Tabar mai yanke shawara ga cholesterol na jini

Kowa yana buƙatar sanin matakin cholesterol, yana da mahimmanci don kula da matasa da ƙoshin lafiya. Bayanai zasu taimaka hana ci gaban cututtukan atherosclerosis, cututtukan zuciya, ciwon sukari da sauran cututtukan da ba su da kyau. Don sanin matakin cholesterol, masu ilimin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali suna ba da shawarar kowa ya ba da gudummawar jini sau ɗaya kowace shekara.

Yadda ake ɗaukar gwajin jini na cholesterol daidai

Likitoci suna ɗaukar jini da safe akan ɓoye ciki daga jijiya. Yayin rana, mai haƙuri zai iya gano sakamakon. Don samun sahihan bayanai, dole ne a kiyaye wasu bukatu. Ba a buƙatar horo na musamman, amma an ba da shawarar:

• kar a ci abinci kafin ɗaukar gwaje-gwaje (kamar awanni 6-8),
• daina shan barasa a cikin awanni 24,
• kar a sha taba mintina 60 kafin binciken,
• kwana daya kafin binciken, yana da kyau a cire matsanancin damuwa ta jiki da ta kwakwalwa,
• ba a ke so don matsananciyar yunwa, matsakaicin lokacin lokacin da aka ba shi damar cin abinci shine awanni 16,
• tare da tsananin ƙishirwa a ranar Hauwa sakamakon yin amfani da jini an ba shi izinin shan ruwa tsarkakakke ba tare da sukari ba,
• idan mutum yayi tafiya da sauri, hawa dutsen, kafin bincike ya bukaci zama ko kwantawa na kimanin minti 20,
• Idan ya cancanta, hanyoyin ilimin halittar jiki, gwaje-gwaje na dubura, x-ray, wannan ya kamata ayi bayan gwajin jini na cholesterol,
• idan mai haƙuri yana shan magani, sanar da likitan da ke ba da isar game da bincike.

Godiya ga fasahar zamani, ana kuma iya tantance cholesterol da kansa ta hanyar amfani da kwararrun gwaji da saurin gwaje-gwaje. Ana shirya sakamakon a cikin 'yan mintina kaɗan. Don gudanar da gwaje-gwaje, dole ne ku bi duk shawarwarin da aka ambata a sama kuma ku daidaita don ɗaukar jini da kanku (daga yatsarku).

Cholesterol na jini

Sakamakon binciken yana nuna matakin jimlar cholesterol, yawan wadataccen lipoproteins (HDL), ƙarancin lipoproteins mai yawa (LDL). Latterarshen biyun sun bambanta a cikin tsarin da aiki. Wadannan nau'ikan lipidogram suna da mahimmanci ga likitoci don samun cikakken hoto: rabo daga cikin gutsirori na iya faɗi game da lafiyar ɗan adam fiye da matakin cholesterol gaba ɗaya. Moreara koyo game da kowane mai nuna alama da ma'anar cholesterol mai kyau da mara kyau.

Poarancin lipoproteins mai yawa

An dauki LDL cholesterol a matsayin "mara kyau" saboda yana haifar da haɗari ga mutane. Idan akwai yawan cholesterol, ana kirikiri atherosclerotic a cikin tasoshin, wanda daga baya cututtukan zuciya suka bayyana. Dangane da bincike, ƙara VLDL na iya haifar da infarction myocardial (lokacin da ƙwanƙwasa jini ya tashi a cikin zuciya), bugun jini na hanji (lokacin da masala suka bayyana a cikin kwakwalwa). Don rushe abin da ke ciki a cikin manya, kuna buƙatar, misali, don yin motsa jiki a koyaushe.

HDL cholesterol (“mai kyau”) yana da kyau kwarai ga mutane. Yana inganta tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, yana daidaita tsarin kwayoyin halittar jima'i, yana taimakawa hasken ya canza zuwa Vitamin, narke mai-narke-bitamin. Wani fasalin mai amfani shine cewa yana kawar da ƙwayoyin lipoproteins masu ƙarancin ƙarfi daga cikin jini, yana hana samuwar plaque. Idan yana da yawa a cikin jini, haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki da cututtukan zuciya sun yi kadan. Ba a iya samun cholesterol mai kyau daga abinci na yau da kullun ba, ana yin shi ne ta jiki kawai. A cikin mata, tsarin HDL ya fi girma fiye da ƙarfin jima'i.

Jimlar cholesterol

CHOL ya ƙunshi HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol da sauran abubuwan haɗin lipid waɗanda ke kewaya cikin jini. Ana tsammanin matakin mafi ƙarancin shine ƙasa da 200 mg / dl. Ka'idodin da ke sama da 240 mg / dl suna matuƙar girma. Ga marasa lafiya da lambobin kan iyaka, yana da kyau a ɗauki gwaje-gwaje don jimlar cholesterol, glucose, da kuma HDL da LDL.

Bayyana tsarin lipidogram

Sau da yawa mutane, bayan sun karɓi magana don bincike, suna ganin sabon kalma don kansu - lipidogram. Menene wannan hanyar, ga wa aka sanya shi? Lipidogram - nazari akan bakan. Decwafin aikinta yana ba da izinin likita don samun bayani game da yanayin haƙuri, don gano haɗarin koda, hanta, zuciya, hanyoyin sarrafa kansa. Bayanan lipid ya ƙunshi sanarwa iri-iri: jimlar cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, atherogenicity index. Latterarshen yana da mahimmanci don gano bambanci tsakanin adadin HDL da LDL.

Norm na cholesterol

A cikin jariri, ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin jini ya ƙunshi ƙarancin 3.0 mmol / L. Yayinda yake girma da haɓaka, maida hankali yana ƙaruwa daban-daban a cikin maza daban. A cikin mata, wannan alamar tana girma a hankali kuma yana iya ƙaruwa sosai bayan haila saboda katsewar tasirin abubuwan kariya na kwayoyin halittar jima'i. Mene ne ƙarancin cholesterol na jini a cikin mutanen da ke da jinsi dabam?

Abun da ke cikin ta na iya kasancewa cikin kewayon 3.6 mmol / L zuwa 7.8 mmol / L. Mai nuna alamar fiye da 6 mmol / l ana ɗaukarsa fiye da kima, a cikin irin waɗannan mutane akwai haɗarin haɓaka manyan filayen jirgi a tasoshin. Kowannensu yana da ka'idodin cholesterol na al'ada, duk da haka, likitoci sun ba da shawarar marasa lafiya kar su wuce ƙimar da ke saman 5 mmol / l. Banda shi ne mata 'yan mata yayin daukar ciki, mutanen da suka tsufa waɗanda zasu iya samun adadi waɗanda basu da matsakaita.

Wata muhimmiyar ma'anar da ke buƙatar kulawa shine dabi'ar rashin ƙarfi mai yawa na lipoproteins. Akwai tebur na musamman na wannan alamar da zaku iya sa hankali a kai. Babu wani ƙa'idar guda ɗaya, duk da haka, idan LDL ya fi 2.5 mmol, zai zama wajibi a runtse shi zuwa maida hankali ga al'ada, canza hanyar rayuwa da daidaita tsarin abincin. Idan mutane suna cikin haɗari (alal misali, suna da cututtukan zuciya), za a buƙaci magani har ma da alamar nuna ƙasa da mm mm 1.6.

Atherogenic index

Akwai irin wannan nuna alama a matsayin manuniya, mai maganin atherogenic, wanda ke nuna jigilar cholesterol mai cutarwa da jini. Tsarin tsari don lissafi: An rage HDL daga jimlar cholesterol, adadin da aka karɓa ya rabu da HDL. Manunnan na iya zama kamar haka:

• a cikin matasa, halatta dabi'a shine kusan 2.8,
• ga wadanda suka wuce 30 - 3-3.5,
• a cikin mutane suna saurin haɓakar atherosclerosis da cuta mai tsanani, mahaɗin ya bambanta daga raka'a 4 zuwa 7.

Ana buƙatar nazari don atherogenic index don gano haɗarin matsalolin haɓakawa tare da zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Canje-canje a cikin adadin mummunan da cholesterol ba su bayyana ta kowace hanya, don haka yana da matukar muhimmanci a tantance su a kan kari. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, atherogenic coefficient wani bangare ne na bayanin martaba, wanda aka wajabta lokacin gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun. Sau da yawa ana bada shawara cewa mutane suyi gwajin ƙirar ƙwayoyin halittar ɗan adam:

• da abubuwanda suke kara hadarin cutar,
• zaune akan abinci mara nauyi,
• shan magunguna don rage yawan lipids.

Adadin triglycerides

Matsakaicin abubuwan glycerol ya dogara da shekaru. An yi imani da cewa yana iya zama daga 1.7 zuwa 2.26 mmol / l, kuma tare da irin wannan alamun cututtukan zuciya ba mummunan bane. Binciken da aka yi kwanan nan ya nuna cewa rashin yiwuwar infarction na myocardial infarction da na atherosclerosis na jijiyoyin jiki suna faruwa ko da a cikin 1.13 mmol / L. Za'a iya samun matakan triglyceride na yau da kullun a cikin tebur na musamman.

Misali, a cikin mafi karfin jima'i (maza) masu shekaru 25-30, wannan alamar tana bambanta tsakanin 0.52-2.81, a cikin mata masu shekaru iri ɗaya - 0.42-1.63. Triglycerides za a iya saukar da shi saboda dalilai kamar lalacewar hanta, cutar huhu, ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki, haɓaka cikin ciwon sukari, hauhawar jini, hawan hepatitis, lalacewar hanta. Matsayi mai tsayi yana barazanar cututtukan zuciya.

Moreara koyo game da LDL - yaya ake ɗaukar bincike.

Menene cholesterol ya ƙunshi?

Duk da cewa an rubuta sunan abu a cikin Latin, sunan "cholesterol" ya fito ne daga yaren Greek, daga kalmar "chol". Yana nuna bile. Daga nan sai aka kara yin amfani da kalmar Griki "sitiriyo", wanda za'a fassara da "m". Saboda haka ana fassara cholesterol a matsayin "bile wuya." A karo na farko, binciken likita ya gano lipids a cikin tsari mai ƙarfi, a cikin duhun gallbladder.

Binciken cholesterol ya nuna yawan abin da ke cikin jinin mutum. Menene cholesterol? Wannan kwayar halitta ce da ake samu ta kowane sashin jikinmu. Godiya gareshi, membranes cell suna da yawa.

Barasa a cikin nazarin halittu na jini yana nufin fitsari. Kusan kashi tamanin cikin dari na cholesterol da suka dace da rayuwar jikinmu yana samar da kanta, a cikin jini wannan al'ada ta wannan abun ya dogara ne tsakanin jinsi da shekarun mai haƙuri. Mai samar da wannan abun shine hanta mu. Sauran kashi 20% suna zuwa tare da abinci.

Yaya ake nuna cholesterol a cikin gwajin jini? Abubuwan cholesterol sune adadin milligrams na abu a kowace deciliter, wanda aka nuna shi azaman mg / dl. A cikin jini, abu ne da wuya a halarta tsarkakakke. Yawancin lokaci, tare da taimakon ilimin halittar jini, an ƙaddara ƙwayoyin cholesterol tare da wasu abubuwa.

An rarraba waɗannan mahadi zuwa LDL da HDL. Yanke raguwa kamar haka:

• LDL - ƙarancin lipoproteins mai yawa
• HDL - yawaitar lipoproteins mai yawa

Idan akwai rashin daidaituwa na wadannan mahadi, ko karkacewa daga tsarin kwayar jini, cututtuka daban-daban na iya faruwa.

Rashin daidaituwa na sigogin ƙirar ƙwayoyin cuta na iya haifar da haɓaka cututtukan ɓangare na uku waɗanda basu da alaƙa kai tsaye ga matakan ƙwayar lipid.

Ana samun yawancin lipids a cikin hanta, kwakwalwa, da ƙwayar tsoka. Cholesterol yana yaduwa a jiki baki daya tare da jini ta hanyar tsarin zuciya.

Yadda cholesterol ke shafar lafiyar

Da farko dai, tsarin salula ya dogara da shi. Idan babu wannan sashin gini, membranes tantanin halitta bazai sami isasshen matakin isasshen abu ba. Abu na biyu, shine kayan da ake bukata don samar da mahimmancin kwayoyin. Matsayin hormonal na testosterone, cortisone da estrogen ya dogara da matakinsa.

Don kwakwalwa, cholesterol yana aiki azaman jigilar ƙwayoyin cuta. Matsayinta na yau da kullun a cikin jini ya zama dole don aiwatar da shan mai. Kawai wuce wannan matakin yana cutar lafiyar mutane. Wannan za'a iya magance shi ta hanyar ɗaukar gwajin cholesterol.

Menene wannan bangaren haɗari ga ɗan adam?

A cikin 90s, an yi imanin cewa abubuwan da ke tattare da kowane adadin lipids a cikin jini mummunan abu ne da ke buƙatar magance shi. Nazarin cholesterol na jini ya nuna ƙididdigar ban tsoro. Fiye da rabin mutuwar cututtukan zuciya sun kasance ne saboda yawan abin da ke ciki.

Bugu da ari, karatuttukan likitanci sun tantance ka'idodin tilas na aikin kwakwalwa, ba tare da cutar da lafiyar sauran gabobin ba. Ya juya cewa a cikin jikinmu akwai nau'i biyu na wannan mai mai kama - wanda ake kira "mara kyau", na biyu shine "mai kyau" cholesterol.

Rubutun raguwa a cikin tsari na iya rubuta shi cikin haruffan Latin.

Rashin daidaituwar lipids na iya haifar da cututtuka masu zuwa:

• Atherosclerosis
• Hawan jini
• Ischemia na zuciya.
• Saukar jini na Myocardial.
• Bugun jini

Waɗannan sune cututtuka masu tsananin mahimmanci tare da ƙarancin mace-mace. Lokacin da ake bincika yanayin jikin mai haƙuri, yana da matukar muhimmanci a sami cikakken bincike game da abin da ke ciki da rabo daga lipids.

Cholesterol: makiyi ne ko aboki?

Kafin motsawa daga ma'amala, kuna buƙatar fahimtar menene cholesterol. Cholesterol wani fili ne mai-mai narkewa wanda ke samar da sel na hanta, kodan da kuma adrenal gland don a karfafa membranes, suna daidaita yanayin su. Hakanan, waɗannan sel suna yin waɗannan ayyukan masu amfani ga jiki:

• Shiga cikin kira da shan kwayar bitamin D,
• Shiga cikin bile,
• ba da damar ƙwayoyin jan jini su guji haɓakar hemolysis (lalata),
• dauki bangare mai aiki a cikin samar da kwayoyin halittun steroid.

Waɗannan mahimman ayyukan cholesterol suna nuna mahimmancin jikinta. Koyaya, idan maida hankali ya wuce al'ada, matsalolin kiwon lafiya na iya haɓaka.

Da kansa, cholesterol ba mai narkewa a ruwa, sabili da haka, don cikakken jigilar kayayyaki da zubar da shi, kwayoyin sunadarai na musamman - ana buƙatar apoproteins. Lokacin da aka haɗu da ƙwayoyin cholesterol a cikin apoproteins, an kafa fili mai ƙarfi - lipoprotein, wanda aka rushe cikin sauƙi kuma ana tafiya da sauri ta hanyar jijiyoyin jini.

Ya danganta da adadin ƙwayoyin furotin da ke haɗe da ƙwayar cholesterol, ana iya rarraba lipoproteins cikin rukuni da yawa:

1. Poarancin wadataccen lipoproteins (VLDL) - kashi ɗaya bisa uku na kwayar sunadarai ta faɗi akan kwayar ƙasa ɗaya, wacce take da ƙanƙan da ƙananan abubuwa don ingantacciyar motsi da cire cholesterol Wannan tsari yana ba da gudummawa ga tarawa a cikin jini, wanda ke haifar da toshe hanyoyin jijiyoyin jini da haɓaka cututtuka daban-daban.
2. Poarancin lipoproteins mai yawa (LDL) - ƙasa da kwayayen furotin guda ɗaya da kwayoyi. Irin waɗannan mahadi basu da aiki kuma basu da ruwa mai narkewa, saboda haka sun fi dacewa su zauna cikin tasoshin.
3. Manyan ƙwayoyin lipoproteins masu yawa (HDL) sunadarai masu ƙarfi waɗanda suke hawa sosai kuma suna narkewa cikin ruwa.
4. Chylomicrons sune ƙwayoyin cholesterol mafi girma tare da motsi matsakaici da ƙarancin ƙarfi a cikin ruwa.

Ana buƙatar cholesterol na jini, duk da haka, wasu nau'ikansa na iya tayar da ci gaban cututtuka. Sabili da haka, ana ɗaukar ƙananan lipoproteins marasa kyau shine cholesterol mara kyau, wanda ke haifar da toshewar tasoshin jini. A lokaci guda, yawan lipoproteins mai yawa shine tabbacin lafiya da fa'idar duk tafiyar matakai na rayuwa. Biochemistry yana ba ka damar gano yanayin tsinkayen ci gaban cututtukan da ke da alaƙa da keɓaɓɓen abu da kuma sifar cholesterol a cikin jini.

Gwajin jini na cholesterol: manyan alamomin da dabi'unsu

Don gano taro da kasancewar kowane nau'in cholesterol a cikin jini, ana amfani da bincike na musamman, sakamakon abin da aka lullube shi a cikin bayanan martaba. Wannan ya hada da Manuniya kamar su duka cholesterol, triglycerides, babban yawa na lipoproteins, low lipoproteins yawa, atherogenicity index. An tantance cholesterol ta amfani da gwajin jini na kwayoyin. Cikakken bincike yana ba ka damar ganin matsalolin kiwon lafiya, wanda ke tsokani saboda yawan haɓakar cholesterol. Babban gwajin jini yana nuna hoto ne kawai, don haka idan sakamakon sa yana da karkata zuwa ga al'ada, to yana da ma'ana don gudanar da cikakken bincike.

Hakanan

A cikin maza, madaidaicin babba ya kai 3.6 mmol / L, yayin da al'ada a cikin mata ta kasance ƙasa kaɗan - 2.5 mmol / L. Wannan saboda halayen abinci ne, tunda jikin namiji yana buƙatar ƙarin carbohydrates da fats. Gwajin jini na ƙwayoyin cuta yana taimakawa wajen gano matakin triglycerides, gwargwadon yawan adadin jini a jiki.

Ta yaya kuma yakamata ayi bincike?

Masana sun ba da shawarar yin gwaje-gwaje na cholesterol aƙalla lokaci 1 a shekara, idan babu kukan rashin lafiya, kuma kowane watanni shida, idan har akwai matsaloli tare da wuce kima, ƙoshin jini, da zuciya. Gudanar da kai zai rage barazanar kamuwa da cututtukan da ke haifar da barazanar rayuwa, tare da rage yuwuwar mutuwa da haihuwa.

Ana ɗaukar jini daga jijiya, amma kafin aikin, ya kamata a fara shiri:

1. Kada ku ci sa'o'i 5-6 kafin samfurin jini.
2. Kada ku sha barasa ranar da ta gabata.
3. Ku ci a al'ada, iyakance abinci mai narkewa da mai mai yawa.
4. Rage damuwa a jiki da kwakwalwa.
5. Yi bacci mai kyau kuma barci.
6. Guji matsi da tashin hankali.

Binciken yana taimakawa ba kawai don saka idanu kan yanayin kiwon lafiya ba, har ma don nuna sauye sauye na lura da wasu cututtuka.

Saboda haka, yankewar gwajin jini na cholesterol ya ƙunshi alamomi da yawa, kowannensu yana da mahimmancin gaske. Wannan gwajin ya zama dole ga masu kiba masu matsalar zuciya da kuma tsarin zuciya. Decanƙarawar da marasa lafiya suka bayar a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje abu ne mai sauƙi kuma yana ɗauke da adadin bayanai kaɗan. Wannan yana ba ku damar tantance matakin lafiyar ku da kanku, kafin tuntuɓi ƙwararrun likita.

Cholesterol a cikin gwajin jinin mutum

Yaya za a tantance abubuwan da ke cikin cholesterol a cikin gwajin jini a cikin manya? Wannan abu mai kitse mai narkewa ne. Abun ciki ne, hanta da gyada na ciki. Babban burin shine ƙaramin abu da kariya daga ƙwayoyin sel. Suna yin ayyuka masu zuwa:

• mahalarta halartar bitamin D,
• bayar da gudummawa ga kirarin bile,
• hana fashewar sel jini,
• samar da kwayoyin steroid.

Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa ƙwayar cholesterol ba ta da amfani ga ɗan adam kuma yana cikin manyan matakai masu mahimmanci.

Babu isasshen ruwa don motsawa da cirewa daga jiki don cholesterol. Ana buƙatar kwayoyin sunadarin Apoprotein. Kwayoyinta suna haɗuwa tare da cholesterol, suna samar da ƙwayoyin ƙwayar lipoprotein, wanda sai ya motsa ta hanyar tasoshin jini. Kwayoyin sunadarai sun kasu kashi uku:

1. VLDL ƙananan ƙarancin lipoproteins ne. A wannan yanayin, 1/3 na furotin ya fadi a cikin kwayar 1 na cholesterol, wanda bai isa ba don cikakken motsin enzyme a cikin jini. Wannan nau'in kwayar halitta a cikin batun tarawa yana haifar da cututtuka daban-daban.
2. LDL - ƙarancin lipoprotins mai yawa. Babu kasa da kwayayen furotin 1 a jikin rukunin enzyme. Likitoci suna ƙoƙarin kawar da wannan nau'in cholesterol, saboda kwayoyin kusan ba sa motsawa kuma suna daidaitawa a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jini. Wannan nau'in yana ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban oncology.
3. HDL - yawaitar lipoproteins mai yawa. Waɗannan sune madafan ƙarfi na atoms da kwayoyin da zasu iya hawa cikin sauri cikin jini kuma su narke cikin ruwa.

Chylomicron, kwayar cholesterol mafi girma, ba ta motsawa da sauri kuma a zahiri ba ta narke cikin ruwa.

Jikin ɗan adam yana buƙatar cholesterol, amma ba duka nau'ikansa bane ke da fa'ida. A dakunan gwaje-gwaje na zamani suna iya gano wane nau'in enzyme mallakar kuma suka fara magani na lokaci.

A cikin aikin likita, ana kiran LDL mara kyau (pathogenic) lipoproteins.

Yaya ake yin gwajin jini ga cholesterol? Yanke shawarar kowane sakamako yakamata a gudanar da shi kawai ta ƙwararrun masani. Da farko, yi gwaji na jini. Yana kama da nazarin gabaɗaya, amma dalilin binciken ya bambanta. An sanya kayan don jarrabawa a cikin shambura na gwaji, kuma an rubuta shaidar a cikin tebur na musamman - bayanin martaba na lipid.

Teburin ya haɗa da sigogi masu zuwa:

Idan sakamakon binciken ya nuna matsala, to, an tsara magunguna daga dangin statin.

Ana bayyana jimlar cholesterol a cikin mmol / l na jini, yana bayyana yanayin hadewar tasoshin jini kuma, gwargwadon haka, kiwon lafiya. Dangane da wannan gwajin jini, kwararren likita na iya tura mai haƙuri zuwa bincike mai zurfi.

Matsayi ga maza da mata

Matsakaicin alamu a cikin yara da manya sun bambanta, su ma sun bambanta a cikin maza da mata. Alamar cholesterol a jikin mutum (al'ada):

• ga saurayi (16-20 years old) shine 2.9-4.9,
• na yara maza da mata - 3.5-5.2,
• a cikin balagaggu (shekaru 31 zuwa 50) - 4-7.5 don maza da 3.9-6.9 na mata.

Yawan lipoproteins a cikin jini da kuma tafiyar matakai na rayuwa suna da alaƙa. Misali, a lokacin samartaka, lokacinda ake cigaba da gyaran hormone, dabi'un suna nuna alamar ankushe. A cikin tsufa, mataimakin.

Menene LDL? Sakamakon gaskiyar wannan nau'in lipoproteins shine mafi cutarwa ga lafiyar, ƙimar da ke ƙasa ana yarda da su: 2.3-4.7 ga maza da 1.9 - 4.2 ga mata. Manuniya da aka yi amfani da su sun nuna cewa mutum ya cutar da jijiyoyin jini da zuciya.

Menene HDL? Abubuwan da ke nuna kyakkyawan nau'in lipoproteins sune 0.7-1.8 a cikin namiji kuma 0.8-2.1 a cikin mace.

Menene al'ada a cikin jini triglycerides? Namijin da ke ɗaure daga ɗakunan karatu shine 3.6 mmol / L, kuma mace - 2.5 mmol / L.

Menene yakamata ya zama tsarin atherogenic index? Wannan mai nuna alamun yana bayyana cututtukan da ke faruwa ba da jimawa ba, i.e., a asirce, saboda haka shine babba a cikin tebur bayanin martaba. Lissafta ta hanyar amfani da dabarun lissafi:
Jimlar cholesterol = HDL / LDL.

Kwayar gwajin jini

Ana ɗaukar jini daga jijiyoyin ciki (mafi dacewa 4 hours ko fiye bayan abincin ƙarshe).

Idan an tsara gwajin jini na cholesterol, kwafin teburi ne tebur wanda dukkan tsararrun dabi'u suke cikin tsari:

1. Sunan bangaren a karkashin bincike.
2. Darajar alamu da dabi'unsu.
3. Yanke hukunci Wannan shafi ya ce yawan tasirin cholesterol a jikin mutum, shin yana da hadari ko a'a.

An bayyana rukunin a cikin mmol / L.

A cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje na zamani, kirkirar gwajin jini na cholesterol ya ba da haruffan Latin da sunan abubuwan da aka gyara:

• TC shine yawan adadin cholesterol a cikin jini.
• LDL ƙarancin lipoprotein mai yawa ne.
• HDL babban lipoprotein ne mai yawa.
• TG shine ƙimar ƙimar triglycerides.
• IA shine atherogenicity index.

A layi guda tare da haruffa Latin, sukan rubuta kwafi a cikin Rashanci don samun dama ta gaba ɗaya.

Ya kamata a tuna cewa sakamakon ya dogara ne akan shiri don bincike: wane irin abinci mutum ya ci ranar da ya wuce, abin da ya sha, ko ya sha giya, da dai sauransu Kafin jarrabawa, zai fi kyau ka guji shan giya da cin abincin dare.

Kowace shekara, mutanen da ke da kiba masu bambancin digiri kuma tare da matsalolin zuciya da na jijiyoyin jiki ana bada shawarar yin gwaje-gwaje don sanin adadin sinadarin cholesterol a cikin jininsu. Kowane ɗayan dabi'un suna taimakawa wajen ƙayyade yadda cutar ta ci gaba da kuma ko maganin da likita ya umarta yana taimakawa.

Bayyanar da gwajin jini ga cholesterol abu ne mai sauki kuma yana ba mai haƙuri damar kimanta hoto na asibiti, amma likita ne ya tsara shi.

Me yasa zan buƙatar bincike

Bayyana gwajin jini na cholesterol ya zama dole don gano cututtuka a matakin farko. Dukkanin cututtukan cututtukan da ke tattare da rashin daidaituwar ƙwayar cuta suna da sauƙin kulawa daidai lokacin farkon, lokacin da yanayin bai fara gudana ba. Wannan yana taimakawa rage haɗarin mutuwa a wasu lokuta.

Dukkanin marasa lafiyar da ke da abubuwan da ake bukata don ci gaban cututtukan zuciya suna wuce gwajin jini gaba daya. Ana gudanar da nazarin dakin gwaje-gwaje a matakai da yawa kuma tabbatar da sakamakon bisa ga tebur. Ya kamata likita ya yanke hukunci a cikin manya da yara. Manunin cholesterol ya kasu kashi uku:

• Jimlar cholesterol. Wannan shine babban nuna alama wanda ke nuna jimlar matakan dukkanin abubuwan haɗin lipid. Matsayinta ba su wuce 5 mmol / l
• HDL Wannan shine “cholesterol” mai kyau, wanda yake da muhimmanci ga jiki ya sami isasshen metabolism. Irin wadannan mahadi suna fitowa ne ta jiki. Abun da ke cikin shi a cikin babban binciken kada ya wuce 2 mmol / l.
• LDL Hakanan ana iya kiran wannan rukuni "mummunan" cholesterol. Abun da ya ƙunsa ya dogara da abincin abincinmu. Al'ada ita ce cikakkiyar rashi, ko kuma alamar da ba ta wuce 3 mmol / l ba.

Idan mai haƙuri ya kamu da ciwon sukari, zai fi kyau ba da gudummawar jini don cholesterol a kai a kai, tsawon lokacin magani. Gwajin jini na ƙirar ƙwayar cuta a cikin wannan yanayin shine mafi mahimmancin ganewar asali na ci gaban wannan cuta.

Kayan kwalabe na al'ada yana dogara ne akan jinsi da shekarun mai haƙuri. Ana nuna manyan hanyoyin kwantar da hankali a cikin tebur:

Idan mai nuna alamar bincike game da cikakken ƙwayar cholesterol ya kasance sama da ƙasa da al'ada, to lallai ya zama dole a yi ƙarin ƙididdigar bincike da kuma tantance bayanan bincike don HDL da LDL. Sanya cholesterol a cikin gwajin jini na iya bambanta dangane da dakin gwaje-gwaje da dabarun da aka yi amfani da su. Fassarar gwajin jini ga cholesterol, dabi'un da aka lasafta shi daban-daban, yakamata a gudanar da shi daga likitan halartar.

Yadda za a wuce bincike

Don guje wa kurakurai a cikin gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje, yana da matukar muhimmanci a kiyaye ƙa'idodi da yawa kafin ɗaukar gwajin jini don cholesterol. Estarancin ɓacewa cikin kuskure na iya zama dalilin yin ƙararren binciken mara daidai.

Binciken ba ya buƙatar takamaiman kayan aiki, saboda haka zaku iya ɗaukar bincike don jimlar cholesterol a duk cibiyar kiwon lafiya. Cibiyoyin likita na jihohi, ba tare da la'akari da daidaituwa ba, suna yin samfurori na jini kyauta, a matsayin ɓangare na babban binciken asalin yanayin jikin. Eterayyade matakin cholesterol an haɗa shi cikin jerin gwaje-gwajen rigakafin likita na yawan jama'a.

Lokacin da ake bincika jini don cholesterol da decoding, yana da mahimmanci a la'akari da yanayin jikin mai haƙuri. Sakamakon binciken zai iya zama mai nuna alamar cutar kawai a hade tare da wasu alamun bayyanannun alamun wannan cuta.

Mafi yawan lokuta, ana buƙatar gwaji na biyu bayan wata zuwa watanni biyu.

Ana amfani da hanyoyi masu sauƙi don binciken, don haka bincike don jimlar cholesterol a shirye bai wuce fiye da a rana ɗaya ba. Don ƙuduri na ƙwayar cholesterol, ana amfani da hanyoyi:

• Karatun biochemical kai tsaye. Wannan hanya ta dogara ne da amsawar Lieberman-Burchard. Wadannan hanyoyin suna ba da sakamako mafi dacewa, duk da ƙ arfin bincike. Amma magungunan da ke cikin wannan bincike suna da sakamako masu illa, suna haifar da lalata. Su ne sosai m don adana. Sabili da haka, ba a yi amfani da wannan dabara a cikin manyan cibiyoyin bincike ba.
• Nazarin ƙirar ƙwayoyin cuta kai tsaye galibi sune ke wakiltar hanyar Habila. Suna da ƙananan kaso na kuskure idan aka kwatanta da hanyar kai tsaye.
• Karatun Enzymatic. Kusan kashi 95% na duk dakunan gwaje-gwajen na amfani da wadannan dabaru. Waɗannan ƙididdigar daidai ne ba tare da wani illa ba.
• Nazarin Chromatographic. Mafi yawan amfani da shi a cikin rashin ikon samin samfurin-jini mai inganci. Cikakken ingantaccen kuma dabara mai tsada.

Kafin bincike, ya zama dole a taƙaita yawan cin abincin, akalla awanni 7-8. Kawai ba da gudummawar jini daga jijiya akan komai a ciki. Abinci na iya canza sakamakon binciken gaba ɗaya, a sama da ƙasa, kuma idan kun ba da gudummawa jini bayan cin abinci, zaku sami cikakkun sakamakon ba daidai ba. Zai dace a cire abinci mai nauyi da mai mai yawa daga abincin 'yan kwanaki kafin gwajin.