Nau'in nau'in ciwon sukari na 2

Cutar sankarau cuta ce wacce asalin bayyanuwar ta shine cutar hawan jini. Pathology yana da alaƙa da isasshen ƙirar insulin na hormone (nau'in cuta ta 1) ko kuma cin zarafin aikin sa (nau'in 2).

Masu ciwon sukari dole ne su sani! Man sugar kamar yadda yake a yau da kullun kowa ya isa ya ɗauki kwalliya biyu kowace rana kafin abinci ... detailsarin bayani >>

Tare da ci gaban ciwon sukari, ingancin rayuwar marasa lafiya yana raguwa. Mai ciwon sukari yana rasa ikon motsi, gani, sadarwa. Tare da mafi girman siffofin cutar, daidaituwa a cikin lokaci, sarari ma yana da damuwa.

Nau'in cuta ta biyu tana faruwa a cikin tsofaffi kuma, a matsayin mai mulkin, kowane mara lafiya na uku yana koyo game da cutar tasa riga da yanayin yanayin bayyanar cututtuka ko matsanancin cuta. Marasa lafiya sun fahimci cewa cutar sankarau cuta ce mai warkewa, don haka suna ƙoƙarin kula da yanayin mafi kyawun sakamako na glycemic ramuwa.

Rashin lafiya tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 shine tambayoyin akai-akai wanda aka tattauna tsakanin marasa lafiya da kansu, dangi, marasa lafiya tare da halartar likitocin. Kowane mutum yana sha'awar wannan tambaya game da ko nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 yana ba da nakasa, kuma idan haka ne, ta yaya za a iya samun shi? Aboutarin game da wannan a cikin labarin.

Kadan game da ciwon sukari na 2

Wannan nau'in cutar ana nuna shi ta hanyar juriya na insulin, wato, yanayin da ƙwayoyin jikin mutum da ƙashin jikin mutum suke dakatar da amsawa ga aikin insulin na motsa jiki. An kera shi kuma a jefa shi cikin magudanar jini cikin isasshen adadi, amma a zahiri "ba a gani bane."

Da farko, baƙin ƙarfe yana ƙoƙari don rama yanayin ta hanyar samar da ƙarin abubuwa masu aiki da kwayoyin. Daga baya, yanayin aiki ya lalace, ana samar da hormone din sosai.

An dauki nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 wani cuta ne na kowa, wanda ke yin lissafin sama da 80% na duk maganganun "cutar zaki". Yana tasowa, a matsayin mai mulkin, bayan shekaru 40-45, mafi yawan lokuta kan gaba da yanayin cutar jikin mutum ko rashin abinci mai gina jiki.

Yaushe za a ba wa mara lafiya rukunin nakasassu?

Nau'in nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na ciwon sukari mai yiwuwa ne, amma saboda wannan yanayin dole ne ya cika wasu sharuɗɗan waɗanda mambobi ne na kwamiti na ƙwararrakin likita da na zamantakewar al'umma:

damar aiki - damar da mutum zai dauka ba wai kawai ta shiga al'amuran al'ada bane, har ma ga wasu, nau'in aiki mai sauƙi,
da ikon motsawa daban-daban - wasu masu ciwon sukari saboda cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki na buƙatar yanke guda ko duka ƙananan ƙarshen,
daidaituwa a cikin lokaci, sarari - mummunan siffofin na cutar tare da raunin kwakwalwa,
ikon sadarwa tare da sauran mutane
yanayin gaba daya na jikin mutum, matakin biyan diyya, alamomin dakin gwaje-gwaje, da sauransu.

Mahimmanci! Yin nazarin yanayin marasa lafiya bisa ga ka'idodin da ke sama, ƙwararrun ƙwararru suna ƙaddara wace ƙungiyar aka saka a cikin kowane yanayi na asibiti.

Rukunin farko

Za'a iya ba wa wannan mai haƙuri nau'ikan masu zuwa:

nazarin halittu na nazari na gani, tare da raguwa sosai cikin hangen nesa ko cikakkiyar asara a cikin idona ɗaya ko duka biyun,
lalacewar tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, wanda aka nuna ta hanyar rikice-rikice na tunani, ƙarancin sani, daidaituwa,
neuropathy, tare da gurgunta, ataxia,
CRF mataki na 4-5,
tsananin rauni na zuciya
raguwa mai mahimmanci na sukari na jini, maimaita sau da yawa.

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, masu ciwon sukari a yanzu ba za su iya motsawa ba tare da taimako ba, suna fama da matsalar dementia, kuma yana musu wahala su iya sadarwa tare da wasu. Yawancinsu suna da yankan yankewar ƙananan kafa, don haka basa motsawa da kansu.

Rukuni na biyu

Samun wannan rukunin nakasasshe yana yiwuwa a waɗannan halaye masu zuwa:

lahani ga idanu, amma ba mai tsanani kamar na rukuni 1 ba,
mai ciwon sukari encephalopathy,
gazawar koda, haɗuwa tare da kayan taimako-kayan taimako na jini ko aikin tiyata,
lahani ga lalacewar tsarin mahaifa, wanda aka nuna ta paresis, mai saurin keta alfarma,
ƙuntatawa kan ikon motsi, sadarwa, za a yi aiki da kansa.

Mahimmanci! Marasa lafiya a cikin wannan rukunin suna buƙatar taimako, amma ba sa bukatar hakan a sa'o'i 24 a rana, kamar yadda a farkon lamari.

Kungiya ta uku

Kafa wannan rukuni na nakasa a cikin cutar sankara yana yiwuwa tare da matsakaicin cutar, yayin da marasa lafiya suka kasa yin aikinsu na yau da kullun. Kwararrun kwararrun kwararrun likitoci da kwararrun kwararru sun ba da shawarar cewa irin wannan masu ciwon sukari sun canza yanayin aiki na yau da kullun don aiki mafi sauki.

Menene hanyar kafa nakasassu?

Da farko dai, mai haƙuri ya kamata ya karbi game da batun MSEC. Wannan hukuma ta ba da wannan takaddar ta Cibiyar lafiya wacce ke lura da masu ciwon sukari. Idan mai haƙuri yana da takaddun shaida na keta ayyukan gabobin da tsarin jikin mutum, ƙungiyar kiyaye lafiyar zamantakewa na iya fitar da batun.

Idan cibiyar likita ta ki bayar da takardar neman kudi, ana ba mutum takardar shaidar wacce zai iya komawa zuwa MSEC da kansa. A wannan halin, tambayar kafa ƙungiyar tawaya tana faruwa ta wata hanya dabam.

Bayan haka, mai haƙuri ya tattara mahimman takardu. Jerin ya hada da:

kwafa da asalin fasfo,
aika da aikace-aikace ga jikin MSEC,
kwafa da asali daga littafin aiki,
da ra'ayi na halartar likita tare da duk sakamakon da suka zama dole gwaje-gwaje,
ƙarshen bincike na kunkuntar ƙwararrun likitoci (likitan mahaifa, likitan mahaifa, ƙwararren mahaifa, nephrologist),
katin outpatient na haƙuri.

Idan mai haƙuri ya sami nakasa, ƙwararru daga hukumar ƙwararrakin likita da na zamantakewar al'umma suna haɓaka shirin gyara na musamman ga wannan mutumin. Yana da inganci tsawon lokacin daga kafuwar rashin aiki don aiki har zuwa sake bincike na gaba.

Fa'idodi ga masu fama da cutar siga

Ba tare da la'akari da dalilin da yasa aka kafa matsayin nakasassu ba, marasa lafiya sun cancanci taimako na jihohi da fa'idodi cikin wadannan rukunan:

matakan gyara
magani kyauta
samar da ingantaccen yanayin rayuwa,
tallafin
kyauta ko mai rahusa,
wurin dima jiki magani.

Yara yawanci suna da nau'in cutar dogara da insulin. Suna karban nakasassu lokacin da suka girma, kawai lokacin da ya cika shekaru 18 sake yin jarrabawa.

Akwai sanannun lokuta na haɓakar ciwon sukari na 2 a cikin yara. A wannan yanayin, yaro yana karɓar taimakon jihohi a cikin biyan kuɗi na wata-wata.

Marasa lafiya suna da hakkin sau ɗaya a shekara don 'yantar da magani. Likita mai halartar yana rubuta rubutattun magunguna don magunguna masu mahimmanci, insulin (a lokacin maganin insulin), sirinji, ulu ulu, bandeji. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana bayar da irin wannan shirye-shiryen a cikin magungunan jihar a cikin adadin wanda ya isa kwanaki 30 na maganin.

Jerin fa'idodin sun haɗa da magunguna masu zuwa, waɗanda aka bayar kyauta:

na baki hypoglycemic kwayoyi,
insulin
sabbinni,
kwayoyi masu haɓaka aikin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta ciki (enzymes),
bitamin hadaddun kwayoyin
kwayoyi wadanda ke mayar da tafiyar matakai na rayuwa,
thrombolytics (masu tunani a jini)
cardiotonics (magungunan zuciya),
kamuwa da cuta.

Mahimmanci! Kari akan haka, mutanen da ke da nakasa a kowane rukuni sun cancanci fensho, adadin wanda doka ta amince dashi daidai da rukunin nakasassun da ke akwai.

Yadda ake samun nakasa a cikin cutar siga cuta ce da a koda yaushe zaku iya tuntuɓarku tare da kula da cututtukan endocrinologist ko ƙwararre daga Hukumar MSEC.

Ina da ra'ayin cewa ba zan ki ba: ana daukar tsarin don samun nakasassu tsari ne mai tsayi, amma har yanzu yana da ƙima a ƙoƙarin cimma nasarar rashi. Kowane mai ciwon sukari ya kamata ya sani ba kawai game da wajibai ba (don cimma yanayin biyan diyya), har ma game da hakkoki da fa'idodi.

Rashin ƙarfi a cikin yara

Yaron da ke fama da ciwon sukari mellitus (yawanci insulin-dogara) an sanya shi ne na matsayin mara ƙarancin ƙuruciya ba tare da an ambaci ƙungiyar ba. Bayan ya balaga, irin wannan mara lafiyar yana yin gwaji na biyu, wanda ke tantance yawan rukuni ko cire matsayin mai nakasa, gwargwadon girman cutar.

Yadda za'a tabbatar da matsayin

Don samun nakasa, mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari ya kamata ya kira GP na gida don tsari a cikin hanyar 088 y-06. Wannan takaddun yana aiki azaman tushen binciken likita da zamantakewa. Idan ya cancanta, mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali zai tura mai haƙuri zuwa ƙwararrun kwararru waɗanda zasu tabbatar da cutar. Wannan na iya zama likitan mahaifa, likitan dabbobi, likitan zuciya, likitan mahaifa ko urologist da sauran likitoci. Bayan samun tabbaci na ƙwararre, mai ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali dole ne ya kawo magana don gwaji.

Idan likita ya ki bayar da wasika, mai haƙuri na iya tuntuɓar ofishin likita na binciken likita da na zamantakewa daban-daban ko ta hanyar wakilin da aka ba da izini. A matsayin makoma ta ƙarshe, ana iya samun sakonnin ta hanyar kotuna.

Don yin rijistar nakasa don ciwon sukari a cikin Rasha, zaku buƙaci wadannan takardu:

sanarwa daga mara lafiya wanda yake da nau'in 1 ko nau'in ciwon sukari 2, ko sanarwa daga iyaye ko masu kula da shi idan ya shafi yaro,
katin shaida (fasfo, takardar shedar haihuwa),
cirewa da aikawa daga asibitin kwararru na gida ko umarnin kotu, katin mara lafiya da takardun da ke tabbatar da tarihin lafiya,
difloma na ilimi,
don ɗalibai - halayyar daga wurin karatu,
don aiki - wani ɗora daga sashen ma'aikata game da yanayin yanayin aiki, da kuma daukar hoto na kwangilar aiki, littattafan da ma'aikaci na ma'aikatar suka tabbatar,
takardar shaidar nakasassu, shirin gyara mutum (don sake jarrabawar).

Decisionwararrun likitocin kiwon lafiya da na zamantakewa sun yanke shawarar yanke hukunci ne na nakasassu da masu ciwon sukari. Don wannan, mai haƙuri zai buƙatar wuce jerin gwaje-gwaje. Binciken ba tare da gazawa ya haɗa da gwajin jini gaba ɗaya, ƙudurin glucose na jini da safe akan komai a ciki kuma yayin rana, gwajin jini na ƙirar ƙwayoyin cuta ga cholesterol, creatinine, urea, glycated haemoglobin. Ana yin gwajin fitsari gaba ɗaya don sukari da acetone. A cikin cututtukan cututtukan masu ciwon sukari, an tsara maganin gwajin Zimnitsky da Reberg. Kari akan haka, zaku sami hanyar ECG, echocardiography kuma ku sami ra'ayoyin kwararrun likitocin - masanin ophthalmologist, neurologist, urologist, likita. Don nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, zaku buƙaci na'urar duban dan tayi, tomography, x-ray, da sauran abubuwan gwaji. Idan binciken ya nuna alamun rashin daidaituwa ko cikakkiyar tawaya, masana sun sanya rukuni na nakasassu.

Wurin aiki

Yiwuwar samun aiki ya danganta ne da cutar da kuma kasancewar cututtukan da ke tafe.

Tare da wani nau'i mai laushi na kamuwa da cutar sankara, rashin raunin cututtuka masu haɗari, mai haƙuri na iya yin kowane aiki. Idan matsanancin rikice-rikice ya taso, daɗaɗɗar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, ƙin cutar, ko tiyata da ake buƙata, mai haƙuri yana karɓar matsayin rashin nakasa na ɗan lokaci. Lokacin yana dogara da hanyar cutar kuma yana iya zama daga kwanaki 8 zuwa 45.

Tare da ciwon sukari na matsakaici, zaku iya aiki a ƙarƙashin daidaitattun yanayi. Tare da nau'in cuta ta 2, ba a so a shiga cikin aiki na jiki ko kuma a ɗibar da kai ga matsanancin damuwa na neuropsychic. A cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, aiki mai haɗari da aiki da ke da alaƙa da gudanar da sufuri, hanyoyin motsawa, har ma a duk inda aka sami karuwar kulawa da saurin ƙwaƙwalwar hanzari. Yana da matukar ba a so don zaɓar aikin da ya danganci samar da guba na masana'antu. Idan an binciki maganin retinopathy, na'urar hangen nesa ba za a iya wuce gona da iri ba yayin aiki, kuma idan akwai haɗarin haɓakar ƙafar masu ciwon sukari, to ya kamata a guji aikin tsaye.

A cikin lokuta masu rauni na cutar, idan aka ba da rukunin farko na nakasassu, mutum ya zama mai rauni.

Matsayi na nakasassu alama ce ta buƙatar kariya ta zamantakewa. Fa'idodi na waɗannan nau'ikan na iya amfani da biyan bashin kayan aiki, magani a cikin sanatorium. Mutanen da ke da ciwon sukari tare da matsayin nakasa sun cancanci magunguna kyauta, mitikan glucose na jini, da sauran fa'idodi. Amma matsayin yana buƙatar tabbatarwa. Idan, dangane da sakamakon binciken, lalata ko haɓaka yanayin mai haƙuri, ƙungiyar nakasassu na iya canzawa ko sokewa.