Bayyanar cututtuka da lura da ciwon sukari na mellitus na farko da na biyu

Wani lokaci ana kiranta ciwon sukari mellitus shine babban cutar zamaninmu - a kowace shekara yawan masu haƙuri da wannan cutar suna haɓaka. A cewar rahoton na WHO na shekarar 2016, kashi 8.5% na yawan mutanen duniya - kusan daya cikin mutane goma sha biyu - ke fama da hauhawar sukari a cikin jini. Koyaya, talakawa galibi basu san girman wannan cutar ba kuma menene dalilin rashin magani. Sakamakon haka, ciwon sukari shine ɗayan "masu kisan" guda uku na mazaunan ƙasashe masu masana'antu, tare da cututtukan zuciya da cutar kansa.

Ciwon sukari mellitus: nau'ikan da alamomin cutar

Ciwon sukari cuta ce da ke haɗe da ƙwayar cutar glucose a jiki. Insulin, wani kwayar halittar da aka kera ta cikin sinadarin, ta dauki alhakin shan wannan abun. Idan saboda wasu dalilai insulin bai isa ba ko kuma kyallen takarda ta daina ba da amsa, to, sukari da muke samu daga abinci yana tarawa a cikin jirgin ruwa da wasu gabobin (daga cikinsu akwai jijiyoyin jiki, ƙodan, mucous membrane na hanji, da sauransu). Akwai rarrabuwa: "yunwar a cikin yalwa." Yayinda wasu kyallen takarda ke wahala ba tare da glucose ba, wasu kuma suna lalata da wucewar su.

Me yasa ciwon sukari ke faruwa? Cikakkiyar amsa ga wannan tambayar ba tukuna, amma, masana kimiyya a kowace shekara suna bayyana hanyoyin da ke tattare da cutar. An kafa ta hakika cewa cutar tana haɓaka ta hanyoyi biyu:

Idan mutuwar sel da ke samar da insulin ta faru (sakamakon kuskuren rigakafin jiki wanda a ciki ana gano jijiyoyin jikin mutum azaman kasashen waje da lalata),
idan kyallen jikin mutum ta zama mai tsayayya da wannan hormone - juriya ta insulin, wanda ke da alaƙa da ɗumbin abinci da ke amfani da abinci na carbohydrate (ana lura da wannan a cikin mutane masu kiba).

A cikin yanayin farko, likitoci sun gano nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari. Wannan har yanzu cuta ce da ba za a iya magance ta ba, wanda ba tare da kulawar likita ta lokaci ba da sauri tana kaiwa ga mutuwar mai haƙuri. Yanayi na biyu shine kamannin ciwon sukari na 2, cutar tsofaffi da kuma masu kiba.

Kasa da 10% na marasa lafiya da wannan cutar suna fama da ciwon sukari na 1. Yana yawan faruwa a cikin samari, kuma alamunta suna bayyana cikin hanzari. Mafi mahimmancin su:

akai-akai da kuma cinikin urination,
lokacin rashin tsari da kishirwa,
asarar nauyi kwatsam (mara lafiyar na iya rasa fiye da kilo 10 a cikin 'yan kwanaki kadan),
rauni, nutsuwa, raunin gani,
warin da sauran ƙarfi daga bakin.

Duk waɗannan alamun suna da alaƙa da yawan sukari a cikin tasoshin: jiki yana ƙoƙari a banza don rage yawan glucose, cire shi da fitsari. Idan mara lafiyar ba zai iya taimakawa ta hanyar allurar insulin ba, wataƙila mai muni ce.

Halin da ke nuna nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 hanya ce mai taɗuwa da ƙwayar cuta: mutanen da ke da jarin insulin na shekaru da yawa na iya zama masu sane da cutar kuma basa kula da ita. Sakamakon haka, a duk lokacin da suka ga likita, tabbas yanayin su zai iya rikitarwa ta hanyar cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, tsarin jijiyoyi, idanu, kodan, da fata.

Kasance da gaban nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na wadannan alamun:

mafi sau da yawa ana samun wannan cuta a cikin tsofaffi masu tsufa, sabili da haka, haɗuwa da waɗannan halaye guda biyu a cikin kanta shine lokaci don gwajin jini na yau da kullun don sukari,
mummunan bayyanar cututtuka - ƙishirwa, ciwon sukari, rauni - wataƙila ba za a lura da shi ba, babban ƙarar da mara lafiyar zai kasance itching fata da rauni,
cututtukan fata na fata da ba su taɓa faruwa ba: furuncles, carbuncles, rauni a kafafu da - jinkirin warkar da raunuka,
sau da yawa dalilin yin zargin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 ana bayyana rikice-rikice: cataracts, zafi a kafafu da gidajen abinci, angina pectoris, da sauransu.

Type 1 ciwon sukari

Tun daga ranar da likitan ya tabbatar da kamuwa da cutar - nau'in ciwon sukari guda 1 - wanda rayuwar mutum ke canzawa ba ta canzawa. Daga yanzu, don guje wa mutuwa, dole ne ya saka insulin kullun, ya rama rashin ƙarancin ƙwayoyin halittar da ke jikinsa. Bugu da ƙari, mai haƙuri zai lura da ƙa'idodin halayen halayen har ƙarshen rayuwarsa, wanda, tare da horon da ya dace, zai ba shi damar guje wa rikice-rikicen cutar kuma ya zauna lafiya zuwa tsufa.

Rayuwa . Don hana canji mai mahimmanci a cikin matakan glucose na jini (duka haɓaka da raguwa suna da mutuƙar ƙwayar cuta kuma suna iya haifar da ƙwayar cuta), mai nau'in mai ciwon sukari na 1 ana tilasta shi don saka idanu a hankali game da abinci mai gina jiki, damuwa ta jiki da ta tunani, la'akari da damuwa, rashin lafiya da sauran abubuwan da zasu iya shafar kan kyautatawa. Don sarrafa ƙididdigar jini, kowane mara lafiya yana amfani da mit ɗin glucose na jini na gida - kayan aiki wanda zai ba ka damar auna taro na sukari a gida. Hakanan, masu ciwon sukari suna bincika glucose fitsari a kai a kai ta hanyar amfani da matakan gwaji kuma suna ziyartar likitansu kowane wata.
Magunguna . Babban magani ga mai ciwon sukari shine insulin, wanda aka fito dashi a cikin nau'in sirinji don sake maimaitawa. Ta hanyar misali, mai haƙuri yana da irin waɗannan na'urori guda biyu: ɗayan ya ƙunshi hormone mai aiki (don gudanarwa a ƙarƙashin fata 1-2 sau a rana), ɗayan kuma - "matsanancin-gajere" insulin, injections wanda ake buƙata bayan kowace abinci kuma tare da wasu canje-canje a cikin kyautatawa. Bugu da ƙari, marasa lafiya suna ɗaukar darussan magunguna waɗanda ke hana yiwuwar rikicewar cutar (alal misali, magunguna don rigakafin atherosclerosis ko lalacewar jijiyoyin gefe).
Abincin tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1, ya zama dole, amma aikinsa shine haɓaka abincin (lura da madaidaitan adadin abubuwan gina jiki). Marasa lafiya suna riƙe da rikodin carbohydrates ta amfani da tsarin abinci (XE), suna ƙididdige yawan sukari da suka ci yayin abinci. Ana buƙatar wannan don zaɓar allurai insulin.

Type 2 ciwon sukari

Ya dogara ba kawai kuma ba yawa akan damar zuwa magunguna, amma a kan yanayin haƙuri da kansa. Tabbatacce don kwantar da sukari na jini yana bin shawarar likitancin endocrinologist game da salon rayuwa da abinci. Koyaya, wannan ba abu bane mai sauƙi, an ba da shekaru da halayen yawancin marasa lafiya.

Abincin - Abu mafi mahimmanci a lura da wannan cuta. Karyata Sweets da sauran abinci mai wadata a cikin carbohydrates yana dawo da matakan glucose na jini na al'ada (bayani akan halatta da abinci da aka haramta da kuma jita-jita ga marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari mellitus an haɗa su a cikin Tebur 9 na Tsarin Abinci na Pevzner Clinical Nutrition). Bugu da ƙari, rage cin abinci mai kalori yana haifar da asarar nauyi, yana haɓaka metabolism kuma yana ƙara haɓakar jijiyoyin jiki da gabobin jikin mutum zuwa insulin.
Rayuwa . Masana sun lura cewa sau da yawa a cikin masu ciwon sukari da ke rasa nauyi, akwai sakewa (ɓacewa na alamun lokaci). Idan matakin sukari ya daidaita tsawon shekaru, likitoci na iya magana game da cikakken murmurewa. Amma yanayin da ba makawa na irin wannan sakamakon shi ne yaƙi da kiba. Sabili da haka, masu ciwon sukari ya kamata su sake tunani game da halayensu - ba da lokaci mai yawa ga ilimin jiki a kowace rana, daina shan sigari, ci gaba da rage cin abinci. Tare da kiba mai narkewa, wanda baya barin damar don asarar nauyi mai zaman kanta, ana bada shawarar tiyata bariatric - rage yawan tiyata na girman ciki.
Magunguna . Duk da mahimmancin aikin abinci, maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta yana kare marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari na 2 daga sakamakon kuskuren abinci. Muna magana ne game da magunguna masu rage sukari, waɗanda galibi ana sayar da su a cikin kwamfutar hannu. Suna taimakawa rage yawan sukari daga abinci, haɓaka jijiyar kyallen takarda zuwa glucose da kuma ƙarfafa ƙwayar endocrine. Idan wannan tsarin ya zama mara amfani, likitan har yanzu yana rubuta takardar sayen insulin zuwa wajenshi.

Gabaɗaya an yarda cewa ciwon sukari bashi da magani kuma mutane masu kamuwa da cutar sanƙara (hawan jini) ba su da ɗan damar rayuwa mai tsawo. Koyaya, wannan ba haka bane. Sau da yawa, marasa lafiya sun ce suna godiya ga masu ciwon sukari a cikin nasu hanya don koya musu su zama masu alhakin lafiyar su, kiyaye jikinsu da kyakkyawan tsari, da tilasta musu barin amfani da abinci masu cutarwa, barasa da sigari. Tabbas, cutar koyaushe bala'i ce, amma hanya madaidaiciya don magani yana ba da damar sanya cutar ta zama abokantaka kuma kawar da matsaloli masu yawa na kiwon lafiya shekaru da yawa masu zuwa.

Hanyar haɓaka rikitarwa

A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, glucose, wanda dole ne ya shiga cikin sel (musamman tsoka da ƙwayoyin mai, wanda ke haɗuwa kusan 2/3 na dukkanin sel) kuma yana ba su makamashi, ya kasance cikin jini. Idan an haɓaka shi da kullun, ba tare da “tsalle-tsalle” ba, to, kasancewar da take haifar da rashin ƙarfi (saboda wannan, ƙwayar tana barin kyallen kuma tana mamaye tasoshin jini), tana kaiwa ga lalacewar ganuwar tasoshin jini da gabobin jini. Wannan shine yadda "sannu-sannu", ƙarshen sakamakon zai ci gaba. Lokacin da insulin ya fara ɓacewa sosai, ƙarancin rikice-rikice yana haɓaka waɗanda ke buƙatar kulawa da lafiya na gaggawa, ba tare da abin da zasu iya kawo ƙarshen masu rauni ba.

Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1, insulin ya ragu. Idan wannan karancin bai cika da analog na mutum na kansa ba, wanda aka allura, rikitarwa zai inganta da sauri kuma yana gajarta rayuwar mutum.

Game da ci gaban nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, akwai insulin na kansa, amma ƙarancin “ji” ƙarancin sel wanda dole yayi aiki da shi. Anan, ana aiwatar da magani tare da taimakon magungunan kwamfutar hannu, wanda yakamata "nuna" ƙirar da ake buƙata don insulin, a sakamakon abin da za'a samar da metabolism na tsawon lokacin aikin waɗannan magungunan. Anan matsanancin rikice-rikice bashi da wataƙi a ci gaba. Sau da yawa yakan faru ne cewa mutum yasan game da ciwon sukari ba ta sanannun alamun lokacin da yake jin ƙishirwa ba ko saboda yawan ruwan da yake cinyewa dole ne ya shiga bayan gida da daddare, kuma lokacin rikice-rikice na rayuwa ba su inganta ba.

A cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, ƙwayar ɗan adam ba ta da hankali amma ita ce insulin. Gabatarwar hormone a cikin injections yana daidaita metabolism. Sabili da haka, idan abinci na musamman da rage yawan sukari ba zai iya kiyaye sukarin jini a ƙasa 7 mmol / l ba, ku tuna: ya fi kyau ku zaɓi sashi na maganin ƙwayar cuta (abinci a waje) sannan ku riƙa bayar da maganin koyaushe fiye da rage tsawon rayuwa da rage ingancinsa daga taurin rashin buƙatu. Tabbas, irin wannan magani ya kamata a tsara shi ta hanyar ƙwararren endocrinologist, wanda dole ne ya fara tabbatar da cewa abincin ba ya taimaka sosai, kuma ba kawai an bi ba.

M rikitarwa

Wannan kalmar tana nufin yanayi ne da ke haɓaka sakamakon haɓaka mai ƙarfi ko raguwa a cikin glucose na jini, wanda dole ne a cire shi cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci don guje wa mutuwa. An rarraba su da sharadi gwargwado:

wajan haila (a yayin da matakan sukari suka yi ƙasa) ga wa,
yanayin hyperglycemic.

Sanadin hauhawar jini

Mafi yawancin lokuta, wannan rikitarwa mai girma yana faruwa a sakamakon:

karin yawan insulin (misali, idan aka kirga raka'o'in insulin akan sikelin mai maki 100, kuma a allura tare da sirinji wanda aka yiwa raka'a 40, wato, kashi ya ninka sau biyu 2.5) ko kuma allunan rage sukari,
idan mutum ya manta ko baya son cin abinci bayan allura, ko kuma bayan cin abinci, akwai amai,
akwai wani aiki na motsa jiki a cikin mutumin da ke fama da ciwon siga, gami da haihuwa,
mutumin da yake da ciwon suga yana shan giya mai amfani,
ba a daidaita yawan insulin ba yayin da yake shan magunguna waɗanda a haɗe kuma suna rage matakan glucose jini: beta-blockers (Anaprilin, Metoprolol, Corvitol), alli, lithium, acid salicylic, Vitamin B2, maganin rigakafin fatalone (Levofloxacin) , Ofloxacin) da jerin tetracycline.

Hypoglycemia mafi yawanci yakan faru ne a cikin farkon farkon ciki, bayan haihuwa, tare da haɓakar ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta sakamakon cutar koda, tare da haɗuwa da ciwon sukari tare da rashin ƙarfi ko tare da yanayin hypothyroid, sakamakon fashewar cutar hepatitis ko hepatosis tare da ciwon sukari.

Mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari mellitus, musamman nau'in 1, suna buƙatar sanin bayyanar cututtukan hypoglycemia don taimaka wa kansu nan da nan ta hanyar ɗaukar kashi na carbohydrates mai sauƙi da sauri mai narkewa (Sweets, sukari, zuma). In ba haka ba, idan ba ku aikata wannan ba yayin da mutumin yana da hankali, tashin hankali na hankali zai haɓaka da sauri har zuwa coma, wanda kuna buƙatar cirewa daga shi a cikin mintuna 20 kafin cortex ya mutu (yana da matukar damuwa ga rashin glucose a matsayin abu mai ƙarfi).

Bayyanar cututtukan hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia yana da haɗari sosai, sabili da haka, ana koya wa duk ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya cewa idan babu glucometer kuma an iske mutum bai san komai ba kuma ba tare da shaidu waɗanda zasu iya faɗi abin da mutumin ba shi da lafiya, abin da zai iya ɗauka, abu na farko da ya fara shine ɗaukar mafitar glucose mai ɗorewa daga ampoules zuwa cikin jijiyarsa.

Hypoglycemia yana farawa da bayyanar:

tsananin rauni
tsananin farin ciki
hannayenku na rawar jiki
yunwa
gumi mai sanyi
numbashi na lebe
pallor na fata.

Idan raguwar glucose na jini ya faru a cikin dare, mafarki mai ban tsoro ya fara faruwa ga mutum, sai ya fashe da kuka, ya mutun wani abu mara fahimta, jin kunya. Idan ba ku tashe shi ba kuma ya hana kyakkyawan maganin shaye-shaye, zai “yi bacci” cikin zurfi da zurfi, zai shiga cikin laima.

Gwajin glucose na jini tare da glucometer zai nuna cewa matakinsa yana ƙasa da 3 mmol / l (masu ciwon sukari tare da "gwaninta" sun fara jin alamun koda a lambobin al'ada, 4.5-3.8 mmol / l). Mataki ɗaya ya maye gurbin ɗayan da sauri, saboda haka kuna buƙatar fahimta (da kyau - ta amfani da kiran waya ga likitan ku, likitancin endocrinologist, ko ma motar asibiti ta motar) a cikin minti 5-10.

Idan a wannan matakin ba zaku sha ruwan zaki, shayi ba, kada ku ci carbohydrates ('ya'yan itaciyar mai dadi ba su ƙidaya, saboda ya ƙunshi ba glucose, amma fructose) a cikin sukari, zuma, Sweets ko glucose, wanda aka sayar a cikin kantin magani a cikin foda ko Allunan , mataki na gaba yana haɓaka, inda taimako ya riga ya zama mafi wahala:

tsokanar zalunci ko wuce gona da iri,
kalmomin hauka
take hakkin daidaituwa
gunaguni na hangen nesa biyu, bayyanar “hazo” ko “kwari” a gaban idanun,
gunaguni na “zuci” lokacin da, lokacin da zazzage bugun zuciya, shima ya bayyana.

Wannan matakin takaice ne. Anan yan uwa zasu iya taimakawa ta hanyar tilasta mutum ya ɗan ɗan sha ruwan ɗumi. Amma ana iya yin hakan ne kawai idan akwai wata hulɗa da shi kuma da alama zai haɗiye mafita ya fi yuwuwar sara shi. Yana da daidai saboda yiwuwar abinci ya shiga cikin "makogwaro na numfashi" wanda bai kamata ku ba da Sweets ko sukari tare da irin waɗannan alamu ba, zaku iya narke carbohydrates a cikin karamin ruwa.

Alamomin bacci sune:

asarar sani
katsewa
fatar jiki kodadde ce, sanyi, an lullube ta da zufa.

A wannan yanayin, taimako ne kawai ta hanyar motar asibiti ko duk wani ma'aikacin lafiya wanda ke da kayan agaji na farko tare da ampoules 4-5 na maganin glucose 40%. Ya kamata a yi allurar cikin jini, kuma ana bayar da mafi girman minti 30 don bayar da wannan taimako.Idan baku da lokacin yin injections a cikin wannan tazara, ko kuma idan kun shigar da isasshen adadin glucose na 40% don haɓaka zuwa ƙananan lambobi na yau da kullun, akwai damar cewa halayen mutumin za su canza sosai a nan gaba: daga rashin daidaito da rashin daidaituwa da rikice-rikice zuwa tsire-tsire ("kamar shuka") jihar. Tare da cikakkiyar gazawa don bayar da taimako a cikin awanni 2 daga ci gaba da cutar mahaifa, damar mutum ya mutu ya yi yawa. Dalilin haka shine yunwar makamashi, wanda ke haifar da kumburi cikin sel kwakwalwa da bayyanar basur a ciki.

Kulawar cututtukan cututtukan jini yana farawa a gida ko a wurin da aka “kama” mutumin da raguwar glucose. Farjin yana ci gaba a cikin motar asibiti kuma yana ƙare a cikin sashin kulawa mai zurfi na ɗakunan asibiti mafi kusa (wanda ke da asibitin endocrinology). Karyata asibiti yana da haɗari, saboda bayan hypoglycemia, mutum yana buƙatar kulawa biyu na likita da kuma sake nazarin yadda aka ɗauki insulin ɗin.

Yin rigakafin hauhawar jini

Idan kana da ciwon sukari, wannan ba yana nufin cewa motsa jiki ya keɓaɓɓu ba. A gabansu, kawai kuna buƙatar ƙara adadin carbohydrates da ke cinye guraben burodi 1-2, abu ɗaya yana buƙatar yin bayan horo. Idan kuna shirin zuwa zangon zango ko motsa kayan daki, wanda zai dauki fiye da awanni 2, kuna buƙatar rage kashi na "gajere" wanda insulin ke sarrafawa kwata ko rabin. A irin wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar kulawa da matakin glucose na kanku ta amfani da glucometer.

Abincin mai ciwon sukari ya kamata ya ƙunshi sunadarai. Wadannan abubuwa zasu iya canzawa zuwa glucose, kuma suna yin wannan na dogon lokaci, suna samar da dare ba tare da maganin tarin jini ba.

Barasa makiyin mai ciwon sukari. Matsakaicin mafi girman yiwuwar yin tallafi yayin rana shine gram 50-75.

Yanayin rashin daidaito

Waɗannan sun haɗa da nau'ikan coma guda uku (da na baya, yanayin precomatous):

ketoacidotic,
acid lactate,
hyperosmolar.

Duk waɗannan rikice-rikice masu girma suna faruwa ne daga tushen karuwa a cikin glucose jini. Ana kulawa da su a asibiti, a cikin sashin kulawa mai zurfi.

Ketoacidosis

Wannan ɗayan ɗayan rikitarwa ne na ciwon sukari na 1. Yawanci yakan haɗu:

bayan dogon wucewar shan insulin ko allunan rage sukari, wanda yawanci yakan faru ne yayin rashin ci, zazzabi, tashin zuciya ko amai,
bayan kankare magungunan da ke sama, wanda yafi faruwa saboda dalilai iri ɗaya,
da ci gaban m cututtuka, musamman wadanda lalacewa ta hanyar wani wakili da cutar,
isasshen sashi na insulin,
exacerbation na kowane cuta cuta,
gudanar da insulin ko wakilin rage sukari mai karewa,
bugun zuciya
bugun jini
rauni
jihar rawar jiki (sakamakon asarar ruwa, zubar jini, rashin lafiyan - anaphylaxis, lalacewar tarin kwayoyin cuta yayin shan allurai na farko).
sepsis
kowane, musamman gaggawa, aiki.

A ƙarshen asalin rashi na insulin, glucose (maɓallin babban makamashi) ya daina shiga cikin sel, yana tara jini. Kwayoyin daga wannan kwarewar "yunwar makamashi", wanda ke damuwa da jiki. Don mayar da hankali ga damuwa, ana ba da izinin “hormones damuwa” cikin jini: adrenaline, cortisol, glucagon. Suna haɓaka glucose na jini har ma da ƙari. Ofara yawan ɓangaren ruwa na jini yana ƙaruwa. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar kwayar kwayar halitta mai aiki da jini, wacce take 'glucose', tana jan “ruwa” daga sel zuwa cikin jini.

Babban taro na glucose har yanzu ba za a iya rage yawan shi da yawaitar jini ba, saboda haka kodan na da hannu wajen cire wannan carbohydrate. Amma ana shirya su ta yadda, tare da glucose, electrolytes (sodium, chlorides, potassium, fluorine, alli) suma suna shiga fitsari. Ana cire su ta hanyar jawo ruwa ga kansu. Sakamakon haka, bushewar ruwa ke faruwa a cikin jiki, kodan da kwakwalwa suka fara fama da karancin isasshen jini. “Yunwar matsananciyar kwayar cuta” tana bada siginar don samar da lactic acid, wanda sakamakon pH din jini ya canza zuwa gefen acidic.

A lokaci guda, jiki yana buƙatar samar da kansa da makamashi, tunda, dukda cewa akwai glucose mai yawa, baya isa ga sel. Sannan yana kunna rushewar kitse a cikin tsopose nama. “Sakamakon sakamako” na samar da sel da makamashi daga mai shine bayyanar a cikin jinin ketone (acetone). Suna kara yin garkuwa da pH na jini, kuma suna da sakamako mai guba a gabobin ciki:

a kwakwalwa - yana haifar da talaucin hankali,
a kan zuciya - watse da kari,
akan narkewa, yana haifar da amai da zafi na ciki kamar hanji,
numfashi, tsokanar abin da ya faru

Bayyanar cututtuka na Ketoacidosis

Ketoacidosis ya ci gaba ta fuskoki 4 na nasara:

Ketosis Ana lura da bushewar fata da ƙwayoyin mucous, kuna da ƙishirwa sosai, rauni da hauhawar haɓaka, abinci yana raguwa, ciwon kai ya bayyana. Tana zama fitsari da yawa.
Ketoacidosis. Mutumin da "yayi barci akan tafiya", daga wurin yana amsa tambayoyin, ana jin warin acetone daga gare shi a cikin iska. Hawan jini yana raguwa, bugun jini yana ƙaruwa, amai yana bayyana. Yawan rage fitsari yana raguwa.
Precoma. Abu ne mai wahala ka farkar da mutum, alhali yakan yi amai da yawa a cikin launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi. Tsakanin tsakanin vomiting, zaku iya lura cewa kumburin numfashi ya canza: ya zama mai yawan surutu, da hayaniya. Wani haske yana bayyana akan kumatun. Tashin ciki na haifar da jin zafi.
Coma Rashin sani. Mutumin nan mara nauyi ne, kumatunsa masu ruwan hoda, numfashinsa babu amo, yana jin warin acetone.

Binciken wannan yanayin ya samo asali ne daga ƙudurin matakan glucose na jini, yayin da sukari da jikin ketone an ƙaddara su cikin fitsari. Za'a iya gano na ƙarshen a gida tare da tsararrun gwaji na musamman da aka tsoma cikin fitsari.

Ana gudanar da aikin tiyata a cikin ɓangaren kulawa mai zurfi na asibiti kuma ya ƙunshi cike ƙarancin insulin tare da magani mai gajeriyar aiki, wanda ana gudanar dashi kullun, a cikin ƙananan allurai, zuwa cikin jijiya. “Whale” na biyu na magani shine dawowa ga mutum wanda ruwansa ya rasa, ta hanyar hanyoyin samar da wadataccen ruwan-kwakwa.

Hyperosmolar coma

Wannan sakamako ne na ciwon sukari a cikin maza da mata, galibi tsofaffi, da ciwon sukari na 2. Yana tasowa ne sakamakon tarawar glucose da sodium a cikin jini - abubuwan da suke haifar da bushewar sel da kwararawar jijiyoyin jijiya tare da “ruwa” da aka kwashe daga kyallen takarda.

Hyperosmolar coma yana faruwa ne akan asalin hadewar daskararru sakamakon amai da gudawa sakamakon kamuwa da hanji, guban, cholecystitis, cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, zubar jini, da magungunan diuretic. A wannan yanayin, yakamata a sami rashi na insulin, wanda ke ƙaruwa da raunin da ya faru, shawo kan lamarin, ba ji ba gani.

Wannan yanayin yakan ci gaba a hankali - daysan kwanaki ko ofan kwanaki goma sha biyu. A farko, alamun cutar mellitus na kara kuzari: ƙishirwa, karuwar fitsari, asarar nauyi. Twitching na ƙananan tsokoki yana bayyana, wanda sannu a hankali yana ƙaruwa kuma ya juya zuwa cramps. Matsalan ya karye, tashin zuciya da amai suna bayyana, saboda wane ne

A ranar farko ko daga baya, hankali yana cikin damuwa. Da farko, wannan shine disorientation a sarari, sannan hallucinations da delusions. Daga baya, alamomi iri ɗaya ga waɗanda ke da bugun jini ko encephalitis na haɓaka: gurguwa, raunin magana, motsi na ido. A hankali, mutum ya zama yana “zama mara nauyi”, numfashinsa yakan zama na sama ne, kuma baya jin warin acetone.

Farfesa ya ƙunshi cika rashi na insulin, da ruwa da kuma electrolytes, da kuma kula da yanayin da ya haifar da rikicewar ciwon sukari. Ana gudanar da shi a cikin sashin kulawa mai zurfi na asibiti.

Cact Acid Acid Coma

Wannan rikicewar mafi yawanci tana tasowa ne a cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 2, musamman a cikin tsofaffi (shekaru 50 da haihuwa). Dalilinsa shine karuwa a cikin abubuwan lactic acid (lactate) a cikin jini. Wannan halin yana tsokanar shi ne ta hanyar cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, wanda a cikin jijiyar jijiyoyin nama ke tasowa.

Ilimin halin dan Adam ya bayyana kansa a matsayin kwararar ciwon sukari:

karuwa da ƙishirwa
rauni, gajiya,
yawan fitsari.

Kuna iya zargin lactic acidosis saboda raunin ƙwayar tsoka wanda ke faruwa saboda tarin lactic acid a cikinsu.

Don haka, cikin sauri (amma ba a cikin mintuna ba, kamar hypoglycemia), cin zarafin jihar yana tasowa:

canji na sani
canji a cikin iska numfashi,
zuciya tashin hankali,
rage karfin jini.

A wannan yanayin, mutuwa na iya faruwa sakamakon kamuwa da numfashi ko gazawar zuciya, don haka ya kamata asibiti ya kasance cikin gaggawa.

Bayyanar cututtuka da magani

Za'a iya bambance wannan nau'in rashin daidaituwa na coma a cikin asibiti, yayin da a lokaci guda ke tallafawa mutum ta hanyar gudanar da insulin, mafita wanda ya ƙunshi ruwa da lantarki, da kuma tabbataccen adadin maganin alkaline na soda da kwayoyi waɗanda ke tallafawa aikin zuciya.

Late rikitarwa

Wadannan sakamakon ma suna kara girman rayuwar rayuwa, amma suna yin hakan a hankali, suna ci gaba a hankali.

Rikice-rikice na yau da kullun sun haɗa da manyan rukuni biyu na cututtukan cuta:

Kwayoyin jijiyoyin jiki na gabobin jiki daban-daban.
Lalacewa ga tsarin tsarin juyayi.

Yawanci, waɗannan rikice-rikice suna haɓaka shekaru 20 ko fiye bayan farkon cutar. Suna faruwa a farkon, tsawon lokacin da ake yin matakan glucose a cikin jini.

Retinopathy

Wannan rikitarwa ce mafi girma ko ƙasa a cikin duk marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon sukari kuma suna haifar da nakasawar gani. Rashin ƙwaƙwalwar ciwon sukari fiye da sauran sakamako na ƙarshen yana haifar da tawaya, hana mutum hangen nesa. Ga makaho ɗaya, saboda wasu dalilai, 25 makafi ne sakamakon lalacewar jijiyoyin zuciya.

Tsawon lokacin glucose na dogon lokaci a cikin taskokin retina yana haifar da raguwarsu. Capillaries suna ƙoƙari su rama don wannan yanayin, don haka a wasu wuraren jigilar jaka-kamar protrusions sun bayyana, wanda jini ke ƙoƙarin canza abubuwa masu mahimmanci tare da retina. Yana zama mara kyau, kuma retina yana fama da rashin isashshen sunadarin oxygen. Sakamakon haka, ana sanya salts na salis da lipids a ciki, sannan sai aka samar da sikeli da ƙuƙwalwa a maimakon su. Idan tsari ya yi nisa, toshe bakin fata na iya haifar da makanta. Hakanan, basur mai narkewa ko glaucoma na iya haifar da makanta.

Cutar tana bayyana kanta tare da hango nesa a hankali, raguwa a filayen gani (ya zama ba a ganuwa akan bangarorin). Zai fi kyau a tantance shi a farkon matakin, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci a bincika a likitan mahaifa, ƙwallafa idanu na idanu, bincika jiragen ruwa na retina a kowane watanni 6-12.

Kwayar cuta

Wannan rikitarwa yana faruwa a cikin ¾ marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari kuma yana ɗaukar takamaiman cutar koda, wanda a ƙarshe yakan haifar da ci gaban lalacewa na koda. Mafi yawan lokuta mutanen da ke fama da kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 1 suna mutuwa daga gare ta.

Ana iya gano alamun farko na lalacewar koda koda a cikin nazarin fitsari shekaru 5-10 bayan fara cutar.

A cikin ci gabanta, nephropathy ya ratsa matakai 3:

Microalbuminuria Kusan babu tsinkaye na zahiri; hawan jini zai dan kara kadan. A cikin fitsari da aka tara a cikin sa'o'i 24, enzyme immunoassay, radioimmune da hanyoyin immunoturbidimetric.
Proteinuria A wannan matakin, an rasa furotin mai yawa a cikin fitsari. Rashin wadataccen furotin wanda a da yake riƙe ruwa a tasoshin yana haifar da ƙaddamar da ruwa a cikin ƙwayar. Wannan shine yadda edema ke tasowa, musamman akan fuska. Hakanan, a cikin 60-80% na mutane, duka "babba" da "ƙananan" haɓaka.
Ciwon mara na wucin gadi. Yawan fitsari yana raguwa, fatar jiki ta bushe kuma ya bushe, kuma an lura da cutar hawan jini. Yawancin lokaci akwai abubuwan tashin hankali da amai, da kuma hankali yakan yi wahala, saboda mutum yakan zama mai kaɗaici da tunani da mahimmanci.

Macroangiopathy

Wannan shine yanayin lokacin da ciwon sukari mellitus ya haifar da yanayi a cikin manyan tasoshin don haɓaka filayen atherosclerotic a cikinsu. Don haka tasoshin da ke ba da jini a cikin zuciya suna cutar (sannan angina pectoris da infarction na myocardial sun faru), ƙananan ƙarshen (wannan yana haifar da gangrene), kwakwalwa (wannan yana haifar da haɓakar encephalopathy da bugun jini), ciki (mesenteric thrombosis tasowa).

Don haka, ma'anar encephalopathy na ciwon sukari ana nuna shi ta hanyar rauni mai rauni da rage karfin aiki, motsawar yanayi, lalacewar tunani, tunani da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, magance ciwon kai.

Ana bayyanar da Macroangiopathy na ƙananan ƙarshen ta hanyar wahala a cikin motsawar ƙafa da safe, wanda daga nan ya wuce, ta hanyar ƙaruwa da gajiyar tsokoki na kafa, jin sanyi a cikinsu da kuma wuce kima. Bugu da ari, kafafu suna da sanyi sosai, mai ƙage, farfan kusoshin ya zama mara nauyi, ya yi fari. Bayan wannan matakin, na gaba yana haɓaka, lokacin da mutum ya fara ɗumbin rauni saboda ya zama mai wahala yin tafiya. Wadannan raɗaɗin na iya faruwa a cikin yanayin kwantar da hankula. A kan kafafu, fatar ta juya fata. Mataki na karshe na wannan rikitarwa shine gangrene na ƙafa, yatsunsu, kafa na ƙasa.

Tare da ƙarancin rikitarwa a cikin wadatar da jini zuwa kafafu, raunin trophic raunuka ya bayyana a kansu.

Lalacewa ga tsarin juyayi

Irin wannan ilimin, lokacin da aka shiga sassan tsakiya da na waje wanda yake aiki, ana kiran shi neuropathy diabetic. Wannan shi ne ɗayan abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaba na haɗari mai haɗari - ƙafar mai ciwon sukari, wanda yawanci yakan haifar da yankan ƙafa (ƙafa).

Abin da ya faru na ciwon sukari mai ciwon sukari bashi da cikakken bayani. Wasu masana kimiyya sun yi imani da cewa matakin hawan glucose mai haɓaka yana haifar da edema da lalacewar ƙwayoyin jijiya, yayin na biyu - cewa tashoshin jijiyoyi suna wahala saboda ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki sakamakon lalacewar jijiyoyinsu.

Neuropathy na iya bayyana kansa ta hanyoyi daban-daban, gwargwadon nau'in sa:

Sensory neuropathy yana haifar da yanayin rauni, jin "goosebumps" ko sanyi, yawancin akan ƙananan ƙarshen. Yayinda suke ci gaba, waɗannan alamun suna wucewa zuwa hannu (a cikin "safofin hannu"), kirji da ciki. Sakamakon cin zarafi da ƙwaƙwalwar jin zafi, mutum bazai lura da raunin fata ba, wanda a cikin ciwon sukari yana da halayyar warkarwa kuma yana ba da talauci.
Wani nau'in zuciya yana bayyana ta hanyar bugun zuciya yayin hutu, wanda hakan ya karya karfin dacewa da zuciya ga ayyukan jiki.
Siffar na ciki. An lalata hanyar abinci ta hanyar esophagus, motility na ciki yana hanzartawa ko a hankali, wanda ke shafar sarrafa abinci. Akwai kuma maganin zawo da maƙarƙashiya.
Tsarin urogenital yana faruwa lokacin da jijiyoyin ƙwayoyin sacral suka sha wahala. Yana bayyana kanta a matsayin cin zarafin hulɗa da ureters da mafitsara, lalata daga tashin hankali da amo a cikin maza, a cikin mata - bushe farji.
Ana nuna nau'in fata ta hanyar lalacewar gland gland, sakamakon abin da saɓani ya bushe.

Neuropathy wani rikitarwa ne mai haɗari, yayin da mutum ya daina jin ƙwancin hypoglycemia sakamakon cin zarafin ganewar sigina daga jikin sa.

Nau'in Neuropathic

Yana tasowa a cikin kashi 60-70% na lokuta na ƙafar masu ciwon sukari; yakan taso ne sakamakon lalacewar jijiyoyin, wanda ya gushe yana watsawa kwatankwacin ƙafar ƙafa ko hannu.

Yana bayyana kanta a matsayin lokacin farin ciki na fata a cikin yankuna da karuwar damuwa (mafi yawan lokuta akan tafin kafa da tsakanin yatsunsu), bayyanar kumburi a wurin, sannan kuma lahani na nakasa. Kafar ta zama mai kumbura da zafi sosai ga tabawa, kasusuwa da gidajen abinci kuma suna shafar, wanda ya sa jijiyoyin jiki da jiki su ke tasowa. Ba wai kawai raunuka ba, har ma da karaya ba koyaushe suna haɗuwa da bayyanar zafin saboda tasirin azanci.

Yadda za a bi da ƙarshen tasirin ciwon sukari

Kula da rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari ya dogara da "ginshiƙai guda uku":

Ragewa cikin matakin glucose, kawowa da riƙe shi a matakin ƙirar ƙirar jiki ba ya ƙarancin 4.4, amma ba ya fi 7 mmol / l ba. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da insulin - gajere da tsawaita aiki (idan akwai nau'in ciwon sukari na 1) ko allunan rage sukari (don cuta ta 2).
Diyya don tafiyar matakai na rayuwa wadanda suka “ɓace” a sakamakon raunin insulin. Don wannan dalili, an tsara shirye-shiryen acid na lipoic acid (Berlition, Dialipon), shirye-shiryen jijiyoyin bugun jini: Pentoxifylline, Actovegin, Nicotinic Acid. A gaban babban ma'aunin atherogenic (an tantance shi ta hanyar bayanin martaba na lipid), an tsara magungunan rage cholesterol: statins, fibrates, ko hade da shi.
Jiyya na musamman ci gaban rikicewa:
- Tare da retinopathy, musamman a farkon matakan, ana amfani da laser photocoagulation na retina don hana hasarar hangen nesa. Hakanan za'a iya yin ƙwayar Vitrectomy - cirewa daga cikin mara lafiyar.
- Lokacin da aka wajabta magungunan nephropathy waɗanda ke rage karfin jini ("Lisinopril", "Enalapril"), an tsara rage cin abinci mai ƙoshin gishiri, haɓaka adadin carbohydrates a cikin abincin don rufe farashin makamashi. Tare da haɓaka gazawar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na katako, ana nuna tsinkaye ko hemodialysis bisa ga alamun. Canjin koda koda za'a yi.
- Neuropathy yana buƙatar magani tare da bitamin B, wanda ke inganta hanya daga jijiya zuwa tsoka. Centralarin abubuwan shakatawa na tsoka na tsakiya: Gabopentin, Pregabalin, Carbamazepine.
- Tare da ƙafar mai ciwon sukari, ya zama dole don kula da raunuka, ɗaukar maganin rigakafi na tsari, sanya takalma na musamman don raunin fata mai rauni, da kuma komawa zuwa motsa jiki.

Cutar ciwon sukari a cikin yara

Tun da wata cuta ta 1, wacce akwai karancin insulin, galibi tana haɓaka ƙuruciya, babban rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari a cikin yara shine ketoacidosis da hypoglycemia. Sun bayyana a daidai yadda suke a cikin manya. Tare da hypoglycemia, rawar jiki yana bayyana, jiki ya rufe da ruwan ɗumi mai ɗumi, yaro na iya neman abinci.

Wani lokacin alamar farko wacce ake gano cutar sankarau shine ciwon ciki da amai, saboda wanda ake kwantar da jariri a asibiti ko a asibiti ko kuma (a cikin asibitin tiyata ne (zafin yana da kamannin cutar ta appendicitis)). Furtherarin gaba, bayan ƙayyadadden matakin sukari, kazalika da gudanar da wasu ƙarin gwaje-gwaje, an kafa tushen gano cutar sankara.

Cticarancin lactic acidotic da rikitarwa na hyperosmolar yara ba halayyar haɓaka ba, haɓaka da wuya.

Amma akwai takamaiman sakamako ga yara:

karancin insulin na kullum. Yana haɓakawa tare da ƙayyadadden zaɓi da aka zaɓa ko raguwarsa mara izini. Yana bayyana kanta a matsayin ci gaba na tsufa, lokacin balaga, haɓaka, farawar matsaloli da jijiyoyin jini. Jiyya: kashi na dubawa,
na kullum yawan insulin insulin. An bayyana shi ta hanyar ci, yawan kiba, lokacin samartaka da kuma saurin girma. Da safe, yaro yana jin alamun hypoglycemia (yunwar, rauni, zufa, rawar jiki, yanayin motsi). Jiyya: sake dubawa na kashi.

Rashin rikicewar latti, musamman macroangiopathies, shine mafi halayyar manya-manya masu nau'in 2 masu ciwon sukari tare da ƙwarewar shekaru 10 ko sama da haka, kuma da wuya haɓaka cikin yara.

Haɓaka ciwon sukari a cikin yaro yana da haɗari cewa zai haɓaka microangiopathy, lalacewar kodan, zuciya, farkon cututtukan atherosclerotic na jijiyoyin jini, angina pectoris da gazawar koda na gaji yayin tsufa /

Yadda za a hana ci gaban cututtukan ciwon sukari

Babban rigakafin rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari shine kiyaye matakan al'ada na glucose da haemoglobin cikin jini. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar maganin cututtukan jini, wanda likita ya zaɓa, ku bi rage ƙarancin abincin carb, sarrafa nauyin kanku, ƙin halaye marasa kyau da sunan ingancin rayuwa. Hakanan kuna buƙatar tuna cewa hawan jini kada ya wuce adadi 130/80 mm Hg.

Yana da mahimmanci a gudanar da nazari na yau da kullun: gwaje-gwajen jini, gwajin fitsari, dopplerography na tasoshin jini, gwaji a cikin kuɗi, shawarwari na likitocin jijiyoyin bugun gini, cututtukan zuciya da masu ilimin cututtukan zuciya don ƙayyadaddun lokaci na rikitarwa. Karka daina shan asfirin yau da kullun don zubar da jini: wannan na iya hana bugun zuciya, babban jijiyoyin jini ko bugun jini.

Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a kula da hankali musamman game da bincika jikinku, musamman maɓuɓɓun ƙafa don fara ganowa da magance raunuka, fasa da raunuka. Don rigakafin ciwon sukari:

don dumama ƙafafun ku ba tare da kayan lantarki ko baho mai zafi ba, amma tare da safa na woolen,
Saka takalma masu santsi
yin wasan motsa jiki a kowace rana
kula da kusoshi tare da fayil,
Bayan wanka, shafa ƙafafunku a hankali tare da abu mai taushi, sanya fata ku da fatara mai ruwan sanyi.

Za ku sha'awar karanta wannan:

Yadda za a kula da lafiya: shawarar babban likita Nikolai Amosov

Ciwon sukari a cikin maza, da abin da ya kamata ka sani game da shi

Alkahol da abubuwan sha mai laushi ga masu ciwon suga

Mafi kyawun 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na Cutar sukari

Amfanin lafiyar mai ban mamaki na shayi rooibos

CATASTROPHIC BAYANIN HUKUNTA

Amfani da sukari da Kungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya

Insulin-wanda yake yin insulin-da-insulin-da ke fama da cutar siga: bambanci

Magungunan zamani suna bambanta nau'ikan kamuwa da guda biyu.

Nau'in farko ana kiransa insulin-dependance.

Tare da wannan cutar, ƙwanƙwasa baya iya samar da insulin na hormone a cikin kansa. A nau’i na biyu, alade baya fitar da isasshen insulin, ko kuma jikin bai amsa wannan sinadarin ba. Nau'in na ƙarshe shine wani nau'in ciwon sukari - gestational.

Yawancin lokaci yakan faru ne a cikin iyaye mata masu juna biyu kuma yakan ɓace bayan haihuwar jariri. Jinsi da shekarun mai haƙuri su ma suna da wasu ma’ana. Idan jinsi ba ya da tasiri sosai ga ci gaban nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari, a cikin na biyu yawanci yakan faru ne a cikin mata. Mafi yawan lokuta wannan yakan faru ne bayan shekaru 40.

Bayyanar Cutar Kwayar cuta 2

Babu alamun bayyanar cutar waje da za a iya amfani da ita don gano cutar sukari irin 2 da wannan cuta. Wannan shi ne ɗayan bambance-bambance tsakanin wannan cuta da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1.

Marasa lafiya suna jin zazzabin cizon sauro, wanda wani lokacin akan danganta shi da yawan aiki da kuma ƙarfin motsa jiki. A zahiri, jiki ya riga ya shiga cikin tsari na rayuwa, sakamakon abin da ya haifar da narkewar abinci, kuma gubobi suka fara nunawa.

Anan ga alamun farko da marasa lafiya da yawa ke fuskanta:

bushe da ƙishirwa,
fata mai ƙaiƙai
kullum gajiya da bacci,
Matsalar hangen nesa: komai na iya faduwa a gaban idanunku,
tingling a cikin wata gabar jiki
urination akai-akai
Jin yunwar kullun wacce baya barin koda bayan cin abinci.

Mutum na iya samun nauyi sosai a jiki, ko kuma, a hankali, rasa shi. Sau da yawa a cikin marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 2, matsaloli suna farawa cikin rayuwa mai ƙima. Mata wani lokacin suna da cututtukan farji. Wata alamar cutar ita ce bushewar fata da ƙwayoyin mucous.

Tun da mutum ya rasa adadin ruwa mai yawa tare da fitsari, ƙwayoyin mucous ba zasu bushe ba. Fatar kuma tana rasa elasticity, samun tintaccen einthy. Zai iya kama da datti, musamman ma a cikin manyan hancin.

Tunda yana da wuyar gane cutar sankara ta hanyar alamun waje, ana buƙatar gwaje gwaje. Da farko dai, wannan gwaji ne don jurewar glucose, amma akwai wasu.

Misali, gwajin fitsari ga jikin ketone. Abubuwa masu yawa na iya haifar da ci gaban ciwon sukari na 2.

Daga cikin su - hawan jini, shan giya da shan sigari, yawan kiba, salon tsinkaye, son abinci mai sauri. Ana iya yada cutar ta hanyar gado.

Rashin insulin ba shi da mahimmanci kamar na 1 na ciwon sukari. A cikin jininsa, yana iya zama fiye da yadda aka saba, amma kyallen takarda sun rasa hankalinsu ga hakan.

Gwajin sukari da sauran hanyoyin bincike

Ko da tare da faruwa da dama daga cikin alamun da aka ambata a sama, yana da wuri don gano mutum mai ciwon sukari na 2. Binciken kawai zai iya ƙayyade cutar daidai.

Mafi sauki daga cikin wannan shine gwajin fitsari da na jini ga sukari, wanda ana gudanar dashi a dakin gwaje-gwaje. Ga mutumin da ke da koshin lafiya, yanayin yana nuna daga 3.3 zuwa 5.5 mmol / L. Ya kamata a gudanar da bincike game da komai a ciki.

Don gano haƙuri haƙuri da latent siffofin ciwon sukari, an sanya mara lafiya abin da ake kira gwajin damuwa. Ana yin gwajin jini a cikin waɗannan lokuta sau da yawa.

Da farko, ana yin gwajin cutar a kan komai a ciki, a gaba in an yi amfani da syrup mai dadi. Lokacin da matakan glucose a sakamakon yawan glucose ya wuce 11 mmol / l, ana gano cutar sukari.

Yakamata babu sukari a cikin fitsari. Idan an samo shi, zamu iya yanke hukuncin cewa anyi wannan binciken ne a karon farko, ko kuma magani ga mara lafiyar yakamata a daidaita shi.

M cikakke magani na type 2 ciwon sukari

Ciwon sukari yana tsoron wannan maganin, kamar wuta!

Kawai kawai buƙatar nema ...

Ana fama da cutar sankarar mahaifa 2 a cikin hanyoyi daban-daban. Cikakken magani ga wannan cuta yana kawo kyakkyawan sakamako.

Yakamata mai haƙuri ya lura da yanayinsa koyaushe: lura da nauyi, matsin lamba, da gulukon jini. Abinci yana da matukar muhimmanci.

Don kiyaye tasoshin da jijiyoyin lafiya, ya kamata ku guji dafaffun abinci da mai mai yawa, har ma da abinci mai kyau cikin cholesterol (ƙwai, man shanu). Dole a rage amfani da gishiri da sukari. Idan mai haƙuri ya ji cewa yana samun nauyi, ya kamata a sake duba abincin da gaggawa.

Hakanan motsa jiki yana taka muhimmiyar rawa. Yawancin cututtuka a cikin mutum sun taso daga rashin ƙarfi, saboda haka kuna buƙatar shiga cikin aiki na jiki, yi ayyukan motsa jiki. Tabbatar a yi jarrabawar yau da kullun tare da likita.

Bugu da ƙari, likita ya tsara magunguna waɗanda ke rage matakan sukari kuma suna motsa samar da insulin ta hanyar kyallen takarda. Magunguna masu rage sukari sune Starlix, Metformin, abubuwan asali na thiazolidinone da sauransu.

Bai kamata ku fara shan insulin ba lallai ba. Zai yi matukar wahala ka ƙi shi nan gaba. Rage cin abinci na yau da kullun tare da aiki na jiki na iya rage matakan glucose sosai kuma zai haifar da ci gaban hypoglycemia.

Umarnin don amfani da mita da kuma gwajin gwaji

Mafi mahimmancin na'urar da duk mutumin da yake da ciwon sukari yakamata ya zama glucoseeter. Yana ba ku damar auna matakin glucose a cikin jini da daidaita tsarin abincin daidai da waɗannan alamun. Kuna iya siyanta a kowane kantin magani, kuma kamfanonin inshora da yawa suna biyan kuɗin siyan irin wannan na'urar da tarkacen gwajin.

Anan akwai jagorar mai sauri zuwa amfani da mitir:

Wajibi ne a bincika ka'idodi game da amfani, sannan kuma wanke hannayenka sosai. Da farko dai, wannan ya shafi yankin daga inda mai haƙuri zai ɗauki jini. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana karɓa daga yatsa, amma sabon ƙarni na glucose masu amfani suna ba ka damar amfani da kowane bangare na hannu,
Kwallan auduga yakamata ya sha tare da barasa. Sa'an nan kuma an saka wani tsami na kullu cikin kwandon mit ɗin,
Wajibi ne a goge ragon abin da yakamata a goge samfurin tare da ulu auduga. Babu buƙatar jira har sai ta bushe: wannan zai taimaka don tabbatar da tsaftar ciki,
sannan dole ne ka jira har sai na'urar ta nemi matsi da digo na jini a kan tsirin gwajin,
tare da lancet na musamman, wanda aka haɗa koyaushe, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar digo na jini. Sannan an sanya shi a kan tsiri gwajin.

Yanzu ya rage kawai don jira sakamakon. Lokacin da samfurin ya shiga tsiri kuma mitar ta gano shi, ƙidaya yana farawa. Lokacin jira ya dogara da nau'in na'urar. Na'urorin tsohuwar tsara yawanci suna daukar 20-30 seconds, sababbi sun isa biyar zuwa shida. Lokacin da aka karɓi sakamakon, na'urar zata yi ihu.

Omega mai kyamar Glucometer

A cikin kantin magunguna zaka iya samun kewayon irin waɗannan na'urori. Lokacin zabar, kuna buƙatar kula da duka farashin na'urar da kanta farashin tsararran gwajin. Ofaya daga cikin abin dogara kuma mafi kyawun farashi shine farashin kwastom ɗin Optium Omega.

Daga cikin fa'idodinsa - saurin binciken, wanda bai wuce sek 5 ba, da sauƙin amfani, da kuma damar adana sakamakon gwaje-gwaje hamsin da suka gabata.

Abun da aka samo yana da kyawawa don yin rikodin. Duk da gaskiyar cewa yawancin na'urori masu hankali suna da ikon adana bayanai a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, littafin rubutu tare da alamomi na iya zama mafi dacewa ga masu ciwon sukari. Dole ne a tattauna yawan samfuri na mai ciwon sukari tare da likita.

Sanadin Type 2 Ciwon sukari

Ba a tabbatar da takamaiman abubuwan da ke haifar da ciwon sukari na 2 ba. Masana kimiyya na duniya da ke gudanar da bincike kan wannan batun suna bayyana bayyanar cutar ta ƙetarewar ji da damuwa da adadin masu karɓar sel don insulin: masu karɓar suna ci gaba da amsawa ga insulin, amma raguwa a adadinsu yana rage ƙimar wannan matakin. Rashin lalacewa na samar da insulin baya faruwa, amma iyawar sel din yayi hulda da kwayar dake cikin farji kuma ya tabbatar da cewa cike gurbin glucose ya lalace.

An gano abubuwa da yawa don ci gaban ciwon sukari na 2:

Hadarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari irin 2 ya fi girma yayin samartaka a cikin samari sakamakon canje-canje a matakan hormone,
a cewar kididdigar, mata sun fi haɓaka kamuwa da cututtukan da ba su da insulin-insulin fiye da maza,
mafi yawan lokuta ana samun cutar a cikin wakilan Americanan asalin Afirka na Afirka,
mutane masu kiba sun fi kamuwa da ciwon suga.

Wasu lokuta ana iya lura da cutar a cikin dangi na kusa, duk da haka, bayyananniyar tabbacin game da gado na wannan ilimin cutar ba a halin yanzu ba.

, , , , , , ,

Tare da wasu abubuwan da ke ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, babban rawar da ke cikin ilimin ilimin ilmin halittar cutar an yi shi ta hanyar halaye marasa kyau: rashin motsa jiki, yawan motsa jiki, shan sigari, da dai sauransu ana kuma ɗauka ɗayan abubuwan da ke iya haifar da cutar. Barasa na iya tayar da jijiyoyin jiki, hana haɓakar insulin da ƙara haɓaka da shi, yana lalata hanyoyin rayuwa, kuma yana haifar da lalata hanta da aikin koda.

An gwada shi a gwaji cewa a cikin mutanen da ke fama da matsanancin halin shan giya, ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta rage girmanta, kuma ƙwayoyin beta da ke samar da insulin na hormone suna ƙwanƙwasawa.

Ikon ethanol don saukar da glucose na jini babban haɗari ne ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da ciwon sukari na 2. A cewar kididdigar, 20% na lokuta na hypoglycemic coma suna faruwa ne sakamakon shan giya.

Abin sha'awa shine, faruwar cutar na iya dogaro da maganin shan barasa. Don haka, lokacin shan karamin giya (6-48 g kowace rana), haɗarin kamuwa da cuta yana raguwa, kuma lokacin shan fiye da g 69 na giya a kowace rana, akasin haka, yana ƙaruwa.

Don taƙaitawa, masana sun ƙaddara ƙididdigar yawan barasa:

vodka 40 ° - 50 g / rana,
bushe da Semi-bushe giya - 150 ml / rana,
giya - 300 ml / rana.

Ruwan zaki, kayan ƙwal, barasa, giya da sauran abubuwan sha da ke cikin sukari haramun ne.

Marasa lafiya da ke karɓar insulin ya kamata ya rage yawan sashi bayan shan barasa.

A cikin ɓarna na ƙa'ida, amfani da duk wani abin sha giya ne.

An ba da shawarar shan barasa a kan komai a ciki.

Giya yana da kyau ka zaɓi nau'ikan haske da ƙarancin barasa.

Bayan shan giya, bai kamata ku tafi gado ba tare da kun ci abun ciye-ciye ba. Daga raguwa mai yawa a cikin adadin sukari, ƙwayar cutar hypoglycemic na iya faruwa har a lokacin bacci.

Ana iya haɗu da barasa da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 a ma'ana, amma tunani game da ko wannan ya zama dole?

, , , , , ,

Matsaloli masu saurin kamuwa da cutar siga da kuma sakamako

Tare da wannan cuta, metabolism metabolism yana rushewa, kuma sakamakon irin wannan cutar, gabobin ciki suna fara aiki.

Complicaya daga cikin rikice rikice na ciwon sukari na 2 shine mai ciwon sukari na ketoacidosis. Yana faruwa ne sakamakon gaskiyar cewa ketone jikin ko kayan katsewar kitse suna tarawa a cikin jikin mutum.

Sakamakon haka, mutum na iya rasa hankali lokaci-lokaci, kuma a wasu lokuta ƙarancin ciwon siga na faruwa. Tare da sigar da aka zaɓa yadda yakamata kuma a wasu halaye, za a iya haɓaka hypoglycemia.

Kwakwalwa tana buƙatar glucose don aiki na yau da kullun, kuma tsarin juyayi na tsakiya yana fama da rashi. Hyperglycemia na iya zama wani rikitarwa na ciwon sukari yayin da glucose mai yawa a cikin jiki.

A wasu halayen, wasu matsalolin kiwon lafiya masu tasowa sun taso:

ƙafa mai ciwon sukariwanda ƙafafun mutum ke shafa. Kayan abinci na iya fitowa, wani lokacin na haifar da ƙungiya,
bugun jini, wanda sakamakon illa kewaya,
bugun zuciyasaboda lalacewar tasoshin jijiyoyin jini,
polyneuropathyyana faruwa a kusan rabin masu ciwon sukari.

Lokacin da rikice-rikice suka tashi a cikin mummunan tsari, marasa lafiya suna buƙatar asibiti. An tsara mai haƙuri magunguna, bitamin, kuma idan ya cancanta, ana yin tiyata.

Bayyanar cututtukan Cutar 2

Abubuwan da ke bayyane na farko da ke nuna ci gaban nau'in ciwon sukari 2 sune:

kullum sha'awar sha,
urination ma akai-akai,
Abincin Wolfish
furta hawa da sauka a cikin nauyin jikin mutum a daya shugabanci,
jin bakin ciki da gajiya.

Alamun sakandare sun hada da:

rauni rigakafi, m kwayan cuta,
rarrabuwar gabbai a cikin gabar jiki, pruritus,
karancin gani
samuwar cututtukan mahaifa da gurbataccen yanayi, wadanda suke da wahalar warkewa.

Ciwon sukari na 2 na iya faruwa tare da zaɓuɓɓukan tsananin tsananin:

m digiri - yana yiwuwa a inganta yanayin haƙuri ta hanyar canza ka'idodin abinci mai gina jiki, ko ta amfani da mafi ƙarancin kwatancin guda ɗaya na wakili mai rage sukari a rana,
matsakaici mataki - haɓakawa yana faruwa lokacin amfani da capsules biyu ko uku na maganin rage sukari a rana,
nau'i mai tsanani - ban da magunguna masu rage ƙwayar sukari, dole ne ku nemi wurin gabatarwar insulin.

Ya danganta da karfin jikin mutum na rama matsalar cutar sikeli, akwai matakai uku:

Mataki na rama (wanda ake juyawa).
Mataki mai rauni (wanda ba zai iya juyawa ba).
Matsayi na lalata (raunin da ba zai iya magance shi ba na metabolism).

, , , ,

Bidiyo masu alaƙa

Game da alamu da alamomin ciwon sukari nau'in 1, 2 a cikin bidiyon:

Ba shi yiwuwa a warkar da ciwon sukari na 2 wanda ba shi da insulin, amma idan aka kula da shi sosai, mutumin zai ji ƙoshin lafiya. Abincin da aka zaɓa da kyau, aikin motsa jiki, salon rayuwa mai kyau zai taimaka kawar da alamun rashin jin daɗi da kuma guje wa rikitarwa.

Tashin hankali da sakamako

Tsarin jijiyoyin jiki ya fi haifar da rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari na 2. Baya ga ilimin cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, da dama wasu alamu na iya haɓakawa: asarar gashi, fata bushe, lalacewar yanayin kusoshi, anemia da thrombocytopenia.

Daga cikin mummunan rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari, ya kamata a bayyana abubuwan da ke gaba:

m atherosclerosis, tsokani da keta takewar jini, da kuma wata gabar jiki da kwakwalwa kwakwalwa,
bugun jini
mai aiki mai ɗaukar hoto,
lahani a cikin retina
degenerative tafiyar matakai a cikin jijiya tsokoki da kyallen takarda,
erosive da ulcerative lalacewa ga ƙananan ƙarshen,
cututtuka masu yaduwa (ƙwayoyin cuta da cututtukan fungal waɗanda suke da wuyar magani),
hypoglycemic ko hyperglycemic coma.

, , , , ,

Sakamakon

Sakamakon cewa matakan maganin warkewa a cikin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ana yin kullun don hana yanayin ƙaddamarwa da kuma riƙe yanayin biyan diyya, za mu san kanmu da waɗannan mahimman ra'ayoyin don tantance sakamakon.

Idan matakin jinin jini na mara lafiya ya fi kadan girma fiye da na al'ada, amma babu wani hali na rikice-rikice, to ana daukar wannan yanayin a matsayin diyya, wato, jiki na iya yin fama da rikice-rikicen metabolism.

Idan matakin sukari ya fi ƙarfin halayen da aka yarda da su, kuma ana lura da haɓakar ci gaban rikice-rikice, to wannan yanayin an ce ya lalace: jiki ba zai iya jimrewa ba tare da tallafin likita ba.

Akwai kuma na uku, matsakaici sigar na karatun: yanayin ƙaddamarwa. Don ƙarin madaidaiciyar rabuwa da waɗannan manufofin, muna amfani da tsarin masu zuwa.

, , , , , , , , ,

Sakamakon maganin ciwon sukari na 2

sukari a cikin komai a ciki - har zuwa 6.7 mmol / l,
sukari na tsawon awanni 2 bayan cin abinci - har zuwa 8.9 mmol / l,
cholesterol - har zuwa 5.2 mmol / l,
yawan sukari a cikin fitsari 0%,
nauyin jiki - a cikin iyakoki na al'ada (idan an lasafta shi bisa ga tsarin "girma gusa 100"),
Manuniya na hawan jini - ba ya fi 140/90 mm RT. Art.

, , , , , , , , ,

Subcompensation na nau'in ciwon sukari na 2

sukari matakin a kan komai a ciki - har zuwa 7.8 mmol / l,
matakin sukari na tsawon awa 2 bayan cin abinci - har zuwa 10.0 mmol / l,
alamomin cholesterol - har zuwa 6.5 mmol / l,
yawan sukari a cikin fitsari ya kasa da kashi 0,5%,
nauyin jikin - ya karu da 10-20%,
Alamar saukar jini - ba fiye da 160/95 mm RT ba. Art.

Ciwon mara Ido 2

sukari matakin a kan komai a ciki - fiye da 7.8 mmol / l,
sukari matakin bayan ci abinci - fiye da 10.0 mmol / l,
alamomin cholesterol - fiye da 6.5 mmol / l,
adadin sukari a cikin fitsari ya fi 0.5%,
nauyin jiki - fiye da 20% na al'ada,
Alamar saukar jini - daga 160/95 da sama.

Don hana sauyi daga yanayin biya zuwa wata ƙasa mai lalacewa, yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da hanyoyin sarrafawa da tsarin makirci daidai. Muna magana ne game da gwaje-gwaje na yau da kullun, duka a gida da kuma cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Babban zaɓi shine a bincika matakin sukari sau da yawa a rana: da safe akan komai a ciki, bayan karin kumallo, abincin rana da abincin dare, da kuma ɗan lokaci kafin lokacin bacci. Mafi karancin adadin masu yawanci ne da safe kafin karin kumallo kuma kai tsaye kafin zuwa gado.

Ana ba da shawarar kasancewar sukari da acetone a cikin gwajin fitsari aƙalla sau ɗaya a kowane mako 4. Tare da lalatacciyar jiha - mafi sau da yawa.

Zai yuwu a iya hana sakamakon kamuwa da cutar siga ta 2 idan likitan likitocin suka bi sosai.

Tare da ciwon sukari, zaku iya rayuwa cikakke idan kun bi ka'idodi na musamman game da abinci da salon rayuwa, da kuma shan magunguna wanda likitanku ya umarta, kawai bin tsarin kulawa.

Ka lura sosai da yanayinka, ka bincika matakin jinin suga a kai a kai da kuma karfin jini, da sanya ido a kan nauyin ka.

, , , , , , , ,

Bayyanar Cutar Rana 2

Alamomin asibiti na cututtukan cututtukan cuta na iya haifar da ra'ayin cewa mutum ya kamu da ciwon sukari na 2. Koyaya, wannan bai isa ya tabbatar da cutar ba; dole kuma dole ne a aiwatar da hanyoyin bincike na dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Babban aikin wannan nau'in cutar shine gano keta ayyukan β-cell: wannan shine karuwa a cikin matakan sukari kafin da bayan abinci, kasancewar acetone a cikin fitsari, da dai sauransu Wasu lokuta gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje na iya zama tabbatacce ko da kasancewar babu alamun asibiti: a cikin irin waɗannan halayen, suna yin magana game da wuri gano ciwon sukari.

Za'a iya tantance matakan sukari na jini ta amfani da masu yin gwaji, matakan gwaji, ko kuma mitunan glucose na jini. Af, bisa ga ka'idojin Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya, idan alamomin sukari na jini, sau biyu, a cikin kwanaki daban-daban, sun fi 7.8 mmol / lita, za a iya la'akari da binciken cutar sankara. Ga masana Amurkawa, halayen sun ɗan bambanta: a nan ne suke tabbatar da kamuwa da cuta tare da alamomi sama da mm 7 / lita.

Ana amfani da tsarin gwajin haƙuri na glucose na 2-hour lokacin da aka sami shakku game da daidaito na ganewar asali. Yaya ake aiwatar da wannan hanyar:

na kwana uku kafin binciken, mai haƙuri yana karɓar kimanin g 200 na abinci na carbohydrate kowace rana, kuma zaku iya shan ruwa (ba tare da sukari) ba tare da ƙuntatawa,
Ana yin gwaji a kan komai a ciki, kuma aƙalla sa'o'i goma sun shude tunda abincin na ƙarshe,
ana iya samun jini daga jijiya ko daga yatsa,
Ana tambayar mai haƙuri ya dauki maganin glucose (75 g da gilashin ruwa),
Ana yin gwajin jini sau 5: na farko - kafin amfani da glucose, kazalika da rabin sa'a, awa daya, awa daya da rabi da awa 2 bayan amfani da maganin.

Wasu lokuta ana rage irin wannan binciken ta hanyar gudanar da samin jini a cikin komai a ciki kuma sa'o'i 2 bayan yin amfani da glucose, wato sau biyu.

Gwajin fitsari don sukari ba a yawanci amfani dashi don gano ciwon sukari ba, tunda yawan sukari a cikin fitsari ba koyaushe yake daidai da yawan adadin glucose a cikin ƙwayar jini ba. Bugu da kari, sukari a cikin fitsari na iya bayyana saboda wasu dalilai.

Wataƙila za a iya yin wasa ta hanyar gwajin fitsari don kasancewar jikin ketone.

Me ya kamata mara lafiya ya yi ba tare da lalacewa ba, ban da sarrafa sukari na jini? Bibiya hawan jini kuma lokaci-lokaci ka dauki gwajin cholesterol. Dukkanin alamomi a duka na iya nuna kasancewar ko rashin cutar, kazalika da ingancin diyya don yanayin cutar.

Ana iya aiwatar da gwaje-gwaje don kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 2 tare da ƙarin gwaje-gwaje waɗanda ke ba da dama don gano ci gaban rikitarwa. A saboda wannan dalili, an bada shawarar mai haƙuri don cire ECG, excretory urography, examus fundus.

, , , , , , , , ,

Jiyya don Ciwon Cutar 2

A cikin farkon farkon ci gaban cutar, wani lokaci ya isa ya bi ka'idodin abinci mai gina jiki da kuma shiga cikin motsa jiki na musamman ba tare da amfani da magunguna ba. Yana da mahimmanci don dawo da nauyin jiki zuwa al'ada, wannan zai taimaka wajen dawo da metabolism da kuma daidaita matakan sukari.

Jiyya na matakai na gaba na Pathology yana buƙatar nadin kwayoyi.

Marasa lafiya da ke dauke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na mafi yawanci ana ba su magungunan maganin rigakafi don amfani da ciki. Amincewa da irin wadannan magunguna ana yinsu a kalla sau 1 a rana. Ya danganta da tsananin yanayin, likitan zai iya amfani da magani ba magani daya ba, amma hadewar magunguna.

Mafi yawan magungunan maganin antidiabetic:

tolbutamide (pramidex) - yana iya yin aiki akan hujin, yana kunna ɓarin insulin. Mafi dacewa ga tsofaffi marasa lafiya tare da rama da ƙananan nauyin ciwon sukari na nau'in 2. Sakamakon sakamako masu illa sun hada da rashin lafiyan jijiyoyi da rashin jigilar jundice,
glipizide - wanda aka yi amfani dashi da taka tsantsan don kula da tsofaffi, raunana da kuma raunana marassa lafiya da rashin isasshen adrenal da aikin pituitary,
mannil - yana haɓaka hankalin masu karɓa waɗanda suke tsinkaye insulin. Increara yawan samarda insulin kansa. Ya kamata a fara amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi tare da kwamfutar hannu guda ɗaya, idan ya cancanta, a hankali yana ƙaruwa sashi,
metformin - baya tasiri matakin insulin a cikin jiki, amma yana da ikon canza magunguna ta hanyar rage ratawar insulin da ke ɗaure zuwa insulin kyauta. Sau da yawa ana wajabta wa marasa lafiya masu kiba da kiba. Ba a amfani dashi wajen kula da marasa lafiya da nakasasshen aikin na koda,
acarbose - yana hana narkewa da kuma narkewar carbohydrates a cikin ƙananan hanji kuma, a wannan batun, yana ƙaruwa da haɓakar haɗarin sukari jini bayan shigar abinci na carbohydrate. Bai kamata a rubuta wani magani don cuta ta hanji ba, da kuma lokacin daukar ciki,
shirye-shiryen magnesium - motsa jiki don samar da insulin ta hanyar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, yana daidaita matakin sukari a cikin jiki.

Hakanan ana yarda da haɗuwa da kwayoyi, misali:

yin amfani da metmorphine tare da glipizide,
amfani da metamorphine tare da insulin,
haɗuwa da metamorphine tare da thiazolidinedione ko nateglinide.

Abin takaici, a cikin yawancin marasa lafiya da ke fama da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 na irin wannan, magunguna da ke sama suna rasa tasirirsu. A irin waɗannan yanayi, dole ne ku canza zuwa amfani da kuɗin insulin.

Ana iya ba da insulin cikin nau'in 2 na ciwon sukari na ɗan lokaci (na wasu yanayi mai raɗaɗi) ko kullun, lokacin da maganin da ya gabata tare da magungunan kwamfutar hannu ba shi da tasiri.

Tabbas, yakamata a fara amfani da maganin insulin kawai idan likita ya wajabta magani. Zai zabi maganin da yakamata kuma ya tsara yadda za'a kula da shi.

Ana iya tsara insulin don sauƙaƙe diyya na matakan sukari na jini kamar yadda zai yiwu don hana ci gaba da rikitarwa na cutar. A cikin waɗanne lokuta likita zai iya canja wurin maganin ƙwayar cuta zuwa maganin insulin:

tare da rashin saurin asarar nauyin jiki,
tare da haɓaka bayyanannun bayyanannun cutar,
tare da isasshen diyya don maganin cutar tare da maganin da ake amfani da shi na yau da kullun magunguna masu rage sukari.

An tsara shirin insulin ne ta hanyar likitan halartar. Wannan na iya zama mai sauri, tsaka-tsaki ko tsawan insulin, wanda ke gudana ta hanyar allurar subcutaneous daidai da tsarin kulawa da kwararrun likitocin suka gabatar.

Darasi

Manufar motsa jiki don kamuwa da cututtukan type 2 shine yin tasiri ga ingantawar sukari jini, kunna aikin insulin, inganta ayyukan jijiyoyin jini da kuma tsarin numfashi, da kuma motsa hankali. Bugu da kari, motsa jiki kyakkyawar rigakafin cututtukan jijiyoyin bugun gini.

Ana iya ba da aikin motsa jiki don kowane nau'in ciwon sukari. Tare da haɓaka cututtukan zuciya da bugun zuciya ko ciwon zuciya tare da ciwon sukari, motsa jiki na motsa jiki suna canzawa, an ba waɗannan cututtukan.

Contraindications zuwa aikin jiki na iya haɗawa:

hauhawar jini (fiye da mm 16.5 / lita),
fitsari acetone
jihar precomatous.

Ayyukan motsa jiki a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda ke kan gado na hutu, amma ba a matakin ƙaddamarwa ba, ana aiwatar da su a cikin ɗayan supine. Sauran marasa lafiya suna yin azuzuwan yayin tsayawa ko zaune.

Classes farawa tare da daidaitattun motsa jiki don tsokoki na sama da na baya da kuma gangar jikin ba tare da nauyi ba. Don haka haɗa nau'ikan azuzuwan ta amfani da juriya da nauyi, ta amfani da mai faɗaɗa, dumbbells (har zuwa kilogiram 2) ko ƙwallon motsa jiki.

Ana lura da sakamako mai kyau daga motsa jiki na numfashi. Hakanan ana maraba da tafiya, tafiya, keke, motsa ruwa, wasan kankara, da kuma kan tsalle.

Yana da mahimmanci sosai cewa mara lafiyar, wanda ke tsunduma cikin ilimin ilimin motsa jiki a kashin kansa, ya kula da yanayin nasa. Tare da haɓaka ji na yunwa, rauni na kwatsam, rawar jiki a cikin gabar, yakamata ku ƙare aikin kuma ku tabbata kuna ci. Bayan al'ada, ana kashe gobe don sake fara azuzuwan, koyaya, rage nauyi.

, , , , , , , ,

Duk da shan magungunan sukari na jini, hanyar abinci don masu ciwon sukari yana da mahimmanci.Wasu lokuta siffofin masu laushi na cutar za a iya sarrafa su ta hanyar abinci kawai, ba tare da ma nemi amfani da magunguna ba. Daga cikin sanannun teburin magani, kayan abinci don maganin ciwon sukari na 2 an bayyana shi a matsayin abinci mai lamba 9. Magunguna na wannan abincin ana nufin su dawo da lalacewar matakai na rayuwa.

Abinci don masu ciwon sukari na 2 ya kamata a daidaita su kuma yin la'akari da yawan adadin kuzari abinci. Mafi kyawun adadin kuzari na yau da kullum ya dogara da nauyin jiki:

nauyi na yau da kullun - daga 1600 zuwa 2500 kcal,
karin nauyi - daga 1300 zuwa 1500 kcal,
kiba daga digiri na II-III - daga 1000 zuwa 1200 kcal,
Kiba mara nauyi na IV - daga 600 zuwa 900 kcal.

Amma koyaushe ba koyaushe zai iyakance kanka a cikin adadin kuzari. Misali, tare da cututtukan koda, mummunan arrhythmias, raunin hankali, gout, cututtukan hanta mai tsanani, abinci ya zama mai gina jiki.

An bada shawara don barin carbohydrates mai sauri, iyakance yawan abinci mai da gishiri.

, , , , , , , , ,

Rashin ƙarfi

Theungiyar likitocin kiwon lafiya da zamantakewar al'umma sun yanke shawarar ko a sanya nakasa don nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, wanda likitan halartar likitan likitancin ya ambata ne. Wato, zaku iya tsammanin likita zai yanke hukuncin cewa kuna buƙatar neman neman nakasa, amma zaku iya dage kan kanku, kuma likitan ba shi da haƙki ya ƙi ku.

Kawai gaskiyar cewa ba ku da lafiya tare da ciwon sukari ba ya ba ku damar samun nakasa ba. An bayar da wannan matsayin ne kawai idan akwai wani batun keta wasu ayyukan jiki, waɗanda ke iyakance ƙarshen aikin mai haƙuri. Yi la'akari da ƙa'idodi don sanya nakasassu:

An samar da rukuni na III don m zuwa matsakaici na cutar tare da kasancewar rikicewar matsakaici wanda ke haifar da cikakken motsi ko ikon yin aiki. Idan ciwon sukari yana kan aiwatar da diyya kuma ba ku ɗauki insulin ba, to ba a yarda da tawaya ba,
An bayar da rukuni na II ga marasa lafiya da ke da matsala ta rashin ƙarfi (retinopathy na digiri na II-III, ƙarancin renal, neuropathy na digiri na II, encephalopathy, da sauransu),
Za'a iya samar da rukunin I zuwa ga marasa lafiya masu rauni tare da cikakkiyar makanta, gurgu, mummunan raunin kwakwalwa, ƙarancin zuciya, da kuma kasusuwa na ƙafa. Irin waɗannan marasa lafiya a rayuwar yau da kullun ba za su iya yin hakan ba tare da taimakon waje ba.

Ana ba da ƙungiyar tawaya bayan nazarin haƙuri daga likitocin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun (da ake kira kwamiti), waɗanda suka yanke shawara ko za su sanya ƙungiyar don tsawon lokacin, sannan kuma tattauna zaɓuɓɓuka don matakan lamuran da suka dace.

Tabbataccen kara akan rashin lafiya ga kwamitin kwararru yakamata ya hada da:

sakamakon wani babban binciken fitsari da jini,
sakamakon bincike na sukari na jini kafin da kuma bayan abinci,
gwajin fitsari don acetone da sukari,
na koda da hepatic ilmin dabbobi
ECG
Thearshen ophthalmologist, neuropathologist, therapist, likita mai fiɗa.

Daga bayanan baki ɗaya kuna iya buƙatar:

bayanin da aka rubuta a madadin mara lafiya,
fasfo
shugabanci da likita ya umarta,
katin likita wanda yake dauke da tarihin cutar gaba daya,
takardar shaidar ilimi,
hoto na littafin aiki
bayanin yanayin yanayin aiki.

Idan ana neman sabuntawa na nakasa, ana buƙatar takardar shaidar da ke nuna cewa kai nakasasshe ne, da kuma shirin sakewa da aka sanya maka tun farko.

, , , ,

Ko da kuwa an ba ka tawaya ko a'a, za ka iya neman magungunan insulin kyauta da sauran fa'idodi don ciwon sukari na 2.

Me kuma kuke da 'yancin a:

suna karbar sirinji da magunguna masu rage kuzari,
fin so na gwaji na glucose da na'urori don auna sukari na jini,
sa hannu cikin gyara na zaman jama'a (sauƙaƙe yanayin aiki, horo a wata sana'a, maimatawa),
wurin dima jiki magani.

Idan nakasance ne, zaku sami taimakon kuɗi (fensho).

Sun ce cutar sankarau ba cuta ba ce, amma hanya ce ta rayuwa. Sabili da haka, dole ne marasa lafiya su daidaita da cutar sankara, kula da abinci mai kyau, saka idanu kan nauyin jikinsu, lura da yanayin su a kai a kai tare da yin gwaje-gwaje. Da kyau, nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 cuta ce mai rikitarwa da gaske, kuma kawai kulawarka game da kanka zai iya taimaka maka rayuwa mai cike da aiki muddin ya yiwu.