Yana da mahimmanci iyaye su san cewa ana tasirin cholesterol ba kawai a cikin manya ba, har ma a cikin yara. Jayayya daga ƙa'idar ta taso ne daga rashin abinci mai gina jiki, rayuwar rashin aiki, kiba, sanadin gado. Wuce abubuwan da ke cikin jinin yara na iya zama alama ta ci gaban wata cuta mai barazanar rayuwa. Ya kamata a binciki yara masu haɗarin a kai a kai.
Zaɓuɓɓukan Kulawa da Inganci
A mafi yawan lokuta, ba a buƙatar maganin ƙwayoyi. Don rage cholesterol, ana bada shawarar abinci da motsa jiki. An shawarci iyaye su nemi shawarar masanin abinci mai gina jiki wanda zai taimaka wajen daidaita abincin jariri daidai. Koyaya, lokacin da aka gano mummunan adadin abu, magani tare da kwayoyi na iya zama dole.
An wajabta maganin cututtukan ƙwayoyi bayan shekara 10, tunda ba a bincika tasirin kwayoyi ga jikin yara waɗanda shekarunsu suka girmi wannan zamani ba. Likitocin sun bada shawarar amfani da magunguna wadanda basa shiga cikin jini, amma suna toshe kodin cholesterol ta hanji. An wajabta Satin don rage haɗarin cututtukan zuciya, yara suna haifar da hypercholesterolemia da asali.
Nikotine ya cutar da bayanin martaba na jini, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci a hana matasa yawan shan sigari.
Cikakken abinci a matsayin tushen magani
Wajibi ne a ware abinci tare da mai mai yawa daga abincin. Masana ilimin abinci sun ba da shawarar cin yawancin nau'ikan abinci da nama da kifi, kayan kiwo mara-ƙanƙara, da abinci masu wadataccen fiber. Lokacin da ake tasirin cholesterol, sausages, kayan ginin masana'anta suna contraindicated, man shanu ya fi kyau maye gurbin kayan lambu. An yarda da qwai Chicken a cikin adadin 3-4 inji mai kwakwalwa. na mako daya.
Aiki na Jiki: ƙarfafa jiki
Wasanni na taimakawa wajen kara HDL. Ana nuna nau'in motsa jiki-nau'in motsa jiki; suna bayar da shawarar yin motsa jiki, tsere, da tsalle. Za a iya rikodin yaro a cikin sassan daban-daban (kwallon kafa, kwando, hockey, wasan tennis, rawa), sha'awar hawan keke. A lokacin ƙuruciya, yanayi yana tafiya tare da iyali duka zai zama mai ban sha'awa. Yana da mahimmanci a taƙaita saurayi yayin cin lokaci a TV da kwamfutar.
Hadarin rikitarwa
Increasedarin yawan abu a cikin jini yana ba da gudummawa ga haɓaka matakai na musanyawa cikin jiki. Kwalayen cholesterol suna tarawa akan bangon jijiyoyin jini, rage zubar jini. Mafi yawanci, ana amfani da tasoshin kwakwalwa da ƙwayar zuciya. Akwai haɗarin haɓakar infitar cikin zuciya, atherosclerosis, bugun jini, cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jiki, canje-canje a cikin ƙananan da na babba.
Shawarwarin hanawa
Tun daga ƙuruciya ya zama dole a saba wa tsarin rayuwa mai kyau, don kawar da abinci mai takamaiman daga abincin. Abincin abinci mai kyau da kuma motsa jiki na yau da kullun suna rage damar haɓakar babban cholesterol. Ana shawarci mutanen da ke da alaƙa da kwayoyin halitta da su riƙa yin gwaje-gwaje a koyaushe kuma su ba da gudummawar jini don bincike.
Menene wannan
Abubuwa masu kama da mai da ake kira cholesterol suna nan a cikin mutane a cikin nau'i na 2 - abubuwa "masu kyau" mai yawa na lipoproteins da "mara kyau" ƙarancin wadataccen abinci mai ƙarfi. Kowane bangare yana da nasa aikin. Na farko ya shiga cikin metabolism na fats, sunadarai, carbohydrates. "Mara kyau" shine membrane sel, suna cikin haɓakar hormones na jima'i da cortisol. Nau'i na biyu har ila yau yana ɗaukar nauyin musayar bitamin kuma yana haifar da mahaifa mahaifiyar yayin daukar ciki. Ana buƙatar wannan abun don haɓaka kwakwalwar yara.
Ana sanya 'lipoproteins' mara kyau tare da babban matsayi a cikin jini ana ajiye su a cikin jirgin ruwa a cikin filayen wasa. Wannan yana haifar da hankali a hankali na atherosclerosis, saboda wanda cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini ke haɓaka. Tare da atherosclerosis, kunkuntar tasoshin suna bayyana, wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar toshe su - m ko cikakke. Tare da rufe bakin ciki, cutar ischemic tana bayyana.
Tare da keta hakkin jini tsakanin zuciya da kwakwalwa, atherosclerosis yana shafar aikin dukkan gabobin. Tare da cikakkiyar toshe tasoshin, bugun zuciya ko bugun jini na tasowa. Atherosclerosis yana bayyana lokacin da akwai daidaituwa tsakanin nau'ikan cholesterol guda 2. Yayin kimantawa na jimlar cholesterol, ana la'akari da abubuwan da ke cikin triglycerides.
Tare da shekaru, al'ada na cholesterol yana ƙaruwa. Ana yin gwaje-gwaje daga shekaru 2. Manunin yana faruwa:
- An karɓa - ƙasa da 4.4 mmol / l.
- Borderline - 4.5-5.2 mmol / L.
- Babban - 5.3 mmol / L ko fiye.
Idan yaro yana da cholesterol mai yawa, me ake nufi? Wannan yana nuna cewa matakin sa ya wuce 5.3 mmol / L. Isa'ida na iya ƙara haɓaka ta jiki, wanda aka ƙaddara ta halayen mutum, abinci, matakin aiki na jiki. Amma akwai kuma karkatacciyar hanyar cuta daga dabi'un, lokacin da sanadin ke haifar da cututtuka. Ga kowane yanayi, ana buƙatar takamaiman tsarin kulawa. Mai haɗari shine karkacewa saboda bayyanuwa ga abubuwan da ke tattare da cutar.
Matsakaicin matakin
Yaron na iya samun cholesterol mai hauhawar jini saboda wani asali. A wannan yanayin, akwai yiwuwar babban tasirin mummunar illa da sauran dalilai. Babban cholesterol a cikin yaro alama ce ta fiye da 5.3 mmol / l a cikin yaro wanda bai kai shekara 12 da 5.5 - daga shekara 13 zuwa 18.
Idan an gano abnormalities, bincike na biyu da haɓakar lipidogram ƙwararre ne kwararre. An gano yawan haɗuwar lipoproteins mai girma da ƙananan girma. Idan an inganta ƙaruwarsu ko raguwa, an tsara maganin cutar kwayoyi kuma ana yin gyaran rayuwa.
Me yasa yaro ya sami babbar ƙwayar cuta? Wannan na iya zama saboda:
- Tare da kwayoyin halitta. Yana haifar da wasu dalilai. Lokacin da mahaifa ya bayyana atherosclerosis, yana da ciwon zuciya ko bugun jini, to, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta zata iya zama mafi girma fiye da al'ada a cikin yaro.
- Hypodynamia, rashin aiki na jiki. Idan kun yi watsi da ilimin ilimin jiki, zauna a kwamfutar na dogon lokaci kuma ba ku da sha'awar shiga cikin wasannin motsa jiki, wannan karkace na iya bayyana.
- Obese. Cutar na faruwa ne tare da rashin aiki na jiki ko rashin abinci mai ƙoshin abinci, wanda hakan ke cutar metabolism.
- Yanayin iko. Amfani da kitsen transgenic mai yawa ana kuma ɗauka asasi ne ga haɓakar haɓakar cholesterol.
Abolarancin ƙwayoyin cuta yana farawa daga ƙuruciya, lokacin ƙirƙirar halaye ta hanyar iyaye, ƙirƙirar tsarin yau da kullun da kuma haɗar da jaraba ga takamaiman abinci. Wannan yana tasiri ga tsarin kiwon lafiya da na halitta. Duk abin da ke haifar da ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin yaro, ya zama dole a mai da hankali da shi don inganta rayuwar gaba ɗaya.
Dangane da abubuwan jin daɗin rayuwa, ba za a iya gano kwayar cholesterol a cikin yaro ba. Wannan karkacewar ba ta da alamu, bayyanar cututtuka na asibiti tana da alaƙa da cutar sankara, wanda ya haifar da hauhawar ɓangaren jini.
Kuna iya bincika abubuwan da ke ciki ta hanyar yin gwajin jini. Tare da yanayin da aka yi watsi da shi, lokacin da ƙwayar cholesterol ta wuce al'ada, wannan na iya bayyana kanta a cikin hanyar:
- ajiya na cholesterol a karkashin fata, xanthelasma, xanthomas,
- tashin hankali a cikin kafafu bayan tafiya mai nisa.
Tashin hankali
A cikin adadin, al'ada cholesterol na iya shiga cikin narkewar abinci (tushen tushen sinadarin bile acid). Anyi la'akari da shi azaman kayan gini ne na kwayoyin hodar iblis steroid. Lokacin da abun ciki na yaro ya ƙaru kuma ba a yin magani, saboda wannan, kare rigakafi yana raguwa tare da sauran sakamako mara kyau.
Kwayar cholesterol a cikin yaro na haifar da cikas na tasoshin. Duwatsu suna bayyana a jikin bango, zubar jini yana da rikitarwa, kuma lokacin tsufa wannan na iya haifar da atherosclerosis. Idan babu magani, rashin lafiyar lipid metabolism na faruwa a cikin balaga. Hadaddun sun shafi tsarin zuciya, jijiyoyin ciki, gabobin endocrine da tsarin juyayi na tsakiya.
Binciko
Gwajin jini yana ba ka damar sanin ko ƙungiyar tasirin cholesterol ta haɓaka ko a'a. Likita ya tattara aikin ananesis na rayuwa da cututtukan da suka danganci, cututtukan da aka canzawa iyayen suna la'akari. An gudanar da bincike na farko bayan shekaru 2, kuma idan matakin al'ada ne, ana gudanar da binciken sakandare bayan shekaru 1-3. A fatawar iyayen, ana yin aikin a kowane lokaci.
Tabbatar da bincika:
- da wuce haddi mai nauyi, kiba,
- ciwon sukari
- tarihin dangi mara kyau
- rashin daidaitaccen abinci, yawan cin abinci mai yawa,
- rashin motsa jiki, rashin motsa jiki,
- tabarbarewar lafiya
- rage ci, cututtuka na narkewa kamar fili.
Rashin lafiya yana ba ka damar gano ƙwayar cholesterol. Idan akwai karkacewa daga al'ada, likita zai ba da umarnin da ya dace. Wajibi ne a bi duk shawarwarin da kwararrun masana suka bayar.
Tare da ƙara yawan ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin yaro mai shekaru 10, ƙarami ko babba, an wajabta magani mai wuya, wanda ya haɗa da rage cin abinci da shan magunguna (ƙwayoyin cuta, fibrates). An samar da al'ada tare da canza salon rayuwa. Yaron zai buƙaci ciyar da mafi yawan lokaci sosai, wasa wasanni a waje da yin motsa jiki.
An wajabta magunguna kan dalilin cutar sankara. Idan ana iya ba da ikon sarrafa abubuwan da ke tattare da kayan abinci ta hanyar abinci da aikin jiki, ba a sanya magunguna ba. Don daidaita yawan mai a cikin jini, dole ne ka:
- hana shan taba sigari,
- motsa jiki kowace rana
- cinye zare
- ci ƙasa da sukari
- maido da ayyukan yau da kullun, kwanciyar hankali.
Abinci mai gina jiki yana da mahimmanci:
- Rage abinci mai dauke da trans mai acid da mai mai yawa.
- Ana buƙatar rage amfani da sukari da kuma mai ladabi, carbohydrates “mai sauri”.
- Abincin yakamata ya zama kifi, farin nama, burodin hatsi gaba ɗaya.
- Madadin daskararra, mai kayan lambu yakamata a yi amfani dashi.
Ya kamata a ƙera kitse a ƙasa, ba a cire shi gaba ɗaya. Abincin shuka mai amfani - 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan marmari, hatsi, wanda a cikin babu cholesterol. Amma a cikin kayayyakin asalin dabba akwai da yawa daga gare ta.
Aiki na Jiki
Hanya mafi kyau na haɓakar ƙwayoyin lipoproteins masu yawa waɗanda jiki ke buƙata ana ɗaukar su motsa jiki. Aƙalla minti 20-30 na motsa jiki sau 3 a mako zai isa. Yana da mahimmanci cewa akwai nauyi akan ƙungiyoyi tsokoki na kafafu da kuma ƙarfin bugun zuciya. Ga yara, ayyukan da zasu biyo baya zasu zama kyakkyawan aikin jiki:
- hawan keke
- abin hawa
- doguwar tafiya cikin yanayi,
- igiya tsalle
- wasannin ball.
Kuna buƙatar ciyarwa kaɗan lokacin da zai yiwu akan talabijin da na'urori. Yaran da ke da haɗari ga kiba yawanci suna da ƙananan matakin HDL da babban taro na LDL. Tare da daidaituwa na nauyi, cholesterol ya sami matakin da ake so.
Shan taba
An buƙaci don hana shan sigari tsakanin matasa, saboda yana cutar da tsarin lafiyar jini da sauran fannoni daban-daban na kiwon lafiya. Wajibi ne a kare yaro a wuraren taron masu shan sigari. Bayan haka, hayaki na biyu yana da lahani sosai. Don magance shan sigari da hypodynamia, ana buƙatar misali na sirri game da iyaye, sannan yaro zai kasance yana da masaniyar kyakkyawan salon rayuwa.
An wajabta waɗannan magunguna ga yara da wuya, kawai a gaban waɗancan nau'ikan cholesterol waɗanda suka fito daga cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, kuma ba saboda abinci ba ko salon rayuwa mara daidai.
Idan cholesterol baya raguwa bayan dawo da abinci da kuma daidaita salon rayuwa, to ana wajabta abinci na musamman ne bayan ganawar kwararrun masana. Haka nan akwai sauran motsa jiki na musamman da ke kawar da yawan kiba. Amma a lokuta masu rikitarwa, bayan tattaunawa tare da likita, za'a iya amfani da statins. Wajibi ne a bi maganin da ƙwararren likita ya tsara. Bayan watanni 2-4, ana yin gwaji akan abin da ya shafi lipids a cikin jini. Wannan zai ba ka damar kimanta sakamakon warkarwa.
Babban rigakafin rikice-rikice ya ƙunshi riƙe madaidaicin nauyi da kuma bin ka'idodin tsarin rayuwa mai lafiya. Tare da ƙwayar ƙwayar cholesterol, ana iya rubuta ɗan yaro magunguna don daidaita wannan abin, ciki har da statins - Prakhavol. Ana iya amfani da wannan magani a cikin lura da tsinkayen kwayoyin halitta. Yawancin lokaci, bin shawarar kwararrun, matakan cholesterol ya zama al'ada.
Menene cholesterol?
Abubuwa masu kama da mai da ake kira cholesterol (ana daukar su tare da cholesterol) suna nan a cikin mutane ta hanyar sassan biyu - “mai kyau” mai yawa na lipoproteins (HDL) da “marasa kyau” mai yawa na rashin ƙarfi na lipoproteins (LDL). Kowane ɗayan sassan ƙwayoyin cholesterol suna yin ayyukansa. HDL ya shiga cikin metabolism na fats, sunadarai da carbohydrates. "Mara kyau" LDL shine membrane na duk sel, shiga cikin samar da kwayoyin hodar iblis da kuma cortisol. LDL kuma yana cikin metabolism na bitamin kuma yana haifar da mahaifar mahaifiyar yayin daukar ciki. Wannan abin yana da mahimmanci don ci gaban kwakwalwar yara.
Ana sanya 'lipoproteins' mara kyau tare da matakan haɓaka a cikin jini a jikin bango na ciki na tasoshin jini a cikin nau'ikan plaques.
A wannan yanayin, a hankali atherosclerosis ana kafa shi, wanda ke haifar da cututtukan tsarin zuciya. Atherosclerosis yana haifar da vasoconstriction, wanda ke hade da sashinsu ko cikakkiyar toshewa. Tare da rufe kansu, cututtukan ischemic suna haifar. Rushe wurare dabam dabam na jini da ke faruwa a cikin zuciya da kwakwalwa, atherosclerosis ba zai tasiri aikin wannan gabobin ba. Sakamakon cikakken haɗin jini na jini shine bugun zuciya ko bugun jini.
Ana yin atherosclerosis lokacin da rashin daidaituwa tsakanin “mara kyau” da “mai kyau” cholesterol. Lokacin da ake tantance jimlar cholesterol, ana yin la'akari da matakin triglycerides.
Me yasa cholesterol ya hau
Cholesterol a cikin yara yakan tashi saboda dalilai masu zuwa:
- Ga mafi yawan sashin, wannan abinci ne mara kyau da salon rayuwa. Wannan ya kamata a fahimta shi azamar cin abincin da kuma amfani da abinci mai cutarwa tare da babban sinadarin cholesterol. Margarine da mai dafa abinci da iyaye ke amfani da shi don dafa abinci sune ƙoshin trans, wanda ya haɓaka “mara kyau” ya kuma rage ƙananan “mai kyau”.
- Dalilin cutar cholesterol a cikin yaro na iya zama dalilin gado. Idan dangi sun sami bugun jini, bugun zuciya ko angina pectoris, to yana yiwuwa yaran suma suna da babban kwaladi. Cututtukan da iyaye ke fama da su na iya faruwa yayin da yara suka girma kuma suka kai shekaru 40-50.
- Yara masu fama da ciwon sukari ko hauhawar jini suna dauke ne zuwa babban cholesterol.
- Cutar cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini a cikin yara wani lokaci ne na duba cholesterol na jini.
- Shan taba sigari yana kara yawan kiba.
- Rashin aikin jiki.
Abincin da ba a daidaita shi ba da kuma salon rayuwa mai sarkakiya sune manyan dalilai na haɓakar cutar yara, farawa da manyan ƙwayoyin cuta.
Awanni na zaune a kwamfyuta don yara yana taimakawa kiba, kuma wannan yana haifar da haɗarin haɓaka cholesterol da haɓaka wasu cututtukan haɗuwa.
Lokacin da aka bincika cholesterol a cikin yara
Choara yawan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin yara yana da alaƙa da haɗarin cutar zuciya. Don haka, ya zama dole a sanya ido a kan matakinsa tun daga farkon rayuwarsa.
Norm na cholesterol a cikin yara:
- daga shekaru 2 zuwa 12, matakin al'ada shi ne 3.11-5.18 mmol / l,
- daga shekara 13 zuwa 17 - 3.11-5.44 mmol / l.
Ana yin gwajin jini na cholesterol ga yara ne kawai bayan ya kai shekaru biyu.
A wani lokacin tsufa, ma'anar mai ba shi da ma'ana. Ana bincika yaro a shekaru 2 idan yana cikin babbar haɗari. Wannan rukuni ya haɗa da yara a ƙarƙashin halaye masu zuwa:
- idan daya daga cikin iyayen ya kamu da ciwon zuciya ko bugun jini kafin ya shekara 55,
- idan iyaye suna da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta,
- yaro yana da ciwon sukari mellitus ko hawan jini.
Ko da tare da alamu na yau da kullun, yara masu haɗari ana ba su ikon sarrafawa kowace shekara 5.
Yadda ake rage cholesterol
Tare da karuwa a LDL, likitoci suna amfani da hadaddun magani:
- Dalilin far shine ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki. Yakamata menu ya bambanta. Yara suna buƙatar ciyar da su sau 5 a rana a cikin ƙaramin rabo. Guji yawan wuce gona da iri. Kare abinci a cikin daren yamma.
- Chips, shawarwari, soyayyen faranti, hamburgers tare da ba tare da mayonnaise an cire su daga abincin ba. Sun ƙunshi mummunan cholesterol, haɓaka haɓakar atherosclerosis.
- Tsarin menu ya cire kitsen trans - margarine, mai dafa abinci. An maye gurbinsu da fats na kayan lambu - zaitun, soya.
- Nama mai, kitse, hanta, hanta gaba daya ba'a cire su. Tsarin menu bai ƙunshi kyafaffen mai, mai kitse ba, abinci mai soyayye Lokacin yin soya, an samar da abinci mara amfani da abinci mai gina jiki da sinadaran carcinogens.
- An fi son naman fararen fata ba tare da fata ba, turkey, zomo an bada shawarar.
- Iyakance kayayyakin kiwo na mai mai yawa - kirim mai tsami, tsami. Aiwatar da yogurt, kefir, madara na gasa mai dafaffen cuku, cuku gida low 1% mai. Bayan shekara biyu, zaku iya ba madara 2%. Tsarin menu ya haɗa da nau'ikan cuku mai taushi - feta, mozzarella, cuku Adyghe, cuku cuku.
- Iyakance a sauƙaƙe ƙwayoyin carbohydrates - kayan gasa, cakulan, soda da ruwan sha. Rage yawan cin sukarinku da sihirinku.
- Tsarin ya hada 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari. Kafin cin abinci, yana da amfani don bayar da salads. Suna mamaye jiki da bitamin, kuma suna baka damar iyakance yawan abincin mai kalori.
- Ya kamata menu ya haɗa da mayukan acid na polyunsaturated da aka samo a cikin kifin mai mai mai da man zaitun mai sanyi.
- Abincin hatsi gaba ɗaya - shinkafa, oat, buckwheat - suna taimaka wa runtse cholesterol.
- Tsarin menu ya haɗa da Legumes na lemo (wake, lentil) waɗanda ke rage LDL.
- Albasa, tafarnuwa da sauran kayan ƙanshi ana amfani da su. Ta hanzarta narkewar abinci, suna taimakawa rage ƙwayar cholesterol da nauyi.
- Idan ɗanku yana da ƙwayar cholesterol sosai, kuna buƙatar sanin yadda ake dafa abinci. Ana iya gasa su, a dafa, a dafa, amma ba a soya.
Ba tare da jiran haɓakar cholesterol a cikin jinin yaro ba, kuna buƙatar jan abincinsa tare da ƙaramar adadin cutarwa (mai cike da ƙoshin), da samfuran kamar: hamburgers, karnuka masu zafi, lemonade yakamata a cire su daga abincin
Ko da tare da abinci mai kyau, yara suna samun nauyi idan sun motsa kaɗan.
Maimakon kasancewa a cikin kwamfuta, yana da amfani don gano yara a cikin sashin wasanni. Kuna iya ɗaukar biyan kuɗi zuwa tafkin. Aikata motsa jiki yana rage cholesterol da sukari na jini. Godiya ga rayuwar jiki mai aiki, rigakafin jiki da juriya ga cututtuka suna kara yawa.
Magungunan magani
Yaran da ke dauke da kwalagin kwala da hadarin cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki an sanya su cikin abinci mai inganci kuma suna kiyaye nauyin al'ada. Amma a wasu halaye, tun farkon shekaru 8-10, ana wajabta magani. Ana amfani da shirye-shiryen ganye na polycosanol. Waɗannan magunguna suna rage LDL ɗin "mara kyau" kuma suna ƙara "kyau" HDL. Ofayansu Phytostatin.
Sakamakon haka, mu tuna cewa yara sukan sami hauhawar jini. Abinda ya fi faruwa shine rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Hakanan kwayoyin halitta suna taka rawa sosai. Cututtukan zuciya suna shafar yara masu haɗari, haka kuma tare da ƙwayar cholesterol. Babban magani shine abinci mai dacewa. Bugu da kari, yara suna jan hankalin wasanni ko ilimin motsa jiki. Kyakkyawan abinci mai kyau da aiki na jiki suna rage haɗarin cutar bayan girma.
Labarin Cholesterol
Wajibi ne ga rayuwar kowace halitta. Kyakkyawan cholesterol shine hade da kitse mai kitse da wasu sassan hadaddun sunadarai. Manyan abubuwan lipoproteins masu yawa an sanya su ta hanyar HDL. Kwayar cuta mara kyau na iya haifar da toshewar tasoshin jini sakamakon yawan ƙwayar mai a jikin bango. Poarancin lipoproteins mai yawa ana nuna ta LDL.
Ana iya zargin cin zarafi a gaban kiba a cikin yaro. Wannan ita ce alama ta farko da ya kamata ta hanzarta aiwatar da wannan bincike.
Koda a lokacin da yake karami, mummunan cholesterol na iya sanya wani yanayi wanda zai iya haifar da ci gaban cututtukan zuciya da atherosclerosis.
A cikin ƙuruciya, ainihin jiki yana buƙatar wannan abun, tunda yana taimakawa ci gaban kwakwalwa, yana kare kyallen takarda daga rashin ruwa, yana ƙarfafa tsarin jijiya.
Cholesterol yana ba da gudummawa ga samar da bitamin D, wanda ake buƙata a ƙuruciya don hana haɓaka ƙwayar cuta. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a kula da daidaituwarsa, saboda haɓaka ko runtse cholesterol zai iya haifar da wasu matsaloli.
Jikin yarinyar ya cinye mai mai yawa fiye da buƙata na manya, bi da bi, a cikin ƙuruciya, ƙayyadaddun ka'idojin suna da ɗan damuwa.
Lokacin da mai nuna alamar ya wuce iyaka na sama, to sai an gano hypercholesterolemia, bayan haka an tsara babban binciken don gano abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar. An ƙayyade ka'idoji a cikin yara dangane da shekaru da jinsi.
Hanyoyi don gano ƙwayar cholesterol
Don gano matsalar a dace kuma a sha magani yadda yakamata, ya zama dole a duba jinin kodayaushe don mai mai. Don yin wannan, dole ne a ƙaddamar da shi don bincike a cikin asibitin yara mafi kusa. A can za ku iya gano babban alama kuma ku yi amfani da bayanin martaba na lipid don ƙayyade taro da daidaita daidaitaccen cholesterol.
A gida, ana iya yin nazarin ta amfani da glucometer wanda ke goyan bayan wannan aikin, da kuma rabe-raben gwaji na musamman, amma kawai manuniya gabaɗaya za a iya gani a wurin.
Samun jini don ƙudurinsa an yi shi daga yatsa, kuma ana buƙatar jini mai ɓacin rai don bayanin martaba na lipid. Kafin aiwatarwa, bai kamata ku ci kimanin awa 8-12 ku cinye ƙoshin dabbobi kamar yadda zai yiwu tsawon makonni 3-4.
Yawancin lokaci, idan babu tuhuma, ana ba da shawarar cewa yara suyi wannan bincike tun suna shekaru 8-11, sannan daga 17 zuwa 21 years old.
Idan akwai dangi na kusa a cikin dangi waɗanda suka sha wahala dyslipidemia, cututtukan zuciya da tsufa, ko kuma idan yaron yana fama da ciwon sukari, hauhawar jini, da kiba, to lallai ne a bincika wannan alamar ta fara daga shekara 2.
Cutar Rashin Cutar ciki
Alamar da ta fi daukar hankali ita ce bayyanar da nauyi. Yawancin lokaci wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga abinci mara kyau. Bugu da kari, wasu alamun na iya bayyana, kamar:
- Hawan jini. Ga yara, matsin lamba na 90/60 ko 100/60 halayen ne. Idan yana yawan hawa sama da 120/70, wannan yana nuna cewa haɗuwar mai mai yawa tana ƙaruwa, don haka yana ƙaruwa sosai da jini.
- Rage abinci. A lokaci guda, nauyin jariri, akasin haka, zai kasance ko dai a cikin iyakokin al'ada ko ƙaramin ƙasa. Matsalar anan shine gastrointestinal fili bazai iya jurewa da yawan abinci mai mai yawa kuma ci a hankali a cikin yara.
- Sugarara yawan sukarin jini a cikin yaro. A lokaci guda, alade baya magance da kyau tare da ƙaruwa da yawan ƙwayar mai a jiki. Lokacin da cholesterol yayi yawa, yana samarda karin insulin don aiwatar da wadannan abubuwan. Idan ba a yi maganin ta hanyar da ta dace ba, to asirin masu karɓar insulin yana faruwa, yanayin da ke fama da cutar sankara ya shiga, sannan kuma cikekken insulin da ke ɗauke da cutar kansa.
Menene ma'anar matakin sama?
Tunda cholesterol muhimmin abu ne na ginin jikin mutum, ya wuce haddi yana haifar da matsala ga gabobin da yawa, kamar su narkewa kamar jijiyoyi, juyayi, garkuwar jiki da tsarin jijiyoyin jini.
Wannan bangaren yana da alaqa da halittar kwayoyin halittar jima'i kuma yana taimakawa kare mutum daga kamuwa da cutar kansa. Idan daidaitaccen ya rikice, to, gazawar hormonal ya faru.
Yawan adadin lipids suna kaiwa zuwa bayyanar filaye a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jini da kuma rauni mai rauni. Jigilar jini zuwa zuciyar sauran kashin jikin mutum yana raguwa, wanda ke lalata yanayin “motar”, da sauran tsare-tsaren da gabobin jikinsu.
Sanadin High cholesterol
Duk dalilai na ciki da na waje zasu iya haifar da karuwa a cikin wannan alamar:
- Raba gado shine babban abin da ke tantance kungiyar hadarin. Yaran da iyayensu suka sha wahala daga cutar atherosclerosis, cututtukan zuciya, suna fama da bugun zuciya da bugun zuciya, galibi a nan gaba kansu da kansu suna fama da matsalar rashin lafiyar hanji.
- Abincin da ba shi da kyau, mai-calorie mai yawa, abinci mai ƙiba, abinci mai sauri - waɗannan sune manyan dalilai na haɓakar nauyi da haɓaka kiba.
- Rage aiki. Yara na yau da kullun suna da hannu sosai, suna son gudu da tsalle, amma kwanan nan, mutane da yawa suna amfani da lokaci a kwamfuta, TV, basa motsa jiki kuma suna tafiya kadan, wanda hakan yana haifar da matsaloli.
- Cutar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta kamar koda, hanta, cututtukan hanji da cututtukan fata.
- Shan taba. Yawancin iyaye ba su tunanin cewa idan yaro ya sha taba, to, aikin hantarsa yana ƙaruwa kuma ganuwar tasoshin zai rushe.
A hadarin sune yara masu cutar hawan jini, ciwon sukari. Ya kamata su riƙa yin wannan gwajin lokaci-lokaci, galibi sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2-3.
Yadda za a dawo da mai nuna alama a al'ada
Da wuya likitocin suka yi amfani da magunguna ga yara kanana. Ainihin, don samun ƙimar al'ada, ana bada shawara don canza salon rayuwa.
Yaron yana buƙatar yin motsa jiki a kullun kuma ya haɓaka ayyukan jiki gaba ɗaya a cikin yini.
Hakanan yana da mahimmanci sosai don sake tunani game da abinci, cire abinci mai daɗi da mai mai, muffins, soda, sausages, man shanu. Madadin haka, kuna buƙatar gabatar da 'ya'yan itatuwa, kayan marmari, nama mai faɗi, kifi, abincin teku, man kayan lambu, ruwan lemon da aka matse, ganye, tafarnuwa.
Yi jita-jita dole ne a steamed ko dafa shi.
Don haɓaka abincin yau da kullun, yana da mahimmanci don yin la’akari da adadin sunadarai, mai da carbohydrates daidai da shekarun ɗan, saboda wannan akwai tebur na musamman. Yayin lokacin jiyya, kowane watanni shida wajibi ne don bincika canje-canje a cikin bayanan lipid.
Lafiya Jiki
Don zaɓar menu na dama da ƙananan cholesterol zuwa matakin da ake so, likita yayi la'akari da nauyi, jigon taro na jikin yaron. Ba tare da la'akari da shekaru ba, dole ne kowa ya ƙara yawan motsa jiki, da kuma matasa masu shan sigari, sun bar mummunan al'ada.
Abubuwan da aka haramta sun hada da:
- Kawa, shayi mai karfi, koko.
- Yin burodi, kayan lambu, kayan kwalliya, cakulan.
- Nama mai, kifi, man alade, hanta, kodan, caviar.
- Pickles, kayan yaji da kyafaffen kayan abinci.
- Samfura daga maki mai laushi.
- 'Ya'yan itace mara dadi
- Zobo, alayyafo, radish.
- Semolina.
Gabatarwa mai amfani zuwa menu shine:
- Kayan abinci daga girki mai kaifi na alkama.
- Croup: buckwheat, oatmeal, alkama.
- Kayan mai kitse, kaji.
- Madara da kayayyakin kiwo da mai mai mai yawa.
- Qwai
- Kifin Abinci.
- Green da ganye shayi shayi.
- 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da berries. Kuna iya yin ruwan 'ya'yan itace sabo ko' ya'yan itace daga gare su.
- Kayan lambu: tumatir, dankali, zucchini, karas, beets, cucumbers, broccoli, farin kabeji, kabeji na Beijing.
- Ganye, tafarnuwa.
Magungunan magani
Idan ba'a lura da canje-canje tare da abinci mai dacewa da haɓaka aiki na jiki ba, to ana sake yin cikakken binciken jikin yaron don gano sauran cututtukan.
Bayan shekaru 8 zuwa 9, ana iya tsara wasu magunguna waɗanda zasu rage ƙwayar cholesterol. Masu neman mulki sun fara dauka ne bayan shekaru 10. Amma tare da hypercholesterolemia na gado a cikin hadaddun al'amura, ana iya ba da Pravastatin bayan shekara 8.
Thea'idar aikin miyagun ƙwayoyi ta dogara ne akan gaskiyar cewa bile acid (cholestyramine, colestipol, chamomile) suna ɗaure acid hanta a cikin hanjin kuma suna hanzarta fitar da jijiyoyin wuya. Sannan cholesterol hepatic ya fara kashewa akan aikin bile acid, don haka ragi ya ragu. Wadannan kudaden basu shiga jiki kuma ana daukar su lafiyayyun yara.
Yin amfani da magani bayan shekaru 10 na iya zama saboda rashi sakamakon tasirin abinci mai gina jiki, lokacin da kwayar cholesterol ba ta ragu ba shekara daya ƙasa da 190. Idan abincin ya taimaka rage shi zuwa 160, to tarihin iyali tare da haɓaka farkon cututtukan zuciya ko kasancewar wasu abubuwan haɗari.
Lokacin da matakin ya ragu zuwa 130, yaro yana buƙatar magani idan ya kamu da ciwon sukari, hauhawar jini, da kiba.
Choarancin cholesterol
Don ingantaccen haɓaka jikin mutum, yaro yana buƙatar cholesterol, kuma rashi na iya haifar da mummunar matsalolin kiwon lafiya. Babban dalilan ragewan mai nuna alama shine tsinkayen kwayoyin halitta, cututtukan hanta, abinci mara kyau tare da wuce haddi na carbohydrates da rashin mai, cututtukan cututtukan thyroid na kullum.
Babban cutar a wannan yanayin zai zama rashin kwanciyar hankali, rashin bacci. Wasu lokuta matsaloli na iya tashi saboda amfani da wasu ƙwayoyi ko tare da matakan kumburi, guba.
Yaro na iya fara yin nauyi, koda kuwa yana da sinadarin karancin jini. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa jiki ba zai iya ɗaukar kitse daidai ba, yayin da baya karɓar sauran abubuwa, alal misali, serotonin. A wannan yanayin, zai iya haɓaka ba daidai ba ta jiki da ta ruhi. A cikin wannan rukuni na marasa lafiya, an lura da halin damuwa, hare-haren wuce gona da iri na iya faruwa.
Yin rigakafin
Don hana sakamako mara dadi, ya zama dole a saka idanu akan abin da yaron ya ci. Yana da mahimmanci ba ma kawai adadin kuzari na abinci ba, har ma da yawan adadin kuzari, carbohydrates da sunadarai a rana. Ya kamata a maye gurbin kitse na dabbobi da kayan kitse.
Yana da mahimmanci a yi wasanni kuma a yi wasan motsa jiki na yau da kullun. Idan akwai wasu cututtukan cututtukan fata, suna buƙatar kulawa da su a kan kari.
Cholesterol abu ne mai mahimmanci ga rayuwar kowace halitta. Lokacin da aka sami daidaituwa ga ma'auni na cutarwa da amfani, abubuwa daban-daban na cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cuta suna fara ingantawa a cikin jikin mutum.
Don hana haɓaka mai tsayi da ƙananan, har ma da rikice-rikicen halayen, kuna buƙatar saka idanu akan ayyukan, abinci mai gina jiki, lafiyar yaran kuma ɗauki matakan da suka dace don gyara su.
Abin da ake ɗauka na yau da kullun
Norm na cholesterol a cikin yara:
0-1 watan - 1.6-3.0 mmol / l,
1 wata-shekara 1 - 1.8-3.7 mmol / l,
1 shekara-12 years - 3.7-4.5 mmol / l,
girmi shekaru 12 kuma a cikin manya ka'idojin sun kai 5 mmol / l.
Matsayi na cholesterol a tsakanin waɗannan dabi'un ya fi dacewa da jiki dangane da rage haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya da rikitarwarsu.
Me yasa cholesterol ya hau
Babban cholesterol a cikin yara yana hade da cuta kamar su hypercholesterolemia na hereditary. Gabaɗaya, wannan ma ba cuta ce irin wannan ba, a'a yanayi ne ko alama, saboda wanda aikin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini suke ciyar da shi.
Hypercholesterolemia zai iya gado ta ɗa daga ɗayan iyayen, wanda ke da alaƙa da lalacewar kwayoyin halitta.
Lessarancin da ba a saba da shi ba, a cikin balagaggu, haɓakar ƙwayar jini yana faruwa saboda rashin abinci mai gina jiki da kuma rashin motsa jiki (salon raunin hankali).
Yawan su yana haɓaka da sauri, likitoci sun ce kusan 15-18% na yara na zamani suna da kiba, ko da yake a ƙarshen ƙarni na ƙarshe kawai kashi 2-3% sun sami irin wannan cutar.
Sabili da haka, a zamanin abinci mai sauri, ya kamata iyaye su sanya ido sosai a kan abincin 'ya'yansu, yi ƙoƙarin shirya menu don, in ya yiwu, ware ko aƙalla iyakance samfuran abin da ƙwayoyin cholesterol suke shiga cikin jikin.
Yadda zaka bincika cholesterol dinka
Idan akwai tuhuma game da cewa cholesterol na yaro ya wuce al'ada, to kuna buƙatar bayar da gudummawar jini - daga jijiya kuma tsananin a kan komai a ciki.
Baya ga bincika jimlar matakin cholesterol, an kuma bada shawarar yin gwajin jini don triglycerides, LDL (low lipoproteins low), HDL (ƙarancin lipoproteins mai yawa), ƙirar atherogenic don tantance haɗarin cutar cututtukan zuciya.
Abinda zaka iya kuma bazaka iya cinye lokacinda kwalar kwalar ka tayi yawa
Ana samun babban adadin kuzari a cikin gwaiduwa na kwai kaza, ƙwayar naman sa, hanta, caviar ja, man shanu, harshe, dunƙulen ƙwaya, da kuma jatan lande.
Anan akwai wasu samfurori waɗanda aka ba da shawarar su maye gurbinsu ko an cire su gaba ɗaya idan ɗan yana da ƙwayar cholesterol:
Ya kamata a musanya farin burodin da aka gama da alkama ko kuma garin alkama,
maye gurbin miya a kan kayan miya da kayan lambu,
ware ƙwai da soyayyen, amma zaka iya amfani da furotin kaza mai dafaffen nama,
man alade, man shanu, margarine don maye gurbinsu da kowane mai kayan lambu,
nama mai kitse, cire duk wani sauss, amma a kai a kai sun hada da kaji, turkey, naman zomo, da dafa abinci ba tare da fata ba,
daga walnuts bayar da fifiko ga walnuts, ware salim pistachios da gyada,
kayan lambu soyayyen, musamman dankali, maye gurbinsu da sabo ko Boiled,
daga sha za ku iya cin 'ya'yan itace da abubuwan sha na Berry, shayi, kofi ba tare da madara ba,
Ya kamata a cire mayonnaise da kirim mai tsami cokali, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da kayan ƙanshin, an kuma ba da izinin ƙaramin ganyen miya.
Cholesterol na jini
A cikin balagaggen manya, maida hankali ne akan milligram 140 zuwa 310 a kowace lita
Ginin jikin sel an gina shi daga cholesterol. Yana ba da gudummawa ga samar da kwayoyin halittar jima'i, yana daidaita ayyukan narkewar hanji, yana kare jiki daga cutar kansa, yana ƙarfafa tsarin jijiyoyi da garkuwar jiki. A cikin jikin yara yana da alhakin ci gaban tunani da ta jiki. Wannan yana bayyana wadatar madara da nono tare da cholesterol.
Kwayar halitta zata iya zama ko aboki ko mai yanke hukunci. Kyakkyawan rabo daga cikin jigon cikin jini yana samar da adadin kuzarin "mai kyau" - yana tallafawa aikin jikin yarinyar kuma baya barin adibas a bangon jijiyoyin jini, da kuma rashin "mummunan" rufe hanyoyin jini. Amma idan muna magana ne game da babban matakin kwayar cholesterol a cikin jinin yara, to wannan alamar zata dace da ka'idodi.
Ana yin auna ta a cikin millimoles ko a cikin milligram. Cutar da hankali yana haɓaka tare da shekaru. Da mazan mutum, mafi girma da adadi. A cikin yara, ana ba da kyawawan halaye na cholesterol, waɗanda aka bayar a cikin teburin shekaru:
Shekaru
Al'ada | Jariri
53- 135 mg / L (1.37-3.5 mmol / L)
|
Har zuwa shekara 1
70-175 mg / L (1.81-4.53 mmol / L)
|
Daga shekara 1 zuwa shekara 12
120-200 mg / L (3.11-5.18 mmol / L)
|
Shekaru 13-17
120-210 mg / L (3.11-5.54 mmol / L)
|
A cikin balagaggen, a maida hankali ne milligrams 140 zuwa 310 a kowace lita.
Pathological girma na nuna alama na yiwuwa, kamar yadda aka yi imani da shi, ba wai kawai cikin manya ba. Ba a cire tasirin cholesterol a cikin yaro tun yana dan karami.
Halin yana buƙatar yanke shawara na kai tsaye game da dalilin, tun haɓarin cutar farko da bugun jini yana yiwuwa. Ba shi yiwuwa a tantance karkatar da kwayar cutar cholesterol ta alamun waje, musamman ma a farkon matakin. Sabili da haka, iyaye suna buƙatar sanin abubuwan da zasu haifar da wannan sabon abu.
Yaran da magabatansu kafin gwiwa ta biyu sun kamu da bugun zuciya ko bugun jini suna cikin haɗari
Sakamakon binciken likita ya tabbatar da cewa idan iyaye, kakanin iyayen suna da matakin haɓaka, to yuwuwar watsa wannan fasalin ga yara da jikoki shine kashi 30-70%. Dangane da haka, duk sakamakon da ke tattare da karkacewa da dabi'un da ke tattare da irin waɗannan mutane a rayuwarsu tare da tsinkayar cutar zuciya da hauhawar jini. Riskungiyar haɗarin ta haɗa da yara waɗanda kakanninsu kafin gwiwa na biyu suka sami rauni a zuciya ko bugun jini kafin shekarun su 55 (mata), shekaru 65 (maza) ko fama da ciwon sukari mellitus ko hauhawar jini.
Dogaro da cholesterol a tseren mutum ana yin la'akari da galibi daga likitocin ƙasashen waje kuma, a matsayinka na doka, daga likitocin Amurka. Hadarin cututtukan an rarraba shi kamar haka a tsarin ragewa:
Recommendedara yawan motsa jiki yana bada shawarar.
Likitocin dabbobi suna ba da shawara ga yara daga shekara goma su gudanar da bincike. Gudanarwa mai biyowa, tare da aikin farko na yau da kullun, a shekaru 17. Koyaya, bai kamata ku bi waɗannan shawarwarin ba, amma ya kamata ku duba daga shekara biyu idan:
Idan yaro yana da babban farashi, to yakamata a ziyarci masanin abinci mai gina jiki. Specialistwararren likita zai taimake ka zaɓi abinci da maye gurbin abincin da ke cikin abincin, mai ƙoshin mai mai yawa, tare da abinci mai wadatattun abubuwan gina jiki. Hakanan ana ba da shawarar ƙara yawan motsa jiki (wasannin waje a sararin sama, ziyartar sassan wasanni)
Hanyar ganewar asali a ƙarƙashin la'akari shine mafi araha da tasiri. Ingancin bincike ya dogara da bin ka'idodin shiri don bincike. Kuskuren kuskuren binciken zai iya zama kaɗan kuma bai wuce 1% ba.
Ana yin samfurin jini tare da kayan aiki mai ƙanshi. An sanya kayan kayan halitta a kan mai nazarin abin da ke ƙayyade matakin cholesterol. Maganar don fitar da sakamako ba ta wuce rana guda ba.
Za a iya haɓaka cholesterol a cikin gwajin jini a cikin yaro, ko kuma a sami alamun da ke ƙasa da al'ada. Dalilan karkatarwa zuwa ga mafi girma bangaren an rarrabu ta hanyar ilimin likitancin yara da ilimin ilimin halittar yara. Firstungiyoyin farko sun haɗa da: salon rayuwa mai saurin motsa jiki, nauyin jiki fiye da kima, nauyin nauyi game da gado, cin abinci mai ƙima, shan magungunan hormonal. Pathological sun hada da: atherosclerosis, ciwon sukari, ciwon huhu, cututtukan hanta, cututtukan zuciya.
Ana lura da ƙarancin cholesterol a cikin yaro, a matsayin mai mulkin, a lokacin yunwar ko lalata jiki, lalacewar tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, tarin fuka, cututtukan oncological, idan akwai kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta, rashin ƙwayoyin bitamin B12 da folic acid.
Cholesterol na yara a yara shine alamace ta cuta. Ba tare da sanin asalin a cikin fitsari ba yana nuna rashin aiki a cikin jiki. Ana iya ganin gabansa tare da ido tsirara. Lu'ulu'u marasa launi na cholesterol a cikin fitsari na yara suna da sifar silima. Suna iyo a saman ruwa ko zaunar da su zuwa kasan ko ganuwar tanki. Sabon abu mai yiwuwa ne tare da cututtuka irin su:
Kayan cholesterol a jikin yara yana taimakawa cikakken ci gaba na crumbs, da kwakwalwa da ta jiki. Amma, wuce haddi lipids na kafa na al'ada, haifar da matsaloli tare da patility na jini. Fa'idodin faranti suna manne da bango na jijiyoyin jiki, ga kumburin jini, da kwararawar jini zuwa zuciya ya zama matsala.
Hanyar sanannu da ingantacciyar hanya don daidaita daidaitaccen ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin yaro shine abinci. Daidaitaccen rabo na trans mai ƙima ga mai ƙima yana da mahimmanci. Daga dukkan abincin da yara ke cinyewa, yawan kitse zai dace da 30%. A lokaci guda, yakamata a guji tatsuniyar trans, kuma yakamata a ƙara yawan amfani.
Abincin yau da kullun na kwayoyin halitta ya kamata ya bambanta. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar haɗawa da fruitsa fruitsan itace, kayan lambu da berries a menu. Hakanan wajibi ne don cinye kwayoyi da tsaba a cikin allurai masu matsakaici. Abin ban sha'awa ne yayin da iyaye suka sami damar wadatar da menu na 'ya'yansu tare da gabatarwar kayan ruwan teku, broccoli, fern da wake.
Don karin kumallo, da kyau, ɗan ya kamata ya sami hatsi, 'ya'yan itace da yogurt. Zai fi kyau amfani da madara skim. Kayayyaki don cin abincin rana da abincin dare dole ne a steamed ko gasa a cikin tanda. Babu buƙatar musun jikin ɗan ƙaramin abun ciye-ciye. Wannan abincin yana cike da robar burodi, granola, 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari.
Cancanta daga tasoshin jikin yaron ya dogara da rayuwar yarinyar. Aiki na jiki - rawa, gudu, iyo, aiki, ko kawai tafiya da tafiya zai rushe matakan cholesterol na jariri. Koda yara da ke da cututtukan zuciya suna buƙatar horo bayan sun nemi likita. Dole ne ayyukan wasanni su zama tilas. Kowace rana wannan ya kamata a ba shi kimanin minti 30.
