Yaya za a gane alamun hauhawar jini da kuma guje wa rikitarwa mai haɗari?

Manyan citizensan ƙasa, a matsayin mai mulkin, suna fama da hauhawar jini (BP) ko hauhawar jini, kodayake a cikin 'yan shekarun nan cutar ta fara bayyana sosai kuma a tsakanin matasa. A lokaci guda, mutane ba su zargin wata babbar matsala, mutane da yawa suna danganta ciwon kai don rashi barci ko mummunan yanayi. Rashin magani don hawan jini zai iya haifar da ci gaban bugun jini, bugun zuciya. Sabili da haka, don gano cutar ta dace, ya zama dole a yi nazari dalla-dalla ainihin abubuwan da ke haifar da hauhawar jini.

Menene hauhawar jini?

Hauhawar jini a jiki (AH), hauhawar jini, ko hauhawar jini cuta ce mai saurin kamuwa da cuta wacce ake kamuwa da ita ta hanyar hauhawar jini (yayin da matsi na systolic na sama ya fi 140 mmHg kuma matsanancin matsin lamba ya fi 90 mmHg). Hauhawar jini shine cutar mafi yawan cututtukan zuciya. Theara yawan hauhawar jini a cikin tasoshin na faruwa ne saboda taƙarar da jijiyoyin wuya da ƙananan rassansu - arterioles.

Ofimar hawan jini ya dogara da juriya na gefe, jijiyoyin bugun jini. Tare da haushi daga masu karɓar hypothalamic a cikin adadin mai yawa, ana fara samar da homonin renin-angiotensin-aldosterone, wanda ke haifar da lalatattun ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da jijiyoyin wuya, suna yin yaduwar ganuwar su, suna ƙaruwa da danko na jini. Wannan yana haifar da bayyanar hauhawar jini, wanda daga baya ya zama ba a sake juyawa, barga. Akwai nau'i biyu na matsin lamba:

1. Mahimmanci (na farko). Yana cikin kashi 95% na maganganun hawan jini. Dalilin bayyanar wannan nau'i shine haɗuwa da abubuwa daban-daban (gado, ƙarancin muhalli, ƙarancin nauyi).
2. Secondary Yana da kusan 5% na lokuta na hauhawar jini. Hawan jini a cikin wannan tsari ana haifar da rikice-rikice a cikin jiki (koda, hanta, cututtukan zuciya).

Ana iya tunanin matakin farko na cutar ko kuma a kwalabensa idan mutum yana da:

• ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
• ciwon kai
• rashin damuwa da damuwa
• sanyi
• hyperhidrosis (ƙara yawan ɗumi),
• kananan aibobi a gaban idanu,
• numbashi na yatsunsu
• hyperemia (redness) na fata na man fuska,
• zuciya palpitations,
• haushi
• karancin aiki
• da safe fuska.

Sanadin hauhawar jini

Yayin aikin jiki na yau da kullun, zuciya tana bugar da jini ta dukkan tasoshin, yana isar da abinci da iskar oxygen zuwa sel. Idan jijiyoyinsu suka gaza zama ko nutsuwa, zuciya za ta fara yin aiki tukuru, sautin tasirin jiragen ruwa yana karuwa kuma zai lalata bakin su, wanda hakan ke haifar da matsi. Rashin hauhawar jini shine lalacewa ta hanyar rikicewar tsarin mulkin kai da na tsakiya, wanda ke da alaƙa da motsin zuciyar mutum. Saboda haka, lokacin da mutum yake juyayi, yawan motsa shi yakan fara tashi.

Bayan shekaru 60, haɓakar hauhawar jini yana da alaƙa da bayyanar atherosclerosis (cututtukan ƙwayar jijiya), lokacin da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cholesterol ke toshe hanyoyin jini na yau da kullun. A wannan yanayin, matsi na sama na haƙuri na iya ƙaruwa zuwa 170 mmHg. Art., Da ƙasa don kasancewa kasa da 90 mm RT. Art. Hakanan, likitoci da yawa suna ba da dalilai na yau da kullun na hauhawar jijiya:

• cuta cuta na wurare dabam dabam,
• wuce gona da iri-rai,
• spasm da tsokoki na mahaifa na vertebrae,
• ilimin halittar jini
• rage a elasticity, thickening na jini,
• haihuwar hypokinesia (salon rayuwa mai taushi),
• canje-canje na hormonal
• cututtuka na gabobin ciki (hanta, kodan).
• Yawan cin gishiri mai yawa
• mummunan halaye.

Bayyanar hauhawar jini, a matsayin mai mulki, yana shafar maza masu shekaru 35 zuwa 50. Ana gano hawan jini a cikin marassa lafiyar da tuni suna da ingantaccen tsarin cutar. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa maza suna watsi da alamun farko na cutar. Sau da yawa, abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar hawan jini a cikin rabin ƙarfi na bil'adama ana tsokanar su da aikin su. Cutar ta shafi waɗancan mutane waɗanda ayyukan su ke da alaƙa da matsananciyar wahala ta jiki da ta hankali. Ma'aikata masu alhakin suna fama da wata cuta, wanda kowane kuskure koyaushe yana yawan damuwa. Sauran dalilan hauhawar jini a cikin maza:

• shan taba, shan giya,
• sutudiyyar rayuwa
• rashin bin ka’idar abinci (abinci mai sauri, Sweets),
• cutar koda (glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, urolithiasis),
• shan magunguna (magunguna don mura, hanci mai zafi, kwayoyin hana barci ko magungunan hormonal),
• sakaci na aiki,
• matsaloli tare da tasoshin jini (atherosclerosis),
• rauni a cikin tsarin juyayi na tsakiya (CNS).

Bayyanar cutar hauhawar jijiyoyi a cikin mata da maza ba su da bambanci musamman (gazawar numfashi, ciwon kai, tinnitus, dizziness), amma jima'i mai rauni yana iya fuskantar irin wannan cutar. Abubuwan da ke haifar da hauhawar jini a cikin mata na iya bambanta da wadanda suke cikin maza, kuma wannan ya faru ne sakamakon kwayoyin halittar jiki. Ko da akwai irin waɗannan nau'ikan cutar da ba halayyar jima'i mai ƙarfi ba - wannan shine hauhawar jini tare da haila da lokacin ciki.

A matsayinka na mai mulki, a cikin mata ana gano cutar hawan jini yayin haila (bayan shekaru 45 - 50). Jiki a wannan lokacin yana ɗaukar manyan canje-canje: adadin isrogen da aka samar yana fara raguwa. Bugu da kari, sanadin hauhawar jini a cikin mata na iya zama kamar haka:

• hana haihuwa
• danniya, overload,
• isasshen adadin potassium a jiki,
• rashin aiki na jiki (salon ratsewa),
• kiba
• karancin abinci mai gina jiki
• haihuwa
• mummunan halaye (shan giya, shan taba),
• ciwon sukari mellitus
• gazawar ƙwayar cholesterol,
• pathology na kodan, adrenal gland,
• cuta na jijiyoyin jiki
• mai fama da rashin bacci mai rauni (kamawar bacci).

A lokacin saurayi

Ba a gani da hauhawar jini a cikin mutane ƙasa da shekara 25. Sau da yawa, haɓakar hawan jini a ƙaramin yaro yana da alaƙa da dystonia neurocirculatory (hadadden rikice-rikice na tsarin zuciya), lokacin da alamun hawan jini kawai suke canzawa. Babban dalilin wannan cin zarafin a cikin yara na iya zama babban kaya a lokutan makaranta. A kusan dukkanin lokuta, hawan jini a cikin yaro shine sakamakon yanayin ilimin halittar endocrine, i.e. hauhawar jini na yara yawanci sakandare ne. Haɓaka hauhawar jijiya a ƙuruciya yana iya samun wasu dalilai:

• gado na gado
• yawan damuwa, cin gishiri da yawa,
• yanayin yanayi
• cututtuka na kashin baya.
• lantarki, sauti,
• jijiya tiyata
• ilimin cutar koda
• shan magungunan da ke shafar cutar hawan jini,
• kiba
• karancin potassium a jiki.
• rashin kiyaye tsarin tsarin bacci.

Sanadin hauhawar jini

Abinda ya faru na hauhawar jini a cikin 90% na marasa lafiya yana da alaƙa da matsalolin cututtukan zuciya (atherosclerosis, cututtukan zuciya, da sauransu). Ragowar 10% suna da alaƙa da hauhawar jini, i.e. hawan jini alama ce ta wani cuta (kumburin koda, kumburin adrenal, kumbura da jijiya), gazawar hormonal, ciwon suga, raunin kwakwalwa, rauni. Abubuwan haɗari don haɓakar hauhawar jini ana rarrabe su bisa ga alamu guda biyu:

• Ba za a iya tallatawa ba. Dalilai da mutum ba zai iya tasiri ba. Wannan ya hada da:

1. Kashi. Ana ɗaukar hauhawar jijiyoyin jini cuta ce da ake ɗauka ta hanyar kwayoyin halitta. Saboda haka, idan akwai masu fama da cutar hawan jini a cikin dangi, wataƙila cutar za ta bayyana a ƙarni na gaba.
2. Dalilin ilimin halittar jiki. Mazajen tsaka-tsakiya sun fi kamuwa da cutar fiye da jima'i mai kyau. An yi bayanin wannan ta hanyar cewa a cikin zamani daga shekara 20 zuwa 50, jikin mace yana samar da karin kwayoyin halittar jima'i wadanda suke yin aikin kariya.

• Mai Yiwu. Abubuwan da suka dogara da mutum, salon rayuwarsa da kuma yanke shawara:
  • salon tsinkaye
  • kiba
  • danniya
  • mummunan halaye
  • rashin bacci
  • yawan amfani da maganin kafeyin, gishiri, cholesterol,
  • shan magani
  • daukewar nauyi
  • canjin yanayi.

Kashi

Daya daga cikin abubuwan dake haifar da hauhawar jini shine gado. Waɗannan na iya zama sifofi na ɗabi'a waɗanda ake yada su tare da kwayoyin halittar jini. An bayyana su cikin wahala a cikin zubar jini, wanda ke shafar hauhawar jini. Kasancewar hauhawar jini a cikin dangi na farkon mahaɗin (uwa, uba, kaka, kakanta, 'yan uwan ​​juna) yana nufin babban yiwuwar samun rashin lafiya. Hadarin kamuwa da cutar yana ƙaruwa idan an lura da hawan jini a cikin dangi da yawa lokaci guda.

A matsayinka na mai mulki, ba hauhawar jini bane da kanta ke gado, amma kawai tsinkaye ne gareshi, wannan ya faru ne sakamakon halayen neuropsychic da halaye na rayuwa (carbohydrates, fats). Sau da yawa ganewar dabi'ar kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar gado shine sakamakon tasirin waje: abinci mai gina jiki, yanayin rayuwa, dalilai masu haɗari.

Cututtuka

Cutar zuciya (cututtukan zuciya, ischemia) na iya haifar da hawan jini. Tare da waɗannan cututtukan, lumen na aorta ya kasance kunkuntar - wanda ke nufin matsin yana ƙaruwa. Lahani na jijiyoyin jiki a cikin polyarteritis nodosa shima yana taimakawa ci gaban hawan jini. Cutar sankarau wata hanyar sanadin hauhawar jini. Kasancewar abubuwanda ba'a san tsotsar ruwa ba, wadanda ke kawo cikas ga yaduwar jini. Zuciya fara aiki a cikin yanayin haɓaka, yana haifar da ƙara matsa lamba. Cututtukan da za su iya tayar da hauhawar jini:

• kumburin koda
• ilimin halittar ƙwayar tsoka da hanta,
• na mahaifa (osteochondrosis),
• take hakkin pancreas da thyroid gland shine yake,
• jijiyoyin jini,
• vegetative-na jijiyoyin bugun gini dystonia,
• cutar adrenal gland tumo
• raunin kwakwalwa
• kunkuntar na koda koda.

Rarrabawa

A halin yanzu, akwai ƙarin rarrabuwa sama da ɗaya na hauhawar jini. Yawancin lokaci ana rarrabe cutar ta yanayin hanya, kasancewar rikice-rikice, dalilan haɓakawa, alamu na matsin lamba, da ƙari mai yawa.

Masana kimiyyar zuciya na zamani sun bambanta matakai da yawa na hauhawar jini (dangane da alamu na hawan jini):

• Digiri na 1 - matsin lamba ya hau zuwa 159-140 / 99-90 mm RT. Art.,
• Digiri na biyu - a kan kiban toneomita na injin, ana nuna alamun 179-160 / 109-100 mm RT. Art.,
• Digiri 3 - tsayayye ko karuwa lokaci-lokaci na matsin lamba fiye da 180/110 mm RT. Art.

Dangane da rarrabuwar WHO da aka yarda da ita gaba daya, akwai irin wannan matakan cutar:

• Mataki na 1 - matsakaici na lokaci na matsakaici ba tare da lalacewar gabobin da aka yi niyya ba
• Mataki na 2 - kasancewar alamomin lalacewar gabobin ciki, wanda babban burin shine zuciya, jijiyoyin jini, gabobin idanu, kwakwalwa da kodan,
• Mataki na 3 - tsayayyen hauhawar hauhawar jini a sigar asalin ci gaban rikice-rikice, daga abubuwan da mutum zai mutu.

Rashin hauhawar jini yana da nau'ikan nasa iri daban daban, daga cikinsu:

1. nau'in benign ko sigar rarrabuwa ta GB, lokacin da alamun cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ke haɓaka a hankali, sama da shekarun da suka gabata, kuma an kiyasta haɗarin rikitarwa kamar ƙarancin,
2. wata cuta mai muni wacce takamaimai juzu'i a cikin matsin lamba, raunuka na gabobin da ake samu da kuma rikice-rikice masu rikicewar jini (ana iya ɗaukar rikice-rikicen cutar da wahalar amsa maganin ƙwayar cuta).

Cutar a farkon matakan ci gabanta kusan asymptomatic, wanda ke rikitar da farkon gano shi. A cikin irin waɗannan marasa lafiya, ana iya gano hawan jini a cikin kwatsam yayin binciken jiki ko yayin shigar da kai tsaye zuwa asibitin.

Wani mawuyacin nau'in hauhawar jini yana haɓaka da alamomi da yawa waɗanda ke haifar da mummunar yanayin rayuwar mutum kuma sune dalilin juyawa ƙwararru. Babban alamar cutar shine karuwa a karfin jini sama da 140/90 mm Hg. Art. Wannan yanayin yana haifar da ci gaba da ciwon kai, wanda sakamakon sakamako ne na sassauƙa na tasoshin kwakwalwa. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, mutane na haɓaka zuwa hauhawar jini na koka da bayyanar tashin hankali a cikin wuya da haikalin, wanda ke jan jini a cikin yanayi, wanda halinsa ya tsananta da ci gaban kwatsam. Irin wannan raɗaɗin da jefawar ba ya barin bayan shan magungunan.

Sau da yawa, hauhawar jini yana jin ƙarancin solo, wanda zai iya faruwa bayan aiki mai sauƙi. Kwayar cutar kodayaushe tana tare da tashin zuciya da amai, haka kuma malalar baki ɗaya saboda hauhawar ƙwayar mahaifa. Rage tasoshin kayan ji na haifar da tinnitus lokacin da yakai ga mutum cewa kunnuwan sa na da ƙoshin ƙarfi kuma a zahiri ya rasa ikonsa don jin sautin abubuwan da ke cikin yanayin a kullun.

Take hakkin jijiyoyin jini wanda ke haifar da ci gaban ischemia na myocardial. A cikin irin waɗannan marasa lafiya, gajeriyar numfashi da ciwon kirji suna bayyana, wanda ke amsa da kyau tare da nitrates. Jiki a wannan lokacin yana aiki a cikin yanayin haɓaka don ya sami damar tura ƙungiyar garkuwar jini a cikin manyan tasoshin jirgin ruwa. Kowace hari na angina pectoris yana tare da saurin bugun zuciya, bugun bugun bugun zuciya da hadarin cewa irin wannan rikitaccen rikicewar yanayin cuta kamar yadda zazzagewar zuciya zai faru.

Tare da hauhawar jini, aikin ido mai lalacewa yana ƙaddara tare da raguwa mai ƙarfi a cikin hangen nesa da haɓakar haɓakar angiopathy na jijiyoyin baya. Hakanan kasusuwa na ciki wanda ya shafi aikin jijiyoyin jiki, wanda ke kumbura da kuma motsa jijiyar jijiya. A wannan lokacin, mutum yakan lura a cikin “Goose bumps” gaban idanunsa, duhu da'irori da makamantansu.

Tarin alamun bayyanar cutar hawan jini a cikin mata galibi ana faruwa ne a lokacin haila, lokacin da menopause ya faru. A wannan lokacin, canje-canje na hormonal ya faru a cikin rauni mai ƙarfi tare da keta haddin samar da abubuwa masu aiki da kayan halitta wanda ke sarrafa matakin matsin lamba. Abin da ya sa hauhawar jini shine mafi yawan abin da ya faru na haila tsakanin mata.

Tashin hankali

GB shine ɗaya daga cikin cututtukan da ke rikitarwa wanda ke da saurin ci gaba a cikin yanayin kuma galibi an gano shi a matakin farkon rikice-rikice na tsarin cututtukan cuta. Tare da karuwa koyaushe a cikin karfin jini a cikin gabobin da ke cikin niyya, canje-canje na dystrophic da sclerotic suna faruwa, suna haifar da mummunan rauni na aiki. Da farko dai, kodan, kwakwalwa, zuciya, nazariyyar gani da jijiyoyin jini suna fama da hauhawar jini.

Akwai dalilai masu haɗari da yawa waɗanda ke shafar ƙimar ci gaban rikitarwa na hauhawar jini da tsananin ƙarfinsa:

• mummunan halaye, musamman shan sigari,
• sedentary salon da ƙara yawan taro index,
• cutar cholesterol da hawan jini,
• akai-akai danniya
• rashi na potassium da magnesium a jiki,
• canje-canje masu dangantaka da shekaru
• dabi'ar gado.

Tare da ciwo mai raɗaɗi, zuciya tana tilasta yin aiki a ƙarƙashin yanayin karuwar kaya, wanda ke da alaƙa tare da buƙatar tura jini zuwa cikin kunkuntar tasoshin. A tsawon lokaci, bangon myocardial yana da kauri kuma mutum yana haɓaka hauhawar jijiyar jini da haguwar jijiyoyin zuciya.

A wani bangare na zuciya, ana rarrabe wasu nau'ikan rikice-rikice na hauhawar jini:

1. na jijiyoyin zuciya jijiya cuta
2. angina pectoris
3. sankara, arteriosclerosis,
4. m nau'i na zuciya rashin cin nasara a cikin hanyar myocardial infarction,
5. na kullum zuciya.

Babban hauhawar jini yana haifar da bayyanarwar a cikin mutum na rikice-rikice daga gefen kwakwalwa, wanda a aikace ana nuna shi ta hanyar tsananin zafin rai, ciwon kai, tinnitus, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, da ƙari. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don rikitarwa rikicewar ƙwayar cuta na hauhawar jini:

• encephalopathy tare da rikicewar rashin lafiyar,
• ischemic da basur,
• fahintar raunin kwakwalwa.

Kamar yadda kuka sani, kodan suna sarrafa adadin ruwa da gishiri a jiki. Amma tare da karuwa a cikin karfin jini, zasu iya cikakken aikin su. Wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga matsaloli masu yawa, gami da:

1. na gazawar
2. take hakkin aikin tacewa da sakin ruwa,
3. nephrosclerosis.

Irin wannan cin zarafin yana haifar da ci gaban bayyanar cututtuka da yawa a cikin hauhawar jini, wanda ke nuna alamun kodan. Mara lafiya yana fara yin gunaguni game da rauni gaba ɗaya, malaise, bayyanar edema, tashin zuciya mara dalili.

Launin ido yana bayyana ta hanyar bayyanar da ɓacin jini a cikin ido na ido, kumburi na ɗalibin gani da ido. A wani bangare na jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini tare da hauhawar jini, mafi rikicewar rikicewar cuta shine dissection na ganuwar su, musamman, sananniyar aortic aneurysm, wanda ke samarwa da kuma ci gaba da asymptomatally, yawanci yakan haifar da sakamako mai ban tsoro kwatsam.

Binciko

Bayyanar cututtuka na GB tare da kafa matakin da digiri na haɓakar cutar itace muhimmin mataki akan hanya don tsara ingantaccen magani don yanayin cututtukan. Abin da ya sa, lokacin da alamun farko suka bayyana wanda ke nuna wata cutar hauka, ya kamata ka tuntuɓi cibiyar likita nan da nan don gano abubuwan da ke haifar da hawan jini da kuma hanyoyin gyara.

Tsarin hanyoyin tantancewar dan adam da ake zargi da hauhawar jini ya hada da karatuttukan bincike da kayan aiki, gami da:

• gwajin jini na dakin gwaje-gwaje don tantance matakin potassium da magnesium, creatinine, cholesterol mara kyau, glucose da makamantansu,
• Nazarin kwayoyin halittun fitsari tare da tabbatar da adadin furotin,
• electrocardiography (ECG),
• duban dan tayi bincike na zuciya,
• Doppler flowmetry,
• jarrabawar kudi

Hanyar ganewar asali don hauhawar jini, wanda ke ba da damar sanin matakin ƙeta, ya ƙunshi matakai biyu:

1. mataki na farko - ƙudurin bayyanar cututtuka na cutar dangane da hauhawar jini da kuma samun sakamakon ƙarin nazarin
2. mataki na biyu shine nazari na musamman wanda zai baka damar sanin daidai matakin cutar da kasancewar rikice-rikice a cikin mara lafiya ta amfani da maganin maganadisu (MRI) ko gwajin x-ray.

Samu cikakken hoto game da cutar yana ba da izinin kulawa da yau da kullum game da hauhawar jini. Godiya gareshi, zaku iya saita kewayon matsin lamba a cikin kullun kuma ku ƙayyade matsakaicin ma'aunin, wanda zai rarrabe matakin hawan jini. Babban hasara irin wannan karatun shine babban farashi.

Kulawa da rikicewar hauhawar jini ya kamata ya faru a asibiti na zuciya, inda akwai yiwuwar kulawa da kullun akan matakin hawan jini. Bugu da kari, idan ya cancanta, likita na iya gyara tsarin kula da mara lafiya tare da tsara wasu magunguna masu inganci a gare shi a kowane yanayi na asibiti.

Cutar da cutar tana farawa tare da nadin abinci na musamman, wanda ya ƙuntata ƙarancin tebur, mai da abinci mai soyayyen abinci, har ma da cin abinci mai ƙoshin abinci, da ƙoshin abinci, da kayan abinci na gari. Rashin hauhawar abinci mai gina jiki ana nufin inganta yanayin gaba ɗaya, hana haɓakar edema, daidaitaccen nauyi da makamantansu.

Dangane da sabbin shawarwarin Turai, lura da hauhawar jini ya kamata ya zama cikakke kuma dole ne ya haɗa da wasu magunguna waɗanda aikinsu ke da nufin rage karfin jini da kawar da haɗarin canji na cutar zuwa wani mummunan yanayin hanyarsa ko haɓaka rikitarwa na yanayin cutar. A cikin mafi yawan rukunin magungunan da ake amfani da su don hauhawar jini ya kamata a fadakar da su:

• alfa-blockers (Guangfacin),
• barayin ganglion (Pentamine, Benzoghexonium),
• ACE hanawa (Enap, Enalapril, Captopril),
• beta-blockers (Metaprolol, Bisoprolol, Concor),
• allunan tashar alli (Verapamil),
• diuretics (Lasix, Furosemide, Veroshpiron).

Likita yana ba da kulawa ta musamman game da alƙawarin kamuwa da cuta. Gaskiyar ita ce ba kowane diuretic ba shi da haɗari don hauhawar jini saboda kaddarorin don wanke potassium. Abin da ya sa ya kamata a haɗu da irin waɗannan magungunan tare da yin amfani da shirye-shiryen potassium a ƙarƙashin ikon sarrafa sinadaran ƙwayoyin halittar jini. Bugu da ƙari, diuretics ba kawai rage matsin lamba ba, har ma suna kawar da kumburi nama ta hanyar kawar da yawan wuce haddi. Karanta ƙari game da shan diuretics a cikin labarinmu: Me yasa muke ɗaukar diuretics don hauhawar jini?

An haramtawa mutum yin maganin hauhawar jini da kansa.

Hakanan ba'a ba da shawarar yin amfani da magungunan antihypertensive na madadin magani ba tare da gudanar da irin wannan amfani tare da likitan ku ba. Ayyukan da aka hana, a matsayin babban contraindication, na iya haifar da tashin hankali na gaggawa da kuma buƙatar shigar da haƙuri nan da nan a asibiti na musamman don gano dalilan haɓaka rikitarwa da yanke shawara game da ƙarin dabarun kawar da su.

Yin rigakafin

Don hana hauhawar jini, ya zama dole a ɗauki matakan da aka dace don tantancewa da kuma kawar da haɗarin ci gaban yanayin cututtukan cuta, da kuma inganta ƙarfin cutar hawan jini. Don hana farkon alamun farko na cutar, mutum ya kamata ya daidaita salon rayuwarsa, ya daina kyawawan halaye da cin gishiri, ya ƙara yawan aikinsa, ya kuma rasa nauyi. Dole ne a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga lafiyar marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da haɗarin gado don haɓaka hauhawar jini. Irin wannan nau'in mutane ya kamata a koyaushe a yi amfani da na'urar don auna matsin lamba, wanda za su iya lura da yanayin ta.

Ana iya hana rikicewar hawan jini idan:

1. jagorantar rayuwa mai aiki (motsa jiki, motsa jiki, tausayawa, yawo a waje, kan kankara, iyo a ruwa) da kuma motsa jiki akai-akai a dakin motsa jiki,
2. daina abinci takunkumi, hayaki baya shan giya,
3. rage cin gishiri zuwa 3-4 g kowace rana,
4. hana kanka cin abinci mai cike da kitse na dabbobi, abubuwan hana haihuwa, sinadarai,
5. tsayar da aikin yau da kullun kuma aiwatar da cikakken bacci,
6. hana wuce haddi mai kitse wanda ke tsokanar kiba,
7. hana yanayi na damuwa
8. a kai a kai gwajin rigakafi daga likitan zuciya ya dauki gwaje-gwajen da suka dace,
9. lokacin da alamun farko na ƙara matsa lamba suka bayyana, nemi taimakon likita kai tsaye.

Ya kamata mutanen da suka gaji da muradin hauhawar jini ya kamata su mai da hankali ga yanayin lafiyar su, su yi wasanni kuma a yi musu nazari akai-akai. Shiryayyar ganewar asali na GB yana nufin lura da asibiti na marasa lafiya kuma, idan ya cancanta, miƙa su ga hukumar akan ƙaddarar nakasassu.

Canjin ciki

Rashin daidaituwa na gabobin endocrine (thyroid, hypothalamus, pancreas, glanden adrenal) sune abubuwanda ke faruwa na hawan jini. Wadannan hanyoyin nazarin halittu suna rage samar da kwayoyin halittun kwayoyin sihiri da kuma tasirinsu ga abin da ke faruwa a cikin kwakwalwa, musamman ga mata yayin haila. Mummunan haddasa cutar hawan jini, bayar da tasu gudummawa ga kwayar halittar hormones, sune cututtuka masu zuwa:

• Ciwon Cusus
• thyrotoxicosis (hyperthyroidism) - karuwa a cikin aikin thyroid,
• adrenal neoplasms,
• acromegaly (dysfunction na kashin baya),
• pheochromocytoma (ciwan haɓakar hormonal),
• Ciwon Cohn.

Hawan jini yawanci ya fi yawa a cikin tsofaffi. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin lokaci, arteries sun rasa ƙarfi, kuma wannan yana da babban tasiri ga matsi. Bugu da kari, a cikin mutane bayan shekaru 40, tafiyar matakai na rayuwa yana yin saurin sauka, a kan asalin yawan cin abinci mai yawan adadin kuzari da halayyar da ba daidai ba ga abinci, kiba tayi girma, sannan kuma hauhawar jini.

A yau, irin wannan abin da ke haifar da rashin lafiya yayin da shekaru suka sami canje-canje. Cutar ana lura da ita matashi, game da 10% na matasa masu saurin kamuwa da cutar sankara, kuma yayin da suke girma, kashi kawai yana ƙaruwa. Kowane mazauni na uku bayan shekaru 40 yana fama da cutar hawan jini. Lallai, ban da raguwa na dabi'a a juriya na jiki, tasirin magada, salon rayuwa yana canzawa tare da shekaru.

Rayuwa

Wata hanyar haifar da hauhawar jini ana ganin rashin motsa jiki. Wasanni yana da amfani mai amfani ga zagayawa jini da jiki gabaɗaya, amma ba mutane da yawa sun yanke shawarar fara rayuwa mai aiki don kare kansu daga haɓakar hauhawar jini. Rashin motsa jiki yana haifar da kiba da kiba kuma, a sakamakon haka, hawan jini.

Hypokinesia cuta ce da ta zama ruwan dare a zamaninmu, lokacin da mutum baya motsawa sosai, kuma wannan yana haifar da rushewar hanyoyin jini. Abincin da ba shi da kyau, halaye marasa kyau, da kuma rayuwar da ba ta dace ba suna haifar da hawan jini, tun da rauni na jijiyoyin jiki da kashin baya yana rage sautin jijiyoyin bugun gini don kyakkyawar yaduwar jini. Yin aiki a kwamfuta shima yana ƙara haɗarin cutar.

Abu na gaba da zai taimaka ga bayyanar cutar hawan jini shine abinci mara kyau. M, mai daɗi, soyayyen, mai yaji, kayan yaji da mai ƙoshin mai yawanci suna tayar da matsin lamba mara tsari. Tabbas, don cire sodium wuce haddi daga jiki, kodan suna buƙatar wani lokaci. Har sai wannan ya faru, yawan gishiri yana riƙe da ruwa, wanda ke haifar da edema a cikin mutanen da ke fama da hauhawar jini.

Rashin yawan potassium na iya kara karfin jini. Wannan kashi yana taimakawa tasoshin jini don shakata, da jiki - don 'yantar da kansa daga sodium. Ana samun potassium mai yawa a cikin tumatir, kayan kiwo, koko, dankali, legumes, faski, ganyayyaki, guna, ayaba, kayan lambu kore, kayan sunflower. Ya kamata a haɗa waɗannan abincin a cikin abincin yau da kullun. Wajibi ne a ƙi mai kitse, nama mai ƙoshi da ƙoshin naman, kamar yadda suna haifar da kiba kuma yawanci raunin hawan jini. Bugu da kari, irin wadannan abincin suna cutarwa ga jiki:

• man shanu
• abincin gwangwani
• offal,
• kirim mai tsami, kirim,
• na yaji yaji
• gari kayayyakin
• abubuwan shaye-shaye
• abubuwan sha mai dadi.

Mummunan halaye

Yawan shan barasa da kuma abin da ya haifar yana haifar da cutar lafiyar ku. Shan ruwa da yawa kuma yana iya yawan ciwan zuciya, da yawaitar hawan jini, da haifar da ciwon zuciya. Shan taba yana da mummunar tasiri a kan matsa lamba. Nicotine yana ba da gudummawa ga ƙarancin zuciya, saurin bugun zuciya, wanda ke haifar da ci gaba da cutar cututtukan zuciya da atherosclerosis.

Taba da kuma ruhohi suna da mummunar tasiri a jiki baki ɗaya. Lokacin da shan sigari da shan giya, haɓakawa ta fara faruwa, sannan lalacewa mai kauri daga tasoshin jini ya faru, sakamakon abin da yake haifar da spasm ɗin shi kuma kwararar jini yana ƙaruwa. Saboda haka karuwa a cikin jini. Kari akan haka, sinadaran dake cikin sigari zasu iya tarwatsewa da tsawan hanyoyin bangon jijiyoyin jini, suna samar da wasu bangarori wadanda ke dauke da jijiyoyi.

Wuce kima

Dalilin sanadin hauhawar jini shine kiba da kiba. Wuce kima yana faruwa ne saboda yanayin rayuwa, rikicewar rayuwa, abinci mai nauyi tare da mai mai yawa, kitsen carbohydrates, da gishiri. Mutanen Obese suna cikin haɗari koyaushe, saboda suna da haɓakar hawan jini tare da nauyin akan jirgi da zuciya.

Bugu da kari, kiba yana kara cholesterol na jini, wanda kan iya haifar da ciwon suga. Masu fama da kiba fiye da sau 3 sun fi fama da hauhawar jini fiye da mutanen da ke da nauyin jiki na al'ada. Mutumin da ke kiba ya fi dacewa da atherosclerosis, wanda shine ƙarin abubuwan da ke haifar da bayyanar cutar hawan jini. Rage nauyi ko da kilogram 5 zai rage karfin jini da haɓaka sukari na jini.

Mutane da yawa suna amsawa da baƙin ciki don canza yanayin, i.e. sun dogara da yanayin. Ko da cikakken mutum mai cikakken lafiya wanda ba kasafai yake cikin sabon iska ba kuma yana haifar da yanayin rayuwa na iya kula da yanayin canji. A matsayinka na mai mulki, meteoc rikicin cikin mutanen da ke fama da hauhawar jini ya bayyana a yanayin canjin yanayi da wuri mai ban mamaki, don haka kafin tafiya ya kamata ka shirya kayan taimakon farko.

Rashin ilimin dabbobi na birni shima yana kara haɓaka hawan jini, yana lalata tsarin jijiyoyin jini da haɓaka hauhawar jini. Ko da ɗan taƙaitaccen bayyani ga abubuwa masu haɗari waɗanda mutum ya shaƙa kowace rana tsawon watanni 3 na iya tayar da haɓakar hauhawar jini. Abubuwa uku da keɓaɓɓen gurɓata a cikin dukkanin biranen zamani - nitrogen dioxide, ozone, sulfur dioxide - suna cutar da cutar hawan jini da aikin jijiyoyin jiki.

Uroarfafawar jijiyoyin zuciya (damuwa, raunin jijiyoyin jiki, yawan motsa rai) shine sanadiyyar yawan haɓakar hauhawar jini. Duk wani mummunan tunani da ba a san shi ba yana da hatsari ga lafiyar dan adam. Doguwar goguwa ta damuwa damuwa ce ta yau da kullun wacce ke birkantar da jijiyoyin jini da zuciya fiye da yadda za a yi a yanayi mai natsuwa. Sakamakon rushewar juyayi shine yawanci karuwa a matsin lamba da rikici mai hauhawa. Damuwa da shan giya da shan sigari yana da illa musamman. irin wannan haɗuwa yana haɓaka haɓakar jini.

A matsayinka na mai mulki, a cikin mutum mai hauhawar jini, matsin lamba ya tashi kuma ya daɗe, har ma da karamin damuwa. Sannu a hankali, tare da maimaita yawan haɓakar jini, wanda zai iya ɗaukar watanni da yawa, na'urar da ke kula da daidaita karfin jini ya saba da nauyin, kuma a hankali jini yana tsayawa a wani matakin.