Umarnin don yin amfani da kwayoyi, analogues, bita

Magungunan an samar dashi ne ta hanyar fasahar halittar DNA ta hanyar amfani da nau'ikan Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Magungunan, hulɗa tare da takamaiman masu karɓa na ƙwayar cytoplasmic na sel, yana samar da hadaddun insulin wanda yake motsa ayyukan cikin sel, gami da samar da wasu manyan enzymes (pyruvate kinase, hexokinase, glycogen synthetase da sauransu). Rage yawan haɗuwa da glucose a cikin jini yana faruwa ne saboda karuwa a cikin sufuri a cikin sel, karuwar haɓakawa da ɗaukar ƙwayoyin cuta, da raguwa a cikin ƙirar glucose a cikin hanta. Magungunan yana motsa glycogenogenesis, lipogenesis, tsarin furotin.
Tsawon lokacin aikin miyagun ƙwayoyi ya kasance saboda yawan ƙwaƙwalwarsa, wanda ya dogara da kashi, wuri da hanyar gudanarwa da sauran dalilai, sabili da haka, bayanin aikin miyagun ƙwayoyi zai iya bambanta sosai ba kawai a cikin marasa lafiya daban-daban ba, har ma a cikin mutum ɗaya. A matsakaici, tare da gudanar da aikin cutarwa na miyagun ƙwayoyi, ana lura da fara aiki bayan sa'o'i 1.5, ana samun sakamako mafi girma bayan sa'o'i 4-12, tsawon lokacin aiki ya kasance har zuwa rana. Farkon sakamako da cikar shan magungunan ya dogara da kashi (girman maganin da aka yi amfani da shi), wurin allurar (cinya, ciki, gindi), tattarawar insulin a cikin maganin da sauran dalilai. Matsakaicin insulin a cikin jini na jini ya isa cikin sa'o'i 2 zuwa 18 bayan gudanarwar ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Babu wata ma'anar da ta tabbatar da sunadarai ta plasma da aka ambata, ban da keɓance ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa insulin (idan akwai). An rarraba magungunan ba tare da daidaituwa ba cikin kyallen takarda, ba ya ratsa cikin madara nono kuma ta hanyar shinge na mahaifa. Mafi yawa a cikin kodan da hanta, ana lalata maganin ta hanyar insulinase, haka kuma, mai yiwuwa, furotin disomeide isomerase. Insulin metabolites ba aiki. Rabin rayuwar insulin daga cikin jini yan 'yan mintuna ne. Cire rabin rayuwa daga kwayoyin halitta yayi kimanin awa 5 - 10. Kodan ya cire ta (30 - 80%).
Babu takamaiman hadarin da miyagun ƙwayoyi ga ɗan adam da aka bayyana a yayin binciken na yau da kullun, wanda ya haɗa da nazarin abubuwan haɗari tare da maimaita yawan magunguna, nazarin lafiyar lafiyar magunguna, abubuwan da ke tattare da cututtukan dabbobi, ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin cuta, da illa mai guba a cikin wurin haihuwa.

Type 1 ciwon sukari mellitus, type 2 ciwon sukari mellitus: m jure wa hypoglycemic magunguna (a lokacin hada magani), mataki na jure wa baki hypoglycemic magunguna, cututtukan intercurrent, type 2 ciwon sukari mellitus a cikin mata masu ciki.

Hanyar yin amfani da sinadaran inzini da keɓaɓɓiyar ƙwayar ɗan adam da allurai

Ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ne kawai a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Adadin a cikin kowane yanayi yana ƙaddara ta likita daban-daban dangane da tattarawar glucose a cikin jini, yawanci maganin yau da kullun ya tashi daga 0.5 zuwa 1 IU / kg (dangane da matakin glucose jini da halayen mutum na mai haƙuri). Yawanci, ana amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi a ƙarƙashin cikin cinya. Hakanan, ana iya gudanar da miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin buttock a cikin buttock, bango na ciki, da kuma yanki na ƙwayar tsoka ta kafada. Zazzabi na miyagun ƙwayoyi da aka sarrafa ya kamata ya kasance da zazzabi a ɗakin.
Kada kuyi shishi cikin ciki.
Abunda ake buƙata na yau da kullun don insulin na iya zama ƙasa a cikin marasa lafiya da keɓaɓɓen insulin ƙara yawan haɓaka insulin kuma mafi girma a cikin marasa lafiya tare da juriya na insulin (alal misali, a cikin masu haƙuri a lokacin balaga)
Don hana haɓakar lipodystrophy, ya zama dole don canja wurin allurar a cikin yankin ilimin halittar jiki.
Lokacin amfani da insulin, ya zama dole don kulawa da hankali yawan tasirin glucose a cikin jini. Baya ga yawan shan ƙwayoyi, abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin ƙarfi a cikin jini na iya zama: tsallake abinci, maye gurbin miyagun ƙwayoyi, zawo, amai, haɓaka aikin jiki, sauya wurin allura, cututtukan da ke rage buƙatar insulin (lalacewa mara kyau da / ko aikin hanta, ƙwayar pituitary, adrenal cortex, glandar thyroid), hulɗa tare da wasu kwayoyi.
Aksarya a cikin aikin insulin ko allurar da ba ta dace ba, musamman a cikin marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 1, na iya haifar da cutar hauka. A matsayinka na mai mulki, alamun farko na hawan jini suna haɓaka a hankali, a cikin sa'o'i da yawa ko kwanaki. Sun haɗa da urination, ƙishirwa, tashin zuciya, amai, amai, bushewa da jan launi na fata, rashin ci, bushewar ƙanshi, ƙanshi na acetone a cikin iska mai ƙuna. Ba tare da kulawa ta musamman ba, hyperglycemia na iya haifar da ci gaban ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari, wanda ke barazanar rayuwa.
Yankin insulin yakamata a daidaita shi saboda cutar ta Addison, rashin aikin thyroid, nakasa aikin koda da / ko aikin hanta, rashin lafiyar jiki, cututtukan jiki da yanayin dake hade da zazzabi, sama da shekaru 65. Hakanan, ana iya buƙatar canji a cikin adadin ƙwayoyi idan mai haƙuri ya canza abincin da aka saba ko ƙara yawan motsa jiki.
Magungunan yana rage haƙuri haƙuri.
Kafin tafiya, wadda ke da alaƙa da canji a cikin bangarorin lokaci, mai haƙuri yana buƙatar yin shawara da likitan da ke halarta, tunda lokacin da aka canza yankin lokaci yana nufin cewa mara lafiya zai yi allurar da kuma ci abinci a wani lokaci.
Wajibi ne a aiwatar da canji daga wannan nau'in insulin zuwa wani a karkashin kulawar tattarawar glucose a cikin jini.
Yayin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi (musamman don farkon manufar, canza nau'in insulin zuwa wani, gagarumar damuwa ta jiki ko ƙoƙarin jiki), ikon sarrafa abubuwa daban-daban, fitar da mota da shiga cikin wasu ayyukan haɗari masu haɗari waɗanda ke buƙatar saurin motsi da halayen tunani na iya raguwa da kara jawo hankali.

Haihuwa da lactation

Babu ƙuntatawa game da amfani da insulin a lokacin daukar ciki da lokacin shayarwa, tun da insulin ba ya shiga cikin mahaifa kuma zuwa cikin madara. Hypoglycemia da hyperglycemia, wanda zai iya haɓaka tare da zaɓin da bai dace ba, yana kara haɗarin mutuwar tayi da bayyanar rashin lafiyar tayi. Matan da ke da juna biyu masu ciwon sukari ya kamata su kasance a ƙarƙashin kulawa na likita a duk lokacin da suke cikin ciki, suna buƙatar kulawa sosai da matakan glucose na jini, kuma shawarwarin iri ɗaya sun shafi matan da ke shirin daukar ciki. A cikin farkon lokacin ciki, bukatar insulin yawanci yakan ragu kuma a hankali yana ƙaruwa a cikin na biyu da na uku. Bayan haihuwa, bukatar insulin da sauri yakan dawo zuwa matakin da aka lura kafin samun juna biyu. Yayin shayarwa, mata masu fama da ciwon sukari na iya buƙatar daidaita tsarin abincinsu da / ko tsarinsu.

Sakamakon abubuwa na insulin-isophan na kwayoyin injiniya

Sakamakon tasirin metabolism: yanayin hypoglycemic (karin gumi, gumi, gajiya, fatar jiki, hangen nesa mai rauni, tashin zuciya, ciwon mara, yunwa, gajiya mai wuya ko rauni, rawar jiki, damuwa, ciwon kai, damuwa, tashin hankali, tashin zuciya a bakin, rage taro hankali, disorientation, nutsuwa, asarar sani, cramps, wucin gadi ko rashin daidaituwa game da aikin kwakwalwa, mutuwa), gami da cutar rashin haila.
Allergic halayen: fata fitsari, urticaria, Quincke's edema, tashin hankali anaphylactic, halayen anaphylactic (haɗe da haɓakar fata, haɓaka hawaye, rage karfin jini, ƙaiƙayi, tashin zuciya, angioedema, wahalar numfashi, bugun zuciya, fainting / suma).
Sauran: Kurakurai masu ratsa jiki marassa lafiya (galibi a farkon jiyya), ciwo mai raɗaɗi na jijiya (jijiyoyin mahaifa), cututtukan cututtukan ciwon sukari, edema.
Ayyukan gida kumburi, kumburi, kumburi, hyperemia, zafi, itching, hematoma, lipodystrophy a wurin allurar.

Hulɗa da inginin insulin-isophan na injin ɗan adam tare da sauran abubuwa

: glucocorticoids, hana hana haihuwa, hormones thyroid, heparin, thiazide diuretics, maganin tricyclic antidepressants, danazole, clonidine, sympathomimetics, allunan tashar alli, phenytoin, morphine, diazoxide, nicotine.
: Monoamine oxidase hanawa, na baka hypoglycemic kwayoyi, angiotensin tana mayar enzyme hanawa, zabe beta-blockers, carbonic anhydrase hanawa, octreotide, bromocriptine, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, anabolic steroids, clofibrate, mebendazole, ketoconazole, pyridoxine, cyclophosphamide, theophylline, kwayoyi lithium fenfluramine.
A ƙarƙashin tasirin salicylates, reserpine, shirye-shiryen da ke ɗauke da ethanol, duka raunana da haɓaka aikin insulin yana yiwuwa.
Octreotide, lanreotide na iya ƙaruwa ko rage buƙatar jiki ga insulin.
Masu hana Beta-blockers na iya rufe alamun hypoglycemia da jinkirin dawowa bayan hypoglycemia.
Tare da haɗakar amfani da insulin da magungunan thiazolidinedione, yana yiwuwa haɓaka lalacewar zuciya, musamman a cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da abubuwan haɗari don ci gabanta. Lokacin da aka tsara irin wannan magani, ya zama dole a bincika marasa lafiya don gano ƙarancin bugun zuciya, kasancewar edema, da ƙima mai nauyi. Idan alamun cututtukan zuciya sun lalace a cikin marasa lafiya, ya kamata a dakatar da maganin thiazolidinedione.

Yawan abin sama da ya kamata

Tare da yawan ƙwayar maganin ƙwayar cuta, hauhawar jini yana haɓaka.
Jiyya: mai haƙuri zai iya kawar da rashin ƙarfi a jiki da kansa, domin wannan ya zama dole don ɗaukar abinci mai arziki a cikin carbohydrates ko sukari a ciki, saboda haka an ba da shawarar ga marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari na sukari don ɗaukar sukari da kullun, kukis, Sweets, ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai zaki. A cikin mummunan hypoglycemia (gami da asarar hankali), ana gudanar da maganin 40% na dextrose a cikin jijiya, intramuscularly, subcutaneously ko intravenously - glucagon. Bayan ya dawo cikin hankalin, mai haƙuri ya kamata ya ɗauki abinci mai arzikin carbohydrate don hana sake haɓakar cutar sankarar fata.

Pharmacology

Yana hulɗa tare da takamaiman masu karɓa na ƙwayar cytoplasmic na sel kuma yana samar da hadaddun insulin-receptor wanda ke motsa ayyukan cikin ciki, gami da kira na enzymes masu yawa (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase, da sauransu). Rage yawan glucose a cikin jini yana faruwa ne sakamakon karuwa a cikin jijiyar jikinsa, da ƙaruwa da ɗaukar kaya ta kyallen, tare da raguwar yawan haɓakar glucose ta hanta. Stimulates lipogenesis, glycogenogenesis, abubuwan gina jiki.

Adadin aikin insulin ana aiwatar dashi ne yawanci gwargwadon sha, wanda ya dogara da dalilai da yawa (gami da kashi, hanyar da wurin gudanarwar), sabili da haka bayanin aikin insulin yana ƙarƙashin mahimmancin canzawa a cikin mutane daban-daban, kuma a cikin ɗaya wannan mutumin. Matsakaicin, bayan sc gwamnati, farawa aiki shine bayan sa'o'i 1.5, matsakaicin sakamako yana haɓakawa tsakanin 4 da 12 hours, tsawon lokacin aikin yana zuwa 24 hours.

Cikakken kamfani da kuma haifar da tasirin insulin ya dogara da wurin allura (ciki, cinya, buttocks), kashi (girman insulin allurar), yawan insulin a cikin magunguna, da dai sauransu An rarraba shi ba tare da bambanci ba a jikin kyallen, kuma ba ya shiga cikin shinge na mahaifa da kuma cikin madara. An lalata shi ta hanyar insulinase galibi a cikin hanta da kodan. Kayanta ne ya banke (30-80%).

Abubuwan da ke tattare da sinadaran Insulin-isophan na injiniyan ɗan adam

Sakamakon tasirin metabolism: Yanayin hypoglycemic (pallor na fata, karuwar gumi, palpitations, rawar jiki, yunwa, tashin hankali, paresthesia a bakin, ciwon kai). Mai tsananin rashin ƙarfi na hypoglycemia na iya haifar da haɓakar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta.

Allergic halayen: da wuya - fatar fata, kumburin Quincke, mai matukar wahalar gaske - girgiza ƙwayar cuta.

Sauran: kumburi, kurakurai na yau da kullun kurakurai (yawanci a farkon farfajiya).

Ayyukan gida hyperemia, kumburi da itching a wurin allura, tare da tsawan amfani - lipodystrophy a wurin allurar.

Gargaɗi game da sinadarin Insulin-isophan na injiniyan ɗan adam

Wajibi ne a canza wurin allurar a cikin yankin na jiki don hana ci gaban lipodystrophy.

Gabanin tushen ilimin insulin, lura da kullun matakan glucose na jini ya zama dole. Abubuwan da ke haifar da hypoglycemia, ban da wucewar insulin, na iya zama: maye gurbin miyagun ƙwayoyi, tsallake abinci, amai, gudawa, haɓaka aiki na jiki, cututtukan da ke rage buƙatar insulin (lalacewar hanta da aikin koda, hauhawar ƙwayar fata adrenal cortex, pituitary or thyroid gland gland), canjin wuri inje, da kuma hulɗa tare da wasu kwayoyi.

Rashin ingantaccen allura ko katsewa a cikin gudanarwar insulin, musamman a cikin marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 1, na iya haifar da cutar hauka. Yawancin lokaci, alamun farko na hyperglycemia suna haɓaka hankali a kan sa'o'i da yawa ko kwanaki. Waɗannan sun haɗa da ƙishirwa, yawan urination, tashin zuciya, amai, amai, ja, bushewar fata, bushewar baki, rashin ci, kamshin acetone a cikin iska mai ƙuna. Idan ba a kula da shi ba, zazzabin hyperglycemia a cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari na iya haifar da haɓakar cutar ketoacidosis mai barazanar rayuwa.

Matsakaicin insulin dole ne a daidaita shi idan yana aiki mai ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, cutar Addison, hypopituitarism, hanta mai rauni da aikin koda da ciwon sukari a cikin marasa lafiya fiye da shekaru 65. Canza kashi na insulin na iya kuma ana buƙatar idan mai haƙuri ya ƙara yawan motsa jiki ko ya canza abincin da aka saba.

Cututtukan da ke haɗuwa, musamman cututtuka da yanayi tare da zazzabi, suna ƙara buƙatar insulin.

Canjin daga wani nau'in insulin zuwa wani yakamata a gudanar dashi ƙarƙashin ikon matakan glucose na jini.

Miyagun ƙwayoyi na rage haƙuri haƙuri.

Dangane da babban dalilin insulin, canji a nau'ikansa, ko kasancewar mahimman damuwa ta jiki ko ta hankali, yana yiwuwa a rage ikon hawa mota ko sarrafa abubuwa daban-daban, kazalika da shiga cikin wasu ayyukan haɗari masu haɗari waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakar kulawa da saurin halayen tunani da motsa jiki.

Halin abubuwan da Insulin-isopan keɓaɓɓiyar injiniyan ɗan adam

Matsakaici insulin. An samo insulin na mutum ta amfani da fasahar DNA.

Yana hulɗa tare da takamaiman masu karɓa na ƙwayar cytoplasmic na sel kuma yana samar da hadaddun insulin-receptor wanda ke motsa ayyukan cikin ciki, gami da kira na enzymes masu yawa (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase, da sauransu).Rage yawan glucose a cikin jini yana faruwa ne sakamakon karuwa a cikin jijiyar jikinsa, da ƙaruwa da ɗaukar kaya ta kyallen, tare da raguwar yawan haɓakar glucose ta hanta. Stimulates lipogenesis, glycogenogenesis, abubuwan gina jiki.

Bidiyo (latsa don kunnawa).

Bayanin ingantaccen abu Insulin-isophan na kwayoyin injin / insulinum isophanum humanum biosyntheticum.

Tsarin, sunan sunadarai: babu bayanai.
Kungiyar magunguna: hormones da abokan adawar su / insulins.
Aikin magunguna: hypoglycemic.

Isofan insulin: umarnin don amfani da farashin miyagun ƙwayoyi

Harkokin insulin yana da halayyar maye, saboda babban aikin tiyata shine rama ga rashin damuwa a cikin ƙwayoyin carbohydrate ta hanyar gabatar da magani na musamman a ƙarƙashin fata. Irin wannan magani yana shafar jiki har da insulin na asali wanda ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta hanji. A wannan yanayin, magani cikakke ne ko kuma ɓangare.

Daga cikin magungunan da ake amfani da shi don kamuwa da cuta, ɗayan mafi kyawun shine insulin Isofan. Magungunan ya ƙunshi insulin ilimin ɗan adam na matsakaici na tsawon lokaci.

Ana samun kayan aiki a fannoni daban-daban. Ana sarrafa shi ta hanyoyi guda uku - subcutaneously, intramuscularly da intravenously. Wannan yana bawa mai haƙuri damar zaɓin mafi kyawun zaɓi don sarrafa matakin glycemia.

Alamu don amfani da sunayen kasuwancin magani

Amfani da maganin yana nunawa ga nau'in ciwon sukari da ke dogaro da cutar siga. Haka kuma, far yakamata ya kasance tsawon rayuwa.

Insulin kamar yadda Isofan magani ne na ɗan adam wanda aka tsara ta irin waɗannan halaye:

type 2 ciwon sukari (insulin-dogara),
hanyoyin tiyata
tsayayya da wakilai na hypoglycemic da aka dauka ta wani ɓangare na wahalar magani,
cututtukan cututtukan mahaifa (in babu tasirin maganin cutar cin abinci),
ilimin cututtukan zuciya

Kamfanonin magunguna suna samar da insulin na ɗan adam ta asali a ƙarƙashin sunaye daban-daban. Mafi mashahuri sune Vozulim-N, Biosulin-N, Protafan-NM, Insuran-NPH, Gensulin-N.

Wasu nau'ikan insulin isofan kuma ana amfani dasu da sunayen kasuwancin da ke gaba:

M
Humulin (NPH),
Pensulin,
Isofan insulin NM (Protafan),
Actrafan
Kari N,
Biogulin N,
Protafan-NM Penifill.

Yana da kyau a lura cewa amfani da kowane iri ɗaya na insulin Isofan ya kamata a yarda da likita.

Insulin ɗan adam yana da tasirin hypoglycemic. Magungunan yana hulɗa tare da masu karɓar ƙwayar sel ta cytoplasmic, yana samar da hadaddun insulin-receptor. Yana kunna ayyukan da ke faruwa a cikin sel kuma yana yin babban enzymes (glycogen synthetase, pyruvate kinase, hexokinase, da sauransu).

Rage yawan tattarawar sukari ana faruwa ne ta hanyar kara jigilar kwayar cutar cikin jikin mutum, da rage girman yawan samarda glucose din ta hanta, kwantar da hankalin mutum da kuma kara shan glucose ta kyallen. Hakanan, insulin ɗan adam yana aiki da tsarin furotin, glycogenogenesis, lipogenesis.

Tsawon lokacin da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya dogara da saurin sha, kuma ya kasance saboda dalilai daban-daban (yanki na gudanarwa, hanya da kashi). Sabili da haka, ingancin insulin Isofan na iya zama ambaliya a cikin masu haƙuri ɗaya da sauran masu ciwon sukari.

Sau da yawa bayan allura, ana lura da tasirin magungunan bayan awa 1.5. Babban mafi girman inganci yana faruwa a cikin sa'o'i 4-12 bayan gudanarwa. Yawan aiki - wata rana.

Don haka, cikar cirewa da kuma fara aikin wakili ya dogara ne da dalilai kamar su:

yankin allura (buttock, cinya, ciki),
aiki maida hankali
sashi.

Shirye-shiryen insulin na mutum yana rarraba ba daidai ba a cikin kyallen. Ba su shiga cikin mahaifa ba su sha da madara.

An lalata su ta hanyar insulinase galibi a cikin kodan da hanta, an keɓe cikin adadin 30-80% tare da kodan.

Umarnin don amfani da insulin Isofan ya bayyana cewa ana gudanar dashi sau da yawa sau biyu a rana kafin karin kumallo (minti 30-45). A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar canza wurin allurar yau da kullun kuma adana sirinji da aka yi amfani da shi a zazzabi a ɗakin, da kuma sabo a cikin firiji.

Wasu lokuta ana gudanar da maganin ta intramuscularly. Kuma hanyar da ake amfani da ita wajen amfani da insulin matsakaici ba a amfani da ita.

Ana yin lissafin sashi daban-daban ga kowane mara lafiya, gwargwadon matakin yawan sukari a cikin magudanan kwayoyin halitta da kuma cutar cutar. A matsayinka na mai mulki, matsakaiciyar maganin yau da kullun ya tashi daga 8-24 IU.

Idan marasa lafiya suna da rashin lafiyar insulin, to, mafi kyawun adadin maganin yau da kullum shine 8 IU. Tare da rauni mara kyau na kwayoyin, sashi yana ƙaruwa - daga 24 IU kowace rana.

Lokacin da yawan ƙwayar yau da kullun ya fi 0.6 IU ta 1 kilogiram na taro, to ana yin allura 2 a sassa daban daban na jiki. Marasa lafiya tare da kashi 100 na yau da kullum na 100 IU ko fiye ya kamata a asibiti idan an maye gurbin insulin.

Haka kuma, lokacin canja wuri daga wani nau'in samfurin zuwa wani, ya zama dole don saka idanu cikin abubuwan sukari.

Yin amfani da insulin na mutum zai iya haifar da alamun rashin lafiyar. Mafi yawan lokuta, shine angioedema (hypotension, shortness of fever, zazzabi) da urticaria.

Hakanan, wuce sashi zai iya haifar da hauhawar jini, ta bayyanar da alamu masu zuwa:

rashin bacci
fata fata,
bacin rai
hyperhidrosis
tsoro
m jihar
palpitations
ciwon kai
rikice,
rikicewar vestibular
yunwa
rawar jiki da kaya.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da sakamako sun haɗa da acidicis na sukari da hyperglycemia, waɗanda ke fitowa ta fuskoki a fusace, amai, abinci, da ƙishirwa. Mafi sau da yawa, irin waɗannan yanayi suna haɓakawa da asalin cututtukan da ke kama da zazzabi, lokacin da aka rasa allura, sashin ba daidai ba ne, kuma idan ba a bi abincin ba.

Wani lokacin wani sahihanci yakan faru. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, yanayin precoatous da coma na haɓaka.

A farkon magani, rikicewar rikicewar rikice rikice a cikin aikin gani na iya faruwa. Hakanan ana ƙara yawan haɓakar ƙarar rigakafin jikin insulin tare da ci gaba na glycemia da halayen immunological na yanayin giciye tare da insulin ɗan adam.

Sau da yawa shafin allurar yakan kumbura da ƙaiƙayi. A wannan yanayin, ƙananan ƙwayoyin tsoka mai ƙwanƙwasa jini ko atrophies. Kuma a farkon matakin farji, kurakurai masu raɗaɗi na wucin gadi da edema na iya faruwa.

Idan aka samu karin yawan magunguna na hormonal, matakin suga na jini yakan ragu sosai. Wannan yana haifar da hypoglycemia, kuma wani lokacin mai haƙuri ya faɗi cikin rashin lafiya.

Idan kashi ya ɗan ɗanɗana kaɗan, ya kamata ku ɗauki abinci mai yawan carb (cakulan, farin burodi, yi, alewa) ko kuma ku sha abin sha mai daɗi. Game da kasala, ana ba da ma'anar dextrose (40%) ko glucagon (s / c, v / m) ga mai haƙuri a ciki / ciki.

Lokacin da mai haƙuri ya sake farkawa, ya zama dole don ciyar da shi abinci mai arziki a cikin carbohydrates.

Wannan zai hana komawar haila da cututtukan zuciya.

Ba a amfani da dakatarwa don hana gudanarwar sc tare da mafita daga wasu magunguna. A co-gwamnati da sulfonamides, ACE / Mao / carbonic anhydrase, NSAIDs, ethanol hanawa, anabolic steroids, chloroquine, androgens, quinine, bromocriptine, pirodoksin, tetracyclines, lithium shirye-shirye, clofibrate, fenfluramine, Ketonozolom, Tsiklofosvamidom, theophylline, mebendazole kara habaka hypoglycemic sakamako.

Rage rauni na hypoglycemic mataki taimaka zuwa:

H1 talla mai talla mai karɓa,
Glucagon
Somatropin
Epinephrine
GKS,
Phenytoin
maganin hana haihuwa
Epinephrine
Estrogens
masu maganin tashin zuciya

Bugu da ƙari, raguwar sukari yana haifar da haɗin gwiwa na Isofan insulin tare da madauki da thiazide diuretics, Klondin, BMKK, Diazoxide, Danazol, hormones na thyroid, maganin tricyclic antidepressants, sympathomimetics, Heparin da sulfinpyrazone. Nicotine, marijuana da morphine suma suna kara yawan jini.

Pentamidine, beta-blockers, Octreotide da Reserpine zasu iya haɓaka ko raunana glycemia.

Gargaɗi don amfani da Isofan insulin shine cewa mutumin da ke da ciwon sukari yakamata ya canza wuraren da za a ba da allurar insulin. Bayan haka, hanyar kawai don hana bayyanar lipodystrophy.

Da keɓaɓɓen asalin maganin kwantar da hankali, kuna buƙatar saka idanu akan yawan glucose. Tabbas, ban da gudanar da aiki tare da wasu kwayoyi, sauran abubuwan zasu iya haifar da cutar hypoglycemia:

ciwon sukari gudawa da amai,
maye gurbin magani
activityara yawan aiki na jiki
cututtukan da ke buƙatar buƙatar haɓakar homon (ƙonewa da gazawar hanta, ƙwanƙwasawar ƙwayar thyroid, glandon gland, da dai sauransu),
ba tare da bata lokaci ba,
canjin yankin allura.

Sashi mara kyau ko dogon hutu tsakanin allurar insulin zai iya ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban hyperglycemia, musamman tare da ciwon sukari na 1. Idan ba a daidaita farji a cikin lokaci ba, to, wani lokacin majinyacin yakan haɓaka korar lafiyar ketoacidotic.

Bugu da kari, ana buƙatar sauya kashi idan mai haƙuri ya fi 65, yana da rauni yana aiki na glandar thyroid, koda da hanta. Hakanan wajibi ne don maganin hypopituitarism da cutar Addison.

Bugu da ƙari, marasa lafiya ya kamata da sanin cewa shirye-shiryen insulin na mutum yana rage haƙuri. A cikin matakan farko na maganin, yayin da ake sauya magani, yanayin damuwa, ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na jiki, ba lallai ba ne don fitar da mota da sauran hanyoyin hadaddun abubuwa ko shiga cikin ayyukan haɗari masu haɗari waɗanda ke buƙatar haɓakar taro da saurin halayen.

Marasa lafiya masu juna biyu ya kamata suyi la’akari da cewa a cikin farkon farkon lokacin bukatar insulin ya ragu, kuma a cikin 2 da 3 yana ƙaruwa. Hakanan, za'a iya buƙatar ƙaramin adadin hormone lokacin aiki.

Za'a tattauna abubuwan fasahar Isofan a cikin bidiyon a cikin wannan labarin.

Ciwon sukari - M.: Magani, 1964. - 603 p.
Rudnitsky L.V. cututtukan thyroid. Jiyya da rigakafin, Bitrus - M., 2012. - 128 c.
Kennedy Lee, Basu Ansu Diagnosis da magani a cikin endocrinology. Hanyar matsala, GEOTAR-Media - M., 2015. - 304 p.

Bari in gabatar da kaina. Sunana Elena. Na kasance ina aiki a matsayin endocrinologist fiye da shekaru 10. Na yi imanin cewa a halin yanzu ni ƙwararre ne a fagen aikina kuma ina so in taimaka wa duk baƙi zuwa shafin don warware matsalolin da ba ayyuka sosai ba. Duk kayan don rukunin yanar gizon an tattara su kuma ana aiwatar dasu da kyau don isar da sanarwa gwargwadon iko. Kafin amfani da abin da aka bayyana akan gidan yanar gizon, tattaunawa mai mahimmanci tare da kwararru koyaushe wajibi ne.

Umarnin don amfani

Umarnin don amfani yana nuna babban nau'in cuta wanda ake amfani da inulin na asali - insulin-based diabetes mellitus. Jiyya a cikin wannan halin yana gudana ne a duk rayuwa. A wannan yanayin, yana da mahimmanci a bi tsarin allurar. Bugu da kari, ana amfani da Isofan don nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.

Likita na iya ba da magani idan har akwai rashin sakamako daga magunguna tare da tasirin rage sukari. Sannan ana wajabta insulin azaman magani hade.

Hakanan karuwar sukarin jini na iya zama sakamakon rikitarwa, alal misali, bayan tiyata. A wannan halin, ana iya kuma samarda insulin a matsayin magani mai wahala. An wajabta wa mata masu juna biyu masu ciwon suga.

Ana amfani da Isofan kawai don nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2!

Magungunan yana contraindicated a cikin marasa lafiya yiwuwa ga rashin lafiyan halayen da ciwon hypoglycemia.

Tasirin rimarfin

Babban sakamakon illolin Isofan sune:

Sakamakon illa game da metabolism na metabolism. An bayyana wannan a cikin nau'in pallor na fata, gumi mai yawa, bugun zuciya mai sauri, bayyanar rawar jiki, mutum yana son cin abinci koyaushe, ƙwarewar tashin hankali, ciwon kai a kai a kai.
Allergy ya bayyana ta hanyar fitsarin fata, fitsarin Quincke. A cikin lokuta mafi wuya, ƙwayar ta haifar da girgiza anaphylactic.
Kumburi na iya bayyana.
Bayan allura, itching ko kumburi, bruising na iya faruwa. Idan maganin yana daɗewa, an kirkiro lipodystrophy.

A wannan batun, a farkon magani, ana iya aiwatar da ilimin insulin ne kawai bayan alƙawarin likita kuma a ƙarƙashin kulawarsa.

Yawan wuce haddi

Dangane da gabatarwar ƙarin ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, mai haƙuri na iya fuskantar alamun hypoglycemia. A wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar cin ɗan sukari ko abinci mai wadatar carbohydrates. Zai iya zama cookies, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, Sweets.

Roaddamar da Isofan mai yawa zai iya haifar da asarar hankali. An ba da shawarar ku ba da allura ta hancin allurar 40% dextrose. Ana iya gudanar da Glucagon ta intramuscularly, a cikin tazara ko tajasa.

Tsallake hulɗa

Umarnin don yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya bayyana dalla-dalla game da halayen miyagun ƙwayoyi da kamuwa da amfani.

Isofan injin ɗan adam yana da aiki sosai idan aka ɗauki waɗannan kwayoyi a lokaci guda:

Hypoglycemic na bakin wakilai.
MAO da masu hana ACE, carbonhy anhydrase.
Sulfonamides.
Anabolics.
Karafasus.
Magunguna dauke da ethanol.

Ingancin Isofan yana raguwa tare da amfani da: hana hana haihuwa, magungunan glucocorticoid, hormones thyroid, maganin antidepressants, morphine. Idan ba zai yiwu a soke magungunan da suka shafi aikin insulin ba, ya zama dole a faɗakar da majinyacin halartar game da wannan.

Irin kwayoyi

Marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari suna sha'awar tambayar menene ma'anar maye gurbin insulin. An ba da shawarar yin amfani da waɗannan analogues na Isofan don magani: Humulin (NPH), Protafan-NM, Protafan-NM Penfill, Insumal, Actrafan.

Kafin canza Isofan zuwa analog, ya zama dole a nemi shawara tare da likitanka. Harkokin insulin shine babban magani. Yana buƙatar horo a ɓangaren haƙuri da lura da likita.