Ciwon sukari mellitus

Hanyoyin gano hyperglycemia na jigilar cuta sun haɗa da ƙaddarar sunadarai glycosylated, lokacin kasancewar wanda a cikin jikinsa ya kasance daga 2 zuwa 12 makonni. Lokacin tuntuɓar glucose, suna tara shi, kamar dai, wani nau'in na'urar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya wacce ke adana bayanai game da matakin glucose a cikin jini ("memorywaƙwalwar glucose na jini"). Hemoglobin A cikin mutane masu lafiya ya ƙunshi ƙaramin juzu'i na haemoglobin A1c, wanda ya haɗa da glucose. Adadin jini na glycosylated (HbA1c) shine kashi 4-6% na yawan maganin haemoglobin.

A cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari mellitus tare da kullun hyperglycemia da haƙuri haƙuri na glucose (tare da transient hyperglycemia), haɗuwa da glucose a cikin ƙwayoyin haemoglobin yana ƙaruwa, wanda ya haɗu da haɓaka a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin HbAic. Kwanan nan, an gano wasu ƙananan gutsutsutsin haemoglobin, Ala da A1b, waɗanda kuma suke da damar ɗaurewa da glucose. A cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari mellitus, jimlar abun ciki na haemoglobin A1 a cikin jini ya wuce 9-10% - halayyar darajar mutane masu lafiya.

Tsarin jini na yau da kullun yana haɗuwa da haɓaka matakan haemoglobin A1 da A1c na watanni 2-3 (a cikin rayuwar ƙwayar jan jini) kuma bayan daidaituwa na matakan sukari na jini. Ana amfani da hanyoyin kwantar da hankali ko hanyoyin calorimetry don ƙayyade haemoglobin glycosylated.

Ma'anar IRI

Gwaji tare da tolbutamide (a cewar Unger da Madison). Bayan bincika sukari jini a kan komai a ciki, 20 ml na 5% na maganin tolbutamide ana gudanar da su ta hanyar mai haƙuri kuma bayan minti 30 ana sake yin nazarin sukari na jini. A cikin mutane masu lafiya, an sami raguwar yawan sukarin jini sama da 30%, kuma a cikin marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari - ƙasa da 30% na matakin farko. A cikin marasa lafiya da insulinoma, sukari jini ya ragu da fiye da 50%.