Sakamakon ciwon sukari

Ciwon sukari mellitus shine ɗayan cututtukan da ke barazanar rayuwa ta hanzarta haɓaka rikice rikice. Cutar tana da tarin sakamako na yiwuwar shafar wasu gabobi da tsarin jikin mutum.

Bayan tabbatar da ganewar asali, mai haƙuri ya zama dole don haɓaka sabon tsarin abinci mai gina jiki da halayyar mutum - don jagorantar duk ƙoƙarin zuwa rigakafin rikice-rikice.

Dalilin ci gaban rikitarwa na ciwon sukari

Rikitarwa na ciwon sukari mellitus nau'in 1 - 2 yana haɓakawa saboda rashin insulin ko cin zarafin hulɗa da sel. Don haka, a cikin cututtukan sukari na nau'in farko, rashi insulin ya tashi saboda ƙwararrun sel waɗanda ke haifar da wannan hormone ana gane su ta hanyar rigakafin azaman kasashen waje - yana haifar da rigakafi a kansu, yana haifar da mutuwa.

Wannan nau'in ciwon sukari yana cikin cututtukan autoimmune. Nau'in na 1 na ciwon sukari yana da yanayin gado. Kayan aikin zai iya haifar da cututtuka, damuwa, da sauransu.

A nau'in na biyu na ciwon sukari, ana iya samar da insulin a cikin adadin da ya dace, amma kwayoyin jikin sun zama marasa hankali a gareshi. Sau da yawa ana ganin wannan sabon abu a cikin kiba, kamar yadda adipose nama baya amsa insulin.

Cutar ƙwayar cuta ta yi aiki tare da damuwa, samar da ƙarin insulin. A wani lokaci, hanyoyin biyan diyya sun lalace, kuma hakar insulin din ya ragu.

Ayyukan insulin shine isar da glucose zuwa sel jikin mutum don amfani dashi azaman kayan makamashi. Glucose da sel ba sa amfani da shi, yana kewaya cikin jini, wanda aka keɓe a cikin fitsari. Kwayoyin sun fara shan wahala daga karancin makamashi, an lalata hanyoyin tafiyar matakai.

Abun Ciki na Cutar Rana 1

Rikitarwa na nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari mellitus yana da m kuma yana haɓaka da sauri sosai. A mafi yawan lokuta, mai ciwon sukari yana buƙatar taimakon likita.

1. Ketoacidosis - tare da raguwa cikin matakan insulin, ana gano jikin ketone a cikin jini da yawan glucose mai yawa. Idan ba'a yi ragin insulin a cikin lokaci ba, to, ketoacidotic coma na iya haɓaka cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci.

2. Hymarosmolar coma. Dalilin ci gabanta shine karuwa a cikin sukari na jini. Kwayoyin suna rasa ruwa, rashin ruwa yakan faru, kuma in babu jiyya mutuwa zata iya faruwa.

3. Coma mai yawan zubar jini. Yana faruwa ne game da kuskuren gudanar da insulin a cikin allurai sosai mafi girman waɗanda likitan ya zaɓa. Kwakwalwar ba zata iya jure karancin glucose ba, saboda haka, tare da raguwa sosai a matakin, aikin kwakwalwa na yau da kullun ya rikice.

Wannan yana haifar da rikici ko cikakken asarar sani, kuma daga baya ga waye.

Rikicewar ciwon sukari a cikin yara yana da haɗari saboda ƙarancin mace-macersu kuma an bayyana su ta hanyar ketoacidotic da coma hypoglycemic.

Siffofin da suka wuce sunyi kama da waɗanda ke cikin nau'in cuta na 2 - suna da jinkiri amma ci gaba.

Abun Ciki na Cutar 2

Hadarin kamuwa da cututtukan ƙafafun mahaifa

Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, cutar ba ta iya kulawa har tsawon shekaru. Sau da yawa ana gano cutar gaba ɗaya ba tsammani, yayin ɗaukar gwaje-gwaje don wani dalili ko kawai a lokacin gano rikitarwa.

1. Hyperosmolar coma.
2. Jiki na yawan haila yana faruwa ba koyaushe ba.
3. Lalacewar ido. A wannan yanayin, ruwan tabarau da retina suna wahala. An bayyana wannan ta hanyar ci gaban ido, ɓarna da kuma ɓacin farji, wanda ke haifar da raguwar hangen nesa ko cikakken asararsa.
4. Lalacewar koda - a hankali asarar ayyukansu. Bayanin farfadowar furotin ana hana aiki, kuma yana fitowa a cikin fitsari. A cikin shekarun baya, ana samun yawaitar tabin da ke cikin kodan wanda ke fitar da ƙirar koda.
5. Matsalar jijiyoyin jiki - canje-canje na jijiyoyin jini a bangon jijiyoyin jini manya da ƙanana. Yana bayyana kanta a matsayin karuwar ƙwayar cuta, basur, jini guda ɗaya da haɓakar atherosclerosis. Cutar zuciya da shanyewar jiki a cikin masu ciwon suga sune ke haifar da mutuwa.
6. Neuropathy - canje-canje a cikin nama mai juyayi. Yana bayyana kanta a matsayin cin zarafi na ji na ƙwarai, jin zafi tare da jijiyoyin jijiya.
7. Daga gefen kwakwalwa, ana gano encephalopathy na ciwon sukari. Tana bayyanar da kanta a cikin halin bacin rai, gazawa wajen isar da amsa ga al'amuran, da dai sauransu.

Late rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari

Karar 'yan fansho

Ta hanyar rikice-rikice na ƙarshen ana nufin waɗancan alamun bayyanar cututtuka waɗanda ke haɓaka shekaru da yawa bayan farkon cutar. Irin wannan rikice-rikice, da rashin alheri, ba da dadewa ba ya bayyana a kusan dukkanin marasa lafiya, ba tare da la'akari da irin nau'in ciwon sukari ba.

Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, mutane da yawa suna koya game da cutar kawai bayan haɓakar waɗannan rikitarwa.

1. Tashin hankalin mutum. Canje-canje na jijiyoyin jiki suna haifar da bugun zuciya, hawan jini, bugun jini, da gudawa.

2. Retinopathy. Lationarfin wurare dabam dabam na jini a cikin farjin ido zai iya haifar da fitarwa da cikakkiyar makanta.

3. Rashin lafiyar yara. Ya zama sanadin hauhawar jini da rashin aiki na koda.

4. Poneneuropathy. Canje-canje da nakasa canje-canje a cikin ƙwayoyin jijiya. Yana tattare da asarar hankali da kuma bayyanar jin zafin yanayin mara iyaka.

5. Samuwar cututtukan ƙafafun mahaifa. Sakamakon gaskiyar cewa ciwon sukari yana shafan jijiyoyin jijiyoyi da ƙananan tasoshin ƙafafun ƙafa, ƙafafunku sun rasa hankalinsu, kuma zagayarwar jini yana da damuwa. Mai ciwon sukari na iya jin ciwon lalacewa, canjin zafin jiki, sanya takalmin da ke matse shi, da dai sauransu.

Sakamakon haka, lalata nau'ikan da ba su da lafiya na dogon lokaci. Sakamakon rikice-rikice na rayuwa, yaduwa mara kyau, raunin ba zai iya sakewa da sauri ba, kuma karuwar "zaƙi" na jini shine mafi kyawun abincin microorganisms.

Haɗu da kamuwa da cuta yana rage jinkirin warkar da ƙari. Fafaroma na iya mutuwa gaba daya. Tsarin ya isa zuwa ga abin da mutum dole ne ya yantsun yatsun kafa ko kuma gaba ɗaya.

Yin rigakafin rikicewar cututtukan siga

Masu ciwon sukari ya kamata su riƙa ziyartar endocrinologist a kai a kai kuma suyi gwaje-gwaje don lura da matsayin gabobin da aka yi niyya.

Yawancin masana ilimin endocrinologists sunyi imani da cewa ciwon sukari hanya ce ta musamman na rayuwa. Yin rigakafin rikice-rikice ya ta'allaka ne a cikin abinci na musamman, yawan insulin ko magunguna, da saka idanu akan matakan glucose na yau da kullun.

Sharuɗɗan riko da waɗannan ka'idodi kawai zasu taimaka wajen nisantar ci gaban rikitarwa. Tare da ciwon sukari, wanda ke haifar da kiba, ya isa ya rasa nauyi kuma matakan sukari sun koma al'ada.

M rikitarwa

Matsalar cutar sankarar bargo na haifar da babbar barazana ga rayuwar ɗan adam. Irin waɗannan rikice-rikice sun haɗa da yanayin yanayin ci gaban yana faruwa a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci: awanni da yawa, mafi kyawun kwanaki. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, duk waɗannan yanayi masu haɗari ne, kuma ana buƙatar samar da ingantaccen taimako cikin sauri.

Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don matsanancin rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari, kowane ɗayan yana da dalilai da wasu alamu. Mun jera mafi na kowa:

Yawancin wadannan rikice-rikice suna haɓaka da sauri, a cikin 'yan sa'o'i kaɗan. Amma ilmin mahaifa na iya bayyana kanta kwanaki ko ma makonni kafin a fara wani muhimmin yanayi. Yana da matukar wahala a tantance yiwuwar irin wannan yanayin a gaba. A ƙarshen asalin duk cututtukan da mai haƙuri ya fuskanta, takamaiman alamun ba galibi ne ba a lura dasu.

Kowane ɗayan waɗannan yanayin alama ce ta asibiti zuwa gaggawa. Rashin taimako na sa'o'i biyu yana haifar da mummunan tashin hankali ga rayuwar mai haƙuri.

Late sakamakon

Daga baya rikice-rikice na haɓaka shekaru da yawa na rashin lafiya. Hadarinsu baya cikin bayyanuwar muni, amma a haƙiƙanin cewa su sannu-sannu worsen mai haƙuri. Ko da kasancewar wadataccen magani wani lokacin bazai iya bada garantin kariya daga irin wannan rikice-rikice ba.

Rashin rikicewar ciwon sukari sun haɗa da cututtuka:

1. Retinopathy - lalacewar akan tantanin ido, wanda kuma hakan ya kai ga zubar da jini a cikin kudirin, tozarta retina. Sannu a hankali yana haifar da cikakken asarar hangen nesa. Abinda aka fi sani da retinopathy yana faruwa ne a cikin marasa lafiya da ke dauke da ciwon sukari na 2. Ga mai haƙuri tare da “ƙwarewa” fiye da shekaru 20, hadarin maimaita fatar cutar kusan 100%.
2. Tashin hankali. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran rikice-rikice na ƙarshen, yana tasowa da sauri, wani lokacin ƙasa da shekara guda. Wani cin zarafi ne na jijiyoyin bugun gini, sun zama kamar tanƙwara. Akwai raunin halayen thrombosis da atherosclerosis.
3. Rashin daidaituwa. Rashin hankali da zafi a cikin gabar jiki. Mafi yawancin lokuta, yana tasowa bisa ga nau'ikan "safofin hannu da safa", fara fara bayyana kansa lokaci guda a cikin ƙananan ƙafafu da na babba. Alamar farko ita ce jin jiki da ƙonewa a cikin gabobin, waɗanda suke haɓaka da yawa cikin dare. Rage hankali yana haifar da raunin raunin da yawa.
4. Kafar ciwon sukari. Wani rikitarwa wanda buɗewar jijiyoyi, raunin jijiyoyin jiki, da wuraren hailala (mutu) ya bayyana a ƙafafun da ƙananan ƙarshen mai haƙuri tare da mellitus na ciwon sukari. Sabili da haka, marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari ya kamata su ba da kulawa ta musamman game da tsabtace ƙafa da zaɓin takalman da suka dace waɗanda ba za su damun ƙafa ba. Hakanan yakamata kuyi amfani da safa na musamman ba tare da matse danko ba.

Rikice-rikice na kullum

Fiye da shekaru 10-15 na rashin lafiya, koda kuwa marasa lafiya sun bi duk bukatun magani, ciwon sannu-sannu sannu yana lalata jiki kuma yana haifar da ci gaba da mummunan cututtukan cututtukan fata. Ganin cewa ciwon sukari mellitus ya canza sosai a cikin jijiyoyin kwayoyin halittar jini, zamu iya tsammani na kullum rauni dukkan gabobin.

1. Wasikun. Da farko dai, tare da ciwon sukari, jijiyoyin jini suna wahala. Ganuwar su na zama ƙasa da ma'anar abinci mai gina jiki, kuma ƙananan lamuran jirgin ruwan suna zama sannu a hankali. Dukkanin kayan jikin mutum sun kasa a cikin oxygen da wasu muhimman abubuwan. Hadarin bugun zuciya, bugun jini, da ci gaban cututtukan zuciya yana ƙaruwa sosai.
2. Kodan. Kodan mai haƙuri da ciwon sukari sannu a hankali sun rasa ikon aiwatar da ayyukanta, gazawar cuta na tasowa. Da farko, microalbuminuria ya bayyana - rufin furotin kamar Albumin a cikin fitsari, wanda ke da haɗari ga lafiya.
3. Fata. Jinin jini na wannan sashin a cikin mara lafiya da ke dauke da cutar sankara ya ragu sosai, wanda hakan ke haifar da ci gaba da rauni na cututtukan trophic. Zasu iya zama tushen kamuwa da cuta ko kamuwa da cuta.
4. Tsarin ciki. Tsarin juyayi na mutane masu ciwon sukari yana fuskantar manyan canje-canje. Mun riga mun yi magana game da cutar rashin kwanciyar hankali ta reshe. Bugu da kari, akwai rauni a koda yaushe. Sau da yawa marasa lafiya masu ciwon sukari suna fama da matsanancin zafi.

Hanyar haɓaka rikitarwa

A cikin ciwon sukari mellitus, glucose, wanda dole ne ya shiga cikin sel (musamman tsoka da ƙwayoyin mai, wanda ke haɗuwa kusan 2/3 na dukkanin sel) kuma yana ba su makamashi, ya kasance cikin jini. Idan an haɓaka shi da kullun, ba tare da “tsalle-tsalle” ba, to, kasancewar da take haifar da rashin ƙarfi (saboda wannan, ƙwayar tana barin kyallen kuma tana mamaye tasoshin jini), tana kaiwa ga lalacewar ganuwar tasoshin jini da gabobin jini. Wannan shine yadda "sannu-sannu", ƙarshen sakamakon zai ci gaba. Lokacin da insulin ya fara ɓacewa sosai, ƙarancin rikice-rikice yana haɓaka waɗanda ke buƙatar kulawa da lafiya na gaggawa, ba tare da abin da zasu iya kawo ƙarshen masu rauni ba.

Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1, insulin ya ragu. Idan wannan karancin bai cika da analog na mutum na kansa ba, wanda aka allura, rikitarwa zai inganta da sauri kuma yana gajarta rayuwar mutum.

Game da ci gaban nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, akwai insulin na kansa, amma ƙarancin “ji” ƙarancin sel wanda dole yayi aiki da shi. Anan, ana aiwatar da magani tare da taimakon magungunan kwamfutar hannu, wanda yakamata "nuna" ƙirar da ake buƙata don insulin, a sakamakon abin da za'a samar da metabolism na tsawon lokacin aikin waɗannan magungunan. Anan, matsanancin rikice-rikice bashi da wata wahala a ci gaba. Sau da yawa yakan faru ne cewa mutum yasan game da ciwon sukari ba ta sanannun alamun lokacin da yake jin ƙishirwa ba ko saboda yawan ruwan da yake cinyewa dole ne ya shiga bayan gida da daddare, kuma lokacin rikice-rikice na rayuwa ba su inganta ba.

A cikin nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, ƙwayar ɗan adam ba ta da hankali amma ita ce insulin. Gabatarwar hormone a cikin injections yana daidaita metabolism. Sabili da haka, idan abinci na musamman da rage yawan sukari ba zai iya kiyaye sukarin jini a ƙasa 7 mmol / l ba, ku tuna: ya fi kyau ku zaɓi sashi na maganin ƙwayar cuta (abinci a waje) sannan ku riƙa bayar da maganin koyaushe fiye da rage tsawon rayuwa da rage ingancinsa daga taurin rashin buƙatu. Tabbas, irin wannan magani ya kamata a tsara shi ta hanyar ƙwararren endocrinologist, wanda dole ne ya fara tabbatar da cewa abincin ba ya taimaka sosai, kuma ba kawai an bi ba.

Sanadin hauhawar jini

Mafi yawancin lokuta, wannan rikitarwa mai girma yana faruwa a sakamakon:

• karin yawan insulin (misali, idan aka kirga raka'o'in insulin akan sikelin mai maki 100, kuma a allura tare da sirinji wanda aka yiwa raka'a 40, wato, kashi ya ninka sau biyu 2.5) ko kuma allunan rage sukari,
• idan mutum ya manta ko baya son cin abinci bayan gudanarwar insulin, ko bayan cin abinci, akwai amai,
• akwai wani aiki na motsa jiki a cikin mutumin da ke fama da ciwon siga, gami da haihuwa,
• mutumin da yake da ciwon suga yana shan giya mai amfani,
• ba a daidaita yawan insulin ba yayin shan kwayoyi wanda a ƙari ƙara ƙananan matakan glucose jini: beta-blockers (Anaprilin, Metoprolol, Corvitol), alli, lithium, acid salicylic, bitamin B2, rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta na mura (levofloxacin) , Ofloxacin) da jerin tetracycline.

Hypoglycemia mafi yawanci yakan faru ne a cikin farkon farkon ciki, bayan haihuwa, tare da haɓakar ƙarancin ƙwayar cuta sakamakon cutar koda, tare da haɗuwa da ciwon sukari tare da ƙarancin adrenal ko tare da yanayin hypothyroid, sakamakon fashewar cutar hepatitis ko hepatosis tare da ciwon sukari.

Mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari mellitus, musamman nau'in 1, suna buƙatar sanin bayyanar cututtukan hypoglycemia don taimaka wa kansu nan da nan ta hanyar ɗaukar kashi na carbohydrates mai sauƙi da sauri mai narkewa (Sweets, sukari, zuma). In ba haka ba, idan ba ku aikata wannan ba yayin da mutumin yana da hankali, tashin hankali na hankali zai bunkasa cikin sauri har zuwa coma, wanda dole ne a cire shi daga cikin mintuna 20 kawai har sai cortex ya mutu (yana da matukar damuwa da rashin glucose a matsayin abu mai ƙarfi).

Bayyanar cututtukan hypoglycemia

Hypoglycemia yana da haɗari sosai, sabili da haka, ana koya wa duk ma'aikatan kiwon lafiya cewa idan babu glucometer kuma idan an sami mutum bai san komai ba kuma ba tare da shaidu waɗanda zasu iya faɗi abin da mutumin ba shi da lafiya, abin da zai iya ɗauka, abu na farko da ya fara shine saka allurar glucose mai ƙarfi daga ampoules zuwa cikin jijiyarsa.

Hypoglycemia yana farawa da bayyanar:

• tsananin rauni
• tsananin farin ciki
• hannayenku na rawar jiki
• yunwa
• gumi mai sanyi
• numbashi na lebe
• pallor na fata.

Idan raguwar glucose na jini ya faru a cikin dare, mafarki mai ban tsoro ya fara faruwa ga mutum, sai ya fashe da kuka, ya juya wani abu wanda ba zai yuwu ba, yana farawa. Idan ba ku tashe shi ba kuma ya hana kyakkyawan maganin shaye-shaye, zai “yi bacci” cikin zurfi da zurfi, cikin duhun ciki.

Gwajin glucose na jini tare da glucometer zai nuna cewa matakinsa yana ƙasa da 3 mmol / l (masu ciwon sukari tare da "gwaninta" sun fara jin alamun koda a lambobin al'ada, 4.5-3.8 mmol / l). Mataki ɗaya ya maye gurbin ɗayan da sauri, don haka yana ɗaukar mintuna 5-10 don fahimta (da kyau - ta amfani da kiran waya ga likitan ku, likitancin endocrinologist ko ma motar ambulan).

Idan a wannan matakin ba zaku sha ruwan zaki, shayi ba, kada ku ci carbohydrates ('ya'yan itaciyar mai dadi ba su ƙidaya, saboda ya ƙunshi ba glucose, amma fructose) a cikin sukari, zuma, Sweets ko glucose, wanda aka sayar a cikin kantin magani a cikin foda ko Allunan , mataki na gaba yana haɓaka, inda taimako ya riga ya zama mafi wahala:

• tsokanar zalunci ko wuce gona da iri,
• kalmomin hauka
• take hakkin daidaituwa
• gunaguni na hangen nesa biyu, bayyanar “hazo” ko “kwari” a gaban idanun,
• gunaguni na “zuci” lokacin da, lokacin da zazzage bugun zuciya, shima ya bayyana.

Wannan matakin takaice ne. Anan yan uwa zasu iya taimakawa ta hanyar tilasta mutum ya ɗan ɗan sha ruwan ɗumi. Amma ana iya yin hakan ne kawai idan akwai wata hulɗa da shi kuma da alama zai haɗiye mafita ya wuce yuwuwar sara shi. Yana da daidai saboda yiwuwar abinci ya shiga cikin "makogwaro na numfashi" wanda bai kamata ku ba da Sweets ko sukari tare da irin waɗannan alamu ba, zaku iya narke carbohydrates a cikin karamin ruwa.

Alamomin bacci sune:

• asarar sani
• katsewa
• fatar jiki kodadde ce, sanyi, an lullube ta da zufa.

A wannan yanayin, taimako ne kawai ta hanyar motar motar asibiti ko duk wani ma'aikacin lafiya wanda yake da kayan agaji na farko tare da ampoules 4-5 na maganin glucose 40%. Ya kamata a yi allurar cikin jini, kuma ana bayar da mafi girman minti 30 don bayar da wannan taimako. Idan baku da lokacin yin injections a cikin wannan tazara, ko kuma idan kun shigar da isasshen adadin glucose na 40% don haɓaka zuwa ƙananan lambobi na yau da kullun, akwai damar cewa halayen mutumin za su canza sosai a nan gaba: daga rashin daidaito da rashin daidaituwa da rikice-rikice zuwa tsire-tsire ("kamar shuka") jihar. Tare da cikakkiyar gazawa don bayar da taimako a cikin awanni 2 daga ci gaba da cutar mahaifa, damar mutum ya mutu ya yi yawa. Dalilin haka shine yunwar makamashi, wanda ke haifar da kumburi cikin sel kwakwalwa da bayyanar basur a ciki.

Kulawar cututtukan cututtukan jini yana farawa a gida ko a wurin da aka “kama” mutumin da raguwar glucose. Farjin yana ci gaba a cikin motar asibiti kuma yana ƙare a cikin sashin kulawa mai zurfi na ɗakunan asibiti mafi kusa (wanda ke da asibitin endocrinology). Karyata asibiti yana da haɗari, saboda bayan hypoglycemia, mutum yana buƙatar kulawa biyu na likita da kuma sake nazarin yadda aka ɗauki insulin ɗin.

Yin rigakafin hauhawar jini

Idan kana da ciwon sukari, wannan ba yana nufin cewa motsa jiki ya keɓaɓɓu ba. A gabansu, kawai kuna buƙatar ƙara adadin carbohydrates da ke cinye guraben burodi 1-2, abu ɗaya yana buƙatar yin bayan horo. Idan kuna shirin zuwa zangon zango ko motsa kayan daki, wanda zai dauki fiye da awanni 2, kuna buƙatar rage kashi na "gajere" wanda insulin ke sarrafawa kwata ko rabin. A irin wannan yanayin, kuna buƙatar kulawa da matakin glucose na kanku ta amfani da glucometer.

Abincin mai ciwon sukari ya kamata ya ƙunshi sunadarai. Wadannan abubuwa zasu iya canzawa zuwa glucose, kuma suna yin wannan na dogon lokaci, suna samar da dare ba tare da maganin tarin jini ba.

Barasa makiyin mai ciwon sukari. Matsakaicin mafi girman yiwuwar yin tallafi yayin rana shine gram 50-75.

Yanayin rashin daidaito

Waɗannan sun haɗa da nau'ikan coma guda uku (da na baya, yanayin precomatous):

1. ketoacidotic,
2. lactic acidotic
3. hyperosmolar.

Duk waɗannan rikice-rikice masu girma suna faruwa ne daga tushen karuwa a cikin glucose jini. Ana kulawa da su a asibiti, a cikin sashin kulawa mai zurfi.

Ketoacidosis

Wannan ɗayan ɗayan rikitarwa ne na ciwon sukari na 1. Yawanci yakan haɗu:

• bayan dogon wucewar shan insulin ko allunan rage sukari, wanda yawanci yakan faru ne yayin rashin ci, zazzabi, tashin zuciya ko amai,
• bayan kankare magungunan da ke sama, wanda yafi faruwa saboda dalilai iri ɗaya,
• da ci gaban m cututtuka, musamman wadanda lalacewa ta hanyar wani wakili da cutar,
• isasshen sashi na insulin,
• exacerbation na kowane cuta cuta,
• gudanar da insulin ko wakilin rage sukari mai karewa,
• bugun zuciya
• bugun jini
• rauni
• jihar rawar jiki (sakamakon asarar ruwa, zubar jini, rashin lafiyan - anaphylaxis, lalacewar tarin kwayoyin cuta yayin shan allurai na farko).
• sepsis
• kowane, musamman gaggawa, aiki.

A ƙarshen asalin rashi na insulin, glucose (maɓallin babban makamashi) ya daina shiga cikin sel, yana tara jini. Kwayoyin daga wannan kwarewar "yunwar makamashi", wanda ke damuwa da jiki. Don mayar da hankali ga damuwa, ana ba da izinin “hormones damuwa” cikin jini: adrenaline, cortisol, glucagon. Suna haɓaka glucose na jini har ma da ƙari. Ofara yawan ɓangaren ruwa na jini yana ƙaruwa. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar kwayar kwayar halitta mai aiki da jini, wacce take 'glucose', tana jan “ruwa” daga sel zuwa cikin jini.

Babban taro na glucose har yanzu ba za a iya rage yawan shi da yawaitar jini ba, saboda haka kodan na da hannu wajen cire wannan carbohydrate. Amma ana shirya su ta yadda, tare da glucose, electrolytes (sodium, chlorides, potassium, fluorine, alli) suma suna shiga fitsari. Ana cire su ta hanyar jawo ruwa ga kansu. Sakamakon haka, bushewar ruwa ke faruwa a cikin jiki, kodan da kwakwalwa suka fara fama da karancin isasshen jini. “Yunwar matsananciyar kwayar cuta” tana bada siginar don samar da lactic acid, wanda sakamakon pH din jini ya canza zuwa gefen acidic.

A lokaci guda, jiki yana buƙatar samar da kansa da makamashi, tunda, dukda cewa akwai glucose mai yawa, baya isa ga sel. Sannan yana kunna rushewar kitse a cikin tsopose nama. “Sakamakon sakamako” na samar da sel da makamashi daga mai shine bayyanar a cikin jinin ketone (acetone). Suna kara yin garkuwa da pH na jini, kuma suna da sakamako mai guba a gabobin ciki:

• a kwakwalwa - yana haifar da talaucin hankali,
• a kan zuciya - watse da kari,
• akan narkewa, yana haifar da amai da zafi na ciki kamar hanji,
• numfashi, tsokanar abin da ya faru

Bayyanar cututtuka na Ketoacidosis

Ketoacidosis ya ci gaba ta fuskoki 4 na nasara:

1. Ketosis Ana lura da bushewar fata da ƙwayoyin mucous, kuna da ƙishirwa sosai, rauni da hauhawar haɓaka, abinci yana raguwa, ciwon kai ya bayyana. Tana zama fitsari da yawa.
2. Ketoacidosis. Mutumin da "yayi barci akan tafiya", daga wurin yana amsa tambayoyin, ana jin warin acetone daga gare shi a cikin iska. Hawan jini yana raguwa, bugun jini yana ƙaruwa, amai yana bayyana. Yawan rage fitsari yana raguwa.
3. Precoma. Abu ne mai wahala ka farkar da mutum, alhali yakan yi amai da yawa a cikin launin ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi. Tsakanin tsakanin vomiting, zaku iya lura cewa kumburin numfashi ya canza: ya zama mai yawan surutu, da hayaniya. Wani haske yana bayyana akan kumatun. Tashin ciki na haifar da jin zafi.
4. Coma Rashin sani. Mutumin nan mara nauyi ne, kumatunsa masu ruwan hoda, numfashinsa babu amo, yana jin warin acetone.

Binciken wannan yanayin ya samo asali ne daga ƙudurin matakan glucose na jini, yayin da sukari da jikin ketone an ƙaddara su cikin fitsari. Za'a iya gano na ƙarshen a gida tare da tsararrun gwaji na musamman da aka tsoma cikin fitsari.

Ana gudanar da aikin tiyata a cikin ɓangaren kulawa mai zurfi na asibiti kuma ya ƙunshi cike ƙarancin insulin tare da magani mai gajeriyar aiki, wanda ana gudanar dashi kullun, a cikin ƙananan allurai, zuwa cikin jijiya. “Whale” na biyu na magani shine dawowa ga mutum wanda ruwansa ya rasa, ta hanyar hanyoyin samar da wadataccen ruwan-kwakwa.

Hyperosmolar coma

Wannan sakamako ne na ciwon sukari a cikin maza da mata, galibi tsofaffi, da ciwon sukari na 2. Yana tasowa ne sakamakon tarawar glucose da sodium a cikin jini - abubuwan da ke haifar da bushewar sel da yalwar gado na jijiyoyin jiki tare da “ruwa” wanda aka kwashe daga kyallen takarda.

Hyperosmolar coma yana faruwa ne akan asalin hadewar daskararru sakamakon amai da gudawa sakamakon kamuwa da hanji, guba, cholecystitis, cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, zubar jini, da magungunan diuretic. A wannan yanayin, yakamata a sami rashi na insulin, wanda ke ƙaruwa da raunin da ya faru, shawo kan lamarin, ba ji ba gani.

Wannan yanayin yakan ci gaba a hankali - daysan kwanaki ko ofan kwanaki goma sha biyu. A farko, alamun cutar mellitus na kara kuzari: ƙishirwa, karuwar fitsari, da raguwa a jiki. Twitching na ƙananan tsokoki yana bayyana, wanda sannu a hankali yana ƙaruwa kuma ya juya zuwa cramps. Matsalan ya karye, tashin zuciya da amai suna bayyana, saboda wane ne

A ranar farko ko daga baya, hankali yana cikin damuwa. Da farko, wannan shine disorientation a sarari, sannan hallucinations da delusions. Daga baya, alamomi iri ɗaya ga waɗanda ke da bugun jini ko encephalitis na haɓaka: gurguwa, raunin magana, motsi na ido. A hankali, mutum ya zama yana “zama mara nauyi”, numfashinsa yakan zama na sama ne, kuma baya jin warin acetone.

Farfesa ya ƙunshi cika rashi na insulin, da ruwa da kuma electrolytes, da kuma kula da yanayin da ya haifar da rikicewar ciwon sukari. Ana gudanar da shi a cikin sashin kulawa mai zurfi na asibiti.

Cact Acid Acid Coma

Wannan rikicewar mafi yawanci tana tasowa ne a cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 2, musamman a cikin tsofaffi (shekaru 50 da haihuwa). Dalilinsa shine karuwa a cikin abubuwan lactic acid (lactate) a cikin jini. Wannan halin yana tsokanar shi ne ta hanyar cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, wanda a cikin jijiyar jijiyoyin nama ke tasowa.

Ilimin halin dan Adam ya bayyana kansa a matsayin kwararar ciwon sukari:

• karuwa da ƙishirwa
• rauni, gajiya,
• yawan fitsari.

Kuna iya zargin lactic acidosis saboda raunin ƙwayar tsoka wanda ke faruwa saboda tarin lactic acid a cikinsu.

Don haka, cikin sauri (amma ba a cikin mintuna ba, kamar hypoglycemia), cin zarafin jihar yana tasowa:

• canji na sani
• canji a cikin iska numfashi,
• zuciya tashin hankali,
• rage karfin jini.

A wannan yanayin, mutuwa na iya faruwa sakamakon kamuwa da numfashi ko gazawar zuciya, don haka ya kamata asibiti ya kasance cikin gaggawa.

Bayyanar cututtuka da magani

Za'a iya bambance wannan nau'in rashin daidaituwa na coma a cikin asibiti, yayin da a lokaci guda ke tallafawa mutum ta hanyar gudanar da insulin, mafita wanda ya ƙunshi ruwa da lantarki, da kuma tabbataccen adadin maganin alkaline na soda da kwayoyi waɗanda ke tallafawa aikin zuciya.

Retinopathy

Wannan rikitarwa ce mafi girma ko ƙasa a cikin duk marasa lafiya da ke fama da ciwon sukari kuma suna haifar da nakasawar gani. Rashin ƙwaƙwalwar ciwon sukari fiye da sauran sakamako na ƙarshen yana haifar da tawaya, hana mutum hangen nesa. Ga makaho ɗaya, saboda wasu dalilai, 25 makafi ne sakamakon lalacewar jijiyoyin zuciya.

Tsawon lokacin glucose na dogon lokaci a cikin taskokin retina yana haifar da raguwarsu. Capillaries suna ƙoƙari su rama don wannan yanayin, don haka a wasu wuraren jigilar jaka-kamar protrusions sun bayyana, wanda jini ke ƙoƙarin canza abubuwa masu mahimmanci tare da retina. Yana zama mara kyau, kuma retina yana fama da rashin isashshen sunadarin oxygen. Sakamakon haka, ana sanya salts na salis da lipids a ciki, sannan sai aka samar da sikeli da ƙuƙwalwa a maimakon su. Idan tsari ya yi nisa, toshe bakin fata na iya haifar da makanta. Hakanan, basur mai narkewa ko glaucoma na iya haifar da makanta.

Cutar tana bayyana kanta tare da hango nesa a hankali, raguwa a filayen gani (ya zama ba a ganuwa akan bangarorin). Zai fi kyau a tantance shi a farkon matakin, saboda haka yana da mahimmanci a bincika a likitan mahaifa, ƙwararren ƙurawar idanu, bincika tasoshin kashin baya kowane watanni 6-12.

Kwayar cuta

Wannan rikitarwa yana faruwa a cikin ¾ marasa lafiya da ciwon sukari kuma yana ɗaukar takamaiman cutar koda, wanda a ƙarshe yakan haifar da ci gaban lalacewa na koda. Mafi yawan lokuta mutanen da ke fama da kamuwa da ciwon sukari na 1 suna mutuwa daga gare ta.

Ana iya gano alamun farko na lalacewar koda koda a cikin nazarin fitsari shekaru 5-10 bayan fara cutar.

A cikin ci gabanta, nephropathy ya ratsa matakai 3:

1. Microalbuminuria Kusan babu tsinkaye na zahiri; hawan jini zai dan kara kadan. A cikin fitsari da aka tara a cikin sa'o'i 24, enzyme immunoassay, radioimmune da hanyoyin immunoturbidimetric.
2. Proteinuria A wannan matakin, an rasa furotin mai yawa a cikin fitsari. Rashin wadataccen furotin wanda a da yake riƙe ruwa a tasoshin yana haifar da ƙaddamar da ruwa a cikin ƙwayar. Wannan shine yadda edema ke tasowa, musamman akan fuska. Hakanan, a cikin 60-80% na mutane, duka "babba" da "ƙananan" haɓaka.
3. Ciwon mara na wucin gadi. Yawan fitsari yana raguwa, fatar jiki ta bushe kuma ya bushe, kuma an lura da cutar hawan jini. Yawancin lokaci akwai abubuwan tashin hankali da amai, da kuma hankali yakan yi wahala, saboda mutum yakan zama mai kaɗaici da tunani da mahimmanci.

Macroangiopathy

Wannan shine yanayin lokacin da ciwon sukari mellitus ya haifar da yanayi a cikin manyan tasoshin don haɓaka filayen atherosclerotic a cikinsu. Wannan yana shafar tasoshin da ke ba da jini a cikin zuciya (sannan angina pectoris da infarction na myocardial na faruwa), ƙananan gabobin (wannan yana haifar da gangrene), kwakwalwa (wannan yana haifar da haɓakar encephalopathy da bugun jini), da ciki (mesenteric thrombosis tasowa).

Don haka, ma'anar encephalopathy na ciwon sukari ana nuna shi ta hanyar rauni mai rauni da rage karfin aiki, motsawar yanayi, lalacewar tunani, tunani da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya, magance ciwon kai.

Ana bayyanar da Macroangiopathy na ƙananan ƙarshen ta hanyar wahala a cikin motsawar ƙafa da safe, wanda daga nan ya wuce, ta hanyar ƙaruwa da gajiyar tsokoki na ƙafa, jin sanyi a cikinsu da kuma wuce kima. Bugu da ari, kafafu suna da sanyi sosai, mai ƙage, farfan kusoshin ya zama mara nauyi, ya yi fari. Bayan wannan matakin, na gaba yana haɓaka, lokacin da mutum ya fara ɗumbin rauni saboda ya zama mai wahala yin tafiya. Wadannan zafin suna iya faruwa a cikin yanayin kwantar da hankula. A kan kafafu, fatar ta juya fata.Mataki na karshe na wannan rikitarwa shine gangrene na ƙafa, yatsunsu, kafa na ƙasa.

Tare da ƙarancin rikitarwa a cikin wadatar da jini zuwa kafafu, raunin trophic raunuka ya bayyana a kansu.

Lalacewa ga tsarin juyayi

Irin wannan ilimin, lokacin da aka shiga sassan tsakiya da na waje wanda yake aiki, ana kiran shi neuropathy diabetic. Wannan shi ne ɗayan abubuwan da ke haifar da ci gaba na haɗari mai haɗari - ƙafar mai ciwon sukari, wanda yawanci yakan haifar da yankan ƙafa (ƙafa).

Abin da ya faru na ciwon sukari mai ciwon sukari bashi da cikakken bayani. Wasu masana kimiyya sun yi imani da cewa matakin hawan glucose mai haɓaka yana haifar da edema da lalacewar ƙwayoyin jijiya, yayin na biyu - cewa tashoshin jijiyoyi suna wahala saboda ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki sakamakon lalacewar jijiyoyinsu.

Neuropathy na iya bayyana kansa ta hanyoyi daban-daban, gwargwadon nau'in sa:

• Sensory neuropathy yana haifar da yanayin rauni, jin "goosebumps" ko sanyi, yawancin akan ƙananan ƙarshen. Yayinda suke ci gaba, waɗannan alamun suna wucewa zuwa hannu (a cikin "safofin hannu"), kirji da ciki. Sakamakon cin zarafi da ƙwaƙwalwar jin zafi, mutum bazai lura da raunin fata ba, wanda a cikin ciwon sukari yana da halayyar warkarwa kuma yana ba da talauci.
• Wani nau'in zuciya yana bayyana ta hanyar bugun zuciya yayin hutu, wanda hakan ya karya karfin dacewa da zuciya ga ayyukan jiki.
• Siffar na ciki. An lalata hanyar abinci ta hanyar esophagus, motility na ciki yana hanzartawa ko a hankali, wanda ke shafar sarrafa abinci. Akwai kuma maganin zawo da maƙarƙashiya.
• Tsarin urogenital yana faruwa lokacin da jijiyoyin ƙwayoyin sacral suka sha wahala. Yana bayyana kanta a matsayin cin zarafin hulɗa da ureters da mafitsara, lalata daga tashin hankali da kawowa a cikin maza, cikin mata - bushe farji.
• Ana nuna nau'in fata ta hanyar lalacewar gland gland, sakamakon abin da saɓani ya bushe.

Neuropathy wani rikitarwa ne mai haɗari, yayin da mutum ya daina jin ƙwancin hypoglycemia sakamakon cin zarafin ganewar sigina daga jikin sa.

Nau'in Neuropathic

Yana tasowa a cikin kashi 60-70% na lokuta na ƙafar masu ciwon sukari; yakan taso ne sakamakon lalacewar jijiyoyin, wanda ya gushe yana gabatar da sha'awa ga tsotsan ƙafa ko hannu.

Yana bayyana kanta a matsayin lokacin farin ciki na fata a cikin yankuna da karuwar damuwa (mafi yawan lokuta akan tafin kafa da tsakanin yatsunsu), bayyanar kumburi a wurin, sannan kuma lahani na nakasa. Kafar ta zama mai kumbura da zafi sosai ga tabawa, kasusuwa da gidajen abinci kuma suna shafar, wanda ya sa jijiyoyin jiki da jiki su ke tasowa. Ba wai kawai raunuka ba, har ma da karaya ba koyaushe suna haɗuwa da bayyanar zafin saboda tasirin azanci.

Late rikice-rikice na musamman game da nau'ikan ciwon sukari daban-daban

Tsarin zuciya da jijiyoyin jini na wannan nau'in cuta ba ta hali ba.

Yadda za a bi da tasirin cututtukan marigayi

Kula da rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari ya dogara da "ginshiƙai guda uku":

1. Ragewa cikin matakin glucose, kawowa da riƙe shi a matakin ƙirar ƙirar jiki ba ya ƙarancin 4.4, amma ba ya fi 7 mmol / l ba. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da insulin - gajere da tsawaita aiki (idan akwai nau'in ciwon sukari na 1) ko allunan rage sukari (don cuta ta 2).
2. Diyya don tafiyar matakai na rayuwa wadanda suka “ɓace” a sakamakon raunin insulin. Don wannan dalili, an tsara shirye-shiryen acid na lipoic acid (Berlition, Dialipon), shirye-shiryen jijiyoyin bugun jini: Pentoxifylline, Actovegin, Nicotinic Acid. A gaban babban ma'aunin atherogenic (an tantance shi ta hanyar bayanin martaba na lipid), an tsara magungunan rage cholesterol: statins, fibrates, ko hade da shi.
3. Jiyya na musamman ci gaban rikicewa:
   • Tare da retinopathy, musamman a farkon matakan, ana amfani da laser photocoagulation na retina don hana hasarar hangen nesa. Hakanan za'a iya yin ƙwayar Vitrectomy - cirewa daga cikin mara lafiyar.
   • Lokacin da aka tsara nephropathy kwayoyi waɗanda ke rage karfin jini ("Lisinopril", "Enalapril"), an tsara rage cin gishiri mai ƙoshin gishiri, haɓaka adadin carbohydrates a cikin abincin don rufe farashin makamashi. Tare da haɓaka gazawar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta na katako, ana nuna tsinkaye ko hemodialysis bisa ga alamun. Canjin koda koda za'a yi.
   • Neuropathy yana buƙatar magani tare da bitamin B, wanda ke inganta hanya daga jijiya zuwa tsoka. Centralarin abubuwan shakatawa na tsoka na tsakiya: Gabopentin, Pregabalin, Carbamazepine.
   • Tare da ƙafar mai ciwon sukari, ya zama dole don kula da raunuka, ɗaukar maganin rigakafi na tsari, sanya takalma na musamman don raunin fata mai rauni, da kuma komawa zuwa motsa jiki.

Cutar ciwon sukari a cikin yara

Tun da nau'in cuta ta 1, wanda akwai karancin insulin, mafi yawan lokuta yana tasowa a cikin yara, babban rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari a cikin yara shine ketoacidosis da hypoglycemia. Sun bayyana a daidai yadda suke a cikin manya. Tare da hypoglycemia, rawar jiki yana bayyana, jiki ya rufe da ruwan ɗumi mai ɗumi, yaro na iya neman abinci.

Wani lokacin alamar farko wacce ake gano cutar sankarau shine ciwon ciki da amai, saboda wanda ake kwantar da jariri a asibiti ko a asibiti ko kuma (a cikin asibitin tiyata ne (zafin yana da kamannin cutar ta appendicitis)). Furtherarin gaba, bayan ƙayyadadden matakin sukari, kazalika da gudanar da wasu ƙarin gwaje-gwaje, an kafa tushen gano cutar sankara.

Cticarancin lactic acidotic da rikitarwa na hyperosmolar yara ba halayyar haɓaka ba, haɓaka da wuya.

Amma akwai takamaiman sakamako ga yara:

• karancin insulin na kullum. Yana haɓakawa tare da ƙayyadadden zaɓi da aka zaɓa ko raguwarsa mara izini. Yana bayyana kanta a matsayin ci gaba na tsufa, lokacin balaga, haɓaka, farawar matsaloli da jijiyoyin jini. Jiyya: kashi na dubawa,
• na kullum yawan insulin insulin. An bayyana shi ta hanyar ci, yawan kiba, lokacin samartaka da kuma saurin girma. Da safe, yaro yana jin alamun hypoglycemia (yunwar, rauni, zufa, rawar jiki, yanayin motsi). Jiyya: sake dubawa na kashi.

Rashin rikicewar latti, musamman macroangiopathies, shine mafi halayyar manya-manya masu nau'in 2 masu ciwon sukari tare da ƙwarewar shekaru 10 ko sama da haka, kuma da wuya haɓaka cikin yara.

Haɓaka ciwon sukari a cikin yaro yana da haɗari cewa zai haɓaka microangiopathy, lalacewar kodan, zuciya, rauni na farko na atherosclerotic vascular, angina pectoris da gazawar koda na gajiya yayin tsufa /

Yadda ake hana ci gaban cututtukan da ke haifar da cutar sankara

Babban rigakafin rikice-rikice na ciwon sukari shine kiyaye matakan al'ada na glucose da haemoglobin cikin jini. Don yin wannan, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar maganin cututtukan jini, wanda likita ya zaɓa, ku bi rage ƙarancin abincin carb, sarrafa nauyin kanku, ƙin halaye marasa kyau da sunan ingancin rayuwa. Hakanan kuna buƙatar tuna cewa hawan jini kada ya wuce adadi 130/80 mm Hg.

Yana da mahimmanci a gudanar da nazari na yau da kullun: gwaje-gwajen jini, gwajin fitsari, dopplerography na tasoshin jini, gwaji a cikin kuɗi, shawarwari na likitocin jijiyoyin bugun gini, cututtukan zuciya da ƙwararrun masu cutar cututtukan jijiyoyin ƙwaƙwalwa don gano lokaci mai rikitarwa. Karka daina shan asfirin yau da kullun don zubar da jini: wannan na iya hana bugun zuciya, babban jijiyoyin jini ko bugun jini.

Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a kula da hankali musamman game da bincika jikinku, musamman maɓuɓɓun ƙafa don fara ganowa da magance raunuka, fasa da raunuka. Don rigakafin ciwon sukari:

• don dumama ƙafafun ku ba tare da kayan lantarki ko baho mai zafi ba, amma tare da safa na woolen,
• Saka takalma masu santsi
• yin wasan motsa jiki a kowace rana
• kula da kusoshi tare da fayil,
• Bayan wanka, shafa ƙafafunku a hankali tare da abu mai taushi, sanya fata ku da fatara mai ruwan sanyi.

Yadda za a nuna hali da kamuwa da cutar sankarau?

Marasa lafiya tare da masu ciwon sukari yakamata ya ɗauki duk magungunan likita da mahimmanci (yawanci masanin ilimin endocrinologist yana kula da irin waɗannan marasa lafiya). Ya kamata ku ziyarci kwararru a kai a kai, lura da yanayin kuzari, kar ku ƙi gwaje-gwaje na gwaji da gwaje-gwaje na gwaje-gwaje, a hankali kula da lafiyarku. Hakanan ana ba da shawarar marasa lafiya su ziyarci likitocin abubuwan da ke da alaƙa - likitan zuciya, ƙwararren mahaifa, urologist, nephrologist (sau biyu a shekara, idan ya cancanta - har ma sau da yawa).

Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a ci daidai - yi amfani da abinci na musamman. Kyakkyawan mafita shine a adana keɓaɓɓen bayanan kula da matsayin mutum. A wannan yanayin ne kawai zai yuwu a daidaita yanayin da rage haɗarin rikitarwa.

Rashin fahimta ko rashinsa yana haifar da bayyanar:

Siffofin babban rikitarwa a cikin masu ciwon sukari

Wani matsanancin rikitarwa yana tasowa da sauri - daga sa'o'i da yawa zuwa kwanaki da yawa. Yanayin ya tsananta sosai. Idan ba'a bayar da taimakon da ya dace ba akan lokaci, mutuwa na iya yiwuwa.

Yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar da sanadin tashin hankali kuma a rarrabe manyan nau'ikan rikice-rikice dangane da alamun alamomin da yawa. A cikin allunan da ke ƙasa, mun bayyana daki-daki alamun bayyanar cututtuka.

Tebur - matsanancin ciwon sukari

Munafukan ciki

Mai samar da irin wannan mummunan tsari yakan zama:

1. yawan shan kwayoyi masu yawa
2. karfi da barasa zagi
3. wuce kima ta jiki da ta-hankalin damuwa.

Idanu ba su amsa tudun haske ba.

Alamar halayyar munafukai huɗaɗɗu ce da gumi. Coma mai yiwuwa ne. Rashin haɗariDuk mutumin da yake da kowane irin nau'in ciwon sukari ya kamata ya lura da yawan cututtukan jini.

Lactic acidosis coma

Rashin lafiyar zuciya, barazanar koda da kuma hanta na tasowa. Alamar halayyaWajibi ne mutum ya lura da asarar sani.

Akwai karancin urination da take hakkin aikin na numfashi.

Marasa lafiya na da karancin jini. Babban hadarin haɗariTsofaffi marasa lafiya (shekaru 50 da haihuwa) tare da alamun cututtukan ciwon sukari na 2.

Rikicewar ciwon sukari na kullum

Adayyadaddun bin umarnin likita da sanya idanu a kai a kai na iya rage tsananin cutar. Koyaya, har ma abubuwan da suka faru masu cancantar ba za su iya kawar da duk sakamakon ba. Sabili da haka, bayan kusan shekaru 10 -15, tare da mummunan cutar ciwon sukari, lalata sannu-sannu na faruwa a jiki. Bayyan bayyanar cututtuka masu rikitarwa a wannan yanayin babu makawa.

Hankali! Ciwon sukari yana faruwa tare da manyan canje-canje a cikin abubuwan da ke cikin jini. Sabili da haka, akwai rashin nasara ga dukkanin gabobin.

Tebur - Abun Ciwon Ciwon Ciwon Mara

Karshe Tare da ciwon sukari, kusan dukkanin nau'ikan tafiyar matakai na rayuwa suna rushewa. Gaskiya ne saboda metabolism metabolism. Cutar ta zama ta jiki kuma ba za a iya warke ta gaba daya ba.

Koyaya, kuna buƙatar sarrafa yanayin ku. Duk da gaskiyar cutar sukari har yanzu ba a warke ba, abinci mai cancanta, motsa jiki mai ma'ana, tsabtace mutum da kulawar likita yana inganta haɓaka.

Mai ciwon sukari dole ya tuna

Damuwa, kamuwa da cuta da ta gabata har ma da cin zarafin stool, wanda talakawa ba zai kula da shi ba, yana buƙatar matakan gaggawa ga irin wannan mai haƙuri. Kwararren likitancin endocrinologist zai gudanar da bincike, ya tsara gwaje-gwaje da kuma daidaita magani.

Babban mahimmancin shirin jiyya shine ikon sarrafa kansa mai zaman kansa na glucose (4-6.6 mmol / L) da glycosylated haemoglobin a cikin jini (ƙasa da 8%).

Yawancin marasa lafiya sun yi watsi da shawarwari. Hujjar ita ce ba a kula da cutar, don haka zan yi hali kamar talakawa, kuma mu more rayuwa. Likitoci sun yi gargadin cewa zai fi kyau a rage abinci mai gina jiki, daidaita dabi'un rayuwa, kawar da munanan dabi'u, fiye da fama da cututtukan da ba su warkarwa ba, asarar hangen nesa, rashin lafiyar koda.

Tashin hankalin da ba makawa zai tashi har yanzu yana buƙatar magani da canje-canje na rayuwa. A lokaci guda, irin wannan mutumin zai ji mummunan rauni idan aka kwatanta da mai haƙuri wanda ya bi rubutattun magungunan likitoci daga lokacin gano cutar.

Late (na kullum) rikitarwa

Tsawan matakan glucose na dogon lokaci suna cutar jiki. Mafi girman matakin glucose, rikice-rikice na farko zai bayyana. Rikitarwa na gaba ya danganta da tsarin biyu: jijiyoyin jiki da juyayi.

Tashin hankali mai dangantaka da lalacewar jijiyoyin jiki

Rikici mai dangantaka da lalacewar tsarin mai juyayi

Tsarin glucose mai narkewa yana lalata jijiyoyi kuma rikitarwa da ake kira polyneuropathy na ciwon sukari yana haɓaka. Dukansu tsarin tsakiya da na gefe suna aiki.

Bayyanar cututtuka na polyneuropathy: bushe fata, ƙarancin firgici, abin mamaki na fata, fata na aiki gabobin ciki (lalacewar peristalsis, urination tafiyar matakai), motsawa cikin maza yana ƙaruwa.

Na dabam, yana da daraja a tattauna irin wannan rikitarwa kamar ƙafar mai ciwon sukari. Wannan rikitarwa yana tasowa saboda lalacewar jijiyoyi da jijiyoyin jini. An bambanta nau'i biyu na ƙafafun ciwon sukari: neuropathic da ischemic.

• Neuropathic - yana haɓaka saboda lalacewar jijiya. Abubuwan da jijiyoyi ba su shiga ƙafar da kyau. Kafar ta kumbura, tayi zafi, fatar ta yi kauri, raunuka sun bayyana.
• Ischemic - yana da alaƙa da lalacewar tasoshin da ke ciyar da ƙafa, ischemia ke haɓaka. Fatar ta juya gaba daya, ta zama sanyi, daga baya raunuka masu rauni suka faru.

Haɓaka ƙafar mai ciwon sukari cuta ce mai wahala sosai, sau da yawa yakan haifar da gangrene, sannan kuma zuwa yanke hannu.

Abun Ciki na Cutar Rana 1

Rikici a cikin nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari kusan iri ɗaya ne da na ciwon sukari na 2, tare da ɗan bambanci:

• Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1, cututtukan huhu sau da yawa suna ci gaba (wanda ba shine al'ada ba don nau'in 2).
• A cikin cututtukan ciwon sukari na nau'in farko, cututtukan hypoglycemic sun fi yawa, amma yawancin lokuta hyperosmolar da lactic acidotic ba su da yawa.
• Ciwon sukari na Type 1 shine yafi dacewa ya haifar da lalacewar tsarin zuciya.

Jiyya na matsananciyar rikitarwa

Hypoglycemia. Da farko dai, kuna buƙatar ƙara matakin glucose a cikin jini. Idan mara lafiya yana da hankali kuma shi kansa ya lura cewa cutar sanƙara ce fara ce, to kawai yana buƙatar cin wani abu mai daɗi, kamar su alewa, ɗan suga, shan ruwa mai daɗi, da dai sauransu. Idan ba a dauki matakan a cikin lokaci ba kuma akwai asarar hankali, kuna buƙatar taimakon likita wanda ya cancanta. : shigarwa na dropper tare da maganin glucose. Idan ba a ba da taimako akan lokaci ba, mummunan sakamako kan iya yiwuwa - canjin mutum da mutuwa.

Ketoacidosis, lactate-acidotic coma, hyperosmolar coma. Wadannan yanayi guda uku suna haɓaka da asali daga matakan glucose mai ɗorewa, don haka matakin farko na magani zai zama shine gudanar da insulin a cikin yanayin sake farfadowa. Mataki na biyu shine sake maye gurbin raunin ruwa da kuma gyaran damuwa na lantarki.

Jiyya na ƙarshen (na kullum) rikitarwa

Da farko dai, idan akwai rikicewar rikicewar marigayi, wajibi ne don daidaita jiyya da abinci mai haƙuri.

Ga duk angiopathies, magunguna waɗanda ke ƙarfafa bango na jijiyoyin bugun gini (angioprotector), an tsara magungunan antiplatelet da maganin anticoagulants. Hakanan yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da hanyoyin likita na jiyya, irin su magnetotherapy, laser therapy, acupuncture, da sauransu.

Bugu da ƙari, tare da retinopathy, ana kula da yanayin retina kuma idan ya cancanta, ana yin photocoagulation.

Tare da nephropathy, an wajabta rage cin abinci mai gina jiki da furotin. An tsara magunguna don rage karfin jini. Tare da haɓaka gazawar haɓaka mai yawa, ana yin hemodialysis.

Kulawa da polyneuropathy ya ƙunshi a cikin alƙawarin bitamin, shirye-shiryen acid na lipoic da magungunan da ke inganta wurare dabam dabam na jini, electrophoresis, tausa.

Kulawa da ƙafafun sukari ya ƙunshi magunguna waɗanda ke haɓaka wurare dabam dabam na jini da ɓarna da ƙafafun hannu (jami'in antiplatelet, anticoagulants, angioprotectors, bitamin). An wajabta tausa, acupuncture da sauran hanyoyin motsa jiki. Tabbatar sanya takalmin da ba ya hana ƙafa. Lokacin da raunuka suka bayyana, ana buƙatar taimakon mai tiyata, an wajabta magungunan warkarwa na rauni. Tare da haɓakar gangrene, tiyata tiyata ya zama dole.

Kamar yadda za'a iya gani daga labarin, ciwon sukari cuta ce mai rikitarwa, kuma rikice-rikice suna rikicewa, don haka yana da matukar mahimmanci a bi duk shawarwari game da abinci, magani da salon rayuwa. Kamar yadda S. Ramishvili ya ce: “Yin rigakafin cutar ita ce mafi kyawun jiyya.”