Hawan jini 2 digiri 3 - haddasawa, bincike da hanyoyin magani

Ta hanyar hauhawar jini, likitoci suna nufin yanayin ƙara yawan hauhawar jini. Healthungiyar Lafiya ta Duniya ta ayyana takamaiman lambobi: systolic ko fifita sama da mm 140. Hg. Art., Da diastolic (ƙananan) - fiye da 90 mm. Hg. Art. Yawancin mutane kawai suna gane cutar a digiri na 2. Ta yaya hakan yake da haɗari?

A digiri da kasada na hauhawar jini

Mafi rarrabuwar kawunan wannan cuta shine rarrabuwa zuwa digiri gwargwadon iyakoki wanda galibi galibi akwai hawan jini. Yanki daga 120/70 mm. Hg. Art. har zuwa 139/89 mm. Hg. Art. likitoci sun kira shi "prehypertension", kodayake ga marasa lafiya masu raunin hankali (mutanen da yanayin su yake al'ada a 90/60 mm Hg), waɗannan lambobin sune dalilan kiran motar asibiti. Babban rarrabuwa na hauhawar jini:

Digiri na 1. Systolic - 140-159 mm. Hg. Art., Diastolic - 90-90 mm. Hg. Art. Yiwuwar dawowa matsin lamba yana da girma, na tsawon lokaci mai haƙuri yana jin ƙoshin lafiya.
Digiri na biyu. Systolic - 160-179 mm. Hg. Art., Diastolic - 100-109 mm. Hg. Art. Matsin lamba kusan baya komawa zuwa alamu na yau da kullun, nauyin akan tasoshin da zuciya yana da girma, akai-akai.
Digiri 3. Matsin lamba sama da 180/110 mm. Hg. Art. Koda a cikin rashin halayen abubuwan haɗari na waje, mai haƙuri yana haɓaka rikice-rikice, kuma raguwa kwatsam a matsa lamba yana nuna alamun rashin lafiyar zuciya.

Hadarin kwayar cuta yana da dogaro da matakin hauhawar jini, tunda a cikin mara haƙuri tare da ɓarna na tonometer daga ƙa'idar ta hanyar raka'a 20, da yiwuwar rikitarwa ga tsarin zuciya. Likitocin sun bambanta da kungiyoyin haɗarin nan:

1 - low. Yiwuwar rikice-rikice 15%.
2 - matsakaici. Hadarin ya tashi zuwa 15-20%. A mataki na 2, hauhawar jini koyaushe yana wanzu, har ma da lafiyar mai haƙuri.
3 - babba. Samun cutar cututtukan zuciya sune 20-30%. A cikin marasa lafiya da hauhawar hauhawar jini na 2, akwai abubuwan haɗari guda 3 ko lalacewar ƙwayar cuta.
4 - sosai. An nuna shi da yiwuwar rikitarwa sama da 30%. Peculiar ga masu ciwon sukari tare da digiri na biyu na hauhawar jini da sauran nau'ikan tare da digiri na uku.

Sanadin hauhawar hauhawar jini na 2

A cikin ilimin etiology na cutar (yanayin abin da ya faru), gado yana taka muhimmiyar rawa: a gaban dangi na kusa da hauhawar jini, haɗarin yana da girma sosai. Wannan ya faru ne sakamakon maye gurbi wanda ke hade da tsarin renin-angiotensin wanda ke kula da hawan jini. Baya ga batun kwayoyin halitta, akwai manyan adadin abubuwan da ke haifar da dalilai masu haɗari, musamman waɗanda ke da alaƙa da keta haddin endocrine, tsarin juyayi:

kiba, kiba (haɓaka kaya a kan zuciya, da sauri zai lalata zuciyar zuciya),
canje-canje masu dangantaka da shekaru na jijiyoyin bugun jini, aikin zuciya,
mummunan halaye (jarabar giya, nicotine),
rashin aiki na jiki (salon motsa jiki, rashin yawan motsa jiki na yau da kullun),
ciwon sukari mellitus (yana kara hadarin rikicewar zuciya),
akai-rai damuwa-tausayawa yanayi, damuwa yanayi (tsakanin juyayi tsarin da renin-angiotensitive karfi dangantaka),
babban cholesterol, atherosclerosis (sclerotic vascular cuta),
karancin abinci mai gina jiki (cin gishirin gishiri, abinci mai kitse, mai yaji),
rashi na potassium da magnesium a cikin jiki (ƙirƙirar haɗarin matsaloli tare da aiki da zuciya).

Bayyanar cututtuka GB 2 digiri hadari 3

A sabili da tushen cutar hawan jini a kodayaushe, mutanen da aka kamu da cutar hawan jini na digiri 2 hadarin 3 sun koka da kusan dagewa, matsanancin zafi a cikin zuciya sakamakon karancin jini zuwa ga jijiyoyin zuciya (angina pectoris), yawan zafin zuciya, da kuma rasa hassada a sararin samaniya. A cikin takamaiman hoton asibiti akwai:

gajiya, rashin aiki,
numbasa na wata gabar jiki (musamman yatsunsu)
na gani acuity
samarin
tashin hankalin bacci
tinnitus, rashin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa (alamun haɗarin cerebrovascular).

Rashin hauhawar jini

Wani mummunan yanayin gaggawa, wanda ake nunawa da haɓakar haɓaka da hawan jini, shine ɗayan alamun haɗari mafi haɗari na hawan jini na 2. Yana buƙatar amfani da magungunan antihypertensive nan da nan don iyakance lalacewar gabobin da aka yi niyya ko hana shi. Akwai rarrabuwa a asibiti na duniya na wannan yanayin:

Rikicin hauhawar jini - tare da raunin gaske ga kodan, kwakwalwa, zuciya, gani, na buƙatar asibiti cikin gaggawa da magani a asibiti.
Ba a haɗa shi ba - ba ya buƙatar asibiti, gabobin da ake amfani da su ba su illa (ko abin ya shafa a hankali), yana buƙatar kulawa ta likita a cikin sa'o'i 24.

Tushen pathogenesis (tsarin abin da ya faru) cin zarafi ne na tsarin jijiyoyin bugun gini, saboda wanda arterioles suke spasmodic, bugun zuciya ya tashi sosai kuma hawan jini ya tashi. Abubuwan da ke cikin ciki suna fama da hypoxia (rashin isashshen oxygen), wanda ke kara haɗarin rikitarwa na ischemic (cuta na jijiyoyin jini). Bayyanannin asibiti na rikicin hauhawar jini:

kaifi mai kaifi,
karancin numfashi
matsin lamba ya haura zuwa 200/140 mm. Hg. Art. (Da wuya mafi yawan dabi'u ake lura)
amai, amai,
rikicewa.

Hadarin mummunan rikicewa yana ƙaruwa a cikin marasa lafiya tare da tarihin cututtukan zuciya, ƙwaƙwalwar kwakwalwa. Rikicin hauhawar jini wanda ba a daidaita shi yana da kyakkyawan tsinkaye tare da taimakon lokaci, kuma rikitarwa na iya haifar da:

bugun jini
inna
retine detachment,
basur,
infarction na zuciya
m
haila

Lalata lalacewar jikin mutum

Binciken "hauhawar jini na 2, hadari na 3" yana da haɗari sosai ba a cikin mummunan yanayi ba tare da hauhawar matsin lamba da alamun rashin jin daɗi gaba ɗaya, amma kamar canje-canje a gabobin da aka yi niyya, galibi ba a sauyawa. Idan ana fuskantar tasoshin jijiyoyi, mara lafiyan yana da cikakkiyar bayani, wanda ba zai iya warkewa ba. Baya ga su sha wahala:

Zuciya sashin jiki ne mai lalacewa wanda lalacewarsa tayi asara saboda infarction na zuciya. Rashin nasara yana ƙaruwa a hankali: sanƙarar myocardial, bayyanar cunkoso a ventricle hagu. A cikin hoto na asibiti, akwai alamun cutar ischemic (arrhythmia, angina pectoris), gazawar zuciya (kumburi kafafu, tachycardia, cyanosis - cyanosis na fata, membran mucous).
Kodan - haɓakar nama mai haɗari ya zama sanadiyyar take hakkin aikin filt, juzu'in abubuwan da dole ne a keɓe su. Mai haƙuri yana da alamun rashin lalacewa na koda: ƙirar fitsari mai yawa, ƙoshin fata, ƙonewar jiki, rashin bacci, azotemia (haɓaka samfuran samfuran metabolic a cikin jini).
Kwakwalwa - tare da rikicewar wurare dabam dabam, rikicewar jijiyoyin jiki, rashi, asarar daidaituwa a sarari, an rage yawan aiki, ana lura da hankali. Tare da ɓarkewar hankali a cikin abubuwan abinci na kyallen takarda da mutuwarsu, hankali yana ƙaruwa, ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, haɓakawa (dementia) tana haɓaka.

Hawan jini

A cikin marasa lafiya waɗanda aka gano tare da hauhawar hauhawar jini na 2, hadarin 3, kusan babu komawar dabi'un yau da kullun: ana nuna matsa lamba na sama a kan tonometer a tsakanin 160-179 mm. Hg. Art., Da ƙananan guda - 100-109 mm. Hg. Art. Increasearuwar lambobi a hankali, tsawaita. Wasu likitoci sunyi magana game da digiri na 2 na hauhawar jini tare da karuwa a matsa lamba ta hanyar raka'a 30-40 daga saba (don masu haƙuri, ƙimar 130/95 mm Hg mai yiwuwa ne).

Shin zai yuwu a magance hauhawar jini na digiri na biyu

Tare da ziyartar likita na lokaci da kuma tsananin kulawa da tsarin dabarar warkewa, yanayin aikin yana da inganci idan babu mummunar lalacewar gabobin da aka yi niyya.Hawan jini na digiri na 2, inda hadarin ya kasance 3 ko 4, an kula da shi shekaru da yawa, tunda yana da mahimmanci ba kawai daidaita hawan jini ba, har ma:

rage hadarin rikitarwa da hana mutuwa daga gare su,
aiwatar da gyara na abubuwan haɗari (kiba mai yawa, cholesterol, da sauransu),
kawar da cututtukan da ke tare da juna.

Hanya game da kula da hauhawar jini yana da wahala. Sisarfafa shine kan ilimin maganin ƙwaƙwalwa, makirci wanda likitan likitanci ya haɗa akan tushen magunguna daban-daban na kungiyoyin magunguna. An ɗauke su cikin darussan tare da gajeren hutu. Bugu da ƙari, an wajabta mai haƙuri a rage cin abinci, bayyana fasalin rayuwar madaidaiciya. Tare da rikicewar hauhawar jini, ana gudanar da magunguna a cikin jijiya, bayan haka sun canza zuwa Allunan.

Ganewar lokaci

Marasa lafiya waɗanda suka riga sun kasance a ƙarƙashin kulawar likita tare da bayyanar cutar "hauhawar jini na 1", tare da gazawar jiyya da bayyanar sabbin alamun 2 ana iya isar da su ta atomatik. Sauran, bayan tattara bayanan anamnesis da kuma nazarin koke-koke, dole ne a gudanar da cikakken bincike, wanda ya fara da gwaje-gwajen jiki:

auna karfin jini tare da mai duba karfin jini,
binciken da yanayin na gefe tasoshin,
duba fata na fata (redness), kumburi,
tsinkaye (bugawa) na kunshin jijiyoyin jiki,
jarrabawar jari-hujja tare da ɗaliban ɗalibai tare da magani na musamman,
sauraron kirji tare da kwayar cutar alade (huhu, zuciya),
yanke hukunci akan zuciya ta amfani da tsinkaye.

Bugu da ƙari, ana buƙatar saka idanu na mako biyu na hauhawar jini, wanda aka auna da safe bayan farkawa da maraice, ana buƙatar. Ba a yin wannan kai tsaye bayan abinci ko motsa jiki (tsayayya da rabin sa'a ko awa daya), a cikin kwanciyar hankali. Bayan wannan, mara lafiyan ya dauki gwajin jini da fitsari, yana yin wasu hanyoyin bincike na kayan aiki don gano raunuka gabobin wadanda ke da halayyar fasalin hauka 2:

Duban dan tayi na tsarin endocrine, kodan, hanta, koda.
ECG (echocardiogram) tare da kimantawa na aikin lantarki na tsokoki na zuciya da / ko duban dan tayi na zuciya - kulawa ta musamman akan yiwuwar lalata (damuwa), lalatawar zuciya.
Dopplerography of jini - don gano ƙwanƙwasa daga cikin arteries.
Fuskarwar da ake samu a ciki - sabanin dabarar binciken da akayi ne don gano canje-canje na jijiyoyin jiki a cikin asusun.

Magungunan magani

Ga marasa lafiya waɗanda a cikin hawan jini na jijiya na 2 wanda ke cikin haɗari 3, farjin ya ƙunshi magunguna waɗanda ke rage karfin jini (hypotensive), kare gabobin waɗanda ke motsa jiki (bitamin, antioxidants) da kuma kawar da alamun rashin jin daɗi (antiarrhythmic, anticonvulsant, analgesics). Mafi inganci da magunguna masu mahimmanci don hauhawar jini:

angiotensin yana canza tsofaffin enzyme (ACE)

Lisinopril, Captopril, An karɓa, Enalapril

hana ayyukan sinadarin angiotensin-mai juya enzyme, saboda wanda aka kirkiro angiotensin-2 (yana ba da gudummawa ga vasoconstriction), rage jinkirin rushewar bradykinin (mai lalata jijiyar jini), rage proteinuria (ƙara yawan furotin a cikin fitsari), da rage haɗarin mutuwa daga infarction myocardial.

Masu hana ARB (masu hana masu karɓar angiotensin-2, sartan)

Lozap, Mikardis, Teveten, Valsacor

rage matakin adrenaline da aldosterone, matsin lamba a cikin jijiyoyin bugun jini, ta da tasirin diuretic, rage yawan aiki a kan zuciya, inganta aikin koda, tsokani tashin hankali na hagu na jini.

allunan tashar alli

Diltiazem, Verapamil, Amlodipine, Nifedipine, Felodipine

hana shigar azzakari cikin farji daga alli ions zuwa cikin tsokoki sel zuciya, fadada na jijiyoyin zuciya da kuma na wurare, taimaka jijiyoyin bugun gini spasm

Rasilez, Rasilam, Co-Rasilez (na karshe 2 - tare da katangar alli)

dakatar da jerin abubuwan canzawa na angiotensin (hana aikinsa), fadada jijiya, rage haɗarin rikicewar cutar sankarar mahaifa

Bisoprolol, Concor, Sandonorm, Egiloc, Corvitol

rage sakin renin cikin jini, rage yawan zuciya, rage ayyukan cibiyoyin annashuwa a tsarin tafiyar da zuciya, kara sautin arterioles

thiazides (tsariyar thiazide)

Furosemide, Hypothiazide, Indapamide

rage reabsorption (baya juyewar) na sodium, ƙara haɓaka (excretion) na potassium, rage juriya na tasoshin yanki, rage ƙarar jini na ciki

aldosterone antagonists (na koda diuretics)

Veroshpiron, Aldactone, Vero-Spironolactone

potassium-sparing diuretics da ke haɓaka fitowar soda, chlorine da ruwa, suna ba da tasirin sakamako mai ƙarfi

Atorvastatin, Cardiostatin, Zovastikor

rage taro na rashin wadataccen sinadarin lipoproteins a cikin jini, rage cholesterol,

Aspecard, Cardiomagnyl, Acecardol

tsoma baki tare da tarawar platelet (gluing), rikice rikicewar thromboxane ba tare da izini ba

Magungunan magungunan gargajiya

Yana hana hauhawar jini na 2 daga ci gaba, hana ci gaban renal, rage haɗarin rikice-rikice a cikin zuciya da gabobin hangen nesa, kula da juyayi, kwantar da jijiyoyin - waɗannan sune manufofin maganin ganye na amfani da maganin gargajiya. An ba da shawarar yin amfani da su azaman hanyar magani, da inganta tasirin magani. Kyakkyawan sakamako ana ba da ta:

antihypertensives - hawthorn, kirfa, Clover,
magani mai daɗaɗawa (jin daɗi) - motherwort, valerian, chamomile, Mint,
diuretics - nettle, bearberry,
zuciya - hawthorn,
pidanƙantar da kai - tansy, ganye,
vasodilator - St John's wort, Fennel, Dandelion.

Ana amfani da ganye don shirya broths mai karfi, shayi har ma da wanka, amma ƙarshen yana shafar tsarin juyayi fiye da matsin lamba. Musamman ingantattun abubuwa masu rikitarwa waɗanda ke hana ci gaban tafiyar matakai a cikin gabobin da ake ciki da kuma alamun nuna ƙarfi:

Haɗa hawthorn, oregano, fure mai fure, periwinkle da yarrow (1: 1: 1: 1: 2). 1auki 1 tbsp. l tarin, zuba ruwan zãfi (250 ml). Nace rabin sa'a, sha 50 ml rabin sa'a kafin abinci 3-4 p / rana. Jiyya yana wata daya.
Mix motherwort, coughweed, hawthorn (furanni), Birch ganye, horsetail (2: 2: 2: 1: 1), daga 1 tbsp. l gilashin ruwan zãfi. Kunsa tare da tawul, nace awa daya. Sha a kowace rana, raba sau 5-6. An tsara hanya don makonni 4.

Abincin far

Yarda da ka'idodi na abinci mai gina jiki ga mutanen da ke da hauhawar jini na 2 ya kamata ya zama tsawon rai, musamman idan akwai tsinkayar gado ga wannan cuta ko cutar sankara. Dangane da tarihin likita na wani mai haƙuri, likita zai iya yin abincin mutum (yin la'akari da cututtukan cututtukan hanta, koda, da dai sauransu). Manyan ka'idodi sune kamar haka:

Rage yawan gishirin da ake ci: ƙa'idar yau da kullun ita ce 5 g. Wannan ya haɗa ba kawai salts na kankare da jita-jita lokacin dafa abinci ba, har ma da adadin da ake samu a samfuran masana'antu. A matakin fashewa, don kawar da haɗarin rikice-rikice, ana cire gishiri gaba ɗaya kuma bayan haka ba a amfani da shi a cikin abincin don wani makonni 2-4 don rigakafin.
Amfanin yau da kullun na tushen potassium da magnesium don kula da zuciya da jijiyoyin jini: ayaba, busassun apricots, zabibi, buckwheat, oatmeal, kwayoyi (almonds, walnuts sun fi son). Tushen mai mai zai zama da amfani: kifi, man zaitun.
Kula da yawan adadin kuzari na yau da kullun: wannan zai taimaka hana karuwar nauyi. Tabbatar ka kiyaye yadda ake ragin BZHU. Yana da muhimmanci musamman a lura da yawan mayukan dabba da na kayan lambu - 3: 7, don hana karuwa cikin cholesterol.
Ku ci abinci kaɗan: ku ci har sau 6 a rana a cikin ƙaramin rabo.
Sha ruwa mai tsabta a cikin yawan 1,2 l / rana ko fiye. An yarda da ruwan ma'adinai, amma tare da mafi ƙarancin yawan sodium. Idan hauhawar jini na digiri na 2, hadarin 3 ya karu, an rage yawan ruwan da zai koma 800 ml / rana.

Abincin ya dogara da rukunin tsire-tsire na kayan lambu (kayan lambu, 'ya'yan itatuwa, berries, kwayoyi, hatsi) tare da ƙaramin ƙaramin nama, kifin, da abincin teku. Marasa lafiya tare da hauhawar jini na aji na 2 yana buƙatar cire abincin da ke motsa tsarin tsakiyar jijiya, yana haifar da matsala a cikin tsarin endocrine, yana zubar da kodan:

Menene shi - hauhawar jini na digiri na biyu

Halin hauhawar jini ana san shi da ci gaba da hauhawar jini, i.e., haɓakar haɓakar jini sama da 130/80 mm RT. Art. Ya danganta da matakin wuce gona da iri kamar yadda aka ƙayyade, an ƙaddara matakin cutar. Ilimin halitta ya ci gaba a kullun, tsawon watanni ko ma shekaru. A cikin irin wannan yanayin na dogon lokaci, yana da wahala a lura da ci gaban cutar, amma yakan faru - sannu a hankali amma tabbas sojojin da ke raunin jiki sun ƙoshi, kuma cutar ta ci gaba zuwa mataki na gaba.

Digiri na 2 yana nufin matsin lamba yayi hawa zuwa cikin kewayon miliyan 160 zuwa 179 mm Hg. Art. don babba, matsa lamba na systolic, da 100-109 mm Hg. Art. m. Waɗannan lambobi ne masu girman gaske, saboda haka wannan binciken yana buƙatar rigakafin rikicewar hauhawar jini, gyaran rayuwa, saka idanu na yau da kullum na matsin lamba da kuma maganin ƙwayoyi.

Wani muhimmin yanayin don tasirin magani shine sauyin rayuwa - kawar da rashin aiki na jiki, ƙin halaye mara kyau, ƙoshin jiki da tunanin mutum, daidaituwar aiki da hutawa, abinci mai ƙoshin lafiya tare da ƙarancin gishiri.

Matakan hauhawar jini

Ya danganta da shan kashi na gabobin ciki tare da mafi girman kewaya jini (abin da ake kira gabobin jiki ko gabobin girgizawa, wanda sama da wasu ke buƙatar abinci mai ɗorewa da mara lafiya), an bambanta matakai uku na cutar:

Mataki na 1 - jin daɗin haƙuri abu ne na al'ada, ana yin ƙara yawan matsa lamba, amma ba a gano raunuka na gabobin ciki da tsarin ba, har da rashin ƙarfin aikinsu,
Mataki na 2 - ana lura da canje-canje na cututtukan jini a cikin gabobi da parenchyma na gabobin ciki, ana aiwatar da lalacewar gabobin girgiza - koda, hanta, zuciya da kwakwalwa yana farawa. A kan macrodrug, basur a cikin gabobin ana gani, ingancin aikinsu yana raguwa. Mataki na biyu ana nuna shi ta hanyar rashin mahimmancin lalacewa ga guda ɗaya ko ƙari gabobin,
Mataki na 3 - ana lura da rikice-rikice daga gabobin girgiza, suna shan wahala, cutar baƙuwar ciki ce, wanda aka maye gurbinsu da ƙwayoyin haɗi. Alamar tabarbarewa daga tsarin daban-daban - kwakwalwa, zuciya, nazari na gani. Ciwan mai haƙuri ya tsananta, akwai babban haɗarin rikice rikicewar hauhawar jini. Marasa lafiya a wannan matakin ya zama tilas a kowane lokaci don shan kwayoyi don kula da rayuwa ta yau da kullun.

Hawan jini na digiri na biyu na iya zama a kowane mataki.

Matakan Ilimin Hauka (Pathology Hazard)

Akwai matakai da yawa na haɗarin cutar. Sun ƙayyade yadda girman yiwuwar rikice-rikice yake, har zuwa yanzu canje-canje a cikin mahimman gabobin sun tafi, don haka suna taimakawa haɓaka cikakkiyar dabarar warkewa.

Hadarin 1 yana nufin cewa yiwuwar rikice-rikice yayi ƙasa, ƙasa da 15%. Canje-canje ga gabobin girgiza kaɗan ne ko ba a bayyanasu ba. Cututtukan na yau da kullun da sauran abubuwanda zasu iya yin tasiri ga cutar sannan kuma suka kawo cikas ga aikinta babu su.

Alamar cututtukan zuciya sun hada da gajeruwar numfashi, bugun zuciya, arrhythmias, rauni da damuwa, matsi, kirji, da kuma lokaci-lokaci tari mara amfani.

Rashin haɗarin hauhawar jini na digiri na 2 na digiri na 2 yana da alaƙa da kasancewar akalla abubuwan haɗari uku, kamar shan sigari, yawan kiba, yanayin rayuwa mai tsauri, da ciwon suga na ciwon suga. Abubuwan da ke cikin ciki ke shafa. Canje-canje kuma yana shafar tsarin jini - ta hanyar yin bincike, yana yiwuwa a tantance alamun alamun lalacewar wasu gabobin a cikin jini.Akwai bayyananne alamun halayyar hawan jini.

Hadarin na 3 na hauhawar jini na digiri na 2 - wannan yanayin yaɗu cikin tsofaffi. Wannan ya faru ne saboda asarar elasticity a bangon jijiyoyin jini. Hanyar cutar tana da rikitarwa ta hanyar wasu cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, alal misali, cututtukan zuciya na jijiyoyin jini, wanda ya taƙaita a cikin mummunan tasirinsa tare da dilatation ko raunin raunin zuciya. Rikicin kwararar jini yana shafar duk ayyukan jiki.

Hadarin na 4, mafi tsananin ciwo, ana alaƙa da ƙwarewar ɓacin rai na cututtuka ko cututtukan ƙwayar cuta na dogon lokaci, galibi ana nuna shi a tarihin likita na haƙuri. Wannan matakin haɗarin ya kasance na hali ga marasa lafiya da atherosclerosis na jijiyoyin bugun gini a mataki na plaque da toshewar lumen, bayan infarction myocardial, bugun jini, ko kuma tashin hankali ischemic. Hadarin na 4 yana buƙatar binciken likita na yau da kullun da tallafin likita.

Sanadin faruwa

Hauhawar jini cuta ce mai tarin yawa, hanya guda bayyananniya wacce ba za a iya kafa ta ba; ƙwayar cutar tasa tana shafar tsarin da yawa. Koyaya, an san cewa babban hanyar ƙara matsa lamba shine ƙirƙirar mummunan yanayin da ke hade da haɓaka taro na renin da ke cikin jini ta hanta. Renin a cikin huhu ya juya zuwa angiotensin I, sannan kuma ya zama cikin angiotensin II - ɗayan mafi ƙarfi daga vasoconstrictors (i.e., vasoconstrictor abubuwa) na asalin halitta a jikin mutum. Wannan yana ƙarfafa rufin aldosterone, yana rinjayar ɓoyewar vasopressin da riƙe ruwa mai riƙewa. Mataki na ƙarshe shine kumburi na endothelium na jijiyoyin bugun gini, inda ions sodium da ruwa suka hau.

Wanda ya girmi tsohuwar mutum, marassa saukin tasoshin sa, kuma mafi muni zasu iya jure bugun zuciya ba tare da matsi ba. Mata suna da kariya ta dabi'a ta hanyar estrogen - yana da matukar rage matsin lamba, don haka suna da hauhawar jini sau da yawa za su bushe bayan menopause.

Tunda tushen dalilin irin wannan cakudawar halayen cuta yawanci ba zai yiwu ba a gano shi, an gano abubuwan haɗari waɗanda ke shafar haɗarin ƙwayar cuta. Wadannan sun hada da:

shan taba sigari - abubuwan da ke shan sigarin sigari suna haifar ba kawai haushi na gida na itacen tagulla ba, amma har da vasospasm mai tsanani. Wannan yana haifar da ischemia, wanda ke da haɗari musamman ga kwakwalwa da tasoshin yanki. Karkatacciyar cramps (sau da yawa a rana) ta rushe aiki na cibiyar vasomotor, kuma tasoshin suna rama zuciya bugun zuciya,
kiba - wuce haddi na jiki yana bayyane ba kawai daga waje ba, kitse mai ma yana cikin jiki. Tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jiki yana aiki da kyau sosai da yawan adadin jinin da yake buƙatar tsiyaye shi ta hanyar microvessels a cikin tsopose nama, da kuma yawan abubuwan da suke cikawa,
cholesterolemia - cholesterol mai yawa a cikin jini yana haifar da samuwar kitse mai laushi da layin, sannan kuma plaques. A plaque keta mutuncin bango na jijiyoyin bugun gini, yana haifar da kunkuntar lumen jirgin ruwa, a gida yana ƙara matsa lamba a gado na jijiyoyin bugun gini,
ciwon sukari mellitus - ya keta dukkan nau'ikan metabolism, sabili da haka, yana da mummunar tasiri ga samar da makamashin zuciya, da kuma amfani da cholesterol da sauran abubuwanda ke shafar hawan jini,
shekaru da jinsi - tsofaffi mutum, da m sassauya tasoshin su ne, kuma mafi muni zasu iya jure bugun zuciya ba tare da matsi ba. Mata suna da kariya ta halitta ta hanyar estrogen - yana rage hawan jini, don haka haɓakar haɓakar su sau da yawa ta fara halarta bayan hailarta, lokacin da haɓakar estrogen din ta ragu sosai. Maza suna samun hauhawar jini a tsufansu, saboda tasoshinsu ba su da kariyar homon,
kwayoyin halittar jini - an gano kwayoyin halittu sama da 20 wadanda suke wasu alaƙa da karuwar matsin lamba da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar zuciya.Idan dangi na jini ya sha fama da hauhawar jini, to akwai yiwuwar samun rashin lafiya yana ƙaruwa sosai.

Abubuwan da ke lalata ƙwayoyin cuta sun zama ruwan dare tare da aji 3, amma kuma yana iya faruwa tare da aji na 2 yayin tashin hankali, musamman waɗanda suke rikitarwa.

Bayyanar cututtuka na hauhawar jini na digiri na biyu

Bayyanar cutar ta dogara ne ga wadancan gabobi da tsarin wadanda suke fama da cutar hawan jini da isasshen kwararar jini. Akwai cututtukan zuciya, cerebral (cerebral), na koda, da alamu waɗanda ke da alaƙa da lalacewa ta fata. Koyaya, babban yana ƙaruwa zuwa 160-179 / 100-109 mm Hg. Art. BOKA.

Alamar cututtukan zuciya sun hada da gajeruwar numfashi, bugun zuciya, arrhythmias, rauni da damuwa, matsi, kirji, da kuma lokaci-lokaci tari mara amfani.

Cerebral: ciwon kai mai tauhwa, damuwa na bacci, damuwa, bacci, tinnitus, tashin zuciya (yayin tashin hankali - kafin amai). Wataƙila raguwa a ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, aiki, rashin tausayi, ƙarancin motsa jiki, gajiya mai sauri.

Tare da lalacewar koda, ana lura da dysuria (maimaitawa sosai ko, akasin haka, urination mai saurin sha, nocturia), canje-canje a cikin halayyar da bayyanar fitsari, edema (taushi, mai dumi, ana lura da safe bayan barci na dare).

Lalacewar baya shine halin hangen nesa, raguwar kwari ko bayyanar hazo a gaban idanun, duhu a idanun.

Binciko

Yayin binciken, likita ya bi wani algorithm. Cutar ganewar asali ta fara ne da tarihi da kuma binciken haƙiƙa na mai haƙuri, wanda bayan haka ana auna matsin lamba sau uku a hannu biyu, an ƙayyade ƙimar matsakaicinta. Bayan wannan, an aika mai haƙuri don bincika bayyanar cutar - ECG da duban dan tayi na zuciya don tantance dilatation ko hauhawar jini, jarrabar ƙungiyar don kasancewar tasoshin da aka canza da lalacewar diski diski.

Gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje sun hada da cikakken bincike na jini da fitsari, gwajin jini na kwayoyin halittu, ƙaddarar tattara ƙwayar cholesterol kyauta, ƙaddarar ƙimar ƙirar ƙasa, ƙirar creatinine.

Tare da hauhawar jini na digiri na 2 tare da babban haɗari, ana iya samun nakasa, wannan kwamiti na musamman ne ya yanke wannan shawarar game da nazarin takaddun da likitan halartar ya bayar.

Digiri na biyu a aji yawanci ana buƙatar magani.

Ana amfani da rukunonin magungunan masu zuwa:

diuretics - cire ruwa a jiki, rage ƙin yaduwar jini, sauƙaƙa kumburi, daidaita metabolism na ruwa-gishiri. Amfani da su ana aiwatar da shi sosai a ƙarƙashin kulawa na likita, tunda akwai haɗarin haɓaka rikicewar ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta. Wannan rukunin ya hada da Furosemide, Lasix, Mannitol, Veroshpiron, Hypothiazide, Indapamide,
ACE blockers - hana canzawar zuwa renin zuwa angiotensin, ta haka ne ya karya jerin kwayoyin cutar hawan jini. Magunguna masu inganci a cikin wannan rukunin sune captopril, lisinopril, hartil,
beta-blockers - ɗaura da kuma toshe beta-adrenergic masu karɓa, ta haka ne daidaita ayyukan ƙa'idar aiki, da haifar da hutu na jijiyoyin jini. Bugu da ƙari ga tasirin hypotensive, suna da ikon kawar da arrhythmia kuma daidaita al'ada sake zagayowar zuciya. Wannan rukunin ya hada da atenolol, bisoprolol, nebivolol,
masu kaifin kazami - abubuwa masu sanyin jiki a jikin bangon jirgin ruwa an rage su ne saboda ma'amala da ion ions. Magungunan da ke toshe tasirin kazari kuma sune masu adawa da ita suna hana karuwar jijiyoyin jini, ta takaita lumen su da kuma kara matsa lamba. Waɗannan su ne nifedipine, amlodipine, verapamil,
kwayoyi na ƙarin ƙungiyar - magunguna waɗanda ke aiki akan tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, abubuwan kwantar da hankali, hanyoyin kwantar da hankali, kwanciyar hankali da sauransu.

Bugu da ƙari, akwai magunguna masu haɗuwa da yawa don rage matsin lamba, wanda ya haɗa da abubuwa masu aiki da yawa, suna ba da cikakken sakamako.

Digiri na 2 yana nufin matsin lamba yayi hawa zuwa cikin kewayon miliyan 160 zuwa 179 mm Hg. Art. don babba, matsa lamba na systolic, da 100-109 mm Hg. Art. m.

Wani muhimmin yanayin don tasirin magani shine sauyin rayuwa - kawar da rashin aiki na jiki, ƙin halaye mara kyau, ƙoshin jiki da tunanin mutum, daidaituwar aiki da hutawa, abinci mai ƙoshin lafiya tare da ƙarancin gishiri.

Sakamakon da nakasa

Sakamakon hauhawar jini na iya zama mai wahala idan ba'a yi magani kan lokaci ba. Abubuwan da ke lalata ƙwayoyin cuta sun zama ruwan dare tare da aji 3, amma kuma yana iya faruwa tare da aji na 2 yayin tashin hankali, musamman waɗanda suke rikitarwa.

Wataƙila ci gaban cututtukan zuciya, wanda nan ba da jimawa ba zai haifar da rauni na mahaifa, ci gaban ciwo ko ƙwanƙwasawar zuciya, mummunan haɓakar cerebrovascular (bugun jini), haɓakar ƙwayar cuta, rashin lafiyar jijiyoyin jiki, gazawar bayyanar cututtukan cututtukan zuciya na aorta ko wasu manyan jijiya, rushewarta.

Tare da hauhawar jini na digiri na 2 tare da babban haɗari, ana iya samun nakasa, wannan kwamiti na musamman ne ya yanke wannan shawarar game da nazarin takaddun da likitan halartar ya bayar.

Mun baku damar kallon bidiyo akan taken labarin.

Mai tsananin matsalar

Kamar yadda al'adar ke nunawa, hauhawar jini na digiri na 1, digiri na biyu ya yi “sake sabuntawa” a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. A wannan matakin farko na ilimin cutar sankara, marasa lafiya ba sa cika kulawa. Gaskiya ne gaskiya a cikin yanayi inda rashin lafiyar ba ta tare da kowane bayyanin raɗaɗi wanda ya sabawa yanayin rayuwa. Don taimako, mutane suna fara juyawa kawai lokacin da suka ji mummunan gaske. Wannan na taimaka wajan haifar da rikice-rikice a kan asalin karuwa da sauri-matsin lamba zuwa lambobi masu mahimmanci. A sakamakon haka, lokacin da mutane suka zo ga likitoci, suna da hauhawar jini na digiri na 2, na 3. Kuma sau da yawa ilimin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan cuta suna hawa mataki na biyu, suna wucewa kai tsaye daga farko zuwa na uku. Na karshen yana bayyana ta hanyar mawuyacin rikice-rikice - bugun jini, bugun zuciya. Wannan halin ne ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa hauhawar jini na digiri na biyu ya mamaye wani wuri na musamman a cikin aikin zuciya a yau.

Labarin Batsa

Hawan jini wani ciwo ne na kullum. Babban bayyana shine hauhawar jini. A cikin ka'idodin duniya, ana ɗaukar hauhawar jini a matsayin yanayin da ake lura da karuwa a matakan jini na al'ada: systolic - fiye da 140 raka'a, diastolic - sama da 90. mentaƙwalwa sau uku na sigogi yayin rana ko ƙuduri sau biyu na lambobin ɗaukaka a cikin mako ana ɗauka yanayin rashin daidaituwa ne don gyara GB. A wasu halayen, yanayin shine kawai hauhawar jini a cikin yanayin ko yanayin yanayin, yana ɗaukar aikin ada ada. A zahiri, ma'aunin tonometric na alamun yana aiki a matsayin kawai tabbatar da hauhawar jini a cikin kowane mataki. Dangane da bayyanuwar farko, ana kiran ilimin halittar mahimmanci ko kuma kawai hauhawar jini. Yayin binciken, yana da matukar mahimmanci a cire wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da canje-canje a cikin alamun. Musamman, sun haɗa da ilimin cutar koda, rashin lafiyar adrenal, hyperthyroidism, hauhawar jini na neurogenic, pheochromocytoma da sauransu. A gaban kowane ɗayan waɗannan cututtukan, ba shi yiwuwa a bincika hauhawar jini.

Sanadin cutar sankara

Daga cikin abubuwanda zasu haifar da alaqa da hauhawar jini, ya kamata a lura:

Tsarin kwayoyin halitta.
Rashin magnesium da alli a cikin abinci.
Yawan cin abinci mai gishiri.
Shan taba.
Amincewa da giya
Kiba mai yawa ta hanyar rashin kunya ko nau'in abinci mai gina jiki.
Zagi da kofi ko shayi mai karfi.
Wajibai da matsayi a cikin al'umma.
Mutuwar psychoemotional akai-akai.

Kayan aikin ci gaba

Abubuwan da aka lissafa a sama suna haifar da kunnawar haɗin gwal na hormonal sympathoadrenal. Tare da kullun aiki, spasm yana faruwa a cikin ƙananan tasoshin yanayi mai ɗorewa. Wannan shine ainihin hanyar da ke haifar da karuwar matsin lamba. Canje-canje a cikin alamu suna cutar da wasu jikin. Kodan sun fi shafa musamman. Tare da ischemia, an fara tsarin renin. Yana ba da haɓakar mai biyo baya saboda ƙarin ƙwayar jijiyoyin bugun jini da riƙewar ruwa. Sakamakon haka, ana ƙirƙirar da'irar mugunta tare da hanyoyin da aka bayyana.

Tsarin ilimin Pathology

A wannan al'amari, matakai da digiri ya kamata a bambanta su sosai. Na biyu shine halin da matsin lamba yake hauhawa. Matakan suna nuna hoton asibiti da rikitarwa. A dangane da manufar duniya, matakan hauhawar jini na iya kama da haka:

Ba'a gano canje-canje na gabobin cikin gabobin da rikitarwa ba.
Samuwar sakamako mai haɗari a cikin nau'in bugun zuciya da bugun zuciya.
Akwai alamun perestroika a cikin gabobin ciki na ciki wanda ke da alaƙa da hawan jini: cututtukan zuciya na hauhawar jini 2 digiri, canje-canje a cikin asusun kuɗi, lalacewar cibiyar sadarwar jijiyoyin bugun zuciya, ƙwayar wrinkled koda.

Madaidaici

Ma'anar haɗarin haɗarin zuciya yana nufin kimantawa na matakin haɓaka rikice rikice a cikin wani haƙuri. Wannan ya zama dole don haskaka waɗancan marasa lafiya waɗanda waɗanda ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman game da alamun nuna matsin lamba. A wannan yanayin, duk abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da hangen nesa, hanya da haɓaka ilimin ƙwaƙwalwa ana la'akari dasu. Wadannan rukunan masu zuwa sun wanzu:

Marasa lafiya na dukkan jinsi biyu, wanda shekarunsu basu gaza shekaru 55 ba, suna da matakin farko na hauhawar jini, baya ga raunin cututtukan ciki da zuciya. A wannan yanayin, matakin haɗarin ƙasa da 15%.
Marasa lafiya tare da digiri na farko, na biyu na hauhawar jini, baya tare da canje-canje a tsarin gabobin. A lokaci guda, aƙalla abubuwan haɗari guda uku suna nan. Matsayi mai haɗari a wannan yanayin shine 15-20%.
Marasa lafiya tare da farko, digiri na biyu GB tare da abubuwan haɗari uku ko fiye. A wannan yanayin, canje-canje na tsarin a cikin gabobin ciki an bayyana. Marasa lafiya waɗanda suka kamu da cutar hawan jini na 2, haɗari 3, za a iya ba su tawaya. Matsayi mai haɗari a wannan yanayin shine 20-30%.
Marasa lafiya tare da digiri na biyu na hauhawar jini da rikitarwa ta hanyar abubuwan haɗari da yawa. A wannan yanayin, an yi canje-canje da tsarin tsarin halitta a cikin gabobin ciki. Hauhawar jini na digiri na 2, hadarin 4 ya dace da matakin haɗari fiye da 30%.

Hoto na asibiti

Ta yaya hauhawar jini na digiri na biyu ke bayyana kanta? Cutar cututtukan cututtukan da ba a haɗa su da su ba kamar haka:

Jin zafi a cikin yanayin yanayin motsawa, an sanya shi a cikin wuyansa ko temples.
Arrhythmia, tachycardia, palpitations.
Janar rauni.
Rashin damuwa a kan asalin rikicin.

Daga cikin alamun cutar, ya kamata a lura da alamun kayan lalacewar kwakwalwa, kodan, zuciya, da kuma asusu. Don tabbatar da waɗannan raunukan, an wajabta ECG ga mara lafiya. Electrocardiography yana ba ku damar gano alamun cututtuka irin su hauhawar jini a cikin ventricle na hagu, karuwar ƙarfin lantarki a cikin hakora na tushe.

Bincike

Kamar yadda ƙarin matakan bincike, an wajabta mai haƙuri:

ECHO cardiography.
Karatun jari.
Duban dan tayi na kodan.
Binciken kwayoyin halittu game da rawar lipid da jini.
Karatun Glycemic.

Hawan jini na digiri na biyu: sojoji

Sau da yawa sau da yawa, rikice-rikice suna faruwa yayin aiki a cikin rundunonin Sojoji ko kai tsaye lokacin yin sojoji a matsayin masu nuna alamun matsin lamba. Haka kuma, sojoji suna karkatar da irin wadannan matasa wadanda suka dace. Sojoji ko takaddama na neman yin hidima ba tare da tsangwama ga lafiyar kansu ba.Dangane da doka, ana ganin hauhawar jini na 2 a matsayin cikakken contraindication ga kiran idan an tabbatar dashi daidai. Irin waɗannan matasa ko dai an ba su izini, ko kuma a tura su don maganin warkewa, sai a lura da batun dacewa da sabis.

Rashin ƙarfi

Don kafa ƙungiyar tawaya na musamman, hukumar, ban da matakan bunƙasa cutar, tana yin la’akari da waɗannan masu biyowa:

Kasancewar rikice-rikice da kuma tsananin ƙarfin su.
Yawan da mita na rikice-rikice.
Abubuwan ƙwararru suna ƙayyadadden takamaiman yanayin aiki.

Don haka, don marasa lafiya tare da hauhawar jini na 2, haɗari 3, ana iya samun nakasassu na rukuni na uku. A wannan yanayin, ilimin halittar kansa yana da hanya ta al'ada, tare da raunin ƙananan raunuka na gabobin ciki. Saboda waɗannan dalilai, marasa lafiya suna cikin rukuni tare da ƙarancin haɗari. Theungiyar nakasassu a wannan yanayin an kafa ta ne musamman don aiki mai dacewa. A cikin lokuta masu rauni na cutar, matsakaici ko raunin ƙwayar cuta na iya faruwa. Zuciyar zuciya a wannan yanayin ita ma ana kimantawa a matsayin matsakaici. A wannan yanayin, ana ba mai haƙuri rukunin nakasassu na biyu. An dauke shi ba mai aiki. A cikin digiri na uku na cutar, marasa lafiya suna karɓar rukunin nakasassu na 3. A wannan yanayin, an lura da mai zuwa:

Ci gaban ilimin cuta.
Kasancewar mummunan lalacewa, lalatawar gabobin ciki.
Zuciyar zuciya tayi maganar.
Ana samun iyakokin mahimmancin kulawa da kai, motsi da sadarwa.

Matakan warkewa

Jiyya na hauhawar jini na digiri na 2 ya kamata a yi niyya da farko don kawar da abubuwan da ke haifar da haɓaka cutar. Magunguna kadai ba shi da tasiri. Kunshin matakan ya hada da masu zuwa:

Cire munanan halaye (dakatar da shan sigari da kuma shan giya).
Banda shi ne kofi da kuma shayi mai karfi.
Untatawa game da amfani da gishiri da ruwa.
Yawan ciyar da abinci. A saukad da abubuwan narkewa a cikin abinci mai narkewa, abinci mai yaji ana cire shi daga abincin.
Gyara yanayin zamani.
Kamawar damuwa da tabin hankali. Idan ya cancanta, likita zai iya ba da magunguna don maye gurbin, kamar su Corvalol, Fitosed da sauransu.
Gyara ciwon sukari da kiba.

Bayyanar ƙwayar cuta

Shan magani yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman. Magungunan ƙwayoyi yana nufin duka don kawar da hauhawar jini da kanta. An tsara magunguna ta hanyar da ta dace. Na farko, ana nuna karfi masu rauni, sannan masu karfi. Dabarar ta ƙunshi amfani da magunguna guda ɗaya da rukuni na kwayoyi. Marasa lafiya waɗanda suka kamu da cutar hawan jini na aji 2 yawanci ana umurta su:

Masu tallata Adrenoreceptor. Waɗannan sun haɗa da Bisoprolol, Metoprolol.
Masu hana karɓar Angiotensin. Daga cikinsu akwai magunguna "Valsartan", "Losartan."
ACE masu hanawa. Wannan rukunin ya hada da kwayoyi "Lisinopril", "Enalapril."
Diuretics "Veroshpiron", "Hypothiazide", "Trifas", "Furosemide".
A hade magungunan "Tonorma", "Equator", "Enap N", "Kaptopres", "Liprazid".

Kulawa da hauhawar jini na aji na 2 ya hada da daidaita ayyukan zuciya, kazalika da zagayawa na hanji. Ana saka sigogi da ayyukan tsarin. Babban yanayin don watsawa mai tasiri shine ci gaba na matakan warkewa a ƙarƙashin kulawa ta kusa da kwararru. An ba da fifiko musamman ga alamun nuna karfin jini. Suna buƙatar gyara su akai-akai. Yawan shan kwayoyi ko rukuni na kwayoyi ya kamata ya zama kullun. Kawai sashi na kwayoyi suna daidaita. Lokacin da ake rubuta magunguna, ba kawai yanayin hanya da kuma lokacin da cutar ke cikin la'akari ba.An tsara alƙawarin sashi da tsarin jituwa daidai gwargwadon haƙuri da sauran halaye na mutum na haƙuri. Idan kun sami wani sakamako wanda ba a so yayin shan kwayoyi, dole ne ku ziyarci likita nan da nan.

Sanadin hauhawar jini

Likitocin sun ce mutane bayan shekaru 50 suna da haɗarin hauhawar jini a aji na 2, yayin da lumen a cikin shekarun jini, narkewar ƙwayar lumen, kuma ya zama da wahalar tafiya akan su.

Wato, hauhawar jini na aji na 2, haɗarin ba kowa bane, sabanin daraja ta III, wanda magani yafi wuya. Zuciya tana yin ƙarin ƙoƙari don yin hawan jini, wanda ke bayanin haɓakar hawan jini.

Ko yaya, akwai wasu dalilai da yawa:

na jijiyoyin zuciya atherosclerosis (asarar dabi'a na jijiyoyin jini),
kwayoyin halittar jini
munanan halaye (shan taba, shan giya),
sunada kiba (karin karin fam, mafi girman kasadar rashin lafiya),
ciwon sukari irin na 1, 2,
hargitsi na thyroid gland shine yake,
yawan gishiri mai yawa a cikin abincin
neoplasms na yanayi iri-iri,
lalata jijiyoyin jiki
hormone rashin daidaituwa.

Sauran dalilan don haɓaka hauhawar jini na aji na 2 zai zama cututtukan ƙwayar fitsari, ƙodan, yawan tsawan psychoemotional aiki, da aikin kwance.

Da farko, hauhawar jini yana haɓakawa a cikin tsari mai sauƙi, matsin lamba tare da shi yana ƙaruwa da ba fiye da raka'a 20-40 ba. Idan ka auna matsin lamba akai-akai, zaka ga cewa yana tashi daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Laifin irin wannan shirin ba shi da nasaba da rayuwar mutum; zai iya lura da su kwata-kwata. A wannan lokacin, jiki yana dacewa da canje-canje. Lokacin da aka ƙara matsa lamba a tsaye, yana rinjayar aikin yawancin gabobin da tsarin.

Yana yiwuwa mai haƙuri zai sami matsala ta hawan jini, wanda zai iya haifar da:

bugun jini
bugun zuciya
asarar hangen nesa
edema, huhu.

Hadarin 2, 3, 4

Hawan jini ba magana bane!

An daɗe da yin imani da cewa ba shi yiwuwa a kawar da hauhawar jini gaba ɗaya. Don jin kwanciyar hankali, kuna buƙatar shayar da magunguna masu tsada koyaushe. Shin hakane da gaske? Bari mu fahimci yadda ake maganin hauhawar jini a nan da Turai.

Likitocin sun rarraba hauhawar jini gwargwadon matsayin hadarin da zai iya ɗaukar ta. A lokaci guda, abubuwan da za su iya tsananta yanayin lafiyar, da yiwuwar lalacewar gabobin da aka yi niyya, da gabobin tunani.

mara lafiya mutum ne kuma ya fi shekara 50 girma,
a cikin plasma, cholesterol shine milliyan 6.5 a kowace lita,
tarihi ya auna nauyin mummunan gado,
haƙuri yi murmushi na dogon lokaci,
yana da aiki kwance.

Hadarin cutar hauhawar jini na 2 shine bincike ne wanda za'a iya yin shi yayin rashin rikice-rikice daga tsarin endocrine, bugun jini kuma a gaban hawan jini. Wuce kima zai kara dagula lamarin.

Tare da yiwuwar 20-30% na hadarin canje-canje na juyayi a cikin zuciya - wannan haɗarin 3 digiri. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana ba da wannan maganin ga masu ciwon sukari da ke da jijiyoyin kibiyoyin cuta, raunuka na kananan jiragen ruwa. Mafi muni, yanayin kodan zai yi nisa da al'ada.

Sanadin cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini zai zama daɗaɗar lalacewa a cikin kewayawar jijiya. Hawan jini na digiri na biyu tare da hadarin 3 ba baƙon abu bane ko da a tsakanin mutane 30-40 shekara.

Idan tarihin hauhawar jini yana da yawancin waɗannan cututtukan, to yana da haɗarin matakai 4. Theara yawan matsin zai yi ta ƙaruwa da ƙaruwa ta hanyar keta alfarma a cikin gabobin da ke ciki. Hadarin na 4 tare da hauhawar jini a mataki na 2 an faɗi lokacin da mai haƙuri ya kamu da ciwon zuciya, ba tare da la’akari da wurin cutar ba.

Ya kamata a fahimta cewa haɗarin kawai hasashen hasashe ne, ba alama ce mai nuna komai ba:

Matsayin haɗarin hauhawar jini zai iya yin hasashen yiwuwar rikitarwa.Amma a lokaci guda, ana iya hana irin waɗannan matsalolin idan kun kula da lafiyarku da umarnin likita tare da cikakken alhakin (bi da ingantaccen tsarin rayuwa, tabbatar da haɗa abinci mai kyau, ranar aiki na yau da kullun, kwanciyar dare mai kyau, da saka idanu kan cutar hawan jini).

Bayyanar cututtuka na mataki 2 GB

Halin hauhawar jijiyoyin jiki a cikin kashi na 2 ana saninsa da karuwar matsin lamba zuwa matakin 160-180 / 100-110 mm. Hg. Art. Misalan alamu na cutar sune:

kumburi da fuska, musamman tsinkaye,
nauyi da azaba a kai,
jan fata na fuskar fuska (hyperemia),
jin gajiya, gajiya koda bayan bacci da hutawa,
bogi na firgita "tsakiya" a gaban idanun,
kumburi da hannun
bugun zuciya
hayaniya, ringing a cikin kunnuwa.

Bugu da ƙari, ba a cire alamun bayyanar cututtuka: raunin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, rashin daidaituwa na tunani, matsaloli tare da urination, vasodilation na sunadaran ido, ɓoyewar ganuwar ventricle hagu.

Yana faruwa cewa marasa lafiya masu kara kuzari suna koka game da cikakkun rashi ko rashin jin tsoro a cikin matakai na yatsunsu da yatsun kafa, wani lokacin jini da yawa suna kwarara zuwa fuska, kuma raunin gani ya fara. Idan babu ingantaccen magani a kan kari, sakamakon zai zama rashin zuciya, saurin ci gaba da atherosclerosis, aikin nakasa mai aiki.

Bayyanar cututtukan hawan jini zai haifar da matsala da yawa yayin daukar ciki, amma wannan baya hana mace yin haihuwa da haihuwa ta haihu. Amma tare da hauhawar jini na III, an haramta yin ciki da haihuwa, tunda akwai babban haɗarin mutuwar mahaifa a lokacin haihuwa. Idan matsalar hauhawar jini ba ta riski mace mai fama da hauhawar jini ta 2 ba, za ta iya haihuwa ta halitta.

Wani abu kuma shine idan aka ɗaura nauyin tarihin matar. A duk lokacin daukar ciki da haihuwa, irin wannan mace dole ne koyaushe ya kasance karkashin kulawar likitocin da ke halartar su. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a lura da yanayin tayin, bugun zuciyarsa. Kuna iya buƙatar shan kwayoyin cewa:

da kyau yana tasiri lafiyar mata
ba zai shafi jaririn da ba a haifa ba.

A cikin aikin likita, an sami lokuta idan, a cikin farkon farkon, alamun alamun jini ya fadi zuwa al'ada ko akasin haka, matsanancin ya karu sosai.

Lokacin da mace ta sami alamun hauhawar jini, hawan jininta yana tsayawa, to zata iya fama da cututtukan guba a lokacin haihuwa. Wannan ya cutar da yanayin uwa da yaro. Sauran bayyanar cututtuka na iya farawa, alal misali, matsaloli tare da idanu, gani, ƙaruwar kai, hauhawa, amai da ba ta kawo sauƙi.

Daga cikin mummunan hadaddun rikice-rikice na wannan yanayin, ya kamata a lura da fitowar retinal da zubar jini a ciki.

Hanyoyin jiyya

Ya kamata a kula da hauhawar jini ba tare da la’akari da digiri ba, kodayake, idan za a iya magance hauhawar jini ta hanyar canza abinci da ƙaddamar da ɗabi'a mara kyau, digiri na 2 na ilimin halittar cuta yana buƙatar yin amfani da allunan. Yawancin lokaci ana yin magani ne ta likitan ilimin gida ko kuma likitan zuciya, wani lokacin ana buƙatar shawarar neuropathologist.

A koyaushe ana yin magani

Allunan rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta don rage karfin jini da kwayoyi a cikin wasu nau'ikan sashi na iya taimakawa wajen magance cutar: Hartil, Physiotens, Bisoprolol, Lisinopril. Tare da yin amfani da kullun, za su hana rikicin hauhawar jini, rikitarwa.

Mai haƙuri tare da hauhawar jini za a rubuta shi magungunan da ke rage matakin mummunan cholesterol: Atorvastatin, Zovastikor. Ana yin sikelin jini ta hanyar Cardiomagnyl, Aspicard. Yana da mahimmanci a ɗauki irin waɗannan kwayoyin a kan lokaci, hanya ɗaya da zasu ba da sakamako mai kyau, hana rikicewar hauhawar jini.

Developirƙirar ingantaccen magani, likita zai zaɓi magungunan da za a iya haɗe da juna ko kunna kaddarorin juna. Idan ba a zaɓi wannan haɗin daidai ba, to akwai haɗarin rikitarwa.

Lokacin ƙirƙirar hanyar magani don wata cuta, ana la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan da ake la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan:

shekaru haƙuri
mataki na jiki,
kasancewar rikicewar tsarin endocrine,
ciwon zuciya, gabobin zuciya,
matakin cholesterol jini.

Shan magungunan, ana nuna kulawar karfin jini don tantance irin martanin da jikin zai yiwa magani. Idan ya cancanta, ana amfani da wasu kwayoyi don magani, suna ba da irin wannan sakamako a cikin hauhawar jini.

Rashin hauhawar jini

Akwai rarrabuwa masu zuwa na cutar a cikin digiri:

Digiri 1 - matsin lamba akan 140-159 / 90-99 mm. Hg. Art.
Digiri na biyu - 160-179 / 100-109 mm. Hg. Art.
Digiri 3 - 180/100 mm. Hg. Art.

Mafi haɗari shine digiri na uku, wanda akwai rashin nasara ga gabobin manufa: kodan, idanu, ƙwanƙwasa. Tare da rikitarwa na cutar tare da atherosclerosis (saka jari a cikin jirgin ruwa), huhun ciki, cututtukan zuciya, mummunan rikicewar gabobin ciki an kafa su. A bango daga cikin ire-iren wadannan nau'ikan cututtukan cuta, zubar jini a cikin parenchyma na gabobin yana faruwa. Idan ya bayyana a cikin kwayar ido, akwai yuwuwar makanta, a cikin ƙodan - gazawar koda.

Akwai rukunoni masu haɗari 4 don hauhawar jini:

M (1 hadarin)
Matsakaici (haɗarin 2),
Babban (hadarin 3)
Yayi girma sosai (haɗarin 4).

Lalacewa ga gabobin da aka yi niyya yana faruwa ne a haɗarin rukunin 3. Ya danganta da ainihin asalin cutar sakandare ta cutar hawan jini, rarrabuwa ya bambanta nau'ikan cutar guda 3:

A gefe guda, ana rarrabe wani nau'in cutar hawan jini, wanda a ciki ake lura da canje-canje masu saurin hawan jini. A matakin farko na cutar, ba a lura da alamun bayyanar cututtuka ba, amma canje-canjen da ke gaba suna haɗuwa cikin hankali:

Ciwon kai
Girgiza kai a kai
Rashin damuwa
Sensation na kara da jini ga kai
Ajiyar zuciya

Lokacin da Pathology ya wuce daga digiri 1 zuwa na biyu, alamun cutar na sama sun zama na dindindin. A mataki na uku na cutar, ana lura da raunuka na gabobin ciki, wanda rikice rikice masu zuwa suka haifar:

Hagu na hauhawar jini,
Makafi
Sustolic zuciya gunaguni,
Retinitis ne angiospastic.

Raba nau'in nau'in hawan jini yana da matukar mahimmanci don zaɓin dabarun magani mafi kyau don cutar. Idan ba a yi isasshen magani ba, za a iya samun matsala ta hauhawar jini, wanda lambobin matsin lamba suka wuce sigogin kimiya.

Hawan jini na digiri na 1: alamu da magani

Hawan jini na digiri na 1 ba a bayyana ta lalacewar gabobin da aka yi niyya. Daga cikin dukkan siffofin, na farko shine mafi sauki. Koyaya, a kan asalinsa akwai alamun rashin gamsuwa:

Ciwon kirji
Lickarfin "kwari" a gaban idanu,
Ajiyar zuciya
Dizziness

Abubuwan da ke haifar da wannan nau'in cutar iri ɗaya ne da na sauran nau'in hauhawar jini.

Yadda za a magance hauhawar jini na digiri na 1:

Sauke nauyi. Dangane da nazarin asibiti - tare da kowane asarar kilogram 2, nauyin yau da kullun yana raguwa da mm 2 mm. Hg. Art.
Barin munanan halaye,
Ricuntataccen kitse na dabba da gishiri,
M aiki a jiki (haske a guje, tafiya),
Rage abinci dauke da alli da potassium,
Ricuntatawa da damuwa na hankali,
Antihypertensive jami'ai a matsayin-da-hade far,
Decreaseara raguwa da sannu-sannu a matsa lamba ga ƙimar ƙirar (140/90 mm Hg),
Magungunan ƙwayar cuta don haɓaka tasiri na kwayoyi.

Don magance cutar, duk shawarwarin da ke sama ya kamata a bi.

Hauhawar jini na digiri na biyu: tashin hankali hauhawar jini - menene

Hauhawar jini na digiri na 2 na iya zama rukuni na 1, 2, 3 da 4. Mafi kyawun alamar cutar ita ce rikicin hauhawar jini. Tare da shi, ba wai kawai abubuwan da ke cikin ƙwayar cuta ke shafa ba cikin hanzari, amma kuma canje-canje na sakandare na faruwa a cikin tsakiya da na jijiyoyin juyayi.

Rikicewar hauhawar jini shine haɓaka mai ƙarfi da rashin tsammani a cikin karfin jini tare da canza canjin jini zuwa gabobin ciki. A kan tushen ilimin halayyar cuta, an yi magana akan saɓawar asalin rayuwar psychoemotional. Abubuwan da ke ba da hankali game da yanayin shine amfani da gishiri mai yawa, canjin yanayi. Musamman haɗari shine rikicin tare da lalatawar kai da zuciya a gaban yanayin cututtukan cuta a cikinsu.

Menene alamun cutar hawan jini 2 digiri 2 haɗari a cikin rikici:

Jin zafi a bayan ƙwanƙwalwar ƙwallon ƙafa yana haske zuwa ramin kafada
Ciwon kai
Rashin sani
Dizziness

Wannan mataki na hauhawar jini cuta ce da ke haifar da rikice-rikice masu zuwa wadanda zasu haifar da canje-canje da yawa. Yana da wuya a warke shi da magani ɗaya na antihypertensive. Kawai tare da maganin warkewa zai iya tabbatar da nasarar sarrafa hawan jini.

Rashin hauhawar jini 2 hadarin 2

Hauhawar jini a cikin digiri na biyu na 2 hadari yakan haifar da tushe na cututtukan jijiyoyin bugun zuciya, wanda angina ta ke fama da shi (matsanancin zafi a bayan tsananin da rashin wadatar jini a cikin jijiya). Bayyanar cututtuka na wannan nau'in cutar ba ta bambanta da hauhawar jini na digiri na 2 na rukunin hadarin farko. Sai kawai an lura da lalacewar tsarin zuciya.

Wannan nau'in cutar yana nufin tsananin matsakaici. An dauki wannan nau'in cututtukan masu haɗari saboda, bayan shekaru 10, cututtukan zuciya suna haɓaka cikin 15% na mutane.

Tare da haɗarin 3 na digiri 2 na hawan jini mai mahimmanci, yiwuwar faruwar cutar zuciya bayan shekaru 10 shine 30-35%.

Idan kiyasin abin da ya faru ya fi ƙarfin 36%, to ya kamata a ɗauka haɗarin 4. Don ware lalacewar tsarin na zuciya da rage yawan canje-canje a gabobin da aka yi niyya, yakamata a gano cutar a cikin lokaci.

Binciken lokaci na lokaci shima zai iya rage ƙarfi da yawan tashe-tashen hankula masu yawa dangane da asalin cutar sankara. Dangane da asalin cutar raunuka, ana rarrabe nau'ikan rikicin kamar haka:

M - tare da tsokoki mai rawar jiki
Edematous - kumburi na ƙusoshin ido, bacci,
Neuro-vegetative - abinci mai ƙarfi, bushewar bushe, ƙarancin zuciya.

Tare da kowane ɗayan waɗannan nau'ikan cutar, waɗannan rikice-rikice masu zuwa:

Fitsari na farji
Nau'in cututtukan zuciya (mutuwar zuciya tsoka),
Kurawa daga kwakwalwa
Cerebrovascular cuta
Mutuwa.

Hauhawar jini na digiri na 2 tare da haɗarin 2 da 3 yana faruwa sau da yawa a cikin mata.

Rashin hauhawar jini 2 hadarin 3

Hawan jini na Level 2; haɗarin 3 yana haɗuwa da lalacewar ƙwayar cuta mai lalata. Yi la'akari da sifofin canje-canje na cututtukan zuciya a kodan, kwakwalwa da zuciya.

Yadda abin ke lalata gabobin:

Jinin da ke cikin kwakwalwa yana raguwa, wanda ke haifar da kishi, amo a cikin kai, da raguwar iya aiki. Tare da dogon lokaci na cutar, bugun zuciya (mutuwar zuciya) yana haɓakawa tare da raunin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, asarar hankali, dementia,
Canje-canje na zuciya yana ci gaba a hankali. Da farko, karuwa a cikin myocardium yana faruwa a cikin kauri, to, an samar da canje-canje masu tsauri a cikin ventricle hagu. Idan ƙwayar jijiya daga ciki ya shiga, raunin myocardial zai bayyana kuma akwai yiwuwar mutuwar sankara ta kasance,
A cikin kodan gaba da baya na hauhawar jini, tsokar nama yana girma a hankali. Sclerosis yana haifar da gurbatawa da gurɓata abubuwa. Wadannan canje-canjen suna haifar da gazawar koda.

Hawan jini 3 hadarin 2

Hutun hauhawar jini na 3 tare da haɗarin 2 yana da haɗari sosai. Yana da alaƙa ba kawai tare da lalacewar gabobin masu niyya ba, amma har da fitowar wasu cututtuka: ciwon sukari, glomerulonephritis, pancreatitis.

A matakin digiri na uku na cutar, ana yin hawan jini (sama da 180/110 mm Hg). Tare da wannan nau'in hauhawar jini, hauhawar yawan matsa lamba yana faruwa.Ko da a kan asalin magungunan antihypertensive, yana da matukar wahala a kai ga ƙimar dabi'ar dabbobi. Tare da digiri 3 na hauhawar jini, matsaloli masu zuwa sun bayyana:

Glomerulonephritis,
Rashin lafiyar zuciya (arrhythmia, extrasystole),
Raunuka na kwakwalwa (raguwar lokacin jijiya, nakasa, raunin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya).

A cikin tsofaffi, hauhawar jini na 3 ana saninsa da yawan adadin matsa lamba sosai sama da mm 180/110. Hg. Art. Irin waɗannan lambobi na iya haifar da lalata jijiyoyin bugun jini. Hadarin cutar ya karu kan asalin wani matsalar hauhawar jini, wanda hawan jini yake "birgima". Koyaya, tare da hauhawar jini tare da haɗarin 3, lambobin sun fi mahimmanci, kuma rikitarwa na iya haifar da mutuwa. Ko da haɗuwa da magani tare da kwayoyi da yawa ba ya haifar da raguwa a cikin matsin lamba.

Rashin hawan jini 3 hadarin 3

Rashin hauhawar jini na haɗarin digiri na 3 3 ba kawai mai tsanani ba ne, amma har da nau'in barazanar rayuwa. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana lura da mummunan sakamako ko da a lokacin warkarwa tare da wannan nau'in cutar don shekaru 10.

Duk da gaskiyar cewa a cikin digiri 3 da yiwuwar lalacewar ƙwayar cuta ba ta wuce 30% na shekaru 10, amma ƙididdigar hawan jini mai haɗari na iya haifar da hanzari zuwa koda ko rashin zuciya. Sau da yawa, marasa lafiya da ke da hauhawar jini na 3 suna da bugun jini na jini.

Koyaya, yawancin likitoci sunyi imanin cewa tare da hauhawar jini na digiri na 3 da na 4, yiwuwar mummunan sakamako ya yi yawa, tunda babban matsin lamba ya wuce 180 mm. Hg. Art. da sauri m.

Hawan jini 3 yanayin hadarin 4

Tare da hauhawar jini na 3 tare da haɗarin 4, alamu masu yawa suna faruwa. Mun bayyana mahimman alamu na wannan nau'in cutar:

Dizziness
Jin ciwon kai
Daidaituwa mai daidaituwa
Rashin gani
Gyaran wuya
Rage hankali
Haɗaɗɗa
Harshen Paresis,
Rage hankali
Rashin daidaituwa.

Wadannan bayyanar cututtuka alama ce ta hawan jini sama da mm 180. Hg. Art. A hadarin 4, mutum zai iya fuskantar rikice-rikice kamar haka:

Changesaurawar canje-canje
Damuwa
Rashin zuciya
Saukar jini na Myocardial
Encephalopathy
Rashin wahala
Rashin lafiyar mutum
Nephropathy ne masu ciwon sukari,
Ciwon ciki,
Cikakkar edema,
Watsa shirye-shiryen Aortic.

Kowane ɗayan rikitarwa yanayin rashin lafiyar ne. Idan canje-canje da yawa suka faru lokaci guda, mutuwar mutum zai yuwu.

Yadda za a hana hauhawar jini 1, 2, 3 da 4 haɗari

Don hana haɗarin, hauhawar jini ya kamata a hankali kuma a kula da shi koyaushe. Likita zai ba da magunguna, amma ya kamata ku ziyarce shi a kai a kai don daidaita matakan matsa lamba.

A gida, yakamata a ɗauki matakan daidaita yanayin rayuwa. Akwai takamaiman jerin hanyoyin da zasu iya rage karfin jini da rage buƙatar amfani da magungunan antihypertensive. Suna da sakamako masu illa, saboda haka tare da tsawan lokacin amfani, lalacewar sauran gabobin na iya faruwa.

Ka'idodin ka'idodin magani na ƙwayar cuta don hauhawar jini:

Bi shawarwarin likitan ku
Ya kamata a sha magunguna daidai gwargwado kuma a lokacin da aka kayyade,
Don rage sakamako masu illa daga kwayoyi, ana iya haɗasu tare da magungunan ganyayyaki na ganye,
Barin halaye marasa kyau kuma rage gishiri
Rasa nauyi
Kauda damuwa da damuwa.

A matakin farko na amfani da magungunan antihypertensive, ana iya amfani da ƙananan allurai, amma idan ba su taimaka wajan magance cutar ba, ya kamata a kara magani na biyu. Lokacin da bai isa ba, zaku iya haɗa na 3, kuma idan ya cancanta, magani na huɗu.

Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da magani na dogon lokaci, tunda yana haske a cikin jini kuma yana kula da ƙarin karfin jini.

Don haka, don hana haɗarin hauhawar jini, ya zama dole don kula da cutar daga matakan farko.

Dalilai da matakai

A bisa ga al'ada, binciken cutar hawan jini na 2 (hawan jini) yana haɗuwa da mutanen masu ritaya. Zuwa wani yanayi, wannan gaskiyane, saboda tare da shekaru, akwai toshewar ƙwayar lumen a cikin ƙananan jijiya, wanda ke haifar da raguwar guduwar jini.

Musclearfin zuciya yakamata yayi ƙoƙari sosai (matsa lamba) don yayyafa jini, sakamakon haka, hawan jini ya tashi, hauhawar jini tayi girma. Koyaya, akwai wasu dalilai masu yawa waɗanda ke haifar da hauhawar jini na digiri na biyu.

Tare da hauhawar jijiyoyin jini a mataki na 2, canje-canje na cututtukan cuta sun riga sun faruwa, wanda wata alama ce ta asarar elasticity na jijiyoyin jini (atherosclerosis):

Hawan jini (hawan jini) na iya haɓaka tare da yanayin gado.
Rayuwa ta katako zata haifar da cutar.
Halaye marasa kyau: shan taba, shan giya mai yawa.
Wuce kima.
Ciwon sukari, cuta da cututtukan thyroid.
Matsalar ciki.
Tumbi, ba tare da la'akari da kwayoyin halitta ba.
Saltara yawan shan gishiri, wanda ke saurin kawar da ruwa daga jiki.
Cutar fitsari.
Rashin ingantaccen abinci, cin abinci mai mai yawa, abincin da ke ƙunshe da yawan cholesterol.
Paarancin na aiki da na urinary fili.
Canje-canje a cikin yanayin hormonal.
Dogon yanayin damuwa.
M, hanzari kari na rayuwar zamani, rayuwa a cikin wani birni.

Marasa lafiya da ke fama da hauhawar jini na 2 ya fi kowace iri wahala. Cutar tana cikin yankin kan iyaka kafin ta ci gaba zuwa hauhawar jini na 3, wanda ke faruwa a cikin mummunan yanayi kuma yana haifar da mummunan sakamako na kiwon lafiya. Wannan dole ne a nisanta shi.

Abubuwanda ke biyo baya suna haifar da hawan jini:

atherosclerosis (tari, rage ƙwayar jijiyar jijiya),
rashin daidaita tsarin abinci, kiba,
gadar (yanayin gado),
sutudiyyar rayuwa
mummunan halaye (barasa, shan taba),
jijiyoyin bugun zuciya
tsawan rai da damuwa (damuwa),
rushewar jijiyoyin cuta (musamman a lokacin yanayin zafi sama-sama a cikin mata),
matsalolin koda
ciwan kansa
endocrine,
riƙewar ruwa a jiki,
rikice-rikice na tsarin ƙwayar cuta.

Saurin rayuwar yau da kullun tare da damuwar sa da hanzarta hanzarta farawa a farkon haifar da ƙananan matsin lamba (raka'a 20-40). Amma saboda buƙatar daidaitawa don karuwar damuwa da rayuwa cikin hawan jini, duk gabobin ɗan adam da tsarin suna wahala: zuciya, tasoshin jini, kwakwalwa, huhu. Hatsarin bugun zuciya, bugun zuciya, huhun hanji da sauran mummunan sakamako suna ƙaruwa.

Hauhawar jini na jijiya 2 yana haifar da haɗari masu zuwa:

deterioration a cikin yanayin gaba daya,
asarar aikin kwakwalwa na yau da kullun,
lalacewar gabobin da suka fi karfi fiye da wasu masu fama da matsanancin matsin lamba ko faduwarsa.

Hoto na asibiti game da cutar yana rikitarwa ta hanyar waɗannan dalilai: shekaru (maza sama da 55, mata sama da 65), cholesterol hawan jini, tarihin shan taba, ciwon sukari, ƙarancin gado, cuta na rayuwa.

Sama da shekaru 10, hauhawar jini 1 yana shafar ayyukan gabobin daga 15%.

Likitocin sun ce mutane bayan shekaru 50 suna da haɗarin hauhawar jini a aji na 2, yayin da lumen a cikin shekarun jini, narkewar ƙwayar lumen, kuma ya zama da wahalar tafiya akan su.

Wato, hauhawar jini na aji na 2, haɗarin ba kowa bane, sabanin daraja ta III, wanda magani yafi wuya. Zuciya tana yin ƙarin ƙoƙari don yin hawan jini, wanda ke bayanin haɓakar hawan jini.

Ko yaya, akwai wasu dalilai da yawa:

na jijiyoyin zuciya atherosclerosis (asarar dabi'a na jijiyoyin jini),
kwayoyin halittar jini
munanan halaye (shan taba, shan giya),
sunada kiba (karin karin fam, mafi girman kasadar rashin lafiya),
ciwon sukari irin na 1, 2,
hargitsi na thyroid gland shine yake,
yawan gishiri mai yawa a cikin abincin
neoplasms na yanayi iri-iri,
lalata jijiyoyin jiki
hormone rashin daidaituwa.

Sauran dalilan don haɓaka hauhawar jini na aji na 2 zai zama cututtukan ƙwayar fitsari, ƙodan, yawan tsawan psychoemotional aiki, da aikin kwance.

Laifin irin wannan shirin ba shi da nasaba da rayuwar mutum; zai iya lura da su kwata-kwata. A wannan lokacin, jiki yana dacewa da canje-canje.

Lokacin da aka ƙara matsa lamba a tsaye, yana rinjayar aikin yawancin gabobin da tsarin.

Yana yiwuwa mai haƙuri zai sami matsala ta hawan jini, wanda zai iya haifar da:

bugun jini
bugun zuciya
asarar hangen nesa
edema, huhu.

Etiology na mataki 2 hauhawar jini

Abubuwan da ke haifar da, alamu da lura da hauhawar jini na aji na biyu suna da dangantaka. Sabili da haka, kafin gano wane magani aka ba da shawarar, za muyi la’akari da yanayi da abubuwan da ke haifar da haɓaka cutar rashin magani.

Likitocin sun lura cewa marassa lafiyar da suka tsallaka matakin shekaru 50 suna iya kamuwa da cutar. Wannan gaskiyar tana da alaƙa da yanayin tafiyar tsufa a cikin jiki, wanda ke haifar da taƙaitaccen ƙwayar lumen tsakanin tasoshin, wanda hakan ke lalata jini.

Ba kamar aji 3 na GB ba, mataki na 2 na cutar ba shi da haɗari ga duk marasa lafiya, tunda a wannan matakin akwai ƙarancin rikice-rikice, cutar ta fi sauƙin magani tare da magani.

4 nau'ikan haɗarin hauhawar jini

1 haɗarin (low) na canje-canje a gabobin ƙasa da 15%,
2 haɗari (matsakaici) na canje-canje a cikin gabobin (zuciya, idanu, kodan) ta hanyar 15-20%. digiri na haɗari 2: Matsin lamba ya tashi sama da ka'ida daga abubuwan 2 masu tayar da hankali, nauyin mai haƙuri ya karu, ba'a gano kwayoyin cutar endocrine ba,
Hadarin 3 - hadarin digiri 2 na 20-30%. Mai haƙuri yana da abubuwan 3 waɗanda ke haifar da karuwa a cikin matsin lamba (atherosclerosis, ciwon sukari, dysfunction koda ko wasu), zubar jini a cikin jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini na rauni, wanda ke haifar da ischemia,
4 hadarin - 30% na cutar da gabobin. Haɓaka cutar ta haifar da abubuwa 4 - cututtukan na kullum waɗanda ke shafar haɓakar matsin lamba da haɓakar hauhawar jini (atherosclerosis, ischemia, ciwon sukari, cututtukan koda). Waɗannan sune marasa lafiya waɗanda suka tsira daga ciwon zuciya.

A digiri na 2, hadarin na 3 ana hasashen: nawa haɗarin da suke akwai ya bayar da gudummawar ci gaban rikitarwa. Kuma waɗanne abubuwa dole ne a yi yaƙi da su.

Harkokin haɗari suna daidaitawa (wanda za'a iya kawar dashi) kuma ba za'a iya gyara shi ba. Don rage haɗarin ci gaban cutar, kuna buƙatar canza yanayin rayuwar ku ta asali, cire haɗarin da ya dace (dakatar da shan sigari, shan giya, dawo da nauyin jikin ku zuwa al'ada).

Jijiyoyin jini, zuciya, kodan, idanu suna fama da mafi yawan zafin jiki. Ya kamata a bincika yanayin waɗannan gabobin don sanin abin da lalacewar ta same su ta hanyar matsanancin ƙarfi, ko dai ana iya magance rikice-rikice.

Rukuni mai zuwa na hauhawar jini yana wanzu:

Digiri na 1 - matsin lamba akan 140-159 / 90-99 mm Hg. Art.
2 - 160-179 / 100-109 mm RT. Art.
3 - 180/100 mm RT. Art.

Dangane da wannan, yana da muhimmanci a rarrabe a asali tsakanin digiri da matakai. Tsohon yana kwatanta matakin haɓakar hawan jini, ƙarshen yana kwatanta alamun bayyanar asibiti da rikitarwa. Dangane da sabbin ka'idodin sabuwar duniya, an bambanta matakan hauhawar jini.

Matsin lamba ya karu daga 140/90 zuwa 160/100 mm Hg,
Lambobi sun wuce abin da ke sama.

Amma game da adana cutar, tana kama da wannan:

Ba a lura da rikice-rikice da canje-canje na tsarin gabobin,
Akwai alamun canje-canje a jikin gabobin ciki waɗanda ke da alaƙa da hawan jini: cututtukan zuciya mai hauhawar jini (raunin hawan jini), ƙanƙara mai narkewa, lalacewar tasoshin kwakwalwa, canje-canje a cikin asusu,
Haɓaka haɗarin rikice-rikice a cikin nau'i na infarction na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.

Digiri 3, hadarin 3

A cikin yanayin da ba a sarrafa shi ba, ba tare da kulawa mai kyau ba (shan allunan rigakafin ƙwayar cuta), hauhawar jini na 2 yana haifar da rikitarwa daban-daban. Hawan jini zai iya haifar da atherosclerosis, thrombosis, encephalopathy. Ofaya daga cikin manyan nauyin jikin mutum shine zuciya (angina pectoris yana haɓaka).

Matsi na haifar da lalacewar kodan, idanu, da kuma jijiyoyin jini. Tsarin jini zuwa ga gabobin yana rikicewa saboda takewar tsarin bangon jijiyoyin jiki, asarar elasticity. Hawan jini yana haifar da rikicewar jini.

Matsalar ta gaba itace ruɗar sabo. Ganuwar jijiyoyin jiki suna shimfiɗa, sun zama bakin ciki, za su fashe sauƙaƙe ƙarƙashin matsin jini.

Cutar tana haifar da takaitaccen ƙwayar lumen a cikin tasoshin jini, yana haifar da abubuwan da ake buƙata don atherosclerosis. Adana mai a jikin bango na jijiyoyin bugun jini na iya haifar da toshe tasoshin jini, wanda ke kara hadarin thrombosis. Sabili da haka, tare da alamun farko na hauhawar jini, yana da muhimmanci a nemi taimakon da ya cancanta.

Hawan jini ba shi da magani, amma zaka iya rayuwa tare da wannan cutar tsawon shekaru. Amma wannan yana buƙatar yarda da halaye na asali 2:

rike da ingantaccen matakin hauhawar jini,
bin ka'idodi na rayuwar lafiya.

Idan daya daga cikin abubuwanda ake karantawa, faduwar gaba to yayi rauni, ana rage ajalin cikakken rayuwa.

Yawancin marasa lafiya waɗanda ke da wannan cutar ko kuma suna da alaƙa da ita suna da sha'awar tambaya kan ko hauhawar aji na 2 an haɗe shi da aikin soja. Sau da yawa a wannan batun akwai rikici na sha'awa. Sojojin ba sa son rasa sojan, mutum ba ya son lalata lafiyar sa.

Dangane da tsarin majalissar dokoki, ana iya bayyana cewa hauhawar jini a aji na 2 ya sabawa aikin soja a rundunar. An tabbatar da wannan ta hanyar aiki na hadin gwiwa na Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Ma'aikatar sojojin.

Dole ne a kiyaye gwajin likita kamar yadda doka ta tanada a asibiti, inda mai neman ya yi cikakken binciken likita. Dangane da sakamakon bincike kuma bisa la'akari da abubuwan da suka gabata a cikin watanni shida, kwamandan likitan soja ya yanke shawara kan dacewa ko rashin cancantar mutum ga aikin soja.

A gaban yawan ƙara matsa lamba koyaushe, hauhawar jini na digiri na biyu tare da magani mara kyau ko cikakkiyar rashi yana ƙara haɗarin rikitarwa sau da yawa.

Saboda haka, kada kuyi watsi da wannan cutar ta cutar, tunda ita ce canjin yanayin daga m zuwa mai rauni mai rauni.

Duk da karuwar haɗarin hauhawar jini na biyu, cutar ba ta haifar da canje-canje da ba a canzawa ba a cikin tsarin jijiyoyin jini da zuciya, amma yana buƙatar magani nan da nan.

Babban alamun ci gaban hauhawar jini ya fara bayyana tuni a matakin farko, saboda haka, lokacin da cutar ta fara zuwa na biyu, suna kara ƙaruwa kuma suna daɗaɗa magana.

Mafi alamun cutar hawan jini sune kamar haka:

amai, gajiya, gajiya,
wuce kima gumi
ciwon kai da tsananin ciki, haushi zuwa ciki, amai,
rashiwar gani da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya,
tinnitus.

Idan kodan sun shiga cikin hanyar cututtukan cuta, yanayin cututtukan edematous na ƙarshen su ya bayyana, wanda hakan zai iya ƙara ɗaukar hoto gaba ɗaya na cutar kuma ya haifar da rikicewar hauhawar jini.

Ya danganta da matakin cutar, haɗarin lalacewa ga kwakwalwa, zuciya, kodan da tsarin jijiyoyin jiki yana ƙaruwa.

Saboda haka, ana rarrabe waɗannan matakan hawan jini, wanda rikice-rikice na iya faruwa a cikin adadin kashi:

low (haɗarin ƙasa da 15%) - nau'i mai haske tare da alamomi na hawan jini na 140-160 mm Hg,
matsakaici (15-20%) - hauhawar jini na matsakaici na haɗarin digiri na 2 a matsin lamba na 160-170 mm Hg,
babba (20-30%) - nau'i mai zafi tare da alamun tonometer na Manuniya ta sama ya kai 180 mmHg,
mai mahimmanci (haɗari fiye da 30%) - tsari mafi haɗari tare da mai nuna alama sama da 180-200 mm Hg.

Tashin hankali

Idan an yi maganin daidai, amma mara lafiyar bai bi umarnin likita ba, rikice-rikice na yiwuwa har a matakin na biyu na hauhawar jini. Wannan yana nuna cewa mutum yana iyawaƙar jini a cikin gabobin kowane lokaci. Sabili da haka, yana da matukar muhimmanci a fara jiyya mai inganci a cikin tsari don kiyaye rikicewa.

Tare da wannan nau'in cutar, akwai haɗarin waɗannan rikice-rikice masu zuwa:

angina pectoris
farhythmia,
na jijiyoyin bugun jini,
atherosclerosis
na jijiyoyin zuciya jijiya cuta
vegetative-na jijiyoyin bugun gini dystonia (karanta game da magani don VVD a nan :)

Tare da yanayin hauhawar jini na digiri na biyu, yana da wuya a saukar da mai nuna alamar matsin lamba a ƙasa da mm 160 mm Hg, sabili da haka, ana amfani da ƙwayar cuta don haɓaka aikin zuciya, ƙananan cholesterol da jini na bakin ciki.

Jiyya na hauhawar jini ana yin su duka a likitancin tare da shirye-shiryen sunadarai, ƙari kuma tare da magunguna na jama'a.

A yayin jiyya, ya kamata a lura da wurare masu zuwa:

Abincin da aka tsara, ban da gishiri, nama, mai yawa ruwa,
hana kofi da mai shayi mai karfi, da kuma shan sigari da barasa,
gyara nauyi
magani mai guba
Yana tafiya a cikin iska mai kyau,
saka idanu na yau da kullun masu zaman kansu na alamun nuna matsa lamba.

Amincewa da duk magunguna na likita, za a iya magance hauhawar jini na biyu, kodayake bayan wani lokaci na lokaci, saboda haka kuna buƙatar yin haƙuri kuma ɗaukar magunguna da aka tsara a kan kari.

Mutanen da ke rayuwa tare da hauhawar jini suna buƙatar sanin cewa kaɗan ne ke sarrafa cutar gaba ɗaya. Menene haɗarin cutar a cikin matakai 2. Bayyanar rikitarwa na hauhawar hauhawar jini na digiri na 2, alamu bayyanar cututtuka:

lethargy, gajiya, kumburi (rikicewar koda),
numbashi na yatsunsu, jan launi na fata (jijiyoyin jini),
ilimin cututtukan ido, hangen nesa,
kwatsam tsalle a cikin jini (tashin hankali hauhawar jini).

Rikicewar hauhawar jini tare da haɓakawa ba tare da kulawa ba zai iya haifar da bugun jini, infarction na zuciya, kumburi daga cikin kwakwalwa ko huhu. A sakamakon rikicewar hauhawar jini na 2, manyan sassan jikin mutum (kwakwalwa, zuciya, jijiyoyin jini, kodan, idanu) suna wahala.

Bawai kawai yana da wahala bane, amma kuma nau'in cutar sankara. A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana lura da mummunan sakamako koda a lokacin aikin jiyya na tsawon shekaru 10.

Koyaya, yawancin likitoci sunyi imanin cewa tare da digiri na 3 da na 4, yiwuwar mummunan sakamako yana da girma sosai, tun da matsin lamba ya wuce Hg 180 mm. Art. da sauri m.

Muhimman alamomin wannan nau'in malaise sune:

Dizziness
Jin ciwon kai
Daidaituwa mai daidaituwa
Rashin gani
Gyaran wuya
Saurin hankali,
Haɗaɗɗa
Harshen Paresis,
Rage hankali
Rashin daidaituwa.

Likita ya zabi tsarin kulawa. Idan ya cancanta, ƙarin likitoci suna yin ƙari kamar likitancin zuciya da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta. Abin takaici, magance cutar har abada ba zai yiwu ba. Dukkanin matakan suna da niyya don rage sigogin jijiyoyi da inganta yanayin haƙuri.

Lokacin rubuta allunan, ana la'akari da shekarun mai haƙuri a cikin la'akari. Tsarin magani na marasa lafiya da tsofaffi zai zama daban. Wannan batun ya shafi daukar ciki a cikin mata, tunda a wannan lokacin an sanya magunguna da yawa don amfani.

Dole ne mai haƙuri ya bi duk shawarar likita. Rashin izini na rashin izini na ilimin hawan jini tare da daidaituwa na alamu na iya haifar da nakasa da mutuwa.

Jerin jerin magunguna don GB 2 digiri ya hada da Allunan:

Diuretics don cire ruwa mai yawa daga jiki - Veroshpiron, Furosemide.
Magungunan rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta sune abubuwan da ake buƙatar mahimmanci na maganin. Wadannan sun hada da Hartil, Bisoprolol da makamantansu.
Magunguna don rage cholesterol na jini - Atorvastatin.
Aspekard da adonsa na jinin bakin jini.

Tare da cutar hawan jini daga 160 zuwa 100 mm, an tsara sashi daban-daban, a matsayin mai mulkin, fara da matsakaicin kashi. Lokacin zaɓin allunan, alamu da ƙuntatawa akan amfani, da yiwuwar tasirin sakamako, ana la'akari dashi.

Halin hauhawar jijiyoyin jiki a cikin kashi na 2 ana saninsa da karuwar matsin lamba zuwa matakin 160-180 / 100-110 mm. Hg. Art. Misalan alamu na cutar sune:

kumburi da fuska, musamman tsinkaye,
nauyi da azaba a kai,
jan fata na fuskar fuska (hyperemia),
jin gajiya, gajiya koda bayan bacci da hutawa,
bogi na firgita "tsakiya" a gaban idanun,
kumburi da hannun
bugun zuciya
hayaniya, ringing a cikin kunnuwa.

Bugu da ƙari, ba a cire alamun bayyanar cututtuka: raunin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, rashin daidaituwa na tunani, matsaloli tare da urination, vasodilation na sunadaran ido, ɓoyewar ganuwar ventricle hagu.

Lokacin motsawa daga mataki zuwa mataki, babban matsin lamba yana da halaye daban-daban. Bayyanar cututtuka na hauhawar jini na digiri na biyu gaba daya ana iya lura dasu, suna nuna mummunar take hakki a cikin aikin jiki. Wadannan sun hada da:

ciwon kai
akai-akai
tsananin farin ciki
ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya
rosacea a kan fuska,
ja da kumburi da fata a fuska,
gajiya
damuwa
bugun zuciya
dilatation na tasoshin idanu,
numbashi na yatsunsu.

Hauhawar jini na digiri na 2 ana saninsa da cutar tashin zuciya, ƙuguwar hawaye, kasawar jijiyoyin jiki. An tabbatar da cutar hawan jini ta hanyar canje-canje a cikin binciken, musamman, alamomin furotin albumin a cikin fitsari.

Hauhawar jini a wannan matakin ana bayyana shi a cikin canji na tsawan jini. Kusancin aiki yakan yi kwanciyar hankali.

Hauhawar jini na digiri na farko yana da hanya mai nisa kuma ba ya bayyanuwa a sarari. GB 2 yana da alamu na kansa, waɗanda sun riga sun zama da wuya a yi watsi da su. A kan tushen ƙara matsa lamba, mara lafiya ya ce:

matsanancin ciwon kai da radadi (radiating) zuwa bayan kai da haikalin,
tsananin fushi, gajere na asaran fahimta mai yiwuwa ne,
zuciya rudani damuwa da aka lura,
ƙara rauni
gajiya a nauyi,
raguwa sosai a aikin,
yanayi canza zuwa tashin hankali da fushi,
matsanancin yanayin fuska yana lura (tare da hauhawar jini),
nunannun yatsun manya da ƙananan na yiwuwa ne,
tashin zuciya, vomiting,
fuska da lumshe ido
a bango na babban matsi da ragewa, faduwar “kwari” a gaban idanun, da'irori masu duhu,
tinnitus.