Gwajin jini na glycated: al'ada a cikin maza da mata masu ciwon sukari

Jaridar likita ta Burtaniya ta wallafa sakamakon wani gwajin da aka yi wanda ya isa ya tabbatar da dogarowar gemocololated da ke tattare da hadarin mace-mace a cikin rabin jikin dan Adam. HbA1C an sarrafa shi a cikin masu sa kai na shekaru daban-daban: daga shekaru 45 zuwa 79. Ainihin, sun kasance mutane masu lafiya (ba tare da ciwon sukari ba).

A cikin maza masu karanta glucose na kusan 5% (kusan al'ada), mace-mace tayi ƙanƙantala (akasari daga bugun zuciya da bugun jini). Thisara wannan mai nuna alama da kawai 1% ya ƙara haɗarin mutuwa ta hanyar 28%! Dangane da sakamakon rahoton, darajar HbA1C na 7% yana ƙaruwa da haɗarin mutuwa ta hanyar 63% (idan aka kwatanta da na yau da kullun), kuma 7% ga masu ciwon sukari koyaushe ana ɗaukar sakamako mai kyau!

Gwajin gwajin jini na glycated wani muhimmin nazari ne, wani nau'in alama ne na kimiyyar halittun da zai baka damar kamuwa da ciwon suga. Yana taimaka wajen lura da tasirin maganin sa.

Babban aikin haemoglobin shine isar da oxygen zuwa sel. Wannan furotin ya hade da kwayoyin glucose. Yana da wannan abu da ake kira glycosylated haemoglobin. Idan aka sami karin yawan sukari a cikin jini, to sai a samu karin haemoglobin, wanda yake nuna matsayin hadarin kamuwa da cutar siga da kuma sakamakon sa.

A halin yanzu, wannan gwajin wajibi ne ga hyperglycemia, yana ba ku damar bincika cututtukan sukari yayin da wasu nau'ikan gwaje-gwaje ba su gyara shi ba. Binciken yana taimakawa sosai don gano cututtukan sukari a farkon matakan. Irin wannan gwajin zai taimaka wa masu ciwon sukari su fahimci yadda ya sarrafa glycemia har tsawon kwana 90-100, yadda ciwon sukari yake saurin ci gaba, ko kuma magungunan da aka zaɓa na rage sukari suna da tasiri.

Ribobi da fursunoni na dabara

Kwayoyin glucose a cikin jini suna amsawa tare da sel jini. Sakamakon abu ne mai tabbataccen fili wanda ba ya rushe ko da waɗannan sunadarai sun mutu a cikin mafitsara. Wannan dukiyar tasu ta sa ya yiwu a gano wata matsala tun da wuri, lokacin da daidaitaccen gwajin bai fara jin canje-canje a cikin jini ba.

Binciken abinci kafin abinci ya baka damar sanin sukari mai jin yunwa, bayan cin abinci - yana ba da kimanta halin da take ciki a ƙarƙashin kaya. Glycated haemoglobin a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus ya kiyasta glycemia a cikin watanni uku da suka gabata. Menene fa'idar wannan hanyar tantancewa?

• Ba za a iya yin jarrabawa ba kawai da safe, a gab da wataƙila mai jin yunwa, gwajin ya nuna hoto mafi daidaituwa, yana nuna ƙwanjamau a matakin kamuwa da cutar sankara.
• Tsarin kwanciyar hankali na preanalytical - jinin da aka dauka a waje da dakin gwaje-gwaje za'a iya kiyaye shi har zuwa lokacin gwajin fitsari.
• HbA1C yana taimakawa wajen kimanta matsayin raunin sukari a cikin masu ciwon sukari, don zaɓin madaidaicin kashi na magungunan ƙwayar cuta.
• Alamar ba ta dogara da damuwa, cututtuka, kurakurai a cikin abincin, shan kowane magunguna.
• Gwajin yana da sauri, ya fi dacewa da rahusa fiye da gwajin haƙuri na glucose na gargajiya, wanda ke ɗaukar awa 2.

Tare da anemia, hemoglobinopathy ko matsaloli tare da glandar thyroid, kamar yadda tare da wuce haddi a cikin abincin abinci mai wadataccen bitamin E da C, sakamakon ba daidai bane. Hanyar ba ta dace da gwaji ba a cutar sikila.

Gwajin rashin inganci ga mata masu juna biyu. Za'a iya ganin hoto na ainihi ne kawai a 8th-9th watan, yayin da matsaloli suka fara haske a cikin watanni biyu. Akwai marasa lafiya tare da rage hulɗa tsakanin HbA1C da karatun glucose.

Rashin daidaituwa ya haɗa da farashin jarrabawa: matsakaicin farashin sabis shine 520 rubles da wani 170 rubles shine farashin samfuran jini na venous. Ba kowane yanki bane ke da damar yin irin wannan binciken.

Me yasa ake irin wannan gwajin?

Hemoglobin wani sinadari ne wanda ya qunshi baƙin ƙarfe kuma yana da ikon ɗaukar iskar oxygen a jiki. Kwayoyin jini na jikin mutum suna rayuwa ne kawai watanni 3-4, yana da ma'ana ya dauki gwajin HbA1C tare da irin wannan mita.

Jinkirta rashin jin enzymatic yana ba da haɗin haɗin glucose da haemoglobin mai ƙarfi. Bayan glycation, glycosylated haemoglobin yana kasancewa. Intensarfafawar da aka yi ya dogara da karatun mitirin a cikin lokacin sarrafawa. HbA1C yana ba ku damar kimanta abun da ke cikin jini a cikin kwanaki 90-100.

Kafin gwaji na yau da kullun, masu ciwon sukari da yawa suna “ɗauki hankali,” suna ƙoƙarin inganta hoton gwaje-gwajen. Lokacin gwadawa don HbA1c, wannan dabarar ba ta aiki, duk kurakurai a cikin abinci da magunguna za a la'akari da su.

Fasali E. Malysheva yayi sharhi game da hanyoyinda za'a iya amfani dasu akan bidiyon.

Matsayin HbA1c

Ba tare da alamun cutar sankara ba, dabi'un HbA1C suna canzawa cikin kewayon 4-6%. An ƙididdige su a cikin kwatancen tare da jimlar adadin ƙwayoyin jini a cikin jini. Wannan manuniya yana nuna kyakkyawan metabolism.

Yiwuwar samun cutar “mai daɗi” tana ƙaruwa da ƙimar HbA1C daga 6.5 zuwa 6.9%. Idan sun shawo kan bakin kashi 7%, wannan yana nuna cewa rashin lafiyar na rage kiba, kuma canje-canje na sukari yayi gargadi game da ciwon suga. Iyakokin glycated haemoglobin (daidaitaccen a cikin ciwon sukari mellitus) ya bambanta ga nau'o'in ciwon sukari da kuma a cikin nau'ikan shekaru daban-daban. Wadannan bambance-bambance suna bayyane a bayyane a teburin.

Yana da kyau ga matasa su kula da HbA1C nasu sama da masu ciwon sukari a cikin manya. Binciken bincike game da haemoglobin na glycated ga mata masu ciki ya ba da ma'ana kawai don watanni 1-3, a nan gaba, canje-canje na hormonal ba ya ba da hoto daidai.

HbA1C da m hemoglobin

Jinin haemoglobin mai rauni ya mamaye jarirai. Ba kamar analogues ba, wannan tsari yafi dacewa yana jigilar oxygen zuwa sel. Shin mai cutar haemoglobin mai cutarwa yana shafar shaida?

Babban abun ciki na oxygen a cikin jini yana hanzarta tafiyar da hadawar hada hada abu, kuma ana canza carbohydrates zuwa glucose da karfi tare da canji mai dacewa a cikin glycemia. Wannan yana rinjayar aikin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta, samar da insulin da gemoclobin glycated don ciwon sukari.

Bayani game da gwaji na haemoglobin - a cikin bidiyon:

Siffofin binciken

Amfani mai mahimmanci na gwajin don glycosylated haemoglobin shine rashin buƙatar kowane shiri da kuma yiwuwar gudanar da shi a lokacin da ya dace. Hanyoyi na musamman suna ba da damar samun hoto abin dogara ba tare da la'akari da cin abinci ko magani ba, cututtuka masu yaduwa, abubuwan damuwa, ko ma barasa.

Don ƙarin madaidaicin hoto game da sakamakon, ana bada shawara don kaurace wa karin kumallo, saboda mai haƙuri, a matsayin mai mulkin, yana gudanar da cikakken bincike, kuma wannan na iya shafar wasu gwaje-gwaje. A cikin kwana ɗaya ko biyu za ku iya gano sakamakon. A lokacin yin shawarwari tare da endocrinologist, kuna buƙatar sanar dashi game da cutar rashin lafiyar ku, cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan fata, da kuma amfani da bitamin.

Sakamakon gwaji na iya bambanta lokacin zabar ɗakunan gwaje-gwaje daban-daban. Ya dogara da hanyoyin da ake amfani da su a cikin likitancin likita. Don gano tasirin ci gaban cutar, yana da kyau a gudanar da gwaji koyaushe a wuri guda. Yana da mahimmanci a gwada gwaji na yau da kullun: an kafa shi ta hanyar asibiti cewa raguwa a cikin HbA1 na koda 1% yana rage yiwuwar rikitarwa.