Alamar kamuwa da cutar sankarau a cikin yara

Akwai ra'ayi cewa ciwon sukari cuta ne na tsofaffi waɗanda suke da kiba sosai da kasawa daga tsarin endocrine. Koyaya, yara zasu iya fama da wannan cutar, wanda a mafi yawan lokuta akan ba su ta gado. Pathology kusan babu sauran hanyar da alamomin.

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana gano yara da nau'in 1 mellitus na sukari, wanda ke dogara da insulin. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, lokuta sun zama mafi yawan lokuta lokacin da, bayan shekaru 7, an sami nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 wanda ba shi da insulin a cikin yara.

Alamomin kamuwa da cutar siga a cikin yara sun yi kama da alamun cutar a lokacin balaga. A cikin kula da ciwon sukari na yara, ƙarancin ilimin haɓaka na jiki wanda aka yi la’akari da shi.

Yara da ciwon sukari

Wannan ilimin halayyar cuta mai hadari cuta ne na tsarin endocrine na dabi'a. Cutar ta bayyana ne sakamakon karancin insulin, wanda kumburin ciki ke haifarwa. Yin amfani da insulin, glucose yana shiga sel.

A cikin samuwar ciwon sukari, glucose ba zai iya shiga sel cikin kansa ba. Ya kasance cikin jini, wanda hakan ke cutar da jiki. Lokacin da glucose ya shiga jiki tare da abinci, sai ya zama mai tsarkakakken makamashi a cikin tantanin halitta, wanda ke bawa dukkan tsarin da gabobin suyi aiki na yau da kullun. A cikin sel, glucose na iya samun kawai tare da taimakon insulin.

Idan akwai karancin insulin a jiki, to kuwa sukari ya kasance cikin jini, sai ya fara kauri. Saboda wannan, jini ba zai iya tura abinci da oxygen da sauri cikin sel ba. Ganuwar jijiyoyin jini suna da yawa ainun don abubuwan gina jiki, suna rasa yiwuwar su. Wannan halin kai tsaye yana barazanar membranes na jijiya.

Sakamakon ciwon sukari, yaro yana fama da rikice-rikice na rayuwa:

• mai,
• carbohydrate
• furotin
• ma'adinai
• ruwa da gishiri.

Don haka, matsaloli daban-daban na cutar sun tashi waɗanda ke barazanar rayuwa.

An san nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan guda biyu waɗanda ke da mahimman bambance-bambance dangane da etiology, pathogenesis, bayyanar asibiti da magani.

Nau'in nau'in ciwon suga an yanke shi ta hanyar rashin insulin. Cutar ba ta motsa shi ba da ƙwayar cuta. Wannan jikin ba ya jimre da ayyukansa. Yawan adadin insulin da aka kera shi ba a sarrafa shi kuma matakin glucose a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa. Tare da wannan nau'in ciwon sukari, ana buƙatar maganin insulin koyaushe. Jiyya ta ƙunshi injections na yau da kullun na insulin, wanda aka gudanar dashi gwargwado.

A cikin ciwon sukari na nau'in na biyu, insulin a cikin jiki ya isa, wani lokacin kuma sama da yadda ake buƙata. Amma kusan ba shi da amfani, saboda kyallen takamammen jiki a wasu dalilai ya rasa hankalin sa. A takaice dai, babu fitowar insulin.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon sukari an bayyana su a:

1. cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini,
2. neuropathy - take hakkin tsarin juyayi,
3. nephropathy - malfunctioning da kodan,
4. yanayin rashin fata
5. osteoporosis.

Abubuwan rikice-rikice da aka jera ba cikakken jerin sakamako ne na mummunan sakamako da cutar sankara ke haifar ba. Yakamata a bi shawarwarin likita saboda babu wasu matakai da ba a iya juyawa cikin jikin yaron.

Hanya mafi kyau don hana rikicewar cututtukan ƙwayar cuta shine kulawa da sukari a cikin jini koyaushe kuma rage yawan cin abinci na carbohydrate.

Yaran da ke dauke da cutar siga suna matukar bukatar kulawa da kulawa sosai a cikin jiki tare da iyayensu.

Alamar kamuwa da cutar sankarau a cikin yara

Kwayar cutar sankarau a cikin yara kusan babu bambanci da alamun cutar a cikin manya. Tare da isasshen magani, yaro zai iya jin zafin ciki, ƙaiƙayi na fata, furunlera, da neurodermatitis.

Wadannan alamun ciwon sukari a cikin yara masu shekaru 10 yawanci sune sakamakon mummunan ciwon sukari da ke dogara da insulin. Wani fasalin halayyar shine cewa maganin yana da rikitarwa sosai, tunda aikin pancreas ya riga ya lalace, kuma glucose a cikin jini yana ƙaruwa sosai.

Yaro tun yana da shekaru goma ya riga ya iya magana game da matsalolin lafiyarsa, alal misali, yin gunaguni da bushewar bakinsa ko mummunan numfashi. Iyaye su kula da bayanin da yaransu suka bayar, gami da halayyar sa. Yara yawanci sukan koka da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa, mantuwa, rashin damuwa da canji a cikin yanayin tunanin mutum.

Kwayar cutar sankarau a cikin yara na girma da sauri. Idan an gano alamun halayyar, yana da mahimmanci ku kai ɗanku zuwa likita. Yin watsi da alamomin bayyanar cututtuka a cikin yawanci ana haifar da mummunan sakamako.

Tsarin alamu na cutar sankarau sun hada da:

• kishirwa ta yau da kullun, wanda ya bayyana saboda yaduwar ruwa daga sel da kyallen takarda, saboda jiki yana jin buƙatar tsarke glucose a cikin jini,
• urination akai-akai - yana fitowa sakamakon yawan ƙishirwa,
• asarar nauyi mai sauri - jiki yana asarar ikon yin amfani da makamashi daga glucose kuma ya sauya zuwa tsoka da tsopose nama,
• gajiya kodayaushe - gabobi da kyallen takarda suna fama da rashin kuzari, aika da wasu sakonni a kwakwalwa,
• rage cin abinci - akwai matsaloli tare da ɗaukar abinci,
• karancin gani - wani babban matakin glucose a cikin jini yana haifar da rashin ruwa, wannan kuma ya shafi ruwan tabarau na ido, hazo a idanu da sauran rikice-rikice sun fara.
• fungal cututtuka
• masu ciwon sukari (ketoacidosis) cuta ce mai wahala wacce ke hade da tashin zuciya, ciwon ciki da gajiya.

A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, a yawancin lokuta, siffofin ketoacidosis masu ciwon sukari, yana da haɗari ga rayuwar yara.

Wannan rikitarwa yana buƙatar kulawa da lafiya na gaggawa.

Matakan bincike don tabbatar da ciwon sukari

Idan iyaye sun lura da alamun halayyar kamuwa da cutar siga a cikin yaro, yana da muhimmanci a bincika kai tsaye. Idan nauyin yaron a lokacin haihuwa ya haɗu daga kilo 4 zuwa 6, wannan yana nuna tsinkayar cutar sankara.

Yana da muhimmanci a lura da yanayin jariri kuma dan wani lokaci kar a yi amfani da zanen jariri don bincika sau da yawa yadda jaririn ke fitar da shi.

Ganowar asali dangane da alamun da ke ciki sun haɗa da gwajin haƙuri na glucose. Ana gudanar da bincike ne akan komai a ciki. Lokaci na biyu ana yin nazarin, lokacin da yaro ya sha g 75 na glucose tare da ruwa.

Bayan hanyoyin bincike, likita yayi nazarin sakamakon binciken. Idan alamu suna cikin kewayon 7.5 - 10.9 mmol / l, to cutar sankara ta zama latti kuma sa ido yana da mahimmanci a cikin kuzari.

Idan adadi ya zarce 11 mmol / l, to tabbas an tabbatar da cutar, kuma yaro yana buƙatar magani, gwargwadon nau'in ciwon sukari.

Siffofin jiyya

Wajibi ne don kula da ciwon sukari a cikin yara a kai a kai, kawai a wannan yanayin zaka iya kiyaye cutar a cikin kulawa kuma kada ku ji tsoron samuwar rikice-rikice. Jiyya ba tare da gazawa ya haɗa da maganin rage cin abinci, kazalika da tsananin kiyaye ka'idodin abinci.

Ci gaba da amfani da shirye-shiryen insulin da yara tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na farko shine babban ɓangaren magani. A matsayinka na mai mulki, likita ya ba da izini naúrar miyagun ƙwayoyi don sukari na g 3-5 na fitsari. Wannan yana daga raka'a 20 zuwa 40 kowace rana. Yayinda cutar ta haɓaka ko yaro ya girma, sashi na iya ƙaruwa ko raguwa. Ana yin insulin sau biyu a rana sau 15 mintuna 15 kafin cin abinci.

Ya kamata a lura cewa likitan ya kamata a tsara adadin insulin din daban daban. Daidaitawa na yawan insulin kuma likita ne yake yin shi. An hana iyaye yin canje-canje ga kowane shawarar likita.

Don warkewa, yana da mahimmanci a kula da yawan sukari a abinci. Yawan carbohydrates a rana kada ya wuce gram 380-400. Idan ya cancanta, an tsara magani, wanda ya ƙunshi magungunan choleretic da hepatotropic.

An zaɓi sunan da kashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi bayan an kammala sakamakon binciken. Iyaye su tuna cewa ciwon sukari na yara ba magana bane. Yana da mahimmanci a ba wa ɗan hankali wasu kuma su bi shawarar likita. A wannan yanayin, za a sarrafa cutar, kuma yaro zai yi rayuwa cikakke.

Tare da ciwon sukari, rage cin abinci yana ba ku damar kulawa da sukari na jini koyaushe. Hakanan likita yana wajabta abincin abincin, amma akwai ƙa'idodin abinci mai gina jiki na wannan cuta.

A cikin abincin yara masu fama da ciwon sukari yana iyakance:

• Kayan abinci
• dankali
• wasu nau'ikan hatsi.

Don ƙirƙirar baranda, yana da kyau a yi amfani da zaɓin niƙa, kamar oatmeal ko buckwheat. An cire sukari daga abincin, ana maye gurbin shi da kayan zaki.

Gundumar Semolina da shinkafa shinkafa ta fi kyau a ci sau da yawa. Yaran da ke da ciwon sukari na iya cin berries, wasu 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari. A wasu halaye, an yarda da abubuwan da ke zuwa:

Bangare daga menu:

Idan yaro na kowane shekara na haihuwa yana da tarihin cutar sankara, yana da mahimmanci a ciyar da shi aƙalla sau shida a rana. Bautawanci koyaushe ya kasance ƙanana Tare da wannan cutar, yana da mahimmanci kada ku ɗanɗani yunwar, saboda wannan yana haɓaka ci gaban rikitarwa.

Ya kamata a aiwatar da matakan kariya ga masu cutar siga a cikin yara tun daga haihuwarta. Musamman, yana da mahimmanci yayin da ɗayan iyayen ke da wannan cutar.

Abubuwan da ke tattare da alamomin ciwon sukari a cikin yara za a rufe su a bidiyo a wannan labarin.

Alamar gargajiya

Arshe na ƙarni da suka wuce, an yi imanin cewa ciwon sukari a cikin yaro ya taso ne kawai da nau'in karancin insulin. Nazarin ƙididdiga na kwanan nan sun nuna cewa kashi 8-40 bisa ɗari na yara sun kamu da cuta ta biyu.

Sanadin cutar ba ta canzawa. A cikin nau'in farko na ciwon sukari, raunin kansa ne na sel wanda ke faruwa tare da raunin insulin. A lamari na biyu, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa don tasirin abubuwan ci gaba na hormone.

Jikin yarinyar ya bambanta da manya. Akwai matakai na haɓaka, haɓaka. Yawan rabewar sel ya yi yawa, jini yana ta motsa sosai. Duk wannan yana canza yanayin ciwon sukari. Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a san yadda cutar take bayyana kanta a kan asalin nau'ikan shekaru daban-daban.

Ana rarrabe alamun gargajiya na cututtukan sukari a cikin yara:

• M ƙishirwa - polydipsia. Yaron yana jin ƙishirwa
• Urination na saurin motsa jiki shine polyuria. Sakamakon ƙarin danshi, ƙwayoyin kitsen sun wuce shi,
• Yunwar polyfa ne. Sakamakon rashi insulin da juriya na nama, carbohydrates ba su cika sha. Kwayoyin suna karɓar ƙananan adadin kuzari, wanda ke haifar da kullun sha'awar sake cika wadatar da ATP saboda sabbin sassan abinci.

Wadannan alamun cutar sankarau halaye ne iri biyu. Bayyanar alamun na bukatar bambance banbanci, zabin da ingantaccen magani.

Cutar “zaki” da yara ke ci gaba cikin sauri. Cutar sankarau yana da wuyar sarrafawa. Zai yi wuya ga yaro ɗan shekara 7 ko 10 ya bayyana dalilin da ya sa ya kamata ya ci ɗanɗano, wanda yake buƙatar yin allurar insulin kowace rana.

Adwararrun alamu na alamu da aka bayyana a sama suna nuna kasancewar cutar. Pathology za'a iya ƙaddara shi a baya. Koyaya, alamun farko na cutar ba a kula dasu ba saboda ƙarancin su.

Alamomin farkon cutar sankarau

Jikin yara koyaushe yana tasowa. Yawancin shekaru na jariri an san shi da wasu fasalulluka na tafiyar matakai na rayuwa. Duk wannan yana haɗuwa da bambancin alamomin bayyanar cutar, wanda ke rikitar da ingantaccen ganewar asali.

Za a bayyana alamun farko na ciwon sukari a ƙasa. Babban abu shine a gano su, gudanar da bincike game da bambanci.

Yaro wanda shekara ɗaya yana magana da sauti kawai. Yana da wuya iyaye su tantance ƙishirwa, polyuria na yaro. Bayyanar ciwon sukari a cikin yara ‘yan kasa da shekaru biyu yana farawa ne bayan gano alamun masu zuwa:

• Rashin narkewa. Yaron yakan yi rauni sosai. Matsakaicin kashi na madara, cakuda wucin gadi yana samar da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki,
• Fata ya bushe. Akwai kwasfa, diaper na rabe na halitta, al'aura,
• Bayan bushewa, fitsari ya fita daga “kwararan fili”. Irin waɗannan canje-canjen sun faru ne sakamakon ƙwayar glucose tare da narkewar ruwa.

Wadannan alamun cututtukan sukari a cikin yara 'yan shekara 2 suna tare da juyayi na jariri. Hankalin bacci ya dauketa. Yaron yakan yi kururuwa, ya yi watsi da wasannin. Rashin nauyi mai nauyi wani alama ce kuma irin nau'in ciwon sukari 1 cikin yara.

Glucose din mara kyau a jiki. Jiki ya rasa ajiyar makamashi. Don dawo da shi, ƙarancin hidimar abinci kaɗan ne. Yaron ya ci ƙarin, amma ba ya wadatar. Jiki yana fara amfani da ajiyar ciki na tsopose nama.

Rashin isasshen magani yana tattare da asarar nauyi na yara, wanda aka cika tare da haɓakar cututtukan da ke tattare da jijiyoyi, tsoka, narkewa, da sauran tsarin.

Ofaya daga cikin alamun ciwon sukari a cikin yara masu shekaru 0 zuwa 15, likitoci bugu da considerari suna ɗaukar ƙanshin acetone daga bakin. Sabbin jarirai suna buƙatar kulawa mai zurfi, saka idanu akan aikin koda don tabbatar da matsalar.

Ciwon sukari a cikin yara na makarantu masu tasowa da ci gabanta sau da yawa "yakan ɓoye" a ƙarƙashin cutar ta sauran cututtuka. Likitocin sun bambanta waɗannan alamomin na yau da kullun waɗanda ba takamammen alamun cuta na ƙwayar cutar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ba:

• Rashin damuwa, juyayi. Zai yi wuya a tuntuɓi irin waɗannan yara. Ba su yin biyayya ga iyayensu, suna jefa rashin gaskiya,
• Yawan maimaitawar dare. Idan yaro koyaushe yana magana game da mafarki mara kyau, kar ku yi watsi da shi. Irin waɗannan rikice-rikice wasu lokuta suna haɓaka don dalilan kwayoyin,
• Fata na fata. Tare da bayyanar ƙananan ƙwayar cuta, ƙwayoyin jiki waɗanda ba su warkar da kyau, suna yin gwajin jini don gano dalilan wannan yanayin na yaran,
• Rashin narkewa na narkewa. Yara suna wahala daga tashin zuciya, amai ba tare da wani dalili bayyananne ba,
• Consumptionara yawan amfani da Sweets. Lokacin da Iyaye suka lura da sha'awar ɗan su ɗanɗano su ci daɗaɗɗun ciye-ciye, da wuri, da ƙamshin gingerbread, to wannan yana nuna ƙarancin shan glucose. Yaron yana ƙoƙarin rama shi.

A cikin shari'ar ta karshen, yana da mahimmanci a san yadda ake gane matsalar gaskiya da ƙaunar maciji kawai. Don wannan, akwai gwaje-gwaje na musamman, nazari.

Ba shi yiwuwa a tsayar da cutar sankarau kawai ta alamun da ke nuna. Alamu sun firgita iyaye, an tilasta musu neman taimako. Likita ya riga ya tsara takamaiman gwajin. Tare da taimakon gwaje-gwaje, ana gudanar da bambance bambancen cutar.

Alamomin farko da alamomin kamuwa da cutar siga na yara daga shekaru 8 zuwa 10 sun zama kamar misalai masu saurin kamuwa da cututtukan da ke kama da wannan zamani. Yara suna tattaunawa tare da juna sosai, musayar microflora, ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda ke hade da cututtukan gargajiya.

Iyaye suna mai da hankali ga halaye masu zuwa na hoto na asibiti:

• Abunda ke faruwa cikin saurin kamuwa da cututtuka da dama. Sau da yawa sha'ir, 5-6 aukuwa na gama gari na yau da kullun, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta don shekara ta kasance tana da ban tsoro. Wannan ci gaba yana nuna rauni na tsarin rigakafi,
• Rage nauyi. Yaran da suka wuce 8 ko fiye sun yi motsawa sosai. Idan babu rikice-rikice na rayuwa, abinci mai kiba, yawancin su ya wuce na yau da kullun. Sharpanƙasa mai haske yana nuna matsala. Don tabbatar da shi, sun nemi taimako,
• Matsalar fata.Dryness, peeling, m tafiyar matakai, mara kyau waraka daga cikin kananan raunuka, waxanda suke da hankula ga yara na wannan zamani,
• Rashin gani. Tare da farkon haɓaka cutar, idan babu isasshen magani, rikice-rikicen ciwon sukari na farko sun riga sun ci gaba zuwa shekaru 10. Retinopathy yana ɗayansu. Babbar bukatar gilashin alama ce don zuwa likita.

Wani lokaci hypoglycemia wani alama ne na ciwon sukari a cikin yara. Wani sabon abu mai kama da rai yana faruwa ne saboda ƙoƙarin da ƙwayar ta hanji don dawo da daidaituwa tsakanin glucose da hormone a cikin jini.

Lokaci guda daya na sakin insulin da jiki yayi yawa tare da faduwa sosai a cikin yawan sukari mai yawa. A zahiri, an bayyana wannan:

• Ya dace da tsoro
• Tare da gumi mai sanyi
• Kwatsam rauni, har zuwa asarar ma'auni,
• Cramps. Irin wannan ƙarancin ƙwayar tsoka ba wuya yana faruwa a cikin siffofin masu cutar.

Gano alamun bayyanar yana tattare da binciken jariri tare da likita tare da isar da takamaiman gwaje gwaje.

Ciwon sukari na nau'in ciwon sukari na 1

Na farko alamun ciwon sukari sune "karrarawa" ga iyaye. Yin watsi da duk alamomin da ke sama na cutar za su haifar da ci gaba tare da haɓaka rikice-rikice, lalatawar rayuwar rayuwar jariri.

10-20% na lokuta suna haɗuwa da alamomin da aka bayyana, tsokanar su ta hanyar lalata metabolism metabolism. Useswayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, cututtukan gabobin ciki ko rashin haihuwar ma sun zama sanadin wannan hoton asibiti.

An shawarci iyaye suyi wa likita idan akalla akwai alamun cutar a sama. Likitocin suna gudanar da hanyoyin bincike ta hanyar da aka tabbatar da tabbatar da ingancin cutar sankarau ko karyata.

A bisa ga al'ada ana amfani da ita:

• Gwajin jini,
• Gwajin gwajin haƙuri
• Gwajin jini don gano glycosylated haemoglobin.

A magana ta farko, ana amfani da maganin maras kyau ko venous don bincike. Gano ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta yana nuna ƙwayar metabolism. Ana shirya karamin mai haƙuri don bincike.

Ana bayar da jini a cikin komai a ciki. Matsakaicin glycemic tamanin da ke ɗaukar jini shine 3.3-5.5 mmol / L, venous - 4.5-6.5 mmol / L. Sakamakon ya dogara da fasalin dakin gwaje-gwaje inda ake gudanar da gwaje-gwaje.

Likitoci suna amfani da gwajin haƙuri a cikin gwaje-gwaje don sakamakon da aka tambaya daga wani bincike da ya gabata. Asalinsa shine sanin ikon jiki don rama nauyin carbohydrates. A saboda wannan, mai haƙuri ya sha 75 g na glucose wanda aka lalata tare da gilashin ruwa.

Likitocin suna auna glycemia kafin amfani da maganin, kazalika 2 hours bayan hakan. Idan, a ƙarshen zamani, yawan ƙwayar sukari ya ƙasa da daidai yake da 7,7 mmol / l, to, yaron yana cikin koshin lafiya. 7.8-1.0 - haƙuri mai narkewa na glucose. Wannan yanayin ana kiransa ciwon suga.

Wucewa 11.1 mmol / L yana nuna kasancewar cutar “mai daɗi” da ke buƙatar magani.

Gwajin jini don glycosylated haemoglobin yana tabbatar da kasancewar ciwon sukari. A gaban cutar, glucose ta haɗu da ƙwayoyin furotin. Rajistar irin waɗannan abubuwa a cikin jini yana tabbatar da ci gaban ciwon sukari.

Matsakaicin glycosylated haemoglobin ya kai kashi 5.7. Wucewa bakin ƙofa na 6.5% yana nuna cin zarafin ƙwayoyin carbohydrate ta hanyar nau'in ciwon sukari.