Manya da ƙananan matsin lamba: wanda ke nufin al'ada ta hanyar shekaru, karkacewa daga al'ada

Hawan jini - matsin lamba da jini yakeyi akan bangon jijiyoyin jini, a wasu kalmomin, yawan wuce karfin ruwa a cikin jijiyoyin jini sama da na duniya. Daya daga cikin alamomi masu mahimmancin aiki da kuma masu ilimin halitta.

Mafi yawan lokuta, hawan jini yana nufin hawan jini. Baya ga shi, ana rarrabe nau'ikan hawan jini: intracardiac, capillary, venous. Tare da kowane bugun zuciya, hawan jini yana gudana tsakanin mafi kankanta, m (daga wasu Girkanci διαστολή "rarefaction") kuma mafi girma, systolic (daga wasu Girkanci. συστολή "matsawa").

Menene hawan jini?

Wannan shine ɗayan manyan alamomin mahimmancin ɗan adam. Ana bayarda matsawa ne ta aikin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini wanda yake gudana ta hanyar jini. Yawansa yana shafar yawanta da ƙimar zuciyarta. Kowane bugun zuciya yana jefa wani yanki na jini da wani karfi. Kuma girman matsin lambar sa a jikin bangon jiragen kuma ya dogara da wannan. Ya juya cewa mafi girman fiɗinsa ana lura da su a cikin jiragen ruwa mafi kusa da shi, da kuma ci gaba, ƙasa da su.

Ayyade abin da matsin lamba ya kamata ya kasance, sun ɗauki matsakaicin darajar, wanda aka auna a cikin artery brachial. Wannan hanyar bincike ne da likita yayi idan akwai wani korafi game da tabarbarewar lafiya. Kusan kowa ya san cewa ma'aunin yana yanke shawarar babba da ƙananan matsa lamba. Menene sakamakon auna yana nufin, likita ba koyaushe yake yin bayani ba. Kuma ba duk mutane bane har ma sun san alamun da ke al'ada a gare su. Amma duk wanda ya taɓa jin tsawa ko faɗuwa cikin matsi ya fahimci yadda yake da mahimmanci a sarrafa shi. Canje-canje na rayuwa, abinci mai kyau da kuma matakan da suka dace na motsa jiki zasu taimaka kiyaye zuciyarka da tasoshin jini.

Me yasa lambobi biyu

Manuniyar hawan jini suna da matukar muhimmanci wajan tantance tasirin zagayawa cikin jini a jikin mutum. Yawancin lokaci ana auna shi a hannun hagu, ta amfani da na'ura na musamman da ake kira tonometer. Daidai magana, muna magana ne game da wuce haddi karfin jini a kan na sararin samaniya. A lokaci guda, azaman haraji ga al'adun, ana amfani da irin wannan sigar gwargwadon milimita na Mercury.

Hawan jini alamu ne da ke tabbatar da matsa lamba na motsa jini a jikin bangon jijiyoyin jini

Don haka me yasa, bayan komai, sakamakon, muna ganin alamomi guda biyu kuma menene lambobi suke nufi lokacin auna karfin jini? Abinda yake shine wannan sigar ba ta zama mai ɗorewa ba duk cikin yanayin famfo (ƙwayar zuciya). A lokacin da aka saki wani bangare na jini a cikin tsarin, matsin lamba a cikin jijiyoyin jikinsu ya kai matsakaicinsa, bayan haka a hankali zai ragu. Sannan sake zagayowar ya maimaita.

Saboda haka, don cikakken bayanin, ana amfani da duk alamu guda biyu:

• hawan babba (matsakaici) - ana kiran shi systolic (systole - bugun zuciya),
• ƙananan (m) - diastolic (diastole - lokacin shakatawa na ventricles na zuciya).

Idan zuciyar zuciyar ku, misali, sabawa 70 a minti daya, to wannan yana nuna cewa zuciya cikin sakan sittin tana tura sabon kashi na "sabo" jini a cikin jijiyoyin jini sau 70. A lokaci guda, canjin matsin lamba shima yana ɗaukar matakai saba'in.

Abinda matsin lamba ke ɗauka na al'ada

Menene lambobin matsa lamba 120 zuwa 80 suke nufi? Kawai cewa kana da cikakken karfin jini. A taqaice dai magana, manufar “dabi’a” tana da halin mutum sosai. Ga kowane ɗayan, akwai ingantaccen matakin hauhawar jini wanda a ciki baya jin wata damuwa. Wannan matakin ana kiransa "ma'aikaci". A wannan halin, ƙirar sigogi na iya ɗan bambanta da waɗanda aka yarda gaba ɗaya. Su ne ya kamata a ɗauka azaman al'ada don takamaiman yanayin kuma ya kamata su maimaita ta yayin ƙarin bincike. Koyaya, akwai kyawawan dabi'u waɗanda ake ganin an yarda da su kuma basu tayar da batun kasancewar cutar ba.

Matsin lamba, wanda aka ɗauka ya zama na yau da kullun, an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar karatun 120/80 mm. Hg. st

• Don matsin systolic, irin wannan rata yana cikin kewayon 90 ... .140 mm Hg.
• Don diastolic - 60 ... .90 mmHg

Baya ga halaye guda ɗaya na kodan da zuciya, canje-canje masu alaƙar shekaru a cikin jijiyoyin jini suna shafar matsin lamba na yau da kullun. A cikin shekarun da suka gabata, tsarin jijiyar jikin dan Adam ya rasa saukin sa, wanda ke haifar da wasu karuwa a matsin aiki.

• Bayan shekaru hamsin, matsa lamba na 135/90 mm Hg an dauki al'ada ne a cikin maza.
• Yana da shekara saba'in - 140/90 mmHg

A lokaci guda, idan saurayi 30-35 years old, tonometer a kai a kai yana nuna karfin jini a matakin 135/90 mm Hg, to wannan babban dalili ne don ganin likita, saboda yana iya nuna ci gaban hauhawar jini.

Raguwa daga al'ada

Ko da a cikin cikakkiyar lafiya mutum, matsin lamba yana sauka a cikin kullun kuma yana dogara da yanayin yanayin zafi.

• Tare da ƙoƙarin jiki da damuwa na hankali, hawan jini ya tashi. Misali, tare da kwararren mai wutan lantarki a lokacin tashe tasirin barbell, tonometer zai iya yin rikodin 300/150 mm Hg. Wani mutum na yau da kullun, ba shakka, bai ɗanɗana irin wannan nauyin ba, karuwar matsin lamba a ƙarƙashin kaya ya fi ƙasa.
• A cikin yanayi mai zafi da zafi, saukar karfin jini. Wannan ya faru ne sakamakon raguwar abubuwan oxygen a cikin iska mai iska, wanda ke haifar da vasodilation.

Kowane mutum daban-daban, saboda haka, matsin lamba na iya bambanta da yadda aka yarda da kowa.

Irin waɗannan canjin yanayin sune ƙa'idar aiki idan maido da aikin ya gudana a cikin awa ɗaya. Idan sabawa na dindindin ne, to wannan yana nuna ci gaban matsaloli ne na jikin mutum.

Hawan jini

Idan karfin jini bai koma al'ada ba bayan motsa jiki na dogon lokaci ko ya tashi ba tare da wani kwakkwaran dalili ba, to akwai yuwuwar akwai dalili don magana game da hauhawar jini. Wasu lokuta alama ce ta rikice-rikice ba ta da alaƙa da aikin tsarin jijiyoyin jini, amma mafi yawan lokuta shi ne, bayan duk, alama ce ta hauhawar jini. Wannan ilimin sankara na faruwa ne saboda dalilai daban daban.

Tsarinsa mai rikitarwa na tsarin aiki ana iya bayanin shi sosai ta hanyar irin waɗannan matakai:

• yawan jini da yake shigowa da jijiyarsa yana ƙaruwa, wanda ke haifar da hauhawar hauhawar jini - ana iya haifar da hakan, alal misali, ta hanyar tara yawan ruwa a jiki,
• jijiyoyin jini suna rasa yiwuwar su, zubar jini a cikin su yana yin muni - “famfon” da yake yi ba zai iya tura jini ta cikin jirgin da ya mamaye cholesterol.

Rashin ƙarfi matuka na yau da kullun, lambobin akan tonometer na iya nuna H / 140/90 mm Hg. kuma a sama, wannan tabbataccen kararrawa ce da kuka karɓa daga jiki.

Gudun hauhawar jini yana haifar da sakamako mai baƙin ciki:

• bugun zuciya
• bugun jini
• koda dysfunction
• asarar hangen nesa.

Yana da mahimmanci don saka idanu akan alamun alamun hawan jini a kai a kai, tunda kowane canje-canje a ciki yana nuna matsaloli a cikin jikin da ke buƙatar magance shi

A cewar hukumar ta WHO, sama da mutane biliyan daya a duk duniya suna fama da hauhawar jini, wannan kisa yana kan gaba wajen haddasa mace-mace a Duniya.

Pressurearancin matsin lamba

Irin wannan matsalar ba ta zama ruwan dare ba. Yawancin lokaci hypotension ba cuta ce mai zaman kanta ba, amma a sakamakon wasu cututtuka. Gaskiya ne, wasu mutane suna da haɗarin hauhawar jini, amma baya faɗuwa ƙasa da 100/65 mm Hg.

Irin wannan matsin lambar yana haifar da sakamako masu zuwa:

• nutsuwa, rashin nutsuwa,
• rage aiki
• musayar gas a cikin huhu da na kassara na cikin mawuyacin hali,
• hypoxia (karancin iskar oxygen).

A matsin lamba a ƙasa 90/60 mm Hg Dole ne a dauki matakan, yayin da karin faduwa zai iya haifar da rushewa, lalacewa da mutuwa. Hypotensionension ba zai iya warkarwa ta hanyoyin zamani, magani na iya magance alamomin wannan cutar.

Matsa mai bugun jini

Wani muhimmin alamar dake nuna tsarin jikin dan adam shine bugun jini. Wannan shine bambanci tsakanin systolic da matsa lamba na diastolic. A yadda aka saba, shi ne 35-45 mm Hg. Koyaya, wannan ba koyaushe yake ba. Wani lokacin wannan saboda canje-canje ne da ke da shekaru, wani lokacin, tare da kasancewar manyan cututtuka.

Darajar matsa lamba ta bugun jini tana da kusanci da sakamakon da aka samu wajen tantance hawan jini

Don haka, alal misali, abubuwan da za a iya biyo baya na iya zama tushen tushen haɓakar bugun zuciya:

• tsufa na jijiya da ƙananan tasoshin jini (yawanci saboda atherosclerosis),
• ciwon sukari mellitus
• cututtukan thyroid.

Koyaya, babban dalilai guda biyu wanda yasa aka sami ƙaruwa a matsa lamba na systolic tare da raguwa na lokaci daya a cikin matsa lamba na jijiya shine aticrosrosrosis da rashin wadataccen ƙwayar aortic. Idan akwai matsala matsalar rashin lafiyar aortic valve malfunction, wannan matsalar ana iya magance ta. A duk sauran yanayin, magani, rashin alheri, ba shi da hanyoyin gyara irin waɗannan yanayin. Menene ma'anar saukar karfin jini, wanda yafi ƙanƙanta fiye da al'ada tare da al'ada ko babba? Abin sani kawai cewa kuna buƙatar bin tsarin lafiya, bar kyawawan halaye, kula da matsakaiccen motsa jiki da nauyin al'ada. Magunguna waɗanda ke rage matsa lamba na systolic lokaci guda kuma suna ƙaruwa da matsa lamba na rashin ƙarfi.

Idan bugun bugun jini ya ragu, to, wataƙila, muna magana ne game da canje-canje na cututtukan zuciya a cikin ƙodan ko jijiyoyin adrenal. Wadannan gabobin suna samar da kwayar halitta ta rayuwa, wanda idan ya shiga cikin jini, hakan zai sanya jijiyoyin su zama na roba. Tare da irin wannan cin zarafin aikin koda, an jefa wannan abun cikin jini cikin allurai masu yawa. Kawai malaikan zai daina yin tsayayya da zubar jini. A aikace, gwajin ya fi rikitarwa.

Lokacin da ake bincika ilimin cututtukan zuciya, ana ba da babbar kulawa ga darajar ƙimar ƙarfin bugun jini

Yadda za a kiyaye matsin lamba al'ada

Kamar yadda kake gani, aunawar karfin jini a wurin liyafar a likitan gargajiya ba wani tsari bane wanda Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta tsara. Wannan kayan aikin bincike ne mai ƙarfi wanda zai baka damar magance matsaloli masu lalacewa a lokaci-lokaci kuma gano cututtukan da suka riga sun sami nasarar kusanci. Gudanar da hawan jini yana da mahimmanci ga mutanen da ke fama da hauhawar jini ko hypotension - duka waɗannan cututtukan na iya haifar da mutuwa. Tabbas, ƙwararre ne don ƙayyade abin da lambar ta biyu ke nufi lokacin auna matsin lamba, kuma menene farkon, a cikin yanayin ku, kawai zai iya zama likitan ku.

Don adana tsarinka na zuciya a cikin yanayi mai kyau na dogon lokaci, tuna rulesan ka'idoji masu sauƙi:

• kar a sha barasa da sauran abubuwa masu motsa rai,
• bijiro da ingantacciyar hanyar rayuwa, kada a wuce gona da iri - yawan kiba shine makiyinka,
• kula da aikin mutum a cikin iska mai kyau,
• cinye kadan gishiri-wuri
• yi hankali da abinci mai kyau a cikin carbohydrates da cholesterol - kyakkyawan misali shine abinci mai sauri,
• Shigar da yawancin kayan lambu, hatsi, kayan kiwo mai ƙarancin abinci-mai yiwuwa a cikin abincinku,
• iyakance yawan kofi da kuma shayi mai karfi - a maye gurbinsu da wuraren sarrafa shara da kayan ado na ganye,
• Kar a manta game da amfanin motsa jiki na yau da kullun da ilimin motsa jiki.

Sanya shi doka don lokaci-lokaci don auna hawan jini ba tare da sanya wannan hanyar zuwa ziyarar GP ba. Abu ne mai sauki a yi, ba a dauki lokaci mai yawa ba. Don haka zaku iya kula da sauye sauye akan canje-canjen wannan muhimmin mai nuna alama. Duk wani likita zai tabbatar muku cewa lura da cutar a farkon matakai ya fi sauki fiye da gudu. Koyaya, zai fi kyau kar a kawo batun a ziyarar asibitin. Zai fi dacewa mu jagoranci salon rayuwa mai kyau da kuma damuwa kaɗan game da matsalolin yiwuwar matsin lamba.

Hanyar aunawa

Hawan jini shine ɗayan mahimman sigogi waɗanda ke nuna yanayin aikin jijiyoyin jini. Haɗin jini ana iyakance shi da ƙimar jinin da aka jefa a kowane guda ɗaya ta zuciya da juriyar gadon jijiyoyin jiki. Kamar yadda jini ke motsawa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar gradient na jini a cikin tasoshin da zuciya ta kirkira, mafi girman karfin jini zai kasance a mafitawar jini daga zuciya (a cikin ventricle hagu), da jijiyoyin zai sami dan ƙaramin ƙarfi kaɗan, har ma da ƙasa a cikin capillaries, kuma mafi ƙanƙanta a cikin jijiyoyin da ƙofar. zuciya (a daidai atrium). Matsin lamba a yayin fitarwa daga zuciya, a cikin aorta, da kuma a cikin manyan jijiyoyi sun bambanta dan kadan (ta 5-10 mm Hg), saboda juriyar hydrodynamic yana da ƙananan saboda girman diamita na waɗannan tasoshin. Hakanan, matsin lamba a cikin manyan jijiyoyin da kuma a dama atrium sun bambanta kaɗan. Babban raguwa a cikin karfin jini yana faruwa a cikin ƙananan tasoshin: arterioles, capillaries da venules.

Lambar farko shine saukar karfin jini na systolic, yana nuna matsin lamba a cikin arteries a daidai lokacin da zuciya tayi kwangila da tura jini cikin jijiyoyin, ya danganta da ƙarfin ƙanƙancewar zuciya, juriya da ganuwar jijiyoyin jini, da kuma yawan matsewar lokaci.

Lambar ƙasa ita ce diastolic saukar karfin jini, yana nuna matsin lamba a cikin arteries a lokacin shakatawa na ƙwayar zuciya. Wannan shine mafi ƙarancin matsin lamba a cikin jijiyoyin jini, yana nuna juriya na tasoshin yanki. Yayinda jini ke motsawa a kan gado na jijiyoyin bugun jini, amplitude na hawa da sauka a cikin karfin jini ya ragu, matsanancin motsa jiki da kuma karfin karfin kadan basu dogara da lokacin sake zagayowar zuciya ba.

Typicalimar darajar jini na mutum mai lafiya (systolic / diastolic) shine 120 da 80 mm Hg. Art., Matsin lamba a cikin manyan jijiyoyi ta mman mm RT. Art. a kasa sifili (da ke ƙasa). Bambanci tsakanin hawan jini na systolic da diastolic ana kiransa bugun bugun jini kuma yawanci shine 35-55 mm Hg. Art.

Hanyar aunawa gyara |

Manya da ƙananan matsin lamba

Abin da wannan ma'anar ke nufi ba kowa bane ke fahimta. Ainihin, mutane sun san cewa yawanci matsin lamba ya kamata ya zama 120 zuwa 80. Ga mutane da yawa, wannan ya isa. Kuma kawai marasa lafiya tare da hauhawar jini ko hypotension sun saba da ra'ayoyin systolic da matsa lamba na diastolic. Menene wannan?

1. Systolic, ko matsi na sama yana nufin matsakaicin karfi wanda jini ke motsawa ta cikin tasoshin. An ƙaddara shi a lokacin ƙuntatawa na zuciya.

2. --arancin - matsin lamba, yana nuna matakin juriya da jini yake haɗuwa lokacin wucewa ta jiragen. Tana yin motsawa kai tsaye yanzu a wannan lokacin, don haka aikinsa yana ƙasa da na farko.

An auna matsin lamba a cikin millimeters na Mercury. Kuma kodayake ana amfani da wasu kayan aikin don gano asali, an kiyaye wannan sunan. Kuma alamun 120 zuwa 80 sune matsa lamba na sama da na baya. Menene ma'anar hakan? 120 shine matsa lamba na sama ko na systolic, kuma 80 shine ƙananan. Ta yaya za'a iya warware waɗannan manufofin?

Darajar hawan jini

Bayan 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, matsalolin matsin lamba an same su musamman ga tsofaffi. Amma shekarun ci gaba sun kawo canje-canje sosai ga yanayin rayuwarmu a yau, kuma a yau kusan matasa suna fuskantar matsin lamba. Duk wannan ya cutar da lafiyar mutum sosai, kuma lalacewar yanayin yana sa ya nemi taimako daga wurin likita.

Duk da cewa shekarun fasahar zamani sun samarda bayanai ga talakawa game da yadda ake aiwatar da mahimman matakai a jikin mutum, yana da wahala mutum talaka ya fahimci tsarin hadaddun su ba tare da masaniya ta musamman ba.Sabili da haka, yawancin mutane basu cika tantance ƙayyadaddun alamu daidai da matsin lamba na gudanawar jini a cikin tasoshin ba, wanda aka bayyana a matsayin ƙaramin juzu'i mai sauƙi.

Matsalar Systolic

Wannan shine karfin zuciyar da take zubarda jini. Wannan ƙimar ya dogara da adadin yawan rikicewar zuciya da ƙarfin su. Ana amfani da mai nuna alamar matsin lamba don tantance yanayin ƙashin zuciya da manyan jijiyoyin jini, irin su aorta. Darajarta ta dogara da dalilai da yawa:

- girma na hagu ventricle na zuciya,

- jini ejection rate,

- yawan zuciya

- yanayi na tasoshin jijiyoyin jini da aorta.

Saboda haka, wani lokacin ana kiran babban matsa lamba "cardiac" kuma ana hukunci da waɗannan lambobin akan daidai aikin wannan jikin. Amma likita dole ne ya yanke shawara game da yanayin jikin, la'akari da abubuwan da yawa. Bayan duk wannan, matsin lamba na sama ya bambanta ga duka mutane. Za'a iya la'akari da al'ada a matsayin alamun 90 mm har ma da 140, idan mutum ya ji yana da kyau.

Diastolic matsa lamba

A lokacin shakatawa na tsoka na zuciya, jini yana matse jikin bangon jiragen ruwa da forcearfin ƙarfi. Wadannan alamomin ana kiransu ƙarancin matsin lamba ko matsin lamba. An ƙaddara su da irin tasoshin kuma ana auna su a lokacin mafi girman natsuwa na zuciya. Thearfin abin da katangarsu ke tsayayya da kwararar jini shine ƙananan matsin lamba. Theaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar jiragen ruwa da iyawarsu, mafi girma shi ne. Yawancin lokaci wannan shine saboda yanayin kodan. Suna samar da enzyme na musamman, renin, wanda ke shafar sautin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini. Saboda haka, matsa lamba na diastolic wani lokaci ana kiran shi "renal". Increasearuwar matakin nata na iya nuna wata cutar ta hanta ko glandar thyroid.

Abin da yakamata ya zama alamu na matsin lamba

Ya daɗe da al'adar ɗaukar ma'auni a kan jijiyoyin baka. Ta fi kowa araha, bugu da kari, matsayinta ya ba mu damar daukar sakamako a matsayin matsakaici. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da maski a cikin abin da ake ɗora iska. Matsa matattarar jijiyoyin, na'urar tana ba ka damar jin ɗinka a cikinsu. Mutumin da yake daukar ma'aunai game da wane bangare ne aka fara bugun - wannan ne matsin lamba na sama, kuma inda ya ƙare - ƙananan. Yanzu akwai masu kula da karfin jini na lantarki waɗanda masu haƙuri da kansa zasu iya sarrafa yanayinsa. Ana ganin matsin lamba na 120 zuwa 80 kamar al'ada ne, amma waɗannan sune ƙimar matsakaici.

Wani wanda ke da darajar 110 ko ma 100 a 60-70 zai ji daɗi. Kuma tare da shekaru, alamu na 130-140 zuwa 90-100 ana ɗaukarsu al'ada ne. Don tantance abin da dabi'u masu haƙuri suka fara jin kamar lalacewa, ana buƙatar tebur matsa lamba. Sakamakon ma'auni na yau da kullun an rubuta shi a ciki kuma yana taimakawa wajen ƙayyade abubuwan da ke haifar da iyakokin canji. Likitoci sun ba da shawarar cewa ko da lafiyayyen mutum ya yi irin wannan binciken don sanin abin da matsin lamba ke yi masa.

Hawan jini - menene

Kwanan nan, mutane da yawa suna fuskantar wannan cutar. Haɓakar hauhawar jini shine yawan ƙaruwa a cikin matsin lamba. Ga waɗansu, haɓaka adadin raka'a 10 ana halin da lalacewar jin daɗin rayuwa. Tare da shekaru, irin waɗannan yanayin sauƙin ana gani kaɗan. Amma yanayin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, kuma, gwargwadon haka, girman hauhawar jini na sama wanda ke kayyade haɓakar hauhawar jijiya, wanda aka fi sani da hauhawar jini. Likita yayi irin wannan binciken idan alamu sukan karu da 20-30 mm ba tare da wani takamaiman dalili ba. Dangane da ka'idojin WHO, ci gaban hauhawar jini ana nuna shi ta hanyar matsin lamba sama da 140 a 100. Amma ga waɗansu, waɗannan dabi'u na iya ƙasa da girma. Kuma teburin matsin lamba zai taimaka masa gano yanayin.

A matakin farko na hauhawar jini, yana yiwuwa a daidaita yanayin ta hanyar canza salon rayuwa da kuma kawar da munanan halaye. Saboda haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a kula da matsi a kai a kai don neman taimako cikin lokaci. Bayan haka, ƙaruwarsa zuwa 180 mm na iya haifar da bugun zuciya ko bugun jini.

Siffofin hypotension

Ba a la'akari da ƙarancin jini a matsayin mai haɗari kamar hawan jini. Amma yana takura yanayin rayuwa. Bayan haka, raguwar matsin lamba yana haifar da ƙarancin oxygen da raguwa a cikin ƙarfin aiki. Mai haƙuri yana jin rauni, kullun gajiya da rashin barci. Shugabansa yana zubewa da yaji, yana iya yin duhu a idanunsa. Rage matsin lamba zuwa 50 mm na iya haifar da mutuwa. Yawanci, jinkirin hypotension yana faruwa a cikin samari kuma ya ɓace tare da shekaru. Amma har yanzu kuna buƙatar sarrafa matsin. Bayan haka, duk wani canji a cikin alamomin sa yana nuna kasawa a aikin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.

Differencearancin bambanci tsakanin matsa lamba na babba da ƙananan

Kowane mutum ɗaya ne. Kuma karatun matsin lamba na iya zama mara daidaituwa. Amma an yi imani cewa bambanci tsakanin babba da ƙananan ya kamata ya zama raka'a 30-40. Hakanan likitocin sun kula da wannan mai nuna alama, saboda yana iya nuna ci gaban wasu cututtuka. Hakanan ana wasu lokuta ana kiransa matsewar bugun zuciya. A cikin kanta, ƙimar ta ba ta nufin komai, babban abin shine kyautatawa na haƙuri. Amma ƙaramin bambanci tsakanin babba da ƙananan na iya zama saboda lalacewar aikin haɓaka ne ko kuma rashin iya magana da jijiyoyin jini.

Abinda alamu masu matsin lamba suka dogara da shi

Abubuwan da abubuwa da yawa da jini ke motsawa ta cikin tasoshin da bugun jini a jikin bango ya dogara da abubuwa da yawa:

- gado da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta,

- yanayin tunanin mutum,

- kasancewar munanan halaye,

- tamanin aikin jiki.

Wadannan dabi'u suna da dogaro da shekaru. Bai kamata ku fitar da yara da matasa zuwa ga tsarin na 120 zuwa 80 ba, saboda su wadannan adadi za a zage su. Tabbas, mafi yawan lokuta matsin lamba yakan tashi tare da tsufa. Kuma ga tsofaffi, tuni alamu na 140 by 90 zai zama na halitta. Kwararren likita na iya gano matsa lamba na yau da kullun, yana tantance dalilin cutar. Kuma yakan faru yakan faru ne bayan shekaru 40 suka wuce da kansa ko, kuma, musayar hawan jini yana tasowa.

Me yasa zan buƙaci matsin lamba

Mutane da yawa suna sauƙaƙa ciwon kai tare da kwayoyin magani, ba tare da zuwa likita don gano dalilin ba. Amma haɓakawa cikin matsin lamba har ma da raka'a 10 ba kawai yana haifar da tabarbarewa cikin zaman lafiya ba, har ila yau, yana iya cutar lafiyar lafiyar:

- hadarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya yana kara yawa,

- hadarin mahalli da bugun jini na iya haɓaka

- jihar tasoshin kafafu sun fi ƙaruwa,

- gazawar koda koda yaushe.

- ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa ta lalace, magana ba ta da matsala - waɗannan suma sakamakon cutar hawan jini.

Sabili da haka, kulawa koyaushe wajibi ne, musamman lokacin da rauni, danshi da ciwon kai. Zai yi wuya a faɗi daidai irin matsin lambar ko wannan mutumin ya kamata ya samu. Bayan haka, dukkanin mutane sun bambanta, kuma kuna buƙatar mayar da hankali kan zaman lafiya. Bugu da ƙari, har ma a cikin mutum mai lafiya, matsin lamba yayin rana zai iya canzawa.

Abin da ya kamata ya fahimta ta hanyar karfin jini

Don cikakken rayuwa, jikin mu yana buƙatar karɓar abubuwan gina jiki. Wannan aikin yana gudana ta hanyar sadarwa mai ɗorewa na jini:

• arteries - isar da ƙwayar oxygen mai yawa ga zuciya,
• capillaries saturate tare da ƙwayar jini koda a cikin sasanninta mafi kusa na jiki,
• jigilar jijiyoyin jiki sun riga sun kashe ruwa mai juyawa a gaban shugabanci, wato, zuwa zuciya.

A cikin wannan tsari mai rikitarwa, zuciya tana aiwatar da aikin famfo na dabi'a, yana yin matse jini ta dukkan jijiyoyin jikin mutum. Sakamakon ayyukan ventricles, an fitar dashi cikin jijiyoyin kuma yana motsa gaba da su. Aikin tsoka ne wanda yake haifarda hawan jini a cikin dukkan tsarin jijiyoyin jini. Amma wannan ƙarfin yana aiki daban-daban a yankuna daban-daban: inda ruwa ya shiga cikin jijiya, ya fi yadda yake cikin jijiyoyin da hanyar sadarwa.

Don samun daidaitaccen mai nunawa, ana bada shawara don auna matsin lamba a hannun hagu a yayin aikin jiyya. Wannan hanyar tana ba ku damar samun ƙarin ingantaccen bayanai wanda ke nuna yanayin mutum. Ba shi da wahala a dauki wannan nau'in ma'auni a gida, tunda a yau tonometer kusan sifa ce na kowane kayan agaji. Amfani da wannan na'urar a cikin 'yan mintoci kaɗan zaka iya samun sakamako na ma'auni. A cikin aikin likita, al'ada ce a yi amfani da milimita na Mercury don nuna hawan jini.

Kyakkyawan sani! Tunda ana auna matsin yanayi a al'adance a raka'a guda, to, a zahiri, yayin aikin ana tantance nawa karfin karfin jinin mutum ya fi karfin karfi na waje.

Nau'in Rashin jini

An riga an lura cewa a cikin magani al'ada ce a tsara alamomin hawan jini a cikin guntun wakilcin lambobi biyu.

Don kimanta kimar tasirin aiwatar da zagayarwar jini a jikin mutum, ya zama dole a yi amfani da dabi'u duka biyu, tunda kowane lamba yana ba da madaidaicin sigogi wanda ke nuna ayyukan zuciya a wani matakin.

1. Systolic matsa lamba (matsakaici) shine adadi na sama, wanda zai baka damar yanke hukunci game da yawan motsi na zuciya a lokacin gudanawar jini yana gudana a cikin matatun jini. Wannan alamar tana da kusanci sosai da yawan abubuwan da ke fitarwa zuwa cikin jini, kazalika da karfin kwararar jini. Yawan haɓakarsa yawanci yana tare da: ciwon kai, saurin bugun zuciya, jin tashin zuciya.
2. Valuearamar ƙima (mafi ƙaranci), ko diastolic, yana ba da ra'ayi na yanayin arteries a cikin tazara tsakanin ɓarkewar mayocardial.

Yin amfani da waɗannan tsinkaye na asali, likitoci sun ƙayyade matakin aikin zuciya, kazalika da ƙarfin abin da jini yake aiki akan tsarin jijiyoyin jini. Alityarfin waɗannan bayanan ya ba mu damar gano halayen ɓacin rai a cikin aikin jijiyoyin zuciya, kazalika da tsara isasshen magani ga marasa lafiya.

Mahimmanci! Dukda cewa an yarda dashi gabaɗaya cewa ƙimar haɓakar jini, daidai take da 120 ta 80, yayi kyau sosai don aikin zuciya na yau da kullun, wannan siga, koda a cikin wani mutum ne, na iya bambanta. Saboda haka, wannan ƙimar ba za a yi la'akari da ita a kullun ba, tunda ga mutane daban-daban, saboda halayen mutum, alamomin al'ada na iya bambanta.

Rashin jini na yau da kullun

Yayin rana, cikin mutum cikakkiyar lafiya, ƙimar haɓakar jini na iya canzawa, shine, raguwa ko ƙaruwa. Kuma wannan abu ne na al'ada. Misali, babban aiki na jiki yana kara hauhawar jini, wanda yake haifar da hauhawar jini. Kuma a cikin matsanancin zafi, akasin haka, matsin lamba yana raguwa saboda yawan haɗarin oxygen a cikin yanayi yana raguwa. Rashin babban bangaren abinci mai gina jiki yana sa jiki ya dace da yanayin muhalli: ƙarar tasoshin jini ya zama ƙarami, wanda ke taimakawa ƙara haɓakar carbon dioxide a jiki.

Tare da shekaru, matsin mutum ya canza zuwa sama. A babban adadin cututtuka da yawa suna ba da gudummawa ga wannan tsari, kuma musamman hauhawar jini. Abubuwan da suka shafi halaye kamar kwayoyin halitta da jinsi suma suna yin tasiri. Matsakaicin iyakokin matsin lamba na jini, la'akari da jinsi da shekaru, an nuna su a cikin tebur:

Hakanan ana amfani da sigogin BP da aka bayar a cikin wani tebur ma al'ada, waɗanda suke da ƙananan karkatarwa zuwa sama ko ƙasa:

Yin nazarin bayanan da aka gabatar a cikin allunan guda biyu, zamu iya yanke hukuncin cewa ire-iren wadannan abubuwan nuna alamun a duk rana gaba daya basu da lafiya ga lafiyar:

• idan ƙananan manunin ya tashi daga: 60 zuwa 90 (mm / Hg)
• darajar ta sama ta bambanta daga 90 zuwa 140 (mm / Hg)

A zahiri, manufar matakin jini na yau da kullun ba shi da tsayayyen tsari kuma galibi ya dogara da dalilai na waje, gami da halayen mutum na musamman. Wato, ga kowane mutum akwai, wanda zai iya cewa, "na mutum" alamomin hawan jini, wanda ke ba shi cikakken kwanciyar hankali. Irin waɗannan sigogi ana kiransu “aiki” matsa lamba. Kodayake yawanci yanayin mutum ya bambanta da ƙimar da aka yarda da shi gaba ɗaya, wannan shine farkon farawa don bincike da ganewar haƙuri.

Yin haƙuri

Duk da mahimmancin darajar matsa lamba na jini da za'a iya la'akari da su al'ada, ƙimar yarda har yanzu tana wanzuwa. Tare da shekaru, tasoshin jikin mutum suna yin canje-canje, wanda ke shafar koyansu da fitarwa. Sabili da haka, a cikin manya, sigogi na "matsin lamba" yana canzawa tsawon shekaru tare da karuwa. Misali, a cikin maza bayan shekara hamsin, BP 135/90 ana daukar shi al'ada ne, kuma a cikin mutane waɗanda suka fi shekaru saba'in da haihuwa, wannan alamar ta zama daidai da 140/90 (mmHg).

Amma idan dabi'u sun kasance sama da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙaddara, akwai babban dalili don ziyarar likita na gida. Bambanci a cikin karfin jini, kazalika da haɓaka haɓaka ƙananan ko babba, yakamata a matsayin alama mai faɗakarwa ta jiki wacce ke amsa canje-canje na jijiyoyin jini.

Rage matsin lamba

Hypotension ana lura da shi sau da yawa sau da yawa fiye da ƙaruwa a matsin lamba. Haka kuma, irin wannan sabon abu ba za'a iya la'akari dashi azaman cuta mai zaman kanta ba, tunda a mafi yawan lokuta shine abubuwanda ake ɗauka na wasu hanyoyin. Gaskiya ne, a cikin wasu mutane, halayen mutum ana bayyana shi ta hali don runtsewar hawan jini. Amma koda tare da irin wannan banbancin, alamar systolic matsa lamba kada ya faɗi ƙasa da 100, kuma adadi na biyu ya zama ƙasa da 65 mm Hg. Art.

Rashin ƙarfi da ƙaranci mara kyau yana cutar da lafiyar mutum kuma yana tare da waɗannan alamun:

• bari
• nutsuwa
• hypoxia (karancin iskar oxygen),
• rage aiki
• karancin ikon ɗan adam don mai da hankali,
• keta tsarin musayar gas a cikin huhu, kazalika a cikin yankin.

Idan wani mutum, lokacin da auna karfin jini bai dace da sigogi na al'ada ba, yana da darajar babba ko ƙananan, ya kamata ka nemi likita nan da nan. Idan aka dauki matakan da suka dace da wannan yanayin, to ƙarin raguwar hawan jini na iya haifar da wannan mummunan sakamako kamar:

Batu mai mahimmanci! A halin yanzu, magani bashi da isasshen ingantattun hanyoyin magance hypotension, zai iya kawar da alamun wannan lamari ne kawai.

Yadda ake kula da matsin lamba

Kowane mutumin da ke kula da lafiyarsu yana da ikon sarrafa yanayin zubar jini. Haka kuma, a yau zaku iya siyar da tanometer gaba daya kyauta a cikin kantin magani ko kantin kayan aikin likita. Idan mutum yana da tunani game da yadda tafiyar jini ke gudana a cikin jikin mutum da kuma menene hanyoyin ke haifar da matsin lamba a cikin jiragen, a gare shi zai gano sakamakon auna zai zama mai sauki. In ba haka ba, zaku iya tuntuɓarku da masu kula da lafiya don neman taimako.

Kowane ɗan ƙasa yakamata ya san cewa damuwa, duk wata damuwa da tausayawar jiki yana ƙarfafa haɓaka hawan jini. Ana ɗaukar irin waɗannan canji a matsayin al'ada idan an sake dawo da alamomin hawan jini a cikin awa daya. Idan ana lura da ɓacewa koyaushe, wannan yanayin yana nuna kasancewar manyan matsaloli.

Mahimmanci! Ba za ku iya ɗaukar magunguna akan kanku don rage ko ƙara matsa lamba ba. Irin wannan himma ba tare da yardar likita ba na iya haifar da sakamakon da ba a zata ba. Ka tuna cewa ƙwararrun kwararru ne kawai ke da ikon zaɓar ingantaccen tsarin kulawa na musamman don haƙuri.

Hanyoyi masu sauki don kiyaye zuciya da jijiyoyin jini

Don kuma kula da lafiyar zuciya da jijiyoyin jini tsawon shekaru, sabili da haka, matsin lamba na yau da kullun, kuna buƙatar bin dokokin farko:

1. Jagoranci rayuwa mai aiki.
2. Kula da nauyi kada ku wuce.
3. Iyakance cin gishiri
4. Ware abinci mai girma a cikin carbohydrates da cholesterol daga abincin.
5. Dakatar da shan giya da shan sigari.
6. Kada ku cutar da kofi mai ƙarfi da shayi, amma ya fi kyau maye gurbin waɗannan abubuwan sha tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace da abubuwan ɗamara mai lafiya.
7. Kada ku manta game da fa'idodin motsa jiki na safe da tafiya ta yau da kullun a cikin iska mai laushi.

Taqaita, zamu iya amincewa da cewa hanyar tantance karfin jini a wurin wajan bayar da magani na yau da kullun bawai kawai tsari ne na yau da kullun ba, amma ingantaccen kayan aikin bincike ne wanda zai iya gargadin matsaloli cikin gaggawa.

Kulawa na yau da kullun na alamu na matsa lamba yana ba ka damar gano hauhawar jini, lalatawar yara, da kuma sauran wasu cututtukan a farkon matakan. Kuma ga mutanen da ke fama da waɗannan cututtukan, saka idanu na yau da kullun na alamu na hawan jini zai taimaka wajen kawar da mummunan rikice-rikice tare da hana mutuwa mutuwa.