Gabapentin - umarnin don amfani da sake dubawa

Bayanin da ya dace da 04.02.2015

• Sunan Latin: Gabapentin
• Lambar ATX: N03AX12
• Aiki mai aiki: Gabapentin
• Mai masana'anta: PIK-PHARMA, Canonfarm Production CJSC (Russia), Aurobindo Pharma (Indiya), Erregierre S.p.A. (Italiya)

A cikin kabli 1 gabaheadin 300 MG

Foshin hydrogen fos, sitaci dankalin turawa, macrogol, magnesium stearate - azaman magabata.

Alamu don amfani

• monotherapy mai da hankali ga tashin hankali a fargaba a cikin manya da yara daga shekaru 12,
• ƙarin magani mai da hankali ga tashin hankali tare da kwayar cuta a cikin manya,
• ƙarin magani resistant waraka a cikin yara daga shekaru 3,
• migraine,
• zafin jijiya (neuralgia postherpetic, ciwon sukari, trigeminal, HIV-related, giya, tare da kashin baya),
• raguwa a cikin yawan tasirin yayin menopause.

Contraindications

• kaifi maganin ciwon huhu,
• rashin ƙarfi ga miyagun ƙwayoyi,
• Galactose rashin haƙuri ko malabsorption na glucose da galactose,
• shekaru har zuwa shekaru 3 tare da mai da hankali na amai,
• shekaru har zuwa shekaru 12 tare da postherpetic neuralgia,
• ciki.

Side effects

• karuwa BOKA, samarin,
• dyspepsia, tashin zuciya, zafin ciki, busasshiyar baki, anorexia, maƙarƙashiya ko zawo, maganin ciwon huhu, rashin tsoro, gingivitis,
• myalgiaciwon baya
• nutsuwa, tsananin farin ciki, nystagmusya karu gajiyada excitability, dysarthria, gtin pain, bacin rairikicewa bashin,damuwa, rashin bacci,
• rhinitis, cututtukan hanji, tari,
• urinary rashin daidaituwa, rashin karfin aiki,
• karancin gani, tinnitus,
• fata mai raunim erythema,
• nauyi, Fuska fuska, kumburi.

Haɗa kai

An yarda da amfani da wasu magungunan antiemileptik a lokaci guda (Phenobarbital, Carbamazepine, Phenytoin, Acproid Acid) da maganin hana haihuwa. A wannan yanayin, magunguna na gabapentin ba ya canzawa.

Antacids yana rage bioavailability na miyagun ƙwayoyi, don haka ɗaukar babban magunguna da maganin rigakafin ya bazu akan lokaci.

Magungunan myelotoxic suna haɓaka hematotoxicity na gabapentin.

A hade tare da ƙwayar cuta Magungunan ƙwayoyin cutar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyi ba su canza ba. Koyaya, zai yiwu a sami halayen halayen da ba daidai ba daga tsarin juyayi na tsakiya.

Shan giya na iya ƙaruwa da mummunan sakamako daga tsarin juyayi na tsakiya (ataxia, stupor).

Umarni na musamman

Idan ya zama dole don dakatar da miyagun ƙwayoyi, ya kamata a aiwatar da raguwar sashi a hankali (a cikin makonni 1-2), tunda katsewar jiyya na iya tayar da jijiyoyin wuya. A lokacin daukar ciki, yana halatta ayi amfani da gwargwado tabbatacce, lokacin da amfanin ga uwar ya wuce hadarin da tayi.

Idan ataxia, dizziness, bodyrib, nauyi, hanzarin bayyana a cikin manya, da kuma nutsuwa da rashin jituwa a cikin yara, yakamata a daina maganin. A lokacin jiyya, kuna buƙatar dena tuki.

Formaddamar da tsari da abun da ke ciki na miyagun ƙwayoyi

Gabapentin yana samuwa a cikin nau'i mai kwalliya don gudanar da maganin baka. An shirya magungunan a cikin gwangwani na filastik na guda 50 ko 100 ko kuma a cikin blister of 10 -15 guda a cikin kwali.

Kowane kwanson ya ƙunshi abu mai aiki - gabapentin 300 MG, kazalika da abubuwa da yawa na kayan taimako: alli stearate, gelatin, titanium dioxide, microcrystalline cellulose.

Yi amfani da ilimin likita

Gabapentin an haɓaka shi ne a Parke-Davis kuma an fara bayyana shi a cikin 1975. A karkashin sunan samfurin Neurontin, an fara amincewa da shi a watan Mayu 1993 don maganin cututtukan fata a Burtaniya kuma an sayar da shi a Amurka a 1994. Bayan haka, an amince da gabapentin a Amurka don kula da cututtukan cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa a watan Mayu 2002. A watan Janairun 2011, Kasar Amurka ta amince da samar da wani nau'in sigar gaba na kayan gaba don gudanar da harkokin yau da kullun a karkashin sunan mai suna Gralise. Gabantine anacarbil a karkashin sunan mai suna Horizant, wanda ke da kwayar cutar halitta, an gabatar da shi a Amurka don kula da cututtukan kafafu marasa lafiya a watan Afrilun 2011 kuma an yarda da shi don maganin cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan ƙwayar cuta a watan Yuni na 2012.

Yi amfani da ilimin likita

Gaba yafi amfani da Gabapentin don magance tashin hankali da raunin neuropathic. Ana gudanar da wannan ne ta hanyar baki, tare da bincike wanda ke nuna cewa "gudanar da shugabanci bashi da gamsuwa." Hakanan ana yin shi ne don yawancin aikace-aikacen da ba a sa musu ba, kamar lura da rikicewar damuwa, rashin bacci da rashin lafiyar bipolar. Koyaya, akwai damuwa game da ingancin gwaje-gwajen da aka yi da kuma tabbacin wasu daga cikin waɗannan aikace-aikacen, musamman idan aka yi amfani da shi azaman mai kwantar da hankula a cikin rashin ɓacin rai.

Kayan magunguna na maganin

Gabapentin magani ne wanda ke nuna sakamako mai illa. A ƙarƙashin tasirin miyagun ƙwayoyi a cikin marasa lafiya da ke fama da cututtukan hanji, yana rage haɗarin ci gaba da sake fuskantar hare-hare.

Ana amfani da wannan magani don kula da manya da yara don maganin cututtukan fuka da jijiyoyin jijiyoyi a ƙasan shinge.

Pharmacodynamics

A cikin tsari, gabapentin yana kama da GABA neurotransmitter (gamma-aminobutyric acid), amma tsarin aikinsa ya sha bamban da sauran magungunan da ke hulɗa tare da masu karɓar GABA (valproic acid, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, GABA uptake inhibitors, GABA transaminase inhibitors, and agonists of the GABA transaminase and Siffofin GABA).

Gabapentin ba shi da kaddarorin GABAergic kuma ba ya shafar haɓakawa da haɓakar GABA. Dangane da binciken farko, kayan suna da alaƙa da α₂-δ-subunit na tashoshi masu amfani da ƙwayar silsila mai ƙarfin lantarki da rage yawan kwararar ions alli, wanda ke taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin ci gaban ciwon neuropathic.

Sauran hanyoyin aikin don jin raunin neuropathic:

• karuwar aikin GABA,
• raguwa a cikin glandamate-dogara mutuwar neurons,
• hanawa da kwantar da jijiyoyin zuciya na ƙungiyar monoamine.

A cikin mahimmancin ƙwaƙwalwa na gabapentin tare da masu karɓa don sauran magunguna gama gari ko masu amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta, gami da masu karɓar GABA._AGABA_A, glycine, glutamate, N-methyl-D-aspartate, ko masu karɓar benzodiazepine, ba ɗaure ba.

Gabapentin, sabanin carbamazepine da phenytoin, baya hulɗa tare da tashoshin sodium a cikin vitro. A lokacin warkarwa a cikin fitsari, wasu gwaje-gwaje a cikin vitro suna nuna wani ɗan gani na sakamakon tasirin glutamate receptor agonist N-methyl-D-aspartate, amma kawai a taro na> 100 μmol, wanda ba a cimma nasara a cikin vivo. Gabapentin ya ɗan rage fitowar masu amfani da ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayoyin cuta na monoamine.

Pharmacokinetics

A bioavailability of gabapentin ba shi da dogaro-kashi a cikin yanayi kuma yana raguwa da karuwar kashi. C_max (mafi yawan maida hankali ne a cikin abu) gabapentin a cikin plasma bayan an sami nasarar maganin a cikin awa 2-3. Cikakken bioavailability kusan kashi 60%. Abinci, gami da ƙunshi mai mai yawa, baya tasiri ga ma'aunin magunguna.

Ana bayyana kyakkyawan kawar da abubuwa daga plasma ta amfani da samfurin layi. T_1/2 (kawar da rabin rayuwa) daga cutar plasma awanni 5-7 kuma baya dogaro da maganin. Tare da sake maimaita amfani, sigogin kantin magani ba ya canzawa. Za'a iya ƙaddara darajar daidaituwa na plasma plasma dangane da sakamakon ƙwayar magani guda.

Gabapentin a zahiri ba a ɗaura shi ga furotin plasma (80 - 900-2400 mg a rana,