Kwayar cutar sankarau a cikin yaro mai shekaru 7

Cutar sankarar mellitus a cikin yara yana da alaƙa da raunin ƙwayar cuta saboda rashin insulin. Mafi yawanci ana gano cututtukan type 1 a cikin yaro. Dalilinsa shine amsawa daga tsarin rigakafi ga ƙwayoyin cuta, gubobi, kayan abinci a kan asalin yanayin gado.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, saboda sha'awar ƙurar kiba ta yara, wanda ke da alaƙa da samar da abinci mai banƙyama a cikin nau'ikan abubuwan sha da ke cike da sukari, abinci mai sauri, kayan kwalliya, endocrinologists sun lura da karuwa da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 tsakanin yara da matasa.

Alamomin kamuwa da cutar siga a cikin yara 'yan shekaru 7 na iya kasancewa a farkon cutar, duka zazzabin cizon sauro da kuma hoto na yau da kullun a alamu na rashin ruwa a jiki da asarar nauyi. A cikin lokuta na marigayi ganewar asali, yaro zai iya shigar da shi asibiti tare da alamun ƙwayar cutar coma, inda aka fara gano ciwon sukari.

Siffofin haɓakar ciwon sukari a cikin yara

Wani abu mai sanadin gado game da ciwon suga an bayyana shi a takamaiman tsarin kwayoyin halittu waɗanda ke akwai (a cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 1) akan kwaya ta shida. Ana iya gano su ta hanyar nazarin abubuwan antigenic na jini leukocytes. Kasancewar waɗannan nau'ikan halittu suna ba da damar mafi girma ga ciwon sukari.

Wani abin tashin hankali ana iya juyar da cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo guda biyu na cututtukan huhu, kyanda, mumps, cututtukan da ke haifar da cutar sankara, Coxsackie B. Baya ga ƙwayoyin cuta, wasu magunguna da magunguna, farkon sarrafa madara saniya da hatsi suma zasu iya haifar da ciwon sukari.

Bayan nunawa ga abin da ke da lahani, ƙwayoyin beta a cikin tsibirin na pancreas an lalace. Samun kayan rigakafin yana farawa ne daga abubuwan da membrane da cytoplasm na sel a jikin mutum. A cikin farji, zazzabi (insulin) ya girma azaman kumburi mai lalacewa na jiki.

Rushewar sel yana haifar da rashin insulin a cikin jini, amma hoto na yau da kullun ba ya bayyana nan da nan, ciwon sukari a cikin haɓakarsa yana gudana ta matakai da yawa:

• Lokaci na preclinical: gwaje-gwaje na jini al'ada ne, babu alamun cutar, amma ƙirƙirar ƙwayoyin rigakafi a kan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cuta ya fara.
• Ciwon sukari na daskarewa: glycemia na azumi shine al'ada, bayan cin abinci ko lokacin gudanar da gwajin haƙuri, ana gano adadin kuzarin jini na jini.
• Matsayi na alamun bayyanar cututtukan sukari: sama da kashi 85% na sel waɗanda suke samar da insulin an lalace. Akwai alamun cututtukan sukari, hyperglycemia a cikin jini.

Haɓakar insulin ya ragu, a cikin rashin allurar sa, akwai haɓakar haɓaka ketoacidosis tare da ƙwayar cuta tare da babban matsayi na hyperglycemia. Tare da farkon lokacin yin insulin da kuma daidaituwa na rashin aiki, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta na iya sake dawowa ɗayan, wanda aka nuna ta raguwa a cikin buƙatar ilimin insulin.

Wannan yanayin ana kiranta “amaryar,” ko kuma kawar da ciwon sukari. Tun da halayen autoimmune ba su daina ba, ƙwayoyin beta suna ci gaba da rushewa, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar bayyanar cututtuka na ciwon sukari tare da buƙatar gudanar da shirye-shiryen insulin cikin rayuwar mai haƙuri.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da nau'in ciwon sukari na biyu a cikin yara sun wuce kima, yawan motsa jiki, rikice-rikice a cikin glandar thyroid, glandon adrenal, da hypothalamus da pituitary gland shine yake. Wadannan abubuwan ana nuna su a gaban rage juriya ga carbohydrates, wanda aka gada.

Za a inganta ciyar da cutar sankara ta farko ta hanyar girman haihuwa, haɓaka haɓaka a cikin farkon rayuwa, da rashin abinci mai juna biyu yayin haihuwa: mafi yawan abinci mai narkewa a cikin abinci da rashin samfuran furotin a cikin abincin.

A cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, an fara samar da insulin a cikin isa, har ma ya ninka yawan ƙwayoyi, amma tsoka, hanta da ƙwayoyin tsopose nama ba za su iya amsawa ba saboda rashi mai ɗaukar wannan kwayoyin zuwa takamaiman masu karɓa.

Wannan yanayin ana kiransa juriya da insulin. Saboda haka, sabanin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, ba a sanya magani na insulin don wannan nau'in ciwon sukari ba, kuma an shawarci marasa lafiya da su iyakance mai sauƙin carbohydrates a cikin abincinsu don kada su motsa hanji kuma su ɗauki magungunan da ke ƙara karɓar amsawar masu karɓar insulin.