Abun gwajin da Ya Kira Da (On Call Plus) No. 50

Sannu

Mita na Kiran isari yana da dacewa, m, kuma mai sauƙin amfani da ma'aunin sukari na jini. Babban fa'idodin wannan mita shine daidaito, aminci da ƙanƙantar farashi duka na mit ɗin kansa da kuma tsirin gwajin da ita.

Bayan haka, kar a manta cewa yakamata mutane masu ciwon sukari su lura da sukarin jininsu kodayaushe. Kuma kowane sabon bincike sabon tsiri ne na gwaji.

Kuma a nan, kasancewa, amincinsa da amincin mitar, ya kira ƙari da tarkace don ya fito saman.

Sayi kan mita na kiran Call a Ukraine

Zaku iya a cikin shagonmu na kan layi na samfuran masu ciwon sukari da kayan aikin likita don gida.

Idan kuna buƙatar mita na yau da kullun, abin dogara, dacewa da araha don ƙididdigar sukari na jini, kantin sayar da kan layi na Medhol ya ba da shawarar ku mai da hankali ga madaidaiciyar madaidaici akan Call Plus glucometer wanda kamfanin American na Acon ya kirkira.

Glucometer On Kol Plus wani samfurin zamani ne na glucometer, wanda yake mai sauqi ne kuma mai dacewa don amfani da aiki, yana da babban aiki, ya dace da sauƙi a cikin ƙaramin jaka kuma zai dace don ƙaddara matakin sukarin jininka a tafiye-tafiye, a wurin aiki, a gida da ƙasa.

Hakanan tare da mu zaku iya siyan tsarukan gwaji akan kira akan wannan glucometer a Retail kuma tare da set a ragi.

Domin ku sami damar sanin He Call glucometer mafi kyau kafin siyan ku kuma ku sami cikakkiyar fahimta game da shi, muna ba da shawarar kallon bidiyo (kodayake muna bada shawara cewa ku fitar da kowane glucometer daga shari'ar) kuma karanta game da fa'idar wannan mit ɗin na sukari na jini (duba ƙasa).

Bidiyo tare da dubawa da sake dubawa na mita On Call Plus

Idan kuna son siyan mitane akan Kiran Kira, to kunzo adireshin da kuke bukata!

Godiya ga isar da kai tsaye daga masana'anta, a shirye muke mu ba ku wannan glucometer a karamin farashi, a cikin kayan kara tallafi daban-daban (alal misali, wani glucometer tare da daya, fakiti biyu ko uku na kwalliyar gwaji tare da ragi mai kyau lokacin siyan kit) da kuma godiya ga ayyukan kirki wadanda suka kware wajen isar da kai kai tsaye zuwa gidan a Kiev ko ofis yau!

Idan kuna zaune a cikin wasu ƙauyuka na Ukraine, to, New mail za ku aika umarninka a yau, kuma zaku iya karɓar ta a reshen ku na kamfanin jigilar kaya a cikin 'yan kwanaki kaɗan.

Fasalulluka na mita On Call Plus:

• He Call Plus lamari ne mai araha, dacewa da aiki da mitirin glucose na jini.
• Kunna atomatik yayin da ka shigar da tsinke gwaji a ciki.
• Babban daidaito, an tabbatar dashi ta hanyar manyan ɗakunan bincike a Ukraine.
• Sakamakon sukari na jini bayan dakika 10
• Sakamako ba tare da latsa maballin ba!
• Mitar On Call Plus tana da babban allo kuma bayyane, wanda ke taimaka wa mutane masu ƙarancin hangen nesa don amfani da mita.
• Bugu da kari, na'urar tana da aikin siginar sauti. Mita tana ba da ɗan gajeren saƙo lokacin da aka kunna, bayan an cika adadin samfurin ɗin zuwa tsiri gwajin, kuma lokacin da sakamakon ya shirya. Bishiyoyi uku masu tsayi suna nuna kuskure. Za a nuna nau'in kuskuren akan allon.
• Na’urar sokin tana da zurfin allurar lancet mai daidaitawa, kuma zaku iya zabar ta gwargwadon kaurin ku, wanda hakan zai sa binciken ya zama mai raɗaɗi.
• Kawai 1.0 bloodl na jini ya isa gwajin jini don sukari, kuma yankin tsiri mai ɗaukar hoto mai ban mamaki zai ba ku damar ɗaukar samfurin a cikin sauri kuma ba tare da wani ƙoƙari ba.
• Akwai damar "kawo digo" idan kun ɗauki jini kaɗan don bincike.
• Yiwuwar yin nazarin jini daga wasu wurare (dabino da hanun hannu), wanda ke sauƙaƙa rayuwar rayuwar yatsan mutane masu fama da cutar 1
• Dole ne a sanya lamba akan Call Call Plus glucometer lokacin shigar da tsiri gwajin daga sabon kunshin. Irin wannan lambar yana ba da tabbacin ƙimar ma'auni sosai ba tare da yin la'akari da wanne nau'in takaddun amfani ba (ana amfani da guntu na musamman daga jerin gwanon gwaji).
• Memorywaƙwalwa don ma'aunin 300 tare da ƙididdigar darajar matsakaici don 7, 14, ko kwanaki 30 don saka idanu akan yanayinku cikin kuzari.
• Kashe minti biyu ta atomatik rufe minni 2 bayan cire tsararren gwajin zai taimaka maka tsawan rayuwar batir.
• Baturin 1 ya isa ma'aunai 1000.
• Garanti na shekaru 5 na aiki daga masana'anta!

A cikin kayan farawa na glucoseeter He Kol Plus yana shiga:

• Hannun yatsan hannu na hannu (na'urar lanceolate)
• Gwajin gwaji - guda 10.
• Lancet - 10 inji mai kwakwalwa.
• Cire lamba
• Batun don ajiya da sufuri
• Canza filafin don samfurin lancet daga wurare masu kyau
• Bayanin Kula da Kai
• Sinadaran batir
• Katin garanti
• Jagorar mai amfani (za'a iya sauke shi anan)

Ofungiyar shagon sayar da kan layi ta MedHol koyaushe a shirye don taimaka muku da sauri, cikin rahusa kuma a saukakke siyar da mit ɗin On Call Plus tare da isar da fata kuma kuna fatan tsawon shekaru da farin ciki na rayuwa mai kyau da aiki a gare ku da ƙaunatattunku!

Nazarin Samfura

Babu sake dubawa game da wannan samfurin.
Kuna iya barin sake dubawa na farko. Ra'ayoyi game da kamfanin kanfanin kan layi na kayan aikin likita "MedHol"

99% tabbatacce daga cikin dubawa 245

• • An yi odar a kan lokaci
  • Farashinsa na yanzu ne
  • Kasancewa ya dace
  • Bayanin ya dace
• • An yi odar a kan lokaci
  • Farashinsa na yanzu ne
  • Kasancewa ya dace
  • Bayanin ya dace

Glucometer On-Call Plus (On-Call Plus) + 100 inji mai kwakwalwa. tsaran gwaji akan Kiran Kiba da KYAUTA!

KYAUTA DARAJAR ACROSS KIEV A RANAR ASARA!

Idan kana da nau'in ciwon sukari na 1 kuma an tilasta ka ka sarrafa sukarin jininka yau da kullun, kana fitar da kudade masu yawa don gwaje-gwajen yau da kullun, to muna ba da shawarar ka adana kasafin ku ta hanyar siyan kiti daga -waƙwalwar On-Call Plus da fakiti 2 na gwaji na shi.

On-Call Plus glucometer amintaccen tsari ne kuma mai araha mai tsada daga fitaccen mai samar da kayan aikin Amurka na ACON Laboratories, Inc.

sanye take da babban adadin ƙarin ayyuka, ƙara ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya (har zuwa ma'aunin 300), ikon ƙididdige matsakaiciyar darajar don 7, 14 da 30 kwanaki da babban daidaito da aminci, wanda aka tabbatar da shi ta takardar shaidar ingancin ƙasa, kuma an tabbatar da shi ta hanyar manyan ɗakunan bincike a Ukraine.

Kuma babbar babbar dama ta kayan ACON akan masu fafatawa ita ce karancin farashin mita kanta da kuma tayin gwaji a kanta, tare da daidaitaccen bincike tare da kararraki masu tsada na na'urori don nazarin matakan sukari na jini.

Kudin kwatancen gwajin da Ya Kira Plus yakai 25-40% ƙasa da farashin kwatancen masu fafatawa, kuma farashin kayan farawa yana kan matsakaita sau 2 ƙasa. Yaya kama da lambobi? Yi tunani da kanka: don kyakkyawan iko da matakan sukari na jini, kuna gudanar da ƙananan gwaji na 3-4 a kowace rana.

Wannan kusan gwaje-gwaje 1460 ne ko fakitoci 29 a shekara. Kwatanta farashin takalmin gwajin da ya kira da kuma farashin duk wasu nau'ikan alama da kuke so, yanzu kuma ku ninka bambanci tsakanin su ta hanyar 29.

Shin, kun ƙidaya? Lafiya, yaya kuke son tanadin shekara-shekara?! Ga alama a garemu cewa zaɓin a bayyane yake!

Farashin kayayyaki na gwaji akan Kira Plus:

Muna da sabis na bayarwa kyauta na yau da kullun a cikin Kiev kuma muna shirye don kawo muku saiti na kan karo tare da glucometer da kuma matakan gwaji don shi yanzu! Kuma ga mazaunan yankuna na Ukraine, ana aiwatar da isar da amfani ta hanyar yin amfani da sabis na Sabuwar sauri Mail!

Kuna so ku bayyana farashin ko kawai ku sayi kan Mitar On Coll Plus da tsararrun gwaji 100? Tuntuɓi!

Bayanin da kuma fa'idar mita On-Call Plus:

Wadatarwa: low cost of biyu da kanta da kuma gwajin tube a gare shi.

Babban ma'aunin daidaito Ana samun ingantaccen glucometer na Van Call Plus saboda fasahar biosensor ta zamani tare da kewayon ma'auni mai yawa daga 1.1 zuwa 33.3 mmol / L kuma an tabbatar da wannan daidaito ta takardar shaidar ingancin TÜV Rheinland ta duniya!

Babban allo tare da manyan, lambobi bayyananne.

On-Call Plus Glucometers suna da sauki da ake amfani da shi: ana amfani da guntu na musamman daga jerin gwaje gwaje don rubutu, lokacin bincike shine sakan 10, ƙaramin digo na jini, yiwuwar yin samfurin jini daga wasu wurare.

Na'urar sokin yana da zurfin allurar lancet.

Kyakkyawan baturi CR2032 tare da wadatar har zuwa ma'aunai 1000 da tsarin kashe kashe wutar lantarki.

Shekaru biyar daga masana'anta!

Kit ɗin talla na On Call Plus ya hada da:

On-Call Plus Mita

Ingeran na'urar huda ciki tare da zurfin huhu na ɗamara da filafi don ɗaukar bincike daga madadin wurare

110 On-Call Plus gwajin gwaji (safiyar gwaji 10 a cikin kayan farawa + fakitoci 2 na tukwane 50 kowannensu)

Cingin guntu (a cikin kayan farawa da kuma a kowace kayan aiki tare da rariyoyin gwaji)

Tauraron dan adam mai suna Glucometer: sake dubawa, umarni, farashi

Mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari ana tilasta su suyi gwajin jini don alamun sukari kowace rana don kula da yanayin jikinsu na yau da kullun, ta amfani da abinci da warkewa. Wani glucometer yana taimakawa wajen kiyaye alamun alamun glucose na jini.

Wannan ƙaramin aiki ne kuma mai sauƙin amfani da nuni tare da nuna sakamakon gwajin jinin mai haƙuri. Don tantance alamun sukari na jini, ana amfani da matakan gwaji wanda aka shafa jinin mai ciwon suga, bayan haka na'urar tana karanta bayanin kuma tana nuna bayanan bayan bincike.

Duk game da na'urar

Wanda ya kirkirar wannan na’urar ita ce kamfanin kasar Rasha ELTA. Idan ka kwatanta da irin kwatancen samarwa na kasashen waje, to wannan glucometer din na iya haskaka kasala, wanda ya ta'allaka ne tsawon lokacin aiwatar da sakamakon. Manunin gwaji ya bayyana a kan nuni ne bayan daƙiƙu 55 kawai.

A halin yanzu, farashin wannan mita yana da kyau kwarai da gaske, da yawa masu ciwon sukari suna zaɓin zaɓin su akan wannan na'urar. Hakanan, za'a iya siyan tsaran gwaji don glucometer a kusan kowane lokaci, saboda suna samuwa ga jama'a. A lokaci guda, farashin su ma ragu sosai, idan aka kwatanta da zaɓin kasashen waje.

Na'urar na iya adanawa a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar gwajin gwaji na 60 na ƙarshe na sukari don sukari, amma ba shi da aikin haddace lokaci da ranar da aka ɗauki ma'aunin. Ciki har da glucometer ba zai iya yin lissafin matsakaicin matsakaici na mako guda, makonni biyu ko wata daya ba, kamar sauran samfura masu yawa, farashin wanda yafi hakan girma.

Daga cikin ƙari, mutum na iya gano gaskiyar cewa ana daidaita glucose ɗin tare da jini gabaɗaya, wanda ke ba da damar samun sakamako na sukari na ƙoshin lafiya, waɗanda ke kusa da waɗanda aka samu a yanayin dakin gwaje-gwaje tare da ƙaramin ɓataccen kuskure. Don gano alamun glucose na jini, ana amfani da hanyar lantarki.

Kayan aikin tauraron dan adam ya hada da:

• Na'urar tauraron dan adam kanta,
• Gwaji goma,
• Gudanar da tsiri
• Lilin alkalami,
• Dalilai masu dacewa ga na'urar,
• Umarnin don amfani da mita,
• Katin garanti.

Tauraron Dan Adam Glucometer

Wannan karamin na'urar don auna matakan sukari na jini daga kamfanin ELTA yana da ikon aiwatar da bincike da sauri da kuma nuna bayanai akan allon, idan aka kwatanta da samfurin da ya gabata na wannan masana'anta. Mita tana da nunin da ya dace, Ramin don shigar da tsararrun gwaji, maɓallai don sarrafawa da kuma ɗakunan ajiya don saka batir. Girman na'urar shine giram 70 kawai.

A matsayin batir, ana amfani da baturin 3 V, wanda ya isa don ma'aunin 3000. Mita tana ba ku damar aunawa a cikin kewayon daga 0.6 zuwa 35 mmol / L. Yana adana ƙwaƙwalwar gwajin jini 60 na ƙarshe.

Amfani da wannan na'urar ba kawai ƙarancin farashi bane, har ma cewa mita zai iya kashe ta atomatik bayan gwaji. Hakanan, na'urar tana nunawa da sauri sakamakon binciken akan allon, bayanan suna bayyana akan nuni bayan mintuna 20.

Kunshin na'urar ɗin tauraron dan adam ƙari ya haɗa da:

• Karamin ma'aunin sukari na jini
• Zaɓuɓɓukan gwaji na adadin guda 25, farashin da ke ƙasa ƙasa,
• Lilin alkalami,
• 25 lancets,
• M dauke da akwati
• Gudanar da tsiri
• Umarni game da amfani da mita tauraron dan adam,
• Katin garanti.

Glucometer Tauraron Dan Adam

Glucometers daga kamfanin ELTA tauraron dan adam Express shine sabon ci gaba mai nasara, wanda aka mai da hankali akan bukatun zamani na masu amfani. Wannan na'urar tana iya yin gwaje-gwaje na jini don matakan glucose cikin sauri da sauri, sakamakon gwajin ya bayyana akan nuni bayan dakika 7 kawai.

Na'urar ta sami damar adana karatun 60 na ƙarshe, amma a wannan satin ma mita tana adana lokaci da ranar gwajin, wanda yake sabo da mahimmanci ga masu ciwon sukari.

Lokaci garanti don amfani da mitar ba iyaka bane, wannan yana tabbatar da cewa masana'antun sun aminta da ingancin sa da amincin su. Batirin da aka sanya a cikin na'urar an tsara shi don ma'aunin 5000.

Farashin na'urar kuma yana da araha.

Saitin na tauraron dan adam Express ya hada da:

1. Na'ura don auna sukarin tauraron dan adam,
2. Tsarin gwaji na adadin 25,
3. Lilin alkalami,
4. 25 lancet
5. Gudanar da tsiri
6. Babbar Magana
7. Umarnin don amfani da tauraron dan adam da aka bayyana,
8. Katin garanti.

Gwajin gwaji da lancets Tauraron Dan Adam

Abubuwan gwaji suna da fa'ida sosai akan takwarorinsu na kasashen waje. Farashin a gare su ba kawai mai araha ne ga mai amfani na Rasha ba, har ma yana ba ku damar siye su akai-akai don gwaje-gwaje na jini Dukkanin matakan gwaji an sanya su cikin ɗakunan ajiyar mutum, wanda dole ne a buɗe shi nan da nan kafin bincike.

Idan rayuwar shiryayye ta ƙare, dole ne a watsar da su kuma ba a yi amfani da su a kowane yanayi ba, in ba haka ba suna iya nuna sakamakon da ba za a iya dogara da su ba.

Ana amfani da PKG-01 na tauraron dan adam, PKG-02 Tauraron Dan Adam Da, PKG-03 don tauraron dan adam Express. A kan sayarwa akwai shirye-shiryen gwaje-gwaje na 25 da guda 50, farashin wanda yake ƙasa.

Akwatin na'urar an hada da tsararren sarrafawa wanda aka saka a cikin mita bayan an sayi na'urar a cikin shago. Hannun lancets na duk samfurori na glucoeters sune daidaitattun, farashin su ma ana samun su ga masu siye.

Gudanar da gwajin jini don sukari tare da taimakon tauraron dan adam

Na'urorin gwaji suna tantance sukarin jinin mai haƙuri ta hanyar amfani da jinin basaraki.

Suna da inganci sosai, saboda haka za'a iya amfani dasu maimakon yin gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje don gano matakan glucose a jiki.

Wannan na'urar ta kasance cikakke don bincike na yau da kullun a gida da kowane wuri, a kowace harka, shafin yanar gizon glucometer na tauraron dan adam kyakkyawa ne, kuma kwatancin ya ba da cikakke sosai.

Yana da mahimmanci a la'akari da cewa jinin venous da serum basu dace da gwaji ba. Hakanan, mitar na iya nuna bayanan da ba daidai ba idan jinin ya yi kauri sosai, ko kuma, ta magana, ya yi kauri. Yawan hemocritical ya zama kashi 20-55.

Haɗe da na'urar ba da shawarar amfani da ita idan mai haƙuri yana da cututtukan cututtukan fata ko cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta. Idan mai ciwon sukari a ranar hawan gwaje-gwajen ya dauki ko gabatar da ascorbic acid a cikin adadin da ya wuce gram 1 cikin jiki, na'urar zata iya nuna sakamakon auna karfin jiki.

Glucometer "Tauraron Dan Adam": sake dubawa, umarnin. Glucometer "Tauraron Dan Adam":

Ciwon sukari mellitus cuta ce da ta zama gama gari wanda ya shafi duka yara da yara. Idan kun lura da aikinku koyaushe, zaku iya gujewa sakamakon kamar suma.

Ana kiran masu saka idanu na sukari na jini. Yawancin kamfanoni waɗanda ke kera kayan aikin likita suna ba da zaɓin waɗannan na'urorin.

Daga cikinsu akwai mitar tauraron dan adam daga kamfanin ELTA.

Sanadin cutar sankarau da alamunta

Cutar sankarar mellitus na faruwa ne sakamakon rashin aiki na tsarin endocrine na jiki (ƙwanƙwasa). Babban alamar wannan cuta shine ƙara yawan glucose a cikin ruwa mai narkewa, wanda ke faruwa sakamakon rashi na insulin, wanda ke da alhakin ɗaukar glucose ta ƙwayoyin jikin mutum da canzawa zuwa glycogen.

Ciwon sukari mellitus cuta ce ta tsarin, kuma sakamakonta yana shafar kusan dukkanin gabobin ɗan adam. A cikin rashin ingantaccen magani da kuma kiyaye matakan glucose a jiki, irin waɗannan rikice-rikice kamar su infitar, myocardial infarction, bugun jini, lalacewar tasoshin kodan, retina da sauran gabobin da ke faruwa.

Yaya za a zabi glucometer kuma a ina zaka siya?

Wani glucometer shine na'urar da ke bincika matakin sukari a cikin ruwan jiki (jini, ruwa na cerebrospinal). Ana amfani da waɗannan manuniya don gano yadda mutane ke fama da cutar sankara.

Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka da yawa don waɗannan na'urori. Misali, mitir mai dauke da sinadarin jini yana baka damar rikodin karatu ko da a gida. Irin wannan na'urar ita ce na'urar da ba dole ba ne ga mutanen da ke fama da ciwon sukari, saboda yana da sauƙin sarrafa ƙwayar insulin da ake buƙata tare da shi.

Ana sayar da mitattun gulub ɗin cikin jini a cikin kantin magani da kuma shagunan ƙwararrun kayan aikin likita. Lokacin zabar na'ura, wajibi ne don la'akari da fasalin kowane samfurin kuma a hankali bincika duk ayyukansa. Zai zama da amfani idan ka san ƙididdigar game da na'urorin da zasu taimaka wajan yin la’akari da duk halayen kirki na wannan na’ura da kuma gazawarsa.

Hanyoyin bincike

Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don auna glucose shine amfani da na'urori tare da biosensor na gani.

Misalin da aka yi amfani da su a farko na amfani da hanyar photometric dangane da amfani da tsinkewar gwaji, wanda ya canza launin su saboda tasirin hulɗa da glucose da abubuwa na musamman.

Wannan fasaha na zamani kuma da wuya ayi amfani dashi saboda ingantattun karatun.

Hanyar da masu amfani da kwayoyin halitta masu haɓakawa sunfi samarwa kuma yana bada sakamako cikakke. A gefe guda, kwakwalwan kwakwalwar biosensor suna da farin ciki na bakin ciki na zinariya, amma amfanin su ba shi da tsada.

Madadin ƙaramin zinare, sabbin ƙwayoyin zamani suna ɗauke da barbashi na ƙwayoyin cuta wanda ke haɓaka ji na glucose waɗanda ta hanyar 100.

Wannan fasaha har yanzu tana kan ci gaba, amma tana da alƙawarin sakamakon bincike kuma tuni aka gabatar da shi.

Hanyar lantarki ta dogara ne da auna girman tasirin yanzu wanda ya tashi daga amsawar abubuwa na musamman akan tasirin gwaji tare da glucose a cikin ruwan jiki. Wannan hanyar tana rage tasirin abubuwanda suka haifar akan sakamakon da aka samu yayin aunawa. Ana la'akari da ɗayan mafi daidaituwa a yau kuma ana amfani dashi a cikin glucometers na tsaye.

Na'ura don auna matakan glucose "Tauraron Dan Adam"

Glucometer "Tauraron Dan Adam" shine na'ura mai sauƙin araha, amma tana da rashi da yawa, ɗayansu shine tsawon ma'aunin lokaci idan aka kwatanta da takwarorin ƙasashen waje. Yana ɗaukar kimanin 55 seconds don aiwatar da bayanai da kuma fitar da sakamakon. Amma ga wasu, tsawon lokacin aunawa ba ya taka rawa sosai. Sabili da haka, na'urar har yanzu tana cikin buƙata.

Glucometer "Tauraron Dan Adam" yana adana matakan 60 na ƙarshe a cikin umarnin da aka ɗauke su, amma ba ya bayar da bayanai akan kwanan wata da lokacin da aka samu sakamakon ba. Ana amfani da ma'auni akan jini gaba daya, wanda ya kawo darajar da aka samu kusa da binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje. Yana da ƙananan kuskure, amma, yana ba da ra'ayi game da matakin glucose a cikin jini kuma yana ba ku damar ɗaukar matakan da suka dace.

A saiti tare da wannan samfurin na na'urar a cikin kwali mai kwali akwai kuma tsararrun gwaji don mitar tauraron dan adam a cikin adadin guda 10, umarnin don amfani da katin garanti. Hakanan an haɗa shi da na'urar don sokin da samun samfurin jini, rariyar sarrafawa, murfin na'urar.

Glucometer "tauraron dan adam ƙari"

Wannan na'urar, idan aka kwatanta da wanda ya riga shi, yana ɗaukar ma'auni sosai da sauri, a cikin kusan 20 seconds, wanda ya fi dacewa da mutane masu aiki.

Yana da aikin rufewa ta atomatik don kiyaye ƙarfin baturi. An ƙarfafa ta ta batirin 3 V, wanda yakai tsawon ma'aunin 2,000. Adana ma'aunai 60 na kwanan nan. Tauraron dan adam da glucometer ana sayar da shi tare da:

• gwanayen gwaji (guda 25),
• sokin da alkalami 25,
• hali don adana na'urar da kayan haɗi,
• iko tsiri
• jagorar koyarwa da katin garanti.

Na'urar tana aiki cikin kewayon 0.6-35 mmol / lita. Yawan sa ne kawai 70 g, yana da ƙananan girma. Matsayi mai dacewa don kayan haɗi yana ba ka damar ɗauka a hanya, ba tare da ɓace komai ba.

Glucometer "tauraron dan adam Express"

Lokacin rage awo a cikin wannan kayan aikin an rage shi zuwa sakan bakwai. Kamar samfuran da suka gabata, na'urar tana ajiye ma'aunin 60 na kwanan nan, amma kwanan wata da lokacin kowannen su yana bayyana. Rayuwar baturi yakai 5000 ma'aunai.

Glucometer "Tauraron Dan Adam" shine na'urar zamani don ƙayyade matakin glucose a cikin jinin haila. Sakamakon shawarwari don amfani, sakamakon yana da isasshen daidaito don sarrafa alamun. Haɗe da na'urar sune:

• tube don ma'aunin glucose "Satellite Express" a cikin adadin guda 25,
• yatsa
• 25 lancets lecets,
• iko tsiri
• koyarwa da kuma garanti katin,
• matsala mai wuya don ajiya.

Don amfanin yau da kullun, tauraron dan adam mai bayyana glucoseeter shine mafi dacewa. Binciken wadanda suka dade suna amfani da na'urar suna dauke da bayanai akan amincinsa. Hakanan babban fa'idar wannan samfurin shine haɗakar daidaito da farashi mai araha.

Accessoriesarin na'urorin haɗi

Kowace mitar tauraron dan adam, banda na'urar da kanta, tana zuwa tare da ƙarin na'urorin haɗi don taimaka muku auna. Hannun fuka da lancets suna ba ka damar ɗaukar yatsanka cikin sauri don samun jini don bincike. Hanyoyin lancets da aka yi amfani dasu sun dace kuma sun dace da duk na'urorin sokin.

Abubuwan gwaji na ɗai ɗai ga kowane samfurin na na'urar, saboda suna amfani da abubuwa na musamman. Lokacin sayen ƙarin tsararrakin gwaji, koyaushe ya zama dole don nuna takamaiman samfurin na na'urar. Kudin mai araha shine babban amfanin rijiyoyin gwaji na na'urorin tauraron dan adam.

Yana da kyau a lura cewa kowannensu yana da kayan aikinsu. Wannan yana kawar da ci gaba da sauran abubuwa a kai da kuma gurbata sakamakon. Ana sayar da bututun hannu a matakai 25 da 50.

Kowane saiti yana da nasa tsiri tare da lambar, wanda dole ne a saka shi a cikin na'urar don ma'aunai kafin fara aiki tare da sababbin tsalle. Rashin daidaiton lambar akan allon nuni tare da abin da aka nuna akan kunshin yana nuna cewa bai cancanci ɗaukar matakan ba.

A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne don shigar da lambar daga cikin kunshin a cikin na'urar "tauraron dan adam" (glucometer). Umarnin don amfani ya ƙunshi bayani kan yadda ake yin wannan daidai.

Tsarin Haraji

Kafin fara ma'aunin, ya zama dole a kunna na'urar kuma a duba yanayin aikinsa (88.8 zai bayyana akan allon). Yakamata a ringa wanke hannu sosai, kuma yakamata a yatsar yatsar da yasha sannan ta jira ta bushe gaba daya.

An saka lancet a cikin riƙo kuma an saka motsi mai ƙarfi a cikin yatsa kamar zurfin dama. Sakamakon digo na jini ana amfani da shi a kan tsiri gwajin, wanda aka saka cikin na'urar da aka haɗa a baya tare da lambobin sadarwa.

Bayan nuna sakamakon binciken na daƙiƙa da yawa (ya danganta da samfurin, daga 7 zuwa 55 seconds), dole ne a cire tsararran gwajin kuma a watsar da shi, tunda sake yin amfani da shi ba a yarda da shi ba.

Hakanan baza'a iya amfani da tsararren gwajin ba.

Yanayin ajiya

Yaya za a adana tauraron dan adam? Yin bita game da na'urar da kundin jagorarsa sun ƙunshi bayanai kan yadda za ayi amfani da na'urar da inda za'a ajiye shi domin ya daɗe. Dole ne a adana shi a cikin bushe bushe, da iska mai kyau, ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye akan na'urar ba, a yanayin zafi daga -10 ° C zuwa +30 ° C da gumi ba fiye da 90% ba.

Daidai aikin na'urar dole ne a bincika dangane da amfani da farko tare da kowane sauyi na batura. Jagorar koyarwar ta ƙunshi bayani kan yadda ake binciken na'urar.

Neman bayanai game da tauraron dan adam din

Kafin ka sayi na'ura, ya kamata ka karanta ra'ayoyin waɗanda suka riga sun yi amfani da mitar tauraron ɗan adam. Binciken yana taimakawa gano gazawar na'urar kafin yin siyayya da kuma guje wa asarar albarkatun kuɗi. Marasa lafiya sun lura cewa a farashi mai sauƙi, na'urar tana yin aiki sosai da babban aikinta kuma tana taimakawa wajen sarrafa matakan glucose.

Misalin tauraron dan adam da na'urar na da ƙarin fa'ida - tsari mai sauri cikin sauri. Ga wasu mutane masu aiki, wannan ya zama mahimmanci.

Mafi kyawun inganci kuma mafi kyawun na'urar gwargwadon halayen da aka ayyana shine tauraron ɗan adam wanda ke nuna glucose. Nazarin abokan ciniki ya tabbatar da gaskiyar cewa na'urar ta cika abubuwan da aka ƙayyade na kayan aiki. Saboda haka, galibi suna samun wannan samfurin. Kyakkyawan gefen shine ƙananan farashin lancets da kuma saiti na gwajin gwaji.

Glucometer "tauraron dan adam ƙari"

Sergey Pomazan Disamba 30, 2014 03:30

A kan shawarar abokaina, Na sayi ellitean tauraron dan adam ɗin. Tun daga wannan, shekaru da yawa sun shude kuma ba su yi nadamar sayan ba. Kudin na’urar ita kanta araha ce kuma tana kasa da ta masu gasa.

Kodayake, lokacin ma'aunin yana da ɗan girma sama da na samfuran masu tsada, amma kuma - babu buƙatar gaggawa don yin sauri, amma abubuwan cinyewa (tube) sun fi rahusa, kuma idan ba ku kai shi a kantin kantin magani ba, amma yin oda na 'yan dozin akan layi, zai zama mafi ƙarfin tattalin arziki.

Baturin har yanzu bai canza ba tun sayan!

Yadda na sayi glucometer

Marcus Disamba 30, 2014 00:36

Gaskiya dai, ban damu ba da zabar glucometer na dogon lokaci kuma na sayi farkon da na samu. Wata Mitar tauraron dan Adam ne.

Ina tsammanin idan na'urar ta yi aiki kamar yadda ya kamata, to babu wata ma'ana a zaɓi tsakanin wasu. Ya dace da ni gaba daya. Maballin dacewa, sakamako mai sauri, bincike ba ya cutarwa, wanda yake mahimmanci.

Gabaɗaya, Ina ba shi shawara ga kowa, yana gudanar da aikinsa daidai

Sakamako mai sauri

Olga Disamba 29, 2014 03:25

Na dade da zaba glucose. Abinda na gabata, wanda nayi amfani dashi, ya daina nuna ingantaccen sakamako (mai yiwuwa saboda tsufa ne). Na samu kaina Tauraron Dan Adam. Irin waɗannan sakamako masu sauri (kawai 7 seconds kuma bincike ya nuna kamar yadda aka rubuta akan shafin yanar gizon !!) Ban riga na nuna tsoffin glucose ba! Wannan tasa, gaba ɗaya, yayin da nake son shi.

Tauraron Dan Adam na Glucometer yana taimakawa sosai

Elena Disamba 27, 2014 1:25 p.m.

Na sayi wannan na'urar don iyayena a ƙauyen. Ya ce kawai ceto. Na kafa na'urar da sauri kuma ba tare da wahala mai yawa ba godiya ga bidiyon horarwa kuma na koya wa iyayena yadda ake amfani da shi.

25 gwajin gwaji, alkalami don huda, wajan sassaka, murfi, umarnin, gwajin sarrafawa - tsiri da na'urar da kanta. Faranta musu da farashi. Mafi arha mai yawa fiye da sauran brands.

Nan da nan na sayi fakitoci daban-daban na gwaji - lebur, saboda ba ni da damar yawan zuwa wurin iyayena. Tabbas tauraron dan adam na Glucometer yana taimakawa sosai.

Babban mita don farashinsa

Anna Disamba 27, 2014 02:33

Ina fuskantar matsalar matsalar yawan sukari 7 da suka wuce, don haka yanzu na auna shi kusan kullun. Na gwada glucose mai 2 akan kaina, Tauraron Dan adam ƙari ne na uku, amma ba mafi muni fiye da waɗanda suka gabata.

Farashin mai araha don duka na'urar da sikelin gwaji an sayar da shi a kusan kowane kantin magani. Jini karamin digo ne, kar a yarda cewa yana da jini.

Yana da fahimta a yi amfani da shi - - Na tsara shi ba tare da umarnin daga kwarewar ba, amma idan yana cikin Rashanci.

Kyakkyawan haɗuwa na farashi da inganci

Vsevolod Disamba 26, 2014 19:37

A cikin dangi masu fama da ciwon sukari waɗanda ke buƙatar allurar insulin yau da kullun, mitar glucose na jini yana da mahimmanci. Mahaifina yana da ciwon sukari kuma akwai lokuta yayin da sukari jini ya fadi, dole ne in kira motar asibiti - hoton yana da muni kawai.

Don hana wannan, mun sayi glucose don auna matakan sukari. Muna amfani da tauraron dan adam na gida da sinadarin glucometer. Abu ne mai sauki mu riƙa ɗauka, kayan jarabawa ba su da tsada.

Koyaya, a ganina akwai wasu rashin nasara, yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don aunawa kuma yana buƙatar jini mai yawa, kuma don wannan kuna buƙatar yin hujin zurfi akan yatsunsu kuma wannan ba shi da kyau.

Rodionova Irina Disamba 26, 2014 15:13

Ina zaune a cikin babban iyali. Abin da ya faru shi ne cewa duk wanda ya shiga ta yana fama da mummunar cuta, kamar a faɗi, kamar ciwon sukari. Don haka, wannan na'urar a gare mu ta zama mai cetarwa ne kawai, yana taimaka mana mu sarrafa jikinmu ba tare da barin gidan ba, abu mai amfani, yana aiki kawai.

Nazarin a cikin kawai 7 seconds!

Olga Disamba 26, 2014 02:02

Na dade da zaba glucose. Abinda na gabata, wanda nayi amfani dashi, ya daina nuna ingantaccen sakamako (mai yiwuwa saboda tsufa ne). Na samu kaina Tauraron Dan Adam. Irin waɗannan sakamako masu sauri (kawai 7 seconds kuma bincike ya nuna kamar yadda aka rubuta akan shafin yanar gizon !!) Ban riga na nuna tsoffin glucose ba! Wannan tasa, gaba ɗaya, yayin da nake son shi.

Mita kasafin kudi

Svetlana Satumba 9, 2014 23:47

Na sayi wannan mitina don kakata. Tabbas, Na tsara mata komai kuma tayi nasarar amfani da ita. Gaskiya ne, duk lokacin da ta fara sabon kunshin kayan gwaji, ita da kanta ba za ta iya jure ƙaddamar da lambar ba. Amma wannan, hakika, ba yana nufin cewa na'urar ba ta da kyau ba, har yanzu shine yanayin shekaru, kuma, gabaɗaya, gabaɗaya, tauraron dan adam ɗin yana da kyau mitan kasafin kuɗi.

Kalashnikov a kasuwar glucometer

Nikita Agusta 19, 2014 13:18

Wataƙila, kamar masu ciwon sukari da yawa, na gwada nau'ikan samfuran glucose. Wannan ya samo tushe. Ba zan iya faɗi cewa mafi daidai ba. Kuma ba zan iya faɗi cewa an tattara shi da kyau ba Amma ya gaza shekaru da yawa.

Ya kamata a lura cewa ni mutum ne mai matukar rashin gaskiya. Komai ya faɗi kuma na tabbata na shiga cikin wando, a kan farantin abinci tare da miya, ko ma a bayan gida))) A cikin shekaru 5 da suka gabata, na datse na'urori 6 da kaina! Forgotaya daga cikin ya manta a cikin zafi a cikin motar, ɗayan ya nutsar a cikin gida guda.

Na ukun da aka doke shi da kare)))) da sauransu ... Tauraron Dan Adam da tuni yana da karar fashewa, ya kange shi da dukkan kilo-kye 120))) Ya fadi sau da yawa, gami da cikin murhun. Ka rasa kuma ka sa daren a cikin dusar ƙanƙara. A takaice, ba zan faɗi cewa na'urar tana da kyau ba.

Amma ya bayyana a zahiri tabbatacce ne, mu Rashanci. Kamar bindigar Kalashnikov)))

Daga cikin minuses na bayyane - zubar jini. Wani digo yana buƙatar matse shi sosai. Kuma ba ko'ina ba akwai madaukai, amma wannan matsala ce ga dukkanin abubuwan glucose. A koyaushe ina shirya kaina a cikin kantin sayar da kan Partizansky. Yanzu na yi oda ta wannan shagon, bari mu ga yadda suke kawo ta.

Yaroslavtsev Sergey Aleksandrovich Pain BA! Agusta 19, 2014 13:20

An riga an aika umarninka! Za'a iya samun cikakkun bayanai a cikin maajiyar ku. Na gode da kuka zabi mu! Nan ba da jimawa ba za mu sami wani shirin da zai yi ajiyar abubuwa sosai a kan matakan gwaji.

Sauki don amfani da mita

Bukatar siyar da sinadarin glucueter ta taso lokacin da aka same ni da ciwon sukari mai jini sosai. Masanin ilimin endocrinologist ya ce yana da kyau, amma dole ne ku bi wani abincin kuma ku tabbata ku sarrafa matakin sukari.

Da kyau, tabbas kun san abin da yake don zuwa asibiti don yin bincike, yana da tsawo, mara dadi kuma yana buƙatar lokaci mai yawa kyauta. Kuma idan kuna aiki, to kuna iya neman izini daga aiki. Kuna iya zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje masu zaman kansu, amma a can an biya gwaji.

Hanya daya tilo ita ce siyan sikirin. Kuma na fara zaba.A cikin kantin magunguna da kantin sayar da kayan aikin likitanci, na ga manyan kayayyaki, da sifofi daban-daban, launuka, farashi ma daban ne, kuma aikin na kusan iri daya ne, Na yi wannan maganar ne bayan sauraron labaran masu ba da shawara.

Ina da ra'ayin gabaɗaya, akwai buƙatun asali: sauƙi na aiki, rakodin gwaji mai araha. Don haka kafin ban yi amfani da glucometers ba, na yanke shawarar siyan kaya masu tsada ba tukuna. Don haka yin magana a kan fitina :)

Bayan doguwar tsarin zaɓe, Na samo On Call Plus, tsarin kula da glucose na jini.

Boxan ƙaramar akwatin kwali wanda akan nuna halayen, jerin abubuwanda ke ciki. A cikin akwatin akwai umarni masu yawa, rubutaccen mai ciwon sukari, katin garanti.

Hakanan a ciki murfin kan maciji ne, wanda ya ƙunshi dukkanin abubuwan da ake amfani dasu na tsarin don lura da glucose na jini: glucometer, kwalban kwalaye guda 10 na kayan gwaji, fakiti na katako 10, lancets, na'urar taɓo, wata madaidaiciyar magana don ɗaukar jini daga yatsa, lamba farantin, batir, maganin sarrafawa.

Ana amfani da maganin kulawa don tabbatar da daidaiton kayan aikin. Dangane da umarnin, wajibi ne a gudanar da gwajin iko tare da mafita: kafin amfani na farko, kafin amfani da sabbin tsarukan gwaji, idan cikin shakka sakamakon hakan.

Mita tana da haske sosai (49.5 g tare da baturin), tana kwance cikin jin daɗi a hannunka (girman 85x54x20.5mm). Yana da babban allo 35x32.5 mm, lambobin da ke nuna sakamakon suma sunada yawa kuma a sarari. Yana kunna mai sauƙin sauƙi, ta atomatik, saka shigar da tsiri gwajin a cikin mai karɓar. Hakanan yana kashe ta atomatik, minti 2 bayan ma'aunin. An tsara aikin baturi don ma'auni 1000 ko watanni 12. Na'urar tana da ƙuƙwalwa don ma'aunin 300, tare da kwanan wata da lokacin aunawa, na iya nuna ƙimar matsakaiciyar kwanaki 7, 14 da 30. Hakanan yana yiwuwa don canja wurin bayanai daga na'urar zuwa kwamfutar, amma kuna buƙatar siyan kebul don wannan daban.

Na ji daɗin ƙarancin na'urar. Kuna shigar da lancet a ciki, daidaita zurfin huhun, girgiza maɓallin girgiza, danna na'urar zuwa yatsanka (ko ba a yatsanka ba, yana yiwuwa a ɗauki jini daga goshinka ko wani wurin), danna maɓallin kuma ga shi nan, huda, mara zafi da sauri. Ba koyaushe ba ne a gare ni in ba da gudummawa jini daga yatsana a cikin dakunan gwaje-gwaje, don haka suna daɗa wannan wannan abin ƙyalƙyali, yana ciwo nan da nan kuma yana ciwo.

Ana buƙatar digo na jini don aunawa ba komai ba babba, ƙasa da kai mai dacewa. Ya kamata a kawo maɓallin tsarin gwajin, ya zama kamar zana jini a cikin kansa kuma bayan minti 10 sakamakon yana shirye. Game da sakamakon: sakamakon ya ɗan bambanta da gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje, na duba, ya bambanta sama, i.e. Mita tana nuna fiye da Lab. Misali, mita yana nuna 11.9mmol / L, kuma sakamakon dakin gwaje-gwaje shine 9.1mmol / L. Wannan bai fusata ni ba, amma wataƙila yana da mahimmanci ga marasa lafiya da masu ciwon sukari.

Tunanina: amfani da mitan mai sauki ne. Bayani dalla-dalla a cikin Rashanci, don kusan kowane darasi, suna da sauƙin fahimta. A zahiri an bayyana kowane aiki. Abubuwan gwaji suna nan, amma a ganina farashin ya yi yawa :(

Bayanin Nazarin Ya Kira More

Wannan na'urar don auna sukari jini shine samfurin zamani na mita tare da adadi mai yawa na ayyuka masu dacewa. Increasedarin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya shine ma'aunin kwanan nan 300. Hakanan, na'urar tana iya ƙididdige matsakaiciyar ƙima don mako guda, makonni biyu da wata daya.

Kayan aikin He Calla Plus yana da babban inganci na ma'auni, wanda masana'anta suka ayyana kuma ana ɗaukar shi mai ƙididdigar mai amfani ne saboda kasancewar ingantacciyar takardar shaidar ƙasa da ingancin gwaji a cikin ɗakunan gwaje-gwaje.

Babban fa'idodin ana iya kiransa farashi mai araha a kan mit ɗin, wanda ya bambanta da sauran samfuran masu kama da sauran masana'antun. Yankunan gwaji da lancets suma suna da araha mai araha.

Kit ɗin glucometer ya haɗa da:

• Na'urar da ya Kira da ƙari,
• Alƙalin alkalami mai ƙarfi tare da hukunci na zurfin huhun da naƙasa na musamman don ɗaukar hoto daga kowane wuri kuma,
• On-Call Plus gwajin gwaji a cikin adadin 10 guda,
• Lullube bayanan sirri,
• Saitin lancets a cikin adadin 10,
• Magana don ɗaukarwa da adanar na'urar,
• Bayanin kansa na lura da masu ciwon sukari,
• Li-CR2032X2 baturi,
• Littafin koyarwa
• Katin garanti.

Na'urar amfani

Mafi kyawun fasalin mai amfani shine mai ƙimar farashin mai araha akan kayan aikin On-Call Plus. Dangane da farashin farashin gwaji, yin amfani da glucometer yana kashe masu ciwon sukari kashi 25 cikin ɗari mai rahusa idan aka kwatanta da sauran takwarorin ƙasashen waje.

Ana iya samun babban inganci na mita On-Call Plus ta hanyar amfani da fasahar biosensor na zamani. Godiya ga wannan, mai nazarin yana tallafawa daɗaɗɗun ma'auni daga 1.1 zuwa 33.3 mmol / lita. An tabbatar da alamun ƙididdigewa ta wurin kasancewar takaddar ƙimar ƙasa na ingancin TÜV Rheinland.

Na'urar tana da allon falon da ya dace tare da bayyanannun manyan haruffa, don haka mit ɗin ya dace da tsofaffi da masu rauni a gani. Saka hannu yana ɗaure sosai, yana da kyau a riƙe a hannu, yana da murfin mara nauyi. Matsakaicin hematocrit shine kashi 30-55. Za'a iya yin amfani da na'urar a cikin plasma, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ƙin glucose ɗin ke da sauƙi.

1. Wannan abu ne mai sauki mai sauki don amfani da nazari.
2. Ana aiwatar da ƙirar ta amfani da guntu na musamman wanda yazo tare da tsaran gwajin.
3. Yana ɗaukar minti 10 kawai don samun sakamakon gwajin jini don glucose.
4. Za'a iya aiwatar da samfuran jini ba kawai daga yatsa ba, har ma daga dabino ko goshin hannu. Don bincike, ya zama dole a sami ƙaramin ɗimbin jini tare da ƙara 1 .l.
5. Takaddun gwaji suna da sauƙi a cire daga kunshin saboda kasancewar rufin da yake da kariya.

Hannun lancet yana da tsari mai dacewa don tsara matakan zurfin hujin ciki. Mai ciwon sukari na iya zaɓar sigar da ake so, yana mai da hankali ga kauri fatar. Wannan zai sanya fyaɗe mara zafi da sauri.

Mitar tana amfani da wutar batir CR2032, ya isa don nazarin 1000. Lokacin da aka rage wuta, na'urar zata sanar da ku da siginar sauti, don haka mara lafiya ba zai damu cewa baturin zai daina aiki a mafi yawan lokacin da ya dace ba.

Girman na'urar shine 85x54x20.5 mm, kuma na'urar tana nauyin 49.5 g kawai tare da baturi, saboda haka zaku iya ɗaukar shi tare da ku a aljihunka ko jakarka kuma ɗauka a kan tafiya. Idan ya cancanta, mai amfani zai iya canja wurin duk bayanan da aka adana zuwa kwamfutar sirri, amma saboda wannan wajibi ne don siyan ƙarin kebul.

Na'urar tana kunna ta atomatik bayan shigar da tsararran gwajin. Bayan kammala aiki, mitar tana kashewa ta atomatik bayan minti biyu na rashin aiki. Garanti daga masana'anta shine shekaru 5.

An ba shi izinin adana na'urar a cikin yanayin zafi na kusan kashi 20-90 da kuma zafin jiki na yanayi na 5 zuwa 45 digiri.

Masu amfani da mitsi na glucose

Don aiki na ma'aunin ma'auni, ana amfani da tsararrun gwaji akan Call Plus. Zaku iya siyansu a kowane kantin magani ko kwalliyar kantin magani ta musamman 25 ko 50.

Gwajin gwajin iri ɗaya sun dace da On-Call EZ mita daga masana'anta guda. Kit ɗin ya haɗa da maganganu biyu na matakan gwaji 25, guntu don ɓoyewa, littafin mai amfani. A matsayin reagent, abu shine glucose oxidase. Ana aiwatar da aikin kwatankwacin kwatankwacin kwatankwacin jini na jini. Binciken yana buƙatar kawai 1 na jini.

Kowace tsarar gwajin an shirya shi daban, don haka mara lafiya na iya amfani da kayayyaki har sai lokacin karewar da aka buga akan kunshin ya kare, koda kuwa an bude kwalbar.

On-Call da lancets sune duniya baki daya, sabili da haka, ana iya amfani dasu don sauran masana'antun alkalan alkalami waɗanda ke samarwa da nau'ikan glucometers, gami da Bionime, Tauraron Dan Adam, OneTouch. Koyaya, irin waɗannan lancets ba su dace da na'urorin AccuChek ba. Bidiyo a cikin wannan labarin zai nuna yadda ake saita mitsi.