguna, cutar siga na faruwa. Wannan mummunan lamari ne, mai saurin ci gaba, yanayin mutuwa. Zai iya haɓaka tare da nau'ikan cututtukan biyu, ba tare da la'akari da amfanin insulin ba. Tare da rashin isasshen kulawa ga lafiyarku ko asarar aiki mai sauri, coma na iya faruwa koda kafin bayyanar cutar sankara.

Sanadin Cutar Cutar Rama

Babban abin da ke haifar da kwayar cutar sankara a cikin masu ciwon sukari shine gurbacewar yanayin sukari daga ka’ida, duka zuwa ga karuwa mai girma - da raguwa -. Irin waɗannan alamu na glucose suna gurbata duk hanyoyin tafiyar da rayuwa a cikin jikin mutum, wanda hakan ke haifar da mai haƙuri ya rasa ikon kula da lamarin, illa mai rauni, haɓaka cikin sauri. A wannan lokacin, rayuwar mai ciwon sukari ya dogara ne akan ingantattun ayyukan wasu da saurin isar da su zuwa ga likitanci.

Ciwon sukari da hauhawar jini zai zama abin da ya wuce

Cutar sankarau shine sanadin kusan kashi tamanin cikin ɗari na duka raunin da aka yanke. Mutane 7 daga 10 ne ke mutuwa sakamakon kamuwa da jijiyoyin zuciya da kwakwalwa. A kusan dukkanin lokuta, dalilin wannan mummunan ƙarshen shine guda - sukari na jini.

Sugar zai iya kuma ya kamata a rushe, in ba haka ba komai. Amma wannan ba ya warkar da cutar da kanta, amma kawai tana taimakawa wajen yaƙar bincike, kuma ba dalilin cutar ba.

Kadai magani wanda aka bayar da shawarar hukuma don magance cututtukan cututtukan fata kuma ana amfani da shi ta hanyar endocrinologists a cikin aikin su shine wannan.

Tasirin maganin, wanda aka lasafta bisa ga daidaitaccen hanyar (adadin marasa lafiyar da suka murmure zuwa jimlar yawan marasa lafiya a cikin rukuni na mutanen 100 waɗanda suka sami kulawa) sun kasance:

• Normalization na sukari - 95%
• Cirewa kan jijiyoyin mara wuya - 70%
• Cire zuciyar mai karfin zuciya - 90%
• Rabu da cutar hawan jini - 92%
• Increasearuwar kuzarin rana, inganta bacci da dare - 97%

Masana'antu ba kungiyar kasuwanci ba ce kuma an tallafa musu da tallafin jihar. Saboda haka, yanzu kowane mazaunin yana da damar.

Tare da mummunan rashin insulin, sukari ba zai iya shiga daga jini cikin kyallen ba. Saboda amsawar yunwar, jikin mutum zai fara fitar da glucose akan kansa daga tsoka da mai. Sakamakon rushewar sel mai, jikin ketone ya tara, maye ya fara. Rashin insulin da aiwatarwa a cikin tantanin halitta ya gurbata - gushewar glucose ana hana shi kuma yana tsaka-tsakin samfuran metabolism - lactates - shigar da jini.

Ba tare da la’akari da yanayin yanayin da wane zai hauhawar jini ba, jikin ketone ko lactates zai tara cikin tasoshin, pH na jini ya canza, ya zama mafi yawan acidic. Da zaran acidity ya wuce na ilimin halittar jiki, sel sun fara rushewa a cikin jiki, enzymes sun rasa aikinsu, wanda ke haifar da cututtukan zuciya, narkewar tsarin jijiya da jijiyoyin ciki har zuwa mutuwa.

Sha'awar jiki don kawar da sukari mai yawa ta hanyar cire shi a cikin fitsari na iya haifar da wani. Ara yawan diureis ba tare da isasshen ruwan sha ba yana haifar da matsanancin bushewa da hauhawar jini a cikin kwakwalwa.

Hypoglycemia - wani mawuyacin yanayi , tunda tare da raguwar sukari, marasa lafiya suna fada cikin rashin lafiya a cikin 'yan awanni kaɗan. An bayyana babban mace-macen cutar sankarau sakamakon cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa ta hanyar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, ƙwayoyin jikinta da farko sun daina yin aikinsu, wanda ke tsoratar da mummunan aiki a duk tsarin jikin mutum, sannan kuma ya fara mutuwa.

Mafi sau da yawa, cutar rashin lafiyan ciki shine ke haifar da:

1. Rashin kula da ciwon sukari a ƙaddamarwar mai haƙuri, saboda mummunan raunin da ya faru, giya ko raunin hankali.
2. Kurakurai a cikin lissafin adadin insulin.
3. Rashin insulin da kuma rashin aikinyi na gabatarwar.
4. Akai-akai na keta haddi (), kashi daya na manya-manyan kwayoyi.
5. Cutar cututtuka mai tsanani, tiyata, ciki tare da ciwon sukari ba tare da daidaitawa da kwayoyi ba, gami da insulin.

Menene nau'ikan coma a cikin ciwon sukari?

Rarrabewa na cutar sukari dangane da sanadin:

Hyperglycemic - hauhawar haɓakar sukari na jini sama da 13 mmol / l, wani lokacin har zuwa 55, ba tare da la'akari da dalilin karuwar ba.

1. Ketoacidotic - karuwa a cikin taro na acetone da keto acid. Coma yana haɓaka tare da rashin mahimmancin insulin, yana faruwa sau da yawa tare da ciwon sukari mai dogaro da insulin (karanta game da).
2. Hyperosmolar - tafiyar hawainiya a cikin ruwa-gishiri saboda danshi. Yana haɓaka sannu a hankali, halayyar rashin lafiyar insulin-da ke fama da cutar sikari.
3. Lactic acidosis - tarawar lactate. Yana da ƙasa da na kowa fiye da sauran nau'in cutar sankarau, yawanci sakamakon cututtukan da ke kama da cuta.

Hypoglycemic - saurin raguwa cikin glucose zuwa 2.6 mmol / l da ƙasa. Wannan rashin lafiya shine mafi muni da masu haƙuri suka gane shi, saboda haka mafi haɗari. Tare da halayen da basu dace ba da kuma saurin raunin hankali.

Za'a iya tantance nau'in coma mai tasowa da kansa idan kun san alamun halayyar kuma kuyi amfani da kayan aikin bincike mafi sauƙi - glucometer da kwalliyar gwaji akan jikin ketone.

Matakan warkewa

Don hana sakamako mara kyau, yana da mahimmanci don fara magani a kan lokaci na rikitarwa. A wannan yanayin, mai haƙuri yana allurar insulin bayan wasu lokuta. A lokaci guda, ana yin gwajin jini don sanin gaban sukari da acetone a ciki. Idan babu sakamako, ana sake sarrafa glucose har sai an daidaita abubuwan da ake amfani da su na jini.

Don magance jikin ketone, ana gudanar da glucose awa daya bayan allurar insulin. Kimanin biyar za a iya aiwatarwa a kowace rana ta irin waɗannan ayyukan.

Gabatar da gishiri tare da bicarbonate na soda yana taimakawa hana rushewar jijiyoyin jiki. Bayan 'yan awanni, ana gudanar da sinadarin sodium cikin ciki.

Kulawa da kai hari a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus an yi niyya don cire mai haƙuri daga coma, daidaita al'ada sigogi na ƙirar jini.

Yayin aikin jiyya, mara lafiya yana shayar da oxygen daga matashin kai, ana amfani da matattarar dumama zuwa ƙananan ƙarshen. Wannan yana samar da matakan tafiyar matakai.
Don kula da aikin zuciya, an ba mai haƙuri allurar tare da maganin kafeyin, bitamin B 1 da B 2, ascorbic acid.

Bayan mara lafiyar ya fito daga mahaifa, murmurewa kamar haka:

• saukarwa a hankali na yawan insulin,
• karuwa tsakanin tazara tsakanin shan magunguna,
• Dalilin shayi mai dadi, compote,
• banda mai, mai yaji, mai gishiri, mai tsami, soyayyen abinci,
• Tushen abincin shine hatsi, kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan kiwo.

Mahimmanci! Rashin bin ka'idodi na dawowa da kin yarda da magani na iya haifar da ci gaba da kai hari na biyu.

Cututtukan alaƙa da alamu

Bayyanar cututtuka na yau da kullun ga kowane nau'in cutar sankara mai ciwon sukari:

• rikice,
• rashin isasshen amsa ga tambayoyi
• apathy ko zalunci,
• gurguntar daidaituwa da motsi,
• rage martani ga sautunan sauti, haske, zafi,
• asarar sani.

Mutane daya-daya harborers na ciwon sukari:

Tsinkaya ga mai haƙuri

Cutar sankarau ɗaya daga cikin sananniya ce mai haɗarin kamuwa da cutar sankara. Halin yana buƙatar kulawa da gaggawa na likita, magani mai dacewa, bin ƙa'idodin matakan kariya don hana rikice-rikice. Abubuwan da ake hangowa game da mara lafiya shi ne kawai a cikin yanayin yiwuwar shigar da lokaci zuwa asibiti. A lokaci guda, yana yiwuwa a daidaita yanayin mai haƙuri, don hana mummunan sakamako na cutar ƙima.

Marasa lafiya waɗanda aka kamu da cutar sukari mellitus ba koyaushe ne ke kula da lafiyar su ba. Rashin abincin, ba a ɗaukar magani a lokacin da ya dace, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa da ta jiki na iya haifar da matsananciyar wahala - jihar rashin lafiya. Yin ma'amala da sakamakon yana da wahala fiye da hana ci gaban su.

Menene coma mai ciwon sukari

A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, glucose ya zama dole don sel suyi aiki cikin jiki da abinci, amma ba za'a iya sarrafa su cikin abubuwan da suka dace ba tare da yawan insulin da ake buƙata ba. Sharpara yawan sa a cikin lambarta na faruwa, wanda ke haifar da rikice-rikice a cikin asarar hankali - coma. Yawan yawan insulin da ya wuce yakan haifar da wannan yanayin. Wannan yana haifar da canje-canje a cikin tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, wanda ke tattare da bayyanar nau'ikan nau'ikan cututtukan ƙwayar cutar sankara. Zai yi wuya a faɗi hasashen rikitarwa. Ba shi yiwuwa a faɗi tsawon lokacin da rashin daidaituwa ya kasance. Yanayin na iya wucewa daga awanni da dama zuwa watanni da yawa.

Yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye alamun alamun haɗari. Kula da matakan glucose koyaushe. Idan ya wuce 33 mol / l - barazanar fara kai hari. Halin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cutar sankara na mellitus yana canzawa a hankali. Ci gabanta zai yiwu cikin 'yan kwanaki. Halin yana tare da:

• ciwon kai
• rashin jin daɗin ciki
• matsananciyar ƙishirwa
• rage rauni a cikin matsi,
• rauni bugun jini
• zafin jiki jikin yana kasa da al'ada
• pallor na fata
• rauni na tsoka
• pallor na fata
• tsananin amai
• rashin ruwa a jiki.

Iri coma a cikin ciwon sukari

Ana samar da bayyanar ire-iren cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya ta hanyar abubuwan da ke faruwa a jikin mutum sakamakon lalacewar gabobin da ke haifar da cututtukan ƙwayar cuta. Rarrabe nau'ikan:

• hypoglycemic - ya haifar da karuwa a cikin insulin,
• hyperglycemic - tsokani da karuwa a cikin glucose jini,
• ketoacidotic - yana haɓaka saboda bayyanar jikin ketone (acetone) sakamakon rushewar kitse,
• hyperlactoc cuta - halin da tara na lactic acid a cikin jini,
• hyperosmolar coma - yana da bambanci - ba a kafa jikkunan ketone ba.

Hyma na jini

Ana nuna wannan nau'in ta hanyar haɓaka mai sauri na alamun girgiza. Wanda ke haifar da ƙaruwa a cikin insulin saboda hauhawar yawan sukarin jini. Irin waɗannan abubuwan zasu iya haifar da yanayin rawar jiki a cikin ciwon sukari:

• yawan insulin da ya wuce
• activityara aiki a jiki,
• barasa
• raunin kwakwalwa
• azumi
• m cututtuka
• tionuntatawa a cikin abincin carbohydrate.

Rashin glucose - abinci mai gina jiki ga sel, yana haifar da ci gaban cutar. An bambanta matakai guda huɗu na alamun:

• na farko - yunwar oxygen na sel kwakwalwa suna haifar da tashin hankali, ciwon kai, matsananciyar yunwa, tachycardia,
• na biyu shine bayyananniyar zufa, kara yawan motsa jiki, halayyar da bata dace ba,
• na ukun - bayyanar bugun zuciya, karuwar matsin lamba, yara latedan makaranta.
• na huɗu - halin bugun zuciya, danshi na fata, asarar fatar jiki - farkon rashin lafiya,
• na biyar - raguwa cikin matsin lamba, raguwa a cikin sautin tsoka, take hakkin rhythms na zuciya.

Maganin rashin lafiya

Ana nuna wannan nau'in kwayarma a hankali, yana ɗaukar zuwa makonni biyu don haɓaka. Sakamakon raguwar adadin insulin, yaduwar glucose a cikin sel ya iyakance, amma adadinta a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa. Wannan Sanadin:

• rashin makamashi
• take hakkin metabolism na ruwa,
• ƙara yawan coagulation na jini
• matsaloli a cikin aikin kodan, hanta,
• toshewar wani sinadari wanda ke toshe hanyoyin samar da insulin,
• ƙara yawan glucose
• rushewar mai, da yawan adadin ketone.

Dalilin bayyanar cututtukan hyperglycemic idan akwai cututtukan sukari yana da alaƙa da bayyanar cutar da ba a yi shi akan lokaci ba, ƙarancin ƙwayar insulin, da kuma cin zarafin abinci - ƙarin karuwar carbohydrate. Alamun aukuwa:

• bushe fata
• numfashi mai zurfi tare da amo
• ƙanshi na acetone
• fata mai sanyi
• pupilsan makaranta
• urination na kanada.

Cutar Ketoacidotic

Irin wannan rikitarwa a cikin ciwon sukari ya zama ruwan dare gama gari saboda rashin insulin. An nuna shi ta bayyanar samfuran fashewar mai - jikin ketone. Tunda kwayar ba ta karbar abinci mai gina jiki a cikin nau'in glucose daga jini, fashewar kitse yana faruwa a jiki. Yana maye gurbin karɓar makamashi, amma yana da sakamako mai illa - yana fitar da samfuran lalata - jikin ketone. Suna kuma haifar da ƙamshin acetone. Bugu da kari, kwayar jini da kirkirar jini.

Cutar Ketoacidotic tana tare da raunin ciki, matsanancin rashin bacci, tsinkaye mara nauyi. Dalilan dake haifar dashi:

• marigayi ganewar asali
• ba daidai ba sashi na insulin,
• magungunan da ba a zaɓa ba yadda ya kamata,
• shan giya
• m purulent cututtuka,
• aiki
• ciki
• take hakkin abinci
• raunin kwakwalwa
• danniya
• cuta na jijiyoyin jiki
• aikin jiki.

Cutar Hyperlactoc cuta

Tare da karancin insulin da tarin glucose a cikin jini, domin ramawa saboda iskancin oxygen, jikin ya fara samar da lactic acid a jiki. Cutar hanta, wacce ke da alhakin sarrafa ta a lokacin cutar, bata cika ayyukanta ba. Yana haɗuwa cikin jini, lactic acid yana tsokani wannan nau'in ƙirar. Abubuwan da ke haifar da gudummawa ga wannan:

• infarction na zuciya
• gazawar hanta
• cutar koda
• zub da jini
• cututtuka
• shan giya.

A wannan yanayin, ba a lura da samuwar sassan ketone - ƙanshi na acetone ba a bayyanar cututtuka. Tare da cutar mahaifa, ana lura da masu zuwa:

• ragin matsin lamba
• ciwon tsoka
• narkewa a jiki
• matsalolin zuciya
• tsananin amai
• ciwon tsoka
• rashin kulawa
• raguwa a cikin zafin jiki
• bayyanar da delirium.

Alamar rashin daidaituwa

Zai yiwu a maido da mahimmancin ayyukan mai haƙuri bayan coma a cikin ciwon sukari, idan a yayin harin akwai wani mutum da ke kusa wanda zai iya ba da taimako. Kawai mahimmanci shine halin mai haƙuri ga yanayinsa, lura da canje-canje a cikin jiki. Bayyanar cututtuka da aka lura cikin lokaci da zuwa likita zai taimaka wajen kaucewa mummunan sakamako da ma mutuwa.

Haɓaka ƙwarma na ɗumama hankali ne. Idan kun kula da alamun, yana yiwuwa a hana rikice-rikice masu wahala. Halin hali shine:

• rage cin abinci
• urination,
• karuwa da ƙishirwa
• tashin zuciya
• bari
• amai
• gajiya,
• Canjin yanayi,
• ragin matsin lamba
• nutsuwa
• rauni bugun jini
• bayyanar da tunani na hallicinations,
• nutsuwa
• warin itacen 'acetone' ko lemu mai tsami daga bakin,
• katsewa
• mai raunin hankali.

Binciko da hanyoyin magani

Ana ba da kulawa ta gaggawa ga masu ciwon sukari a cikin sassan kulawa mai zurfi na asibitin. Don sanin wane nau'in coma da nau'in ciwon sukari, ana yin gwajin jini da fitsari. Eterayyade matakin glucose. Ya danganta da sakamako, an wajabta magani don cutar. Algorithm ya hada da:

• nishaɗi da ma'aunin acid-base,
• Komawa ga aikin zuciya,
• dawo da matakan insulin,
• rigakafin asarar ruwa,
• sabuntawar potassium da akayi asara,
• ramuwa na yawan glucose,
• hana rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta na jini.

Hasashen da hasashen

Cutar insulin na iya faruwa idan mai haƙuri ya bi duk abubuwan da likitan ya bayar, ya bi tsarin abincin da kuma yadda aka saba amfani da magani. Tun da alamun cutar sankara ta ci gaba na lokaci mai tsawo, yana yiwuwa a daidaita tsarin kulawa da kuma guji mummunan sakamako. Yana da mahimmanci a hana kai hari fiye da magance matsaloli daga baya.

Cutar sukari, idan ba'a ba da kulawa ta gaggawa cikin lokaci kan lokaci ba, zai iya zama mai muni. Wannan yana faruwa ga kowane mai haƙuri na goma. Coma cikin kamuwa da cuta yana haifar da babban sakamako:

• dementia - sakamakon lalacewar ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa,
• na gazawar
• ilimin hanta na hanta
• arrhythmias, cututtukan zuciya saboda lalacewar aikin zuciya.

Cutar sankarau wata cuta ce mai nauyi sosai ta lalata cutar siga. Yana kaiwa zuwa ga keta duk hanyoyin rayuwa a cikin jiki. A gaban wasu abubuwan abubuwan rarrabuwar kai, coma na iya haɓaka duka tare da insulin-dogara da wanda ba shi da insulin. Kuma ba shi da damuwa ko ana jinyar su ko ba a gano su ba tukuna.

Alamomin cutar sankara mai cutar siga

Cutar sankarau ba ta haɓaka nan da nan ba, yanayin aikinta shi ne matsayin ƙasa. Thirstishirwar haƙuri tana ƙaruwa, kuma rauni ya bayyana, rashin jin daɗi a cikin ciki, tare da tashin zuciya da kuma sau da yawa,. Saukar karfin jini, zafin jiki yana kasa da al'ada. Dakyar take da sauri, kamar zaro.

A cikin lokaci, bayyanar rauni da ɓacin rai yana ƙaruwa, hargitsi a cikin aiki na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya yana bayyana a cikin cikakke ko asarar sashi na fatar jiki, fatar jiki ta rasa turgor na al'ada, sautin tsoka yana raguwa. Hawan jini na iya sauka zuwa lambobi masu rauni sosai.

Wani takamaiman alama na ci gaban mai ciwon sukari shine bayyanar ƙanshin acetone (apples overripe) daga bakin. Idan a wannan matakin ba a samar wa mai haƙuri da isasshen taimako, bayan wani lokaci za a sami cikakkiyar asarar hankali, kuma ya mutu. Duk waɗannan alamun za su iya bayyana, girma da ci gaba a cikin 'yan awanni ko ma kwanaki.

Sanadin Cutar Cutar Rama

Abubuwan da suka haifar da haɓakar ƙwayar cutar sankara na iya zama ƙarshen kulawa na kashi na gaba na insulin ko ƙin yin amfani da shi, kuskure a cikin adana maganin insulin shine zaɓi da aka zaɓa wanda bai dace ba, maye gurbin nau'in insulin tare da wani, wanda mara haƙuri ya kasance.

Babban cin zarafi game da abinci a cikin ciwon sukari na iya haifar da ci gaba na ƙwayar cuta idan mai haƙuri ya cinye sukari fiye da abin da yake buƙata, cututtuka daban-daban (ciki har da masu cutar), tashin hankali, ciki da haihuwa, da tiyata.

Bayyanar cututtuka na rashin ciwon sukari

A matakin farko na haɓakar cutar kansa, masu haɓaka suna haifar da cutar ketoacidosis masu ciwon sukari, alamomin halayen sune: bushe bushe baki da ƙishirwa, polyuria, sannu a hankali juya zuwa cikin damuwa, wani lokacin ana lura da cutaneous. Akwai alamomin maye na jiki gaba daya a cikin nau'ikan kara rauni gaba daya, yawan kiba, kara yawan ciwon kai, tashin zuciya da amai.

Idan ba a fara jiyya akan lokaci ba, to matsalar dyspeptipi na ta kazuwa, matsananciyar ya zama mai maimaita kuma baya kawo sauyi, akwai raunin ciki na yanayi daban daban, maiyuwa ko. Damuwa, rashin tsoro, rashin tausayi suna girma, marasa lafiya sun rikice cikin lokaci da sarari, hankali ya rikice. Jin fitar numfashin da yake yiwa acetone, fatar jiki ta bushe, hawan jini ya saukeshi, yana tasowa, Kussmaul mai saurin motsa jiki. Da wawa da wawa ana maye gurbinsu da coma.

Kulawa ta gaggawa don cutar siga

Sanin alamun farko na haɓakar ƙwayar cutar sankarar mahaifa, yana yiwuwa a hana haɓaka da kuma daidaita yanayin ta hanyar gabatarwar insulin. Yawancin lokaci ana sanar da marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari game da yiwuwar haɓaka rikice-rikice kuma game da magani mai mahimmanci. An ba da shawarar rage yawan abin da ke cikin carbohydrate, fara ɗaukar shirye-shiryen potassium da magnesium, shan ruwan ma'adinan alkaline - duk wannan zai taimaka wajen kawar da hyperacidosis.

Idan yanayin mai haƙuri ya riga ya kasance mai tsanani kuma yana kusa da rauni, yana da gaggawa a kira motar asibiti. A wannan yanayin, kawai taimako da aka bayar akan lokaci na iya taimakawa, asibiti a cikin ma'aikatar lafiya ya zama dole.

Editan Kwararre: Pavel A. Mochalov | D.M.N. babban likita

Ilimi: Cibiyar Nazarin Likitocin Moscow I. Sechenov, fannoni - "Kasuwancin likita" a cikin 1991, a cikin 1993 "Cutar cututtuka", a cikin 1996 "Therapy".

Cutar sankarar mahaifa wani yanayi ne a jikin dan adam wanda ke dauke da cutar siga, wanda hakan ke haifar da mummunan tashin hankali na rayuwa. Zai iya faruwa saboda raguwa mai ƙarfi ko ƙaruwa a cikin matakan glucose na jini. Haɓaka coma mai ciwon sukari yana buƙatar kulawa ta asibiti cikin gaggawa. Game da kasancewar sa tsawonsa, rashin rikice-rikice na iya faruwa har zuwa sakamako mai illa.

Iri Cutar Malaria

Akwai nau'ikan Cutar masu ciwon suga da yawa, kowannensu yana buƙatar kusancin mutum don maganin. Suna haifar da dalilai daban-daban, suna da matakai daban-daban na ci gaba.

Kwararrun sun bambanta nau'ikan da ke gaba:

• Cutar Ketoacidotic - tana haɓaka cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 1. Hakan ya haifar da sakin ketones mai yawa, wanda ke faruwa a jiki sakamakon aiki mai na kitse. Saboda yawan haɗuwa da waɗannan abubuwan, mutum ya faɗi cikin ƙwayar ketoacidotic.
• Hyperosmolar coma - yana haɓaka cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 2. Sanadin rashin ruwa mai guba. Matakan glucose na jini na iya isa fiye da 30 mmol / l, ketones ba ya nan.
• Cutar hypoglycemic - yana haɓakawa a cikin mutanen da suke yin allurar ba daidai ba na insulin ko kuma ba sa bin abincin. Tare da maganin farin jini na hypoglycemic, glucose a cikin jinin mutum ya kai 2.5 mmol / L da ƙananan.
• Lactic acidosis coma wani nau'in cuta ne mai saurin kamuwa da shi. Yana haɓakawa da tushen asalin anaerobic glycolysis, wanda ke haifar da canji a ma'aunin lactate-pyruvate.

Kowane irin ƙwayar cutar sankara na haɓaka saboda wuce haddi ko rashin insulin, wanda ke haifar da saurin yawan mayukan mai. Duk wannan yana haifar da kirkirar samfuran mara nauyi. Suna rage tarowar ma'adanai a cikin jini, wanda yake rage yawan acid dinta. Wannan yana haifar da hadawan abu da iskar shaka, ko acidosis.

Ketosis shine yake haifar da rikitarwa a cikin aiki na gabobin ciki a cikin cutar sikari. Tsarin juyayi ya fi shan wahala daga abin da ke faruwa.

Cutar sukari ba ta faruwa ba saboda yawan ƙwayar sukari a cikin jini, amma saboda yawan ƙwayar mai-acid mai sa maye.

Wannan yana haifar da mummunar rikicewa a cikin metabolism, wanda dole ne a hanzarta dawo dashi. Har sai an yi wannan, mutum ba zai sami damar murmurewa daga cutar rashin lafiya ba. Rashin insulin a bango na bunkasa acidosis mai mahimmanci yana hana dukkan matakai a cikin jiki, baya yarda cerebral cortex yayi aiki kamar yadda yakamata. Duk wannan yana haifar da tabarbarewa cikin kwanciyar hankali, da kuma bayan - rashin lafiyan coma.

Cutar sankarau ana saninsa ta hanyar hanzari, amma ingantacciyar hanya ce. Za a iya ganin alamun farko da mutum zai fada cikin rashin lafiya a rana ko sama da haka. Idan ka lura da duk wata alama ta rashin lafiya, yi kokarin ganin likitan ku yanzunnan. Hyperglycemia ana saninsa da saurin karuwa a cikin taro mai yawa sau da yawa. Za'a iya gane coma na Ketoacidotic ta hanyar tashin zuciya da amai, amai, yawan urination, zafi a cikin ciki, da yawan bacci. Hakanan, mai haƙuri yana da warin ƙanshi na acetone daga bakin. Yana iya yin gunaguni na ƙishirwa, kullun baƙin ciki, asarar hankali.

Tare da haɓakar hypoglycemia a cikin mutane, haɗuwa da sukari a cikin jini yana raguwa sosai. A wannan yanayin, wannan alamar ta isa alamar da ke ƙasa 2.5 mmol / L. Fahimtar mai zuwa tashin hankali na rashin haihuwa cikin sauki, mutum yana 'yan awanni kadan kafin ya fara korafin wani yanayi na damuwa da tsoro, karuwar gumi, jin sanyi da rawar jiki, nutsuwa da rauni, saurin yanayi da rauni. Duk wannan yana haɓaka ta hanyar rashi mara nauyi da asarar hankali, idan mutum bai sami taimakon likita na lokaci ba. Wannan yanayin ya gabace ta:

• Rage abinci ko rashin isasshen abinci,
• Janar malaise
• Ciwon kai da danshi,
• Maƙarƙashiya ko zawo.

Idan babu taimakon lokaci don cutar siga, mutum zai iya fuskantar mummunan sakamako. Tare da haɓaka wannan yanayin, yana da matukar muhimmanci a kula da zafin jiki. Yana da mahimmanci sosai cewa bai karye ba - ya fi kyau cewa yana ƙaruwa kaɗan. Fata yakamata ya bushe da dumi. Yin watsi da alamun farko na cutar siga da ke haifar da tashin hankali. Dan Adam, kamar yadda yake, yana tashi daga duniyar yau da kullun; bai fahimci waye shi ba da kuma inda yake.

Likitoci sun lura cewa abu ne mafi sauki ga mutanen da ba su da shiri su iya gano kwayar cutar sankarau ta hanzarin hauhawar jini, da rauni, da taushi ga gira. Don dakatar da wannan tsari, dole ne a kira motar asibiti nan da nan. Qualifiedwararren likita ne kawai wanda zai iya yin aikin da ya dace.

Kulawa ta gaggawa don cutar siga

Algorithm na gaggawa game da wanda ake zargi ya kusanta da cutar malaria:

1. Kira motar asibiti - da farko, kafin duk sauran abubuwan da suka faru. Idan akwai shaidar cewa mutum yana da ciwon sukari, sanar da ma'aikaci.
2. Sanya mara lafiya a gefan sa don gujewa shanyewa daga harshen da ya bushe ko amai. Idan amai ya fara, yi ƙoƙarin tsabtace bakinku.
3. A sa ma'aurata cokali biyu na sukari a cikin gilashin ruwa ko siyan abin sha (kula da abun da ke ciki, soda tare da abun zaki ba zai taimaka) ba da abin sha ga mai haƙuri. Tare da hyperglycemia, wannan kashi ba zai tsananta yanayin ba, amma tare da hypoglycemia, zai iya ceton ran mutum. Kada ku ba da masu ciwon sukari alewa ko sukari mai sukari. A cikin yanayin da ake amfani da shi, aikin tauna ya mutu da sauri fiye da haɗiyewa, don haka mai haƙuri na iya shaƙa.
4. Idan aka yi asarar hankali, kula da kullun kasancewar numfashi da bugun zuciya, idan ya cancanta, fara farfadowa da ci gaba da su har zuwa lokacin da ake ci gaba da inganta ko har zuwa motar asibiti.

Don wasu su sami damar ba da taimakon farko, mai ciwon sukari dole ne ya san danginsa, abokan sa da abokan aiki da waɗannan ka'idodi, tare da koya masa yadda ake amfani da mitir. Tare da matsanancin ciwo, likita ba zai iya yin ba tare da gyara yanayin mai haƙuri zai yiwu ne kawai a asibiti. Hypoglycemia har zuwa ciki har da matakin tsakiyar (ba tare da asarar sani ba) za'a iya gyara shi da kansa ta hanyar cin glucose na 10-15.

Coma magani

Tsarin gyara don kamuwa da cutar sankarau a cikin asibiti:

Nasarar shan kwayar cutar ta coma ya dogara ne da daidaiton kulawa ta gaggawa, saurin bayarwa na marassa lafiya zuwa wurin likitanci da kuma damar iya biyan diyya. Idan komai ya tafi daidai, mara lafiya yana yin kwana da yawa cikin kulawa mai zurfi, sannan a tura shi sashen warkewa.

Sakamakon mai yiwuwa

Babu wani sashin jiki guda daya a jikin mutum wanda cutar sikari ta wuce shi ba tare da wata alama ba. Abubuwan haɗari mafi haɗari sune cututtukan hanji, lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya, kamuwa da cuta mai rauni a jiki. Idan kwakwalwar ta shafa ko kuma mummunar matsala ta faru a gabobin da yawa, tsawon lokacin coma yana ƙaruwa, kuma wataƙila mummunan sakamako ne.

Sakamakon mai yiwuwa ga masu ciwon sukari bayan fitowar coma sune magana mara nauyi, ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, daidaituwa da motsi, juzu'i ko cikakken inna.

Tabbatar koya! Shin kuna tsammanin kulawa da kwayoyin hana daukar ciki da insulin shine hanya daya tilo da za'a kula da sukari? Ba gaskiya bane! Kuna iya tabbatar da wannan da kanku ta hanyar fara amfani da shi.

Cutar sankarar mahaifa wani yanayi ne a jikin dan adam wanda ke dauke da cutar siga, wanda hakan ke haifar da mummunan tashin hankali na rayuwa. Zai iya faruwa saboda raguwa mai ƙarfi ko ƙaruwa a cikin matakan glucose na jini. Haɓaka coma mai ciwon sukari yana buƙatar kulawa ta asibiti cikin gaggawa. Game da kasancewar sa tsawonsa, rashin rikice-rikice na iya faruwa har zuwa sakamako mai illa.

Sanadin Coma

Babban abin da ke haifar da ciwon sukari da hauhawar jini ya zama cin zarafi game da yawan sukari da keɓaɓɓen ƙwayoyin jikin mutum, i.e. ciwon sukari mellitus. Amma hanyoyin da waɗannan jihohin ke ci gaba suna da bambanci. Hypoglycemia yana haifar da raguwa sosai a cikin sukari na jini, kuma hyperglycemia yana faruwa ne ta hanyar haɓaka sukari na jini.

Yawan yara masu ciwon sukari kusan kashi 10% ne. Ciwon sukari da aka gano tun yana dan karaminci yawanci yana tare da babban yawan karancin insulin. A mafi yawan lokuta, gado ne, amma kwanan nan an danganta shi da cututtukan tsarin cututtukan autoimmune wanda ke tasowa daga wata cuta mai yaduwa.

Babu wasu dalilai da yawa da yasa ɗalibin zai iya haifar da yanayi mai mahimmanci wanda yake gabanin rashin lafiyar. Ainihin, ana danganta su da cin zarafin abinci, abincin, isasshen adadin carbohydrates a cikin jiki, cututtuka masu wuya, yanayi mai wahala, damuwa, ƙonewa da ayyukan purulent a cikin jiki, keta ka'idojin gudanarwar insulin.

Iri daban-daban

Cutar sankarau na daga cikin nau'ikan masu zuwa:

• ketoacidotic,
• hyperosmolar
• maganin kashe kwari,
• hypoglycemic.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaba a cikin kowane nau'in coma sun bambanta. Don haka, sanadin ci gaban tasirin jini shine saurin hauhawa a cikin yawan sukari a cikin jini wanda yake haifar da asalin rashin ruwa. Wannan nau'in shine rikitarwa na nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.

Dalilin ci gaban ketoacidotic coma shine tara yawan acid da ake kira ketones a jikin mutum. Wadannan abubuwa samfurori ne na metabolism na mai mai, kuma ana samar dasu cikin rashin insulin. Wannan nau'in coma yana ci gaba da nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari.

Lactic acidic coma shine mafi tsananin rikitarwar ciwon sukari, wanda ke haɓakawa da tushen cututtukan zuciya, huhu, da hanta. Hakanan zai iya haɓaka idan mai haƙuri yana shan wahala daga ƙwayar buguwa ta jiki.

Dalilin ci gaban hypoglycemic coma shine raguwar raguwa a cikin taro na sukari a cikin jini. Wannan yanayin yakan faru ne tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1. Dalilai na rage yawan sukari sune rashin abinci mai dacewa ko sarrafa insulin mai yawa.

Symptomatology

Kowace nau'in coma yana da alamomin halayensa. Yana da mahimmanci a san su duka, saboda lokacin da alamun farko suka bayyana, nan da nan za a fara ba wa mai haƙuri kulawa ta gaggawa. Yin ɓoye zai iya ɓar masa da rayuwarsa.

Alamomin cutar mahaifa:

• tsananin rashin ruwa
• mai aiki mara amfani,
• ba da baya
• nutsuwa
• ƙishirwa
• 'yan kwanaki kafin a fara daga cikin ƙwayar cuta, mai haƙuri yana da rauni da ƙwayoyin cuta,
• alada
• sautin tsoka yana ƙaruwa,
• tashin hankali yana yiwuwa
• ƙwanƙwara. Alamar halayyar ci gaban kwaro. Marasa lafiya na iya rasa wasu rashin shakatawa.

Alamun alamun cutar ketoacidotic suna bayyana a cikin haƙuri a hankali. Yawancin lokaci yakan ɗauki kwanaki da yawa. Amma a wannan yanayin, jinkirin yaduwa yana "a hannu" ga likitoci, tunda kafin a fara auratayya akwai lokaci don gano alamun bayyanar da ke bayyana da kuma gudanar da cikakken magani.

Bayyanar cututtuka na precoma na wannan nau'in:

• tashin zuciya da amai mai yiwuwa
• polyuria
• ƙishirwa
• rauni
• nutsuwa

Yayin da mara lafiyar ke kara lalacewa, an kara asibitin tare da alamun:

• numfashi ya zama mai zurfi da hayaniya
• tsananin amai
• matsanancin zafi a ciki, wanda ba shi da gurɓataccen fassara,
• ba da baya
• alamar halayyar wannan nau'in biri shine bayyanar ƙanshin acetone daga bakin,
• mai raunin hankali.

Ba kamar ƙwayar cutar ketoacidotic ba, lactic acidemia na ci gaba da sauri. Wannan asibitin an nuna shi ne ta dalilin rushewar jijiyoyin jiki. Wadannan alamu kuma suna faruwa:

• rauni da sauri
• tashin zuciya da tashin hankali
• jin zafi a ciki,
• maganar banza
• mai raunin hankali.

Bayyanar cututtuka na cutar mahaifa:

• rawar jiki
• tsoro
• babban damuwa
• ƙara yin gumi
• janar gaba daya
• jin karfi na yunwar
• katsewa
• asarar sani.

Harin cututtukan ƙwayar cutar siga daga yara:

• nutsuwa
• ciwon kai na abubuwa dabam dabam na tsananin karfi,
• tashin zuciya da tashin hankali
• asarar abinci, har zuwa lokacinsa gaba daya,
• matsananciyar ƙishirwa
• polyuria
• harshe da lebe sun bushe.

Idan ba a ba da kulawa ta gaggawa ba, to kuwa numfashin yaron zai zama mai zurfi kuma yana da amo, hawan jini zai ragu a hankali, ƙwanƙwasa zuciya zai yi yawa, tsawan fata zai ragu kuma coma zai zo.

Precoa masu ciwon sukari

Coma a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus yana haɓaka hankali: daga hoursan awanni kaɗan zuwa kwanaki da yawa na iya wucewa kafin asarar ƙwaƙwalwa. Wani banbanci shine yanayin hypoglycemic. Coma ta gabaci wani yanayin da ke muni - rikicewar cutar sankarau. Alamomin ta sune:

• bayyanar cututtuka na maye maye: ciwon kai, gajiya, tashin zuciya, amai, rauni,
• fata mai ƙaiƙai
• bushe baki da ƙishirwa
• urination mai yawa.

A mataki na biyu na precoma, marasa lafiya sun faɗi cikin ɓoyi, canje-canje na numfashi ya faru, ciwo na pseudoperitonitis (ciwon ciki, tashin hankali na tsoka, alamun rashin ƙarfi na peritoneal), alamun rashin ruwa a jiki: bushewar fata da membranes na mucous, rage karfin jini na iya faruwa. Hypoglycemia ana saninsa da hauhawar tsoka, yawan jijiyoyin jiki, da kuma yin zufa.