Insulins sabon Nordisk: aiki, abun da ke ciki da mai ƙira

Sunan kasa da kasa. Insulin.

Abun ciki da nau'i na saki. Abubuwan da ke aiki shine insulin. Maganin allura (1 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi yana da aikin 40 KUDI) na 10 ml a cikin kwalabe.

• Aikin magunguna
• Alamu don amfani
• Contraindications
• Side effects

Aikin magunguna. Musamman wakili mai maganin antidi. An samo insulin don amfanin likita daga cututtukan shanu da aladu. An kuma yi amfani da insulin na ɗan adam na biosynthesized by E. coli al'adar kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin aikin asibiti. Allurar insulin ta karancin jini fiye da bovine tana haifar da samuwar kwayoyin a jikin dan adam, tunda ya banbanta da kwayar amino acid ta mutum. Daga matsayin tsarkin insulin, shirye-shiryen samar da insulin ya kasu kashi biyu “na gargajiya” da wadanda ke tare da kwayoyin halitta .. Tsarkakken insulin na insulin a zahiri an cire abubuwanda ke haifar da kwayar halitta zuwa insulin .. Tare da maganin shawo kan insulin mai sauki, akwai magunguna da yawa tare da tsawaita matakan kasancewar protamine, zinc, buffer. yana canza ƙimar farawar tasirin sakamako, lokacin mafi girman tasirin, jimlar lokacin aiki. PID HM, Actrapid HM Penfill, Actrapid MS, Actrapid Matsakaici na tsawon lokaci: Actrafan HM Penfill, Monotard HM, Isofan HM, Tape MS, Monotard MS, Semilent MS, Tape, Isofan, Semilent Dogayen magunguna: Ultratard, Matsanancin MS Insulin na mutum: Actrapid NM, Actrapid NM Penfill, Actrafan NM Penfill, Monotard NM, Isofan NM, Ultratard Monocomponent insulins: Actrapid MS, MS tef, MS Monotard, MS Semilent, MS Ultralent. Ulwararrun abubuwa masu tsafta: Actrapid, Leyte, Isofan, Semilent, Ultralente.

Sakawa lokacin. Zabi na kashi da nau'in insulin ya dogara da nau'in, tsananin da halaye na hanyar cutar, lokacin farawa da tsawon lokacin tasirin sukari. A karo na farko, an wajabta insulin kuma an ƙaddara mafi yawan ƙwayoyi a cikin asibiti. Initialarin farko na insulin a cikin mai haƙuri tare da ciwon sukari wanda ba a kula da shi da insulin an ƙaddara shi bisa la’akari da yanayin gaba ɗaya, glycemia da glucosuria yau da kullun, da kuma nauyin jikin mai haƙuri. Don haka, a cikin kyakkyawan yanayi na mai haƙuri tare da sabon ciwon sukari mellitus ba tare da ketoacidosis mai ciwon sukari tare da glycemia indices har zuwa 8.33-8.88 mmol / L, ana iya lissafin kashi na farko dangane da sashin insulin na 0.25 U / kg na nauyin jikin mai haƙuri. Ana gudanar da nazarin sarrafa kwayar cutar glycemia bayan allurar farko ta insulin a yayin tasirin mafi girma. Dangane da tsananin cutarwar tasirin tasirin cutar ƙwayar cuta, kashi na gaba yana ƙaddara ne. Idan batun yawan zubar da ruwa, idan mai haƙuri yana sane, glucose (sukari) aka allura a ciki, idan cikin yanayi bai san komai ba - maganin glucose na ciki ko intramuscularly ko glucagon. Yakamata a dakatar da sinadarin zinc-insulin kafin a yi amfani dashi kuma nan da nan allura bayan tarin sirinji.

Side effects. Halin hypoglycemic tare da yunwar, rauni, sweating, numbness na lebe, harshe, rawar jiki, rawar jiki, bugun jini, rashin lafiyar jiki, halayen halayen gida da / ko yanayin gaba ɗaya, a wurin allurar - hypertrophic ko atrophic lipodystrophy, na farko ko na biyu insulin tsayayya.

Contraindications don amfani da insulin na Novo Nordisk. Yanayin hypoglycemic, hypersensitivity ga miyagun ƙwayoyi. An wajabta insulin tare da taka tsantsan a cikin marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari mellitus tare da ƙarancin jijiyoyi ko ƙarancin jijiyoyin ƙwayar cuta. Game da kwayar cutar kowane kwayar halitta, ketosis mai ciwon sukari, yanayin precoatous, cututtukan cututtuka, shirye-shiryen insulin tsawan lokaci suna contraindicated yayin lokacin aikin tiyata da bayarwa ga marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari mellitus.

Umarni na musamman. Don rage haɗarin hypoglycemia lokacin canja wurin mai haƙuri daga insulin da aka saba amfani dashi, kashi na sabon insulin da aka tsara ya kamata a rage. Tare da bukatun insulin da ke ƙasa raka'a 40, haɗarin yana da ƙarancin. Idan ana buƙatar mafi yawan alluran insulin, saka idanu a hankali akan mai haƙuri ya zama dole kuma an rage kashi 20% a farkon lokacin canja mai haƙuri daga insulin na yau da kullun zuwa ƙwayar naman alade. Canjawa ga wasu nau'ikan insulin ko bovine monocomponent insulin na iya hade da karamin ragi. Lokacin canja wurin marasa lafiya zuwa insulin na ɗan adam, kashi ba ya canzawa idan an shigar da mai haƙuri tare da shirye-shiryen insulin alade, amma an tsara shi lokacin da aka canja wurin daga insulin hade ko insulin bovine. Glucagon, adrenergic agonists, abubuwan asalin phenothiazine, salicylates, butadione, glucocorticoids, maganin hana haihuwa, magungunan ƙwayar cuta na baya, cututtukan thyroid, magungunan gas, magungunan thiazide, furosemide sun raunana tasirin hypoglycemic na insulin, da beta-adrenoide ethyl barasa, na baka antidi sukari - ƙarfafa. Insulin yana inganta tasirin cutar tarin fuka na PASK. Lokacin haɗuwa da shirye-shiryen insulin na dogon lokaci tare da insulins na gajere, dole ne a jawo ƙarshen zuwa cikin sirinji na farko. Ba'a ba da shawarar haɗar da shirye-shiryen insulin acid-mai narkewa da kwayoyin halitta na mutum ba, kazalika da sinadarin phosphate-insulins da abubuwan dakatarwa na zinc-insulin.

Mai masana'anta NOVO NORDISK, Denmark.

Yin amfani da insulin na miyagun ƙwayoyi "sabon Nordisk" kawai kamar yadda likitan likitan ya umurce shi, umarnin shine don tunani!

Ayyuka

Babban hannun jari na kamfanin: Babban Kamfanin Sadarwa (12.4% na hannun jari), Novo AS (10.6% na hannun jari). Karfin kai tsaye a farkon Nuwamba 2009 - $ 32.2 biliyan.

Shugaban kwamitin Darakta - Stan Sheybe (Sten makoma), shugaban - Lars Fruergaard Jørgensen.

Ayyukan gyara |Novo Nordisk - Insulin

Mai masana'anta: Novo Nordisk (Denmark), Novo Nordisk

Taken: Ryzodeg® Ryzodeg®

Suna: Insulin Degludek da insulin kewayon

Aikin magunguna: Magungunan sun ƙunshi insulin aiki a cikin dogon lokaci - Degludek da insulin-gajeren lokaci - Aspart.

Tsawon lokacin da miyagun ƙwayoyi ya fi tsawon sa'o'i 24.

Alamu don amfani: An ba da shawarar Ryzodeg don amfani dashi a cikin mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari na 2 na sukari kamar monotherapy ko a hade tare da magunguna na rage sukari na baka. A cikin mutanen da ke da nau'in 1 mellitus na sukari, ana amfani da Ryzodeg a hade tare da insulin gajere ko matsanancin motsa jiki.

Mai masana'anta: Novo Nordisk (Denmark), Novo Nordisk (Denmark)

Taken: Tresiba®, Tresiba®

Suna: Degludek

Aikin magunguna: Preparationarin insulin aiki mai tsawo.

Misali ne na insulin na mutum.

Ayyukan Degludek shine cewa yana ƙara yawan amfani da glucose ta mai da ƙwayoyin tsoka na kyallen takarda, bayan insulin ya ɗauka ga masu karɓar waɗannan sel. Ayyukanta na biyu da nufin rage yawan samar da glucose ta hanta.
(karin ...)

Mai masana'anta: Novo Nordisk (Denmark), Novo Nordisk

Suna: Novorapid® (insulin aspart), NovoRapid®

Abun ciki: A cikin 1 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya ƙunshi: abu mai aiki: insulin kewayon 100 UNITS ta hanyar hanyar sakewa da ilimin halittar DNA na ilimin halittu a cikin yanayin iri na Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Aikin magunguna: NovoRapid kwatankwacin insulin ɗan adam ne mai gautsi da ƙwaƙwalwar halittar DNA wanda ke tattare da halitta ta amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar Saccharomyces wanda ake maye gurbin amino acid a matsayin B28 da aspartic acid.

Yana hulɗa tare da takamaiman mai karɓa akan ƙwayar cytoplasmic na waje na sel kuma yana samar da hadaddun insulin-receptor wanda ke motsa ayyukan ciki, gami da haɗakar enzymes da yawa (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase, da sauransu).

Rage yawan glucose na jini shine saboda karuwa a cikin jijiyoyin zuciya, karuwar ƙwayar nama, haɓakar lipogenesis, glycogenogenesis, raguwa a cikin yawan samar da glucose ta hanta, da dai sauransu.

Canji na amino acid proline a matsayin B28 tare da aspartic acid a cikin shiri na NovoRapid yana rage sha'awar kwayoyin don samar da hexamers, wanda aka lura dashi a cikin maganin insulin na yau da kullun. Dangane da wannan, NovoRapid yana dafe da sauri daga kitse na subcutaneous kuma yana fara aiki da sauri fiye da insulin na mutum.

NovoRapid yana rage glucose na jini da ƙarfi sosai a cikin awanni 4 na farko bayan cin abinci fiye da insulin ɗan adam mai narkewa. A cikin marasa lafiya da ke dauke da nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari na mellitus, an gano ƙananan matakan postprandial glucose na jini tare da gudanar da NovoRapid, idan aka kwatanta da insulin ɗan adam mai narkewa.
(karin ...)

Mai masana'anta: Novo Nordisk (Denmark), Novo Nordisk

Taken: Levemir®, Levemir®

Suna: Insulin cire

Abun ciki: 1 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya ƙunshi: abu mai aiki: insulin detemir - 100 PIECES, tsofaffi: mannitol, phenol, metacresol, zinc acetate, sodium chloride, disodium phosphate dihydrate, sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, ruwa don yin allura.

Aikin magunguna: Levemir® ana samarwa ta hanyar ilimin halittar halittar jikin halittar DNA ta hanyar amfani da irin wannan kwayar cutar Saccharomyces.

Yana da kwaskwarimar ma'anar kwatancin ɗan adam na tsawaita aikin insulin tare da bayanin martaba na aiki.

Bayanin aikin miyagun ƙwayoyi Levemir Flexpen ba shi da ƙarancin matsayi idan aka kwatanta shi da isofan-insulin da glargine insulin.

Tsawaita aikin na Levemir yana faruwa ne sakamakon bayyanar da haɗin kai na kwayoyin kwayoyin detemir insulin a wurin yin allura da daure kwayoyin kwayoyin zuwa albumin ta hanyar hadewa da sarkar acid mai guba.
(karin ...)

Suna: Protofan®, Protaphane® HM

Mai masana'anta: Novo Nordisk (Denmark), Novo Nordisk

Abun ciki: 1 ml na dakatarwa don allura ya ƙunshi insulin mutum na biosynthetic 100 IU.

Aikin magunguna: Matsakaici insulin. Yana rage maida hankali na glucose a cikin jini, yana kara yawanshi ta hanyar kyallen takarda, yana inganta lipogenesis da glycogenogenesis, sunadaran gina jiki, yana rage yawan samarda glucose ta hanta.

Yana hulɗa tare da takamaiman mai karɓa a kan sel na waje kuma yana samar da mahaɗar insulin na insulin. Ta hanyar kunna kwayar cAMP (a cikin ƙwayoyin mai da ƙwayoyin hanta) ko kai tsaye shiga cikin sel (tsokoki), ƙwaƙwalwar mai ɗaukar insulin ɗin tana ta motsa hanyoyin cikin ciki, gami da

kira na enzymes masu yawa (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, glycogen synthetase, da sauransu).

Rage glucose a cikin jini yana faruwa ne saboda karuwa a cikin jijiyoyin zuciya, karɓar karɓar ƙwaƙwalwa da inganta kyallen takarda, ƙarfafa lipogenesis, glycogenogenesis, haɗin furotin, raguwa a cikin yawan samar da glucose ta hanta (rage raguwar glycogen), da sauransu.

Suna: Actrapid HM, Actrapid HM

Mai masana'anta: Novo Nordisk (Denmark), Novo Nordisk

Abun ciki:

• 1 ml ya ƙunshi - 40 IEarfin kwalliya ko 100 PIECES.
• M abu - mai abu iri ɗaya ga insulin ɗan adam na halitta. Maganin tsaka tsaki (pH = 7.0) insulin don allura (30% amorphous, 70% crystalline).

Aikin magunguna: Yana da tsarin tsinkaye. -An gajeren magani: sakamakon maganin yana farawa ne bayan minti 30. Ana samun ingantaccen sakamako tsakanin sa'o'i 2.5-5 bayan gudanarwa. Tasirin maganin yana wuce 8 hours.
(karin ...)

Mai masana'anta: Novo Nordisk (Denmark), Novo Nordisk

Suna: Ultralente MC®, Ultralente MC®

Abun ciki: 1 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya ƙunshi raka'a 40 ko 100. Abubuwan da ke aiki da miyagun ƙwayoyi shine dakatarwar zinc mai narkewa na insulin naman sa na insulin.

Aikin magunguna: Dogaye da kuma super dogon aiki insulins. Farkon aikin shine 4 hours. Matsakaicin sakamako shine awanni 10-30. Tsawon lokacin aikin shine awoyi 36.

Alamu don amfani: Ciwon sukari mellitus, nau'in I (insulin-dependance), ciwon sukari mellitus, nau'in II (marasa insulin-dogara): mataki na juriya (juriya) zuwa baka (na baka) hypoglycemic (saukar da sukari na jini) kwayoyi, juriya ga wadannan kwayoyi (maganin hadewar), intercurrent (rikitarwa hanya na ciwon sukari mellitus) cututtuka, aiki (monotherapy / magani tare da magani ɗaya / ko haɗuwa da magani), ciki (idan maganin abinci ba shi da tasiri).
(karin ...)

Mai masana'anta: Novo Nordisk (Denmark), Novo Nordisk

Taken: Ultratard® HM, Ultratard® HM

Abun ciki: 1 ml na dakatarwa don yin allura ya ƙunshi ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwaƙwalwar ɗan adam na zinc insulin 40 ko 100 IU, a cikin vials 10 ml.

Aikin magunguna: Ultratard HM shiri ne na insulin da dadewa. Na fara aiki 4 hours bayan subcutaneous management. Matsakaicin sakamako shine tsakanin 8 da 24 hours. Yawan aiki shine awa 28.

Alamu don amfani:

• Type I ciwon sukari.
• Nau'in ciwon sukari na II na II: mataki na tsayayya da wakilai na maganganu na baki, juriya ga waɗannan kwayoyi (maganin haɗuwa), cututtukan da ke faruwa, ayyukan motsa jiki (maganin motsa jiki), ciki (idan maganin rage cin abinci ba shi da tasiri).

Mai masana'anta: Novo Nordisk (Denmark), Novo Nordisk

Abun ciki: 1 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya ƙunshi raka'a 40 ko 100. Abubuwan da ke aiki na miyagun ƙwayoyi shine dakatarwar zinc mai narkewa ta insulin naman sa mai tsabta sosai.

Aikin magunguna: Dakatar da sinadarin zinc na yin amfani da insulin da naman sa dadewa. Farkon aikin shine 4 hours. Matsakaicin sakamako shine awanni 10-30. Tsawon lokacin aikin shine awoyi 36.

Alamu don amfani: Mellitus-insulin-dogara da ciwon sukari mellitus: mataki na juriya (juriya) ga bakin hypoglycemic jamiái, m jure wadannan kwayoyi (hade far), intercurrent (rikita hanya na ciwon sukari mellitus) cututtuka, aiki (monotherapy ko hade far), ciki (idan rage cin abinci magani ba shi da tasiri )
(karin ...)

Suna: Mikstard® 30 NM, Mixtard® 30 HM

Mai masana'anta: Novo Nordisk (Denmark), Novo Nordisk

Abun ciki: 1 ml na dakatarwa don allura ya ƙunshi - biosynthetic insulin 100 IU (insulin mai narkewa 30% da isofan-insulin dakatarwa 70%).

Aikin magunguna: Mikstard 30 NM dakatarwa ne daga inssy din ɗan adam isofan insulin na aikin biphasic.

Farawar aiki shine mintina 30 bayan gudanar da aikin ƙarƙashin ƙasa. Matsakaicin sakamako yana tasowa tsakanin sa'o'i 2 zuwa awa 8. Tsawan aikin yayi har zuwa awa 24.

Bayanan aikin insulin shine kimanin: yana dogara ne akan yawan maganin kuma yana nuna halayen mutum.

Mai masana'anta: Novo Nordisk (Denmark), Novo Nordisk

Taken: NovoMix®, NovoMix®

Suna: Insulin kamar yadda yakegarawa

Abun ciki:

• 1 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya ƙunshi:
• abu mai aiki: insulin aspart 100 UNITS (1 UNIT ya dace da 35 μg na insulin na cikin jiki),
• tsofaffi: mannitol, phenol, metacresol, zinc chloride, sodium chloride, disodium phosphate dihydrate, sulfate protamine, sodium hydroxide, acid hydrochloric, ruwa don allura.

Aikin magunguna: Hypoglycemic wakili, hade da gajere da matsakaita na insulin analogues.

Mai masana'anta: Novo Nordisk (Denmark), Novo Nordisk

Taken: Monotard® MC, Monotard® MC

Aikin magunguna: Matsakaici tsawon insulin. Bayan gudanar da aikin ƙarƙashin ƙasa, fara aiwatarwa yana faruwa, a matsakaita, bayan mintuna 120-150. Matsakaicin tsawon lokacin aiki shine 7-15 hours, matsakaicin shine 24 hours.

Alamu don amfani:

Type 1 ciwon sukari mellitus a hade tare da insulin gajere ko matsanancin insulin. Nau'in ciwon sukari na 2 wanda ke buƙatar kulawa da insulin a hade tare da wakilai na maganin hypoglycemic na baki ko azaman maganin monotherapy.

Mai masana'anta: Novo Nordisk (Denmark), Novo Nordisk

Taken: Sufurin HM®, Monotard® HM

Aikin magunguna: Insulin shine injin halittar dan adam sau biyu. Matsakaici tsawon insulin. Bayan gudanar da aikin ƙarƙashin ƙasa, fara aiwatarwa yana faruwa, a matsakaita, bayan mintuna 120-150. Matsakaicin tsawon lokacin aiki shine 7-15 hours, matsakaicin shine 24 hours.

Masana'antar insulin (Novonordisk)

Akwai nau'ikan cututtukan guda biyu, bi da bi, ciwon sukari na farko da na biyu. A cikin cututtukan sukari na nau'in farko, ingancin rayuwar mai haƙuri, kuma wani lokacin lokacinsa, kai tsaye ya dogara da tsarin kulawa na insulin cikin jiki, da inganci da tasiri na miyagun ƙwayoyi.

Ba asirce ba cewa kwayoyi masu ƙarancin inganci na iya haifar da samar da ƙwayoyin cuta a jikin mai haƙuri, wanda ke tattare da halayen rashin lafiyan da ke kara dagula yanayin kiwon lafiya da kuma ba da magani.

A nau'in na biyu na ciwon sukari, yawanci magani yana farawa tare da shawarar don rage nauyi da kuma bin wani tsayayyen abinci, yana kawar da yawan wuce haddi na carbohydrates da abinci mai mai.

Idan babu wani ci gaba a cikin kiwon lafiya, ana tsara magunguna waɗanda aikinsu ke da niyyar rage matakan sukari na jini.

Idan waɗannan matakan ba su taimaka don cimma sakamakon da ake so ba, an wajabta insulin.

Duk wannan yana nuna cewa ciwon sukari da insulin ba su da bambanci, kuma nasarar maganin ya dogara da ingancin ƙwayar, wanda, bi da bi, an ƙaddara ta alama da masana'anta.

A cikin ƙasarmu, an ba da izinin yin amfani da kwayoyi masu rajista a cikin Ma'aikatar Lafiya na Federationungiyar Rasha don kula da ciwon sukari. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, waɗannan magungunan manyan masana'antun ne.

Don haka, alal misali, ɗaya daga cikin ƙwararrun ƙwararrun magunguna waɗanda aka tsara don maganin ciwon sukari, ba tare da la'akari da nau'inta ba, har ma da wasu cututtukan da ke hade da rikice-rikice na rayuwa, kamfanin Novo Nordisk (Denmark).

Ya kamata a sani cewa Novonordisk jagora ne tsakanin masu samar da insulin. Tarihin kamfanin yana da shekaru 90: ana yin bikin ranar tunawa ne kawai a cikin shekarar 2013 na yanzu. Ayyukanta sun fara daidai tare da sakin insulin na Novonordisk, tare da taimakon wanda ya sami ceton rayukan miliyoyin marasa lafiya, yanayin don cikakken rayuwa, aiki, karatu, aure da haihuwar yara.

A cikin ƙasarmu, an san Novo Nordisk tun farkon karni na shida na karni na ƙarshe. Haka kuma, kashi sittin cikin dari na masu fama da cutar sankara a kasarmu wadanda ke bukatar allura suna amfani da magunguna na wannan samfurin, wanda ya bambanta ta hanyar inganci da dogaro, don magani.

Bugu da kari, kamfanin Novo Nordisk an san shi a matsayin cibiyar bincike, inda kungiyar kwararrun masana kimiyya ke aiki. A nan ne aka fara samar da insulin na mutum, kuma alkalami, wadanda alkalai, wadanda suka yaba da marassa lafiyar cututtukan mellitus, suma sun inganta.

Wani sanannen sananniyar masana'anta na insulin shine kamfanin Hoechst (Hoechst AG), wanda ke cikin Jamus kuma yana haɓaka ci gaban sinadarai. Ofaya daga cikin wuraren da yake aiki shine samar da magunguna, ciki har da maganin cutar sukari, wanda ya haifar da damar rarrabe wata ƙungiya mai suna Aventis Pharma a zaman wani ɓangare na kamfanin Hoechst.

Zuwa yau, shirye-shirye daga kamfanin Aventis Pharma an san su a duk duniya. Daruruwan dubban marasa lafiya suna amfani da su yau da kullun, ciki har da a ƙasarmu.

Saboda wannan ne dalilin da ya sa manajan kamfanin ya yanke shawarar bude reshen samar da kayayyakin nasa a cikin kasarmu kuma ya fara samar da insulin na mutum a Rasha.

Zuwa yau, kamfanin, wanda ake kira Sanofi-Aventis Vostok, ya samu nasarar gudanar da aiki tare da samar da magunguna a cikin manyan kayayyakin katsalandan don gudanar da mulki mai zuwa.

A lokaci guda, ingancin magungunan da aka samar a Rasha ba ya bambanta da ingancin magunguna iri ɗaya, amma an yi shi a ƙasashen waje, wanda aka tabbatar da takaddun takaddun da Ma'aikatar Lafiya ta Federationasar Rasha ta fitar.

Wani kamfanin samar da insulin da aka sani sosai a kasarmu shine kamfanin Eli Lilly (Amurka), wanda ake kira "giant Pharmaceutical."

A ƙarƙashin wannan alama, ana samar da kwayoyi tare da durations daban-daban na aiki, kazalika da nau'ikan daban-daban.

Musamman, maganin, wanda aka fi sani da Humulin-N, insulin da aka kirkira na ɗan adam wanda yake cikakkiyar daidaituwa da ƙwayar hormone wanda mutum ke lafiya.

Kamfanin ya kuma samar da insulins na gajere da gwaji, da kwayoyi na tsawon lokaci.

Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin kasuwar ƙasarmu mutum zai iya samun shirye-shiryen samfurin Eli Lilly, amma an yi shi a Switzerland. Ingancin su koyaushe ana ɗauka ɗayan mafi girma.

Daga cikin sanannun masu samar da insulin din akwai kuma kamfanin kasar Brazil Biobras S / A, kamfanin harhada magunguna daga Indiya Torrent da kuma kamfanin kasar Rasha Bryntsalov A, sanannu sanannu ga masu ciwon sukari a kasarmu. Ya rage don ƙara da cewa kowane magunguna don masu ciwon sukari da aka sayar a cikin magunguna na Rasha an wajabta su kuma an cika su da manufar su.

Tresiba: insulin mafi dadewa

Don shekaru 1.5 tare da ciwon sukari, na koyi cewa akwai yawancin insulins. Amma tsakanin tsayi ko, kamar yadda ake kiran su daidai, basal, ba lallai ne mutum ya zaɓi musamman: Levemir (daga NovoNordisk) ko Lantus (daga Sanofi).

Amma kwanan nan, lokacin da nake cikin "asalin 'asibiti", endocrinologists ya gaya mani game da sabon abu mai banmamaki na masu ciwon sukari - insulin na Tresiba wanda ya dade yana aiki daga NovoNordisk, wanda kwanan nan ya bayyana a Rasha kuma tuni yana nuna babban alƙawarin.

Na ji ba ni da cancanta, tunda zuwan sabon magani gaba daya ya wuce ni. Likitoci sun bada tabbacin cewa wannan insulin din na iya lalata koda sukari mafi “tawaye” da kuma rage girman kogunan ta hanyar juya jigon akan mai lura da abin da zai iya sanyawa zuwa wani layin da ya dace.

Tabbas, nan da nan na yi sauri don nazarin batun ta amfani da Google da likitocin da na sani. Don haka wannan labarin ya kasance game da super dogon basal insulin Treshiba.

Fewan shekarun da suka gabata an yi alama ta tseren magunguna don haɓaka tsawan dogon, a shirye don matsi a kan hanyar da ba ta dace da jagorancin mafi kyawun mai siye daga Sanofi ba. Ka yi tunanin hakan tsawon shekaru goma Lantus ya kasance lamba ta farko cikin nau'in insulin na basal.

Sauran 'yan wasan da ke filin ba a basu izini ba kawai saboda kariyar mallakar magunguna. An ƙaddamar da ranar ƙaddamar da mallaka ta farko don 2015, amma Sanofi ya sami ƙaddamarwa har zuwa ƙarshen 2016 ta hanyar kammala yarjejeniyar haɗin gwiwa tare da Eli Lilly don haƙƙin keɓancewa wanda ke da damar, analog ɗin mai rahusa na Lantus.

Sauran kamfanoni suna kirga ranakun har sai lamban kira zasu rasa ikon fara sarrafa kayan masarufi. Masana sun ce nan gaba kadan, kasuwar dogon insulin zata canza sosai. Sabbin kwayoyi da masana'antun za su bayyana, kuma marasa lafiya za su iya magance wannan. A wannan batun, fitar Tresiba ya faru a kan kari.

Kuma yanzu za a yi yaƙi na gaske tsakanin Lantus da Tresiba, musamman idan aka yi la’akari da cewa sabon samfurin zai ci sau da yawa.

Treshiba mai aiki shine bastard. Ana samun babban aikin da ake amfani dashi na miyagun ƙwayoyi sakamakon hexadecandioic acid, wanda shine sashinta, wanda ke ba da damar samar da tsayayyen Multihexamers.

Suna tasowa a cikin ƙananan ɓangaren da ake kira abin da ake kira insulin cikas, da kuma sakin insulin cikin yaduwar tsarin yana faruwa a daidaitaccen hanzari, ba tare da faɗakarwa ba, yanayin halayyar sauran ƙananan basal. Don yin bayanin wannan hadadden tsarin samar da magunguna ga mabukaci na yau (watau, a gare mu), masana'antun suna amfani da kwatankwacin kamanceceniya.

A kan gidan yanar gizon hukuma zaka iya ganin shigarwa mai ƙarancin lu'u-lu'u, inda kowane katako mai yawa ne, hexamer, wanda bayan ɗaya, tare da lokaci daidai yake da haɗin ginin. Aikin Treshiba, yana sakin daidaitattun "rabo-beads" na insulin daga wurin ajiyar kaya, yayi kama da hanya ɗaya, yana ba da madaidaiciyar gudummawar magunguna zuwa cikin jini.

Wannan inji shine ya ba da ƙasa ga masoya Treshiba masu kishin ƙasa don kwatanta shi da famfo ko ma tare da insulin mai kaifin basira. Tabbas, irin waɗannan maganganun ba su wuce kima ba.

Tresiba ya fara aiki bayan minti 30-90 da yana aiki har zuwa awanni 42. Duk da tsananin kwatankwacin lokacin aikin da akayi, a aikace yakamata ayi amfani da Treshib Sau ɗaya a rana, kamar sanannen Lantus.

Da yawa daga cikin marassa lafiya suna tambaya inda karfin aikin insulin ya wuce bayan sa'o'i 24, shin maganin yana barin "wutsiyoyinsa" da kuma yadda hakan zai shafi yanayin gaba daya. Ba a samun irin waɗannan maganganun a cikin kayan aikin hukuma akan Tresib ba.

Amma likitoci sun yi bayanin cewa, a matsayinka na mai mulki, marasa lafiya suna da hankali sosai ga Tresib idan aka kwatanta da Lantus, don haka yawan maganin da ke kansa yana raguwa sosai.

Tare da sashi mai dacewa, maganin yana aiki sosai kuma ana iya faɗi, saboda haka babu buƙatar magana game da kowane lissafi na "wutsiyoyi".

Babban fasalin Treshiba cikakke ne lebur, lebur aikin bayanin martaba. Yana aiki don haka "ingantaccen kankare" wanda kusan ba a barin ɗakin motsawa.

A cikin harshen magani, ana kiran wannan bambancin sabani a cikin aikin magani canji.

Don haka a yayin gwaji na asibiti an gano cewa bambancin Treshiba ya ninka sau 4 fiye da na Lantus.

Halin daidaituwa a cikin kwanaki 3-4

A farkon amfani da Treciba, wajibi ne a zabi sashi na fili. Wannan na iya ɗaukar ɗan lokaci. Tare da madaidaitan kashi, bayan kwanaki 3-4 ana samar da insulin “shafi” ko daidaitawa ("Steady jihar"), wanda ke ba da wata 'yanci dangane da lokacin gabatarwar Treshiba. Maƙerin ya ba da tabbacin cewa ana iya gudanar da magunguna a lokuta daban-daban na rana, kuma wannan ba zai tasiri tasiri da yanayin aikinsa ba. Koyaya, likitoci sun bada shawarar bin tsarin da ya dace da kuma kula da maganin a lokaci guda don kar a rikice cikin rikice-rikicen inshora ba wai su lalata “yanayin daidaita” ba.

Tresiba ko Lantus?

Koyo game da abubuwan al'ajabi na Treshiba, nan da nan na farmaki masanin ilimin kimiyar halittu wanda na saba da tambayoyi. Ina sha'awar babban abu: idan miyagun ƙwayoyi suna da kyau sosai, me yasa ba kowa ya canza shi ba? Kuma idan za a yi magana da gaskiya, wanene gaba ɗaya yana buƙatar Levemir? Amma duk abin da, shi dai itace, ba mai sauki bane.

Ba abin mamaki ba sai sun ce kowa yana da nasu ciwon suga. A cikin mafi girman ma'anar kalmar. Kowane abu daya ne da kowa har ya zuwa babu cikakkun hanyoyin da aka shirya. Babban mahimmancin kimantawa game da tasiri na "insulin shafi" shine rama. Ga wasu yara, allura guda ɗaya na Levemir kowace rana ya isa don biyan diyya mai kyau (eh! Akwai wasu).

Waɗanda ba su jimre wa Levemire na biyu ba galibi suna gamsuwa da Lantus. Kuma wani akan Lantus yana jin daɗin girma daga shekara ɗaya.

Gabaɗaya, shawarar yanke wannan ko wancan insulin ne ta hanyar halartar mahaɗan, wanda ke nazarin bukatun ku da halaye tare da ainihin manufar cimma burin sukari mai kyau.

Rikicin insulin tsakanin Sanofi da Novo Nordisk. Tsarin nesa

Babban abokin takara na Treshiba shine, shine kuma zai kasance Lantus. Hakanan yana buƙatar gudanarwa guda ɗaya kuma an san shi saboda dorewarsa mai ɗorewa. Nazarin asibiti mai kwantar da hankali tsakanin Lantus da Tresiba sun nuna cewa duka magunguna biyu suna jure daidai tare da aikin glycemic control. Koyaya, an gano manyan bambance-bambance guda biyu. Da fari dai sashi insulin akan Tresib garanti rage by 20-30%. Wannan shine, a nan gaba, ana tsammanin wasu fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi, amma a farashin yanzu na sabon insulin, wannan ba lallai bane. Abu na biyu yawan cututtukan cututtukan jini na jini na cikin ƙasa ya ragu da 30%. Wannan sakamakon ya zama babban amfanin cinikin Treshiba. Labarin abubuwan hana sukari da daddare alamu ne na kowane mai ciwon sukari, musamman idan babu tsarin ci gaba da sa ido. Saboda haka, alƙawarin tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali mai bacci yana da ban sha'awa kwarai da gaske.

Ana sayar da Tresiba a cikin almarar sirinji tare da ƙarfin kicin na 300 E. Fitar Alkalami 5 za kudin kimanin 8 000 r. Wato, farashin kowane alkalami yana game da 1600 p. Lantus Sai dai itace sau 2 mai rahusa. Its irin shirya marufi game da 3500 r

Baya ga ingantaccen tasiri, duk wani sabon magani yana da tsayayye don gina kwararrun masu sana'a dangane da gabatarwarsa cikin al'adar yaduwa.

Bayanai kan kwarewar amfani da Treshiba a wasu ƙasashe dole ne a tattara kaɗan kaɗan: likitoci bisa al'ada sun yi maganin magungunan da ba a yi nazari ba kuma basu cikin hanzari don sanya su ga masu haƙuri.
A cikin Jamus, alal misali, nuna ƙiyayya ga Tresib ya haifar.

Kungiyar mai zaman kanta daJamusanciCibiyardonIngancidaInganciaLafiyaKulawa (Cibiyar Kula da inganci da Ingantacciyar Kiwon Lafiya ta Jamhuriyar Jamus) ta gudanar da nata binciken, idan aka kwatanta aikin Tresiba tare da masu fafatawarta, har ya kai ga cewa sabuwar insulin din ba za ta iya yin alfahari da duk wata fa'ida mai amfani («a'akaradarajar») A saukake, me yasa za a biya sau da yawa don magani wanda ba shi da kyau sosai fiye da tsohon Lantus ɗin? Amma wannan ba duka bane. Hakanan masana na Jamus sun gano sakamako masu illa daga amfani da magani, duk da haka, kawai a cikin 'yan mata. Sun bayyana a cikin 15 cikin 'yan mata 100 da ke ɗaukar Treshiba na makonni 52. Tare da wasu kwayoyi, haɗarin rikitarwa ya kasance sau 5 ƙasa.

Gabaɗaya, a rayuwarmu masu ciwon sukari, batun canza basulin insulin ya inganta. Yayin da yaro ya girma kuma yana da ciwon sukari tare da Levemir, dangantakarmu a hankali sai ta lalace. Sabili da haka, yanzu fatanmu yana da alaƙa da Lantus ko Tresiba. Ina tsammanin zamu ci gaba a hankali: zamu fara da tsofaffi masu kyau, kuma zamu gani a can. Zan sa kowa ya zama mai sha'awar hanya. Ku kuma kasance cikin karfi tare da ku a ci gaba na kimiyya! Rarrabe mu don sauyawarmu zuwa Tresiba labarin.

Insulin aiki mai tsawo

Mai kera: Eli Lilly Suna: Insulin-glargine Magungunan Magunguna: insulins masu aiki na dogon lokaci. Tsawan lokacin aikin insulin shine awa 24. Alamomi don amfani: Nau'in mellitus na 1 na haɗu da haɗu tare da insulins na gajere a cikin marasa lafiyar manya da yara fiye da shekaru 6, ciwon sukari mellitus ...
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Suna: Degludek Tsarin magunguna: Magungunan aikin insulin matsanancin aiki ne. Misali ne na insulin na mutum.Manufacturer - Novo Nordisk, Novo Nordisk (Denmark) Abin da Degludek ke ɗauka shine yana ƙara yawan amfani da glucose ta hanyar mai da ƙwayoyin tsoka na kyallen takarda, bayan insulin ta da ...
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Suna: Insulin-isofan kera - Sanofi-Aventis (Faransa) Abun ciki: 1 ml na tsaka tsaki don allura ta Insuman Bazal ya ƙunshi insulin mutum (100% na proulinine na crystalline) 40 ko 100 IU, a cikin kwalabe na 10 ko 5 ml, bi da bi, a cikin kwali 5 inji mai kwakwalwa. Harkokin magunguna ...
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Suna: Insulin glargine Manufacturer - Sanofi-Aventis (Faransa) Abun haɗuwa: 1 ml na bayani ya ƙunshi: Abubuwan da ke aiki: insulin glargine - 3.6378 mg, wanda yayi daidai da 100 ME na insulin ɗan adam. Fitattun abubuwa: m-cresol, zinc chloride, glycerol (85%), sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, ruwa don allura. Harkokin magunguna ...
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Suna: Insulin detemir Mai kera: Novo-Nordisk (Denmark) Abun ciki: 1 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya ƙunshi: abu mai aiki: insulin detemir - 100 PIECES, mahaɗan: mannitol, phenol, metacresol, zinc acetate, sodium chloride, disodium phosphate dihydrate, sodium hydroxide , hydrochloric acid, ruwa don allura. Aikin magunguna: ...
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Suna: Protaphane® HM Manufacturer - Novo-Nordisk (Denmark) Tsarin: 1 ml na dakatarwa don allura ya ƙunshi inssy na ɗan adam 100 IU. Aikin Magunguna: Shirye-shiryen insulin-lokaci. Yana rage tarowar glucose a cikin jini, yana kara yawanshi ta hanyar kyallen takarda, yana inganta lipogenesis da glycogenogenesis, kira ...
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Maƙeran - Eli-Lilly (Amurka) Abun ciki: Sterile dakatar da 30% amorphous da 70% crystalline ɗan adam, dakatarwar zinc, pH = 6.9-7.5 Aikin Magunguna: Inulin (mutum) (Insulin (ɗan adam). dogon insulin aiki Bayan s / c gwamnatin ta fara aiki bayan sa'o'i 4, tana da sakamako mafi girma yana ...
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Mai masana'anta - Novo-Nordisk (Denmark) Tsarin: 1 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya ƙunshi raka'a 40 ko 100. Abubuwan da ke aiki da miyagun ƙwayoyi shine dakatarwar zinc mai narkewa na insulin naman sa na insulin. Aikin Magunguna: Insulins na tsawan tsayi. Farkon aikin shine 4 hours. Matsakaicin sakamako shine awanni 10-30. Lokaci ...
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Mai masana'anta: Novo-Nordisk (Denmark) Abun ciki: 1 ml na dakatarwa don allura ya ƙunshi ƙwayar ɗan adam na zinc-insulin crystalline 40 ko 100 IU, a cikin kwafin 10 ml. Aikin Magunguna: Ultratard HM shiri ne na insulin aiki. An fara aikin 4 hours bayan subcutaneous management…
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Mai samarwa - Indar ZAO (Ukraine) Sinadaran: insulin alade. Dakatar da insulin insulin - kashi 70% na zinc-insulin da insulin na amorphous 30%. Tsarin magunguna: insulin aiki mai tsawo. An fara aikin ne bayan sa'o'i 1-1.5. Farawar sakamako mafi girma bayan sa'o'i 5-7. Tsawon lokacin aikin shine kusan 24 ...
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Suna: Dakatar da sinadarin zinc. Mai masana'anta - Tarkhominsky Shuka Shuka Polfa (Poland) Abinda Aka Haɗa: Shirya ƙwayoyin insulin na tsawon lokaci mai ɗaukar nauyi na chromatographically. Kwalban 1 tare da dakatarwa 10 ml ya ƙunshi raka'a insulin 400 ko 800. Aikin Magunguna: Dogon insulin kwalliyar tayi aiki sosai. Farkon aikin ...
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Mai masana'anta - Tarkhominsky Shuka Shuka Polfa (Poland) Abinda Aka Haɗa: Shirya ƙwayoyin insulin na tsawon lokaci mai ɗaukar nauyi na chromatographically. Kwalban 1 tare da dakatarwa 10 ml ya ƙunshi raka'a insulin 400 ko 800. Tsarin magunguna: insulin aiki mai tsawo. Aikin farawa shine 1.5-3 awanni, matsakaicin awanni 12-17, tsawan 24-30 ...
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Mai masana'anta - Novo-Nordisk (Denmark) Tsarin: 1 ml na miyagun ƙwayoyi ya ƙunshi raka'a 40 ko 100. Abubuwan da ke aiki na miyagun ƙwayoyi shine dakatarwar zinc mai narkewa ta insulin naman sa mai tsabta sosai. Aikin Magunguna: Dakatar da sinadarin zinc na yin amfani da dogon aikin insulin na naman sa. Farkon aikin shine 4 hours. Matsakaicin sakamako shine awanni 10-30….
KYAUTATA

Yi rikodin kewayawa

Tasirin NM quite mashahuri a lura da ciwon sukari. Yana da kaddarorin hypoglycemic mai ƙarfi kuma ya dace don lura da nau'in 1 da ciwon sukari na 2.

An yi amfani da wannan insulin a magani kuma ana ɗaukar shi aiki. An matsa shi ta hanyar ƙarin analogues na zamani. Amma Actrapid NM har yanzu yana dacewa kuma yana riƙe da matsayinsa.

Kamfanin da ya kirkireshi shine kamfanin Danish Novo Nordisk A / S.

Apidra shi ne samarwa na kamfanin kasar Sanofi-Aventis. Sunan kasa da kasa shine insulin glulisin. Glulisin insulin shine babban sinadari mai aiki a cikin Apidra. Wannan insulin yana da kusanci sosai a cikin kaddarorin da abun da ke ciki ga ɗan adam na halitta. Magungunan sun tabbatar da kanta a cikin lura da ciwon sukari a cikin manya da yara sama da shekaru 6.

Kamfanin Rasha OJSC Pharmstandard yana samar da wannan insulin a cikin hanyar samar da mafita don allura.

Biosulin P insulin ɗan adam ne mai ɗan gajeren lokaci, wanda aka samo ta hanyar amfani da fasahar DNA.

Yana bayarwa raguwa glucose a cikin jini, yana kara jigilar jijiyoyin jikinsa, da rage yawan samarda glucose ta hanta, da inganta shanyewar glucose ta kyallen, yana karfafa lipogenesis.

Insulin Lantus (Lantus) shine sabon ƙarni na insulin. A takaice dai, a takaice, ya riga ya sami kaunar masu ciwon sukari. Yana samarwa ne daga kamfanin kasar Sanofi-Aventis. Kyakkyawan magani don lura da ciwon sukari na 1 kuma, a wasu yanayi, nau'in ciwon sukari na 2.

Insulin levemir Lallai insulin aiki ne mai dorewa, yana tsawan tsawon awanni 12 zuwa 12. Wanda ya kirkiro insulin, kamfanin Novo Nordics, ya bada sanarwar yau da kullun, kusan babu wani aiki da ya yi. A aikace, duk ya dogara ne da yanayin jikin mutum.

Tare da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2, yanayin da ake so na iya kasancewa har zuwa rana, kuma tare da allura ta 1, kuna buƙatar yin shi sau biyu a rana.

Wannan insulin din yana da duka da yawa ab advantagesbuwan amfãni.

NovoRapid Flexpen masana'antar Danish ne Novo Nordisk A / S. Wannan magani ne na zamani a cikin lura da nau'in 1 da nau'in ciwon sukari na 2. Ga marasa lafiya da nau'in ciwon sukari na biyu, an wajabta shi lokacin da allunan rage sukari ba su da tasirin da ya dace.

Protafan NM masana'antar Danish ne Novo Nordisk A / S. Wannan wani abu ne wanda yake karancin kwayoyin halitta isofan-insulin na tsawon lokacin matsakaici. An yi amfani da shi na dogon lokaci don maganin ciwon sukari. Ana iya kiran Protafan NM wani ci gaban da ya gabata. Amma sun ci gaba da magani, kuma ya shahara sosai tsakanin masu ciwon sukari.

Humalogue shi ne kwatancen insulin na mutum. Ana amfani da magani don gyara matakan glucose na jini. Abunda yake aiki shine insulin lispro. Akwai shi a cikin katako, girma 3 ml. Wasu daga cikin masana'antun suna samar da kwayar cutar a cikin nau'ikan alkalami da aka yi da su. Daga analogues, ana iya bambanta Humalog Mix 25 da 50.

Humulin NPH Ya kasance shahararren magani a cikin maganin cutar sankarar fata na dogon lokaci. Ba zai yiwu a danganta shi da cigaban zamani ba.

Amma saboda ingancinsa, yana ci gaba da jin daɗin manyan mashahuri. Kasashe daban-daban suna samar da maganin: India, Faransa, Rasha tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da Faransa.

Babban mai samarwa shine kamfanin Faransa Eli Lilly.

Tsarin Humulin samfuri ne na kamfanin Faransa "Eli Lilly". Wannan magani ya dade yana tabbatar da cewa yana da kyau a bangaren kula da ciwon suga. An wajabta wannan insulin don nau'in 1 na sukari mellitus na sukari na type 2, lokacin da abincin da ya dace da magunguna ba su da tasiri. Humulin Regular shine insulin gajere.

Rashin insulin na cikin gida na Rasha: iri

A yanzu haka a Rasha akwai mutane kusan miliyan 10 da ke kamuwa da cutar sankarau. Wannan cuta, kamar yadda kuka sani, tana da alaƙa da take hakkin samar da insulin ta hanyar ƙwayoyin ƙwayar cuta, wanda ke da alhakin metabolism a cikin jiki.

Don mara lafiya ya zauna cikakke, yana buƙatar allurar insulin akai-akai kowace rana.

A yau halin da ake ciki shine cewa sama da kashi 90 na magunguna ana yin su ne a ƙasashen waje akan kasuwar samfuran likita - wannan kuma ya shafi insulin.

A halin yanzu, a yau ƙasar tana fuskantar ɗawainiyar samar da ingantattun magunguna. Don haka, a yau duk kokarin da aka yi shine a tabbatar da cewa insulin cikin gida ya zama cancantar analog na shahararrun homon da ke duniya.

Sakin insulin na Rasha

Hukumar Kiwon Lafiya ta Duniya ta ba da shawarar cewa kasashen da ke da yawan jama’ar da suka haura miliyan 50 su tsara nasu na samar da insulin don kada masu ciwon sukari su sami matsala game da saurin hodar.

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, shugaba a cikin ci gaban magunguna game da kwayar halitta a cikin ƙasa ya kasance Geropharm.

Ita ce kaɗai, a cikin Rasha, wanda ke fitar da insulins na gida cikin nau'ikan abubuwa da magunguna. A yanzu, ana yin insalin insulin Rinsulin R-ins da matsakaici mai aiki Rinsulin NPH anan.

Koyaya, wataƙila, samarwa ba zai tsaya a can ba. Dangane da yanayin siyasa a kasar da sanya takunkumi a kan masana'antun kasashen waje, Shugaban Rasha Vladimir Putin ya ba da umarnin shiga cikakken aikin ci gaban samar da insulin da kuma gudanar da bincike na ƙungiyoyi masu gudana.

Shin insulin na Rasha zai maye gurbin magungunan kasashen waje

Dangane da ra'ayoyin masana, a yanzu haka Rasha ba ta shiga wata gasa ce ga kasuwar duniya don samar da insulin ba. Manyan kamfanonin sune manyan kamfanoni uku - Eli-Lilly, Sanofi da Novo Nordisk. Koyaya, sama da shekaru 15, insulin cikin gida zai iya maye gurbin kusan kashi 30-40 bisa ɗari na adadin hodar da ake siyarwa a cikin ƙasar.

Gaskiyar ita ce cewa ƙungiyar Rasha ta daɗe da kafa aikin samar da ƙasar ta insulin, a hankali ta maye gurbin magungunan da ƙasashen waje ke yi.

An fara samar da kwayar halittar hodar ne a zamanin Soviet, amma sai aka samar da insulin asalin dabbobi, wanda bashi da ingancin tsabta.

A cikin shekarun 90s, an yi ƙoƙari don tsara samar da insulin kayan injin cikin gida, amma ƙasar ta fuskanci matsaloli na kuɗi, kuma an dakatar da ra'ayin.

Duk waɗannan shekarun, kamfanonin Rasha sun yi ƙoƙarin samar da nau'ikan insulin, amma ana amfani da samfuran ƙasashen waje azaman abu. A yau, kungiyoyi waɗanda suke shirye don sakin cikakken samfurin gida sun fara bayyana. Ofayansu shine kamfanin Geropharm da aka bayyana a sama.

• An shirya cewa bayan gina wata shuka a yankin na Moscow, kasar za ta samar da nau'ikan magunguna na zamani don masu ciwon sukari, wadanda a cikin inganci zasu iya yin gasa tare da fasahar Yammacin Turai. Modernarfin zamani na sabon da ya kasance na tsire-tsire zai ba da damar samar da kilogram 650 na kayan cikin shekara guda.
• Za a ƙaddamar da sabon samarwa a cikin 2017. A wannan yanayin, farashin insulin zai zama ƙasa da takwarorinta na ƙasashen waje. Irin wannan shirin zai magance matsaloli da yawa a fagen ilimin halin diabetology na kasar nan, gami da na kudi.
• Da farko dai, masana'antun za su shiga cikin samar da ultrashort na hormone da kuma dadewa. A cikin shekaru hudu, za a fitar da cikakken layin dukkan mukamai guda hudu. Za'a samar da insulin a cikin kwalabe, katako, za a iya zubar da alkawuran sirinji mai amfani.

Ko wannan da gaske za a san shi ne bayan an ƙaddamar da tsari kuma an fara nazarin sabbin magunguna.

Wane irin inganci homon na samarwa na gida yake da shi?

Mafi dacewa da rashin sakamako masu illa ga masu ciwon sukari ana ɗauka su zama insulin da aka yiwa ɗabi'a, wanda ya dace da ingancin kimiyyar lissafi zuwa asalin hormone.

Don gwada tasiri da ingancin insulin gajeren aiki Rinsulin R da matsakaiciyar insulin Rinsulin NPH, an gudanar da binciken kimiyya wanda ya nuna kyakkyawan sakamako na rushewar glucose na jini a cikin marasa lafiya da rashin halayen rashin lafiyan lokacin magani na dogon lokaci tare da magungunan da aka yi da Rasha.

Bugu da ƙari, ana iya lura da cewa zai zama da amfani ga marasa lafiya su san yadda ake samun famfon na insulin kyauta, a yau wannan bayanin yana da matukar muhimmanci.

Binciken ya ƙunshi masu ciwon sukari 25 masu shekaru 25-58, waɗanda aka gano tare da nau'in 1 na ciwon sukari. A cikin marasa lafiya 21, an lura da mummunan nau'in cutar. Kowannensu yana karɓar ƙwayar insulin na Rashanci da na kasashen waje.

1. Adadin glycemia da glycated haemoglobin a cikin jinin marasa lafiya lokacin amfani da analog na cikin gida ya kasance daidai da matsayin lokacin amfani da hormone na samar da kasashen waje.
2. Har ila yau, taro na rigakafin ma bai canza ba.
3. Musamman, ketoacidosis, amsawar rashin lafiyan, tashin hankali na hypoglycemia ba a lura ba.
4. Yawan maganin yau da kullun yayin lura ana gudanar dasu a cikin girman daidai lokacin da aka saba.

Bugu da ƙari, an gudanar da wani bincike don kimanta tasirin rage ƙarfin glucose na jini ta amfani da magungunan Rinsulin R da Rinsulin NPH. Babu wasu bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci lokacin amfani da insulin na samarwa na gida da na kasashen waje.

Don haka, masana kimiyya suka yanke shawara cewa za a iya canza masu ciwon sukari zuwa sabon nau'in insulin ba tare da wani sakamako ba. A wannan yanayin, ana kiyaye sashi da yanayin gudanarwar hormone.

Amfani da Rinsulin NPH

Wannan hormone yana da matsakaicin tsawon lokacin aiki. Yana cikin hanzari ya shiga cikin jini, kuma rashi ya dogara da sashi, hanyar da yankin gudanarwar hormone. Bayan an sha maganin, sai ya fara aikinsa cikin awa daya da rabi.

Ana lura da mafi girman sakamako tsakanin 4 zuwa 12 sa'o'i bayan ya shiga jiki. Tsawon lokacin bayyanar jikin mutum shine awowi 24. Dakatarwar da fari, ruwan da kanta ba ta da launi.

An wajabta magungunan don ciwon sukari na mellitus na farko da na biyu, an kuma ba da shawarar ga mata masu cutar yayin daukar ciki.

Contraindications sun haɗa da:

• Musamman rashin yarda da miyagun ƙwayoyi zuwa kowane ɓangaren da ke cikin insulin,
• Kasancewar hypoglycemia.

Tunda hormone ba zai iya shiga katangar mahaifa ba, babu hani game da amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi yayin daukar ciki.

Yayin shayar da nono, ana kuma ba shi damar amfani da hormone, kodayake, bayan haihuwa ta zama dole don saka idanu kan matakin glucose a cikin jini kuma, idan ya cancanta, rage yawan sashi.

Ana sarrafa insulin a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. An tsara sashi ne ta likita, dangane da takamaiman yanayin cutar. Matsakaicin kullun shine 0.5-1 IU a kilo kilogram na nauyi.

Za'a iya amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi duka daban-daban kuma tare da haɗin gwiwa tare da hormone na Rinsulin R na gajeriyar aiki.

Kafin ka shiga insulin, kana buƙatar mirgine katun aƙalla sau goma tsakanin tafin hannu, saboda yawan taro ya zama ɗaya. Idan kumfa ya kafa, ba zai yiwu a ɗan lokaci yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi ba, saboda wannan na iya haifar da sashin da ba daidai ba. Hakanan, baza ku iya amfani da hormone ba idan ya ƙunshi barbashi na ƙasa da flakes da ke manne da bangon.

An ba da izinin shirya buɗewa a zazzabi na 15-25 zuwa kwanaki 28 daga ranar da aka buɗe. Yana da mahimmanci cewa insulin yana nesa da hasken rana da zafin rana.

Tare da yawan yawan zubar da ruwa, ƙwanƙwasa jini na iya haɓaka. Idan raguwar glucose a cikin jini ya kasance mai sauƙi, za a iya kawar da wani abu da ba a so ba ta hanyar shigar da abinci mai daɗi wanda ya ƙunshi adadin carbohydrates. Idan batun hypoglycemia mai tsanani ne, ana gudanar da maganin glucose na 40% ga mai haƙuri.

Insulin na jiki da allura

A cikin ilimin ɗan adam na mutum, hanta yana tara glucose yayin abinci, lokacin da ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ta fitar da insulin don hana hauhawar hyperglycemia. A cikin martani ga glucagon, ana sakin kantinan glucose a jikin mutum don hana hypoglycemia. Ba za a iya yin amfani da waɗannan ƙwararrun ƙwayar hanta ta yin amfani da insulin ba, tunda kusan duk wannan insulin ɗin yana sha da ƙwayar tsoka da mai kuma baya isa hanta.

Tsokoki ba su da masu karɓar glucagon, saboda haka glucagon da ke cikin ciki ya kamata ya tayar da hanta kai tsaye don sakin glucose don magance hypoglycemia.

Ba tare da yin tsari da matakin glucose a cikin hanta ba, yana da matukar wahala a iya sarrafa matakin glucose a cikin jini. Magunguna masu sauri da tsawan lokaci suna taimakawa. Injinan insulin da tsarin sa ido suna saukaka sa ido. Koyaya, saka idanu kan ainihin aikin hanta yayi alƙawarin bayar da kyakkyawan sakamako ga mutanen da ke ɗauke da ciwon sukari 1.

Amfani da Rinsulin P

Wannan magani yana aiki insulin-gajere. A bayyanar, yayi kama da Rinsulin NPH. Ana iya gudanar da shi ta hanyar jujjuyawar, har ma da intramuscularly da kuma cikin jijiya a karkashin tsananin kulawa na likita. Hakanan ana buƙatar yarda da likita tare da likita.

Bayan hormone ya shiga jiki, aikinsa zai fara a cikin rabin awa. Ana ganin ingantaccen aiki a cikin kwanakin 1-3. Tsawon lokacin bayyanar jikin mutum 8 hours.

Ana gudanar da insulin rabin sa'a kafin cin abinci ko abun ciye ciye mai haske tare da wani adadin carbohydrates. Idan ana amfani da magani guda ɗaya kawai don ciwon sukari, ana gudanar da Rinsulin P sau uku a rana, idan ya cancanta, ana iya ƙara yawan zuwa sau shida a rana.

An wajabta magungunan don ciwon sukari na farkon na biyu da na biyu, a lokacin daukar ciki, da kuma lalata tsarin metabolism a matsayin matakan gaggawa. Contraindications sun haɗa da rashin haƙuri na mutum ga ƙwayoyi, kazalika da kasancewar cututtukan jini.

Lokacin amfani da insulin, amsawar rashin lafiyar, fatar fata, kumburi na iya faruwa, kuma da wuya - girgiza anaphylactic.

Menene fasaha na Diasome yake yi?

Diarin Diasome nanotechnology yana haifar da haɗin gwiwa mai ƙarfi tare da kwayoyin insulin waɗanda ke hana ɗaukar insulin ta tsokoki da mai da kuma ba da izinin wannan insulin don shiga hanta, inda zai iya kula da aiki na yau da kullun.

Wadannan ɗaurin haɗin gwiwa ba sa rage yawan aikin insulin kuma baya rage tsawon lokacin aiki. A zahiri, binciken farko ya nuna cewa ƙarin insulin shiga hanta yana haɓaka tasirin farko kuma yana rage lokaci a cikin kewayon.

Kamfanin ya haɓaka nanotechnology - abu ne, a matsayin ƙari ga insulin, wanda yayi kama da ƙaramin ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ciki wanda aka yiwa hanta.

Nanotechnology yana da 'yanci daga nau'in insulin kuma yana iya haɓaka aminci da tasiri ga kowane nau'i. Godiya ga wannan, kowane mara lafiya zai sami damar mayar da aikin halitta na hanta a cikin sarrafa glucose. Wannan ya shafi basal da bolus insulins waɗanda aka allura tare da ɗimin sirinji ko famfo.

A cewar kamfanin, suna Diasom suna maraba da hadin gwiwa tare da masu samar da insulin kamar Novo Nordisk da Eli Lilly, domin a shigar da kayan cikin insulin a matakin samar da kayan.

Kodayake yanzu ci gaba yana cikin irin wannan tsari wanda magunguna da kuma marasa lafiya da kansu zasu iya ƙara shi ga maganin.

Binciken fasaha

Samfurin ya wuce matakin farko, yana tabbatar da inganci. Kamfanin yanzu yana daukar mahalarta ɓangarori na 2. V. Blair Gekho, MD, babban jami'in binciken a Diasome, ya bayyana cewa yanzu binciken yana da nasaba da ƙarin jagorar magunguna. Wannan dabarar ta samo asali ne daga bayanan asibiti da aka bincika kwanan nan daga mataki na 2 da kuma 2b.

Mataki na biyu zai sa ya yiwu a haɓaka rabo daga ƙwayar insulin basal-bolus ta amfani da sabon fasaha. Hakanan kamfanin zai kimanta tasirin ƙarin akan inganta alamomin sarrafa ciwon sukari, gami da matakan hawan jini, hawan jini, da kuma buƙatar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta ta basus da basal. Binciken ya ƙunshi tsofaffi marasa lafiya da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1, wanda matakan farko na GH suna tsakanin 6.5% da 8.5. % Diasome ya yi niyyar yin rajistar kusan mahalarta sittin waɗanda za su yi gwajin na watanni uku na daidaitaccen magani, sannan kuma wata uku tare da insulin tare da wasu allurai na insulin na tsawon lokaci.

Douglas Machmore, MD, darektan fasaha na Diasome, ya ce: "A matsayin mafi girman ci gaban insulin da ya shafi hanta, zamu ci gaba da karatuttukan inda insulin ke samu bayan allura saboda mahimmancin ayyukan hanta a tsarin karuwar carbohydrate" .

Diasome yana shirin fara gwaji na 3 a farkon 2020 kuma, idan an amince da shi, yana fatan cewa nan da 2022 mai kara zai bayyana a kasuwa.

Menene sauran masana'antun ke da su?

Rashin kwanciyar hankali ba ɗaya bane. Misali, Eli Lilly yayi kokarin haɓaka samfurori tare da ƙarancin sha a cikin tsopose nama da tsoka. Eli Lilly yayi watsi da ƙoƙarin su na inganta sabon insulin lokacin da gwaji na asibiti ya nuna mummunan guba ga hanta da enzymes.

Hanyar Diasome ba ta canza ainihin tsarin insulin ba. Madadin haka, suna ƙoƙarin ƙarfafa haɗin gwiwa tsakanin kwayoyin insulin na tushen caji. Wannan hanyar da ba ta da sinadarai ba ta sami damar samo samfurin ba tare da matsalolin haɗarin cutar hanta ba.