Ka'idar jini a cikin manya da yara

Bambanci a cikin karfin jini (BP) a cikin manya ba ya mamakin kowa, irin waɗannan matsalolin a cikin yara suna farantawa kowa. Haka kuma, sabawa ga al'ada ta faru ba kawai a cikin samari ba, har ma a cikin jarirai. Jikin yarinyar yana da ganuwar katako na jijiyoyin jini, sabili da haka, hawan jini a cikin jarirai yana da ƙasa. A cikin jariri, matsin lamba na systolic kusan 75 mmHg. Tare da haɓakar jariri, sannu a hankali yana ƙaruwa.

Shekarun yarinyar zai tantance matakin elasticity na jijiyoyin jijiyoyin bugun gini, da nisa na lumen of arteries da jijiyoyin jiki, duka yanki na cibiyar sadarwar capelin, wanda akan shi ne yanayin karfin jini a cikin yara ya dogara..

Yin aikin likita ya lura da bambanci mai mahimmanci a cikin karfin jini a cikin jarirai har zuwa shekara guda. Kowane wata, a cikin jarirai, yana girma da 1 mmHg. Art.

Daga shekara zuwa shekara 6, matsin lamba baya hauhawa. Wani wuri har yakai shekaru biyar, alamunsa suna daidaita daidai ga dukkan jinsi; daga baya, yara maza suna da hawan jini sama da na 'yan mata. Daga shekara 6 zuwa samartaka, hawan jini na systolic ya sake tashi: cikin yara maza - ta 2 mm. Hg. Art., A cikin 'yan mata - ta 1 mm RT. Art. Idan yaro ya yi kuka da rauni, gajiya, kar a yi hanzarin ba shi kwaya don ciwon kai. Auna matsin da farko.

Hawan jini ra'ayi ne na kowa

Tsarin tafiyar jini a jiki shine zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Suna cike da jini, wanda ke ba da gabobin jiki da kyallen takarda da abubuwan gina jiki da iskar oxygen. Babban aikin wannan tsarin an sanya shi ne zuwa ga zuciya - famfo na zahiri wanda ke jawo jini. Lokacin da aka kulla yarjejeniya, yakan fitar da jini zuwa cikin tsokoki. Hawan jini a cikin su ana kiransa jijiya.

Ta hanyar BP, likitoci sun fahimci karfi wanda wane jini yake aiki akan jijiyoyin jini. The Yawan girma Ø, sama da karfin jini. Sanya sassan jini a cikin tsarin jini, zuciya tana haifar da matsin lamba. Matsin lamba na yau da kullun yana da mahimmanci don tafiyar matakai na rayuwa, tunda ana kwashe dukkanin abubuwan gina jiki zuwa ga gabobin da ke jini, an cire gubobi da gubobi.

Hanyar Kulawa da Matsawa

Yi amfani da hanyoyin kai tsaye da karkatacciyar hanya don magance cutar hawan jini. Hanyar invasive wajibi ne yayin tiyata yayin shigar da bincike da firikwensin a cikin jijiya. Hanyoyin da ba a mamaye su ba sune zaɓin matsi:

• Palpation ita ce hanya mafi rikitarwa wacce ke buƙatar wasu ƙwarewa. Lokacin latsa matsewa tare da yatsunsu, yana da mahimmanci ku kama lokacin matsakaicin aiki da ƙaramar bugun ƙarfi a cikin yankin da ke ƙasa da matattarar yankin.
• Hanyar aususultult na tiyata Korotkov ita ce hanyar tunani daga 1905 zuwa yau. Yana ba da damar yin amfani da tanometer, ma'aunin matsin lamba da kuma stethoscope.
• Hanyar oscillometric ya tabbatar da ka'idodin aiki na yawancin masu sa ido kan karfin jini na atomatik. Yana sa ya yiwu a bincika karfin jini a kafada, gwiwa, wuyan hannu.
• Doppler duban dan tayi kayyade kawai systolic hawan jini ta amfani da duban dan tayi. Yi amfani da shi sau da yawa ga jarirai da jarirai.

Masu lura da hawan jini na zamani suna ba ku damar auna matsin yara a gida ba tare da horo na likita ba. Koyaya, ka'idoji na farko don auna hawan jini ga yara suna buƙatar sani.

Yadda ake auna karfin jini a cikin yara

Zai fi dacewa don auna hawan jini na yaro da safe. Yana da mahimmanci cewa ya kasance cikin kwanciyar hankali, bai kamata ya sami wasu lodi ba kafin aikin. Zai fi kyau a auna sa'a guda bayan cin abinci ko tafiya, idan jariri ba ya sanyi. Ya cancanci hanya don rage shi zuwa bayan gida.

Idan ana yin ma'aunai a karo na farko, ya kamata a bincika hannaye biyu don daga baya su auna ma'aunin inda sakamakon ya kasance mafi girma. Girman saukar karfin jini a cikin yara yana da halaye na kansa. Yara 'yan kasa da shekaru 2 yawanci suna auna matsin lamba yayin da suke kwance. Yaro mai tsufa na iya zama. Hannun da aka tanadar don ma'aunai baya rataye, amma ya ta'allaka ne akan tebur mai kan layi ɗaya ga jikin tare da dabino. Kafafu yakamata su kasance a tsaye, idan kujera ba mai tsayi ba. Wani fifiko shine cewa kwana tsakanin kafada da goga ya kamata ya zama madaidaiciya (kusan 90º).

An bayyana fasalin fasahar ma'aunin daki-daki daki-daki a cikin ma'aunin tonometer kuma galibi suna cikin zaɓi na ainihin ƙamshi. Idan kuna amfani da cuffs don manya, sakamakon zai zama ba daidai ba. Gaskiya ne gaskiya ga yara ƙanana. Za'a iya samun sakamakon da ya dace kawai idan daɗaɗɗa ta dace da ¾ nesa daga gwiwar gwiwar zuwa lanƙwasa. Dress ta a goshin kuma kulle tare da Velcro. Gibin yakamata ya kasance yana tsakanin cuff da fata ya wuce yatsar babban mutum. Bayan gyara cuff, bisa ga duk ka'idodi, suna busa iska tare da taimakon pear. Sannan ana fitar da wannan iska ta latsa bawul din.

Ana kuma amfani da phonendoscope don auna hawan jini. Ana amfani da shi ga fossa a gefen ciki na gwiwar hannu na hannun yaro. Bayan amfani da phonendoscope, wanda ya isa yayi ƙoƙarin lura da farkon bugun jini bayan sakin iska da bugun bugun ƙarshe na ƙarshe. Bugun farko yana nuna matakin hawan jini, na ƙarshe - ƙananan iyaka.

Don lissafin matsa lamba na systolic, ninki biyu kuma ƙara 80 zuwa samfurin .. Diastolic hauhawar jini ya kamata ya kasance daga ½ zuwa ⅔ darajar ƙarar hawan jini. Don ƙididdigar gaskiya, zaku iya amfani da tsari na musamman. Misali, ga jariri dan shekara biyar, ya zama dole a yi irin lissafin: 5 * 2 + 80 = 90 mm RT. Art. an ayyana yanayin da ƙananan matsin lamba azaman rabi ko ⅔ na wannan siga - daga 45 zuwa 60 mm Hg. Art. Matsin lamba na yau da kullun don takamaiman yaro zai dogara ne ba kawai akan shekaru ba, har ma a kan wasu dalilai da yawa:

• Kammalallen saiti
• Ayyukan aiki na rayuwa,
• Yanayi
• Yin tawaye,
• Gajiya
• Ingancin bacci
• Tsarin kwayoyin halitta
• Yanayi mara kyau.

Matsakaicin matsin lamba na jini a cikin yaro da kuma siffofin canjinsa: tebur

Darajojin hawan jini a cikin yara - tebur da shekara:

Tebur tare da ƙididdigar zuciya a cikin yara:

Ka'idar jini a cikin manya

Matsakaicin matsin lamba a cikin manya shine 120 by 80 mm RT. Art. Nunin 120 shine hauhawar jini na babba, kuma 80 shine ƙananan diastolic.

Dangane da sabbin shawarwarin asibiti na Medicalungiyar Likitocin Rashan, ƙudurin matakin haɓaka jini ga duk nau'ikan marasa lafiya yakai ƙasa da ƙasa 140/90 mm Hg. Art.

Ana ɗaukar matsin lamba matsakaicin matsakaicin matsakaicin hawan jini na 140 mm Hg. kuma a sama, da mafi ƙarancin diastolic jini na 90 mm Hg kuma sama.

teburin daidaiton matsin lamba a cikin mutane fiye da shekaru 18 da haihuwa

Rashin jinin Jiki

Yana da mahimmanci a lura da gaskiyar cewa hawan jini yana tashi tare da tsufa, don haka jiki bazai iya jurewa da ƙaddamar da jini a cikin tsarin venous ba.

Manuniyar BP ta shekaru

A cikin mutane sama da 60, hawan jini ya kamata ya zama tsakanin 130 da 140 mmHg. Art., Da ƙananan - a ƙasa 80 mm RT. Art. Matsin jini na Systolic a cikin lura da hauhawar jini bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 120 mm Hg ba, kuma diastolic 70 mm Hg. st

Yawan matsin lamba daga shekaru - tebur

Rashin jini na yau da kullun na shekaru daban-daban

Dole ne mu manta da gaskiyar cewa yayin aiki na jiki kuna buƙatar saka idanu da bugun jini.

Yawan bugun mutum, lokacin yin aikin motsa jiki

Idan likita, yana lura da mara lafiya na tsawon kwanaki, koyaushe yana ɗaukar haɓakar hawan jini, to irin waɗannan mutanen suna kamuwa da cutar hauka. Muni na cutar da kuma digiri ba shakka an ƙaddara daga alamomin ƙananan karfin jini.

Dole ne a tabbatar da cutar ta hanyar likitan zuciya!

Matsakaicin matsin lamba a cikin yara da matasa

Kuma ta yaya ka san abin da ya kamata jini ya kamata ya kasance a cikin yara ƙanana? Yawan matsin lamba a yara ya bambanta da na manya. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ya dogara da jinsi, nauyi da tsawo na yaro.

Matsakaicin matsin lamba na jini a cikin yaro an ƙididdige shi ta musamman tsarin:

1. Hawan jini na systolic: yawan shekaru × 2 +80 (ninka shekaru biyu zuwa biyu kuma kara tamanin),
2. M diastolic saukar karfin jini: yawan shekaru +60 (shekaru da sittin).

Wajibi ne a gyara matsin lamba a cikin yara a cikin yanayin da yake. Zai fi kyau a ɗauki aƙalla sau uku don zaɓar ƙimar matsakaici. Wannan saboda gaskiyar cewa yaro na iya jin tsoron hanyar ko likita.

Idan iyaye koyaushe suna yin rikodin lambobi masu girma na tonometer lokacin auna karfin hawan jini a cikin yaro, to kuna buƙatar neman taimako daga likitan ilimin yara ko likitan yara.

Andari da yawa, likitoci sun fara gano hawan jini a cikin jarirai. Wannan shine sanadiyyar cututtuka daban-daban na hanyoyin jini da zuciya.

Yadda ake ƙididdige yawan kuɗin ku

Dabarar likita don ƙididdige mafi kyawun hawan jini shine likitan soja, babban likitan soja Z.M. Volynsky ya gabatar. Dangane da abin da kuke bukata:

• Systolic (babba) hawan jini shine shekaru 102 + 0.6 x
• Diastolic (ƙananan) saukar karfin jini shine shekaru 63 + 0.4 x

Manuniya da aka lasafta ta amfani da wannan dabarar an dauki su da kyau. Zasu iya canzawa ko'ina cikin rana! Matsayi na sama ya kai Hg 33 mm, ƙananan kuma ya kai Hg 10 mm. Yayin bacci, ana yin rikodin mafi ƙasƙanci, kuma mafi girma - a cikin rana.

Ikon hawan jini

Me yasa kuke buƙatar saka idanu akan matsi? A cikin jijiya, ana fitar da jini daga cikin ventricles a ƙarƙashin matsanancin matsin lamba. Wannan yana haifar da gaskiyar cewa an shimfiɗa ganuwar mai ƙwanƙwasa zuwa wani girman kowane systole. Yayin systole ventricular, hauhawar jini ya isa matsakaicinsa, kuma yayin diastole, ƙarami.

Matsakaicin jini mafi girma a cikin aorta, kuma yayin da kake ƙaurace masa, matsi a cikin jijiya yana raguwa. Mafi ƙarancin hauhawar jini a cikin jijiyoyi! Ya dogara da girman jini yana shiga cikin jijiyoyin jini sakamakon aikin zuciya da diamita na lumen jiragen ruwa.

Pressureara yawan jini yana lalata tasoshin jini kuma yana lalata jijiyoyin jini. Kasancewa cikin wannan hali na dogon lokaci, ana yiwa mutum barazana da: basur a cikin kwakwalwa, lalata ƙwayoyin koda da zuciya.

Idan mutum kuma ya sha sigari, to ko da darajar hawan jini a dan yau da kullun na iya haifar da ci gaban atherosclerosis da cututtukan zuciya da na jijiyoyin jini.

Me yasa matsa lamba yake tashi? Mafi yawan lokuta ana haɗa shi da hanyar rayuwa. Yawancin sana'a suna tilasta mutum ya kasance cikin matsayi ɗaya na dogon lokaci, kuma don yaduwar jini ya zama dole don motsawa. Bayan haka kuma, mutanen da ke aiki a kan aiki masu wahala da aiki na jiki sukan mamaye jiki, wadanda ba za su iya jure motsi da yadda jini zai gudana a cikin jijiyoyin jini ba.

Wani muhimmin dalili na iya zama damuwa da damuwa na rai. Mutumin da ya cika aiki gaba daya bai lura cewa yana da cutar hawan jini ba. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar kullun yana aiki tare da kasuwanci, jiki kuma ba shi da ɗan hutawa da kuma annashuwa.

Sanadin hauhawar jini yawanci halaye ne marasa kyau. Misali, barasa da shan sigari. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane bane, tunda barasa da taba suna lalata ganuwar jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyin jini wanda jini ke gudana.

Rashin abinci mai gina jiki koyaushe yana haifar da hauhawar jini. Musamman ma gishiri, kayan yaji da soyayyen abinci.

Likita ya hana hauhawar jini zuwa gishiri kowane abinci, saboda gishirin da sauri yana kara hawan jini, wanda wani lokacin ma yana da matukar wahalar saukarwa. Ba za mu iya faɗi game da kiba ba. Kiloarin kilo na jiki nauyi ne mai nauyi a kan jiragen, waɗanda a hankali suke lalata.

Idan baku iya sarrafa hawan jini ba

Tsarin karfin jini na daya daga cikin mahimman alamomin jikin mutum. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ya zama dole a sanya ido a kan matakinsa, saboda karuwar dabi'u na iya haifar da ci gaban cututtukan cuta.

A karkashin farmaki gabobin masu mahimmanci kamar zuciya da kodan.

Bayyanar cututtukan da ke tattare da rikice-rikice na tashin hankali mummunan. Waɗannan suna da ciwon kai mai tsanani, tinnitus, tashin zuciya da amai, hanci, kowane nau'in raunin gani.

Manuniya na matsa lamba na sama da na kasa

Matsakaicin systolic da hawan jini ya kamata a ƙara, yin la'akari da shekaru.

Tambaya ce ta hauhawar jini idan alamomin ta na dogon lokaci sun zarce matakin 140/90 mm Hg. A cikin balagaggen, ana ganin tsarin ya zama matakin Hg na 120/80 mm Hg.

Yayin rana, hawan jini ya canza. A hutawa, an rage shi kadan, kuma yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙoƙarin jiki da tashin hankali. Koyaya, a cikin lafiyar mutum yana cikin iyakoki na al'ada.

Ana kiran karfin jini na Systolic shine karfin hawan jini a jikin bangon jijiya a lokacin aiki na zuciya ko systole. A lokacin diastole, ƙwayar zuciya tana shakata, kuma hanjin zuciya suna cike da jini. Thearfin matsi a wannan lokacin ana kiransa diastolic ko ƙananan.

Matsanancin matakan hauhawar jini a jiki na da mutuƙar mutuwa.

Wadannan misalai masu zuwa ana ɗaukar su a matsayin ka'idodin matsa lamba na diastolic don nau'ikan shekaru daban daban:

Maganin hauhawar jijiyoyin jini yana tasowa tare da taƙaicewar jijiya. Da farko, matakin karfin jini yana tashi lokaci-lokaci, akan lokaci - kullun.

Me zai yi idan matsi ya wuce al'ada

Abu mafi mahimmanci shine canza yanayin rayuwarku. Likitocin sun bada shawara:

1. sake nazarin abincinku na yau da kullun,
2. daina mummunan halaye,
3. Yi aikin motsa jiki wanda ke inganta hawan jini.

Aara yawan hawan jini shine lokaci don tuntuɓar likitan zuciya ko mai warkarwa. Tuni yayin maganin farko, likita zai ba da magani bisa ga bayanan da aka samu yayin gwajin.

An shawarci marassa lafiyar masu motsa jiki su kasance masu sanya ido a cikin jini domin su rika lura da matakin karfin jini da sanya ido a kai a kai. Tsarin matsin lamba da bugun jini shine mabuɗin zuwa lafiyayye da rayuwa mai tsayi!

HANKALI NE KYAUTA
CIGABA DA KWANKWASINKA YANZU

Game da hawan jini

Tare da zub da jini ta cikin tsarin wurare dabam dabam, akwai matsin lamba a jikin bangon na jijiyoyin jirgin ruwa. Strengtharfin tasiri yana dogara da girman ƙarshen. Jirgin ruwan da ya fi girma, karfin jini yana matse ta a jikin bangon ta. Hawan jini (BP) na iya bambanta yayin rana, ana yin tasiri da abubuwa da yawa na ciki da waje, misali:

• bugun zuciya
• kasancewar shinge a cikin jijiyoyin jini da jijiyoyin wuya (filayen cholesterol),
• da elasticity na ganuwar jini,
• adadin jini, da danko.

Matsalar wajibi ne don motsin jini na yau da kullun ta hanyar tasoshin da shanyewar jiki, kazalika don tabbatar da tafiyar matakai na jiki. HELL yana da alamomi guda biyu: systolic (babba), diastolic (ƙananan).

Systole shine yanayin ƙwayar zuciya a lokacin ƙanƙantarsa. A wannan yanayin, ana aika da adadin jini zuwa ga aorta, wanda ke haifar da shimfiɗa ganuwar tasoshin. Suna tsayayya, ƙara matsa lamba zuwa matsakaicin darajar. Wannan mai nuna alamar ana kiranta systolic (SBP).

Bayan saukarwa daga tsokawar zuciya ya faru, bawul din ya rufe sosai kuma ganuwar tasoshin za su fara kawar da sakamakon jinin.A hankali ya shimfiɗa ta cikin capillaries, yayin da matsi ke raguwa zuwa ƙaramin alama. Wannan mai nuna alamar ana kiranta diastolic (DBP). Wani muhimmin batun dake tantance yanayin lafiyar dan adam shine bambanci tsakanin systolic da hawan jini na jini. Wannan alamar ana kiranta matsewar bugun jini, bai kamata ya wuce 40-50 mm RT ba. Art. ko dai a kasa 30.

Babban bayani

A matsayinka na babban doka, duk wani bincike na farko na likita yana farawa tare da duba manyan alamu na yadda jikin mutum yake aiki. Likita ya duba fatar, yayi bincike kan nono, ya sanya wasu sassan jikin mutum don tantance yanayin hadadden hannu ko gano canje-canje na sama a cikin jijiyoyin jini, yana sauraron huhu da zuciya tare da stethoscope, sannan kuma yana auna zafin jiki da matsin lamba.

Wadannan manipulation suna ba ƙwararrun masannan damar tattara mahimman bayanai masu mahimmanci game da yanayin lafiyar haƙuri (ja tarihi) da kuma alamomin matakin jijiya ko hawan jini taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin binciken cututtukan cututtuka daban-daban. Mene ne matsin lamba na jini, kuma menene ƙa'idodinsa ga mutanen shekaru daban-daban?

Saboda waɗanne dalilai ne matakin hawan jini yake ƙaruwa, ko akasin haka, kuma ta yaya waɗannan haɓakar ke canza lafiyar mutum? Za mu yi ƙoƙarin amsa waɗannan da sauran mahimman tambayoyi kan batun wannan kayan. Kuma zamu fara da janar, amma mahimmin fannoni.

Norma HELL: jarirai har zuwa shekara guda

Gado mai narkewa na jijiyoyin jiki da babban hanyar garkuwar jiki sune babban zaton cewa jarirai suna da karancin jini ainun fiye da iyayensu. A cikin jariri, alamun nuna matsa lamba sune 60-96 / 40-50 mm Hg. Art. Tare da ƙarfafa sautin bango, hawan jini kuma yana haɓaka; har zuwa ƙarshen shekarar farko, ya tashi daga 80/40 zuwa 112/74 mm Hg. Art., La'akari da nauyin jariri.

Idan babu bayanai game da hauhawar jini a cikin yara a hannu (daidaitaccen abu yana cikin tebur), zaku iya amfani da lissafin don jan hankali: 76 + 2 n, inda n shine shekarun jariri a cikin watanni. Ga jarirai, faɗin ɗakin ɗakin ɗabi'ar jariri shine 3 cm, don tsofaffin jarirai - cm 5. Ana maimaita hanya sau 3, yana mai da hankali kan ƙananan sakamako. A cikin jarirai, jini na systolic kawai ana dubawa, ta hanyar palpation ya ƙaddara.

Norma AD: jariri mai shekaru 2-3

Bayan shekara guda, haɓakar haɓakar jini yana raguwa. A cikin shekaru 2-3, matsakaicin matsin lamba na sama a matakin 100-112 mm RT. Art., Ƙananan - 60-74 mm Hg Za'a iya ganin hawan jini sama da na al'ada idan sakamako na firgita yaci gaba har sati 3. Dabarar da za a iya bayyana daidaituwa: hawan jini na systolic - (90 + 2n), diastolic - (60 + n), inda n shine adadin cikakkun shekaru.

Norma AD: yaro ɗan shekara 3-5

Yin nazarin sigogin teburin, yana da sauƙi a lura cewa daga shekaru 3 zuwa 5, kumburin haɓakar haɓakar jini yana raguwa. Systolic hawan jini a cikin irin waɗannan yara shine 100-116 mm Hg. Art., Diastolic - 60-76 mm RT. Art. Ya kamata a ɗauka a zuciya cewa bayanan tonometer ba su daidaita ba a cikin kullun: a cikin rana lokacin da suka kai iyakar, da faɗuwar dare da bayan tsakar dare, har zuwa 5 hours, suna ƙanƙantar da su.

Norma HELL: yaran makaranta 6-9 shekara

Daga bayanan ƙayyadaddun abubuwa ya bayyana sarai cewa ana kiyaye mafi ƙarancin alamun masu ƙarfi a matsayin da suka gabata, kawai sigogi mafi girma suna ƙara dan ƙara kaɗan. Tsarin shekaru shine 100-122 / 60-78 mm Hg. Art.

An fara rayuwar rayuwar makaranta ta karkacewa, kamar yadda rayuwar yarinyar ke canzawa. Bayan damuwa na damuwa na yau da kullun, rage yawan aiki na jiki, yara sun koka da gajiya, ciwon kai, kuma suna ɗaukar hoto. Yana da mahimmanci a kula da halin da ɗan ke ciki a wannan lokacin.

Norma HELL: matashi shekaru 10-12

Lokacin haila ya fara ne da canje-canje a cikin karfin jini. Zuwa mafi girma, wannan ya shafi girlsan matan da ke gaba da ƙarfin jima'i dangane da haɓaka ta jiki.

Duk da matsakaiciyar karfin jini daga 110/70 zuwa 126/82 mm RT. Art., Likitoci sunyi la'akari da iyakar iyaka ta zama al'ada - 120 mm. Hg. Art. Wannan nuna alama kuma ya dogara da nau'in motsa jiki: tsayi da sihiri na bakin ciki yawanci suna da ƙananan matsin lamba idan aka kwatanta da takwarorinsu na ɗan wasa.

Ka'idar jini a cikin yara maza da mata shekaru 12-15

Canjin zamani yana kawo kyawawan abubuwa ga matasa da iyayensu. Babban lodi a makaranta, awanni da yawa ana amfani da komputa, danniya, matakan hormonal mara tsayayye na iya tayar da hauhawar jini da hauhawar jini.

A yadda aka saba, matsi a cikin yara an nuna shi a cikin tebur kusa da ƙimar girma: 110-70 / 136-86 mm Hg. Art., Tunda ya kasance yana da shekaru 12 tsarin jijiyoyin jiki ya riga ya gama kirkirar sa. Tare da saukad da, tachycardia, fainting, canje-canje a cikin zuciya, ciwon kai da dizzness yana yiwuwa.

Tare da shekaru, cututtukan cututtuka yawanci yakan tafi don ware sakamakon da ba a so, kuma yin bincike yana da amfani.

Rashin matsa lamba na raguwa a cikin yara

Likitoci suna da tunani - gabobin da aka yi niyya. Wannan shine sunan gabobin da suke wahala da fari. Yawancin lokaci akwai matsaloli daga gefen zuciya (cuta na jijiyoyin zuciya, infarction na zuciya), matsaloli na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, kwakwalwa (shanyewar jiki), lalacewar gabobin hangen nesa har zuwa makanta, rashin aikin koda. Hadarin shine cewa hauhawar jini a cikin yara yawanci asymptomatic ne.

Yaron, musamman ƙarami, ba ya gunaguni game da ƙoshin lafiya. Alamu dabam sun bayyana cewa dole ne iyaye su kula da su. Yawancinsu sunyi kama da yanayin hauhawar jini a cikin manya.

• Ciwon kai
• Hannun Kaya
• Nausea, amai,
• Rashin ƙarfi, gajiya,
• Bayyanarwar jijiyoyin zuciya: raɗaɗi, paresis, inna,
• Rashin gani, P
• Canza kaya.

Idan yaro ya suma, tabbas za ku nuna shi ga likitan yara. Likita zai tura ka zuwa wani kwararren likita domin karin bincike.

Hauhawar jini daga jijiyoyin jini yana da kayan gado: idan dangi yana da hauhawar jini, ya kamata a sanya ido kan jinin haihuwar a lokaci-lokaci, tunda kashi 45-60% daga cikinsu suna da magadan gado. Don yaro ya zama mai hauhawar jini, ya zama dole a sami tasirin gyara abubuwan: damuwa, abinci mara amfani, rashin motsa jiki, motsa jiki.

Idan dangi suna da bambance bambancen yanayin jini, to ƙarancin saukar jini yana iya zama ɗabi'ar ɗaiɗaikun yaran. Pressurearancin saukar karfin jini na iya zama mai iya daidaitawa, misali, a tsakanin athletesan wasa ko waɗanda ke tafiya zuwa tsaunuka. Wannan zaɓi shine mafi kusantar da keɓaɓɓen, saboda alamu na ƙananan matsin lamba kuma yana iya magana game da lahani na zuciya, myocarditis, rikicewar endocrine (matsalolin thyroid, ƙarancin adrenal yana da alaƙa da ƙananan matsa lamba).

Yadda za'a tsara jinin jini a cikin yara

An lura da hauhawar jini a cikin 13% na yara. Wannan shi ne saboda isasshen kaya a kan ƙwayar zuciya, sautin babban jijiya, vasospasm. Raba tsakanin hauhawar farko da sakandare. Na farko nau'i shine saboda canje-canje a cikin yanayin hormonal, matsanancin damuwa ga kwakwalwar yarinyar, rashin bacci, yawan cikawa a kwamfuta ko ɓangaren wasanni, rikice-rikice tare da takwarorina. Baya ga abubuwan da ke haifar da waje, akwai wasu dalilai da suka ɓoye: bugun zuciya da gazawar renal, matsaloli tare da tsarin endocrine.

Hauhawar jini na sakandare yana haifar da mummunan cututtuka na kodan, zuciya, endocrine da tsarin juyayi, maye, ciwon kai. A cikin mahallin irin wannan rikice-rikice, mummunan cututtukan cuta yana kwance: ƙwanƙwaran ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, taɓarɓarewar ƙwayar jijiya, adrenal neoplasms, osteoporosis, lahani na zuciya, encephalitis.

Hypotension a cikin yara shine ilimin halayyar mutum da na yara. 10% na yara suna fama da ƙananan matsin lamba. Abubuwan da ake buƙata na aikin ɗan adam na iya zama gado (tsarin mulki, ƙaddarawar jini ga hauhawar jini), da waje (wucewar oxygen, yanayin yanayi mara kyau, rashin iya aiki). Pathological hypotension tsokani:

• Cutar huhu
• Kwayar cutar kansa, tarin cututtukan fata tare da rikitarwa,
• Damuwa da tabin hankali,
• Loadaukar nauyin Jiki ko cikakkiyar rashi,
• Beriberi, anemia,
• Raunin haihuwa, rashin lafiyan mutum,
• Ciwon sukari mellitus
• Matsalar thyroid
• Rashin zuciya.

Don daidaita jinin jini a cikin yara tare da hauhawar jini, yana da mahimmanci don sarrafa adadin ruwan da aka yi amfani dashi, daidaita yanayin gishiri, zaku iya amfani da shayi, kofi, echinacea, itacen inabi na magnolia, pantocrine, da cirewar Eleutherococcus. Kafa yanayin hutawa da karatu.

Ka'idojin hawan jini a cikin yara shine ma'anar dangi. Idan yaro yana cikin damuwa, tonometer na iya nuna sakamako mai wuce gona da iri. A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar sake gwada matsin. Sakamakon ma'aunin 3-4 tare da tazara na mintina 5 zai zama maƙasudi. Don lafiyayyen yaro, babu buƙatar buƙatar auna karfin jini sau da yawa, amma idan jariri ba shi da lafiya, ya isa asibiti, dole ne a kula da matsa lamba, yana da kyau a yi diary na musamman.

Yin motsa jiki na yau da kullum yana haɓaka kwararar jini kuma yana daidaita hawan jini. Ku zo da motsa jiki na yara, ku ciyar dashi ta hanya mai ban sha'awa, kuma tabbas zai sami tabbacin kyakkyawan teku.

Matsin lamba shine muhimmin sashi na lafiyar yaro, amma ba mafi mahimmanci ba. Don haka bi da shi ba tare da mummunar cutarwa ba. HELL abu ne mai canzawa wanda zai iya canzawa yayin rana, gwargwadon yanayi da aikin jiki. Babban abu shi ne cewa yaron ya kasance lafiya kuma baya bayar da dalilin ci gaba da sanya ido akan cutar hawan jini.

Yadda ake auna karfin jini a cikin yaro

Domin alamun a kan tonometer ya zama abin dogaro, ya zama dole a bi wasu ka'idodi masu sauki:

1. Ana yin awo da safe, jariri ya kamata ya kasance cikin kwanciyar hankali.
2. Idan an dauki alamu a wani lokaci na rana, wannan dole ne a yi sa'a daya bayan tafiya ko ci abinci.
3. Kafin aiwatarwa, yana da daraja ɗaukar jaririn zuwa bayan gida.
4. Yaran underan shekaru biyu masu shekaru ana auna su a babban matsayin;
5. Hannun da aka shirya don ma'aunai kada ya rataye. Dole a sanya shi a layi ɗaya zuwa ga jikin a teburin gefen, tare da ciki na buroshi sama.
6. Ga jarirai, suna amfani da ƙaramin kuzari na musamman; lokacin da ake karanta karatun jini, matasa kuma za su yi amfani da daidaitaccen.
7. An sanya cuff ɗin zuwa goshin kuma an auna shi daidai da umarnin tonometer.
8. Ya kamata a aiwatar da ma'aunin sau 2-3 tare da tazara tsakanin mintuna 5-7.
9. A karo na farko a cikin yara, ana auna karfin jini a hannaye guda biyu, a nan gaba, ya kamata a yi matakan a hannu inda alamu suka kasance mafi girma.

Matsalar jini ta atomatik ko ta atomatik yana saka idanu akan matsa lamba da kansa kuma yana ba da sakamakon ƙarshe. Idan ana amfani da na'urar injiniya, to ana buƙatar ƙarin phonendoscope, wanda zasu saurara farkon farawa a cikin jijiya da ƙarshensa. Lambobin da suka dace da waɗannan abubuwan za a yi la'akari da su alamun nuna karfin jini. Ana bincika matakan hawan jini a cikin yara akan bayanan da aka samo kuma, idan akwai karkacewa, ana yin nazarin da yakamata.

Binciko

Don sanin hanyoyin da ke haifar da canje-canje a cikin karfin jini, likita yana buƙatar samun cikakken bayani game da alamu. Don yin wannan, ana bada shawara don saka idanu akan hawan jini sau uku a rana don kwanaki da yawa. Daga nan likita ya gudanar da bincike game da mahaifiyar da yarinyar, a lokacin da ya gano yanayin gunaguni, lokacin daukar ciki, tsawon lokacin haihuwar, da kuma yiwuwar gadar dangi.

MUHIMMI ZAI KYAUTA! Babu sauran nessarancin numfashi, ciwon kai, raunin matsin lamba da sauran alamun HYPERTENSION! Gano hanyar da masu karatunmu suke amfani da su don magance matsin lamba. Koyi hanya.

Bugu da kari, za a bukaci karin bincike. An ba wa yaro umarnin:

• jarrabawar kudi
• electrocardiogram
• kwakwalwa rheoencephalography,
• janar da gwaje-gwajen jini na jini,
• gwajin jinin haila a ciki,
• shawarwari tare da likitan zuciya, neurologist, endocrinologist da sauran ƙwararru, idan ya cancanta.

A mafi yawancin lokuta masu rikitarwa, yana iya buƙatar duban dan tayi na zuciya da sauran gabobin ciki, wanda aka lissafa tomography na kwakwalwa da sauran karatun idan aka nuna.

Fitarwa daga al'ada, sanadinsu da magani

Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, komai na iya zama sanadin canji a alamu na matsin lamba. Idan jaririn yana da hauhawar jini, to ya kamata ka san cewa ta fara da sakandare. Primary yawanci yakan fara haɓaka asalin abubuwan waje: haushi, nauyin jiki, wasu abubuwan da suka shafi yanayin yarinyar. Koyaya, bayan jiki ya huta, alamomin matsin lamba sun sake cika ka'idodi.

Tare da hauhawar jini na sakandare, karkacewa na iya jurewa har zuwa kwanaki da yawa, wanda ke nuna kasancewar cututtuka daban-daban. Zai iya zama pathologies na kodan, zuciya, kiba, matsaloli tare da tsarin endocrine, anemia, cututtuka masu yaduwa.

Dalilin matsin lamba yana ƙaruwa

Abubuwan da ke haifar da karuwar matsin lamba sun haɗa da matsanancin aiki na jiki, damuwa iri-iri, gado. Ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki na iya ba da gudummawa ga canji a alamomi: yawan wuce gona da iri, abinci mara kan gado ko abinci mara kyau, da kuma abincin da ke ɗauke da dumbin dumam (gishiri). Jin zafi sosai na jiki yawanci yakan haifar da hauhawar jini.

Ba'a ba da shawarar cewa jariri ya ƙara haɓaka ko rage karfin jini ba da kansa. Ayyukan jahilci na iya haifar da rikice-rikice da kara yanayin yanayin jaririn. Idan duk waɗannan abubuwan da aka ambata a sama ba su nan, yaro yana cikin hutawa, kuma matakan da ke ɗauke da su sun ci gaba na tsawon sa'o'i ko ma kwanaki, dole ne ka nemi likita don gano matsalar.

Idan sanadin cutar hawan jini shine sake fasalin tsarin jiki yayin balaga, to wannan ba tsoro bane kuma a kan lokaci komai zai koma daidai. Amma idan aka gano cututtukan da ke haifar da tsalle-tsalle a cikin jini, to za a buƙaci magani na kwarai, kuma himma a wannan yanayin na iya zama haɗari ga rayuwar yaron.

Kulawar hawan jini a cikin yara

Kulawa da hawan jini a cikin yaro an fara shi ne idan an gano wata cuta, hakan yakan haifar da irin wannan karkacewar. Symptomatic far a cikin wannan yanayin ba ya ba da sakamako mai ɗorewa. Idan sanadin shine ganyayyaki-na jijiyoyin bugun jini ko hauhawar jini a cikin mahaifa, to yaron yana buƙatar maganin warkewar cutar. Wataƙila nadin "Elenium", "Seduxen." Hakanan zaku buƙaci daidaita yanayin. Wajibi ne a ware lokaci don tafiya ta yau da kullun a cikin iska mai kyau, kazalika da motsa jiki. Zai yuwu don jan hankalin jaririn zuwa wasanni daban-daban, amma don nauyin ya karu a hankali.

Idan karuwar matsin lamba ya zama saniyar ware - ba a haɗa shi da kowace cuta ba, to ana buƙatar magani tare da masu hanawa. Sau da yawa ana wajabta "Inderal", "Obzidan." Hakanan, don lura da cutar hawan jini, yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da Reserpine ko Rauvazan. An zabi sashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi daban a kowane yanayi. Ya dogara da yanayin yaro da alamomi a kan tonometer. Wataƙila nadin magungunan diuretic: "Hypothiazide", "Veroshpiron."

Sanadin tashin hankali

Idan karfin jini a cikin yaro ya faɗi ƙasa da 100/60, to, suna magana ne game da haɓakar haihuwar jini (artpot hypotension). Groupungiyar haɗari na musamman a wannan yanayin shine ɗaliban makaranta. Mafi yawan lokuta, ana gano wannan yanayin a cikin 'yan mata. Koyaya, za'a iya lura da karkacewar karfin jini daga al'ada zuwa ƙaramin haɓaka a cikin jarirai. Wannan yana hade da rikice-rikice na ciki, cututtuka daban-daban, ko haihuwa.

Abubuwan da suka fi haifar da hawan jini shine likitoci sun dauke su:

• yanayin gado, da yiwuwar samun hauhawar jini a wannan yanayin zai iya kaiwa kashi 80%,
• mahaifa na cikin mahaifa, raunin haihuwa, rashin inganci da zubar da hankali ga fontanel,
• canje-canje a matakan hormonal a lokacin balaga,
• yawan shakkuwar tunani-tunanin mutum, raunin horo mai yawa,
• cututtuka na kullum na tsarin numfashi da gabobin ENT,
• ƙarancin motsa jiki
• abinci, abinci mara kyau, rashi bitamin.

Cutar daban-daban da dalilai masu rauni zasu iya haifar da tashin hankali. Wadannan sun hada da:

• cuta cuta na rayuwa
• ilimin halittar endocrine tsarin,
• matsalolin narkewa
• malfunctioning na pituitary gland shine yake,
• sanadiyyar kamuwa da cutar sankara ko bayyanar sa,
• raunin kwakwalwa
• cututtuka na tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini,
• raunin da ya faru tare da zubar jini,
• karancin baƙin ƙarfe
• cutar koda
• haɗarin mahaifa.

Rashin karfin jini

Pressurearancin matsin lamba sau da yawa tare da ciwon kai da iyaye, suna ƙoƙarin rage yanayin jariri, ba shi analgesics. Waɗannan ba daidai bane, saboda ba tare da bincike ba, an hana amfani da painkillers. Wadannan kwayoyi na iya yin gwajin cutar kuma su rikita batun gano cutar.

A cikin yara underan shekaru 10, bashi da shawarar gyara ƙarancin jini a medial. Don rage yanayin crumbs da sauƙaƙa zafi, zaku iya gayyace shi ya sha kopin kofi mai rauni (na halitta) tare da madara. Cakulan mai zafi da shayi mai baƙar fata na iya ƙara hawan jini.

Daga shekara 11-12, hypotension ana bi da shi tare da magunguna na musamman waɗanda likita zai ba su. Hakanan za'a iya tattauna yawan lokacin gudanarwa da kashi tare da likita kuma ba zaka iya canza su da kanka ba. Mafi yawan lokuta a cikin ilimin yara don lura da irin waɗannan halaye ana amfani da su:

Manya daga ciwon kai sukan dauki Citramon. An haramta shi sosai a ba da shi ga yara, tunda ban da maganin kafeyin a cikin wannan shiri, acetylsalicylic acid shine abu mai aiki. Yana inganta bakin jini, wanda kan iya haifar da matsaloli na haila. Ba a amfani da magungunan da ke ɗauke da maganin kafeyin idan yaron yana da hauhawar jini tare da saurin motsawa.

Ta yaya iyaye za su taimaka?

Don rage yanayin yaro tare da matsanancin matsin lamba da tsawan lokaci da dama da kuma alamun da ke tare da su, dole ne a sanya masu zuwa:

• yi kokarin daidaita yanayin halin da ake ciki a makaranta da haifar da yanayi mai daɗi ga jariri a cikin gidan,
• ku lura da tsarin yau da kullun wanda ya dace da shekarun yaro, tsara yadda ya kamata a ƙarshen sati da hutu,
• a hana kallon talabijin da wasannin kwamfuta,
• activityara yawan aiki na jiki, gwargwadon yanayin ƙaramin mai haƙuri, zaka iya shiga yin iyo, hawa doki,
• Wajibi ne a tsara tafiyar yau da kullun cikin sabon iska akalla awanni 2 nesa da manyan hanyoyi da sauran wuraren da gurbataccen yanayi,
• Hakanan dole ne a cire damuwa daga tunanin mutum, watakila barin ƙarin da'irori ko azuzuwan tare da mai koyarwa,
• samar wa yaro da ingantaccen abinci, shirya abinci 4-5 a rana, gami da aƙalla 300 grams kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa,
• tare da kara matsin lamba, ya kamata ka rage amfani da gishiri, kayan yaji, kayan yaji da kayayyakin cutarwa,
• tare da saukar karfin jini, ya zama dole don kara kayayyakin da ke dauke da sinadarin alli a cikin abincin: madara, kefir, cuku gida,
• ana neman abin tausa.

Hakanan ya cancanci ambaton tasirin nicotine da barasa akan alamuran matsin lamba. Sabili da haka, iko ya zama dole ga matasa waɗanda, ƙoƙarin bayyana kamar manya, fara sha'awar waɗannan abubuwan.

Shin kuna son labarin?
Ajiye mata!

Har yanzu kuna da tambayoyi? Tambaye su a cikin bayanan!

Menene hawan jini da na jini?

Jini ko jijiya (anan HELL) Shin matsin jini a jikin bangon jiragen ruwa. A takaice dai, wannan shine matsin lamba na tsarin ruwa na jijiya wanda ya wuce matsin lamba na yanayi, wanda a ciki yake "matse" (ayyukan) akan duk abinda ke saman duniya, harma da mutane. Milimita na Mercury (anan mmter mmHg) wani yanki ne na auna karfin karfin jini.

An bambanta nau'ikan hawan jini:

• intracardiac ko zuciyatasowa cikin takaicin zuciya tare da kwanciyar hankali. Kowane bangare na zuciya, an tsayar da alamomi na yau da kullun, waɗanda suka bambanta dangane da sake zagayowar zuciya, da kuma halayen jiki na jiki,
• tsakiyar venous(a takaice kamar CVP), i.e. saukar karfin jini na atrium na dama, wanda ke da alaqa kai tsaye da yawan dawowar jinin haila a zuciya. CVP fihirisa suna da mahimmanci don bincika wasu cututtuka,
• mulkin mallaka Adadi mai yawa wanda ya nuna matakin matsa lamba a ciki capillaries kuma ya danganta da yanayin tabbatarsa ​​da yanayin tashin hankali,
• hawan jini - Wannan shine farkon kuma watakila mafi mahimmancin mahimmanci, nazarin wanda ƙwararren likita ya ƙare ko tsarin jijiyoyin jiki na aiki a kullun ko kuma idan akwai karkacewa. Darajar saukar karfin jini yana nuni da yawan jini wanda yake jefa zuciya zuwa wani bangare na lokaci. Bugu da kari, wannan sigar ilimin halittar jiki yana nuna juriya na gado na jijiyoyin jiki.

Tunda ita zuciya ce wacce take tuki (wani nau’in famfo) na jini a jikin dan Adam, ana yiwa mafi girman alamu masu nuna karfin jini yayin fitar jini daga zuciya, wato daga ciki hagu. Lokacin da jini ya shiga cikin jijiyoyin jini, matakin matsin lamba ya zama ƙasa, a cikin capillaries yana raguwa sosai, kuma ya zama ƙanƙane a cikin jijiyoyin jini, haka nan kuma a ƙofar zuciya, i.e. a daidai atrium.

Ana yin la'akari da manyan alamomin guda uku na hawan jini:

• bugun zuciya (raguwar bugun zuciya) ko bugun mutum,
• systolic, i.e. babba matsa lamba
• m, i.e. ƙananan.

Me ake nufi da babba da ƙananan mutum ke nufi?

Manuniya na matsa lamba na sama da na kasa, menene kuma menene suke tasiri? Lokacin da ventricles na dama da hagu na kwangila na zuciya (i.e., bugun zuciya yana kan ci gaba), an tura jini a cikin systole (mataki na tsoka na zuciya) a cikin aorta.

Ana kiran mai nuna alama a wannan karon systolic kuma an yi rikodin farko, i.e. a zahiri, shine lamba ta farko. Don wannan, ana kiran matsin systolic babba. Wannan darajar yana tasiri ta hanyar juriya na jijiyoyin bugun jini, gami da yawaitar karfin gwiwa.

A cikin tsarin diastole, i.e. a tsakanin tazara tsakanin sashi (systole phase), lokacin da zuciya ta kasance cikin annashuwa kuma ya cika da jini, ana rubuta darajar diastolic ko hawan jini. Wannan ƙimar ya dogara da juriya na jijiyoyin bugun jini.

Bari mu taƙaita duka abubuwan da ke sama tare da misali mai sauƙi. An sani cewa 120/70 ko 120/80 sune ingantattun alamun BP na mutumin da ke da lafiya ("kamar 'yan saman jannati"), inda lambar farko ta 120 itace matsakaici ko matsin lamba na systolic, kuma 70 ko 80 shine diastolic ko ƙananan matsa lamba.

Standardsa'idodin matsin lambar mutum ta hanyar shekaru

Gaskiya, yayin da muke yara da ƙoshin lafiya, da wuya mu kula da matakin hawan jini. Mun ji da kyau, sabili da haka babu wani dalilin damuwa. Koyaya, jikin mutum yayi tsufa kuma ya tsufa. Abun takaici, wannan tsari ne na dabi'a gaba daya daga matsayin ilimin kimiya, wanda yake shafi ba wai kawai bayyanar fatar mutum bane, harma da dukkanin gabobin ciki da tsarinsa, gami da hawan jini.

Don haka, menene yakamata ya zama jinin al'ada a cikin manya da yara? Ta yaya fasalulluka da suka danganci shekaru suna shafar hawan jini? Kuma a wane zamani yake da daraja don fara sarrafa wannan mahimmancin alamar?

Don farawa, za a san cewa irin wannan nuna alama a matsayin hawan jini a zahiri ya dogara da dalilai da yawa na mutum (yanayin tunanin mutum-mutum, lokaci na rana, shan wasu magunguna, abinci ko abin sha, da sauransu).

Likitocin zamani suna sane da duk rubutattun allunan da aka yi a baya wadanda suka hada da yanayin matsakaicin karfin jini dangane da shekarun mai haƙuri. Gaskiyar ita ce, sabon binciken yayi magana akan fifikon tsarin mutum a kowane yanayi. A matsayinkaɗaice, matsa lamba na jini a cikin mazan kowane zamani, kuma ba shi da mahimmanci a cikin maza ko mata, bai kamata ya wuce ƙararraki na 140/90 mm Hg ba. Art.

Wannan yana nuna cewa idan mutum ya shekara 30 ko 50-60 years, alamu sunkai 130/80, to bashi da matsala da aikin zuciya. Idan babba ko systolic matsa lamba ya wuce 140/90 mmHg, to ana tantance mutumin jijiyahauhawar jini. Ana aiwatar da magani na miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin yanayin lokacin da matsi mai haƙuri "ya tafi sikelin" don alamu na 160/90 mm Hg.

Lokacin da aka matsa lamba a cikin mutum, ana ganin alamu masu zuwa:

• gajiya,
• tinnitus,
• kumburi kafafu
• tsananin farin ciki,
• matsalolin hangen nesa
• rage aiki
• hanci.

Dangane da kididdigar, yawan hawan jini a mafi yawan lokuta ana samun shi a cikin mata, da ƙananan - a cikin tsofaffi na maza da mata. Lokacin da ƙananan jini ko diastolic na jini ya sauka a ƙasa da 110/65 mm Hg, to, canje-canje mara jituwa a cikin gabobin ciki da kyallen takarda ya faru, kamar yadda ƙaddamarwar jini ke ƙaruwa, kuma, sakamakon haka, jiki yana cike da oxygen.

Idan ana kiyaye motsin ku a Hg 80 zuwa 50 mm, to ya kamata nan da nan ku nemi taimako daga kwararrun. Lowerarancin ƙananan jini yana haifar da yunwar oxygen na kwakwalwa, wanda hakan ke cutar da jikin ɗan adam gabaɗaya. Wannan yanayin yana da haɗari kamar hawan jini. An yi imani da cewa matsa lamba na mutum na al'ada na shekaru 60 da haihuwa kuma ya kamata kada ya wuce 85-89 mm Hg. Art.

In ba haka ba, ci gaba tashin hankali ko cincin dystonia. Tare da rage matsin lamba, alamu kamar:

• rauni na tsoka
• ciwon kai,
• duhu cikin idanu
• karancin numfashi,
• bari
• gajiya,
• sabunnakazalika da rashin jin daɗi daga sautunan sauti,
• ji jin sanyi da sanyi a cikin gabobi.

Sanadin saukar karfin jini na iya zama:

• yanayi na damuwa
• yanayin yanayi, kamar ƙoshin abinci ko zafi,
• gajiya saboda manyan lodi,
• rashin bacci,
• rashin lafiyan dauki
• wasu magunguna, irin su magunguna na zahiri ko na jin zafi, maganin rigakafi ko maganin hana ƙwayoyin cuta.

Koyaya, akwai misalai lokacin da mutane cikin rayuwa suke zaune cikin natsuwa tare da ƙananan jini na 50 mm Hg. Art. kuma, alal misali, tsoffin 'yan wasa, waɗanda tsoffin ƙwayoyin zuciya ke bugun jini saboda yawan motsa jiki, suna jin daɗi. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa kowane mutum zai iya samun alamu na yau da kullun na BP, wanda yake jin girma kuma yana rayuwa cikakke.

Babban diastolic matsa lambayana nuna kasancewar cututtuka na kodan, glandar thyroid ko glandon adrenal.

Haɓaka matakin matsa lamba ana iya haifar dashi ta hanyar dalilai kamar su:

• kiba
• danniya
• atherosclerosisda wasu cututtuka,
• shan taba da sauran munanan halaye,
• ciwon sukari mellitus,
• rashin daidaita tsarin abinci
• m rayuwa
• Yanayin yanayi.

Wani muhimmin batun dangane da cutar hawan jini ta dan adam. Don yanke hukunci daidai dukkanin alamu guda uku (babba, ƙananan matsin lamba da bugun jini), kuna buƙatar bin ƙa'idodin ma'aunin sauƙi. Na farko, ingantaccen lokaci don auna karfin jini shine safe. Haka kuma, ya kamata a sanya mai mitomiti a matakin zuciya, don haka ma'aunin zai zama daidai.

Abu na biyu, matsin lambar na iya "tsalle" saboda wani canji mai kaifi a yanayin yanayin jikin mutum. Abin da ya sa ya zama dole a auna shi bayan farkawa, ba tare da tashi daga kan gado ba. Hannun tare da daɗin ƙiminin tonometer ya kamata ya zama a kwance da tsayi. In ba haka ba, alamomin da na'urar ta bayar za su kasance ba daidai ba.

Abin lura ne cewa bambanci tsakanin alamomin akan hannayen biyu kada ya wuce 5 mm. Halin da ya fi dacewa shi ne lokacin da bayanan ba su bambanta ba dangane da ko an auna matsin lamba a hannun dama ko hagu. Idan alamu sun bambanta da mm 10, to, akwai yuwuwar ci gaban ci gaba atherosclerosis, kuma bambanci na 15-20 mm yana nuna rashin damuwa a cikin ci gaban tasoshin jini kostenosis.

Menene halayen matsin lamba a cikin mutum, tebur

Har yanzu, teburin da ke sama tare da abubuwan haɓakar hawan jini ta hanyar shekaru kawai magana ce. Hawan jini ba koyaushe bane kuma yana iya canzawa dangane da dalilai da yawa.

Tebur na matsi

Bugu da kari, a wasu nau'ikan marasa lafiya, alal misali, mata masu juna biyuwanda jikinsa, gami da tsarin zagayawa, yana fuskantar canje-canje da yawa a lokacin haihuwar jariri, alamomin na iya bambanta, kuma wannan ba za'a dauki wannan karkatacciyar karkacewa ba. Koyaya, azaman jagora, waɗannan ka'idojin haɓakar jini a cikin tsofaffi na iya zama da amfani ga kwatanta alamomin su da adadi na adadi.

Tebur na jini a cikin yara da shekaru

Bari muyi magana game da yara hawan jini. Don farawa, ya lura cewa a cikin magani, an kafa matakan jini daban daban a cikin yara daga 0 zuwa 10 shekaru kuma a cikin samari, i.e. daga shekara 11 da haihuwa. Wannan ya faru ne saboda tsarin zuciyar yaro a cikin shekaru daban-daban, haka kuma ga wasu canje-canje a tsarin haihuwar da ke faruwa yayin balaga.

Yana da mahimmanci a jaddada cewa hawan jini na yara zai kasance sama da na manya, wannan ya faru ne saboda mafi girman jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini a cikin jarirai da yara makarantan. Koyaya, tare da shekaru, ba kawai iyawar tasoshin yana canzawa ba, har ma da wasu sigogi na tsarin jijiyoyin jini, alal misali, nisa daga lumen na jijiyoyin da jijiyoyin jini, yanki na cibiyar sadarwar, da sauransu, wanda kuma yana shafar hawan jini.

Bugu da kari, ba wai kawai tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini ba (tsarin da iyakokin zuciya a cikin yara, da kuma jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini), har ma da kasancewar abubuwan haɓaka na haɓaka yanayin haɓaka na jini (ba kawai halayen tsarin jijiyoyin jini ba) suna yin tasiri a cikin alamun jini.ciwon zuciya) da kuma yanayin jijiya.

Rashin jini na yau da kullun ga mutanen da ke shekaru daban-daban

Kamar yadda za'a iya gani daga tebur don jarirai, ana ɗaukar matakin (60-96 by 40-50 mm Hg) a matsayin ƙananan ƙarancin jini idan aka kwatanta da tsufa. Wannan shi ne saboda m cibiyar sadarwa na capillaries da babban jijiyoyin bugun gini.

A ƙarshen shekarar farko ta rayuwar yaro, masu nuna alama (90-112 da 50-74 mm Hg) yana ƙaruwa da alama saboda haɓakar tsarin jijiyoyin jini (sautin ganuwar jijiyoyin bugun jini) da dukkan kwayoyin. Koyaya, bayan shekara guda, haɓakar alamomi yana raguwa sosai kuma ana ganin haɓakar jini al'ada a matakin 100-112 a 60-74 mm Hg. Wadannan alamun suna ƙara da shekaru 5 zuwa 100-116 ta hanyar 60-76 mm Hg.

Game da abin da matsin lamba na ɗan yaro wanda ke da shekaru 9 da haihuwa kuma ya damu sosai iyaye da yawa na ɗaliban makarantar firamare. Lokacin da yaro ya tafi makaranta, rayuwarsa tana canzawa kwatankwacinsu - akwai ƙarin nauyi da ɗawainiya, da ƙasa da lokacin kyauta. Sabili da haka, jikin yaron yana amsa daban don irin wannan canji mai sauri cikin rayuwar da aka saba.

A manufa, alamomi hawan jini a cikin yara 6-9 shekara, sun dan kadan bambanta da zamanin da ya gabata, kawai iyakar halatta iyakokin fadada (100-122 by 60-78 mm Hg). Likitocin dabbobi sun gargaɗi iyaye cewa a wannan zamani, hauhawar jini a cikin yara na iya yin watsi da ƙa'idar saboda ƙaruwar damuwa ta jiki da ta hankali da ke tattare da shiga makaranta.

Babu wani dalilin damuwa idan yaro har yanzu yana jin lafiya.Koyaya, idan kun lura cewa ƙaramin ɗan makarantarku ya gaji, sau da yawa yana gunaguni da ciwon kai, gajiya kuma ba tare da yanayi ba, to wannan shine lokaci don yin hankali da kuma nuna alamun alamun hawan jini.

Matsin lamba na yau da kullun a cikin matashi

Dangane da teburin, hawan jini shine al'ada a cikin yara 10-16 years old, idan masu nuna alama ba su wuce 110-136 ta 70-86 mm Hg. An yi imani da cewa abin da ake kira "zamanin canji" yana farawa ne daga shekaru 12. Iyaye da yawa suna jin tsoron wannan lokacin, saboda yaro daga mai ƙauna mai biyayya da biyayya a ƙarƙashin rinjayar homonin zai iya zama yarinyar da ba ta da nutsuwa, tausayawa da tawaye.

Abin takaici, wannan lokacin yana da haɗari ba kawai ta hanyar canjin yanayi ba kawai, har ma ta canje-canje da ke faruwa a cikin jikin yara. Hormones, wanda aka samar da adadinsu, yana shafar duk mahimman tsarin mutum, gami da tsarin zuciya.

Sabili da haka, alamu na matsin lamba a cikin samartaka na iya karkatar da ɗan ƙa'idar ƙa'idodin da ke sama. Mahimmin abu a cikin wannan kalmar ba shi da mahimmanci. Wannan yana nufin cewa a cikin yanayin lokacin da saurayi ya ji mara kyau kuma yana da alamun cutar hawan jini ko ƙarami a fuskarsa, kuna buƙatar tuntuɓi kwararrun likita wanda zai bincika yaron kuma ya tsara maganin da ya dace.

Jiki lafiyayye yana daidaita kansa kuma yana shirya saurayi. A shekaru 13-15, hawan jini zai daina “tsalle” kuma zai dawo al'ada. Koyaya, a gaban karkacewa da wasu cututtuka, ana buƙatar sa hannun likita da kuma daidaita magunguna.

Hawan jini na iya zama alama:

• hauhawar jini (140/90 mmHg), wanda, ba tare da magani da ya dace ba, na iya haifar da mummunan ciwo tashin hankali,
• hauhawar jini, wanda yake halayyar cututtuka na tasoshin kodan da kuma ciwacewar glandar adrenal,
• tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire na dystonia, wata cuta wacce ake amfani da ita a tsakanin karfin jini a cikin kewayon Hg 140/90 mm Hg,
• pressurearamar hawan jini na iya ƙaruwa saboda cutar a cikin aikin ƙodan (stenosis, glomerulonephritis, atherosclerosis , ci gaban mahaukaci),
• hawan jini ya tashi sakamakon rashin aiki na tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, da a cikin marassa lafiyaanemia.

Idan saukar karfin jini ya yi kasa, to akwai hadarin ci gaba:

• tashin hankali,
• infarction na zuciya,
• tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire na dystonia,
• anemia,
• myocardiopathies,
• hawan jini,
• kasawar rashin daidaituwa,
• cututtuka na tsarin hypothalamic-pituitary.

Yana da matukar muhimmanci sosai a sarrafa matakin hawan jini, kuma ba wai kawai yana da shekaru 40 ko bayan hamsin ba. Mai mitomet, kamar ma'aunin zafi, ya kamata ya kasance a cikin majalisar ministocin gida na duk wanda yake son rayuwa mai lafiya da kuma gamsarwa. Ku ciyar da mintina biyar na lokacinku a kan tsarin aikin sauƙaƙe mai sauƙihawan jini ba da wahala sosai ba, amma jikin ku zaiyi godiya sosai game da hakan.

Menene matsin bugun jini?

Kamar yadda muka ambata a sama, ban da systolic da tashin hankali na jini, bugun mutum ana ɗaukar mahimmanci mai mahimmanci don kimanta aikin zuciya. Menene wannan bugun bugun jini kuma menene wannan nuni yake nuna?

Don haka, an san cewa matsin lamba na mutum mai lafiya yakamata ya kasance tsakanin 120/80, inda lambar farko shine matsin lamba na sama, na biyu kuma shine ƙananan.

Don haka anan bugun bugun jini - wannan shine bambanci tsakanin alamu systolic da diastolic matsa lamba, i.e. babba da kasa.

Matsalar bugun jini yawanci shine 40 mmHg. godiya ga wannan alamar, likita na iya yanke shawara akan yanayin jijiyoyin jini na mai haƙuri, kuma ya ƙayyade:

• mataki na deterioration na arterial ganuwar,
• patility na jini da kuma elasticity,
• yanayin myocardium, kazalika da bawul din aortic,
• ci gaba stenosis,ciwon sikila, ka'idodi masu kumburi.

Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ƙa'idar ta kasancebugun bugun jinidaidai yake da 35 mm Hg ƙari ko debe maki 10, da manufa - 40 mmHg. Darajar matsa lamba ta bugun jini ya bambanta da shekarun mutumin, kazalika da yanayin lafiyarsa. Bugu da kari, wasu dalilai, kamar yanayin yanayi ko yanayin halin rai-da-rai, suma suna yin tasiri ga darajar matsa lamba.

Pressurearancin matsewar bugun jini (ƙasa ƙasa da mm 30 mm Hg), wanda mutum zai iya rasa hankali, yana jin rauni mai rauni, ciwon kai, nutsuwa da tsananin farin ciki tattaunawa game da ci gaba:

• tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire na dystonia,
• aortic stenosis,
• rawar jiki,
• anemia,
• sclerosis na zuciya,
• kumburi,
• cutar ischemic koda.

Kadan bugun bugun jini - Wannan wani alama ne daga jiki wanda zuciya ba ta aiki da kyau, shi ne, yana raunana jini “magin jini”, wanda kan kai shi ga yunwar oxygen da ke jikin mu da kyallen takarda. Tabbas, babu wani dalili da zai firgita idan faɗuwar wannan alamar tana da guda ɗaya, duk da haka, lokacin da ta zama abin da ya faru akai-akai, buƙatar gaggawa don daukar mataki da neman taimakon likita.

Babban bugun bugun zuciya, har da maras nauyi, na iya lalacewa ta hanyar karkacewar lokaci, alal misali, halin damuwa ko kara karfin motsa jiki, da kuma ci gaban cututtukan cututtukan zuciya.

Ya karu bugun bugun jini(fiye da 60 mm Hg) an lura dashi tare da:

Yawan zuciya ta hanyar tsufa

Wani mahimmancin alama mai nuna aikin zuciya ana ɗaukar ƙimar zuciya a cikin manya, har da na yara. Daga bangaren likitanci da bugun jini - Waɗannan sune hawa da sauka a bangon banki, mita wanda ya dogara da zagayowar bugun zuciya. A cikin sauki kalmomin, bugun zuciya ne bugun zuciya ko bugun zuciya.

Pulse shine ɗayan tsoffin magungunan halittu waɗanda likitoci ke tantance yanayin zuciyar mai haƙuri. Ana auna ƙudurin zuciya a cikin buguwa na minti ɗaya kuma ya dogara, a matsayin mai mulkin, akan shekarun mutum. Bugu da kari, wasu dalilai suna shafar bugun jini, alal misali, yawan motsa jiki ko yanayin mutum.

Kowane mutum na iya auna ƙimar zuciyarsa ta kansa, don wannan kawai zaka iya gano minti ɗaya akan agogo kuma jin bugun jini a wuyan hannu. Zuciya zata yi kyau idan mutum yana da bugun jini, yawan wanda shine 60-90 yana bugun minti daya.

Matsin lamba da bugun zuciya ta shekaru, tebur

An yi imanin cewa bugun ƙwararren mai lafiya (i.e., ba tare da cuta mai ƙwaƙwalwa ba) mutumin da bai kai shekara 50 ba ya wuce bugun 70 na minti ɗaya a matsakaici. Koyaya, akwai wasu abubuwa masu ma'ana, misali, a cikin mata bayan shekarun 40, lokacin menopauseana iya lura samarin, i.e. increasedara yawan zuciya kuma wannan zai iya bambanta da na al'ada.

Abinda ke faruwa shine a kan m menopause asalin yanayin jikin mace yana canzawa. Canjin yanayin wannan hormone kamar isrogen ba zai shafi yawan zuciya kawai ba, har ma a alamu hawan jini, wanda na iya karkatarwa daga dabi'un al'ada.

Don haka, bugun mace yana da shekaru 30 da haihuwa kuma bayan shekara 50 zai bambanta ba kawai saboda tsufa ba, har ma saboda halayen tsarin haihuwa. Ya kamata duk mata suyi la'akari da wannan don su damu da lafiyar su a gaba kuma su san canje-canje masu zuwa.

Yawan zuciya zai iya canzawa ba kawai saboda wani ciwo ba, har ma, alal misali, saboda mummunan ciwo ko matsanancin ƙoƙari na jiki, saboda zafi ko cikin yanayin damuwa. Bugu da kari, bugun jini kai tsaye ya dogara da lokacin rana. A dare, yayin bacci, yawanta yakan ragu sosai, kuma bayan farkawa, yana ƙaruwa.

Lokacin da bugun zuciya ya wuce al'ada, to wannan yana nuna ci gaba samarinCutar wanda yawanci ke haifar da:

• malfunction na juyayi tsarin,
• endocrine,
• na haifuwa ne ko samuwar tsarin cuta na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini,
• mkobenign neoplasms,
• cututtuka.

A lokacin na ciki tachycardia na iya haɓaka a bango anemia. A abinci mai guba a bango amai ko karfi zawolokacin da jiki ya bushe, zazzabi mai yawa yana iya faruwa. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa bugun bugun hanzari na iya nuna ci gaban faduwar zuciya lokacin da samarin Yawan zuciya fiye da 100 bebi a minti daya) ya bayyana saboda karamin aiki.

Akasin haka samarin wani abin mamaki da ake kira bradycardia wani yanayi ne wanda yawan zuciya ya fadi kasa da bugun 60 a minti daya. Aikin bradycardia (iu, wata al'ada ce ta jiki) dabi'a ce ga mutane yayin bacci, haka kuma ga foran wasa kwararru waɗanda jikinsu yana ƙarƙashin aiki na yau da kullun motsa jiki wanda tsarin mulkin zuciya yana aiki daban da na talakawa.

Pathological, i.e. Bradycardia, mai haɗari ga jikin ɗan adam, an gyara shi:

Hakanan akwai irin wannan magani na bradycardia, sanadin ci gaba wanda shine yawan shan magunguna.

Table na al'ada na zuciya kudi a cikin yara da shekaru

Kamar yadda za'a iya gani daga saman tebur na ƙudurin ƙimar zuciya a cikin yara da haihuwa, ƙarancin zuciya yakan zama ƙasa yayin da yaro yayi girma. Amma tare da alamun hawan jiniana lura da sabanin hoto, tunda suna, akasin haka, suna ƙaruwa yayin da mutum yayi girma.

Canjin zuciya a yara na iya zama saboda:

• aiki na jiki
• jihar halin damuwa
• overwork
• cututtuka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, endocrine ko tsarin numfashi,
• dalilai na waje, alal misali, yanayin yanayi (cike yake, zafi, tsalle-tsalle cikin matsanancin yanayi).