Hawan jini: jiyya na zamani ya kusanto

Ka'idojin ka'idodin jiyya na hauhawar jini.

1. Kafin farawa da mai haƙuri, likita dole ne ya ƙayyade matakin matsa lamba na jini (ma'aunin 5-10) da safe, lokacin da kuma ƙarshen ranar aiki, bayan ƙarfin motsa jiki da ta jiki. Mafi kyawun magani shine la'akari da bayanan kulawa na yau da kullun (bayanin martaba) na hawan jini.

2. Kulawa da marasa lafiya da ke fama da cutar I hauhawar jini a jijiya yawanci ana yin ta ne ta hanyoyin da ba magunguna ba. A cikin rashin sakamako, ana ba da magani ga likita bayan makonni 12-16.

3. Magungunan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta yawanci ana tsara shi a matakai, yana farawa daga bambancin monotherapy, kuma idan ba shi da tasiri, ana tsara haɗuwa da magungunan rigakafi. A cikin hauhawar jini mai saurin motsa jiki, ana yin allurar rigakafin maganin kai tsaye nan da nan.

4. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana buƙatar tsawaita aikin rigakafi tare da ɗakunan kulawa na mutum, duk da haka, a yanayin hawan jini mai saurin motsa jiki, a wasu halaye yana yiwuwa a soke magungunan antihypertensive na wani lokaci na gaba da tushen maganin rashin magani.

5. Yakamata a rage karfin jini a hankali, musamman a cikin tsofaffi da kuma matsanancin hauhawar jini. Rage hawan jini a cikin marasa lafiya na wannan rukunin yana cutar da mahaifa, jijiyoyin jini da kuma yadawar jini na koda.

Yakamata a lura da nasara kamar yadda karfin jini ya ragu zuwa 140/90 mmHg. Art. a yanayin saukan hauhawar jini na systolic-diastolic har zuwa 140-160 / 70-90 mm RT. Art. tare da systolic, ko har zuwa dabi'u, 15% ƙasa da na asali. Rage saukar karfin jini zuwa dabi'un da aka nuna yana rage cutar jiki da mace-mace da ke da alaƙa da shanyewar jiki, na koda da gazawar zuciya, kuma yana hana ci gaban hauhawar jini.

A yayin jiyya, dole ne a yi la’akari da abubuwan haɗari don cututtukan zuciya na zuciya (raunin glucose, shan taba, hypercholesterolemia, hauhawar jini na ventricular hagu). Yin amfani da magungunan antihypertensive wanda ke keta haƙurin glucose, mai illa ga lafiyar metabolism da sauran abubuwan haɗari, yana buƙatar taka tsantsan da kuma kyakkyawan dalilin. Daga cikin magungunan antihypertensive, yana da kyau a ba da fifiko ga magungunan da ke rage hawan ventricular hagu.

Ba zaku iya dakatar da magani ba da kwatsam kuma ku soke magungunan antihypertensive, wanda zai iya haifar da "janyewar ciwo" da ƙarin haɓakar hawan jini, lalatawar jini a cikin gabobin mahimmanci.

Daga adadi mai yawa na magungunan rigakafi, ya zama dole don ƙididdige yawan kwayoyi masu yawa (ingantacce, tare da ƙananan sakamako masu illa waɗanda ake samu) da kuma bin su, suna fitar da ingantaccen ɗaiɗaikun ƙwayoyi sannan kuma suturar tabbatarwa. Sabbin kwayoyi ba koyaushe ba ne mafi kyau kuma mafi inganci, kodayake watakila mafi yawan gaye.

Yana da Dole a lura da ci gaba da aikin outpatient da inpatient jiyya.

Alamu don maganin mara lafiya:

Rikici mai hauhawar jini yana da ƙarfi da matsakaici.

Increaseara yawan tashe-tashen hankula masu hauhawar yanayi dangane da tushen aikin jiyya don bayyana abubuwan da ke haifar da tashe-tashen hankula da zaɓin maganin rashin lafiya.

Rashin raguwar hauhawar jini, duk da hadaddun jiyya akan marasa lafiyar.

Bukatar tantance ikon yin haƙuri da aiki da kuma warkewar hauhawar ƙwayar cuta.

Shirin jiyya don hauhawar jini:

Cire mummunan halin psycho-psycho da psychosocial damuwa yanayi.

Magungunan marasa magani

Magungunan ƙwayar cuta.

Inganta hawan jini na jijiyar wuya (lura da garkuwar garkuwar jiki na cerebroangio).

Jiyya na rikitarwa: taimako daga rikice-rikice na tashin hankali, rikicewar ƙwayar cuta, gazawar ventricular hagu, gazawar koda na koda, gazawar ƙwayar cuta.

Magungunan marasa magani

Mafi yawan abin ƙarfafawa cikin hauhawar jini shine lambar abinci hypersodium 10g. Babban ka'idodin abinci mai warkewa don hauhawar jini sune:

tare da kiba mai narkewa - ƙuntatawa kalori kowace rana,

antiatherosclerotic mayar da hankali kan abinci,

Rage yawan shan ruwa zuwa lita 1-1.5 a rana,

rage abun cikin gishiri. Amfani da 1-3 g na gishiri a kowace rana ana ɗauka maras kyau, "ingantacce" - 2-5 g, matsakaici - 8-12 g, babba - fiye da 15 g,

rage yawan kitse mai cike da abinci da wadatar abinci da mai mai yawa wanda ke taimakawa rage karfin jini, matsakaici,

Inganta abinci da samfuran dake dauke da sinadarin magnesium da potassium, tunda suna da saurin fitowa daga jiki gaba daya daga tsarin abincin da ake amfani da shi,

hadawa a cikin abincin abinci mai wadatar abubuwa masu narkewa da membranes na sel, da kuma abincin kifin (kifin teku, kifayen, lobsters, shrimps, ruwan teku),

akai-akai madadin tsarin abinci na hyponatrium tare da abincin magnesium, wanda aka wajabta shi a cikin nau'ikan abinci uku don kwanaki 3-4 kowane.

Tsarin nauyi na jiki

Rage nauyi a cikin mutane masu girman jiki na iya haifar da daidaituwa da hauhawar jini a cikin matsanancin hauhawar jini. Tare da matsakaici da kuma girma karuwa a cikin jini a cikin mutane masu kiba, normalization na jiki jiki ƙãra tasiri na magani hypotensive far, rage hagu ventricular hauhawar jini.

Iyakance yawan barasa da shan sigari

A cikin adadi mai yawa, barasa yana da tasirin vasopressor kai tsaye. Shan taba sigari wani haɗari ne na haɗarin hauhawar jini.

Motsa jiki mai motsa jiki

Idan yanayin janar ya ba da izini, mai haƙuri ya kamata ya ba da shawarar motsa jiki na yau da kullun na motsa jiki. Ayyukan motsa jiki na dan lokaci kadan (tafiya, gudu, iyo, hawan keke, tsalle-tsalle, kunna wasan tennis, wasan kwallon raga) suna haifar da raguwar hauhawar jini ba tare da la'akari da asarar nauyi ba ko canje-canje a cikin motsa jiki na sodium. Ayyukan Isotonic (gudana tare da tsalle-tsalle, yin iyo) sun fi dacewa da aikin motsa jiki na isometric (ɗaga nauyi, ɗaga nauyi.

Psychorelaxation, hankali psychotherapy

Hauhawar jijiyar jijiya wata alama ce ta maganin acupuncture. Acupuncture yana taimakawa wajen daidaita sautin cibiyar vasomotor, tsarin juyayi mai juyayi, tsarin endocrine, wanda ke haifar da raguwar hauhawar jini.

Canjin rayuwa

Tushen maganin rashin magani shine kawar da abubuwanda ke kara hawan jini da kara hadarin cututtukan zuciya. An bada shawarar canje-canje na rayuwa ga duk marasa lafiya da ke fama da hauhawar jini. A cikin mutane ba tare da dalilai masu haɗari ba, tare da lambobin hawan jini wanda ya dace da digiri na 1 na hauhawar jini, kawai ana amfani da wannan hanyar maganin. Kimanta sakamakon bayan 'yan watanni. Tare da haɓakar matsin lamba zuwa digiri 2 ba tare da dalilai masu haɗari ko 1 digiri ba, amma tare da 1-2 FRs, dabarun jira-da-gani sun nace tsawon makonni da yawa.

Lafiya Jiki

Ko da kuwa yanayin cutar, ana sanya abincin da ke wadatar cikin potassium tare da ƙuntatawa na gishiri da ruwa - tebur No. 10. A lokaci guda, abinci mai gina jiki ya zama cikakke, amma ba wuce kima ba. Yawan gishirin cinyewa a rana kada ya wuce 6-8 g, da kyau - ba fiye da g 5. Ruwan ya takaita zuwa lita 1-1.2. Wannan ya hada da tsaftataccen ruwa, abubuwan sha, da kuma ruwan da yake cikin abinci (miya).

Yana da kyau a ware daga abincin ku na ciwan zuciyar zuciya: kofi, shayi mai karfi, koko, cakulan, abinci mai yaji, naman da aka sata, da kuma kitse na dabbobi. Ruwan madara da kayan lambu, hatsi suna da amfani, zaku iya cin naman da kifi mai ƙoshi. A bu mai kyau a hada da zabibi, busassun apricots, prunes, zuma da sauran abinci masu wadataccen potassium a cikin abincin. Nutsayoyi iri iri, lemo, oatmeal suna da wadatar magnesium, waɗanda ke tasiri sosai ga yanayin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.

Rayuwa mai aiki

Mutanen da ke jagorancin salon rayuwa suna buƙatar magance rashin aiki na jiki. Koyaya, aikin jiki zai kasance da amfani ga kowa. Ana ƙara sauke nauyin a hankali. Wasannin motsa jiki suna da dacewa: yin iyo, tafiya, gudu, hawan keke. Yawan horo - aƙalla minti 30 a kowace rana. Yana da kyau kuyi ta yau da kullun, amma kuna iya yin hutu na kwanaki 1-2. Dukkanta ya dogara ne akan iyawar mutum da kuma matsayin dacewa. Za'a iya kawar da madafun iko, saboda suna iya tsokanar hauhawar matsin lamba.

Yaki da karin fam

A cikin yaki da kiba, abinci mai dacewa da aikin jiki zai taimaka. Amma idan wannan bai isa ba ko kuma nauyin yana da girma sosai, to ana iya amfani da shirye-shirye na musamman: Orlistat, Xenical. A wasu halaye, komawa zuwa aikin tiyata. Ofaya daga cikin zaɓuɓɓuka don tiyata shine jejunocolonostomy (tiyata na ciki), wanda ya ba ka damar kashe ciki daga narkewa. Na biyu aiki ne a tsaye bandage gastroplasty. A saboda wannan, ana amfani da zobba na musamman waɗanda aka saita akan jikin ciki, don haka rage ƙarar sa. Bayan irin wannan magani, mutum ba zai sake cin abinci mai yawa ba.

Rage nauyi ya zama dole a karkashin kulawar likita ko masanin abinci mai gina jiki. Mafi kyawun yanayi shine raguwa a cikin nauyin jiki na wata ɗaya ta kilogiram na 2-4, amma ba fiye da 5 kg ba. Wannan shine mafi yawan ilimin halittar jiki, kuma jikin yana kulawa don daidaitawa da irin waɗannan canje-canje. Rage nauyi mai nauyi na iya zama haɗari.

Mummunan halaye da damuwa

Don cin nasarar magance hauhawar jini, kuna buƙatar kawar da munanan halaye. Don yin wannan, daina shan sigari kuma daina shan giya. Tare da matsananciyar damuwa da aiki tuƙuru, kuna buƙatar koyon yadda za ku iya shakatawa kuma ku dace da yanayin da ba daidai ba. Duk wata hanya da ta dace da wannan: horo na kanikanci, shawarwari na masanin ilimin halayyar dan adam ko psychotherapist, azuzuwan yoga. A cikin lokuta masu tsauri, ana iya amfani da magungunan psychotropic. Amma babban abinda yake shine hutawa da bacci.

Magungunan magani

Magungunan zamani suna da tasiri sosai a cikin yaƙar hauhawar jini da rikice-rikice. Tambayar alƙawarin kwayoyi ta taso ne lokacin da salon rayuwa bai haifar da sakamako mai kyau ba tare da hauhawar jini a aji na 1 da 2 ba tare da dalilai masu haɗari ba. A duk sauran halayen, ana wajabta magani nan da nan, kamar yadda ake yin maganin cutar.

Zaɓin ƙwayoyi suna da yawa sosai, kuma an zaɓi su daban-daban ga kowane mai haƙuri. Tabletaya daga cikin kwamfutar hannu ya isa ga mutum, akalla biyu ko ma magunguna uku an nuna wa ɗayan. A kan aiwatar da magani, ana iya canza kwayoyi, ƙara, cirewa; karuwa kashi ko raguwa mai yiwuwa.

Abu daya ya kasance ba canzawa - lura ya kamata ya kasance akai. Ba a yarda da cire magani ko sauyawa ba. Duk al'amuran da suka shafi zabin maganin za su yanke shawara ne kawai daga likitan halartar.

Abubuwa da yawa sun haifar da zaɓin magani:

• akwai abubuwan dake tattare da hadarin da kuma yawan su,
• mataki na hauhawar jini
• digiri na lalacewar zuciya, tasoshin jini, kwakwalwa da kodan,
• consolitant na kullum cututtuka
• kwarewa ta baya tare da kwayoyi masu kare cututtukan jini,
• karfin kudi na mai haƙuri.

ACE masu hanawa

Wannan shine rukuni na shahararrun ƙwayoyi don lura da mahimmancin hauhawar jini. Wadannan masu hana ACE masu zuwa sun tabbatar da sakamako a aikace:

• ingantaccen raguwa da sarrafa hawan jini,
• rage hadarin rikitarwa daga zuciya da jijiyoyin jini,
• cardio da sakamako nephroprotective,
• rage gudu na canje-canje a cikin gabobin manufa,
• ingantaccen tsinkaya don haɓakar raunin zuciya.

ACE inhibitors yana hana ayyukan renin-angiotensin-aldosterone tsarin (RAAS) ta hanyar toshe enzyme na angiotensin. Haka kuma, angiotensin II ba a kafa shi daga angiotensin I ba. Wannan yana haɗuwa tare da raguwa a matsin lamba, jinkirin, har ma da raguwa a cikin hauhawar hauhawar jini na ventricular myocardial.

A bangon baya na jiyya, musamman mai tsawo, sabon abu na “ratsewa” na tasirin antihypertensive. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa masu hana ACE ba su toshe hanyar ta biyu don samuwar angiotensin II ta amfani da wasu enzymes (chymases) a gabobin da kyallen takarda. Sakamakon sakamako mai yawa wanda ba shi da amfani sosai na irin waɗannan kwayoyi shine ciwon makogwaro da bushe tari.

Zabi na masu hana ACE yayi yawa a yau:

• ennalapril - Enap, Burlipril, Renipril, Renitek, Enam,
• Lisinopril - Diroton, Lysoril, Diropress, Lister,
• Amman - Amprilan, Hartil, Dilaprel, Pyramil, Tritace,
• fosinopril - duniya, Fosicard,
• perindopril - Prestarium, Perineva, Parnavel,
• zofenopril - Zokardis,
• hinapril - Akkupro,
• captopril - Kapoten - wanda aka yi amfani da shi don rikice-rikice.

A farkon jiyya, ana amfani da ƙananan allurai, wanda sannu a hankali yana ƙaruwa. Don cimma sakamako tabbatacce, yana ɗaukar lokaci, a matsakaici, daga makonni 2 zuwa 4. Wannan rukuni na kwayoyi an contraindicated a cikin mata masu juna biyu, tare da wuce haddi na potassium a cikin jini, na biyu na koda koda arten stenosis, angioedema a kan tushen yin amfani da irin wannan kwayoyi a baya.

Angiotensin II mai karɓar karɓa mai karɓa (ARBs, sartans)

Ga magungunan wannan rukuni, duk tasirin da aka lura a cikin masu hana ACE halaye ne. A wannan yanayin, aikin RAAS shima ya rushe, amma saboda gaskiyar cewa masu karɓar raunin da ke tattare da angiotensin II sun zama marasa hankali a gare shi. Sakamakon wannan, ARB ba shi da sakamako mai narkewa, tun da miyagun ƙwayoyi yana aiki ba tare da yin la’akari da hanyar da Angiotensin II ya kirkira ba. Cutar bushewar ƙasa ba ta zama ruwan dare gama gari, saboda haka sartan sune mafi kyawun zaɓi ga masu hana ACE don haƙurin baya.

Babban wakilan sartan:

• losartan - Lorista, Lozap, Lozarel, Presartan, Blocktran, Vazotens, Cozaar,
• valsartan - Valz, Valsacor, Diovan, Nortian,
• Irbesartan - Aprovel,
• azilsartan medoxomil - edarby,
• Telmisartan - Mikardis,
• Eprosartan - Teveten,
• Olmesartan Medoxomil - Cardosal,
• Candesartan - Atacand.

Masu Kalmar Calcium

Babban tasirin wannan rukunin masu amfani da ƙwayar cuta yana da alaƙa da raguwar ciwan alli a cikin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki mai santsi. Wannan yana rage azanci na bango na jijiya ga aikin abubuwan abubuwan vasoconstrictor. Vasodilation yana faruwa kuma jimlar adadin ƙarfinsu yana raguwa.

Magungunan ba su shafar matakan haɓakawa a cikin jiki, sun ba da kariya ga sashin jiki, da rage haɗarin ƙwanƙwasa jini (sakamako na antiplatelet). Masu kwantar da hankali na Calcium suna rage yiwuwar haɓaka bugun jini, jinkirin haɓakar atherosclerosis, kuma sun sami damar rage LVH. An fi son irin waɗannan kwayoyi don raunin haɓakar systolic.

Masu rarrabuwar alli sun kasu kashi uku:

1. Dihydropyridines. Suna aiki da zaɓuɓɓuka akan bango na jijiyoyin bugun gini ba tare da yin tasiri kan tsarin bugun zuciya da kwanciyar hankali ba.
2. Phenylalkylamines suna yin aiki ne a zuci, suna yin jinkirin aiwatar da zuciya, da rage yawaitar da karfin bugun zuciya. Karka yi aiki a kan jiragen ruwa na gefe. Wannan ya hada da verapamil - Isoptin, Finoptin.
3. Benzodiazepines yana gab da tasiri ga verapamil, amma kuma suna da tasiri na vasodilating - Diltiazem.

Masu maganin antioxidine na dishydropyridine masu yin gajere.Wannan ya hada da nifedipine da misalanta: Cordaflex, Korinfar, Punyeidin, Nifecard. Magungunan yana ɗaukar awoyi 3-4 kawai kuma a halin yanzu ana amfani dashi don rage karfin jini da sauri. Don ci gaba da jiyya, ana amfani da nifedipines na tsawan aikin: Nifecard CL, Cordaflex retard, Korinfar UNO, Calcigard retard, da sauransu.

Don lura da hauhawar jini na yau da kullun, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da amlodipine, wanda ke da yawancin analogues: Tenox, Stamlo, Kulchek, Norvask, Normodipine. Drugsarin magungunan zamani sune: felodipine (Felodip, Plendil) da lercanidipine (Lerkamen, Zanidip).

Amma duk dihydroperidins suna da ɗaya ba da kyau sosai dukiya - suna iya haifar da kumburi, galibi akan kafafu. A ƙarni na farko, ana lura da wannan gefen sakamako sau da yawa, a cikin felodipine da lercanidipine, wannan ba shi da yawa.

Diltiazem da verapamil ba a amfani dasu don magance hauhawar jini. Amfani da su ya barata tare da angina pectoris concomitant, tachycardia, idan B-blockers suna contraindicated.

Rashin daidaito (diuretics)

Diuretics suna taimakawa jiki wajen kawar da yawan sodium da ruwa, kuma wannan yana haifar da raguwar hauhawar jini. Yawancin lokuta ana amfani da ita shine diuretic thiazide - hydrochlorothiazide (Hypothiazide). Ana amfani da Thiazide kamar diuretics: indapamide (Ravel, Arifon), ɗan lokaci kaɗan, chlortalidone. Ana amfani da ƙananan allurai musamman a haɗe tare da sauran magungunan antihypertensive don haɓaka sakamako.

Idan maganin antihypertensive bai da inganci, ana iya kara karɓar maganin aldosterone na antagonists, veroshpiron zuwa magani. Wani sabon diure dipetic - torasemide (Diuver, Trigrim, Britomar) shima yana da aikin anti-aldosterone. Wadannan kwayoyi suna tsaka tsaki na rayuwa. Veroshpiron yana riƙe da potassium a cikin jikin mutum, torasemide shima baya cire shi sosai. Wadannan diuretics suna da tasiri musamman don rage matsin lamba a cikin mutanen da ke da kiba sosai waɗanda ke da tasirin aldosterone a jiki. Kada kuyi ba tare da waɗannan kudade ba kuma tare da raunin zuciya.

B-masu hanawa

Wadannan kwayoyi suna toshe masu karɓar adrenergic (β₁ da β₂), wanda ke rage tasirin tsarin juyayi a zuciya. A lokaci guda, mita da ƙarfin rikicewar zuciya na raguwa, da katange renin a ƙodan. A ware don kula da hauhawar jini, wannan rukunin ba kasafai ake amfani dashi ba, kawai a gaban tachycardia. B-blockers ana ba da umarni sau da yawa ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da angina pectoris, infarction myocardial, ko tare da haɓakar bugun zuciya.

Wannan rukunin ya hada da:

• bisoprolol - Kamfani, Bidop, Coronal, Niperten, Cordinorm,
• metoprolol - Egilok, Metocardium, Vasocardine, Betalok,
• nebivalol - Nebilet, Bivotens, Nebilong, Binelol,
• carlabara - Coriol, Carvenal,
• betaxolol - Lokren, Betoptik.

Contraindication don amfani shine asma mai lalata hanji da ganewar toshewar digiri 2-3.

Imidazoline masu karɓar rabarwar

Wannan karamin aji na antihypertensive magunguna yana da tasiri akan tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, musamman, akan I na musamman₂-imidazoline medulla masu karɓa. Sakamakon haka, ayyukan tsarin juyayi mai juyayi yana raguwa, hawan jini yana raguwa, zuciya tana kwantawa sau da yawa. Yana da tasiri mai kyau a kan ƙwayar carbohydrate da mai mai, a kan kwakwalwa, zuciya da kodan.

Babban wakilan wannan rukunin sune moxonidine (Moxarel, Tenzotran, Physiotens, Moxonitex) da rilmenidine (Albarel). An ba da shawarar don amfani a cikin marasa lafiya tare da kiba da ciwon sukari mellitus a hade tare da wasu kwayoyi. Moxonidine ya tabbatar da kansa a matsayin taimakon gaggawa don rikice-rikice da kuma karuwar matsin lamba.

Wadannan magungunan suna contraindicated idan akwai wani rashin lafiya sinus syndrome, bradycardia mai rauni (bugun zuciya kasa da 50), a cikin zuciya da koda, gazawa, har ma da ciwo mai narkewa.

Kafaffen haɗuwa

Babban amfani shine ingantattun hadaddun magunguna na zamani. Yana da matukar dacewa a yi amfani da su, tunda an rage adadin allunan da aka dauka. Mafi na kowa sune ACE ko ARB inhibitors tare da diuretics, ƙarancin amfani da amlodipine. Akwai haɗuwa da B-blockers tare da diuretics ko amlodipine. Akwai haɗuwa sau uku, gami da ACN inhibitor, diuretic da amlodipine.

Kammalawa

Hawan jini ba magana bane. Tare da ƙaddamar da lokaci na tsari mai rikitarwa, ciki har da hanyoyin da ba magunguna ba da magunguna na zamani, hasashen yana da kyau. Ko da tare da cutar mataki na III, lokacin da gabobin da abin ya shafa ke tasiri sosai, zaku iya tsawaita rayuwar mutum tsawon shekaru.

Amma a lokaci guda, kar a manta game da lura da cututtukan da ke tattare da cuta, irin su cutar mellitus, ciwon zuciya, da sauransu. Don magance atherosclerosis, ana amfani da statins bugu da ,ari, ana ba da magungunan antiplatelet (asfirin) don hana thrombosis. Samun wannan burin zai yuwu ne kawai tare da bin umarnin likita.

Me yasa hauhawar jini?

Rashin hauhawar jini cuta ce da aka alaƙar da ita, watau, karuwa a cikin hawan jini (BP). Cutar na faruwa ne tsakanin shekarun 40 zuwa 50, amma akwai kara da yawa yayin da aka tabbatar da cutar a ƙuruciya - wannan saboda yawan ɗabi'u ne marasa kyau, keta hurcin bacci da tashin bacci, abinci mai ƙoshin lafiya, da kuma rashin lafiyar.

A cikin kulawa da gida, ana amfani da tinctures iri-iri daga ganyayyaki, alal misali, shayi daga chamomile, Mint, koren shayi, ƙwanƙwasa fure na viburnum, ash ash. Amfani da su na yau da kullun na iya ƙarfafa bango na jijiyoyin bugun jini kuma ya sa matsewar ta zama barga

Akwai manyan nau'ikan wannan cuta guda biyu - hauhawar jini da farko. Babban hawan jini shine mafi ban sha'awa dangane da abubuwan da ke haifar da dalilai na asibiti, yana lissafin sama da 90% na duk ziyarar da likitoci ke yi game da hawan jini. Wannan haɓakar haɓakar jini ne, wanda ya faru akan nasa, ba tare da cututtukan da suka gabata ba. Ba shi da takamaiman sanadin kwayoyin halitta, kuma pathogenesis mai rikitarwa kuma yana haifar da mummunan sake zagayowar. Babban aikin yana taka leda ne ta hanyar samar da renin, wanda aka canza shi zuwa angiotensin ta hanyar aikin ACE (angiotensin yana canza enzyme). Wannan yana haifar da sakin mai ƙarfin vasoconstrictor, angiotensin II, wanda ke haifar da tasirin sakamako. Jiyya alama ce ta cuta ko pathogenetic (da nufin karya ɓarna da'irar).

Hauhawar jini na sakandare yana da dalili bayyananne - yana da cutar farko wacce ke shafar ɗayan tsarin da ke daidaita karfin jini. Wannan na iya zama wani tsarin ilimin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, kodan, tsarin endocrine (ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta ciki ko kuma adrenal gland, wani lokacin ƙwayar thyroid). Jiyya na hauhawar jini na sakandare yana la'akari da etiology, gaskiyar dalilin. Matsin lamba yana raguwa, amma babban aikin likita shine kawar da cutar farko. Wannan nau'in karuwa a cikin asusun hawan jini shine kusan 5% na buƙatun kulawar likita don hauhawar jini.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da hauhawar jini shine ke sauƙaƙe abubuwa masu haɗari:

• danniya da damuwa wani tunanin,
• shan taba
• take hakkin bacci da farkawa,
• rashin abinci mai gina jiki
• kiba
• rayuwa mara amfani
• sama da shekara 40
• Namiji
• kwayoyin halittar jini (kasancewar a cikin dangin mutane masu irin wannan cutar),
• ciwon sukari mellitus
• damuwa a cikin metabolism na ruwa-gishiri (alal misali, wuce kima yawan sodium a cikin nau'in slorum chloride).

Dalili don lura da hauhawar jini shine tasiri akan hanyoyin pathogenetic tare da taimakon haɗin gwiwa, wanda zai ba ku damar kula da Pathology cikin fahimta.

Suna ƙididdigewa sosai haɓakar haɗarin cutar, kuma idan akwai abubuwan haɗari da yawa, to, yiwuwar samun hauhawar jini yana ƙaruwa sosai.

Alamar hauhawar jini

Alamar hauhawar jijiya shine alamomin hawan jini a sama da kilogram 130 mm. Art. don systolic da 90 mm RT. Art. don diastolic.

Hawan jini na iya faruwa na tsawon lokaci a ɓoye, mutum ba ya lura cewa hawan jininsa ya wuce al'ada. Wannan mai yiwuwa ne tare da nau'in cutar mai laushi. Lokaci ne kawai marasa lafiya ke rikitar da alamu mara kyau kamar zazzabin cizon sauro da ciwon kai, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba sa mai da hankali sosai ga wannan.

A wasu matakai na gaba, cutar ta bayyana kanta a wani asibiti mai haske, wanda ya bambanta daga zazzabin cizon saƙo zuwa bayyananniyar alamomin da ke da dangantaka da lalacewar gabobin da ke ciki:

• cututtukan zuciya (ji na matsi ko turawa mai raɗaɗi a baya daga tsananin zafin rana, tachycardia, arrhythmia, ƙarfin bugun zuciya ko kuma jin bugun zuciya, tingling),
• kwakwalwa (jin kai, damuwa, ciwon kai, tabin hankali, tunani mai rauni da kuma tunanin tunani),
• kodan (oliguria - raguwar fitowar fitsari, jin zafi yayin urination, haɓakar dystrophy na koda),
• retina (kwari a gaban idanun, duhu cikin idanun, wahayin da bai cika ba).

Idan irin waɗannan bayyanar cututtuka sun bayyana, ya kamata ka nemi ƙwararren masani, kuma kada ka koma ga neman kanka. Da farko dai, ya zama dole a tantance ainihin matakin cutar - a matakin farko, ba a amfani da magani tare da kwayoyi, ko kuma ana amfani da su a alamu, kuma an kawar da alamun cutar ta hanyar daidaita tsarin yau da kullun, farfado da abincin da kuma kara yawan motsa jiki.

Jiyya na hauhawar jini na sakandare yana la'akari da etiology, gaskiyar dalilin. Matsin lamba yana raguwa, amma babban aikin likita shine kawar da cutar farko.

Binciko

Sannan an tsara cikakken bincike. Yana farawa da gwajin likita da ma'aunin jini, wanda aka bi ta hanyoyi da yawa na kayan aiki - ana yin ECG (electroencephalogram), an bincika duban dan tayi game da ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya da ɗakunan zuciya don hauhawar jini, an shigar da mai lura da karfin jini a ɗauka don auna matsa lamba a ko'ina cikin rana - wannan yana ba da cikakken bayani akan wanda zai iya tantance yanayin hawan jini da nau'ikansa (rana ko dare). Ana bincika kuɗin don kasancewar tasoshin da aka canza, waɗanda yawanci ana samun su tare da dogon lokaci na fuskantar ƙarfi.

Hanyoyin bincike na dakin gwaje-gwaje sun hada da cikakken bincike na jini da fitsari, gwajin jini na kwayoyin.

Tsarin kula da hauhawar jini

Akwai ma'auni don lura da hauhawar jini. Wannan shine yanayin aiwatarwa tare da jerin magungunan da aka bada shawara, wanda kwamitocin kasa da kasa suka yarda da shi kuma dangane da wacce aka gudanar da aikin. Likita na iya rabu da shi kawai lokacin da mai haƙuri yana da takamaiman lamari, mara ƙima. Ana amfani da tsarin haɗin da aka haɗa duka a asibiti da kuma asibiti.

Daga farkon, duk marasa lafiya da ke fama da hauhawar jini sun kasu kashi biyu ga wanda yake da farko da waɗanda ke da sakandare. Sannan ƙayyade matakin hauhawar jini ta gaban lalacewar gabobin waɗanda ke daidai da sikelin:

1. Hauhawar jini (GB) matakin I - lalacewar gabobi da tsarin babu shi ko kuma bai isa ba don bincikar lafiya, kuma rikicewar hauhawar jini ba ta faruwa ko ba a cika rikicewar ƙwayar cuta ba.
2. Mataki na II GB - raunin guda daya a cikin gabobin, basur a cikin parenchyma, wanda ke tattare da alamu masu dacewa. Aukuwa na wani hadadden rikicin hauhawar jini da sakamakonta mai yiwuwa ne.
3. Mataki na III GB - lalacewa da yawa ga gabobin da aka yi niyya, gazawar haɗuwa da lalatarsu, haɓakar ƙwayar cutar fibrosis da sauran canje-canje a cikin tsarin su. Babban haɗarin rikitarwa mai rikitarwa, magani mai taimako da haɓaka hawan jini koyaushe ya wajaba.

A cikin digiri na farko, ba a yi amfani da magani tare da kwayoyi ba, ko ana amfani da su a asirce, kuma ana kawar da alamun cutar ta hanyar daidaita tsarin yau da kullun, farfado da abincin da kuma ƙara yawan motsa jiki.

Harkokin zamani na hauhawar jini

Dalili don lura da hauhawar jini shine tasiri akan hanyoyin pathogenetic tare da taimakon haɗin gwiwa, wanda zai ba ku damar kula da Pathology cikin fahimta. Don wannan, ana amfani da ƙungiyoyi da yawa na kwayoyi waɗanda suka bambanta da tasirin su. Babban rukuni na kwayoyi sun hada da:

1. Diuretics - kudaden da ke haɓaka diureis na yau da kullun (urination) ta hanyar lalata ƙwayoyin koda da ma'aunin ion a ciki. Diuretics na iya amfani da inyoyi daban-daban, yana iya zama maganin aldosterone (wanda ke riƙe da sodium a cikin jiki, kuma tare da shi ruwa - wannan shine yadda Spironolactone da Veroshpiron yayi), musayar sodium don potassium (a wannan yanayin, sodium yana barin jiki kuma yana jawo ruwa tare da shi - yawancin diuretics yi aiki ta wannan hanyar, misali Furosemide). Hakanan a cikin wannan rukunin akwai Hydrochlorothiazide, Hypothiazide, Indapamide (da Arifon magunguna gaba ɗaya).
2. Masu tallata Beta - abubuwa wadanda ke toshe masu karɓar beta-adrenergic, wanda aka samo su da lambobi masu yawa, musamman ma zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Dabarar likita a cikin wannan yanayin ita ce fadada tasoshin (ana lura da wannan sakamako a cikin tsari bayan ɗaukar madaidaicin ma'aunin toshe), kazalika da daidaita ayyukan ƙwaƙwalwar zuciya (cire ectopic foci of excitation, extrasystole da arrhythmia). Anaprilin na waɗannan magungunan (ana amfani dashi ƙasa da ƙasa, saboda ba zaɓi bane kuma yana iya haifar da bronchospasm), Metoprolol, Atenolol, Bisoprolol, Talinol.
3. ACE masu hanawa - enzyme na canza yanayin juyawar tsoka yana haifar da kullun sakamako wanda ya ƙare don samun angiotensin II, mai ƙarfin vasoconstrictor. Idan kun toshe shi, za a iya dakatar da ɗayan mafi kyawun pathogenesis na hauhawar jini. Magungunan wannan rukuni suna da tasiri sosai, rage matsin lamba, ba tare da la'akari da dalilai ba, sun dace sosai don maganin hauhawar jini a cikin tsofaffi, waɗanda ba a nuna diuretics ba. Waɗannan su ne Captopril (Kapoten), Enalapril (Enap), Lisinopril.
4. Angolaensin Receptor Blockers - kwatankwacin fallasa magungunan daidai yake da na rukunin da suka gabata, amma a wannan karon an dakatar da tasirin angiotensin sakamakon toshe masu karɓar maganin. Wannan sabon rukuni ne na kwayoyi, suna da tasiri sosai kuma ba tare da sakamako masu illa ba. Waɗannan sun haɗa da losartan. An wajabta wannan magani ga yara don sauƙaƙa alamun bayyanar cutar hawan jini a hawan jini.
5. Masu adawa da alli (masu fafutika masu amfani da tashar alli) - saboda ions na alli, akwai raguwa a cikin tsokoki mai santsi a bangon jijiyoyin jini, wanda shine lumensa ya kumbura kuma hawan jini ya tashi. Wannan rukuni na kwayoyi suna hana ɗaukar takamaiman abubuwan kariya zuwa ions, saboda haka, ƙaddamar da abubuwan da ke tattare da ƙwayar tsoka ba su faruwa. Wannan ya hada da Nifedipine (Korinfar), Amlodipine.

Alamar hauhawar jijiya shine alamomin hawan jini a sama da kilogram 130 mm. Art. don systolic da 90 mm RT. Art. don diastolic.

Drugsarin magunguna sun haɗa da waɗanda ba a amfani da su sosai saboda yawan aikin su da kuma buƙatar bin umarnin sosai, gwargwadon sakamako masu illa. Zasu iya rage hawan jini har ma fiye da magunguna na babban rukuni, amma ba a amfani dasu don kula da cututtukan outpatient na jini, kawai a asibiti a karkashin kulawar likita da likitan magunguna. Waɗannan rukuni ne:

• alfa-adrenoreceptor agonists, wanda ya haɗa da clonidine da methyldopa (suna haifar da haɓaka na ɗan gajeren lokaci, bayan wannan suna lalata tasoshin jini ta hanyar yin aiki akan masu karɓa a cikin tsarin juyayi na tsakiya),
• juyayi (katse hanyar motsa jijiyoyi)
• Alfa Garcia Alkawarin,
• renin inhibitor Aliskiren (tare da jerin manyan sakamako masu illa),
• vasodilators tare da allurar nau'in gudanarwa kamar magnesium sulfate (ana amfani da maganin sosai a cikin motar asibiti saboda yana aiki da sauri, amma ba zaɓi),
• maganin rigakafi (No-shpa da Drotaverinum).

Bugu da kari, an tsara magunguna, wato, kwayoyi waɗanda ke yin laushi a cikin juyayi.

Magungunan marasa magani na hauhawar jini da rigakafin cuta

Hakanan yana yiwuwa a magance hauhawar jini tare da magungunan jama'a, amma a farkon matakan. Idan likita ya ga damar haƙuri da za a warke ba tare da yin amfani da magunguna ba, zai iya tsara masa abinci, ya tsara magungunan motsa jiki, hadadden hanyoyin motsa jiki, ko aika shi zuwa wurin dima jiki.

A cikin kulawa da gida, ana amfani da tinctures iri-iri daga ganyayyaki, alal misali, shayi daga chamomile, Mint, koren shayi, ƙwanƙwasa fure na viburnum, ash ash. Amfani da su na yau da kullun na iya ƙarfafa bango na jijiyoyin bugun jini kuma ya sa matsewar ta zama barga

Matsayi don lura da hauhawar jini shine algorithm na ayyuka tare da jerin likitocin da aka bada shawara, waɗanda kwamitocin ƙasashen duniya suka yarda da shi kuma dangane da wanda aka yi maganin.

Hanya mafi sauki don hana cuta a gida ita ce ware lokaci don tafiye-tafiye na yau da kullun wanda zai taka rawar motsa jiki na yau da kullun, gyaran abinci ya zama dole: yakamata ku iyakance amfani da gishiri da yaji, kayan yaji mai yaji. Iyakance amfani da abinci mai kitse, musamman, kayan abinci masu soyayyen nama, kayan zaki, da sauransu. Kofi da kuma shayi mai baƙar fata suna contraindicated ga masu fama da cutar haɓaka.

Ana buƙatar isasshen aiki na jiki, bin ka'idoji na hankali na rana, ana buƙatar isasshen baccin dare. Idan ya cancanta, ya kamata a daidaita nauyin kiba. Yawan zafi (baho, sauna, tsayawa cikin zafi) yana contraindicated.

Dole ne a bar kyawawan halaye - wannan ya shafi duka shan sigari da barasa. Zai fi kyau a hana cututtukan cuta fiye da dogon jiyya da jin ciwo na hauhawar jini.

Mun baku damar kallon bidiyo akan taken labarin.

Adana kwayoyi don matsa lamba

Adana magungunan da ke rage karfin jini babban hakin ne na likitan zuciya! Hawan jini ba shi bane lokacin da zakuyi gwaji akan lafiyarku.

An tsara magunguna bisa ga alamu masu nuna hawan jini a cikin haƙuri da cututtukan da suka danganci su. Magungunan rigakafin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa wanda ke rage karfin jini ya kasu kashi-kashi daban-daban, dangane da abun da ke ciki da tasiri kai tsaye.

Don haka, tare da hauhawar jini na digiri na 1 ba tare da rikitarwa ba, ya ishe ka ɗauki magani sama da 1. Tare da hauhawar jini da gaban lalacewar ƙwayar cuta, maganin yana kunshe da haɗakar amfani da magunguna 2 ko fiye.

Koyaya, komai girman hauhawar jini, raguwar hauhawar jini ya zama a hankali. Yana da mahimmanci a kwantar da shi ba tare da tsautsayi ba zato ba tsammani. Ya kamata a saka kulawa ta musamman ga tsofaffi marasa lafiya, da kuma marasa lafiyar da suka sami rauni ta wucin gadi ko bugun jini.

Yanzu, don lura da hauhawar jijiya, an fi amfani da dabarun 2 na ilimin magunguna:

Monotherapy ya ƙunshi gano wani magani wanda yafi dacewa a cikin aikinsa ga mai haƙuri. Idan babu kyakkyawan sakamako, hanyar juyayin da aka yi amfani da ita an canza ta zuwa hanyar haɗin magani.

Don ingantaccen kula da karfin jini a cikin mara haƙuri, yana da kyau a yi amfani da magunguna na tsawan matakan.

Irin waɗannan kwayoyi, har ma da guda ɗaya, suna ba da ikon kula da karfin jini na awanni 24. Benefitarin fa'idodi kuma shine babban sadaukar da haƙuri game da maganin da aka tsara.

Yadda zaka zabi magani domin hauhawar jini

Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa sakamakon warkewar magunguna ba koyaushe yana haifar da raguwa mai yawa a cikin karfin jini. A cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda ke fama da cutar arteriosclerosis, samar da jini ga ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar kwakwalwa sau da yawa yana raguwa saboda raguwar hauhawar jini (fiye da 25% na matakin farko). Wannan yana shafar lafiyar mutum gabaɗaya. Yana da mahimmanci a lura da alamu masu matsa lamba koyaushe, musamman idan mai haƙuri ya rigaya ya sami raunin myocardial ko rauni.

Lokacin da likita ya tsara sabon magani don matsa lamba na mai haƙuri, yayi ƙoƙarin bayar da shawarar sashin kamar ƙarancin dama.

Anyi wannan ne don kada kwayar ta haifar da sakamako masu illa. Idan daidaituwa na hawan jini ya faru a cikin ingantacciyar hanyar, likita ya kara yawan maganin antihypertensive.

Lokacin zabar wakili na warkewa don hauhawar jini, ana la'akari da abubuwa da yawa:

1. a baya an lura da halayen haƙuri ga amfanin wani magani,
2. Hasashen hulda da magungunan da aka dauka don magance wasu cututtuka,
3. manufa lalacewar jikin,
4. haushin mai haƙuri zuwa rikitarwa,
5. kasancewar cututtukan fata (cututtuka na tsarin urinary, ciwon sukari, ciwo na rayuwa),
6. gano cututtukan da ke faruwa a jikin mai haƙuri a yanzu (don ware yiwuwar wallafa magunguna masu jituwa),
7. kudin maganin.

Rarraba Magunguna

A cikin maganin mu, don maganin hauhawar jini, ana amfani da magungunan zamani na sabon ƙarni, wanda za'a iya kasu kashi biyar:

• Calcium Antagonists (AK).
• Diuretics.
• ckers-blockers (β-AB).
• Abubuwan karɓa masu karɓa na AT1 (ARBs).
• Angiotensin-mai canza enzyme (ACE inhibitor).

Zabi na kowane magani don magance hauhawar jini ya kamata ya dogara ne akan tasirin sakamako wanda zai iya tayar da hankali. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a kimanta tasirin sa game da hoton gaba ɗaya na cutar. Ana ɗaukar farashin magani a ƙarshe.

Za'a iya yin magani mai inganci ne kawai daga likitan halartar, tare da samun sakamakon binciken.

Ba za ku iya tsara wannan ko wancan maganin ba, ba tare da izinin likita ba.

Ingancin Magungunan Hawan jini

Don nemo mafi kyawun kwayoyin hana daukar ciki - kunar bakin aiki. Bayan haka, kowane magani yana aiki akan wasu tushen cutar.

Koyaya, kyakkyawan tasiri na lura da cutar hawan jini yana faruwa ne kawai tare da taimakon wasu magunguna.

Tebur: Magungunan Magungunan Inganci

Babban aikin a cikin lura da marasa lafiya tare da gano cutar hauhawar jini shine mafi girman yiwuwar rage haɗarin rikicewar cututtukan zuciya da rigakafin mutuwa. Don cimma matsakaicin sakamako, mai haƙuri ya kamata ya mai da hankali ba kawai don rage matsin lamba ba, har ma yana nazarin salon rayuwarsa. Yana da mahimmanci a bar munanan halaye kuma a daidaita tsarin mulki a huta.

Magunguna masu tasiri don rikicewar hauhawar jini

Kafin rubuta takamaiman magani, likita mai halartar aikin dole ne ya kimanta duk haɗarin da ke tattare da rikitarwa bayan amfani da shi.

Tare da rikicewar hauhawar jini da hauhawar jini, likita na asibiti zai iya ba wa mara lafiya kayan aikin:

1. Kapoten 25 - 50 MG (ɗayan mafi kyawun magunguna don rikici).
2. Jigilar jiki (Moxonidine), sashi na 0.4 mg. Ko clonidine, tare da sashi na 0.075 - 0.15 mg. Magunguna na ƙarshe suna da suna na biyu - clonidine. An wajabta shi kawai ga marasa lafiya waɗanda ke shan wannan magani koyaushe. A halin yanzu an cire shi daga yaduwar magunguna.
3. Nefedipan (Korinfar). Wannan dai ya dakatar da alamun cutar tashin hankali. Ana ɗaukar shi a cikin allunan 10 ko 5 MG.

Idan hawan jini baya raguwa bayan minti 30-40 bayan shan allunan, to likita zai iya yin allura tare da magani mafi ƙarfi.

Yadda ake rage karfin jini ba tare da magani ba

Darasi na safe kowace rana zai taimaka daidaituwa da karfin jini don inganta wurare dabam dabam na jini. A wannan lokacin, mutum yana buƙatar gaba ɗaya barin gishiri da kayan abinci masu yaji. Ku ci more kayan lambu da abinci mai wadatacce a cikin potassium da magnesium.

Don hauhawar jini, naman kifi yana da amfani sosai.

Yawan hawan jini yakan saba da tsarin abinci na kwana biyu tare da cranberries da ash ash.

Plastad mustard yana taimakawa da sauri don sauƙaƙe alamun cutar hawan jini. Ya isa ya sa su a kan ƙwayoyin maraƙin.

Rage hauhawar jini kodayaushe cuta ce mai haɗari, magani wanda za'a danƙa wa wani ƙwararren masani ne kawai, nisantar da shawarar talakawa.

Tambaya & A

Mafi yawan lokuta, bayan rage yawan maganin, ƙara hawan jini yana faruwa a hankali. Amma soke ko rage adadin wasu ƙwayoyi (alal misali, Anaprilin, Klofelin, Atenolol) na iya tayar da haɓaka mai ƙarfi a ciki. Yawancin lokaci matakin karfin jini yana da girma sama da na asali. Wannan sabon abu ana kiransa ciwon cirewar. Matsi yana tashi sosai lokacin rana. Yunƙurin na iya wuce duka biyu asymptomatally kuma tare da lalata a cikin yanayin gaba ɗaya.

Yana da kyau a tuna cewa cirewa na iya haifar da rikice-rikice kamar ciwon kai, tsananin farin ciki, rashi mara nauyi, bugun zuciya, bugun zuciya da mutuwa kwatsam.

Ya kamata raguwar hauhawar jini ya kamata ya faru a hankali, musamman a cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya. Canje-canje canji a cikin shugabanci na raguwa zai iya tarwatsa samarwar jini zuwa ga gabobin jiki. Samun abokan gaba yakan ɗauki makonni da yawa.

Tashin hankali kada ta zama dalilin ƙi magani. Wajibi ne a nemi shawara tare da likitan ku wanda zai canza sashi na maganin ko kuma ya tsara wani magani.

Amfani da nau'ikan magunguna biyu ko sama da yawa ana kiranta maganin warkewa. Drugaya daga cikin miyagun ƙwayoyi sau da yawa ba shi da tasiri kuma yana rage matsa lamba da kawai 4-8% na asali. Wannan yana nuna cewa ana nuna marasa lafiya tare da kwayoyi da yawa tare da sakamako daban-daban, lokacin da karfin jini ya wuce 160/100 mm Hg.

Ko da shan magani ɗaya a farkon magani yana ba da sakamako mai ban ƙarfafa, bayan ɗan lokaci har yanzu hawan jini ya tashi. Wannan shi ne saboda haɗuwa a cikin aikin wasu hanyoyin da ke shafar tsalle-tsallersa. A mafi yawan lokuta, magani tare da kwayoyi guda biyu waɗanda suka dace da juna yana da kyakkyawan sakamako. Haɗa magani yana da kyau a cikin hakan baya haifar da illa mai illa ga waɗanda suke faruwa tare da yawan ƙwayoyi guda ɗaya. Marasa lafiya da ke da karancin hawan jini na iya tsammanin shan magani daya kawai.

Idan magani don hauhawar jini ba shi da tasiri sosai, likita na iya canza sashi, canza shi zuwa wani ƙwayar rigakafin ƙwaƙwalwa ko amfani da maganin haɗuwa.

HANKALI NE KYAUTA
CIGABA DA KWANKWASINKA YANZU

Menene hauhawar jini?

Rashin jini na yau da kullun shine 120/70 (± milimita 10 na Mercury). Lambar ta 120 tayi daidai da matsa lamba na systolic (hawan jini a jikin bangon jijiya yayin kwancen zuciya). Hoto na 70 - matsa lamba na jini (hawan jini a jikin bangon jijiya yayin hutu na zuciya). Tare da tsawaita tsawaita daga al'ada, ana gano wasu matakai na hauhawar jini:

Mataki (ko digiri)

Haɓakar hauhawar jini cuta ce sananniya. Har yanzu dai ba a san dalilan faruwar hakan ba. Mahimmancin hauhawar jini cuta ce da ba a sani ba etiology. Hauhawar jini na sakandare da ke faruwa a cikin 10% na marasa lafiya sun hada da:

• na koda
• endocrin
• hemodynamic
• jijiya
• damuwa
• hauhawar jinin mata masu ciki,
• da amfani da abinci na abin da ake ci,
• shan kwayoyin hana daukar ciki.

A jikin mutum akwai tsari wanda yake daidaita karfin jini. Tare da kara hauhawar jini a jikin bangon manyan hanyoyin jini, ana karɓar masu karɓar mahaɗan da ke cikinsu. Suna tura kwayar jijiya zuwa kwakwalwa. Cibiyar sarrafawa ta jijiyoyin jiki tana cikin medulla oblongata. Hankalin shine vasodilation da raguwa matsa lamba. Lokacin da matsin lamba ya ragu, tsarin yana aiwatar da akasin haka.

Increasearuwar hauhawar jini na iya zama saboda dalilai da yawa:

• kiba, kiba
• mai aiki mai ɗaukar hoto,
• haila,
• ciwon sukari mellitus da sauran cututtuka na kullum,
• karancin magnesium
• oncological cututtuka na adrenal gland shine yake, pituitary gland shine yake,
• tabin hankali
• gado
• guban tare da Mercury, gubar da sauran dalilai.

Ruwayoyi game da abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar ba su da tushen kimiyya. Marasa lafiya waɗanda suka ci karo da wannan matsalar ana tilasta su koyaushe amfani da magunguna don rage yanayin yanayin jikinsu. Jiyya don hauhawar jini yana da niyya don ragewa da kuma daidaita alamomin hawan jini, amma ba ya kawar da tushen hakan.

Bayyanar cututtuka a matakai daban-daban na cutar daban. Wani mutum bazai ji alamun farko na ilimin cuta ba na dogon lokaci. Hare-hare na tashin zuciya, tsananin rauni, rauni a hade da aikin yi. An cigaba da lura: amo a cikin kai, ƙarancin ƙafafun hannu, rage aiki, rashi ƙwaƙwalwa. Tare da tsawaita tsawan matsin lamba, ciwon kai ya zama abokin zama koyaushe. A matakin karshe na hauhawar jini, rikice-rikice masu haɗari na iya faruwa: infarction myocardial, bugun jini na ischemic, lalacewar tasoshin jini, kodan, ƙwanƙwasa jini.

Jiyyar hauhawar jini

Duk hanyoyin kulawa da aka yi niyya don magance hauhawar jijiya, ana iya kasu kashi biyu: magani, mara magani, jama'a, hadaddun. Kowane ɗayan hanyoyin zaɓaɓɓen hanyoyin magani an yi nufin ba kawai a daidaitattun alamomin matsa lamba ba a cikin arteries.Waɗannan matakan warkewa ne waɗanda ke hana canje-canje mai canzawa a cikin ƙwayar tsoka na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, an tsara su ne don kare gabobin da ke ciki, samar da abubuwan kawar da abubuwan haɗari waɗanda ke taimakawa ci gaban yanayin ilimin cuta.

Ciplesa'idojin jiyya na hauhawar jini

A farkon bayyanar cutar da kuma dalilin rigakafin ta, yana da buqatar a bi ka'idodin ka'idodin magani, wanda zai taimaka wajen gyara yanayin da kuma guji fitina:

• rage yawan gishirin, bai kamata ya wuce 5 g kowace rana ba (a cikin mawuyacin yanayi, cikakken begen),
• gyaran jiki a gaban karin fam, kiba
• m motsi aiki,
• daina shan sigari, shan giya da giya na sha,
• da amfani da magani mai warwarewa na ganye shirye-shirye, na ganye shirye-shirye tare da wuce kima tunanin tashin hankali,
• iyakance tasirin abubuwan damuwa,
• bacci na dare 7, kuma zai fi dacewa 8,
• cin abinci mai arziki a cikin potassium.

Matsayi na jiyya

Tare da bayyanar cutar hauhawar jijiya, babbar hanyar inganta nasarar inganta yanayin haƙuri shine kulawa ta likitanci koyaushe. Gudanar da kai na allunan don rage matsin lamba ba a yarda da shi ba. Kuna buƙatar sanin ƙarfi da tsarin aikin miyagun ƙwayoyi. A cikin yanayin laushi mai laushi ko magani a kan iyaka, ma'aunin magani yana iyakance ga raguwar adadin gishiri a cikin abincin.

A cikin nau'ikan nau'in hauhawar jini, an wajabta maganin maganin. Magunguna masu ƙarfi sune Atenolol da Furosemide. Atenolol magani ne daga rukunin b-zaɓi adrenergic blockers, tasiri wanda aka gwada lokaci zuwa lokaci. Wannan kayan aikin yana da aminci ga marasa lafiya da ke fama da tarin fuka, mashako da sauran cututtukan huhu. Magungunan suna da inganci tunda an cire gishirin abinci gaba ɗaya. Furosemide mai tabbatar da cutar diuretic ne. Yawan likita yana ƙaddara da likita.

Magunguna don hauhawar jini

An tsara matakan warkewa don magance cutar hawan jini yayin yin la'akari da bayanan gwaje-gwajen dakin gwaje-gwaje, yanayin halayen mutum na yanayin mai haƙuri, matakin haɓaka cutar. Yin amfani da magungunan rigakafi yana da hujja idan an tsawaita tsawon lokaci game da alamu na hawan jini da kuma hanyoyin rashin magunguna ba su haifar da sakamako ba.

Magunguna na zamani don maganin hauhawar jini

An tsara wa yawancin marasa lafiya magunguna don maganin hauhawar jini, wanda dole ne a yi amfani da shi gaba. Ya zaɓi da liyafar magunguna ya kamata a ɗauki hankali sosai. Tare da ilimin rashin daidaituwa, rikice-rikice suna haɓakawa: akwai haɗarin haɗarin bugun zuciya, gazawar zuciya. Duk magungunan da ake amfani da su ta hanyoyin likita za a iya raba su zuwa rukuni:

Angiotensin Yana Canza Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE inhibitors)

Tarewa wani enzyme wanda ke canza angiotensin I zuwa angiotensin II

Enap, Prestarium, Lisinopril

Angiotensin na biyu Remitor Inhibitors (Sartans)

Ragewar kai tsaye a cikin jijiyoyin bugun jini sakamakon tasirin a kan tsarin renin-angiotensin-aldosterone

Losartan, Telmisartan, Eprosartan

Yi tasirin vasodilating

Atenolol, Concor, Obzidan

Alkalumman tashar alli

Tarewa da canja wurin alli a cikin tantanin, rage yawan ajiyar makamashi zuwa tantanin

Nifedipine, Amlodipine, Cinnarizine

Thiazide diuretics (maganin kamuwa da cuta)

Cire wuce haddi ruwa da gishiri, hana kumburi

Imidazoline Mai Karfafawa Agonists (AIR)

Saboda haɗin waɗannan abubuwan tare da masu karɓar kwakwalwa da tasoshin jini na kodan, ƙwaƙwalwar juyewar ruwa da gishiri, ayyukan rage tsarin maganin rigakafi

Haɗin magungunan antihypertensive

Hanyar aiwatar da magungunan rigakafin ƙwayoyi don rage karfin jini ya bambanta, don haka magani na ƙwayar cuta na hauhawar jini ya ƙunshi amfani da haɗuwa da magunguna. Yana da tasiri don rikitarwa na hauhawar jini, lalacewar sauran gabobin, da gazawar koda. Kusan 80% na marasa lafiya suna buƙatar hadaddun farji. Ingantaccen haɗuwa sune:

• ACE inhibitor da katangar tashar alli,
• ACE hanawa da kuma diuretic,
• alli antagonist da diuretic,
• alfa kamar
• dihydropyridine antagonist da beta mai hanawa.

Hadin gwiwar irrational na magungunan antihypertensive

Haɗin kwayoyi dole ne a yi shi daidai. Magunguna tare da hauhawar jini a cikin haɗin da ke gaba ba su da tasirin warkewa:

• maganin furucin dihydropyridine da mai hana silsi,
• beta mai shinge da ACE inhibitor,
• alpha-blocker a hade tare da sauran magungunan antihypertensive (banda beta-blocker).

Rashin magani

Duk wani cuta shine mafi kyawun hanawa fiye da magani. A bayyanar farko na tsalle cikin karfin jini, yakamata ku sake tunanin rayuwar ku don hana haɓakar hauhawar jini. Magungunan marasa magani, tare da dukkan saukin sa, yana da niyyar hana ci gaba da cututtukan zuciya. Wannan matakan matakan shine tsakiya don daidaita yanayin marasa lafiyar wadanda ke kan yin magani na dogon lokaci tare da kwayoyi.

Aiki na Jiki

Ana iya samun aiki a jiki ya zama wajibi ga hauhawar jini. Yana da daraja bayar da fifiko ga motsa jiki isotonic. Suna shafar hanzarin zagayawa cikin jini, kunna huhu, rage karfin jini. Wannan kayan motsa jiki ne da aka shirya zuwa manyan tsokoki na gabobin. Tafiya mai amfani, hawan keke, iyo, iyo tsalle haske. Kyakkyawan zaɓi shine darasi akan na'urar kwaikwayo ta gida. Ingantaccen tsarin horo shine sau 3-5 a mako.

Magungunan mutane

Daga cikin girke-girke na maganin gargajiya, akwai mafi sauƙin magunguna waɗanda ke nufin inganta haɓakawar jini. Mafi ingancinsu sune:

• 'Ya'yan flax Cakuda uku na tsaba a rana (ana iya yanyanka a cakuda) azaman ƙari ga salads, manyan jita-jita suna ba da isasshen mai a jiki, rigakafin atherosclerosis na hanyoyin jini, yana tsayar da matsa lamba.
• Jawoyin ruwan lemo Alcohol tincture an yi shi ne daga wannan kayan shuka. Pine cones (wanda aka tattara a watan Yuni-Yuli) ana zuba shi a cikin kwalba na lita, an zuba shi da vodka ko barasa kuma nace don makonni 2-3. Auki sau 3 a rana kafin abinci, 1 teaspoon.
• Tafarnuwa. Cokali biyu na tafarnuwa yankakken yankakken, zuba gilashin ruwan zãfi, bar shi daga awa 12. Jiko ya bugu kuma ana shirya sabon sa. Hanyar magani shine wata 1, ana amfani da jiko a safiya da maraice.

Alamar asibiti

Haɓakar hauhawar jini a cikin siffofin mai raɗaɗi rikitarwa ne mai haɗari, don haka a wasu lokuta asibitoci ya zama dole:

1. An gano shi tare da rikicin hauhawar jini. Wannan yana haifar da mummunan rauni a cikin yanayin yanayin mai haƙuri, yana haifar da barazana ga rayuwarsa, haɗarin haɓakar bugun zuciya ko bugun jini yana da yawa. An bada shawarar yin asibiti da gaggawa.
2. Akai-akai a cikin karfin jini yana faruwa, sanadin abin da ba a sani ba kuma yana buƙatar cikakken binciken mai haƙuri da ganewar asali. Tsarin yarjejeniya na asibiti ba ya bayar da irin waɗannan lamuran, amma akwai haɗarin cutar haɓakar cututtukan cututtukan mahaɗa.
3. Mai haƙuri, ban da hawan jini, yana da tuhuma game da cututtukan zuciya, alal misali, angina pectoris.

Hawan jini shine lokaci don kiran motar asibiti. Likitocin gaggawa suna daukar ingantattun hanyoyin warkewa, sakamakon wanda karfin gwiwa da bugun zuciya ya koma al'ada. A wannan yanayin, babu wata alama ta asibiti mai haƙuri, to, ana iya bi da shi a kan mara lafiyar don daidaita yanayin. A wasu halaye, idan ba a samu ci gaba ba, za a kwantar da shi a asibiti.