Alamu don amfani da kaddarorin insulin Detemir

Kayan fasahar DNA na zamani sun inganta bayanan martaba na aiki na insulin mai sauki (na yau da kullun). Ana samar da insulin din 'Detemir insulin' ta nazarin halittun DNA ta hanyar amfani da iri Saccharomyces cerevisiae, analog ne mai matukar narkewa na insulin ɗan adam na tsawaita aiki tare da bayanin martaba na aiki. Bayanan da ake amfani da su yana da matukar tasiri idan aka kwatanta da isofan-insulin da gulingine insulin. Tsawan aikin ya kasance saboda bayyanar da haɗin kai na kwayoyin ƙwararru daga detemir insulin a wurin yin allura da dauri kwayoyi zuwa albumin ta hanyar fili tare da sarkar acid mai gefe. Idan aka kwatanta da isofan-insulin, ana rarraba insulin cikin insulin a hankali a cikin kyallen makasudi na gefe. Waɗannan haɗin jinkirin rarraba jinkiri suna ba da ƙarin ƙari na haihuwa da bayanan aikin insulin na detemir. Insemir insulin ana nuna shi ta hanyar babban ƙarfin tsinkaya na aiki a cikin marasa lafiya idan aka kwatanta da insulin NPH ko gulingine insulin. Alamar da aka nuna na aiki shine saboda dalilai biyu: insulin detemir ya kasance cikin halin rushewa a kowane mataki daga nau'ikan sashirsa zuwa dauri ga mai karbar insulin da kuma tasirin jingina ga allurar albumin.
Ta hanyar yin hulɗa tare da takamaiman mai karɓa akan ƙwayar cytoplasmic na ƙwayoyin sel, yana samar da hadaddun insulin-receptor wanda ke motsa ayyukan ciki, gami da haɗakar enzymes da yawa (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase, da sauransu). Rage glucose na jini yana faruwa ne saboda karuwa a cikin jijiyoyin zuciya, karuwar ƙwayar nama, haɓakar lipogenesis, glycogenogenesis, raguwa a cikin ƙimar samar da glucose ta hanta, da sauransu Don allurai na 0.2-0.4 U / kg 50%, matsakaicin sakamako yana faruwa a cikin kewayon daga 3 4 hours zuwa 14 hours bayan gudanarwa. Bayan subcutaneous gwamnatin, mai pharmacodynamic amsa kasance gwargwado ga kashi ana gudanar (mafi girman sakamako, tsawon lokaci na aiki, general sakamako). Bayan allurar SC, detemir ya ɗaure wa albumin ta hanyar sarkar acid mai kitse. Saboda haka, a cikin yanayin matakan kwanciyar hankali, rage yawan insulin marasa kyauta yana raguwa sosai, wanda ke haifar da matakan tsayayyen glycemia. Tsawon lokacin aikin detemir a kashi na 0.4 IU / kg shine kusan awanni 20, don haka ana wajabta magungunan sau biyu a rana ga yawancin marasa lafiya. A cikin karatun na dogon lokaci (watanni 6), ƙwayar plasma mai azumi a cikin marasa lafiya da nau'in ciwon sukari ya fi kyau idan aka kwatanta da isofan-insulin, wanda aka tsara a cikin tushen / bolus far. Gudanar da cutar glycemic (glycosylated haemoglobin - HbA1c) yayin kulawa tare da insulin detemir ya kasance daidai da wannan a cikin jiyya tare da isofan-insulin, tare da ƙananan haɗarin haɓakar ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa da rashin haɓakar ƙashin jiki yayin amfani. Bayanin bayanan sarrafawar glucose na dare yana da fadi kuma har ma don detemir insulin idan aka kwatanta da insulin isofan, wanda aka nuna a cikin ƙananan haɗarin haɗarin hypoglycemia.
Matsakaicin ƙwayar detemir insulin a cikin jijiyoyin jini ya kai awoyi 6-8 bayan gudanarwa. Tare da tsarin kulawa na yau da kullum sau biyu, ana samun ingantaccen haɗarin ƙwayoyi a cikin jijiyoyin jini bayan allura ta 2-3.
Inactivation yana kama da na shirye-shiryen insulin na mutum, duk metabolites da aka kafa basa aiki. Karatun Bindiga a cikin vitro da a cikin vivo nuna rashin kyakkyawar mu'amala a asibiti tsakanin insulin detemir da kitse mai kitse ko wasu magunguna da suka danganta da kariyar jini.
Rabin rayuwar bayan allura sc an ƙaddara shi da ƙimar sha daga ƙwaƙwalwar subcutaneous kuma shine tsawon awanni 5-7, gwargwadon kashi.
Lokacin da s / zuwa gabatarwar taro a cikin ƙwayar jini ya kasance daidai gwargwado ga adadin da aka gudanar (mafi yawan maida hankali, matakin ɗaukar).
Groupsungiyoyin haƙuri na musamman
An yi nazarin abubuwan da ke cikin Pharmacokinetic a cikin yara (shekaru 6-12) da matasa (13-17 years) kuma idan aka kwatanta da manya tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na Iell. Babu wani bambance-bambance na asibiti mai mahimmanci a cikin kantin magunguna na detemir insulin tsakanin tsofaffi da matasa marasa lafiya, ko tsakanin marasa lafiya da ke fama da rauni na aiki da hepatic da lafiya marasa lafiya.

Yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi Insulin detemir

An tsara shi don gudanar da subcutaneous. An ƙayyade kashi ɗaya akayi daban-daban a kowane yanayi. Ya kamata a ba da insulin na Detemir sau 1 ko sau 2 a rana dangane da bukatun mai haƙuri. Marasa lafiya waɗanda suke buƙatar yin amfani da sau biyu a rana don ingantaccen iko na matakan glucose na jini na iya shiga cikin maraice na yamma ko dai lokacin abincin dare, ko kafin lokacin bacci, ko kuma awanni 12 bayan lokacin alfijir. Insulin din insemir yana allurar sc a cikin cinya, bangon ciki ko kafada. Ya kamata a canza wuraren allurar koda lokacin allura a cikin wannan yanki. Kamar yadda yake a cikin sauran insulins, a cikin tsofaffi marasa lafiya da marasa lafiya tare da renal ko hepatic insufficiency, ya kamata a kula da matakan glucose na jini sosai kuma ana iya daidaita sashin disemir daban daban. Gyaran matsakaita na iya zama dole yayin da ake inganta ayyukan jikin mai haƙuri, canza yanayin abincinsa na yau da kullun, ko tare da ciwo mai haɗari.

Sakamakon sakamako na insulin miyagun ƙwayoyi yana lalata

Abubuwan da ba a sani ba sun lura a cikin marasa lafiya da ke amfani da insulin magani na detemir sunada yawanci-na dogaro ne da haɓaka saboda tasirin magungunan insulin. Hypoglycemia yawanci shine sakamako mafi yawan lokuta. Hypoglycemia yana tasowa idan an gudanar da wani babban adadin magunguna dangane da bukatar insulin jikin mutum.
Za'a iya lura da halayen a wurin allurar tare da magani a cikin kusan 2% na marasa lafiya. An kiyasta yawan marasa lafiyar da ke karbar magani kuma waɗanda ake tsammanin haɓaka sakamako masu illa sun kasance kashi 12%. An gabatar da hadarin abubuwanda suka faru yayin gwaji na asibiti a kasa.
Tsarin cuta na rayuwa da rashin abinci mai gina jiki: akai-akai (1/100, ≤1 / 10).
Hypoglycemia: bayyanar cututtuka na hypoglycemia yawanci ba zato ba tsammani. Wadannan sun hada da “gumi mai-sanyi”, pallor na fata, kara gajiya, juyayi ko rawar jiki, damuwa, gajiya ko kasala, rarrabuwar kai, raguwar hankali, bacci, matsananciyar yunwar gani, ciwon kai, ciwon kai, tashin zuciya, bugun zuciya. Mai tsananin rashin ƙarfi na iya haifar da asarar hankali da / ko raɗaɗi, rashi na wucin gadi ko maye gurbin aikin kwakwalwa, har ma da mutuwa.
Janar cuta da halayen a wurin allura: akai-akai (1/100, ≤1 / 10).
Amsawa a wurin allura: Abubuwan kwantar da hankali a cikin gida (redness, kumburi da itching a wurin allurar) na iya haɓaka yayin aikin insulin. Wadannan halayen sune yawanci a cikin gajeren lokaci kuma sun ɓace tare da ci gaba da magani.
Rare (1/1000, ≤1 / 100).
Lipodystrophy: na iya haɓaka a wurin allurar saboda rashin bin ka'idodin canza wurin allurar tsakanin yankin guda. Edema: na iya faruwa a matakin farko na ilimin insulin. Wadannan alamu yawanci ne na wani lokaci.
Rashin rigakafin tsarin cuta: da wuya (1/1000, ≤1 / 100).
Allergic halayen: urticaria, fatar fata na iya haɓaka saboda tashin hankali. Alamar tabin hankali na iya haɗawa da itching, sweating, up gastrointestinal, angioedema, numfashi wahalar, palpitations, saukar karfin jini. Haɓaka halayen rashin kulawar jiki na iya zama haɗarin rayuwa.
Rage gani: da wuya (1/1000, ≤1 / 100).
Rashin sakewa: Abubuwan sakewa na iya faruwa a matakin farko na ilimin insulin. Wadannan alamu yawanci ne na wani lokaci. Rashin maganin ciwon sukari. Ingantawa na dogon lokaci a cikin kulawa na glycemic yana rage haɗarin ci gaban cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya Duk da haka, ƙaruwa na ilimin insulin tare da ingantacciyar haɓakawa a cikin sarrafa metabolism na metabolism na iya haifar da karuwa na ɗan lokaci a cikin alamun cututtukan ciwon sukari.
Rashin lafiyar tsarin juyayi: da wuya sosai (1/10000, ≤1 / 1000).
Peripheral neuropathy: Ingantaccen haɓakawa a cikin kulawar glycemic na iya haifar da yanayin ciwo mai ƙarewa, wanda yake juyawa koyaushe.

Umarnin na musamman don amfanin insulin din magani

Insemir insulin yana samar da ingantaccen iko na glycemic (dangane da ma'aunin glucose na plasma azumi) idan aka kwatanta shi da isofan-insulin. Insuarancin insulin ko dakatarwar jiyya, musamman tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na mellitus, na iya haifar da haɓakar haɓaka ko ƙwanƙwasa ciwon suga. A matsayinka na mulkin, alamun farko na cututtukan hawan jini suna bayyana a hankali, a cikin sa'o'i da yawa ko kwanaki. Wadannan alamomin sun hada da ƙishirwa, saurin fitar iska, tashin zuciya, amai, amai, jan jiki da bushewar fata, bushewar baki, rashin ci, kamshin acetone a cikin iska mai ƙuna. A nau'in ciwon sukari mellitus, ba tare da magani da ya dace ba, hyperglycemia yana haifar da ci gaban ketoacidosis na ciwon sukari kuma yana iya haifar da mutuwa. Hypoglycemia zai iya haɓaka idan kashi na insulin ya yi yawa sosai dangane da buƙatun insulin a cikin wani haƙuri. Cire abinci ko motsa jiki mai ƙarfi na iya haifar da cututtukan jini. Bayan ramawa game da metabolism na metabolism, alal misali, tare da ƙwaƙwalwar insulin mai ƙarfi, marasa lafiya na iya fuskantar alamu na yau da kullun na abubuwan da ke faruwa na hypoglycemia, game da abin da ya kamata a sanar da marasa lafiya. Alamun gargaɗi na yau da kullun na iya ɓacewa tare da dogon lokaci na ciwon sukari. Cututtukan da ke haɗuwa, musamman masu kamuwa da cuta tare da zazzabi, yawanci suna ƙaruwa da buƙatar jikin mutum na insulin.
Canja wuri daga sauran nau'in insulin
Canza haƙuri ga sabon nau'in insulin ko insulin daga wani mai ƙira ya kamata ya faru ƙarƙashin kulawa ta likita. Idan kun canza maida hankali, mai samarwa, nau'in, nau'in (dabba, ɗan adam, analogues na insulin mutum) da / ko hanyar samarwarsa (injin ƙirar asali ko insulin na asalin dabba), ana iya buƙatar daidaita sashi. Marasa lafiya suna canza magani insemir na iya buƙatar canza kashi idan aka kwatanta da allurai na insulin da aka yi amfani da su a baya. Bukatar daidaitawar sashi na iya tashi bayan gabatarwar kashi na farko ko a cikin weeksan makonnin farko ko watanni. Bai kamata a gudanar da insulin na insulin ba iv, saboda wannan na iya haifar da matsanancin rashin ƙarfi na jini. Rashin daidaituwa tare da gudanarwa na i / m yana da sauri kuma zuwa mafi girma idan aka kwatanta da gudanarwa na ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Idan insulin detemir ya gauraye da sauran nau'ikan insulin, bayanan kayan gaba ɗaya ko duka abubuwan zasu canza. Haɗuwa da detemir insulin tare da anael wanda yake aiki da su, kamar su insulin aspart, yana kaiwa ga bayanan aikin tare da rage girman sakamako da jinkiri idan aka kwatanta da gwamantin su.
Canja wuri daga insulins-matsakaici da tsawan insulin zuwa levemir insulin na iya buƙatar kashi da daidaita lokaci. Kamar yadda yake a cikin sauran insulins, yin hankali da hankali game da matakan glucose na jini yayin fassarar kuma a cikin farkon makonni na sabon aikin insulin yana bada shawarar. Yin gyaran kwatankwacin kwatancen maganin rashin daidaito (kashi da lokacin gudanarwar wasu nau'ikan insulin ko kuma yawan wakilai na bakin jini) na iya zama dole.
Ba a yin amfani da insulin din insemir don amfani da su a cikin matukan insulin.
Yi amfani da lokacin daukar ciki da lactation. A halin yanzu babu bayanai game da amfanin asibiti na insulin detemir yayin daukar ciki da lactation. Nazarin aikin haifuwa a cikin dabbobi bai bayyana bambance-bambance tsakanin detemir insulin da insulin mutum a cikin yanayin embryotoxicity da teratogenicity. Gabaɗaya, kulawa da hankali ga mata masu juna biyu da masu ciwon sukari a duk tsawon lokacin da suke ciki, da kuma lokacin da ake shirin ɗaukar ciki, ya zama dole. Bukatar insulin a cikin farkon farkon haihuwa yawanci yana raguwa, to a cikin na biyu da na uku yana ƙaruwa. Jim kaɗan bayan haihuwa, buƙatar insulin da sauri ya koma matakin da ya kasance kafin yin juna biyu. A cikin matan da ke shayar da nono, ana iya buƙatar daidaita sashin inulin da abinci.
Tasiri kan iya tuƙin mota da aiki tare da kayan aiki. Thearfin marasa lafiya su mai da hankali kuma ana iya rage ƙarfin tashin hankali yayin hypoglycemia ko hyperglycemia, wanda zai iya zama haɗari a cikin yanayi inda waɗannan damar ke da mahimmanci musamman (alal misali, lokacin tuki mota ko aiki tare da inji da injuna). Ya kamata a shawarci marassa lafiya su dauki matakan hana ci gaban hypoglycemia da hyperglycemia yayin tuki mota da aiki da hanyoyin. Wannan yana da mahimmanci musamman ga marasa lafiya da basu da cikakkun alamu na abubuwan ci gaban haila ko kuma yawan cututtukan cututtukan zuciya. A waɗannan halayen, yakamata a yi la'akari da dacewar tuki ko yin irin wannan aikin.

Abubuwan hulɗa da miyagun ƙwayoyi Insulin detemir

Akwai kwayoyi da yawa waɗanda ke shafar buƙatar insulin.
Ana inganta tasirin insulin hypoglycemic ta: baka hypoglycemic kwayoyi, Mao hanawa, ACE hanawa, carbonic anhydrase hanawa, ba zabe β-blockers, bromocriptine, sulfonamides, anabolic steroids, tetracyclines, clofibrate, ketoconazole, mebendazole, pyridoxine, theophylline, cyclophosphamide, fenfluramine, lithium, kwayoyi dauke da ethanol.
Sakamakon rashin lafiyar insulin ya raunana: maganin hana haihuwa, corticosteroids, hormones thyroid, thiazide diuretics, heparin, tricyclic antidepressants, tausayi ajuju, danazole, clonidine, jigilar allurar tasirin alli, diazoxide, morphine, phenytoin, nicotine. A ƙarƙashin rinjayar reserpine da salicylates, yana yiwuwa a raunana ko haɓaka aikin miyagun ƙwayoyi Octreotide / lanreotide, wanda duka biyu zasu iya haɓakawa da rage buƙatar jikin mutum na insulin. Ckers-adrenergic blockers na iya rufe alamun hypoglycemia da jinkirta murmurewa bayan hypoglycemia. Alcohol na iya haɓakawa da tsawaita sakamako na insulin.
Rashin daidaituwa
Wasu kwayoyi, alal misali, dauke da thiol ko sulfite, lokacin da aka kara detemir a cikin maganin insulin, na iya haifar da lalata. Sabili da haka, kada ku ƙara insulin detemir a cikin mafita na jiko.

Doauke da magunguna na insulin na disemir, alamu da magani

Akwai takamaiman kashi wanda zai ba da damar yin magana game da yawan adadin insulin da ya wuce, amma hypoglycemia na iya haɓaka a hankali idan aka gabatar da babban adadin ga mai haƙuri. Kwayar cutar yawan haila.
Jiyya: mai haƙuri na iya kawar da ɗimbin ƙwayar cuta mai narkewa ta hanyar shigar da glucose, sukari ko abinci mai-carbohydrate. Sabili da haka, ana ba da shawarar ga marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari don ɗaukar sukari, Sweets, cookies ko ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai zaki.Idan mai cutar hypoglycemia mai tsanani, lokacin da mara lafiya ya sume, 0.5-1 mg na glucagon v / m ko s / c, (wanda aka horar zai iya sarrafa shi), ko iv dextrose (glucose), ya kamata a gudanar dashi.
INSERT shiga 'info` (' ID`, 'Name', 'NameBase`,' TEXT`, 'Ishes', `Description`,` KeyWords`) KALMATAREN (likitocin likita ne kawai zasu iya shigar da su). Hakanan ya zama dole idan mara lafiyar ya sake murmurewa mintina 10-15 bayan gudanarwar glucagon. Bayan ya murmure, an shawarci mara lafiya da ya ci abinci mai cike da ƙwayoyin carbohydrates don hana sake komawa cikin cututtukan jini.

Jerin kantin magunguna inda zaku iya siyan insulin na disemir:

Tsarin saki, abun da aka shirya da marufi

Magani don sc gwamnati m, m.

Fitowa: glycerol, phenol, metacresol, zinc acetate, chloride sodium, sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, hydrochloric acid ko sodium hydroxide, ruwa d / i.

* Rukunin 1 yana ƙunshe da 142 μg na insulin-gishiri mara gishiri, wanda yayi daidai da naúrar 1. insulin mutum (IU).

3 ml - gilashin gilashin gilashi (1) - alkalami da yawa ana iya rarraba allurar siyarwa don maimaita allura (5) - fakitoci na kwali.

Aikin magunguna

Hypoglycemic magani. Yana da kwatankwacin kwatanci mai narkewa na insulin aikin ɗan adam tare da bayanan ayyukan lebur. An samar da shi ta hanyar kimiyyar halittar halittar DNA ta hanyar amfani da nau'in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Bayanin ayyukan miyagun ƙwayoyi Levemir ® FlexPen ® ba shi da wata ƙaranci sosai idan aka kwatanta shi da insulin-isophan da insulin glargine.

Tsawan aikin da miyagun ƙwayoyi Levemir ® FlexPen ® ya yi ne saboda bayyanar da haɗin kai na kwayoyin ƙwararru daga detemir insulin a wurin yin allurar da kuma ɗaukar kwayar magungunan zuwa albumin ta hanyar haɗin tare da sarkar gefen. Idan aka kwatanta da insulin-isophan, insulin detemir ya kasance mai sassauta hankali zuwa ƙirar makasudin yanki. Wadannan hanyoyin rarraba jinkiri da aka bayar sun samar da karin daukar abubuwa masu daukar hankali da bayanin aikin Levemir ® FlexPen ® idan aka kwatanta da insulin-isophan.

Yana hulɗa tare da takamaiman mai karɓa a kan ƙwayar cytoplasmic na sel na jikin mutum kuma yana samar da hadaddun insulin-receptor wanda ke motsa ayyukan cikin ciki, gami da kira na enzymes masu yawa (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase).

Rage yawan glucose a cikin jini shine saboda karuwa a cikin jijiyoyin zuciya, karuwar karɓar ƙwayoyin cuta, haɓakar lipogenesis, glycogenogenesis, da raguwa a cikin yawan samar da glucose ta hanta.

Don allurai na 0.2-0.4 U / kg 50%, matsakaicin tasirin miyagun ƙwayoyi yana faruwa a cikin kewayon daga 3-4 hours zuwa 14 hours bayan gudanarwa. Tsawan lokacin aikin ya kasance har zuwa awanni 24, gwargwadon sigar, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a gudanar da 1 lokaci / rana ko 2 sau / rana.

Bayan sc gwamnati, mai ba da magani ya kasance daidai gwargwado ga adadin da aka gudanar (mafi girman sakamako, tsawon lokacin aiki, sakamako na gaba ɗaya).

A cikin binciken na dogon lokaci a cikin marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari na 2 wanda suka karɓi basal na insulin a haɗe tare da magunguna na baki na hypoglycemic, an nuna cewa sarrafa glycemic (cikin sharuddan glycosylated haemoglobin - НbА_1s) a bango ta hanyar aikin jiyya tare da Levemir ® FlexPen ®, ya yi kama da na insulin-isophan da insulin glargine tare da kara nauyi.

Canja cikin nauyin jiki tare da ilimin insulin

A cikin binciken, yin amfani da maganin haɗin gwiwa tare da Levemir ® FlexPen ® da magungunan maganganu na baki a cikin 61-65% na lokuta sun rage haɗarin haɓakar haɓakar rashin bacci na dare, sabanin insulin-isophan.

A cikin karatun na dogon lokaci (≥6 watanni), ƙwayar cutar plasma mai azumi a cikin marasa lafiya da ke da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 na mellitus ya fi kyau idan aka kwatanta da magani tare da Levemir ® FlexPen ® idan aka kwatanta da insulin-isophan da aka wajabta don maganin basalin / bolus, ciki har da karatun da ya shafi yara da matasa masu shekaru 6 zuwa 17. Glycemic iko (HbA_1s) yayin yin jiyya tare da Levemir ® FlexPen ® ya kasance daidai da wancan tare da maganin insulin-isophan, tare da ƙananan haɗarin rashin lafiyar hypoglycemia a cikin dare kuma babu karuwa a cikin nauyin jiki tare da Levemir ® FlexPen

Bayanin bayanin kula da glycemic na dare yana da laushi kuma yana da ƙari tare da Levemir ® FlexPen ® idan aka kwatanta da insulin-isophan, wanda aka nuna a cikin ƙananan haɗarin haɓakar hauhawar dare.

Lokacin amfani da Levemir ® FlexPen ®, an lura da samarwa da kayan maye. Koyaya, wannan gaskiyar bata shafi sarrafawar glycemic.

Pharmacokinetics

Tare da sc gwamnati, taro yawa sun kasance gwargwadon yawan adadin da aka gudanar (C_max, digiri na sha).

C_max an cimma sa'o'i 6-8 bayan gudanarwa. Tare da tsarin aikin yau da kullun sau biyu na C_ss an cimma bayan 2-3 injections.

Bambancin ɗaukar ciki na cikin ƙananan ya kasance na Levemir ® FlexPen ® idan aka kwatanta da sauran shirye-shiryen insulin basal.

Matsakaici V_d detemir insulin (kamar 0.1 l / kg) yana nuna cewa yawan kashin insulin na insulin ya dauke cikin jini.

A cikin in vitro da kuma nazarin nazarin abubuwan gina jiki na vivo sun nuna rashi ma'amala tsakanin asibiti a tsakanin detemir insulin da mai acid ko wasu magunguna masu alakanta furotin.

Tsarin rayuwa na insulin detemir yana kama da na shirye-shiryen insulin na mutum, duk metabolites da aka kafa basa aiki.

Terminal T_1/2 bayan allurar sc, ana ƙaddara shi da matakin ɗaukar abu daga ƙwayar subcutaneous kuma shine sa'o'i 5-7, gwargwadon sashi.

Pharmacokinetics a cikin lokuta na musamman na asibiti

Babu bambance-bambance tsakanin jinsi tsakanin likitanci na Levemir ® FlexPen ®.

An yi nazarin abubuwan da ke cikin pharmacokinetic na miyagun ƙwayoyi Levemir ® FlexPen in a cikin yara (shekaru 6-12) da matasa (13-17 shekara) kuma idan aka kwatanta. Babu wani bambance-bambance a cikin kayyakin magunguna idan aka kwatanta da manya da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 1.

Babu bambance-bambance mai mahimmanci na asibiti a cikin kantin magani na Levemir ® FlexPen ® tsakanin tsofaffi da matasa marasa lafiya, ko tsakanin marasa lafiya da ke fama da rauni game da aikin hepatic da marasa lafiya masu lafiya.

Karatun Tsaro na Lafiya

Nazarin a cikin vitro a cikin layin sel na mutum, ciki har da karatu kan ɗaure wa masu karɓar insulin da IGF-1 (insulin-kamar haɓaka mai haɓaka), ya nuna cewa detemir insulin yana da kusanci ga duka masu karɓar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya kuma yana da ɗan tasiri kan haɓakar sel idan aka kwatanta da insulin ɗan adam.

Bayanai na asibiti dangane da karatun yau da kullun game da lafiyar kayan aikin magani, yawan guba, ƙwayoyin cuta, yuwuwar ƙwayar cuta, tasirin mai guba kan aikin haifuwa, bai bayyana wani haɗari ga ɗan adam ba.

Sakawa lokacin

Levemir ® FlexPen ® an yi niyya ne don sc gudanarwa.

Matsaka da mita na gudanarwar miyagun ƙwayoyi Levemir ® FlexPen ® an ƙaddara su akayi daban-daban a kowane yanayi.

Jiyya tare da Levemir ® FlexPen ® a hade tare da magungunan maganganu na baki, ana bada shawara don farawa da 1 lokaci / rana a kashi 10 PIECES ko 0.1-0.2 PIECES / kg. Ya kamata a zaɓi adadin Levemir ® FlexPen ® daban-daban dangane da ƙimar glucose. Dangane da sakamakon binciken, masu ba da shawarwari ne kan abubuwan da za a iya amfani da su: