Gensulin N (Gensulin N)

Sigar nau'i na Gensulin N - dakatarwa don gudanarwa na subcutaneous (s / c): farin dakatarwa, wani laushi da ke raba zuwa farin farashi a hutawa da launin launi ko kusan madaukaki mai launi, tare da girgiza mai sauƙi, ana kwance farfadiya cikin hanzari (3 ml a cikin katako, a kowace sel kwane-kwane na katako guda 5, fakiti 1 a cikin kwali, 10 ml kowane a cikin kwalaben m na gilashin launi, kwalban 1 a cikin kwali na kwali).

Abun ciki ga 1 ml na dakatarwa:

• abu mai aiki: insulin-isophan recombinant mutum - 100 IU,
• abubuwa masu taimako: phenol, glycerol, metacresol, sulfate protamine, sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, zinc oxide, hydrochloric acid, ruwa don allura.

Alamu don amfani

Gensulin N an ba da shawarar yin amfani da shi a cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari na mellitus, kazalika da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na mellitus a cikin matakan juriya ga wakilai na hypoglycemic don amfani da baka, juriya ga waɗannan kwayoyi (a yanayin haɗuwa da magani) da cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.

Sashi da gudanarwa

Dakatarwar Gensulin N an yi nufin sc sc.

Likita ya kayyade adadin maganin a kowane yanayi dangane da alamun glucose na jini, da yin la’akari da halayen mutum na mai haƙuri. Matsakaita na yau da kullun ya bambanta a cikin kewayon 0.5-1 IU ta 1 kilogiram na nauyin haƙuri.

Ana amfani da allurar da kyau a cinya, an kuma ba shi izinin gabatar da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin gindi, bangon ciki na ciki ko ƙyallen ƙyallen kafada. Dole ne a canza wuraren allurar da ke cikin yankin ilimin halittar jiki don guje wa lipodystrophy.

Lokacin motsa fitarwa, murfin murfin katako ko katako bai kamata ya girgiza da ƙarfi ba, saboda wannan na iya haifar da kumfa, zai iya zama mai wahala a saita sashi daidai. Ya kamata a duba bayyanar miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin vials da katukan katako a kai a kai idan za a gabatar da flakes a cikin dakatarwa ko an lura da farin barbashi da ke ƙarƙashin tushe / ganuwar vial ko kabad, yana haifar da sakamakon sanyi, bai kamata a yi amfani dashi ba.

Zazzabi na dakatarwar allurar ya dace da zazzabi dakin.

1. Raba fata tare da giya a wurin allurar.
2. Yi amfani da yatsu biyu don ninka wurin fata.
3. Saka allura a wani kusurwa na kimanin 45 ° a cikin tushe na ninka kuma shigar da insulin a karkashin fata.
4. Bayan allurar akalla awanni 6, kar a cire allura don tabbatar da cewa anyi maganin sosai.
5. Idan jini ya bayyana a wurin allura bayan cire allura, dan kadan danna shi da yatsa.
6. Dole a canza wuraren allurar.

Ana amfani da Gensulin N a matsayin magani na monotherapy kuma wani ɓangare na jiyya mai wahala tare da insulin gajeren aiki (Gensulin P).

Yakamata a san mai haƙuri da dabarun yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi, gwargwadon yanayin halayen.

Amfani da dakatarwa a cikin vials

Yin amfani da nau'in insulin guda ɗaya:

1. Cire filayen kariya na aluminiji daga murfin.
2. Sanitize da membrane na roba akan kwafin.
3. Airara iska cikin sirinji a cikin ƙarar yayi daidai da adadin insulin ɗin da ake buƙata ka gabatar da iska cikin murfin.
4. Juya murfin a gefe tare da sirinjin da aka saka a ciki sannan a tattara adadin maganin da ake buƙata na insulin a ciki.
5. Cire allura daga vial, cire iska daga sirinji, kuma tabbatar da cewa adadin insulin din da ake buƙata.
6. Yi allura.

Amfani da insulin iri biyu:

1. Cire filayen kariya daga alummuka daga vials.
2. Sanitize robar membranes akan vials.
3. Nan da nan kafin yin bugun, mirgina murfin insulin na matsakaiciyar tsayi (tsayi) a cikin fitarwa a cikin tafin hannu har zuwa rarraba yanki a hankali da kuma farin farin shuffan siffofin.
4. Airara iska a cikin sirinji a cikin ƙarar daidai da ake buƙata na insulin aiki na dindindin, gabatar da iska cikin murfin tare da dakatarwa, sannan ka cire allura.
5. Zuba iska a cikin sirinji a cikin girman wanda yayi daidai da matakin da ake buƙata na insulin gajere, gabatar da iska cikin murfin insulin ta hanyar bayyananniyar mafita, kunna vial tare da sirinji a sama kuma cika kashi da ake buƙata.
6. Cire allura daga vial, cire iska daga sirinji, kuma tabbatar da cewa adadin insulin din da ake buƙata.
7. Saka allura cikin murfin tare da dakatarwa, juya murfin tare da sirinji a gefe kuma tattara kashin da ake buƙata na insulin aiki mai tsawo.
8. Cire allura daga murfin, cire iska daga sirinji, ka bincika idan jimlar insulin ya dace.
9. Yi allura.

Yana da mahimmanci koyaushe rubuta insulin a cikin jerin abubuwan da aka bayyana a sama.

Yin amfani da fitarwa a cikin katako

Karanti tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi Gensulin N an yi niyya don amfani ne kawai tare da sirinji na kamfanin "Owen Mumford". Abubuwan da aka sanya a cikin umarnin don amfani da alkairin sirinji don gudanar da insulin ya kamata a lura.

Kafin amfani da Gensulin H, dole ne a bincika katun kuma tabbatar da cewa babu lalacewa (chipsan kwakwalwan kwamfuta, fasa); idan suna nan, ba za a yi amfani da katun ba. Bayan an shigar da katun a cikin sirinji na siriri, yakamata a fitar da wani abu mai launi a jikin mai riƙe.

Kafin shigar da katun a cikin alƙalin syringe, yakamata a juya sama da ƙasa domin ballaramar karamar gilashin ta ciki ta gauraya fitarwa. Ana maimaita tsarin jujjuya aƙalla sau 10, har sai an samar da tsafin farin da ɗauka mai nauyi. Yi allura daidai bayan hakan.

Idan an shigar da katun a cikin alkalami kafin, za'ayi amfani da abubuwan dakatarwa don daukacin tsarin (aƙalla sau 10) kuma an maimaita su kafin kowane allura.

Bayan an gama allura, dole sai an bar allurar a karkashin fata na akalla wani tsawan 6, kuma ya kamata a riƙe maballin har sai an cire allurar gaba ɗaya daga fata. Wannan zai tabbatar da cewa an gudanar da maganin daidai kuma yana iyakance yiwuwar jini / lymph shiga cikin allura ko kuma katun insulin.

Katin tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi Gensulin N an yi shi ne kawai don amfanin mutum ɗaya kuma baza a iya cika shi ba.

Side effects

• Sakamakon sakamako na metabolism: yanayin hypoglycemic - ciwon kai, blanching na fata, palpitations, karuwar gumi, rawar jiki, tashin hankali, yunwar, paresthesia a cikin bakin, a sakamakon mummunan hypoglycemia, hypoglycemic coma na iya haɓaka,
• halayen rashin hankali: da wuya - rashes a kan fata, ta Quincke ta edema, mai saukin kai - anaphylactic shock,
• halayen a wurin allurar: kumburi da itching, hyperemia, idan har aka tsawaita amfani da juna - lipodystrophy a wurin allurar,
• Sauran: edema, kurakurai na lokaci mai ratsa jiki (yawanci a farkon farawa).

Bayyanar cututtuka na yawan zubar da jini na iya zama ci gaban hypoglycemia. Don lura da yanayin mai laushi, ana bada shawara ga ƙwayar sukari ko abinci mai wadatar carbohydrates. Marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari yakamata su kasance suna ɗaukar sukari, Sweets, kukis, ko abin sha mai sa maye.

Game da raguwa mai yawa a cikin tattarawar glucose, idan akayi asarar hankali, ana gudanar da sinadarin 40% na dextrose a cikin ciki, ana gudanar da glucagon ne cikin intramuscularly, a cikin ciki ko subcutaneously. Bayan dawo da hankali, ana bada shawara a ci abinci mai cike da ƙwayoyi don hana sake haɓakar ƙwanƙwasawa.

Umarni na musamman

An hana Gensulin N yin amfani idan dakatarwar ba ta zama fari ba kuma a ko'ina take turbid bayan girgiza.

Lokacin gudanar da aikin insulin, ya zama dole don kulawa da kullun matakin glucose a cikin jini. Irin wannan saka idanu ya zama dole saboda, ban da yawan wuce haddi na insulin, abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin ƙarfi a cikin jini na iya zama: tsallake abinci, maye gurbin miyagun ƙwayoyi, zawo, amai, haɓaka aiki na jiki wanda ke buƙatar buƙatar cutar insulin (ƙwayar cutar hanta / hanta, ƙwanƙwasa ƙwayar fata adrenal, ƙwayar thyroid ko glandar gland), canji rukunin wuraren allura, hulɗa da miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da wasu kwayoyi.

Dosing kuskure ko karya tsakanin allurar insulin, musamman ma a cikin marassa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 1, na iya haifar da cutar hauka. Yawancin lokaci, alamun farko na hyperglycemia suna haɓaka hankali, a cikin sa'o'i da yawa ko kwanaki. Bakin ciki, ƙishirwa, tashin zuciya, amai, amai, ja, bushewar fata da bushewar fata, asarar abinci, ƙanshi na acetone a cikin iska mai ƙarfi, ƙara yawan urination. Idan ba a aiwatar da magani ba, to tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 na ciwon sukari, hyperglycemia na iya haifar da ci gaban yanayin barazanar rayuwa - ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari.

Gyara yawan sashin insulin ana buƙatar shi don hypopituitarism, dysfunction na thyroid gland shine yake, cutar Addison, hanta / ƙarancin koda, da kuma a cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya fiye da shekaru 65.

Hakanan ana buƙatar buƙatar daidaita sashi na insulin tare da karuwa a cikin yawan motsa jiki ko canji a cikin abincin da aka saba.

Bukatar insulin ya karu ta hanyar cututtukan haɗuwa, musamman ma yanayin cuta, da yanayi tare da zazzabi.

Canjin daga wani nau'in insulin zuwa wani shima yana buƙatar aiwatar dashi, yana sarrafa matakin glucose a cikin jini.

Yana da mahimmanci a la'akari da cewa amfani da insulin yana rage haƙuri ga haƙuri ga barasa.

Amfani da Gensulin N a cikin magunan insulin ba shi da shawarar saboda yiwuwar hazowar dakatarwar a wasu catheters.

Hypoglycemia na iya lalata ikon mai haƙuri don tattarawa da rage saurin halayyar psychophysical, wanda zai iya ƙara haɗarin yayin tuki motoci da / ko aiki tare da wasu hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa.

Hulɗa da ƙwayoyi

• hypoglycemic jamiái na baka gwamnati, hanawa na monoamine oxidase (Mao) hanawa, angiotensin tana mayar enzyme (ACE) hanawa, ba zabe β-blockers, carbonic anhydrase hanawa, bromocriptine, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, octreotide, anabolic steroids, clofibrate, mebendazole, ketoconazole, theophylline, pyridoxine, cyclophosphamide, shirye-shiryen lithium, fenfluramine, shirye-shiryen ethanol: haɓaka tasirin rashin lafiyar insulin,
• thiazide diuretics, glucocorticosteroids (GCS), maganin hana haihuwa, hodar iblis, tausayawa, heparin, maganin tricyclic antidepressants, clonidine, danazole, diazoxide, allunan tashar alli, phenytoin, morphine, nicotine: rashin ƙarfi hypogly
• reserpine da salicylate: zasu iya raunana biyu da haɓaka aikin insulin.

Analagues na Gensulin N sune: Biosulin N, Vozulim N, Insuman Bazal GT, Insuran NPH, Mahimmancin insulinine-insulin, Protafan NM, Protafan NM Penfill, Rinsulin NPH, Rosinsulin S, Humodar B 100 Rec.

Sharuɗɗan hutu na kantin

An sake shi ta hanyar takardar sayan magani.

Bayanai game da miyagun ƙwayoyi an samar da su, an bayar da su ne don dalilai na bayanai kuma baya maye gurbin umarnin hukuma. Kai magani yana da haɗari ga lafiya!

Miliyoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ana haihuwar su, suna rayuwa kuma suna mutuwa cikin gutuwarmu. Ana iya ganin su kawai da girman girma, amma idan sun taru, za su dace da kofin kofi na yau da kullun.

Akwai syndromes na likita masu ban sha'awa, irin su sha'awar abubuwa. A cikin ciki na haƙuri ɗaya da ke fama da wannan matsala, an gano abubuwa 2500 na ƙasashen waje.

Kowane mutum ba wai kawai ɗan yatsan yatsa bane, amma kuma yare.

Domin faɗi har ma da mafi guntu kuma mafi sauƙaƙan kalmomi, muna amfani da tsokoki 72.

A Burtaniya, akwai wata doka wacce a ciki wacce likitan tiyata zai iya yin aikin tiyata ga mara lafiyar idan ya sha sigari ko kuma ya wuce kiba. Yakamata mutum ya daina munanan halaye, sannan kuma, wataƙila, ba zai buƙaci sa hannun tiyata ba.

Magungunan tari mai suna “Terpincode” yana daya daga cikin jagororin tallace-tallace, ba kwata-kwata saboda kayan aikinta.

Likitocin hakora sun bayyana ne kwanan nan. A cikin ƙarni na 19, aikin maikatar gashi ne na al'ada don fitar da hakoran da ba shi da lafiya.

An rubuta mafi yawan zafin jiki na jiki a Willie Jones (Amurka), wanda aka shigar da shi asibiti tare da zazzabi na 46.5 ° C.

Idan hanta ta daina aiki, mutuwa zata faru tsakanin kwana guda.

Shahararren magungunan "Viagra" an samo asali ne don maganin hauhawar jini.

Cutar da ta fi kamari ita ce cutar Kuru. Wakilan ƙabilar Fore a New Guinea kawai ba su da lafiya tare da ita. Mai haƙuri ya mutu saboda dariya. An yi imanin cewa sanadin cutar tana cin kwakwalwar mutum.

Masana kimiyyar Amurka sun gudanar da gwaje-gwajen kan mice kuma sun yanke hukuncin cewa ruwan kankana yana hana haɓakar atherosclerosis na hanyoyin jini. Groupaya daga cikin ƙungiyar mice sun sha ruwa a bayyane, ɗayan kuma ruwan 'ya'yan itace kankana. Sakamakon haka, tasoshin rukunin na biyu sun kasance ba su da filayen ɓarna.

Tare da ziyarar yau da kullun a kan tanning, damar samun ciwon fata yana ƙaruwa da 60%.

Jinin mutum "yana gudana" ta cikin jiragen ruwa a ƙarƙashin matsanancin matsin lamba, kuma idan an keta mutuncin sa, zai iya harba har zuwa mita 10.

Kodan mu na iya tsarkake lita uku na jini a cikin minti daya.

Wani karancin hakora ko da cikakkiyar sanarwa na iya zama sakamakon raunin da ya faru, sankarau ko cutar ƙwaya. Koyaya, ana iya maye gurbin hakora da haƙori.

Tsarin ilimin rayuwa (ICD-10)

Pharmacodynamics

Gensulin H - insulin din ɗan adam wanda aka samu ta hanyar amfani da fasahar DNA. Shiri ne na matsakaici wanda yake aiki da shi. Yana hulɗa tare da takamaiman mai karɓa akan ƙwayar cytoplasmic na ƙwayoyin sel kuma yana samar da hadaddun insulin mai karɓar ƙwayar ciki wanda ke motsa ayyukan cikin ciki, gami da kira na enzymes masu yawa (ciki har da hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase). Rage yawan glucose na jini ya danganta gami da transportara yawan jigilar ƙwayoyin jikinsa, haɓaka haɓakar ƙwayar nama da ƙididdigewa, ƙarfafa lipogenesis, glycogenogenesis, da rage ƙimar samar da glucose ta hanta.

Tsawon lokacin aiwatar da shirye-shiryen insulin shine mafi yawanci saboda yawan sha, wanda ya dogara da abubuwa da yawa (alal misali, kashi, hanyar da wurin gudanarwar), sabili da haka bayanin aikin insulin yana haifar da canji mai mahimmanci, duka mutane daban-daban kuma a mutum guda. .

Bayanin aiki tare da allurar sc (alamomi na kusanci): farawar aiki bayan sa'o'i 1.5, matsakaicin sakamako yana cikin tazara tsakanin sa'o'i 3 da 10, tsawon lokacin aikin ya kai awowi 24.

Pharmacokinetics

Cikakkiyar mamaye abubuwa da kuma sakamakon tasirin insulin sun dogara da shi daga wurin allura (ciki, cinya, gindi), kashi (girman insulin allurar), maida hankali kan insulin a cikin magunguna. An rarraba shi ba tare da daidaituwa ba tsakanin kyallen: ba ya ratsa katangar mahaifa kuma cikin madara. An lalata shi ta hanyar insulinase, galibi a hanta da kodan. Kayanta ne ya banke (30-80%).

Haɗa kai

Hypoglycemic sakamako na insulin inganta baka hypoglycemic kwayoyi, Mao hanawa, ACE hanawa, carbonic anhydrase hanawa, ba zabe β-blockers, bromocriptine, octreotide, sulfonamides, anabolic steroids, tetracyclines, clofibrate, ketoconazole, mebendazole, pyridoxine, theophylline, cyclophosphamide, fenfluramine, lithium shirye-shirye shirye-shirye dauke da ethanol.

Maganin hana haihuwa, corticosteroids, hormones thyroid, thiazide diuretics, heparin, tricyclic antidepressants, sympathomimetics, danazole, clonidine, BKK, diazoxide, morphine, phenytoin, nicotine sun raunana tasirin maganin insulin.

Underarfafawar tasirin reserpine da salicylates, duka raunana da haɓaka a cikin aikin miyagun ƙwayoyi yana yiwuwa.

Sashi da gudanarwa

S / c a cinya. Hakanan za'a iya yin allura a cikin bangon ciki na ciki, gindi, ko kuma yanki na ƙwayar tsoka ta kafada.

Wajibi ne a canza wurin allurar a cikin yankin na jiki don hana ci gaban lipodystrophy.

Girman maganin yana maganin likita ne daban-daban a kowane yanayi, gwargwadon matakin glucose a cikin jini. A matsakaici, kashi na yau da kullum na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya tashi daga 0.5 zuwa 1 IU / kg (ya dogara da halayen mutum na haƙuri da matakin glucose a cikin jini).

Zazzabi na insulin da ke cikin yakamata ya zama zazzabi a dakin.

Ana iya sarrafa Gensulin N ko dai shi kaɗai ko a hade tare da insulin gajeren aiki (Gensulin P).

Yawan abin sama da ya kamata

Kwayar cutar hypoglycemia na iya haɓaka.

Jiyya: mai haƙuri na iya kawar da ɗimbin ƙwayar cuta mai narkewa ta hanyar shan sukari ko abinci mai-carbohydrate. Sabili da haka, an ba da shawarar ga marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari don ɗaukar sukari, Sweets, cookies ko ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai dadi tare da su.

A cikin lokuta masu tsauri, lokacin da mara lafiya ya rasa hankali, ana gudanar da maganin 40% na dextrose iv, i / m, s / c, iv glucagon. Bayan ya dawo da hankali, ana ba da shawarar mai haƙuri ya ci abinci mai arzikin carbohydrate don hana sake haɓakar ƙwanƙwasa jini.

Tsarin saki, abun da aka shirya da marufi

Fitowa: m-cresol - 1.5, phenol - 0.65 mg, glycerol - 16 mg, protamine sulfate - 0.27 mg, zinc oxide - 30 μg, disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate - 5.04 mg, hydrochloric acid 0.1M - 0.03 ml.

3 ml - kwandon shara a allon alkalami (5) - blisters (1) - akwatunan kwali.
10 ml - kwalabe (1) - kwali-kwali.

Aikin magunguna

Jinin insulin na jikin dan adam. Yana da insulin na matsakaiciyar lokacin aiki. Yana daidaita metabolism, yana da tasirin anabolic. A cikin ƙwayar tsoka da sauran kyallen takarda (ban da kwakwalwa), insulin yana haɓaka jigilar ƙwayar glucose da amino acid, da haɓakar anabolism na furotin. Insulin yana inganta canzawar glucose zuwa cikin glycogen a cikin hanta, yana hana gluconeogenesis kuma yana ƙarfafa juyar da yawan glucose mai yawa zuwa mai.

Magunguna

Matsakaici insulin. Yana rage maida hankali na glucose a cikin jini, yana kara yawanshi ta hanyar kyallen takarda, yana inganta lipogenesis da glycogenogenesis, sunadaran gina jiki, yana rage yawan samarda glucose ta hanta. Yana hulɗa tare da takamaiman mai karɓa a kan sel na waje kuma yana samar da mahaɗar insulin na insulin. Rage glucose na jini ana faruwa ne ta hanyar karuwa a cikin jijiyoyin jikinsa, karuwar sha da kimar jijiyoyi, haɓakar lipogenesis, glycogenogenesis, haɓakar furotin, raguwar haɓakar glucose ta hanta (rage raguwar glycogen), da sauransu Bayan allurar subcutaneous, tasirin yana faruwa a cikin awanni 1-2. tasirin yana cikin tazara tsakanin awanni 2 zuwa 12, tsawon lokacin aikin shine - 18 - 24 hours, gwargwadon abun da ya shafi insulin da kashi, yana nuna mahimmancin karkacewar mutum-da-ciki. Nunawa da farawa ya dogara da hanyar gudanarwa (sc ko intramuscularly), wuri (ciki, cinya, gindi) da kuma girman allura, maida hankali kan insulin a cikin magunguna, da dai sauransu An rarraba shi ba tare da matsala ba a cikin kyallen, ba ya ratsa shinge na jini da kuma cikin kirji madara. An lalata shi ta hanyar insulinase, galibi a hanta da kodan. Kodan ya fice.

Amfani da magani

Mellitus na ciwon sukari na Type 2. Mellitus na ciwon sukari na 2, mataki na juriya ga magunguna na maganganu na baki, juriya ga magungunan baka na baki (maganin warkewa), cututtukan cutuka, hanyoyin tiyata (mono- ko hadewar hankali), ciwon sukari mellitus yayin daukar ciki (idan maganin rage cin abinci ba shi da tasiri )

Yawan sakamako masu illa

Allergic halayen (urticaria, angioedema - zazzabi, ƙarancin numfashi, saukar karfin jini), hauhawar jini (ƙwanƙolin fata, haɓaka gumi, gumi, palpitations, girgiza, yunwar, tashin hankali, damuwa, paresthesia a bakin, ciwon kai, rashin bacci, bacci, bacci) tsoro, yanayi mai ban tsoro, tashin hankali, hali mai ban mamaki, rashin tsaro na motsi, rashin magana da rikicewar hangen nesa), hypoglycemic coma, hyperglycemia da ciwon sukari acidosis (a ƙananan allurai, tsallake allura, ƙarancin bin abin da ake ci, kan e zazzabi da cututtukan fata): amai, ƙishirwa, raguwar ci, fitsarin fuska), rauni mara nauyi (har zuwa ci gaban kwaro da ƙwaƙwalwa), rauni na gani na ɗan lokaci (yawanci a farkon farfajiya), maganganun rigakafi tare da insulin ɗan adam, haɓaka ƙarar rigakafin ƙwayoyin insulin. tare da karuwa mai zuwa a cikin glycemia, hyperemia, itching da lipodystrophy (atrophy ko hauhawar mai mai subcutaneous) a wurin allurar. A farkon jiyya, raɗaɗi da rikicewar damuwa (su ne na ɗan lokaci kuma sun ɓace tare da ci gaba da jiyya).

Yardajewa

Magunguna ba tare da maganin wasu magunguna ba. Tasirin hypoglycemic yana haɓaka ta hanyar sulfonamides (gami da magunguna na maganin hypoglycemic na baki, sulfonamides), MAO inhibitors (ciki har da furazolidone, procarbazine, selegiline), inhibitors na carbonic anhydrase, AC inhibitors, magungunan anti-mai hana kumburi (ciki har da) magungunan anabolic steroids (ciki har da stanozolol, oxandrolone, methandrostenolone), androgens, bromocriptine, tetracyclines, clofibrate, ketoconazole, mebendazole, theophylline, cyclophosphamide, fenfluramine, shirye-shiryen Li +, pyridoxine, quin, quin, quin, quin, quin, quin, quin, quin, quin, quin, Harkokin hypoglycemic yana raunana ta glucagon, somatropin, glucocorticosteroids, maganin hana haihuwa, estrogens, thiazide da loop diuretics, BMCC, hormones thyroid, heparin, sulfin pyrazone, mai tausayawa, danazole, tricyclic antidepressan cyl, sunadarai, sunadarai, sunadarai, sunadarai, allin, epinephrine, mai toshewar masu karɓar H1-histamine. Beta-blockers, reserpine, octreotide, pentamidine zasu iya haɓakawa da raunana tasirin hypoglycemic na insulin.

Allura da hanyar aikace-aikace

A ƙarƙashin, sau 1-2 a rana, mintuna 30-45 kafin karin kumallo (canza wurin allura a kowane lokaci). A cikin lokuta na musamman, likita na iya yin allurar allurar intramuscular na maganin. An hana yin amfani da insulin na matsakaici tsawon lokaci! An zabi allurai daban-daban kuma sun dogara da abubuwan da ke cikin glucose a cikin jini da fitsari, halayen hanyar cutar. Yawanci, allurai sune 8-24 ME sau 1 a rana. A cikin manya da yara masu ƙarfin jijiyoyin insulin, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙasa da 8 IU / rana na iya isa, a cikin marasa lafiya da rage ƙarfin jiyya - fiye da 24 IU / rana. A adadin yau da kullun ya wuce 0.6 IU / kg, - a cikin nau'i na injections 2 a wurare daban-daban. Marasa lafiya da ke karɓar 100 ME ko sama da haka a kowace rana, lokacin da ake maye gurbin insulin, yana da kyau a asibiti. Canja wurin daga wannan magani zuwa wani ya kamata a gudanar da shi a karkashin kulawar glucose jini.

Sanarwar saki, marufi da abun da ke ciki Gensulin N

Dakatar da aikin gwamnatin s / c na fararen launi, a kan tsayar da tsinkayar fari da launi mara launi ko kusan madaukakiyar launuka, ana iya sake samun hazo cikin sauƙin girgiza.

Fitowa: metacresol - 1.5 mg, phenol - 0.65 mg, glycerol - 16 mg, protamine sulfate - 0.27 mg, zinc oxide - har zuwa 40 μg Zn 2+ / 100 ME, sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate - 5.04 mg, hydrochloric acid - q.s. har zuwa pH 7.0-7.6, ruwa d / i - har zuwa 1 ml.

3 ml - katako (5) - murhun kwano.
10 ml - kwalabe (1) - fakitoci na kwali.

Alamun magungunan Gensulin N

• nau'in ciwon sukari guda 1
• nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na 2: mataki na tsayayya da wakilai na yawan maganganu na baki, juriya ga waɗannan kwayoyi (yayin haɗuwa da jiyya), cututtukan kutse.

Sakawa lokacin

Gensulin N an yi niyya ne don sc gwamnati. Girman maganin yana maganin likita ne daban-daban a kowane yanayi, gwargwadon matakin glucose a cikin jini. A matsakaici, kashi na yau da kullum na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya tashi daga 0.5 zuwa 1 IU / kg nauyin jikin mutum (ya dogara da halaye na mutum na haƙuri da matakin glucose jini).

Zazzabi na insulin da ke cikin yakamata ya zama zazzabi a dakin.

Gensulin H yawanci ana allurar sc a cinya. Hakanan za'a iya yin allura a cikin bangon ciki na ciki, gindi, ko kuma yanki na ƙwayar tsoka ta kafada.

Wajibi ne a canza wurin allurar a cikin yankin na jiki don hana ci gaban lipodystrophy.

Ana iya samun Gensulin N duka biyu daban-daban kuma a hade tare da insulin-ɗan gajeran lokaci (Gensulin P).

Umarnin da za a bai wa mai haƙuri

Hanyar allura don insulin a cikin vials

Idan mara lafiyar yana amfani da nau'in insulin guda ɗaya kaɗai

1. Shakar da membrane na roba akan vial.

2. Zuba iska a cikin sirinji a cikin adadin wanda yayi daidai da adadin insulin da ake so. Sanya iska a cikin murfin insulin.

3. Juya murfin tare da sirinji a sama kuma zana adadin insulin da ake so a cikin sirinji. Cire allura daga vial kuma cire iska daga sirinji. Binciko idan maganin insulin yayi daidai.

4. Cike kai tsaye.

Idan mai haƙuri ya buƙaci haɗa nau'ikan insulin guda biyu

1. Rashin lalacewar membranes na roba akan vials.

2. Nan da nan kafin yin bugawa, mirgine kwalban insulin aiki (“gajimare”) tsakanin tafin hannunka har sai insulin ta zama fari da gajimare.

3. Zuba iska a cikin sirinji a cikin adadin wanda yayi daidai da kashi na insulin girgije. Sanya iska a cikin murfin insulin na girgije kuma cire allura daga cikin murfin.

4. Zana iska a cikin sirinji a cikin adadin da yayi daidai da adadin insulin gajeriyar aiki (“m”). Sanya iska a cikin kwalban insulin insulin. Juya murfin tare da sirinji a sama kuma buga lambar da ake so na insulin bayyananne. Cire allurar kuma cire iska daga sirinji. Duba daidai gwargwado.

5. Saka allura cikin murfin tare da insulin '' hadari '', kunna murfin tare da sirinji na sama kuma a buga lambar insulin da ake so. Cire iska daga sirinji ka bincika ko kaɗaicin yayi daidai. Sanya cakuda insulin da aka tara nan da nan.

6. Koyaushe rubuta insulin a cikin tsari iri daya kamar yadda aka bayyana a sama.

Kayan Fitar da Kayan Karas

Katin tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi Gensulin N an yi nufin amfani dashi ne kawai tare da sirinji alkalami daga Owen Mumford (Burtaniya). Ya kamata a faɗakar da mai haƙuri game da buƙatar bin umarnin a hankali cikin umarnin don amfani da alkairin sirinji don gudanar da insulin.

Kafin amfani, tabbatar cewa babu lalacewa (alal misali, fasa) akan katun tare da shirye-shiryen Gensulin N. Kada kayi amfani da kirinin idan akwai wasu lahani bayyananne. Bayan an shigar da kabad a cikin sirinji na siriri, yakamata a riƙa tsinkayen launin shuɗi ta taga mai riƙe da akwatin.

Kafin sanya katun a cikin almalin, sai a juya murfin sama da ƙasa domin ƙwallon gilashi na motsa daga ƙarshen zuwa ƙarshen wannan katif ɗin. Ya kamata a maimaita wannan hanyar aƙalla sau 10 har sai dukkanin ruwan ya zama fari da girgije. Nan da nan bayan wannan, allura wajibi ne.

Idan katangar ya riga ya shiga cikin alkairin sirinji, ya kamata ka jujjuya shi tare da kicin a ciki sama da ƙasa a ƙalla sau 10. Dole ne a maimaita wannan hanyar kafin kowane allura.

Bayan allura, allura ya kamata ya kasance a karkashin fata na akalla aƙiƙa 6. Riƙe maɓallin har sai an cire allurar gaba ɗaya daga fata, don haka tabbatar da ingantaccen tsarin kulawa da yiwuwar jini ko liman shiga cikin allura ko kuma kicin insulin ɗin yana iyakantacce.

Katin tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi Gensulin N an yi shi ne don amfanin mutum kawai kuma bai kamata a cika su ba.

1. Tare da yatsunsu biyu, ansu rubuce-rubucen fata, saka allura a cikin gindin murfin a kusurwar kusan 45 °, kuma a saka allurar a ƙarƙashin fata.

2. Bayan allura, allura ya kamata ya kasance a karkashin fata na akalla awanni 6, don tabbatar da cewa an saka insulin a ciki.

3. Idan jini ya bayyana a wurin allurar bayan cire allura, a hankali danna wurin allura da yatsanka.

4. Wajibi ne a sauya wurin allurar.

Side sakamako

Sakamakon tasirin metabolism: yanayin hypoglycemic (pallor na fata, karuwar gumi, palpitations, rawar jiki, yunwar, tashin hankali, paresthesia a cikin bakin, ciwon kai). Mai tsananin rashin ƙarfi na hypoglycemia na iya haifar da haɓakar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta.

Allergic halayen: da wuya - fatar fata, fitsarin Quincke, mai wuya sosai - girgiza anaphylactic.

Abubuwan da suka shafi gida: hyperemia, kumburi da itching a wurin allurar, tare da tsawan amfani - lipodystrophy a wurin allurar.

Sauran: edema, kurakurai na yau da kullun kurakurai (yawanci a farkon farji).

Haihuwa da lactation

A lokacin daukar ciki, yana da mahimmanci musamman don kula da kyakkyawan iko na glycemic a cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari. A lokacin daukar ciki, yawan bukatar insulin yakan rage a cikin farkon farkon yana kara girma cikin na biyu da na uku.

An ba da shawarar cewa marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari mellitus su gaya wa likita game da farawa ko shirin daukar ciki.

A cikin marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari mellitus yayin shayarwa (shayarwa), ana iya buƙatar daidaita sashin insulin, abincin, ko duka biyun.

A cikin nazarin kwayoyin cutar guba a cikin in vitro da kuma a cikin jerin vivo, insulin ɗan adam bai sami tasirin mutagenic ba.