MATA - wani irin nau'in cutar sankarau

Rashin daidaituwa na ciwon sukari zuwa nau'ikan biyu yana zama sannu a hankali ya zama wanda ba a amfani da shi. Likitocin sun gano wasu nau'ikan cutar, tare da taimakon sabbin hanyoyin bincike, nazarin kararraki marasa daidaituwa kuma suna samun sabon rarrabuwa. Musamman, takamaiman nau'in rashin lafiya na yara ana yawan ambata a yau - MAGANA (Mat balaga akan Ciwon Cutar na Matasa). Dangane da kididdigar, an samo shi a cikin 5% na masu ciwon sukari. MedAboutMe ya fahimci yadda ake gano cutar kuma wane magani za'a buƙata.

MATA - nau'in ciwon sukari a cikin yara

Kalmar 'YAN MATA ta bayyana ne a cikin 1975 lokacin da likitocin Amurka suka baiyana wasu lokuta na takamaiman tsarin cutar sankarau a cikin yara. An yi imani da cewa a cikin ƙuruciya da samartaka, nau'in cutar ta farko ta bayyana kanta - wani nau'i mai ƙima da adalci, wanda aka nuna shi da ƙarewar hankali na ayyukan ƙwayar cutar ta hanji. Kwayoyin beta waɗanda ke haifar da insulin a cikin waɗannan marasa lafiya sun lalace cikin sauri, kuma mai haƙuri yana buƙatar maganin maye gurbin hormone na tsawon rai - injections na insulin.

Koyaya, a cewar likitocin, a wasu yara ba'a bayyana alamun cutar sankara ba, kuma cutar da kanta tayi gaba a hankali ko ba ta ci gaba ba. A hanyarsa, cutar ta kasance mafi yawan tunawa da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na mellitus, wanda ba shi da alaƙa da lalacewar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta kuma ya bayyana bayan shekaru 35-40. Don haka sunan sabon nau'in - nau'in ciwon sukari na yara (matasa). A lokaci guda, a cikin shekaru da yawa na nazarin cutar, likitoci sun bayyana kamance tsakanin MODY da nau'in cutar ta farko. Tare da shi, ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta sun lalata, kuma gazawar kwayoyin ne da kanta wanda ke haifar da ci gaban bayyanar cututtuka. A yau endocrinologists sun bambanta nau'ikan 13 na MODY, waɗanda suka fi yawa (50-70% na dukkan maganganu na ganewar asali) shine nau'in 3, da kuma nau'ikan 2 da 1. Sauran ba su da ɗanɗano kuma kaɗan ba su karatu.

Sanadin Laifin Cutar Kwalara

MADADI cuta ce ta haihuwar gado da ke hade da maye gurbi. Irin waɗannan cututtukan ciwon sukari suna bayyana kanta a cikin yara kawai idan dangin su ma suna fama da ɗayan nau'ikan wannan cutar. Sabili da haka, tattara tarihin dangi muhimmin bangare ne na ganowar cutar a lokuta na zargin wannan nau'in cutar. A zahiri, gado ne wanda yake mabuɗi don ƙayyade cutar, tun da lokacin da ake kira MODY ya haɗu da adadin maye gurbi a cikin kwayoyin halittu daban-daban da ke da alhakin aikin da yakamata.

Abubuwan da ke tattare da ƙwayar cuta suna shafar aiki da ƙwayoyin beta kuma sannu a hankali suna haifar da gaskiyar cewa ba za su iya samar da isasshen insulin ba. Wannan hormone yana da alhakin isar da sukari ga kashin jikin mutum, don haka lokacin da ya rasa jini, matakan glucose yana ƙaruwa. A lokaci guda, ba kamar mummunar nau'in 1 ciwon sukari mellitus ba, wanda cikakkar karancin insulin a sauƙaƙe yana haɓaka, tare da MODY har yanzu yana rage adadin kwayoyin. Abin da ya sa, duk da cewa cutar ta haihuwa ce da haɓaka daga ƙuruciya, an gano shi mafi yawan lokuta a lokacin samartaka, lokacin da alamun cutar suka karu.

Kusan rabin kwayoyin cuta ana gano su a cikin mata matasa yayin daukar ciki. Na farko, ana gano cutar sankarar mahaifa, amma a alamu alamarin ya tafi bayan an haifi jaririn. Idan hyperglycemia ya ci gaba, yuwuwar MODY yana da girma sosai.

Alamomin cutar sankarau RAYUWA

Yana da matukar wahala a gano cutar sikari ta zamani ta hanyar yara a ƙuruciya. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, yana ci gaba a cikin tsari mai sauƙi, don haka wata cuta mai tasowa bazai bayyana kanta na dogon lokaci ta kowane mummunan ciwo ba.

Hanyar da ta fi kamuwa da cutar, MATA ta nau'in 3rd, tana iya bayyana kanta gaba ɗaya cikin shekaru 20-30, amma bayan hakan za ta ci gaba. Alamomin kamuwa da cutar siga tare da MAGANAR dabi'a ne na kowane nau'in hyperglycemia wanda ke haifar da rashin insulin, a tsakanin su:

• M ƙishirwa.
• Jin karfi na yunwar.
• Polyuria (ƙara yawan fitsari, yawan urination akai-akai).
• Gajiya, rashin bacci.
• Yanayin juyawa.
• Rage nauyi.
• Hawan jini.
• Da mummunar warkar da raunuka.

Ana gano mai haƙuri yana da sukari a cikin fitsari (glycosuria), haka kuma abun da ke cikin jini ya canza - yawan jikin ketone da ke ciki (ketoacidosis) yana ƙaruwa. Wasu masu ciwon sukari suna koka game da rashin bacci, zazzabi mara dalili, har ma da amai.

Gwaje-gwaje na gabaɗaya da sauran maganganu don MODY

A farkon bayyanar cutar, mai haƙuri dole ne ya ɗauki gwaji na gaba ɗaya don gano ciwon sukari, musamman, bincika matakin sukari da insulin a cikin jini. Irin waɗannan gwaje-gwaje ba kawai za su tantance hyperglycemia ba, amma kuma za a bayyana abin da ke hade da shi. Idan, a bango na sukari mai yawa, yawan insulin ma ya wuce kima, muna magana ne game da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 tare da juriya na insulin mai ƙarfi, kuma MODY an cire shi gaba ɗaya.

Lowerarancin insulin yana nuna ƙarancin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, a wannan yanayin ana iya ɗaukar zargin MODY a cikin mai haƙuri. Amma bincike na ƙarshe ana yin shi ne kawai bayan binciken kwayoyin, tunda wannan ciwon sukari a cikin yara yana da dabi'ar ƙwayar halittar gado. A zahiri, duk sauran gwaje-gwaje da gwaje-gwaje suna nuna tsananin yanayin cutar, kazalika da rikice-rikice masu yiwuwar tasowa daga tushen cutar hauka da sauransu.

Binciken kwayoyin halitta wata hanya ce mai wuyar fassarawa, tsayi da tsada. Saboda haka, ana yin ta, ban da wasu nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata. Misali, mai haƙuri na iya ba da shawarar gwaje-gwaje na rigakafin kwayoyin don insulin da ƙwayoyin beta, kasancewar abin da ke nuni da yanayin cutar. Idan bincike yayi kyau, an cire MODY.

Jiyya ga nau'in cutar sankarar bargo MATA

Tun da MODY yana nufin waɗancan nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ciki wanda ƙwayoyin beta ke wahala kuma haɓakar haɓakar insulin, magani ya ƙunshi allurar wannan hormone. Idan ba tare da irin wannan jiyya ba, a hankali alamun yana ƙaruwa, kuma rikitarwa mai zurfi na iya haɓakawa da asalin cutar hauka. Daga cikinsu akwai:

• Saukar jini na Myocardial.
• Rushewar mahaifa, rage hangen nesa.
• Lalacewa ga ƙodan, ciki har da bugun zuciya na koda.
• Neuropathy na ƙarshensa (asarar ji na hankali, haɗarin haɓakar ƙafar ciwon sukari).

Sabili da haka, nadin insulin a wasu halaye shine kawai ingantaccen magani. Koyaya, MODY har yanzu bai shafi nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta ba, sabili da haka, a wasu matakai, maganin zai iya faruwa ba tare da allura ba. An wajabta mai haƙuri a rage ƙwayar sukari, waɗanda sune manyan a cikin maganin cutar ta 2.

Don kula da yanayin kwanciyar hankali da kawar da alamun cutar sankara, marasa lafiya tare da MODY dole ne su bi ka'idodin tsarin rayuwa mai lafiya. Mabuɗin wannan shine abincin ƙarancin carb. Samfuran da ke da alaƙar glycemic index, yawan amfani wanda ke haifar da hauhawar hauhawar sukari jini, yakamata a cire su daga abinci. Yayin aiki na yau da kullun, irin waɗannan tsalle-tsalle a cikin glucose suna da sauƙin ɗauka, amma tare da ƙarancin insulin, abinci mara kyau yana iya haifar da hare-hare na hyperglycemia mai ƙarfi. Sabili da haka, tare da MODY, abubuwan abinci da abin sha tare da sukari (kayan zaki, ruwa mai dadi, da sauransu), farar shinkafa, farin burodi da ƙamshin zaki, noodles (ban da alkama durum) da sauran samfuran makamantan su.