Maganin Insulin na Subcutaneous

I. Shirya don hanyar:

1. gabatar da kanka ga mara lafiya, bayyana hanya da dalilin hanyar. Tabbatar cewa mara lafiyar ya sanar da yarda da aikin.

2. Bayarwa / taimaka wa mara lafiya don ɗaukar madaidaicin matsayi (dangane da wurin allura: zaune, kwance).

4. Kula da hannuwanka cikin tsafta tare da maganin hana-barasar ciki (SanPiN 2.1.3.2630 -10, shafi 12).

5. Sanya kayan tallafin kayan taimako na farko da ba za'a iya dashi ba.

6. Yi sirinji. Duba kwanan lokacin ƙarewa da ɗaukar nauyin shirya kayan.

7. tara kashi ana buƙatar insulin daga murfin.

Saitin insulin daga kwalba:

- Karanta sunan miyagun ƙwayoyi a kwalbar, duba ranar karewar insulin, ma'anar sa (insulin ya kasance mai sauƙi, kuma tsawanta - gizagizai)

- Sanya insulin ta hanyar jujjuya kwalbar a hankali cikin tafin hannayen (kada a girgiza kwalban, kamar yadda girgiza take kaiwa ga samuwar kumburin iska)

- Shafa fulogin roba a kan murfin insulin tare da mayafin ɗimin da aka shafa tare da maganin taɗama.

- eterayyade farashin rabo na sirinji kuma gwada tare da maida hankali na insulin a cikin kwafin.

- Ja iska a cikin sirinji a cikin adadin wanda yayi daidai da adadin insulin.

- Sanya iska a cikin kwalin insulin

- Juya murfin tare da sirinji ka tattara kashi na insulin da likita ya umarta da ƙarin kimanin raka'a 10 (karin adadin insulin yana sauƙaƙa zaɓin ainihin kashi).

- Don cire kumburin iska, matsa kan sirinji a wurin da kukan iska yake. Lokacin da kumfa yake motsa sirinji, danna kan piston kuma kawo shi zuwa matakin da aka tsara. (Usara 10 10). Idan kumburin iska ya kasance, ci gaba da fistin har sai sun ɓoye a cikin murfin (kar a tura insulin a cikin iska ɗin dakin, saboda hakan yana da haɗari ga lafiyar)

- Lokacin da aka karɓi madaidaicin kashi, cire allura da sirinji daga cikin vial kuma saka ƙyallen kariya a kai.

- Sanya sirinji a cikin matattarar tire wanda aka rufe shi da mayafi mai daskarewa (ko marufi daga sirinji mai amfani) (PR 38/177).

6. Bayar da mara lafiyan don bijirar da wurin allurar:

- yanki na bangon ciki na ciki

- gaban cinya na waje

- saman waje na kafada

7. Kula da safofin hannu mara amfani tare da maganin dake da keɓaɓɓen maganin maye (SanPiN 2.1.3.2630-10, p. 12).

II. Tsarin aiwatar da Hanya:

9. Yi wa wurin allurar da aƙalla tsofaffi 2 na goge da aka ɗora da mai maganin alurar rigakafi. Bada izinin fata ya bushe. A jefar da tsummokin da aka yi amfani da su a cikin ba da bakararre ba.

10. Cire hula daga sirinji, ɗauka sirinji tare da hannun damanka, riƙe riƙeɗar allura tare da yatsanka, ka riƙe allura tare da yanke.

11. skinauki fata a wurin allura tare da yatsun farko da na biyu na hagu a cikin ninka triangular tare da gindi a ƙasa.

12. Sanya allura cikin gindin fatar fata a wani kusurwa na 45 ° zuwa saman fata. (Lokacin da shiga cikin bangon ciki na ciki, kusurwar gabatarwar ya dogara da kauri na girman: idan kasa da 2.5 cm, kusurwar gabatarwar shine 45 °, idan ya fi hakan, to, kusurwar gabatarwar shine 45 °, idan ya fi hakan, to, kusurfin gabatarwar shine 45 °, idan ya fi hakan, to, kusurwar gabatarwar shine 45 °, idan ya fi hakan, to, kusurfin gabatarwar shine 45 °, idan ƙari ne, to, kusururin gabatarwa shine 45 °, idan ƙari, to, kusururin gabatarwa shine 45 °, idan ƙari, to, kusururin gabatarwa shine 45 °, idan ƙari ne, to, kusururin gabatarwa shine 45 °, idan ƙari, to, kusururin gabatarwa shine 45 °, idan ƙari ne, to, kusururin gabatarwa shine 45 °, idan ƙari, to, kusururin gabatarwa shine 45 °, idan ƙari, to, kusururin gabatarwa shine 45 °, idan ƙari, to, kusururin gabatarwa shine 45 °, idan ƙari, to, kusururin gabatarwa shine 45 °, idan ƙari, to, kusururin gabatarwar shine 45 °, idan ƙari, to, kusurfin gabatarwa 90 °)

13. Cire insulin. Kidaya zuwa 10 ba tare da cire allura ba (wannan zai hana yaduwar insulin).

14. Latsa busassun takalmin murfin bushewa da aka karɓa daga wurin yana bayarwa wurin allurar kuma cire allura.

15. Riƙe mayafin maraɗa na dakika 5-8, kada a shafa wurin allura (domin wannan na iya haifar da ɗaurin insulin cikin sauri).

III. Endarshen hanyar:

16. Rage duk kayan aikin da aka yi amfani da su (MU 3.1.2313-08). Don yin wannan, daga ganga "Don tsabtacewar sirinji", ta hanyar allura, zana mai maye a cikin sirinji, cire allura tare da allura, sanya sirinji a cikin akwati da ta dace. Sanya adon adiko na goge baki a cikin kwandon “Don adon ruwa na wando”. (MU 3.1.2313-08). Ku lalata trays.

17. Cire safofin hannu, sanya su cikin jaka mai hana ruwa na launi da ya dace don zubar da shi (ɓata aji "B ko C") (Fasaha don gudanar da sabis na likitanci mai sauƙi, Russianungiyar Sungiyar Likitocin Rashan. St. Petersburg. 2010, magana ta 10.3).

18. Don aiwatar da hannaye cikin tsabta, tsaftacewa (SanPiN 2.1.3.230-10, p. 12).

19. Yi rikodin da ya dace na sakamakon a cikin takaddun bayanan tarihin likitancin aikin jinya, Journal of the mural s / m.

20. Tunatar da mai haƙuri game da buƙatar abinci na mintina 30 bayan allura.

Lura:

- Lokacin gudanar da insulin a gida, ba a ba da shawarar kula da fata a wurin allura da barasa ba.

- Don hana haɓakar lipodystrophy, ana ba da shawarar kowane allurar da ta biyo baya ta zama 2 cm ƙasa da wadda ta gabata, a kan ko da kwanaki, ana gudanar da insulin a cikin rabin ɓangaren dama, da kuma a cikin kwanakin da ba shi da kyau, a hagu.

- Ana adana vials tare da insulin a saman shiryayyen firiji a zazzabi na 2-10 * (2 hours kafin amfani, cire kwalban daga firiji don isa zafin jiki dakin)

- Za a iya ajiye kwalban don ci gaba da amfani a zazzabi a daki na kwanaki 28 (a cikin wani wuri mai duhu)

- Ana yin insulin gajere da aiki minti 30 kafin abinci.

Fasaha don aiwatar da sabis na likita masu sauƙi

3. Maganar subcutaneous management na insulin

Kayan aiki: Maganin insulin, za'a iya amfani da sirinji insulin tare da allura, kwallayen auduga mai kauri, 70% barasa, kwantena tare da maganin warwarewa, bakararre safarar gashi.

Shiri don magudi:

Gaishe ga mara lafiya, gabatar da kan ka.

Bayyana wayar da kan mara lafiya na likitan da kuma karban sanarwa game da allurar.

Wanke hannu a cikin tsabtace hanya, ɗauka safofin hannu mara amfani.

Taimaka wa mai haƙuri ya ɗauki matsayin da yake so (zaune ko kwance).

Bi da wurin allurar tare da auduga biyu na ciki wanda aka tsoma a cikin giya 70%. Kwallan farko babban shimfida ne, na biyu shine shafin allurar kai tsaye.

Jira barasa zai ƙafe.

Theauki fata da hannun hagu a wurin allura a cikin crease.

Tare da hannunka na dama, saka allura zuwa zurfin 15 mm (2/3 na allura) a wani kusurwa na 45 ° a cikin tushe na fatar fata, tare da yatsan ka na riƙe allurar cannula.

Lura: tare da gabatarwar insulin, wani sirinji - alkalami - an saka allura da ƙwaya ga fata.

Matsa hannunka hagu zuwa mai yin tanda kuma ka aika insulin a hankali. Kar a canja wurin sirinji daga hannu zuwa hannu. Jira wani sakan na 5-7.

Cire allura. Latsa wurin allurar tare da busassun auduga mai ƙura. Kar a yi tausa.

Tambaye mai haƙuri game da lafiyar sa.

Don batun kayan aikin likita da za'a iya zubar dasu da kuma sake amfani dasu don magani bisa ga ka'idodi na masana'antu don tsabtacewa da tsabtace lokacin haifuwa da haifuwa.

Rashin daidaito da zubar da sharar gida daidai da San. PiN 2.1.7.728-99 "Dokokin tattarawa, adanawa da zubar da sharar gida daga ma'aikatar lafiya"

Cire safofin hannu, sanya cikin akwati-kwandon shara Wanke hannu a cikin tsabta.

Gargadi (kuma idan ya zama dole duba) cewa mara lafiya ya dauki abinci a cikin mintina 20 bayan allura (don hana yanayin cutar).

Zabi wurin Injection Inulin

Ana amfani da allurar insulin:

• gaban ciki na ciki (mafi sauri, ya dace da allurar insulin gajere da ultrashort abubuwa kafin abinci, abubuwan hade hade da insulin)
• cinya gaban-gwiwa, kafada ta waje, gindi-gindi (sharar hankali, ya dace da allura tsawanta insulin)

Yankin allurar insulin da ya dade yana aiki kada ya canza - idan yawanci ka dage a cinya, to yawan rashi zai canza yayin allura zuwa kafada, wanda hakan kan iya haifar da hawa da sauka a cikin sukarin jini!

Ka tuna cewa kusan bashi yiwuwa a allurar da kanka zuwa saman kafada da kanka (ga kanka) tare da madaidaicin dabarar allura, don haka amfani da wannan yankin zai yiwu ne kawai tare da taimakon wani!

Ana samun isasshen ƙwayar ƙwayar insulin ta hanyar saka shi cikin mai kitse mai kitse. Intradermal da intramuscular shigarwar insulin yana haifar da canji a cikin adadin sha da kuma canji a cikin tasirin hypoglycemic.

Me yasa ake buƙatar insulin?

A cikin jikin mutum, pancreas yana da alhakin samar da insulin. Don wasu dalilai, wannan sashin jiki yana fara aiki ba daidai ba, wanda ke haifar da ba kawai rage ƙwayar wannan hormone ba, har ma da cin zarafin abubuwan narkewar abinci da na rayuwa.

Tun da insulin yana ba da fashewa da jigilar glucose a cikin sel (a gare su shi ne kawai tushen samar da makamashi), lokacin da yake da rauni, jiki baya iya ɗaukar sukari daga abincin da aka cinye kuma ya fara tara shi cikin jini. Da zarar sukari na jini ya isa iyakarsa, toron ya sami wani siginar da jiki ke buƙatar insulin. Ta fara ƙoƙari na aiki don inganta shi, amma tunda aikinta ba shi da kyau, wannan, hakika, ba sa aiki da ita.

Sakamakon haka, sashin jiki yana fuskantar matsananciyar damuwa kuma ya fi cutarwa, yayin da adadin kuzarin insulin kansa yake raguwa da sauri. Idan mara lafiya ya rasa lokacin da zai yiwu a sassauta duk waɗannan hanyoyin, ya zama ba zai yiwu a gyara lamarin ba. Don tabbatar da daidaitaccen glucose a cikin jini, yana buƙatar yin amfani da analog na hormone koyaushe, wanda aka allura a cikin jiki. A wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar masu ciwon sukari don yin allura a kowace rana kuma cikin rayuwarsa.

Ya kamata kuma a faɗi cewa cutar siga tana da nau'ikan biyu. A cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, samar da insulin a cikin jikin yana ci gaba da adadin al'ada, amma a lokaci guda, ƙwayoyin sun fara rasa hankalin sa kuma sun daina ɗaukar makamashi. A wannan yanayin, ba a buƙatar insulin. Ana amfani dashi da wuya kuma kawai tare da ƙaruwa mai yawa a cikin sukarin jini.

Kuma nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 ana nuna shi ta hanyar cin zarafin ƙwayar cuta da kuma raguwa a cikin yawan insulin a cikin jini. Saboda haka, idan mutum ya sami wannan cuta, to, nan da nan sai a wajabta masa allura, kuma ana koya masa dabarun gudanarwar su.

Manyan dokokin allura

Hanyar gudanar da allurar insulin abu ne mai sauki, amma yana buƙatar ilimin asali daga mara lafiya da aikace-aikacen su a aikace. Matsayi na farko mai mahimmanci shine bin yarda da tsaiko. Idan aka keta waɗannan sharudda, to akwai haɗarin kamuwa da cuta da haɓaka mummunan rikice-rikice.

Don haka, hanyar yin allura na bukatar bin ka'idodin tsabtace masu zuwa:

• Kafin ɗaukar sirinji ko alkalami, wanke hannayenka sosai tare da sabulu mai ƙwayar cuta,
• shi ma yana bukatar a kula da shi, amma saboda wannan dalilin ba za a iya amfani da mafita mai amfani da giya ba (illar ethyl yana lalata insulin kuma yana hana sha cikin jini), ya fi kyau amfani da maganin maye,
• bayan allura, ana zubar da sirinji da allurar da aka yi amfani da su (ba za'a iya sake amfani dasu ba).

Idan akwai irin wannan halin da dole ne a yi allura akan hanya, kuma babu wani abu banda maganin da ke ɗauke da giya, za su iya kula da yankin na insulin. Amma zaka iya bayar da allura bayan da barasa ta bushe gaba ɗaya kuma yankin da aka kula da shi ya bushe.

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana yin allura rabin sa'a kafin cin abinci. An zaɓi sashi na insulin daban-daban, gwargwadon yanayin mai haƙuri. Yawancin lokaci, ana ba da nau'ikan insulin guda biyu ga masu ciwon sukari lokaci daya - a takaice kuma tare da tsawaita aiki. Algorithm don gabatarwar su ya ɗan bambanta, wanda kuma yana da mahimmanci a yi la'akari yayin gudanar da aikin insulin.

Yankunan allura

Dole ne a gudanar da allurar insulin a wurare na musamman inda zasuyi aiki sosai. Ya kamata a lura cewa waɗannan injections ba za a iya sarrafa su ta intramuscularly ko intradermally ba, kawai subcutaneously a cikin adipose nama. Idan an shigar da miyagun ƙwayoyi cikin ƙwayar tsoka, aikin hormone zai iya zama wanda ba a iya faɗi ba, yayin da hanyar da kanta zata haifar da jin daɗin ciwo ga mai haƙuri. Saboda haka, idan kai mai ciwon sukari ne kuma an umurce ka da allurar insulin, ka tuna cewa ba za ka iya sanya su ko'ina ba!

Likitocin sun ba da shawarar yin allura a bangarorin da ke gaba:

• ciki
• kafada
• cinya (kawai sashinta na sama,
• gindi (a cikin babban fili).

Idan an yi allura da kansa, to, wuraren da suka fi dacewa don wannan sune kwatangwalo da ciki. Amma a gare su akwai dokoki. Idan ana gudanar da insulin na dogon lokaci da aiki, to ya kamata a gudanar dashi a yankin cinya. Kuma idan aka yi amfani da insulin na gajeran lokaci, to ya fi dacewa a gudanar da shi cikin ciki ko kafada.

Irin waɗannan halayen na maganin magunguna ana haifar dasu ta dalilin cewa a cikin kwancen kafa da cinya cincin ƙwayar abu mai saurin aiki ne, wanda ake buƙata don tsawan aikin insulin. Amma a cikin kafada da ciki, matakan sha yana ƙaruwa, saboda haka waɗannan wuraren suna da kyau don adana allurar insulin gajere.

A lokaci guda, dole ne a faɗi cewa yankunan don saita inje dole ne a canza su koyaushe. Ba shi yiwuwa a tsayar da sau da yawa a jere a wuri guda, saboda wannan zai haifar da bayyanar raunuka da rauni. Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don maye gurbin yankin allura:

• Kowane lokaci da aka sanya allura kusa da wurin da aka yi allurar riga da shi, 2-3 cm kawai zai rabu da shi.
• Yankin gudanarwa (misali, ciki) ya kasu kashi 4. Makon sati daya, an sanya allura a cikin ɗayansu, sannan kuma a wani.
• Ya kamata a rarraba wurin allurar cikin rabi kuma a saka allura a cikinsu, da farko a daya, sannan kuma a ɗayan.

Wani muhimmin daki-daki. Idan an zaɓi yankin buttock don gudanar da aikin insulin na tsawan lokaci, to ba za'a iya maye gurbinsa ba, saboda wannan zai haifar da raguwa a matakin ɗaukar abubuwa masu aiki da raguwar tasiri na magungunan da aka gudanar.

Yin amfani da sirinji na musamman

Syringes don gudanarwar insulin suna da Silinda na musamman akan wannda akwai sikelin rarrabuwa, wanda zaku iya auna daidai sashi. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ga manya yana da raka'a 1, kuma ga yara sau 2 ƙasa, wato, raka'a 0.5.

Hanyar sarrafa insulin ta amfani da sirinji na musamman kamar haka:

1. hannaye yakamata a kula dasu da maganin maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta ko kuma a wanke su da sabulu na kwayar cuta,
2. ya kamata a jawo iska cikin sirinji zuwa alamar adadin raka'a da aka tsara,
3. ana buƙatar shigar da allurar sirinji a cikin kwalbar tare da maganin kuma a narkar da shi daga iska, sannan a tattara magungunan, adadinsa ya zama dan kadan fiye da yadda ake buƙata,
4. don saki iska mai wucewa daga sirinji, kuna buƙatar buga ƙwanƙwasa, kuma ku saki insulin wuce haddi a cikin kwalbar,
5. ya kamata a kula da wurin allurar tare da maganin maganin cututtukan fata,
6. yana da buqatar samar da qarin fata a kan fata kuma a sanya allurar a ciki a wani kusurwa na digiri 45 ko 90,
7. bayan kulawar insulin, yakamata ku jira 15-20 na minti, ku saki ayar sannan kawai bayan hakan ya fitar da allura (in ba haka ba magani ba zai sami lokacin shiga jini ya fita ba).

Yin amfani da alkalami mai sirinji

Lokacin amfani da alkalami na syringe, ana amfani da hanyar allura mai zuwa:

• Da farko kuna buƙatar haɗa insulin ta hanyar murɗa alkalami a cikin dabino,
• sannan kuna buƙatar barin iska ta fitar da sirinji don bincika matakin iyawar allura (idan an katange allura, ba za ku iya amfani da sirinji ba),
• to, kuna buƙatar saita sashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi ta amfani da wani abu na musamman, wanda yake a ƙarshen hannun,
• sannan ya zama dole don kula da wurin allurar, samar da fatar fata da kuma gudanar da maganin bisa ga tsarin da aka ambata a sama.

Mafi sau da yawa, ana amfani da almarar kwalayen motsi don sarrafa insulin ga yara. Sun fi dacewa ayi amfani da su kuma basa haifar da ciwo lokacin yin allura.

Sabili da haka, idan kai mai ciwon sukari ne kuma an ba ka allurar insulin kafin ka sanya su a kanka, kana buƙatar samun lessonsan darussan daga likitanka. Zai nuna yadda ake yin allura, a waɗanne wurare ya fi kyau yin wannan, da dai sauransu. Kawai ingantaccen tsarin kula da insulin da kuma yarda da abubuwan sa zai magance rikice-rikice da inganta yanayin yanayin mai haƙuri!