Rage magungunan cholesterol na jini: bita na wakilai

An wajabta maganin shaye-shaye don rikicewar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta lipid don rashin ingancin abincin rage rage kiba, aiki na zahiri da asarar nauyi na watanni 6. A matakin jimlar cholesterol a cikin jini sama da 6.5 mmol / l, ana iya tsara magunguna a farkon wannan lokacin.

Don gyara metabolism na lipid, an wajabta magungunan anti-atherogenic (lipid-lowering). Dalilin yin amfani da su shine rage matakin "mummunan" cholesterol (jimlar cholesterol, triglycerides, low lipoproteins (VLDL) da ƙarancin yawa (LDL)), wanda ke rage jinkirin ciwan jijiyoyin jini da rage haɗarin bayyanar cututtuka na asibiti: angina pectoris, bugun zuciya, bugun jini da sauransu cututtuka.

Rarrabawa

1. Canjin musayar anion da kwayoyi waɗanda ke rage sha (sha) na cholesterol a cikin hanji.
2. Acid na Nicotinic
3. Probukol.
4. Fibrates.
5. Statins (3-hydroxymethyl-glutaryl-coenzyme-A-reductase inhibitors).

Dogaro da tsarin aikin, ana iya rarrabu magunguna zuwa ƙananan ƙwayoyin jini zuwa ƙungiyoyi da yawa.

Magunguna waɗanda ke hana aikin lipoproteins na atherogenic ("mummunan ƙwayar cholesterol"):

• gumaka
• fibrates
• nicotinic acid
• probucol
• benzaflavin.

Yana nufin rage gudu daga ƙwayar cholesterol daga abinci a cikin hanjin:

• jerin bile acid,
• guarem.

Masu samarda abubuwan motsa jiki wadanda ke inganta karfin “cholesterol”:

Masu neman bile acid

Magungunan Bile acid (cholestyramine, colestipol) sune resin musayar anion. Sau ɗaya a cikin hanji, suna "kama" acid bile kuma cire su daga jiki. Jiki yana fara rasa acid bile, waɗanda suke wajibi don aiki na al'ada. Sabili da haka, a cikin hanta, an fara aiwatar da hada su daga cholesterol. Ana ɗaukar cholesterol daga jini, a sakamakon haka, maida hankali a wurin ya ragu.

Akwai cholestyramine da colestipol a cikin nau'ikan foda. Ya kamata a rarraba kashi na yau da kullun zuwa allurai 2 zuwa 4, cinyewa ta hanyar dilging miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin ruwa (ruwa, ruwan 'ya'yan itace).

Ragowar musayar anion ba su cikin jini, suna aiki ne kawai a cikin lumen na hanji. Saboda haka, suna da aminci kuma basu da mummunar illa. Yawancin masana sunyi imani da cewa ya zama dole don fara magani na hyperlipidemia tare da waɗannan kwayoyi.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako sun haɗa da zubar ciki, tashin zuciya da maƙarƙashiya, ƙasa marassa kan gado. Don hana irin waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka, ya zama dole don ƙara yawan ƙwayar ruwa da fiber mai cin abinci (fiber, bran).
Tare da tsawaita amfani da waɗannan magunguna a cikin allurai masu ƙarfi, ana iya samun cin zarafin sha a cikin hanjin folic acid da wasu bitamin, galibi mai-mai narkewa.

Magunguna waɗanda ke lalata ƙwayar cholesterol na hanji

Ta hanyar rage yawan shan sinadarin cholesterol daga abinci a cikin hanjin, wadannan kwayoyi suna rage maida hankali a cikin jini.
Mafi ingancin wannan rukunin kudaden shine guar. Wannan kari ne na ganyayyaki wanda aka samo daga zuriyayen wake na hyacinth. Ya ƙunshi polysaccharide mai ruwa-ruwa, wanda ke samar da jelly yayin hulɗa da ruwa a cikin lumen hanji.

Guarem da kankare ya cire kwayar cholesterol daga bangon hanji. Yana haɓaka kawar da acid bile, wanda ke haifar da karɓar cholesterol daga jini zuwa cikin hanta saboda haɗinsu. Magungunan yana hana abinci ci da rage yawan abincin da ake ci, wanda hakan ke haifar da asarar nauyi da kuma yawan kiba a cikin jini.
Ana samar da guarem a cikin kayan ado, wanda yakamata a ƙara shi cikin ruwa (ruwa, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, madara). Shan miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kamata a haɗe shi da sauran magungunan antiatherosclerotic.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako sun haɗa da bloating, tashin zuciya, jin zafi a cikin hanji, da kuma wasu lokatai sako-sako. Koyaya, ana ɗan bayyana su, da wuya ake faruwa, tare da ci gaba da aikin likita ba tare da izini ba.

Acid na Nicotinic

Acidicic acid da abubuwansa (enduracin, niceritrol, acipimox) shine sinadarin bitamin na rukunin B. Yana rage taro da "mummunan cholesterol" a cikin jini. Nikotinic acid yana kunna tsarin fibrinolysis, yana rage karfin jini don samar da ƙwanƙwasa jini. Wannan magani yana da inganci fiye da sauran magunguna masu rage ƙwayar ƙwayar lipid wanda ke ƙara haɗuwa da "cholesterol mai kyau" a cikin jini.

Ana gudanar da aikin maganin Nicotinic acid na dogon lokaci, tare da karuwa a hankali a kashi. Kafin kuma bayan shan shi, ba a bada shawara a sha giya mai zafi, musamman kofi.

Wannan magani na iya haushi da ciki, saboda haka ba a sanya shi don maganin cututtukan ciki da cututtukan peptic. A cikin marasa lafiya da yawa, jan fuska ya bayyana a farkon jiyya. A hankali, wannan tasiri ya ɓace. Don hana shi, an ba da shawarar a ɗauki 325 mg na asfirin minti 30 kafin ɗaukar maganin. 20% na marasa lafiya suna da fatar fata.

Jiyya tare da shirye-shiryen nicotinic acid an contraindicated ga peptic miki da duodenal miki, hepatitis na kullum, tsananin bugun zuciya damuwa, gout.

Enduracin magani ne nicotinic acid. Ya fi dacewa da haƙuri, yana haifar da mafi ƙarancin sakamako. Ana iya bi da su na dogon lokaci.

Magungunan suna da kyau rage matakan “kyau” da kuma “mummunan” cholesterol. Magungunan ba ya shafar matakin triglycerides.

Magungunan yana cire LDL daga jini, yana haɓaka fitowar cholesterol tare da bile. Yana hana liroxidation na lipid, yana nuna sakamako na antiatherosclerotic.

Tasirin maganin yana bayyana watanni biyu bayan fara magani kuma ya kasance har zuwa watanni shida bayan an dakatar dashi. Ana iya haɗe shi tare da kowane sauran hanyoyin da ke rage ƙwayar cholesterol.

A ƙarƙashin tasirin miyagun ƙwayoyi, tsawaita tazara ta Q-T akan ƙwayar lantarki da haɓaka mummunan yanayin ventricular arrhythmias yana yiwuwa. A lokacin gudanarwarsa, ya zama dole a maimaita tsarin wutan lantarki a kalla sau daya a kowane watanni 3 zuwa 6. Ba za ku iya sanya probucol lokaci guda tare da cordarone ba. Sauran illolin da ba a ke so sun hada da nazuciya da na ciki, tashin zuciya, da wasu lokutan kwance kwance.

Probucol yana cikin kwanciyar hankali a cikin ventricular arrhythmias wanda ke da alaƙa da tazara ta Q-T, lokuttan maimaitawa na ischemia myocardial, kuma tare da matakin ƙara girman matakin farko na HDL.

Fibrates yadda yakamata su rage matakin triglycerides a cikin jini, zuwa kasalar da yawaitar yawan abubuwan LDL cholesterol da VLDL. Ana amfani dasu a cikin lokuta na babban hypertriglyceridemia. Kayan aikin da aka saba amfani dasu sune:

• gemfibrozil (m, gevilon),
• fenofibrate (lipantil 200 M, treicor, tsohuwar lipip),
• cyprofibrate (lipanor),
• choline fenofibrate (trilipix).

Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako sun haɗa da lalacewar tsoka (zafi, rauni), tashin zuciya da raunin ciki, rashin aikin hanta mai rauni. Fibrates na iya haɓaka samuwar calculi (duwatsu) a ciki mafitsara. A cikin lokuta masu wuya, a ƙarƙashin rinjayar waɗannan wakilai, hanawar hematopoiesis yana faruwa tare da haɓakar leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia.

Fibrates ba a wajabta su ba don cututtukan hanta da ƙwayar hanta, hematopoiesis.

Statins su ne mafi inganci magungunan rage kiba. Sun toshe enzyme da ke da alhakin sinadarin cholesterol a cikin hanta, yayin da abun cikin shi ke raguwa. A lokaci guda, adadin masu karɓar LDL yana ƙaruwa, wanda ke haifar da haɓakar haɓakar "mummunan cholesterol" daga jini.
Magungunan da akafi amfani dasu sune:

• simvastatin (vasilip, zokor, aries, simvageksal, simvakard, simvakol, simvastin, simvastol, simvo, simlo, sincard, holvasim),
• lovastatin (cardiostatin, choletar),
• pravastatin
• atorvastatin (anvistat, atocor, atomax, ator, atorvox, atoris, vazator, lipoford, lypimar, liptonorm, novostat, torvazin, torvakard, tulip),
• rosuvastatin (akorta, giciye, mertenil, rosart, rosistark, rosucard, rosulip, roxera, rustor, tevastor),
• pitavastatin (livazo),
• fluvastatin (leskol).

Lovastatin da simvastatin an yi su ne daga fungi. Waɗannan sune “prodrugs” waɗanda a cikin hanta suka juya zuwa matakan metabolites masu aiki. Pravastatin asalinsa ne na metabolites na fungal, amma ba a metabolized a cikin hanta ba, amma ya riga ya zama abu mai aiki. Fluvastatin da atorvastatin sune kwayoyi masu haɓaka.

Ana wajabta statins sau daya a rana da maraice, tunda ganuwar cholesterol a jiki yana faruwa da dare. A hankali, maganin su na iya ƙaruwa. Sakamakon ya faru riga a cikin kwanakin farko na gudanarwa, ya kai mafi girma a cikin wata daya.

Statins suna da cikakken hadari. Koyaya, lokacin amfani da manyan allurai, musamman a hade tare da fibrates, aikin hanta mai rauni yana yiwuwa. Wasu marasa lafiya suna jin zafin ƙwayar tsoka da rauni. Wani lokacin akwai ciwon ciki, tashin zuciya, maƙarƙashiya, rashin ci. A wasu halaye, rashin bacci da ciwon kai wataƙila.

Statins ba su shafi aikin purine da carbohydrate metabolism. Ana iya tsara su don gout, ciwon sukari, kiba.

Statins wani bangare ne na ka'idoji don lura da atherosclerosis. An tsara su azaman maganin monotherapy ko a hade tare da sauran jami'in antiatherosclerotic. Akwai haɗuwa da aka yi da lovastatin da nicotinic acid, simvastatin da ezetimibe (ingi), pravastatin da fenofibrate, rosuvastatin da ezetimibe.
Ana haɗuwa da haɗuwa da statins da acetylsalicylic acid, da atorvastatin da amlodipine (duplexor, caduet). Amfani da haɗakar riga da aka shirya yana ƙaruwa da haƙuri ga haƙuri (yarda), yana da fa'ida ga tattalin arziƙi, kuma yana haifar da raguwar sakamako.

Sauran magunguna masu rage kiba

Benzaflavin yana cikin rukunin bitamin B2. Yana inganta metabolism a cikin hanta, yana haifar da raguwa a cikin matakan jini na glucose, triglycerides, cikakken cholesterol. An yarda da maganin sosai, an tsara shi a cikin darussan dogon.

Mahimmanci ya ƙunshi mahimmancin phospholipids, bitamin B, bitamin nicotinamide, acid mai narkewa, sodium pantothenate. Magungunan yana inganta fashewa da kawar da "mummunan" cholesterol, yana kunna kyawawan kaddarorin "cholesterol" mai kyau.

Lipostable yana gab da kasancewa da aiki don Muhimmiyar.

Omega-3 triglycerides (omacor) an wajabta su don magance cututtukan cututtukan jini (ban da nau'in hyperchilomicronemia na 1), kazalika don rigakafin yaduwar cutar sankara.

Ezetimibe (ezetrol) yana jinkirta shan ƙwayar cholesterol a cikin hanji, yana rage yawan ci a cikin hanta. Yana rage abun cikin "mara kyau" cholesterol a cikin jini. Magungunan sun fi tasiri a hade tare da statins.

Bidiyo akan taken "Cholesterol da statins: Shin ya cancanci shan maganin?"